WO2021057195A1 - 一种obc电路、obc充电器、新能源汽车及充电桩 - Google Patents

一种obc电路、obc充电器、新能源汽车及充电桩 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021057195A1
WO2021057195A1 PCT/CN2020/101451 CN2020101451W WO2021057195A1 WO 2021057195 A1 WO2021057195 A1 WO 2021057195A1 CN 2020101451 W CN2020101451 W CN 2020101451W WO 2021057195 A1 WO2021057195 A1 WO 2021057195A1
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Prior art keywords
time point
circuit
power
electrode
switching tube
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PCT/CN2020/101451
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张贺军
刘韧
曾滔
胡艳军
郭丰
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2021057195A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021057195A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/40—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices
    • H02J50/402—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using two or more transmitting or receiving devices the two or more transmitting or the two or more receiving devices being integrated in the same unit, e.g. power mats with several coils or antennas with several sub-antennas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L1/00—Supplying electric power to auxiliary equipment of vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
    • B60L53/22—Constructional details or arrangements of charging converters specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/31—Charging columns specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
    • B60L58/20—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having different nominal voltages
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
    • H02J1/08—Three-wire systems; Systems having more than three wires
    • H02J1/082—Plural DC voltage, e.g. DC supply voltage with at least two different DC voltage levels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H02J50/10—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power using inductive coupling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/00047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with provisions for charging different types of batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
    • H02J7/04—Regulation of charging current or voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/01—Resonant DC/DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33561—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having more than one ouput with independent control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33573—Full-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
    • H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
    • H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H02M3/33592—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer having a synchronous rectifier circuit or a synchronous freewheeling circuit at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
    • H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
    • H02M7/53871—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current
    • H02M7/53878—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration with automatic control of output voltage or current by time shifting switching signals of one diagonal pair of the bridge with respect to the other diagonal pair
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
    • B60L2210/14—Boost converters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2210/00—Converter types
    • B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2310/00—The network for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by its spatial reach or by the load
    • H02J2310/40—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle
    • H02J2310/48—The network being an on-board power network, i.e. within a vehicle for electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
    • H02M1/325—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection with means for allowing continuous operation despite a fault, i.e. fault tolerant converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/38—Means for preventing simultaneous conduction of switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
    • H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of new energy vehicles, in particular to an OBC circuit, an OBC charger, a new energy vehicle and a charging pile.
  • the OBC charger mainly includes an OBC circuit and a control circuit that drives the operation of the OBC circuit.
  • OBC chargers mostly adopt a magnetic integration scheme, that is, the OBC circuit mainly includes a primary circuit, a first secondary circuit, and a second secondary circuit, and two of the three circuits are magnetically coupled.
  • the control circuit can control the primary circuit to convert the received charging electric energy into AC electric energy with a specific frequency, and provide a part of the AC electric energy to the first secondary circuit, and The other part of the AC power is provided to the second secondary circuit.
  • the control circuit can also control the first secondary circuit to convert the received AC power into DC power.
  • the DC power is usually high-voltage power and can be used to charge the power battery of a new energy vehicle.
  • the control circuit can also control the second secondary circuit to convert the received AC power into DC power.
  • the DC power is usually low-voltage power and can be used to power low-voltage batteries (such as lead-acid batteries) or load circuits in new energy vehicles. .
  • the frequency of the AC power provided by the primary side circuit in the OBC charger is mainly affected by the output demand of the first secondary side circuit. Therefore, the second secondary side circuit is often designed with a complex circuit structure to obtain it from the primary side circuit.
  • the AC power is converted into DC power suitable for low-voltage batteries or load circuits.
  • this application provides an OBC circuit, an OBC charger, a new energy vehicle, and a charging pile.
  • OBC circuit rectification and voltage regulation can be achieved through two switch tubes and two diodes of the second secondary circuit.
  • the structure of the second secondary circuit is simple, which is beneficial to simplify the structure of the OBC circuit.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an OBC circuit, which includes a primary side circuit, a first secondary side circuit, and a second secondary side circuit.
  • the primary side circuit is respectively magnetically coupled with the first secondary side circuit and the second secondary side circuit; wherein, the primary side circuit is used to provide the first AC power to the first secondary side circuit and the second AC power to the second secondary side circuit respectively , And the frequency of the first AC power and the second AC power are the same;
  • the second secondary circuit includes: a first secondary winding, a first switching tube, a first diode, a second secondary winding, a second switching tube and The second diode, the first DC terminal and the second DC terminal.
  • the first end of the first secondary winding is coupled with the first electrode of the first switch tube, the second end of the first secondary winding is respectively coupled with the second DC end and the first end of the second secondary winding, the first switch
  • the second electrode of the tube is coupled with the anode of the first diode, the cathode of the first diode is coupled with the first DC terminal, and the anode of the body diode of the first switch tube is coupled with the anode of the first diode;
  • the second end of the two secondary windings is coupled with the first electrode of the second switching tube, the second electrode of the second switching tube is coupled with the anode of the second diode, and the cathode of the second diode is coupled with the first diode
  • the anode of the body diode of the second switch tube is coupled with the anode of the second diode.
  • the primary AC power provided by the primary circuit can be rectified and regulated by controlling the conduction and disconnection of the first switching tube and the second switching tube.
  • the primary AC power when the primary AC power is in the positive half cycle, the first end of the first secondary winding is at a high potential, and the body diode of the first switching tube is in an off state, so that the phase can be achieved by controlling the on time of the first switching tube. Control voltage regulation.
  • the second diode is in the off state, which can prevent the electric energy released by the first secondary winding from being released to the second secondary winding through the body diode of the second switching tube, thereby helping to prevent the introduction of the switching tube. Additional loss.
  • the second end of the second secondary winding is at a high potential, and the same principle is the same as the above, and it will not be repeated.
  • the first switching tube and the second switching tube are turned on and off alternately to achieve rectification. It can be seen that the second secondary side circuit provided by the embodiment of the present application can realize rectification and voltage regulation, and the structure of the second secondary side circuit is better, which is beneficial to reduce the loss of the OBC charger.
  • the OBC circuit provided by the embodiments of the present application is suitable for phase-controlled voltage regulation, and therefore can be applied to a wider frequency range.
  • the second secondary circuit further includes a filter capacitor and a filter inductor; one end of the filter inductor is coupled with the cathode of the first diode, and the other end of the filter inductor is respectively connected to the first DC terminal and the filter inductor.
  • the first electrode of the capacitor is coupled, and the second electrode of the filter capacitor is coupled with the ground circuit.
  • the filter capacitor and the filter inductor can filter the second DC power, reduce the voltage wave of the second DC power, and help improve the output effect of the second secondary circuit.
  • the first diode is the body diode of the third switching tube
  • the first electrode of the third switching tube is coupled with the second electrode of the first switching tube
  • the second electrode of the third switching tube is Coupled with the first DC terminal
  • the second diode is the body diode of the fourth switching tube, the first electrode of the fourth switching tube is coupled with the second electrode of the second switching tube, and the second electrode of the fourth switching tube is coupled with the cathode of the first diode .
  • the third switch tube and the fourth switch tube can also realize the cut-off function. After the first switching tube is turned on, the third switching tube is turned on, so that the electric energy of the first secondary winding can be output through the channel of the third switching tube, which is beneficial to reduce the loss of the second secondary circuit. Similarly, after the second switching tube is turned on, the fourth switching tube is turned on, so that the electric energy of the second secondary winding can be output through the channel of the fourth switching tube, which is also beneficial to reduce the loss of the second secondary circuit.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide an on-board charging OBC charger, the OBC charger includes: a control circuit and the OBC circuit provided in the above first aspect, the control circuit and the primary circuit in the OBC circuit and The first secondary circuit is coupled.
  • control circuit is used to: in the first time period of the current first cycle, control the primary side circuit to generate positive half-period electric energy of the primary AC power, and in the second time period of the current first cycle, control the primary side circuit Generate the negative half-cycle power of the primary AC power; control the first secondary circuit to convert the first AC power obtained from the primary circuit into the first DC power, and the first AC power is part of the primary AC power; control The circuit is also respectively coupled with the control electrode of the first switch tube and the control electrode of the second switch tube in the second secondary circuit.
  • the control circuit is also used to: turn on the first switch at the first time point in the first time period Tube, the first time point and the initial time point of the first time period are separated by a first time delay, and the first time delay is used to adjust the voltage value of the second DC power output by the second secondary circuit;
  • the first switch tube is turned off, and the second time point is no later than the initial time point of the first time period in the next first cycle;
  • the second time point is turned on Two switching tubes, the third time point is separated from the initial time point of the second time period by a second time delay, and the second time delay is used to adjust the voltage value of the second DC power;
  • the fourth time point after the third time point The second switch tube is turned off, and the fourth time point is no later than the initial time point of the second time period in the next first cycle.
  • control circuit may adopt a phase-controlled voltage regulation method, that is, the voltage value of the second direct current electric energy is adjusted through the first time delay and the second time delay.
  • the phase-controlled voltage regulation can be better applied to the AC voltage regulation scenario, which is beneficial to reduce the voltage wave of the obtained second DC electric energy and improve the output effect of the second secondary circuit as a whole.
  • the second time point is not earlier than the third time point, and/or the fourth time point is not earlier than the first time point in the next first cycle.
  • the first diode is the body diode of the third switching tube, the first electrode of the third switching tube is coupled with the second electrode of the first switching tube, and the second electrode of the third switching tube is Coupled with the first DC terminal;
  • the control circuit is also used to: turn on the third switching tube at the first time point, and disconnect the third switching tube at the fifth time point after the first time point, and the fifth time point No earlier than the end time point of the first time period and no later than the third time point;
  • the second diode is the body diode of the fourth switching tube, and the first electrode of the fourth switching tube is connected to the second The second electrode of the switching tube is coupled, and the second electrode of the fourth switching tube is coupled with the cathode of the first diode;
  • the control circuit is also used to: turn on the fourth switching tube at the third time point, and at the fourth time
  • the fourth switch tube is turned off at the sixth time point after the 1st point, and the sixth time point is no earlier than the end time point of the second time period
  • the third switch tube or the fourth switch tube is turned on, and the electric energy can be passed through the third switch tube or the fourth switch tube.
  • the channel transmission is beneficial to reduce the loss of the second secondary circuit.
  • the first diode is the body diode of the third switching tube, the first electrode of the third switching tube is coupled with the second electrode of the first switching tube, and the second electrode of the third switching tube is Coupled with the first DC terminal;
  • the OBC charger also includes a first logic circuit, the first logic circuit is respectively coupled with the first electrode, the second electrode and the control electrode of the third switch tube; the first logic circuit is used for detecting respectively When the voltage of the first electrode and the second electrode of the third switch tube is higher than the voltage of the second electrode, the third switch tube is turned on; and/or, the second diode is the fourth switch The body diode of the fourth switching tube is coupled with the second electrode of the second switching tube, and the second electrode of the fourth switching tube is coupled with the cathode of the first diode;
  • the OBC charger also includes a second logic The second logic circuit is respectively coupled with the first electrode, the second electrode and the control electrode of the fourth switch tube; the second logic circuit is used to detect the voltage of the first electrode and the second electrode of
  • the first logic circuit to monitor the relative magnitude relationship between the voltage of the first electrode and the voltage of the second electrode of the third switch tube can more accurately determine the on or off state of the body diode of the third switch. In this case, controlling the on and off of the third switch tube is beneficial to improve the circuit safety of the second secondary circuit.
  • the second logic circuit has the same principle, and will not be repeated here.
  • the OBC charger also includes a power calibration PFC circuit, the PFC circuit is coupled with the primary circuit; the PFC circuit is used to receive the charging power in the form of alternating current, and perform power calibration on the charging power. After the power is calibrated The charging power of the primary side is converted into the primary side DC power, and the primary side DC power is provided to the primary side circuit; the primary side circuit is specifically used to: convert the primary side DC power into the primary side AC power and combine the primary side AC power The first AC power is provided to the first secondary side circuit, and the second AC power in the primary side AC power is provided to the second secondary side circuit.
