WO2021062929A1 - 油电混合动力汽车、控制方法、计算机设备及可读存储介质 - Google Patents

油电混合动力汽车、控制方法、计算机设备及可读存储介质 Download PDF

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WO2021062929A1
WO2021062929A1 PCT/CN2019/119694 CN2019119694W WO2021062929A1 WO 2021062929 A1 WO2021062929 A1 WO 2021062929A1 CN 2019119694 W CN2019119694 W CN 2019119694W WO 2021062929 A1 WO2021062929 A1 WO 2021062929A1
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speed
drive system
combustion engine
internal combustion
current
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PCT/CN2019/119694
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English (en)
French (fr)
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谭川鄂
吴国军
李维平
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苏州益高电动车辆制造有限公司
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/40—Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W40/00—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models
    • B60W40/10—Estimation or calculation of non-directly measurable driving parameters for road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub unit, e.g. by using mathematical models related to vehicle motion
    • B60W40/105—Speed
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of automobiles, in particular to a hybrid electric vehicle, a control method, computer equipment and a readable storage medium.
  • Hybrid electric vehicles include oil drive systems and electric drive systems, and there are multiple drive modes, including being driven by multiple drive systems or driven by any drive system alone.
  • the oil drive system In the process of switching the drive system, for example, when switching from an electric drive system to an oil drive system, the oil drive system cannot start from the first gear because the car is driving at this time.
  • the combination of the gearbox of the electric drive system may cause the speed to be unable to match and break the gearbox.
  • the electric drive system it is impossible to directly switch to the oil drive system or hybrid drive, and then drive on the electric drive system. In the process, it is impossible to make full use of the characteristics of oil drive system and electric drive system for flexible conversion.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a hybrid electric vehicle, a control method, a computer device and a readable storage medium.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a control method for a hybrid electric vehicle.
  • the electric drive system is working alone, when the oil drive system is started, the following steps are included:
  • an electronic clutch is activated to engage the internal combustion engine with the gearbox of the oil drive system.
  • it further includes the step of reducing the power of the electric drive system after the internal combustion engine is engaged with the gearbox.
  • the step of "reducing the power of the electric drive system after the internal combustion engine is engaged with the gearbox" further includes:
  • the internal combustion engine is engaged with the gearbox
  • the power of the electric drive system is adjusted until the electric drive system is turned off or the current second speed is equal to the current first speed.
  • the step of "reducing the power of the electric drive system after the internal combustion engine is engaged with the gearbox" further includes:
  • the internal combustion engine is engaged with the gearbox
  • the step of "detecting the current first speed of the car, and calculating the target rotational speed that the internal combustion engine of the oil drive system needs to output according to the current first speed" further includes:
  • Any value in the target rotation speed interval can be set as the target rotation speed.
  • the step "when the idling speed reaches the target speed, starting an electronic clutch to engage the internal combustion engine with the gearbox of the oil drive system" further includes:
  • the second preset formula is:
  • N 3 N 4 G 1 /G 2
  • N 3 is the preset minimum speed of the electric motor
  • N 4 is the minimum value of the target speed range
  • G 1 is the reduction ratio of the electric drive system
  • G 2 is the reduction ratio of the oil drive system.
  • the step of "detecting the current first speed of the car, and calculating the target speed that the internal combustion engine of the oil drive system needs to output according to the current first speed" also includes: detecting The current motor speed of the electric motor of the electric drive system, and the current motor speed is the current first speed;
  • the first preset formula is
  • N 2 N 1 G 2 /G 1
  • N 1 is the current motor speed
  • N 2 is the target speed
  • G 1 is the reduction ratio of the electric drive system
  • G 2 is the reduction ratio of the oil drive system.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a hybrid electric vehicle including an oil drive system and an electric drive system.
  • the oil drive system includes an internal combustion engine and a gearbox, and the vehicle further includes:
  • An electronic clutch to control the engagement or disengagement of the internal combustion engine and the gearbox
  • a speed detection unit which detects the rotation speed of the electric motor of the electric drive system or detects the speed of the car
  • An internal combustion engine speed detection unit which detects the internal combustion engine speed of the oil drive system
  • the vehicle control system sets the speed detected by the speed detection unit as the current first speed, calculates the target speed that the internal combustion engine of the oil drive system needs to output according to the current first speed, and controls the start of the internal combustion engine,
  • the idling speed of the internal combustion engine is compared with the target speed, and when the idling speed reaches the target speed, the electronic clutch is controlled to engage the internal combustion engine with the gearbox.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program that can run on the processor, and the processor executes the computer program At the same time, the steps in the control method of the above-mentioned hybrid electric vehicle can be realized.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which when executed by a processor can realize the control method of the above-mentioned hybrid electric vehicle A step of.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects: when the electric drive system is working alone, the vehicle speed or the rotation speed of the electric drive system motor can be detected, and the current state information of the vehicle can be obtained, and the current state information can be used to determine The target speed that the internal combustion engine needs to output. At this time, the internal combustion engine is operated, but it is not engaged with the reduction box. Increase the idling speed of the internal combustion engine to reach the target speed and then engage with the reduction box. At this time, the output speed of the internal combustion engine is relative to the input speed of the reduction box. Close, there is no problem that the relative speed gap is too large to cause the inability to engage, and it will not cause damage to the gearbox. The process of transition from the electric drive system to the oil drive system or hybrid system is realized, and it can also be used during driving. Flexible switching of driving modes has the beneficial effect of better driving experience.
  • Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a control method of a hybrid electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a control method for a hybrid electric vehicle.
  • the control method is used to control the vehicle to switch the driving mode flexibly and conveniently during driving, especially from the electric drive system alone to the oil drive system alone. Or oil-electric hybrid drive.
  • an electronic clutch is activated to engage the internal combustion engine with the gearbox of the oil drive system.
  • the current first speed can be the current speed of the car or the speed of the electric motor of the electric drive system, and when the electric drive system and/or oil drive are working, there is a corresponding relationship between the speed of the electric motor or internal combustion engine and the current speed of the car.
  • Mutual conversion the corresponding relationship is:
  • N is the rotation speed of the driving system in operation
  • v is the vehicle speed
  • ⁇ is the tire diameter of the automobile
  • G is the reduction ratio of the driving system corresponding to the rotation speed.
  • the value of the reduction ratio G is 1, so detecting the speed of the vehicle or the rotation speed of the motor can realize the steps of this scheme.
  • the drive mode can also be flexibly switched during driving, which has the beneficial effect of better driving experience.
  • the present invention provides two examples of calculation methods, which are Example 1 and Example 2, respectively.
  • the step of "detecting the current first speed of the car, and calculating the target speed that the internal combustion engine of the oil drive system needs to output according to the current first speed” also includes: detecting the current first speed of the electric drive system The current motor speed of the electric motor, where the current motor speed is the current first speed;
  • the first preset formula is
  • N 2 N 1 G 2 /G 1
  • N 1 is the current motor speed
  • N 2 is the target speed
  • G 1 is the reduction ratio of the electric drive system
  • G 2 is the reduction ratio of the oil drive system.
  • the principle is that when the electric drive system is working, there is a corresponding relationship between the electric motor and the vehicle speed.
  • N 5 is the rotation speed of the electric motor
  • v is the vehicle speed
  • ⁇ is the tire diameter of the car
  • G 1 is the reduction ratio of the electric drive system.
  • N 6 is the rotational speed of the internal combustion engine
  • v is the vehicle speed
  • ⁇ is the tire diameter of the automobile
  • G 2 is the reduction ratio of the electric drive system.
  • the first preset formula is obtained by comparing the above two formulas.
  • the required speed of the internal combustion engine of the oil drive system can be obtained.
  • the system has a reducer, the output of the motor is directly output to the car without the reducer, and the value of G 2 is 1.
  • the detected current first speed is the current motor rotation speed of the electric motor. According to the above description, it can also be converted into the rotation speed of the electric motor after detecting the vehicle speed, and then perform the above steps to confirm the target rotation speed.
  • the detected first speed is the speed of the car, it may not be converted to the speed of the motor, but according to Where v is the current first speed, G 2 is the reduction ratio of the oil drive system, and the calculated N is the target speed that the internal combustion engine needs to output.
  • the step of "detecting the current first speed of the car, and calculating the target rotational speed that the internal combustion engine of the oil drive system needs to output according to the current first speed" further includes:
  • Any value in the target rotation speed interval can be set as the target rotation speed.
  • the detected current first speed is the current vehicle speed of the car.
  • the current motor speed of the motor may also be detected, then converted to the current vehicle speed, and then the above steps are performed to confirm the target speed.
  • the current first speed and the reduction ratio that the oil drive system should use are different in different cars.
  • the speed of the internal combustion engine can be changed from 1000 to 2000 rpm.
  • the car The speed of the car is more suitable from 10km/h to 20km/h.
  • the gear of the reducer is in the 4th gear, the speed of the internal combustion engine can be changed from 2500 to 3500 rpm. At this time, the speed of the car is from 40km/h to 80km/h.
  • the adjustment range of the reduction ratio can be set more, so that the range of the target speed range can be set smaller, for example, the adjustment range is divided into 20 reduction ratios, each The target speed range corresponding to the reduction ratio is also very small. In this way, when the reducer and the internal combustion engine are engaged, the relative speed difference between the two is reduced as much as possible within the range of the target speed range, thereby protecting the gearbox and improving the switching. The performance of the drive system.
  • the target speed acquired in this embodiment is within a range. According to the current driving speed of the car, the gear required by the oil drive system and the speed of the internal combustion engine required in this gear are determined.
  • the specific target speed is not as good as in the first embodiment. It is accurate, but the scope is large and easy to achieve.
  • the method further includes the step of reducing the power of the electric drive system after the internal combustion engine is engaged with the gearbox.
  • step of "reducing the power of the electric drive system after the internal combustion engine is engaged with the gearbox” also includes:
  • the internal combustion engine is engaged with the gearbox
  • the power of the electric drive system is adjusted until the electric drive system is turned off or the current second speed is equal to the current first speed.
  • the followability of the electric drive system is higher than that of the oil drive system.
  • followability refers to the length of time from issuing a running command to the oil drive system or electric drive system until the corresponding system reaches the speed corresponding to the running command. The shorter the time, the higher the followability, otherwise the followability is low.
  • the followability of the motor is usually It is higher than the followability of the internal combustion engine, that is, the output power of the electric motor changes quickly after the input current power changes, and the change of the fuel supply of the internal combustion engine requires more time to change the output torque.
  • the speed feedback is adjusted by changing the power of the electric drive system to be more timely, the adjustment speed is fast, the fluctuation range of the speed change is small, and the driving experience is better.
  • the step of "reducing the power of the electric drive system after the internal combustion engine is engaged with the gearbox” also includes:
  • the internal combustion engine is engaged with the gearbox
  • the reduction ratio of the oil drive system can be adjusted at the same time, and Adjust the power of the oil drive system, for example, increase the reduction ratio of the oil drive system so that the same input speed corresponds to a smaller output speed, and reduce the power of the oil drive system to reduce the output speed of the internal combustion engine, and jointly adjust the vehicle speed. Restore to the state required by the driver.
  • Examples 3 and 4 after adding the oil drive system and then adjusting the power of the electric drive system, there will be a process of increasing and then decreasing the vehicle speed. In order to avoid the increase of the vehicle speed, or to prevent the vehicle speed from increasing too much, an embodiment is proposed 5.
  • the vehicle speed does not change, and there is an acceleration of deceleration. If the power of the motor is reduced or even reduced to 0 at the moment before the internal combustion engine and the reducer are connected, the internal combustion engine and the reducer are connected again. The driving mode is switched, but there are still problems in the process that the speed change is difficult to control, and the vehicle speed is unstable.
  • the step "when the idling speed reaches the target speed, starting an electronic clutch to engage the internal combustion engine with the gearbox of the oil drive system” further includes:
  • the second preset formula is:
  • N 3 N 4 G 1 /G 2
  • N 3 is the preset minimum speed of the electric motor
  • N 4 is the minimum value of the target speed range
  • G 1 is the reduction ratio of the electric drive system
  • G 2 is the reduction ratio of the oil drive system.
  • the vehicle speed is 60km/h.
  • the motor speed is 3,500 rpm. Switch to the 4th gear.
  • the corresponding internal combustion engine can rotate from 2500 to 3,500 rpm.
  • the corresponding vehicle speed of 2500 rpm is 40km/h, and the corresponding motor speed is 2000 rpm, that is, when the motor is more than 2000 rpm, the internal combustion engine can be maintained to switch to the 4th gear, so the motor speed is reduced to that before 2000 rpm.
  • the internal combustion engine and the reduction gear box are engaged, and the power of the internal combustion engine is supplemented on the basis of the reduction of the motor power. This is beneficial to the adjustment of the vehicle speed before and after the vehicle speed is reduced as much as possible. Restore consistency.
  • the above-described vehicle speed, gear position, the rotational speed of unspecified value can be compared G 1, the oil in the specified deceleration drive system of the electric drive system to make corresponding adjustments than G 2.
  • the operating state of the internal combustion engine is detected in real time.
  • the electronic clutch is controlled to separate the internal combustion engine from the transmission to prevent
  • engaging the reducer will hinder the driving of the car and damage the reducer.
  • this embodiment also provides a hybrid electric vehicle including an oil drive system and an electric drive system.
  • the oil drive system includes an internal combustion engine and a gearbox.
  • the vehicle further includes:
  • An electronic clutch to control the engagement or disengagement of the internal combustion engine and the gearbox
  • a speed detection unit which detects the rotation speed of the electric motor of the electric drive system or detects the speed of the car
  • An internal combustion engine speed detection unit which detects the internal combustion engine speed of the oil drive system
  • the vehicle control system sets the speed detected by the speed detection unit as the current first speed, calculates the target speed that the internal combustion engine of the oil drive system needs to output according to the current first speed, and controls the start of the internal combustion engine,
  • the idling speed of the internal combustion engine is compared with the target speed, and when the idling speed reaches the target speed, the electronic clutch is controlled to engage the internal combustion engine with the gearbox.
  • the speed detection unit detects the rotation speed of the electric drive system motor or detects the speed of the car.
  • the speed detection unit can be the rotation speed detection unit of the motor, or it can detect the current of the car by means of a positioning device or detection of tire rotation speed.
  • Vehicle speed, the speed of the motor and the current vehicle speed can be converted according to the formula provided above;
  • this embodiment also provides a computer device, including a memory and a processor, the memory stores a computer program that can run on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the above-mentioned oil and electricity can be implemented. Steps in the control method of a hybrid electric vehicle.
  • this embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium that stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the control method of the above-mentioned hybrid electric vehicle can be realized.