  • a power calibration PFC circuit the PFC circuit is coupled with the primary circuit; the PFC circuit is used to receive the charging power in the form of alternating current, and perform power calibration on the charging power. After the power is calibrated The charging power of the primary side is converted into the primary side DC power, and the primary side DC power is provided to the primary side circuit; the primary side circuit is specifically used to: convert the primary side DC power into the primary side AC
  • control circuit is also used to: in the third time period of the current second cycle, control the first secondary side circuit to generate the positive half-cycle power of the secondary side AC power, and in the current second cycle In the fourth time period, the first secondary side circuit is controlled to generate negative half-cycle electrical energy of the secondary side AC power; at the seventh time point in the third time period, the first switch tube is turned on, the seventh time point and the third time period The initial time point is separated by a third time delay, and the third time delay is used to adjust the voltage value of the second DC power output from the second secondary circuit; at the eighth time point after the seventh time point, the first switch tube is turned off , The eighth time point is no later than the initial time point of the third time period in the next second cycle; at the ninth time point in the fourth time period, the second switch tube is turned on, and the ninth time point is connected to the fourth time point.
  • the initial time point of the time period is separated by a fourth time delay.
  • the fourth time delay is used to adjust the voltage value of the second DC power output from the second secondary circuit; at the tenth time point after the ninth time point, the second time delay is turned off.
  • the switch tube, the tenth time point is no later than the initial time point of the fourth time period in the next second cycle.
  • the OBC charger provided in the embodiments of the present application is also applicable to scenarios where a power battery supplies power to a low-voltage load.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a new energy vehicle, the new energy vehicle including: a power battery, a low-voltage load, a motor, wheels, and the OBC charger provided in any one of the above-mentioned second aspects; wherein the power The battery is coupled to the first secondary circuit in the OBC charger, the positive pole of the low-voltage load is coupled to the first DC terminal of the second secondary circuit in the OBC charger, and the negative pole of the low-voltage load is coupled to the second DC of the second secondary circuit. End coupling; OBC charger, used to provide the first DC power for the power battery, and second DC power for the low-voltage load; the power battery, used to drive the motor; the motor used to drive the wheels to rotate.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a charging pile, which includes a power supply circuit and a charging gun; wherein the charging gun is used to couple with the OBC charger provided in any one of the above second aspects; the power supply circuit , Used to power the OBC charger through the charging gun.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a charging control method that can be used to control the OBC circuit provided in the first aspect above.
  • the method includes: controlling the OBC circuit in the first period of the current first period
  • the primary side circuit generates the positive half-cycle power of the primary side AC power.
  • the primary side circuit is controlled to generate the negative half-cycle power of the primary side AC power;
  • the first secondary side circuit is controlled from the primary side
  • the first AC power obtained by the circuit is converted into the first DC power.
  • the first AC power is part of the primary AC power; at the first time point in the first time period, the first switch tube is turned on for the first time
  • the first time delay is separated from the initial time point of the first time period.
  • the first time delay is used to adjust the voltage value of the second DC power output by the second secondary circuit; at the second time point after the first time point, Turn off the first switching tube, and the second time point is no later than the initial time point of the first time period in the next first cycle; at the third time point in the second time period, the second switching tube is turned on. There is a second time delay between the three time points and the initial time point of the second time period.
  • the second time delay is used to adjust the voltage value of the second DC power; at the fourth time point after the third time point, the second switch is turned off Regardless, the fourth time point is no later than the initial time point of the second time period in the next first cycle.
  • the second time point is not earlier than the third time point, and/or the fourth time point is not earlier than the first time point in the next first cycle.
  • the first diode is the body diode of the third switching tube
  • the first electrode of the third switching tube is coupled with the second electrode of the first switching tube
  • the second electrode of the third switching tube is Coupled with the first DC terminal
  • the method further includes: turning on the third switching tube at the first time point, and turning off the third switching tube at a fifth time point after the first time point, and not at the fifth time point.
  • the second diode is the body diode of the fourth switching tube, and the first electrode of the fourth switching tube and the second switch The second electrode of the tube is coupled, and the second electrode of the fourth switching tube is coupled to the cathode of the first diode; the method further includes: turning on the fourth switching tube at the third time point, and after the fourth time point The fourth switch tube is turned off at the sixth time point of, and the sixth time point is no earlier than the end time point of the second time period, and no later than the first time point of the next first cycle.
  • the method further includes: controlling the first secondary circuit to generate the positive half-period electrical energy of the secondary AC electrical energy during the third time period of the current second cycle, and in the first period of the current second cycle In the fourth time period, the first secondary side circuit is controlled to generate negative half-period electrical energy of the secondary side AC power; at the seventh time point in the third time period, the first switch tube is turned on, and the seventh time point and the third time period The initial time point is separated by a third time delay, and the third time delay is used to adjust the voltage value of the second DC power output from the second secondary circuit; at the eighth time point after the seventh time point, the first switch tube is turned off, The eighth time point is no later than the initial time point of the third time period in the next second cycle; at the ninth time point in the fourth time period, the second switch tube is turned on, the ninth time point and the fourth time point The initial time point of the segment is separated by a fourth time delay, and the fourth time delay is used to adjust the voltage value of the second DC power output
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the system structure of a new energy vehicle
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an OBC charger
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an OBC circuit structure provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 4 is a timing diagram of various control signals in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second secondary circuit provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a second secondary circuit provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a second secondary circuit provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • Coupled in the embodiments of this application refers to the energy transfer relationship.
  • the coupling of A and B means that energy can be transferred between A and B.
  • energy can be transferred between A and B.
  • electric energy can be transferred between A and B, it is reflected in the circuit connection relationship, that is, A and B can be directly electrically connected, or indirectly electrically connected through other conductors or circuit elements.
  • the magnetic field potential energy can be transferred between A and B, it is reflected in the circuit connection relationship, that is, electromagnetic induction can occur between A and B, so that the magnetic field potential energy can be transferred from A to B.
  • Magnetic coupling specifically refers to the scenario where energy can be transferred between A and B through a magnetic field.
  • Fig. 1 exemplarily shows a schematic diagram of the system structure of a new energy vehicle.
  • a new energy vehicle mainly includes an on-board charging OBC charger 100, a low-voltage load 200, a power battery 300, a motor 400, and wheels 500.
  • the power battery 300 is a large-capacity, high-power storage battery.
  • the low-voltage load 200 is a functional circuit or on-board equipment inside the vehicle (new energy vehicle), and the rated voltage of the low-voltage load 200 is much lower than the rated voltage of the power battery 300.
  • the low-voltage load 200 may include, but is not limited to, a lead-acid battery, a car radio, a car navigator, etc. in a new energy vehicle, which are not listed in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the power battery 300 can drive the motor 400 to work, and the motor 400 in turn drives the wheels 500 to rotate, thereby realizing the movement of the vehicle.
  • the power battery 300 can also supply power to the low-voltage load 200 through the OBC charger 100, or can also supply power to the external load of the new energy vehicle (such as another new energy vehicle) through the OBC charger 100.
  • charging piles When charging a new energy vehicle, it is generally possible to charge the new energy vehicle through a charging pile. Similar to the relationship between gas stations and conventional cars, charging piles can "refuel" new energy vehicles, that is, they can charge new energy vehicles.
  • the charging pile mainly includes a power supply circuit and a charging gun.
  • One end of the power circuit is coupled with the power frequency grid, and the other end is coupled with the charging gun through a cable.
  • the power supply circuit can use the power frequency power grid as an AC power source, receive the AC power provided by the power frequency power grid, and convert the received AC power into charging electrical energy compatible with new energy vehicles.
  • the operator can insert the charging gun into the charging socket of the new energy vehicle to couple the charging gun with the OBC charger 100 inside the vehicle, and the power circuit of the charging pile can then provide charging power to the OBC charger 100 through the charging gun.
  • the OBC charger 100 provides a part of the received charging electric energy to the power battery 300, and the power battery 300 then stores the part of the electric energy.
  • the OBC charger 100 can also provide another part of the received charging electric energy to the low-voltage load 200 for use by the low-voltage load 200.
  • the lead-acid battery in the low-voltage load 200 can store this part of the electric energy.
  • the car radio can also use this part of the electric energy to work.
  • the OBC charger 100 in a new energy vehicle has at least two working modes: a charging mode and a discharging mode.
  • the charging mode the OBC charger 100 receives the charging power provided by the charging pile, and provides the received charging power to the low-voltage load 200 and the power battery 300 respectively.
  • the discharge mode the OBC charger 100 receives the battery power provided by the power battery 300 and provides the battery power to the low-voltage load 200.
  • the OBC charger 100 can also provide the battery power provided by the power battery 300 to the vehicle. External load.
  • FIG. 2 exemplarily shows a schematic structural diagram of an OBC charger 100.
  • the OBC charger 100 mainly includes a control circuit 101 and an OBC circuit 102.
  • the OBC circuit 102 mainly includes a primary side circuit 1021, a first secondary side circuit 1022, and a second secondary side circuit 1023 that are magnetically coupled between the two. That is, the primary side circuit 1021 is connected to the first secondary side circuit 1022 and the first secondary side circuit 1022, respectively.
  • the second secondary circuit 1023 is magnetically coupled, and the first secondary circuit 1022 is magnetically coupled with the primary circuit 1021 and the second secondary circuit 1023 respectively.
  • the control circuit 101 can be a microprocessor (microcontroller unit, MCU) inside the OBC charger 100.
  • the control circuit 101 is respectively coupled with the primary circuit 1021, the first secondary circuit 1022, and the second secondary circuit 1023.
  • the control circuit 101 can Various control signals are generated to control the operations of the primary side circuit 1021, the first secondary side circuit 1022, and the second secondary side circuit 1023, respectively.
  • the OBC charger 100 may also include a power factor correction (PFC) circuit 103.
  • the PFC circuit 103 may receive charging power in the form of alternating current. Under the control of the control circuit 101, the PFC circuit 103 The power calibration can be performed on the charging electric energy in the form of alternating current, the charging electric energy after the power calibration is converted into the primary DC electric energy, and the primary DC electric energy is provided to the primary circuit 1021.
  • PFC power factor correction
  • the power circuit of the charging pile in FIG. 1 can also convert the received AC power into DC charging power, and provide the DC charging power to the OBC charger 100.
  • the OBC charger 100 may also include a power distribution circuit (not shown in FIG. 2).
  • the first end of the power distribution circuit is used to receive charging electric energy, and the charging electric energy can be in the form of direct current or alternating current.
  • the second end of the power distribution circuit is coupled with the PFC circuit 103, and the third end is coupled with the primary circuit 1021.
  • the power distribution circuit can provide the charging power in the form of direct current as the primary DC power to the primary circuit 1021, and provide the charging power in the form of alternating current to the PFC circuit 103, and the PFC circuit 103 converts the charging power in the form of alternating current to the PFC circuit 103.
  • the charging electric energy is converted into the primary DC electric energy and then provided to the primary circuit 1021.
  • a power distribution circuit is provided in the OBC charger 100, so that the new energy vehicle can be used not only with an AC charging pile, but also with a DC charging pile, so that the charging of the new energy vehicle can be more convenient.
  • the OBC circuit 102 can receive the primary DC power from the PFC circuit 103 or the power distribution circuit, provide a part of the DC power to the power battery 300, and provide another part of the DC power to the low-voltage load 200.
  • the low-voltage load 200 can be a low-voltage battery 201 (such as a lead-acid battery), or a vehicle-mounted functional circuit 202 (such as a car audio, a car radio, a car navigator, etc.).
  • FIG. 3 exemplarily shows a schematic structural diagram of an OBC circuit 102 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the primary side circuit 1021, the first secondary side circuit 1022, and the second secondary side circuit 1023 in the OBC circuit 102 are further described.
  • the primary side circuit 1021 can convert the received primary side DC power into the primary side AC power under the control of the control circuit 101.
  • the primary circuit 1021 mainly includes a switching tube S1, a switching tube S2, a switching tube S3, a switching tube S4, and a primary winding L1.
  • it may also include a capacitor Cr1, an inductor At least one of Lr1.
  • the switching tube S1, the switching tube S2, the switching tube S3, and the switching tube S4 form a bridge rectifier circuit structure.
  • the first electrode of the switching tube S1 is respectively coupled with the first electrode of the switching tube S3 and the first DC terminal of the PFC circuit 103
  • the second electrode of the switching tube S1 is respectively coupled with the first electrode and the capacitor of the switching tube S2.
  • the first electrode of Cr1 is coupled; the second electrode of the capacitor Cr1 is coupled to the first end of the inductor Lr1; the second end of the inductor Lr1 is coupled to the first end of the primary winding L1; the second electrode of the switch S3 is respectively coupled to the primary
  • the second end of the winding L1 is coupled with the first electrode of the switching tube S4; the second electrode of the switching tube S2 is respectively coupled with the second electrode of the switching tube S4 and the second DC terminal of the PFC circuit 103.