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Abstract

一种油电混合动力汽车、控制方法、计算机设备及可读存储介质，该控制方法在电驱系统单独工作的过程中，启动油驱系统时，包括步骤：检测汽车的当前第一速度，根据当前第一速度计算油驱系统的内燃机需要输出的目标转速，启动油驱系统，并检测内燃机的怠速转速，当怠速转速达到目标转速时，启动电子离合器将内燃机与油驱系统的变速箱接合。该方法不存在相对速度差距过大导致内燃机与变速箱无法接合的问题，也不会对变速箱造成损坏，实现了由电驱系统过渡到油驱系统或油电混合系统的过程，驾驶过程中能灵活切换驱动模式，驾驶体验更好。

Description

油电混合动力汽车、控制方法、计算机设备及可读存储介质 技术领域
本发明涉及汽车领域，尤其涉及一种油电混合动力汽车、控制方法、计算机设备及可读存储介质。
背景技术
油电混合动力汽车包括油驱系统和电驱系统，存在多种驱动模式，包括由多个驱动系统共同驱动、或由任一驱动系统单独驱动。在切换驱动系统的过程中，例如从电驱系统切换为油驱系统时，由于此时汽车在行驶，存在一定车速，油驱系统无法从一档起步，若直接将油驱系统的内燃机和油驱系统的减速箱结合，可能会存在速度无法匹配、打坏减速箱的问题，导致在电驱系统工作时，无法直接切换到油驱系统工作或者油电混合驱动，进而在电驱系统行驶的过程中，无法充分利用油驱系统和电驱系统的特点进行灵活地转换。
发明内容
为解决现有技术中的问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种油电混合动力汽车、控制方法、计算机设备及可读存储介质。
为实现上述发明目的之一，本发明一实施例提供了一种油电混合动力汽车的控制方法，在电驱系统单独工作的过程中，启动油驱系统时，包括步骤：
检测所述汽车的当前第一速度；
根据所述当前第一速度计算所述油驱系统的内燃机需要输出的目标转速；
启动所述油驱系统，并检测所述内燃机的怠速转速；
当所述怠速转速达到所述目标转速时，启动电子离合器将所述内燃机与所述油驱系统的变速箱接合。
作为本发明一实施例的进一步改进，还包括步骤：所述内燃机与所述变速箱接合后，降低所述电驱系统的功率。
作为本发明一实施例的进一步改进，所述步骤“所述内燃机与所述变速箱接合后，降低所述电驱系统的功率”还包括：
所述内燃机与所述变速箱接合；
检测所述汽车的当前第二速度；
当设定车速不变时，调整所述电驱系统的功率直至所述电驱系统关闭或所述当前第二速度等于所述当前第一速度。
作为本发明一实施例的进一步改进，所述步骤“所述内燃机与所述变速箱接合后，降低所述电驱系统的功率”还包括：
所述内燃机与所述变速箱接合；
检测所述汽车的当前第二速度；
当设定车速不变时，调整所述电驱系统的功率、调整所述油驱系统的功率、以及调整油驱 系统的减速比直至所述当前第二速度等于所述当前第一速度。
作为本发明一实施例的进一步改进，所述步骤“检测所述汽车的当前第一速度，根据所述当前第一速度计算所述油驱系统的内燃机需要输出的目标转速”还包括：
检测所述电驱系统的电动机的当前电机转速，根据所述当前电机转速换算所述当前车速，所述当前车速为所述当前第一速度；
根据所述当前第一速度，调整所述油驱系统的减速比；
根据所述油驱系统的减速比，设定所述油驱系统的内燃机需要输出的目标转速区间；
所述目标转速区间的任一值均可设置为所述目标转速。
作为本发明一实施例的进一步改进，所述步骤“当所述怠速转速达到所述目标转速时，启动电子离合器将所述内燃机与所述油驱系统的变速箱接合”还包括：
根据所述目标转速区间的最小值，根据第二预设公式计算所述电动机的预设最低转速；
当所述怠速转速达到所述目标转速时，降低所述电驱系统的功率，并检测所述电动机的实时电机转速；
在所述实时电机转速大于等于所述预设最低转速时，启动电子离合器将所述内燃机与所述油驱系统的变速箱接合；
所述第二预设公式为：
N 3＝N 4G 1/G 2
其中，N 3为所述电动机的预设最低转速，N 4为所述目标转速区间的最小值，G 1是所述电驱系统的减速比，G 2是所述油驱系统的减速比。
作为本发明一实施例的进一步改进，所述步骤“检测所述汽车的当前第一速度，根据所述当前第一速度计算所述油驱系统的内燃机需要输出的目标转速”还包括：检测所述电驱系统的电动机的当前电机转速，所述当前电机转速为所述当前第一速度；
根据第一预设公式计算所述油驱系统的内燃机需要输出的目标转速；
所述第一预设公式为
N 2＝N 1G 2/G 1
其中，N 1为所述当前电机转速，N 2为所述目标转速，G 1是所述电驱系统的减速比，G 2是所述油驱系统的减速比。
为实现上述发明目的之一，本发明一实施例提供了一种油电混合动力汽车，包括油驱系统和电驱系统，所述油驱系统包括内燃机和变速箱，所述汽车还包括：
电子离合器，控制所述内燃机与变速箱接合或分离；
速度检测部，检测所述电驱系统的电动机的转速或检测所述汽车车速；
内燃机转速检测部，检测所述油驱系统的内燃机转速；
整车控制系统，将所述速度检测部检测到的速度设定为当前第一速度，根据所述当前第一速度计算所述油驱系统的内燃机需要输出的目标转速，控制所述内燃机启动，并比较所述内燃机的怠速转速与目标转速大小，当所述怠速转速达到所述目标转速时，控制所述电子离合 器将所述内燃机与所述变速箱接合。
为实现上述发明目的之一，本发明一实施例提供了一种计算机设备，包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器存储有可在处理器上运行的计算机程序，所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时可实现上述的油电混合动力汽车的控制方法中的步骤。
为实现上述发明目的之一，本发明一实施例提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，其存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序被处理器执行时可实现上述的油电混合动力汽车的控制方法中的步骤。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：电驱系统单独工作的过程中，检测汽车的车速或电驱系统的电动机的转速，可以获知汽车的当前状态信息，根据当前状态信息，确定内燃机需要输出的目标转速，此时使内燃机运转，但不与减速箱接合，增大内燃机的怠速转速达到目标转速后再与减速箱接合，此时由于内燃机的输出转速与减速箱的输入转速相对接近，不存在相对速度差距过大导致无法接合的问题，也不会对减速箱造成损坏，实现了由电驱系统过渡到油驱系统或油电混合系统这一过程，驾驶的过程中也能灵活切换驱动模式，具有驾驶体验更好的有益效果。
附图说明
图1是本发明一实施例的油电混合动力汽车的控制方法的流程图；
具体实施方式
以下将结合附图所示的具体实施方式对本发明进行详细描述。但这些实施方式并不限制本发明，本领域的普通技术人员根据这些实施方式所做出的结构、方法、或功能上的变换均包含在本发明的保护范围内。
本发明一实施例提供一种油电混合动力汽车的控制方法，该控制方法用于控制汽车在行驶过程中灵活方便地切换驱动模式，尤其是从电驱系统单独驱动切换到油驱系统单独驱动或油电混合驱动。
在电驱系统单独工作的过程中，启动油驱系统时，包括步骤：
检测所述汽车的当前第一速度；
根据所述当前第一速度计算所述油驱系统的内燃机需要输出的目标转速；
启动所述油驱系统，并检测所述内燃机的怠速转速；
当所述怠速转速达到所述目标转速时，启动电子离合器将所述内燃机与所述油驱系统的变速箱接合。
当前第一速度，可以是汽车当前的车速，也可以是电驱系统的电动机的转速，且电驱系统和/或油驱工作时，电动机或内燃机的转速与汽车的当前车速存在对应关系，可以相互转换，对应关系为：
Figure PCTCN2019119694-appb-000001
其中，N为工作中的驱动系统的转速，v为车速，φ是所述汽车的轮胎直径，G是与转速对应的驱动系统的减速比。
对应电动机单独工作时，电驱系统若不含减速机，减速比G的值为1，所以检测车速或电动机的转速均能实现本方案的步骤。
启动所述油驱系统时，油驱系统的内燃机未直接与变速箱接合，此时增加发动动机油门阀值，提高内燃机的怠速转速，并检测所述内燃机的怠速转速，直到达到所述目标转速时，再启动电子离合器将所述内燃机与所述油驱系统的变速箱接合。
电驱系统单独工作的过程中，检测汽车的车速或电驱系统的电动机的转速，可以获知汽车的当前状态信息，根据当前状态信息，确定内燃机需要输出的目标转速，此时使内燃机运转，但不与减速箱接合，增大内燃机的怠速转速达到目标转速后再与减速箱接合，此时由于内燃机的输出转速与减速箱的输入转速相对接近，不存在相对速度差距过大导致无法接合的问题，也不会对减速箱造成损坏，实现了由电驱系统过渡到油驱系统或油电混合系统这一过程，驾驶的过程中也能灵活切换驱动模式，具有驾驶体验更好的有益效果。
在“根据所述当前第一速度计算所述油驱系统的内燃机需要输出的目标转速”这一步骤中，本发明提供了两种计算方式的实施例，分别为实施例1和实施例2。
实施例1
本实施例中，所述步骤“检测所述汽车的当前第一速度，根据所述当前第一速度计算所述油驱系统的内燃机需要输出的目标转速”还包括：检测所述电驱系统的电动机的当前电机转速，所述当前电机转速为所述当前第一速度；
根据第一预设公式计算所述油驱系统的内燃机需要输出的目标转速；
所述第一预设公式为
N 2＝N 1G 2/G 1
其中，N 1为所述当前电机转速，N 2为所述目标转速，G 1是所述电驱系统的减速比，G 2是所述油驱系统的减速比。
其根据的原理为，当电驱系统工作时，存在电动机与车速的对应关系
Figure PCTCN2019119694-appb-000002
其中，N 5为电动机的转速，v为车速，φ是所述汽车的轮胎直径，G 1是电驱系统的减速比。
当油驱系统工作时，存在电动机与车速的对应关系
Figure PCTCN2019119694-appb-000003