  • the control electrode of the switching tube S1, the control electrode of the switching tube S2, the control electrode of the switching tube S3, and the control electrode of the switching tube S4 are all coupled with the control circuit 101, respectively.
  • the low-voltage terminal can be coupled with the ground circuit, that is, the low-voltage terminal is at zero potential.
  • the second DC terminal is a low voltage terminal
  • the second DC terminal may be coupled with the ground circuit of the OBC charger 100, that is, the second DC terminal has a zero potential.
  • the second electrode of the switching tube S2 and the second electrode of the switching tube S4 can also be coupled with the ground circuit, that is, the second electrode of the switching tube S2 and the second electrode of the switching tube S4 can pass through the grounding circuit Indirectly coupled with the PFC circuit 103.
  • the DC terminal of the first secondary circuit 1022 is the same as the DC terminal of the second secondary circuit 1023, which will not be repeated in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the control circuit 101 can control the primary side circuit 1021 to convert the primary side DC power into the primary side AC power with a certain period (frequency) by sending periodic primary side control signals.
  • each switch of the primary side circuit 1021 in FIG. 3 is an N-channel metal oxide semiconductor (NMOS) transistor.
  • NMOS metal oxide semiconductor
  • Fig. 4 exemplarily shows a timing diagram of various control signals in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the control signal C1 is used to control the on and off of the switching tube S1 and the switching tube S4; the control signal C2 is used to control the on and off of the switching tube S2 and the switching tube S3.
  • the control signals C1 and C2 are complementary signals, that is, the control signals C1 and C2 have the same cycle duration T and the same duty cycle (t/T), but the two control signals C1 and C2 The high-level time periods t do not overlap each other.
  • the time period between the rising edge and the falling edge of the control signal C1 is represented by the first time period
  • the time period between the rising edge and the falling edge of the control signal C2 is represented by the second time period
  • the control signals C1 and C2 are reflected in the on and off of the switching tubes S1 to S4, that is: the switching tubes S1 and S4 are turned on synchronously in the first time period, and the switching tubes S2 and S3 are turned off synchronously; in the second time period In the segment, the switching tubes S1 and S4 are turned off synchronously, and the switching tubes S2 and S3 are turned on synchronously.
  • the current output by the PFC circuit 103 flows from the switching tube S1 to the switching tube S4, that is, from the first end of the primary winding to the second end, thereby generating the primary side The positive half-cycle energy of AC power; during the conduction period of the switching tubes S2 and S3 (the second time period), the current output by the PFC circuit 103 flows from the switching tube S3 to the switching tube S2, that is, from the second end of the primary winding to The first end, thereby generating the negative half cycle of the primary AC power.
  • the control circuit 101 alternately conducts and disconnects with the switching tubes S2 and S3, so that the direction of the current at the primary winding is alternately changed, thereby obtaining the primary AC at the primary winding.
  • Electrical energy The voltage transformation of the primary AC (energy) can be shown in Figure 4.
  • the first secondary circuit 1022 includes a secondary winding L2
  • the second secondary circuit 1023 includes secondary windings L3 and L4.
  • the primary circuit 1021 is magnetically coupled with the first secondary circuit 1022 and the second secondary circuit 1023, mainly through the magnetic coupling of the primary winding L1 with the secondary winding L2, the secondary winding L3, and the secondary winding L4. . Therefore, the primary AC power generated by the primary circuit 1021 at the primary winding L1 can be transferred to the secondary winding L2, the secondary winding L3, and the secondary winding L4 through electromagnetic induction, respectively.
  • the first secondary circuit 1022 can receive part of the primary AC power provided by the primary circuit 1021, that is, the first AC power. Under the control of the control circuit 101, the first secondary circuit 1022 can convert the first AC power into the first DC power, and the first DC power can be used to charge the power battery 300.
  • the first DC terminal of the first secondary circuit 1022 is coupled with the positive pole of the power battery 300, and the second DC terminal is coupled with the negative pole of the power battery 300.
  • the first secondary side circuit 1022 mainly includes a switching tube S5, a switching tube S6, a switching tube S7, a switching tube S8, and a secondary winding L2.
  • the first secondary circuit 1022 may further include one or more of the capacitor Cr2, the inductor Lr2, and the capacitor Cf1.
  • the first electrode of the switching tube S5 is coupled with the first electrode of the switching tube S7, and the second electrode of the switching tube S5 is respectively coupled with the second end of the secondary winding L2 and the first electrode of the switching tube S6; the secondary winding L2
  • the first end of and the first end of the primary winding L1 are mutually homonymous, and the first end of the secondary winding L2 is coupled to the first end of the inductor Lr2; the second end of the inductor Lr2 is coupled to the first electrode of the capacitor Cr2 ,
  • the second electrode of the capacitor Cr2 is coupled with the second electrode of the switching tube S7;
  • the first electrode of the switching tube S7 is coupled with the first DC terminal of the first secondary circuit 1022, and the second electrode of the switching tube S7 is coupled with the switching tube S8
  • the first electrode of the switch tube S6 and the second electrode of the switch tube S8 are coupled with the second DC terminal of the first secondary circuit 1022.
  • the capacitor Cf1 is connected in parallel between the
  • control signals C1 and C2 are determined by the control circuit 101 according to the output demand of the first secondary circuit 1022. That is to say, the control circuit 101 can adjust the voltage value of the first DC power output by the first secondary circuit 1022 by changing the cycle duration and the duty ratio of the control signals C1 and C2.
  • the switching tubes S5 to S8 in the first secondary circuit 1022 can be turned on and off synchronously with the switching tubes S1 to S4 in the primary circuit 1021.
  • the control signal C1 can also control the on and off of the switching tubes S6 and S7
  • the control signal C2 can also control the on and off of the switching tubes S5 and S8.
  • the switching tubes S7 and S6 are turned on synchronously.
  • the current in the primary winding flows from the first end to the second end, due to the electromagnetic coupling between the primary winding and the secondary winding L2, and the first end of the secondary winding L2 and the first end of the primary winding are mutually homonymous. Therefore, the current in the secondary winding L2 flows from the second end to the first end, that is, the current flows from the switching tube S6 to the switching tube S7, thereby forming the output path of the first secondary circuit 1022 in the first time period.
  • the switch tubes S5 and S8 are turned on synchronously.
  • the current in the primary winding flows from the second end to the first end, so the current in the secondary winding L2 flows from the first end to the second end, that is, the current flows from the switching tube S8 to the switching tube S5, thus forming the first secondary side
  • the output path of the circuit 1022 in the second time period is not limited.
  • control circuit 101 controls the switching tubes S5 and S8 through the control signals C1 and C2, and the switching tubes S6 and S7 are turned on and off alternately, so that the first secondary circuit 1022 will be obtained from the primary circuit 1021
  • the first AC power is converted into the first DC power and output.
  • the primary side circuit 1021 and the first secondary side circuit 1022 use the same control signal, which can realize synchronous rectification.
  • the primary side circuit 1021 generates the primary side AC power according to the output demand of the first secondary side circuit 1022, and provides the second AC power therein to the second secondary side circuit 1023.
  • the output demand of the second secondary circuit 1023 is often different from that of the first secondary circuit 1022.
  • the second secondary circuit 1023 not only needs to rectify the second AC power, but also needs to regulate the voltage of the second AC power to be applicable.
  • the second DC power to the low-voltage load 200 Therefore, the current circuit structure of the second secondary circuit 1023 is often too complicated, and further research is needed.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a circuit structure of the second secondary circuit 1023.
  • the circuit structure can realize rectification and voltage regulation through basic circuit elements such as transistors and diodes.
  • the circuit structure is simpler, which is not only conducive to reducing OBC
  • the production cost of the charger 100 is also conducive to improving the energy utilization efficiency of the OBC charger 100.
  • the second secondary circuit 1023 provided in the embodiment of the present application will be further described through the following embodiments.
  • FIG. 5 exemplarily shows a schematic structural diagram of a second secondary side circuit 1023 provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the second secondary circuit 1023 includes a first secondary winding (secondary winding L3), a first switch tube (switch tube SR11), a first diode (diode D1), and a second secondary winding (Secondary winding L4), a second switch tube (switch tube SR21), a second diode (diode D2), a first DC terminal P1 and a second DC terminal P2.
  • the first DC terminal P1 of the second secondary circuit 1023 is coupled with the positive pole of the low-voltage load 200
  • the second DC terminal P2 of the second secondary circuit 1023 is coupled with the negative pole of the low-voltage load 200
  • the second secondary circuit 1023 can The second DC power is provided to the low-voltage load 200 through the first DC terminal P1 and the second DC terminal P2.
  • the first end of the secondary winding L3 is coupled with the first electrode of the switch tube SR11, and the second end of the secondary winding L3 is respectively coupled with the second DC terminal P2 and the first end of the secondary winding L4,
  • the second electrode of the switching tube SR11 is coupled to the anode of the diode D1
  • the cathode of the diode D1 is coupled to the first DC terminal P1
  • the anode of the body diode of the switching tube SR11 is coupled to the anode of the diode D1
  • the second terminal of the secondary winding L4 Coupled with the first electrode of the switch SR21 the second electrode of the switch SR21 is coupled with the anode of the diode D2
  • the cathode of the diode D2 is coupled with the cathode of the diode D1
  • the anode of the body diode of the switch SR21 is coupled with the anode of the diode D2.
  • Fig. 5 also includes a leakage inductance Lk1, which is an equivalent inductance.
  • the leakage inductance Lk1 and the secondary winding L3 belong to the same coil (winding), and the leakage inductance Lk2 is the same, and will not be repeated here.
  • the control circuit 101 can control the on and off of the switch tube SR11 by the control signal C11 in FIG. 4, and control by the control signal C21 The switch tube SR21 is turned on and off.
  • the duration of the cycle T1 is T.
  • the period T2 is the next period of the period T1.
  • the first time period is between ta and tb
  • the second time period is between tc and td.
  • the current in the primary winding flows from the first end of the primary winding to the second end.
  • the second time period the current in the primary winding flows from the second end of the primary winding to the first end.
  • the control circuit 101 turns on the switch SR11 through the control signal C11.
  • the solid arrow indicates the direction of current flow in the second secondary circuit 1023 after the time point t1
  • the solid line cross indicates that the diode D2 is turned off after the time point t1.
  • the control circuit 101 turns on the switch SR21 through the control signal C21.
  • the dashed arrow indicates the direction of current flow in the second secondary circuit 1023 after the time point t3
  • the dashed cross mark indicates that the diode D1 is turned off after the time point t1.
  • the secondary winding L4 forms an output loop with the first DC terminal P1 and the second DC terminal P2, so that the secondary winding L4 can be obtained from the primary winding L1 AC power output of the negative half cycle.
  • the second AC power obtained from the primary winding can be converted into the second DC power, that is, rectified.
  • the control circuit 101 can adjust the voltage of the second DC power by adjusting the length of the first time delay, that is, phase-controlled voltage regulation.
  • the presence of the body diode in the switch SR21 enables the control circuit 101 to adjust the voltage of the second DC power by adjusting the length of the second time delay between the time point t3 and the time point tc.
  • the positive half cycle and the negative half cycle of the primary AC electric energy have the same time length and voltage amplitude, so the first time delay and the second time delay usually have the same time length.
  • the control circuit 101 The switch SR11 needs to be turned off before the first time period of the period T2, that is, the time point t2 is not later than the initial time point of the first time period in the period T2, where the initial time of the first time period in the period T2
  • the point can also be understood as the time point t1 in the period T2, which is separated from the time point t1 in the period T1 by the period duration T.
  • the control circuit 101 may turn off the switch SR11 when the switch SR21 is turned on or after the switch SR21 is turned on, that is, the time point t2 may be the time point t3 or the time after the time point t3 Point, the time point t2 is not earlier than the time point t3.
  • the time point t2 is a time point after the time point t3, during the time point from the time point t3 to the time point t2, the switch transistor SR11 and the switch transistor SR21 are both turned on.
  • the time point t2 when the control circuit 101 turns off the switch SR11 can be the time point t3, or the time point t1 in the period T2, or any time between the time point t3 and the time point t1 in the period T2. point.
  • the time point t4 when the control circuit 101 turns off the switch SR21 can be the time point when SR11 is turned on in the period T2 (the time point t1 in the period T2), or it can be the initial of the second time period in the period T2.
  • the embodiment of the present application implements rectification and voltage regulation through two switch tubes (switch tubes SR11 and SR21) and two diodes (diodes D1 and D2) in the second secondary circuit 1023. Moreover, even if the cycle of the primary AC power changes, the control circuit 101 can adjust the time length of the first time delay and the second time delay to adjust the voltage of the second DC power simultaneously, so that the second DC power can be kept constant. Suitable for low voltage load 200.