其中，N 6为内燃机的转速，v为车速，φ是所述汽车的轮胎直径，G 2是电驱系统的减速比。
对于同一车速下，由于汽车轮胎的直径不变，将上述两式相比得出第一预设公式，根据当前的电动机的转速，即可获知油驱系统的内燃机需要的转速，若仅油驱系统存在减速机，电动机的输出不经过减速机直接输出给汽车，G 2的值是1。
本实施例中，检测的当前第一速度为电动机的当前电机转速，根据上述描述，也可以是检测车速后转换为电动机的转速，再进行上述步骤确认目标转速。
若检测的第一速度为汽车的车速，也可以不转换为电动机的转速，而是根据
Figure PCTCN2019119694-appb-000004
其中v为当前第一速度，G 2为油驱系统的减速比，计算出的N为内燃机 需要输出的目标转速。
实施例2
本实施例中，所述步骤“检测所述汽车的当前第一速度，根据所述当前第一速度计算所述油驱系统的内燃机需要输出的目标转速”还包括：
检测所述电驱系统的电动机的当前电机转速，根据所述当前电机转速换算所述当前车速，所述当前车速为所述当前第一速度；
根据所述当前第一速度，调整所述油驱系统的减速比；
根据所述油驱系统的减速比，设定所述油驱系统的内燃机需要输出的目标转速区间；
所述目标转速区间的任一值均可设置为所述目标转速。
本实施例中，检测的当前第一速度为汽车的当前车速，根据上述描述，也可以是检测电动机的当前电机转速后，再转换为当前车速，再进行上述步骤确认目标转速。
当前第一速度与油驱系统应该采用的减速比，不同车的具体情况不同，举例来说，对于减速机的档位在2档时，内燃机的转速可以在1000转到2000转，此时汽车的车速在10km/h到20km/h比较合适，对于减速机的档位在4档时，内燃机的转速可以在2500转到3500转，此时汽车的车速在40km/h到80km/h比较合适，若检测到汽车的时速在15km/h，设定减速箱的档位在2档，设定目标转速区间为1000转到2000转，若检测到汽车的时速在60km/h，设定减速箱的档位在4档，设定目标转速区间为2500转到3500转。
在具体设定中，可以分为更多地档位，减速比的调整范围设置更多，从而将目标转速区间的范围设定得更小，例如分为20个减速比的调整范围，每个减速比对应的目标转速区间也很小，这样在该目标转速区间的范围内，将减速机和内燃机接合时，尽量的减少两者的相对转速的差距，从而保护了减速箱，且提高了切换驱动系统的性能。
本实施例获取的目标转速，为一个区间范围，根据汽车当前的行驶速度，确定油驱系统需要的档位，以及该档位下需要的内燃机的转速，具体的目标转速的值不如实施例1中的精准，但范围大易于实现。
另外，驾驶员通常希望汽车在始终运行平稳的前提下切换汽车的驱动模式，不希望因为切换汽车的驱动模式使车速发生突变影响驾驶体验，且速度的突变产生安全隐患，因此在对汽车切换驱动模式过程中需要对车速进行控制。在切换驱动模式的过程中，由于突然加入了油驱系统，使整车的功率变大，车速会增高，针对车速的变化的调整，本申请提供了两种方案，包括在接入油驱系统后降低电驱系统功率，提供了实施例3和实施例4两个实施例，以及在接入油驱系统前降低电驱系统功率，提供了实施例5。
实施例3
进一步地，还包括步骤：所述内燃机与所述变速箱接合后，降低所述电驱系统的功率。
更进一步地，所述步骤“所述内燃机与所述变速箱接合后，降低所述电驱系统的功率”还包括：
所述内燃机与所述变速箱接合；
检测所述汽车的当前第二速度；
当设定车速不变时，调整所述电驱系统的功率直至所述电驱系统关闭或所述当前第二速度等于所述当前第一速度。
所述电驱系统的跟随性高于所述油驱系统的跟随性。跟随性指对油驱系统或电驱系统发出运转指令，到对应系统达到所述运转指令对应的转速的时长，该时长越短，跟随性越高，反之则跟随性低，电动机的跟随性通常高于内燃机的跟随性，即电动机在输入电流功率变化后，输出的功率很快的做出变化，而内燃机的供油量的变化到输出转矩的变化需要更多的时长，当油驱系统的功率确定后，为了使得车辆的速度变化更平稳，通过改变电驱系统的功率调整车速反馈更加及时，调整速度快，车速的变化波动范围小，驾驶体验更好。
当接入内燃机后，若电动机的功率不增大，比较调整前后两次的车速，则会检测到车速存在上升趋势，此时降低电动机的功率，车速会降低，若汽车的速度下降过大，则加大对电动机功率的输入，直到恢复至调整前和调整后的速度相同，若电动机的输入功率降到最低值，即为0时，汽车的速度依然高于调整前的速度，此时若油驱系统的转速不变，电驱系统已调整至极限值，即停止调整。由于电动机的跟随性好，该检测调整过程迅速及时。
实施例4
与实施例3相区别地，所述步骤“所述内燃机与所述变速箱接合后，降低所述电驱系统的功率”还包括：
所述内燃机与所述变速箱接合；
检测所述汽车的当前第二速度；
当设定车速不变时，调整所述电驱系统的功率、调整所述油驱系统的功率、以及调整油驱系统的减速比直至所述当前第二速度等于所述当前第一速度。