  • the second secondary circuit 1023 provided by the embodiment of the present application has a simple structure, which is beneficial to reduce the cost of the OBC charger 100 and improve the energy utilization efficiency of the OBC charger 100, and the frequency range of the second secondary circuit 1023 It is wider and can be adjusted adaptively according to the cycle (frequency) change of the primary AC power.
  • the second secondary circuit 1023 may also include a filter inductor Lb (L.buck) and a filter capacitor Cf2.
  • the first terminal of the filter inductor L.buck is coupled with the cathode of the diode D1
  • the second terminal of the filter inductor L.buck is respectively coupled with the first electrode of the filter capacitor Cf2 and the first DC terminal P1 of the second secondary circuit 1023.
  • the second electrode of the filter capacitor Cf2 is coupled with the ground circuit.
  • the filter inductor L.buck and the filter capacitor Cf2 can further filter the second DC power, thereby reducing the voltage wave of the second DC power provided to the low-voltage load 200.
  • the diode D1 is mainly used to prevent the negative half-cycle power of the primary AC power from being reversely released to the secondary winding L3, and the diode D2 is mainly used to prevent the positive half-cycle power of the primary AC power from being reversed. Release to the secondary winding L4.
  • the switch tubes SR12 and SR22 can also be used to simulate the diode D1 and the diode D2 to achieve the effect of further reducing the loss.
  • the diode D1 and the diode D2 may be the body diodes of the switching tube SR12 and the switching tube SR22, respectively.
  • the diode D1 may be the body diode of the switching tube SR12
  • the first electrode of the switching tube SR12 is coupled with the second electrode of the switching tube SR11
  • the second electrode of the switching tube SR12 is connected to the first straight line of the second secondary circuit 1023.
  • the flow terminal P1 is coupled.
  • the diode D2 may be the body diode of the switching tube SR22, the first electrode of the switching tube 22 is coupled with the second electrode of the switching tube SR21, and the second electrode of the switching tube SR22 is coupled with the second DC terminal P2 of the second secondary circuit 1023.
  • the switch tube SR21 and the switch tube SR22 have at least the following two control modes:
  • control circuit 101 is respectively coupled with the control electrode of the switch tube SR12 and the control electrode of the switch tube SR22, and the control circuit 101 can be controlled by the control signal C12 shown in FIG. 4
  • the switching tube SR12 is turned on and off, and the switching tube SR22 is turned on and off by the control signal C22.
  • the control circuit 101 may turn on the switch SR12 at time t1 (the rising edge of the control signal C12), that is, the control circuit 101 turns on the switch SR11 at the time t1 at the same time. And the switch tube SR12, so as to maintain the phase control voltage regulation function of the first time delay.
  • the control circuit 101 can turn off the switch SR12 at the time point t5 (the falling edge of the control signal C12).
  • the time point t5 may be the time point t3, the time point tb, or any time point between the time point t3 and the time point tb.
  • the control circuit 101 needs to turn on the switching tube SR11 and the switching tube SR12 at the same time, and keep the switching tube SR12 turned on before the end of the first time period (time point tb). After the switching tube SR21 is turned on, the switching tube SR12 needs to be kept off to prevent the negative half-cycle AC power from being reversely released to the secondary winding L3. Therefore, the control circuit 101 needs to be turned on when the switching tube SR12 is turned on (time t3). ) Disconnect the switch SR12 before.
  • control circuit 101 turns off the switch SR12 at the time point t3, or the time point tb, or any time point between the time point t3 and the time point tb, and the switching transistors SR12 and SR22 can be used to imitate the diodes D1 and D2. Function and reduce the loss of the second secondary circuit 1023.
  • the control circuit 101 can simultaneously turn on the switching tube SR21 and the switching tube SR22 at the time point t3, so that the phase-controlled voltage regulation function of the first time delay can be maintained.
  • the control circuit 101 can turn off the switch SR22 at the time point t6 (the falling edge of the control signal C22).
  • the time point t6 can be the time point t1 in the period T2, the time point at which the second time period ends in the period T1 (time point td), or the time point td in the period T1 and the time in the period T2. Any time between points t1. I won't repeat it here.
  • the OBC charger 100 may further include a first logic circuit 104 and a second logic circuit 105.
  • the first logic circuit 104 is respectively coupled with the first electrode, the second electrode and the control electrode of the switch tube SR12.
  • the first logic circuit 104 may be a synchronous rectification drive chip (drive logic).
  • the first logic circuit can respectively detect the voltages of the first electrode and the second electrode of the switching tube SR12, and when the voltage of the first electrode is higher than the voltage of the second electrode, the switching tube SR12 is turned on.
  • the control circuit 101 controls the switching tube SR11 to be turned on, which can increase the voltage of the first electrode of the switching tube SR12. Furthermore, the first logic circuit 104 detects that the voltage of the first electrode of the switching tube SR12 is higher than the voltage of the second electrode, thereby turning on the switching tube SR12, so that the electric energy in the secondary winding L3 can be output to the low-voltage load 200.
  • a voltage threshold may be preset in the first logic circuit 104, and the first logic circuit 104 determines that the voltage of the first electrode of the switch SR12 is greater than the voltage of the second electrode, and the voltage of the first electrode is greater than the voltage of the second electrode. After the voltage difference between the electrode voltages is greater than the voltage threshold, the switch SR12 is turned on, which helps prevent misjudgment caused by voltage fluctuations.
  • the control circuit 101 controls the switch tube SR21 to turn off.
  • the use of the first logic circuit to monitor the voltage conditions of the first electrode and the second electrode of the switch tube SR12 is beneficial to improve the circuit safety of the second secondary circuit 1023.
  • the second logic circuit 105 is respectively coupled with the first electrode, the second electrode, and the control electrode of the switch tube SR22, and the second logic circuit can respectively detect the first electrode and the second electrode of the switch tube SR22.
  • the switching tube SR22 is turned on.
  • the OBC circuit 102 and the OBC charger 100 provided in the present application have been described. It should be pointed out that the OBC circuit 102 and the OBC charger 100 provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to the discharge mode.
  • the power battery 300 can input battery power in the form of direct current to the first secondary circuit 1022.
  • the control circuit 101 can control the first secondary circuit 1022 to convert the battery power in the DC form into the battery power in the AC form.
  • the control circuit 101 can control the primary side circuit 1021 to output the battery power obtained from the first secondary side circuit 1022 to the external load of the new energy vehicle.
  • the specific implementation can refer to the prior art, which will not be repeated here.
  • the control circuit 101 can also control the second secondary side circuit 1023 to convert the battery power obtained from the first secondary side circuit 1022 into the second direct current power and provide the second direct current power to the low-voltage load 200.
  • the control signal C1 in FIG. 4 is a control signal for controlling the switching tubes S6 and S7 in the first secondary side circuit 1022
  • the control signal C2 is a control signal for controlling the switching tubes S5 and S8 in the first secondary side circuit 1022.
  • the control circuit 101 controls the first secondary circuit 1022 to generate secondary AC power through the control signal C1 and the control signal C2.
  • the second secondary circuit 1023 obtains the secondary AC power from the first secondary circuit 1022 and converts it into the second DC power.
  • the process is similar to the above-mentioned Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, which will not be repeated here.
  • embodiments of the present application provide a charging control method.
  • the charging control method can be used to control the OBC circuit provided in any of the above embodiments.
  • the charging control method can be applied to the control circuit in the OBC .
  • the charging control method provided by the embodiment of the present application mainly includes:
  • control the primary side circuit In the first time period of the current first cycle, control the primary side circuit to generate the positive half cycle of the primary AC power, and in the second time period of the current first cycle, control the primary side circuit to generate the negative half cycle of the primary AC power Electrical energy
  • Controlling the first secondary circuit to convert the first AC power obtained from the primary circuit into the first DC power, the first AC power being part of the power in the primary AC power;
  • the first switch is turned on, the first time point is separated from the initial time point of the first time period by a first time delay, and the first time delay is used to adjust the second secondary circuit The voltage value of the output second direct current electric energy;
  • the first switching tube is turned off, and the second time point is no later than the initial time point of the first time period in the next first cycle;
  • the second switching tube is turned on, and the third time point is separated from the initial time point of the second time period by a second time delay.
  • the second time delay is used to adjust the second DC power Voltage value
  • the second switch tube is turned off, and the fourth time point is no later than the initial time point of the second time period in the next first cycle.
  • the second time point is not earlier than the third time point, and/or the fourth time point is not earlier than the first time point in the next first cycle.
  • the first diode is the body diode of the third switching tube
  • the first electrode of the third switching tube is coupled with the second electrode of the first switching tube
  • the second electrode of the third switching tube is connected to the first direct current Terminal coupling
  • the third switching tube can be turned on at the first time point
  • the third switching tube can be turned off at the fifth time point after the first time point, and the fifth time point is not earlier than the first time point The end time point of the segment, and no later than the third time point.
  • the second diode can also be the body diode of the fourth switching tube, the first electrode of the fourth switching tube is coupled with the second electrode of the second switching tube, and the second electrode of the fourth switching tube is connected to the first and second electrodes.
  • the cathode of the pole tube is coupled.
  • the fourth switching tube can be turned on at the third time point, and the fourth switching tube can be turned off at the sixth time point after the fourth time point, which is no earlier than the sixth time point. The end time point of the second time period, and not later than the first time point of the next first cycle.
  • the control method provided in this application can also control the secondary side circuit.
  • the first secondary side circuit in the third time period of the current second cycle, can be controlled to generate the positive half-cycle electrical energy of the secondary side AC power, and in the fourth time period of the current second cycle, the first secondary side can be controlled
  • the circuit generates negative half-cycle power of the secondary AC power; at the seventh time point in the third time period, the first switch tube is turned on, and the seventh time point is separated from the initial time point of the third time period by a third time delay, The third time delay is used to adjust the voltage value of the second DC power output from the second secondary circuit; at the eighth time point after the seventh time point, the first switch tube is turned off, and the eighth time point is no later than the next In the second cycle, the initial time point of the third time period; at the ninth time point in the fourth time period, the second switch tube is turned on, and the ninth time point is separated from the initial time point of the fourth time period by the fourth hour Delay, the fourth delay is used to adjust the voltage value of the

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Abstract

一种OBC电路（102）、OBC充电器（100）、新能源汽车及充电桩，在OBC电路（102）中的第二副边电路（1023）主要包括第一开关管（SR11）、第二开关管（SR21）、第一二极管（D1）和第二二极管（D2）。通过控制第一开关管（SR11）和第二开关管（SR21）的导通及断开，可以实现整流及调压。该第二副边电路（1023）的结构简单，有利于简化OBC充电器（100）中OBC电路（102）结构。

Description

一种OBC电路、OBC充电器、新能源汽车及充电桩
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2019年09月23日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910899755.2、申请名称为“一种OBC电路、OBC充电器、新能源汽车及充电桩”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及新能源汽车技术领域，尤其涉及一种OBC电路、OBC充电器、新能源汽车及充电桩。
背景技术
随着新能源汽车的发展，车载充电(on board charger，OBC)充电器得到了越来越广泛的应用。OBC充电器主要包括OBC电路和驱动该OBC电路工作的控制电路。目前，OBC充电器多采用磁集成方案，即OBC电路中主要包括原边电路、第一副边电路和第二副边电路，且三个电路中两两之间磁耦合。控制电路可以根据第一副边电路的输出需求，控制原边电路将接收到的充电电能转换为具有特定频率的交流电能，并将其中的一部分交流电能提供给第一副边电路，将其中的另一部分交流电能提供给第二副边电路。控制电路还可以控制第一副边电路将接收到的交流电能转换为直流电能，该直流电能通常为高压电能，可以用于为新能源汽车的动力电池充电。控制电路还可以控制第二副边电路将接受到的交流电能转换为直流电能，该直流电能通常为低压电能，可以用于为新能源汽车中的低压电池(如铅酸蓄电池)或负载电路供电。
然而，OBC充电器中原边电路所提供的交流电能的频率主要受第一副边电路的输出需求影响，因此第二副边电路往往设计有复杂的电路结构，才可以将从原边电路获得的交流电能转换为适用于低压电池或负载电路的直流电能。
综上，目前的OBC充电器中OBC电路的结构较为复杂，因此还需要进一步研究。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本申请提供一种OBC电路、OBC充电器、新能源汽车及充电桩，在OBC电路中，通过第二副边电路的两个开关管和两个二极管可以实现整流及调压，该第二副边电路的结构简单，有利于简化OBC电路结构。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种OBC电路，其中包括原边电路、第一副边电路和第二副边电路。原边电路分别与第一副边电路和第二副边电路磁耦合；其中，原边电路用于分别向第一副边电路提供第一交流电能，向第二副边电路提供第二交流电能，且第一交流电能和第二交流电能的频率相同；第二副边电路包括：第一副边绕组、第一开关管、第一二极管、第二副边绕组、第二开关管和第二二极管，第一直流端和第二直流端。第一副边绕组的第一端与第一开关管的第一电极耦合，第一副边绕组的第二端分别与第二直流端和第二副边绕组的第一端耦合，第一开关管的第二电极与第一二极管的阳极耦合，第一二 极管的阴极与第一直流端耦合，第一开关管的体二极管的阳极与第一二极管的阳极耦合；第二副边绕组的第二端与第二开关管的第一电极耦合，第二开关管的第二电极与第二二极管的阳极耦合，第二二极管的阴极与第一二极管的阴极耦合，第二开关管的体二极管的阳极与第二二极管的阳极耦合。
基于上述OBC电路，通过控制第一开关管和第二开关管的导通和断开可以对原边电路提供的原边交流电能进行整流及调压。例如，在原边交流电能处于正半周期时，第一副边绕组的第一端为高电势，第一开关管的体二极管处于截止状态，使得可以通过控制第一开关管的导通时间实现相控调压。同时，第二二极管处于截止状态，可以防止第一副边绕组释放的电能经第二开关管的体二极管释放到第二副边绕组，从而有利于防止因开关管的引入而带来的额外损耗。在原边交流电能处于负半周期时，第二副边绕组的第二端为高电势，与上述同理，不再赘述。第一开关管和第二开关管交替导通和关闭便可以实现整流。由此可见，本申请实施例所提供的第二副边电路可以实现整流及调压，而且第二副边电路的结构更加，进而有利于降低OBC充电器的损耗。此外，本申请实施例所提供的OBC电路适用于相控调压方式，因此能够适用更宽的频率范围。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二副边电路还包括滤波电容和滤波电感；滤波电感的一端与第一二极管的阴极耦合，滤波电感的另一端分别与第一直流端和滤波电容的第一电极耦合，滤波电容的第二电极与接地电路耦合。
滤波电容和滤波电感可以对第二直流电能作滤波处理，降低第二直流电能的电压文波，有利于提高第二副边电路的输出效果。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一二极管为第三开关管的体二极管，第三开关管的第一电极与第一开关管的第二电极耦合，第三开关管的第二电极与第一直流端耦合；和/或，
第二二极管为第四开关管的体二极管，第四开关管的第一电极与第二开关管的第二电极耦合，第四开关管的第二电极与第一二极管的阴极耦合。
第三开关管和第四开关管同样可以实现截止功能。而在第一开关管导通后，导通第三开关管，可以使第一副边绕组的电能经第三开关管的沟道输出，有利于降低第二副边电路的损耗。同样的，在第二开关管导通后，导通第四开关管，可以使第二副边绕组的电能经第四开关管的沟道输出，同样有利于降低第二副边电路的损耗。
第二方面，本申请实施例还提供一种车载充电OBC充电器，该OBC充电器包括：控制电路和如上述第一方面所提供的OBC电路，控制电路分别与OBC电路中的原边电路和第一副边电路耦合。示例性的，控制电路用于：在当前第一周期的第一时间段，控制原边电路产生原边交流电能的正半周期电能，在当前第一周期的第二时间段，控制原边电路产生原边交流电能的负半周期电能；控制第一副边电路将从原边电路得到的第一交流电能转换为第一直流电能，第一交流电能为原边交流电能中的部分电能；控制电路还分别与第二副边电路中第一开关管的控制电极和第二开关管的控制电极耦合，控制电路还用于：在第一时间段内的第一时间点，导通第一开关管，第一时间点与第一时间段的初始时间点间隔第一时延，第一时延用于调节第二副边电路输出的第二直流电能的电压值；在第一时间点之后的第二时间点，断开第一开关管，第二时间点不晚于下一个第一周期中，第一时间段的初始时间点；在第二时间段内的第三时间点，导通第二开关管，第三时间点与第二时间段的初始时间点间隔第二时延，第二时延用于调节第二直流电能的电压值；在第三时间点之后的第四时间点，断开第二开关管，第四时间点不晚于下一个第一周期中，第二时间段 的初始时间点。
本申请实施例中，控制电路可以采用相控调压方式，即通过第一时延和第二时延调节第二直流电能的电压值。相控调压可以更好的适用于交流电调压场景，有利于减小所得到的第二直流电能的电压文波，从整体上提高第二副边电路的输出效果。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二时间点不早于第三时间点，和/或，第四时间点不早于下一个第一周期中的第一时间点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一二极管为第三开关管的体二极管，第三开关管的第一电极与第一开关管的第二电极耦合，第三开关管的第二电极与第一直流端耦合；控制电路，还用于：在第一时间点导通第三开关管，并在第一时间点之后的第五时间点断开第三开关管，第五时间点不早于第一时间段的结束时间点，且不晚于第三时间点；和/或，第二二极管为第四开关管的体二极管，第四开关管的第一电极与第二开关管的第二电极耦合，第四开关管的第二电极与第一二极管的阴极耦合；控制电路，还用于：在第三时间点导通第四开关管，并在第四时间点之后的第六时间点断开第四开关管，第六时间点不早于第二时间段的结束时间点，且不晚于下一个第一周期的第一时间点。
体二极管即使在导通状态，也存在一定的导通压降，因此在体二极管导通状态下导通第三开关管或第四开关管，可以使电能经第三开关管或第四开关管的沟道传输，有利于降低第二副边电路的损耗。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一二极管为第三开关管的体二极管，第三开关管的第一电极与第一开关管的第二电极耦合，第三开关管的第二电极与第一直流端耦合；OBC充电器还包括第一逻辑电路，第一逻辑电路分别与第三开关管的第一电极、第二电极和控制电极耦合；第一逻辑电路，用于分别检测第三开关管的第一电极和第二电极的电压，在第一电极的电压高于第二电极的电压时，导通第三开关管；和/或，第二二极管为第四开关管的体二极管，第四开关管的第一电极与第二开关管的第二电极耦合，第四开关管的第二电极与第一二极管的阴极耦合；OBC充电器还包括第二逻辑电路，第二逻辑电路分别与第四开关管的第一电极、第二电极和控制电极耦合；第二逻辑电路，用于分别检测第四开关管的第一电极和第二电极的电压，在第一电极的电压高于第二电极的电压时，导通第四开关管。
采用第一逻辑电路监控第三开关管的第一电极的电压和第二电极的电压之间的相对大小关系，可以较为准确地判断第三开关的体二极管的导通或截止状态。在此情况下控制第三开关管的导通和断开，有利于提高第二副边电路的电路安全。第二逻辑电路同理，不再赘述。
在一种可能的实现方式中，OBC充电器还包括功率校准PFC电路，PFC电路与原边电路耦合；PFC电路，用于接收交流电形式的充电电能，对充电电能进行功率校准，将功率校准后的充电电能转换为原边直流电能，并将原边直流电能提供给原边电路；原边电路，具体用于：将原边直流电能转换为原边交流电能，并将原边交流电能中的第一交流电能提供给第一副边电路，将原边交流电能中的第二交流电能提供给第二副边电路。
在一种可能的实现方式中，控制电路，还用于：在当前第二周期的第三时间段，控制第一副边电路产生副边交流电能的正半周期电能，在当前第二周期的第四时间段，控制第一副边电路产生副边交流电能的负半周期电能；在第三时间段内的第七时间点，导通第一开关管，第七时间点与第三时间段的初始时间点间隔第三时延，第三时延用于调节第二副边电路输出的第二直流电能的电压值；在第七时间点之后的第八时间点，断开第一开关管， 第八时间点不晚于下一个第二周期中，第三时间段的初始时间点；在第四时间段内的第九时间点，导通第二开关管，第九时间点与第四时间段的初始时间点间隔第四时延，第四时延用于调节第二副边电路输出的第二直流电能的电压值；在第九时间点之后的第十时间点，断开第二开关管，第十时间点不晚于下一个第二周期中，第四时间段的初始时间点。