在接入油驱系统后，为了应对电驱系统调整至极限值仍不能降低车速到调整前的状态，且驾驶员需要油电混合驱动时，可以通过同时调整调整油驱系统的减速比，以及调整所述油驱系统的功率，例如增大油驱系统的减速比，使同样的输入转速对应更小的输出转速，以及降低油驱系统的功率，使内燃机的输出转速降低，共同调整车速，恢复到驾驶员需要的状态。
实施例5
实施例3和4中，加入油驱系统后再调整电驱系统的功率，会存在车速增高再下降的过程，为了避免车速的升高，或者说为了防止车速升高过多，提出了实施例5。
在减小电动机功率的瞬间，车速不发生变化，存在减速的加速度，若在将接合内燃机和减速机之前的瞬间，减小电动机的功率甚至降为0后，再接合内燃机和减速机，可以实现驱动模式的切换，但该过程仍存在速度变化难控制，以及车速不稳定的问题。
在实施例2的基础上，所述步骤“当所述怠速转速达到所述目标转速时，启动电子离合器将所述内燃机与所述油驱系统的变速箱接合”还包括：
根据所述目标转速区间的最小值，根据第二预设公式计算所述电动机的预设最低转速；
当所述怠速转速达到所述目标转速时，降低所述电驱系统的功率，并检测所述电动机的实 时电机转速；
在所述实时电机转速大于等于所述预设最低转速时，启动电子离合器将所述内燃机与所述油驱系统的变速箱接合；
所述第二预设公式为：
N 3＝N 4G 1/G 2
其中，N 3为所述电动机的预设最低转速，N 4为所述目标转速区间的最小值，G 1是所述电驱系统的减速比，G 2是所述油驱系统的减速比。
根据实施例2确定的目标转速区间的最低值，例如车速为60km/h，此时电机的转速为3500转，切换到4档位，对应的内燃机的转速可以是2500转到3500转，而内燃机的2500转对应的车速为40km/h，对应的电动机的转速是2000转，即电动机在2000转以上时，均能维持内燃机切换到4档位上，所以在电动机的转速降低至2000转前的任一值时，例如电动机的转速为2100转时接合内燃机和减速箱，在电动机功率减小的基础上实现内燃机功率的补充，有利于汽车的车速在尽量减少增高的前提下实现调整前后的车速恢复一致。
上述的车速、档位、转速非指定数值，均可以根据所述电驱系统的减速比G 1，所述油驱系统的减速比G 2做出相应的调整。
另外，实时检测所述内燃机的运行状态，当所述内燃机停转时，若所述内燃机与所述变速箱接合在一起，控制所述电子离合器将所述内燃机与所述变速箱分离，以防止内燃机停转时接合减速机对汽车的行驶造成阻碍，以及损坏减速机。
以及，在关闭油驱系统，使电驱系统单独工作的过程中，包括步骤：
启动所述电子离合器将所述内燃机与变速箱分离；
控制所述内燃机停止转动；
增大所述电驱系统的功率。
进一步地，本实施例还提供一种油电混合动力汽车，包括油驱系统和电驱系统，所述油驱系统包括内燃机和变速箱，所述汽车还包括：
电子离合器，控制所述内燃机与变速箱接合或分离；
速度检测部，检测所述电驱系统的电动机的转速或检测所述汽车车速；
内燃机转速检测部，检测所述油驱系统的内燃机转速；
整车控制系统，将所述速度检测部检测到的速度设定为当前第一速度，根据所述当前第一速度计算所述油驱系统的内燃机需要输出的目标转速，控制所述内燃机启动，并比较所述内燃机的怠速转速与目标转速大小，当所述怠速转速达到所述目标转速时，控制所述电子离合器将所述内燃机与所述变速箱接合。
其中，速度检测部，检测所述电驱系统的电动机的转速或检测所述汽车车速，速度检测部可以是电动机的转速检测部，也可以是通过定位装置或检测轮胎转速等方法检测汽车的当前车速，电动机的转速与当前车速之间可以根据上文提供的公式进行转换；
进一步地，本实施例还提供一种计算机设备，包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器存储有可 在处理器上运行的计算机程序，所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时可实现上述的油电混合动力汽车的控制方法中的步骤。
进一步地，本实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，其存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序被处理器执行时可实现上述的油电混合动力汽车的控制方法中的步骤。
上文所列出的详细说明仅仅是针对本发明的可行性实施方式的具体说明，它们并非用以限制本发明的保护范围，凡未脱离本发明技艺精神所作的等效实施方式或变更均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种油电混合动力汽车的控制方法，其特征在于，在电驱系统单独工作的过程中，启动油驱系统时，包括步骤：
    检测所述汽车的当前第一速度；
    根据所述当前第一速度计算所述油驱系统的内燃机需要输出的目标转速；
    启动所述油驱系统，并检测所述内燃机的怠速转速；