本申请实施例所提供的OBC充电器同样适用于动力电池向低压负载供电的场景。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种新能源汽车，该新能源汽车包括：动力电池、低压负载、电机、车轮和如上述第二方面中任一项所提供的OBC充电器；其中，动力电池与OBC充电器中的第一副边电路耦合，低压负载的正极与OBC充电器中第二副边电路的第一直流端耦合，低压负载的负极与第二副边电路的第二直流端耦合；OBC充电器，用于为动力电池提供第一直流电能，为低压负载提供第二直流电能；动力电池，用于驱动电机；电机用于驱动车轮转动。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种充电桩，该充电桩包括电源电路和充电枪；其中，充电枪，用于与上述第二方面中任一项所提供的OBC充电器耦合；电源电路，用于通过充电枪为OBC充电器供电。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种充电控制方法，该充电控制方法可以用于控制上述第一方面所提供的OBC电路，所述方法包括：在当前第一周期的第一时间段，控制原边电路产生原边交流电能的正半周期电能，在当前第一周期的第二时间段，控制原边电路产生原边交流电能的负半周期电能；控制第一副边电路将从原边电路得到的第一交流电能转换为第一直流电能，第一交流电能为原边交流电能中的部分电能；在第一时间段内的第一时间点，导通第一开关管，第一时间点与第一时间段的初始时间点间隔第一时延，第一时延用于调节第二副边电路输出的第二直流电能的电压值；在第一时间点之后的第二时间点，断开第一开关管，第二时间点不晚于下一个第一周期中，第一时间段的初始时间点；在第二时间段内的第三时间点，导通第二开关管，第三时间点与第二时间段的初始时间点间隔第二时延，第二时延用于调节第二直流电能的电压值；在第三时间点之后的第四时间点，断开第二开关管，第四时间点不晚于下一个第一周期中，第二时间段的初始时间点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二时间点不早于第三时间点，和/或，第四时间点不早于下一个第一周期中的第一时间点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一二极管为第三开关管的体二极管，第三开关管的第一电极与第一开关管的第二电极耦合，第三开关管的第二电极与第一直流端耦合；所述方法还包括：在第一时间点导通第三开关管，并在第一时间点之后的第五时间点断开第三开关管，第五时间点不早于第一时间段的结束时间点，且不晚于第三时间点；和/或，第二二极管为第四开关管的体二极管，第四开关管的第一电极与第二开关管的第二电极耦合，第四开关管的第二电极与第一二极管的阴极耦合；所述方法还包括：在第三时间点导通第四开关管，并在第四时间点之后的第六时间点断开第四开关管，第六时间点不早于第二时间段的结束时间点，且不晚于下一个第一周期的第一时间点。
在一种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：在当前第二周期的第三时间段，控制第一副边电路产生副边交流电能的正半周期电能，在当前第二周期的第四时间段，控制第一副边电路产生副边交流电能的负半周期电能；在第三时间段内的第七时间点，导通第一开关管，第七时间点与第三时间段的初始时间点间隔第三时延，第三时延用于调节第二副边电路输出的第二直流电能的电压值；在第七时间点之后的第八时间点，断开第一开关管， 第八时间点不晚于下一个第二周期中，第三时间段的初始时间点；在第四时间段内的第九时间点，导通第二开关管，第九时间点与第四时间段的初始时间点间隔第四时延，第四时延用于调节第二副边电路输出的第二直流电能的电压值；在第九时间点之后的第十时间点，断开第二开关管，第十时间点不晚于下一个第二周期中，第四时间段的初始时间点。
本申请的这些方面或其它方面在以下实施例的描述中会更加简明易懂。
附图说明
图1为一种新能源汽车的系统结构示意图；
图2为一种OBC充电器结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种OBC电路结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例中各个控制信号时序图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种第二副边电路结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种第二副边电路结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种第二副边电路结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请作进一步地详细描述。需要说明的是，在本申请的描述中“至少一个”是指一个或多个，其中，多个是指两个或两个以上。鉴于此，本发明实施例中也可以将“多个”理解为“至少两个”。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，字符“/”，如无特殊说明，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。另外，需要理解的是，在本申请的描述中，“第一”、“第二”等词汇，仅用于区分描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性，也不能理解为指示或暗示顺序。
需要指出的是，本申请实施例中“耦合”指的是能量传递关系，例如，A与B耦合，指的是A与B之间能够传递能量，其中，能量的具体形式存在多种可能，例如电能、磁场势能等。在A与B之间能够传递电能时，反应在电路连接关系上，便是A与B之间可以直接电连接，也可以通过其它导体或电路元件间接电连接。在A与B之间能够传递磁场势能时，反应在电路连接关系上，便是A与B之间可以发生电磁感应，使得磁场势能可以从A传递至B，有鉴于此，本申请实施例中，以“磁耦合”特指A与B之间可以通过磁场传递能量的场景。
下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。
新能源汽车多以电能驱动，图1示例性示出了一种新能源汽车的系统结构示意图。如图1所示，新能源汽车主要包括车载充电OBC充电器100、低压负载200、动力电池300电机400和车轮500。
其中，动力电池300为大容量、高功率的蓄电池。低压负载200为车辆(新能源汽车)内部的功能电路或车载设备，且低压负载200的额定电压远低于动力电池300的额定电压。示例性的，低压负载200可以包括但不限于新能源汽车内部的铅酸蓄电池、车载收音机、 车载导航器等等，本申请实施例对此不再一一列举。
在新能源汽车行驶时，动力电池300可以驱动电机400工作，电机400进而驱动车轮500转动，从而实现车辆移动。此外，动力电池300还可以通过OBC充电器100为低压负载200供电，或者，也可以通过OBC充电器100为新能源汽车的外部负载(如另一辆新能源汽车)供电。
在新能源汽车充电时，一般可以通过充电桩为新能源汽车充电。类似于加油站与常规汽车之间的关系，充电桩可以为新能源汽车“加油”，也就是可以为新能源汽车充电。
如图1所示，充电桩主要包括电源电路和充电枪。电源电路的一端与工频电网耦合，另一端通过线缆与充电枪耦合。一般来说，电源电路可以将工频电网作为交流电源，接收工频电网提供的交流电，将接收到的交流电转换为与新能源汽车相适配的充电电能。操作人员可以将充电枪插入新能源汽车的充电插口，使充电枪与车辆内部的OBC充电器100耦合，充电桩的电源电路进而可以通过充电枪将充电电能提供给OBC充电器100。
OBC充电器100将接收到的一部分充电电能提供给动力电池300，动力电池300进而存储该部分电能。此外，OBC充电器100还可以将接收到的另一部分充电电能提供给低压负载200，以供低压负载200使用，例如，低压负载200中的铅酸蓄电池可以存储该部分电能，低压负载200中的车载收音机也可以使用该部分电能工作。
一般，新能源汽车中的OBC充电器100至少具有两种工作模式：充电模式和放电模式。具体来说，在充电模式下，OBC充电器100接收充电桩提供的充电电能，并将所接收到的充电电能分别提供给低压负载200和动力电池300。在放电模式下，OBC充电器100接收动力电池300提供的电池电能，并将电池电能提供给低压负载200，在一些场景下，OBC充电器100也可以将动力电池300提供的电池电能提供给车辆外部负载。
接下来，以充电模式为例，对OBC充电器100作进一步说明。图2示例性示出了一种OBC充电器100结构示意图，如图2所示，OBC充电器100主要包括控制电路101和OBC电路102。
其中，OBC电路102主要包括两两之间磁耦合的原边电路1021、第一副边电路1022和第二副边电路1023，也就是说，原边电路1021分别与第一副边电路1022和第二副边电路1023磁耦合，第一副边电路1022分别与原边电路1021和第二副边电路1023磁耦合。
控制电路101可以是OBC充电器100内部的微处理器(microcontroller unit，MCU)，控制电路101分别与原边电路1021、第一副边电路1022、第二副边电路1023耦合，控制电路101可以生成多种控制信号以分别控制原边电路1021、第一副边电路1022、第二副边电路1023的工作。
在一些可能的实现方式中，OBC充电器100还可以包括功率因数校正(power factor correction，PFC)电路103，PFC电路103可以接收交流电形式的充电电能，在控制电路101的控制下，PFC电路103可以对交流电形式的充电电能进行功率校准，将功率校准后的充电电能转换为原边直流电能，并将原边直流电能提供给原边电路1021。
可以理解，图1中充电桩的电源电路也可以将接收到的交流电能转换为直流电形式的充电电能，并将直流电形式的充电电能提供给OBC充电器100。有鉴于此，OBC充电器100中还可以包括配电电路(图2中未示出)。配电电路的第一端用于接收充电电能，该充电电能既可以是直流电形式，也可以是交流电形式。配电电路的第二端与PFC电路103耦合，第三端与原边电路1021耦合。在控制电路101的控制下，配电电路可以将直流电形 式的充电电能作为原边直流电能提供给原边电路1021，将交流电形式的充电电能提供给PFC电路103，由PFC电路103将交流电形式的充电电能转换为原边直流电能后提供给原边电路1021。在OBC充电器100中设置配电电路，使得新能源汽车不仅可以适用交流充电桩，还可以适用直流充电桩，从而可以使新能源汽车的充电更加便捷。
OBC电路102可以接收来自于PFC电路103或配电电路的原边直流电能，将一部分直流电能提供给动力电池300，将另一部分直流电能提供给低压负载200。其中，低压负载200可以是低压电池201(如铅酸蓄电池)，也可以是车载功能电路202(如车载音响、车载收音机、车载导航器等)。
图3示例性示出了本申请实施例提供的一种OBC电路102结构示意图。接下来以图3为例，对OBC电路102中的原边电路1021、第一副边电路1022和第二副边电路1023作进一步说明。
原边电路1021
原边电路1021可以在控制电路101的控制下，将接收到的原边直流电能转换为原边交流电能。如图3所示，原边电路1021主要包括开关管S1、开关管S2、开关管S3、开关管S4、和原边绕组L1，在一种可能的实现方式中，还可以包括电容Cr1、电感Lr1中的至少一个。
其中，开关管S1、开关管S2、开关管S3和开关管S4构成了桥式整流电路结构。具体来说，开关管S1的第一电极分别与开关管S3的第一电极和PFC电路103的第一直流端耦合，开关管S1的第二电极分别与开关管S2的第一电极和电容Cr1的第一电极耦合；电容Cr1的第二电极与电感Lr1的第一端耦合；电感Lr1的第二端与原边绕组L1的第一端耦合；开关管S3的第二电极分别与原边绕组L1的第二端和开关管S4的第一电极耦合；开关管S2的第二电极分别与开关管S4的第二电极和PFC电路103的第二直流端耦合。开关管S1的控制电极、开关管S2的控制电极、开关管S3的控制电极和开关管S4的控制电极皆分别与控制电路101耦合。
一般来说，用于输出直流电能的两个直流端中，其中一个为高压端，另一个为低压端。其中，低压端可以与接地电路耦合，即低压端为0电势。例如，PFC电路103的第一直流端和第二直流端中，第二直流端为低压端，第二直流端可以与OBC充电器100的接地电路耦合，即第二直流端为0电势。在此情况下，开关管S2的第二电极和开关管S4的第二电极也可以与接地电路耦合，也就是说，开关管S2的第二电极和开关管S4的第二电极可以通过接地电路与PFC电路103间接耦合。第一副边电路1022的直流端和第二副边电路1023的直流端同理，本申请实施例对此不再赘述。
基于图3所示的原边电路1021，控制电路101可以通过发送周期性的原边控制信号以控制原边电路1021将原边直流电能转换为具有一定周期时长(频率)的原边交流电能。假设图3中原边电路1021的各个开关管皆为N沟道金属氧化物半导体晶体管(N metal oxide semiconductor，NMOS)。
图4示例性示出了本申请实施例中各个控制信号时序图。其中，控制信号C1用于控制开关管S1和开关管S4的导通及断开；控制信号C2用于控制开关管S2和开关管S3的导通及断开。如图4所示，控制信号C1和C2为互补信号，也就是说，控制信号C1和C2具有相同的周期时长T和相同的占空比(t/T)，但两个控制信号C1和C2的高电平时间段 t互不重叠。
可以理解，在理想情况下，控制信号C1的下降沿与控制信号C2的上升沿位于同一时间点，控制信号C1的上升沿与控制信号C2的下降沿位于同一时间点。如图4所示，考虑到开关延迟等因素的存在，控制信号C1的下降沿与控制信号C2的上升沿之间可以间隔一定时延，控制信号C1的上升沿与控制信号C2的下降沿也可以间隔一定时延。
在本申请实施例中，控制信号C1的上升沿与下降沿之间间隔的时间段以第一时间段表示，控制信号C2的上升沿与下降沿之间间隔的时间段以第二时间段表示。控制信号C1和C2反映在开关管S1至S4的导通及关闭上，便是：在第一时间段内开关管S1和S4同步导通，开关管S2和S3同步断开；在第二时间段内，开关管S1和S4同步断开，开关管S2和S3同步导通。
在开关管S1和S4导通期间(第一时间段)，PFC电路103输出的电流由开关管S1流向开关管S4，也就是由原边绕组的第一端流向第二端，从而产生原边交流电能的正半周期电能；在开关管S2和S3导通期间(第二时间段)，PFC电路103输出的电流由开关管S3流向开关管S2，也就是由原边绕组的第二端流向第一端，从而产生原边交流电能的负半周期。由此可见，控制电路101通过控制开关管S1和S4，与开关管S2和S3之间交替导通及断开，使得原边绕组处的电流方向交替变换，从而在原边绕组处得到原边交流电能。原边交流电(能)的电压变换可以如图4所示。
如图3所示，第一副边电路1022包括副边绕组L2，第二副边电路1023包括副边绕组L3和L4。原边电路1021分别与第一副边电路1022和第二副边电路1023磁耦合，主要是通过原边绕组L1分别与副边绕组L2、副边绕组L3和副边绕组L4的磁耦合实现的。因此，原边电路1021在原边绕组L1处产生的原边交流电能可以通过电磁感应分别传递给副边绕组L2、副边绕组L3和副边绕组L4。
第一副边电路1022
第一副边电路1022可以接收原边电路1021提供的部分原边交流电能，即第一交流电能。在控制电路101的控制下，第一副边电路1022可以将第一交流电能转换为第一直流电能，该第一直流电能可以用于动力电池300充电。第一副边电路1022的第一直流端与动力电池300的正极耦合，第二直流端与动力电池300的负极耦合。如图3所示，第一副边电路1022主要包括开关管S5、开关管S6、开关管S7、开关管S8和副边绕组L2。在一种可能的实现方式中，第一副边电路1022还可以包括电容Cr2、电感Lr2和电容Cf1中的一个或多个。
其中，开关管S5的第一电极与开关管S7的第一电极耦合，开关管S5的第二电极分别与副边绕组L2的第二端和开关管S6的第一电极耦合；副边绕组L2的第一端与原边绕组L1的第一端互为同名端，且副边绕组L2的第一端与电感Lr2的第一端耦合；电感Lr2的第二端与电容Cr2的第一电极耦合，电容Cr2的第二电极与开关管S7的第二电极耦合；开关管S7的第一电极与第一副边电路1022的第一直流端耦合，开关管S7的第二电极与开关管S8的第一电极耦合，开关管S6的第二电极和开关管S8的第二电极与第一副边电路1022的第二直流端耦合。电容Cf1并联在第一副边电路1022的第一直流端和第二直流端之间。
一般来说，控制信号C1和C2是控制电路101根据第一副边电路1022的输出需求确 定的。也就是说，控制电路101可以通过改变控制信号C1和C2的周期时长、占空比等因素调节第一副边电路1022输出的第一直流电能的电压值。在此情况下，第一副边电路1022中的开关管S5至S8可以与原边电路1021中的开关管S1至S4同步导通和断开。也就是说，控制信号C1也可以控制开关管S6和S7的导通和断开，控制信号C2也可以控制开关管S5和S8的导通和断开。
具体来说，在第一时间段，开关管S7和S6同步导通。原边绕组中电流由第一端流向第二端，由于原边绕组与副边绕组L2之间存在电磁耦合，且副边绕组L2的第一端与原边绕组的第一端互为同名端，因此副边绕组L2中电流由第二端流向第一端，也就是说，电流从开关管S6流向开关管S7，从而构成第一副边电路1022在第一时间段的输出通路。
在第二时间段，开关管S5和S8同步导通。原边绕组中电流由第二端流向第一端，因此副边绕组L2中电流由第一端流向第二端，也就是说，电流从开关管S8流向开关管S5，从而构成第一副边电路1022在第二时间段的输出通路。
由上述过程可见，控制电路101通过控制信号C1和C2，控制开关管S5和S8，与开关管S6和S7交替导通和断开，从而使第一副边电路1022将从原边电路1021获得的第一交流电能转换为第一直流电能并输出。
需要指出的是，以上原边电路1021和第一副边电路1022的电路结构仅为示例。在具体实现结构中，原边电路1021和第一副边电路1022还存在多种可能的实现方式，本申请实施例对此不再一一列举。
第二副边电路1023
由上述过程可见，原边电路1021和第一副边电路1022使用相同的控制信号，可以实现同步整流。原边电路1021依据第一副边电路1022的输出需求生成原边交流电能，并将其中的第二交流电能提供给了第二副边电路1023。然而，第二副边电路1023的输出需求往往不同于第一副边电路1022，第二副边电路1023不仅需要对第二交流电能整流，还需要对第二交流电能调压，才可以得到适用于低压负载200的第二直流电能。因此，目前第二副边电路1023的电路结构往往过于复杂，还需要进一步研究。
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供了一种第二副边电路1023的电路结构，该电路结构可以通过三极管和二极管等基础电路元件实现整流和调压，电路结构更加简单，不仅有利于降低OBC充电器100的生产成本，还有利于提高OBC充电器100的能量利用效率。接下来，通过以下实施例对本申请实施例所提供的第二副边电路1023作进一步说明。
实施例一
图5示例性示出了本申请实施例提供的一种第二副边电路1023结构示意图。如图5所示，第二副边电路1023包括第一副边绕组(副边绕组L3)、第一开关管(开关管SR11)、第一二极管(二极管D1)、第二副边绕组(副边绕组L4)、第二开关管(开关管SR21)和第二二极管(二极管D2)，第一直流端P1和第二直流端P2。其中，第二副边电路1023的第一直流端P1与低压负载200的正极耦合，第二副边电路1023的第二直流端P2与低压负载200的负极耦合，第二副边电路1023可以通过第一直流端P1和第二直流端P2向低压负载200提供第二直流电能。
如图5所示，副边绕组L3的第一端与开关管SR11的第一电极耦合，副边绕组L3的 第二端分别与第二直流端P2和副边绕组L4的第一端耦合，开关管SR11的第二电极与二极管D1的阳极耦合，二极管D1的阴极与第一直流端P1耦合，开关管SR11的体二极管的阳极与二极管D1的阳极耦合；副边绕组L4的第二端与开关管SR21的第一电极耦合，开关管SR21的第二电极与二极管D2的阳极耦合，二极管D2的阴极与二极管D1的阴极耦合，开关管SR21的体二极管的阳极与二极管D2的阳极耦合。其中，副边绕组L3的第一端和副边绕组L4的第一端皆与原边绕组L1的第一端互为同名端。
图5中还包括漏感Lk1，其为等效电感，在实际实现中，漏感Lk1和副边绕组L3属于同一线圈(绕组)，漏感Lk2同理，对此不再赘述。
基于图5所示的第二副边电路1023，假设所有的开关管皆为NMOS，控制电路101可以通过图4中的控制信号C11控制开关管SR11的导通和断开，通过控制信号C21控制开关管SR21的导通和关闭。
以原边交流电能的一个周期T1为例，周期T1的时长为T。周期T2为周期T1的下一个周期。在周期T1中，ta与tb之间为第一时间段，tc与td之间为第二时间段。在第一时间段，原边绕组中的电流由原边绕组的第一端流向第二端。在第二时间段，原边绕组中的电流由原边绕组的第二端流向第一端。
在第一时间段内的时间点t1，控制电路101通过控制信号C11导通开关管SR11。请参考图5，其中，实线箭头表示时间点t1之后，第二副边电路1023中电流的流动方向，实线叉号表示时间点t1之后，二极管D2截止。由图5可见，在时间点t1导通开关管SR11之后，副边绕组L3与第一直流端P1和第二直流端P2构成输出回路，使得副边绕组L3可以将从原边绕组L1得到的正半周期的交流电能输出。
同理，在第二时间段内的时间点t3，控制电路101通过控制信号C21导通开关管SR21。请参考图5，其中，虚线箭头表示时间点t3之后，第二副边电路1023中电流的流动方向，虚线叉号表示时间点t1之后，二极管D1截止。由图5可见，在时间点t3导通开关管SR21之后，副边绕组L4与第一直流端P1和第二直流端P2构成输出回路，使得副边绕组L4可以将从原边绕组L1得到的负半周期的交流电能输出。
通过交替导通和断开开关管SR11及开关管SR21，从而可以将从原边绕组获得的第二交流电能变换为第二直流电能，即整流。
此外，如图4所示，时间点t1与时间点ta之间存在第一时延。具体来说，在时间点ta后原边交流电能进入正半周期，在ta至t1时间点之间，开关管SR11的体二极管截止，从而有利于防止副边绕组L3在此期间放电。由于开关管SR11的体二极管的存在，使得控制电路101可以通过调整第一时延的时间长度以调节第二直流电能的电压，也就是相控调压。同理，开关管SR21中体二极管的存在，使得控制电路101可以通过调整时间点t3与时间点tc之间的第二时延的时间长度以调节第二直流电能的电压。大多数情况下，原边交流电能的正半周期和负半周期具有相同的时间长度和电压幅值，因此第一时延和第二时延通常具有相同的时间长度。
接下来，对控制电路101断开开关管SR11的时间点t2和断开开关管SR21的时间点t4作进一步说明。
由于本申请实施例是通过第一时延和第二时延进行相控调压，因此为了保证开关管SR11在周期T2内仍可以继续完成相控调压，本申请实施例中，控制电路101需要在周期T2的第一时间段之前断开开关管SR11，也就是说，时间点t2不晚于周期T2中第一时间 段的初始时间点，其中，周期T2中第一时间段的初始时间点也可以理解为周期T2中的时间点t1，与周期T1中的时间点t1间隔周期时长T。
本申请实施例中，控制电路101可以在导通开关管SR21时或者导通开关管SR21之后，断开开关管SR11，也就是说，时间点t2可以是时间点t3或时间点t3之后的时间点，时间点t2不早于时间点t3。请参考图5，若时间点t2为时间点t3之后的时间点，则时间点t3至时间点t2期间，开关管SR11和开关管SR21皆导通。然而，此时虚线箭头所示的回路导通，由于二极管D1处于截止状态，因此即使开关管SR11导通，也不会对副边绕组L4传递的电能造成损耗。
综上，控制电路101断开开关管SR11的时间点t2可以是时间点t3，或者是周期T2中的时间点t1，或者是时间点t3与周期T2中的时间点t1之间的任一时间点。基于相同的道理，控制电路101断开开关管SR21的时间点t4可以是周期T2中导通SR11的时间点(周期T2中的时间点t1)，也可以是周期T2中第二时间段的初始时间点(周期T2中的时间点tc)，或者也可以是周期T2中的时间点t1和周期T2中的时间点tc之间的任一时间点。
通过图5所示的电路结构可见，本申请实施例通过第二副边电路1023中的两个开关管(开关管SR11和SR21)以及两个二极管(二极管D1和D2)实现整流及调压。而且，即使原边交流电能的周期发生变化，控制电路101也可以通过对应调整第一时延和第二时延的时间长度，以同步调整第二直流电能的电压，使第二直流电能可以一直适配于低压负载200。综上，本申请实施例所提供的第二副边电路1023结构简单，有利于降低OBC充电器100成本，提高OBC充电器100的能量利用效率，而且该第二副边电路1023的频率使用范围更宽，可以根据原边交流电能的周期(频率)变化而适应性调整。
如图5所示，在一种可能的实现方式中，第二副边电路1023中还可以包括滤波电感Lb(L.buck)和滤波电容Cf2。其中，滤波电感L.buck的第一端与二极管D1的阴极耦合，滤波电感L.buck第二端分别与滤波电容Cf2的第一电极和第二副边电路1023的第一直流端P1耦合，滤波电容Cf2的第二电极与接地电路耦合。滤波电感L.buck和滤波电容Cf2可以对第二直流电能作进一步滤波，从而降低提供给低压负载200的第二直流电能的电压文波。
实施例二
如实施例一所述，二极管D1主要用于防止原边交流电能的负半周期电能被反向释放给副边绕组L3，二极管D2主要用于防止原边交流电能的正半周期电能被反向释放给副边绕组L4。有鉴于此，还可以采用开关管SR12和SR22来模拟二极管D1和二极管D2，以到达进一步降低损耗的效果。
示例性的，如图3所示，二极管D1和二极管D2分别可以为开关管SR12和开关管SR22的体二极管。具体来说，二极管D1可以是开关管SR12的体二极管，开关管SR12的第一电极与开关管SR11的第二电极耦合，开关管SR12的第二电极与第二副边电路1023的第一直流端P1耦合。二极管D2可以是开关管SR22的体二极管，开关管22的第一电极与开关管SR21的第二电极耦合，开关管SR22的第二电极与第二副边电路1023的第二直流端P2耦合。
在本申请实施例中，开关管SR21和开关管SR22至少存在以下两种控制方式：
在一种可能的实现方式中，如图6所示，控制电路101分别与开关管SR12的控制电 极和开关管SR22的控制电极耦合，控制电路101可以通过如图4所示的控制信号C12控制开关管SR12的导通和断开，通过控制信号C22控制开关管SR22的导通和断开。
具体来说，如图4所示，控制电路101可以在时间点t1(控制信号C12的上升沿)导通开关管SR12，也就是说，控制电路101在时间点t1，同时导通开关管SR11和开关管SR12，从而可以保持第一时延的相控调压功能。控制电路101可以在时间点t5(控制信号C12的下降沿)断开开关管SR12。其中，时间点t5可以是时间点t3，也可以是时间点tb，也可以是时间点t3与时间点tb之间的任一时间点。
这是由于，开关管SR12需要在开关管SR11导通至第一时间段结束期间保持导通，使第二交流电能可以经开关管SR12的沟道传输，有利于降低电能损耗。因此，控制电路101需要同时导通开关管SR11和开关管SR12，并在第一时间段结束(时间点tb)之前保持开关管SR12导通。在开关管SR21导通后，开关管SR12需要保持断开，以防止负半周期的交流电能被反向释放给副边绕组L3，因此，控制电路101需要在开关管SR12导通(时间点t3)之前断开开关管SR12。
综上，控制电路101在时间点t3，或者时间点tb，或者时间点t3与时间点tb之间的任一时间点断开开关管SR12，可以通过开关管SR12和SR22模仿二极管D1和D2的功能，并降低第二副边电路1023的损耗。