    当所述怠速转速达到所述目标转速时，启动电子离合器将所述内燃机与所述油驱系统的变速箱接合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的油电混合动力汽车的控制方法，其特征在于，所述步骤“检测所述汽车的当前第一速度，根据所述当前第一速度计算所述油驱系统的内燃机需要输出的目标转速”还包括：检测所述电驱系统的电动机的当前电机转速，所述当前电机转速为所述当前第一速度；
    根据第一预设公式计算所述油驱系统的内燃机需要输出的目标转速；
    所述第一预设公式为
    N 2＝N 1G 2/G 1
    其中，N 1为所述当前电机转速，N 2为所述目标转速，G 1是所述电驱系统的减速比，G 2是所述油驱系统的减速比。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的油电混合动力汽车的控制方法，其特征在于，所述步骤“检测所述汽车的当前第一速度，根据所述当前第一速度计算所述油驱系统的内燃机需要输出的目标转速”还包括：
    检测所述电驱系统的电动机的当前电机转速，根据所述当前电机转速换算所述当前车速，所述当前车速为所述当前第一速度；
    根据所述当前第一速度，调整所述油驱系统的减速比；
    根据所述油驱系统的减速比，设定所述油驱系统的内燃机需要输出的目标转速区间；
    所述目标转速区间的任一值均可设置为所述目标转速。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的油电混合动力汽车的控制方法，其特征在于，所述步骤“当所述怠速转速达到所述目标转速时，启动电子离合器将所述内燃机与所述油驱系统的变速箱接合”还包括：
    根据所述目标转速区间的最小值，根据第二预设公式计算所述电动机的预设最低转速；
    当所述怠速转速达到所述目标转速时，降低所述电驱系统的功率，并检测所述电动机的实时电机转速；
    在所述实时电机转速大于等于所述预设最低转速时，启动电子离合器将所述内燃机与所述油驱系统的变速箱接合；
    所述第二预设公式为：
    N 3＝N 4G 1/G 2
    其中，N 3为所述电动机的预设最低转速，N 4为所述目标转速区间的最小值，G 1是所述 电驱系统的减速比，G 2是所述油驱系统的减速比。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的油电混合动力汽车的控制方法，其特征在于，还包括步骤：所述内燃机与所述变速箱接合后，降低所述电驱系统的功率。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的油电混合动力汽车的控制方法，其特征在于，所述步骤“所述内燃机与所述变速箱接合后，降低所述电驱系统的功率”还包括：
    所述内燃机与所述变速箱接合；
    检测所述汽车的当前第二速度；
    当设定车速不变时，调整所述电驱系统的功率直至所述电驱系统关闭或所述当前第二速度等于所述当前第一速度。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的油电混合动力汽车的控制方法，其特征在于，所述步骤“所述内燃机与所述变速箱接合后，降低所述电驱系统的功率”还包括：
    所述内燃机与所述变速箱接合；
    检测所述汽车的当前第二速度；
    当设定车速不变时，调整所述电驱系统的功率、调整所述油驱系统的功率、以及调整油驱系统的减速比直至所述当前第二速度等于所述当前第一速度。
  8. 一种油电混合动力汽车，包括油驱系统和电驱系统，所述油驱系统包括内燃机和变速箱，其特征在于，所述汽车还包括：
    电子离合器，控制所述内燃机与变速箱接合或分离；
    速度检测部，检测所述电驱系统的电动机的转速或检测所述汽车车速；
    内燃机转速检测部，检测所述油驱系统的内燃机转速；
    整车控制系统，将所述速度检测部检测到的速度设定为当前第一速度，根据所述当前第一速度计算所述油驱系统的内燃机需要输出的目标转速，控制所述内燃机启动，并比较所述内燃机的怠速转速与目标转速大小，当所述怠速转速达到所述目标转速时，控制所述电子离合器将所述内燃机与所述变速箱接合。
  9. 一种计算机设备，包括存储器和处理器，所述存储器存储有可在处理器上运行的计算机程序，其特征在于，所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时可实现权利要求1所述的油电混合动力汽车的控制方法中的步骤。
  10. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其存储有计算机程序，其特征在于，该计算机程序被处理器执行时可实现权利要求1所述的油电混合动力汽车的控制方法中的步骤。
PCT/CN2019/119694 2019-09-30 2019-11-20 油电混合动力汽车、控制方法、计算机设备及可读存储介质 WO2021062929A1 (zh)

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