基于同样的道理，控制电路101可以在时间点t3，同时导通开关管SR21和开关管SR22，从而可以保持第一时延的相控调压功能。控制电路101可以在时间点t6(控制信号C22的下降沿)断开开关管SR22。其中，时间点t6可以是周期T2中的时间点t1，也可以是周期T1中第二时间段结束的时间点(时间点td)，也可以是周期T1中时间点td与周期T2中的时间点t1之间的任一时间点。对此不再赘述。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，如图7所示，OBC充电器100还可以包括第一逻辑电路104和第二逻辑电路105。其中，第一逻辑电路104分别与开关管SR12的第一电极、第二电极和控制电极耦合。一般来说，第一逻辑电路104可以是同步整流驱动芯片(drive logic)。第一逻辑电路可以分别检测开关管SR12的第一电极和第二电极的电压，在第一电极的电压高于第二电极的电压时，导通开关管SR12。
具体来说，控制电路101控制开关管SR11导通，可以使开关管SR12的第一电极电压升高。进而，第一逻辑电路104检测到开关管SR12的第一电极电压高于第二电极电压，从而导通开关管SR12，进而使副边绕组L3中电能的电能可以输出至低压负载200。在一种可能实现方式中，第一逻辑电路104中可以预设有电压阈值，第一逻辑电路104在确定开关管SR12的第一电极电压大于第二电极电压，且第一电极电压与第二电极电压之间的电压差值大于电压阈值之后，再导通开关管SR12，从而有利于防止电压波动引起误判。
第一时间段结束后，开关管SR12的第一电极电压逐渐降低。当开关管SR12的第一电极电压不再大于第二电极电压，或者第一电极电压与第二电极电压之间的电压差值不再大于电压阈值，控制电路101控制开关管SR21断开。
采用第一逻辑电路监控开关管SR12的第一电极和第二电极的电压情况，有利于提高第二副边电路1023的电路安全。
与第一逻辑电路104类似，第二逻辑电路105分别与开关管SR22的第一电极、第二电极和控制电极耦合，第二逻辑电路可以分别检测开关管SR22的第一电极和第二电极的 电压，在开关管SR22的第一电极的电压高于第二电极的电压时，导通开关管SR22。具体实现可以参考第一逻辑电路104，对此不再赘述。
实施例三
以上，以充电模式下的OBC充电器100为例，对本申请所提供的OBC电路102及OBC充电器100进行了说明。需要指出的是，本申请实施例所提供的OBC电路102及OBC充电器100同样适用于放电模式。
具体来说，动力电池300可以向第一副边电路1022输入直流形式的电池电能。控制电路101可以控制第一副边电路1022将直流形式的电池电能转换为交流形式的电池电能。控制电路101可以控制原边电路1021将从第一副边电路1022得到的电池电能输出至新能源汽车的外部负载，具体实现可以参考现有技术，对此不再赘述。
控制电路101也可以控制第二副边电路1023将从第一副边电路1022得到的电池电能转换为第二直流电能，并提供给低压负载200。在此情况下，图4中的控制信号C1为控制第一副边电路1022中开关管S6和S7的控制信号，控制信号C2为控制第一副边电路1022中开关管S5和S8的控制信号，控制电路101通过控制信号C1和控制信号C2控制第一副边电路1022产生副边交流电能。
第二副边电路1023从第一副边电路1022获取副边交流电能，并将其转换为第二直流电能，该过程类似于上述实施例一或实施例二，对此不再赘述。
基于相同的技术构思，本申请实施例提供一种充电控制方法，该充电控制方法可以用于控制上述任一实施例所提供的OBC电路，例如，该充电控制方法可以应用于OBC中的控制电路。示例性的，本申请实施例所提供的充电控制住方法主要包括：
在当前第一周期的第一时间段，控制原边电路产生原边交流电能的正半周期电能，在当前第一周期的第二时间段，控制原边电路产生原边交流电能的负半周期电能；
控制第一副边电路将从原边电路得到的第一交流电能转换为第一直流电能，第一交流电能为原边交流电能中的部分电能；
在第一时间段内的第一时间点，导通第一开关管，第一时间点与第一时间段的初始时间点间隔第一时延，第一时延用于调节第二副边电路输出的第二直流电能的电压值；
在第一时间点之后的第二时间点，断开第一开关管，第二时间点不晚于下一个第一周期中，第一时间段的初始时间点；
在第二时间段内的第三时间点，导通第二开关管，第三时间点与第二时间段的初始时间点间隔第二时延，第二时延用于调节第二直流电能的电压值；
在第三时间点之后的第四时间点，断开第二开关管，第四时间点不晚于下一个第一周期中，第二时间段的初始时间点。
一般来说，第二时间点不早于第三时间点，和/或，第四时间点不早于下一个第一周期中的第一时间点。
示例性的，第一二极管为第三开关管的体二极管，第三开关管的第一电极与第一开关管的第二电极耦合，第三开关管的第二电极与第一直流端耦合，在此情况下，可以在第一时间点导通第三开关管，并在第一时间点之后的第五时间点断开第三开关管，第五时间点不早于第一时间段的结束时间点，且不晚于第三时间点。
类似的，第二二极管也可以为第四开关管的体二极管，第四开关管的第一电极与第二 开关管的第二电极耦合，第四开关管的第二电极与第一二极管的阴极耦合，在此情况下，可以在第三时间点导通第四开关管，并在第四时间点之后的第六时间点断开第四开关管，第六时间点不早于第二时间段的结束时间点，且不晚于下一个第一周期的第一时间点。
本申请所提供的控制方法还可以控制副边电路。示例性的，还可以在当前第二周期的第三时间段，控制第一副边电路产生副边交流电能的正半周期电能，在当前第二周期的第四时间段，控制第一副边电路产生副边交流电能的负半周期电能；在第三时间段内的第七时间点，导通第一开关管，第七时间点与第三时间段的初始时间点间隔第三时延，第三时延用于调节第二副边电路输出的第二直流电能的电压值；在第七时间点之后的第八时间点，断开第一开关管，第八时间点不晚于下一个第二周期中，第三时间段的初始时间点；在第四时间段内的第九时间点，导通第二开关管，第九时间点与第四时间段的初始时间点间隔第四时延，第四时延用于调节第二副边电路输出的第二直流电能的电压值；在第九时间点之后的第十时间点，断开第二开关管，第十时间点不晚于下一个第二周期中，第四时间段的初始时间点。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种车载充电OBC电路，其特征在于，包括：原边电路、第一副边电路和第二副边电路，所述原边电路分别与所述第一副边电路和所述第二副边电路磁耦合；
    所述原边电路用于分别向所述第一副边电路提供第一交流电能，向所述第二副边电路提供第二交流电能，其中，所述第一交流电能和所述第二交流电能的频率相同；
    所述第二副边电路包括：第一副边绕组、第一开关管、第一二极管、第二副边绕组、第二开关管和第二二极管，第一直流端和第二直流端；所述第一副边绕组的第一端与所述第一开关管的第一电极耦合，所述第一副边绕组的第二端分别与所述第二直流端和所述第二副边绕组的第一端耦合，所述第一开关管的第二电极与所述第一二极管的阳极耦合，所述第一二极管的阴极与所述第一直流端耦合，所述第一开关管的体二极管的阳极与所述第一二极管的阳极耦合；
    所述第二副边绕组的第二端与所述第二开关管的第一电极耦合，所述第二开关管的第二电极与所述第二二极管的阳极耦合，所述第二二极管的阴极与所述第一二极管的阴极耦合，所述第二开关管的体二极管的阳极与所述第二二极管的阳极耦合。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的OBC电路，其特征在于，所述第二副边电路还包括滤波电容和滤波电感；
    所述滤波电感的一端与所述第一二极管的阴极耦合，所述滤波电感的另一端分别与所述第一直流端和所述滤波电容的第一电极耦合，所述滤波电容的第二电极与接地电路耦合。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的OBC电路，其特征在于，所述第一二极管为第三开关管的体二极管，所述第三开关管的第一电极与所述第一开关管的第二电极耦合，所述第三开关管的第二电极与所述第一直流端耦合；和/或，
    所述第二二极管为第四开关管的体二极管，所述第四开关管的第一电极与所述第二开关管的第二电极耦合，所述第四开关管的第二电极与所述第一二极管的阴极耦合。
  4. 一种车载充电OBC充电器，其特征在于，包括：控制电路和如权利要求1或2所述的OBC电路，所述控制电路分别与所述OBC电路中的原边电路和第一副边电路耦合；
    所述控制电路用于：
    在当前第一周期的第一时间段，控制所述原边电路产生原边交流电能的正半周期电能，在所述当前第一周期的第二时间段，控制所述原边电路产生原边交流电能的负半周期电能；
    控制所述第一副边电路将从所述原边电路得到的第一交流电能转换为第一直流电能，所述第一交流电能为所述原边交流电能中的部分电能；
    所述控制电路还分别与所述第二副边电路中第一开关管的控制电极和所述第二开关管的控制电极耦合，所述控制电路还用于：
    在所述第一时间段内的第一时间点，导通所述第一开关管，所述第一时间点与所述第一时间段的初始时间点间隔第一时延，所述第一时延用于调节所述第二副边电路输出的第二直流电能的电压值；
    在所述第一时间点之后的第二时间点，断开所述第一开关管，所述第二时间点不晚于下一个第一周期中，所述第一时间段的初始时间点；
    在所述第二时间段内的第三时间点，导通所述第二开关管，所述第三时间点与所 述第二时间段的初始时间点间隔第二时延，所述第二时延用于调节所述第二直流电能的电压值；
    在所述第三时间点之后的第四时间点，断开所述第二开关管，所述第四时间点不晚于下一个第一周期中，所述第二时间段的初始时间点。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的OBC充电器，其特征在于，所述第二时间点不早于所述第三时间点，和/或，所述第四时间点不早于下一个第一周期中的第一时间点。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的OBC充电器，其特征在于，所述第一二极管为第三开关管的体二极管，所述第三开关管的第一电极与所述第一开关管的第二电极耦合，所述第三开关管的第二电极与所述第一直流端耦合；所述控制电路，还用于：在所述第一时间点导通所述第三开关管，并在所述第一时间点之后的第五时间点断开所述第三开关管，所述第五时间点不早于所述第一时间段的结束时间点，且不晚于所述第三时间点；和/或，
    所述第二二极管为第四开关管的体二极管，所述第四开关管的第一电极与所述第二开关管的第二电极耦合，所述第四开关管的第二电极与所述第一二极管的阴极耦合；所述控制电路，还用于：在所述第三时间点导通所述第四开关管，并在所述第四时间点之后的第六时间点断开所述第四开关管，所述第六时间点不早于所述第二时间段的结束时间点，且不晚于下一个第一周期的第一时间点。
  7. 根据权利要求4或5所述的OBC充电器，其特征在于，所述第一二极管为第三开关管的体二极管，所述第三开关管的第一电极与所述第一开关管的第二电极耦合，所述第三开关管的第二电极与所述第一直流端耦合；所述OBC充电器还包括第一逻辑电路，所述第一逻辑电路分别与所述第三开关管的第一电极、第二电极和控制电极耦合；所述第一逻辑电路，用于分别检测所述第三开关管的第一电极和第二电极的电压，在所述第一电极的电压高于所述第二电极的电压时，导通所述第三开关管；和/或，
    所述第二二极管为第四开关管的体二极管，所述第四开关管的第一电极与所述第二开关管的第二电极耦合，所述第四开关管的第二电极与所述第一二极管的阴极耦合；所述OBC充电器还包括第二逻辑电路，所述第二逻辑电路分别与所述第四开关管的第一电极、第二电极和控制电极耦合；所述第二逻辑电路，用于分别检测所述第四开关管的第一电极和第二电极的电压，在所述第一电极的电压高于所述第二电极的电压时，导通所述第四开关管。
  8. 根据权利要求4至7中任一项所述的OBC充电器，其特征在于，所述OBC充电器还包括功率校准PFC电路，所述PFC电路与所述原边电路耦合；
    所述PFC电路，用于接收交流电形式的充电电能，对所述充电电能进行功率校准，将功率校准后的充电电能转换为原边直流电能，并将所述原边直流电能提供给所述原边电路；
    所述原边电路，具体用于：
    将所述原边直流电能转换为所述原边交流电能，并将所述原边交流电能中的第一交流电能提供给所述第一副边电路，将所述原边交流电能中的第二交流电能提供给所述第二副边电路。
  9. 根据权利要求4至8中任一项所述的OBC充电器，其特征在于，所述控制电路，还用于：
    在当前第二周期的第三时间段，控制所述第一副边电路产生副边交流电能的正半周期电能，在所述当前第二周期的第四时间段，控制所述第一副边电路产生副边交流电能的负 半周期电能；
    在所述第三时间段内的第七时间点，导通所述第一开关管，所述第七时间点与所述第三时间段的初始时间点间隔第三时延，所述第三时延用于调节所述第二副边电路输出的第二直流电能的电压值；
    在所述第七时间点之后的第八时间点，断开所述第一开关管，所述第八时间点不晚于下一个第二周期中，所述第三时间段的初始时间点；
    在所述第四时间段内的第九时间点，导通所述第二开关管，所述第九时间点与所述第四时间段的初始时间点间隔第四时延，所述第四时延用于调节所述第二副边电路输出的第二直流电能的电压值；
    在所述第九时间点之后的第十时间点，断开所述第二开关管，所述第十时间点不晚于下一个第二周期中，所述第四时间段的初始时间点。
  10. 一种新能源汽车，其特征在于，包括：动力电池、低压负载、电机、车轮和如4至9中任一项所述的OBC充电器；
    所述动力电池与所述OBC充电器中的第一副边电路耦合，所述低压负载的正极与所述OBC充电器中第二副边电路的第一直流端耦合，所述低压负载的负极与第二副边电路的第二直流端耦合；
    所述OBC充电器，用于为所述动力电池提供所述第一直流电能，为所述低压负载提供所述第二直流电能；
    所述动力电池，用于驱动所述电机；
    所述电机用于驱动所述车轮转动。
  11. 一种充电桩，其特征在于，包括电源电路和充电枪；
    所述充电枪，用于与如权利要求4至9中任一项所提供的OBC充电器耦合；
    所述电源电路，用于通过所述充电枪为所述OBC充电器供电。
  12. 一种充电控制方法，其特征在于，用于控制如权利要求1或2所述的OBC电路，所述方法包括：
    在当前第一周期的第一时间段，控制所述原边电路产生原边交流电能的正半周期电能，在所述当前第一周期的第二时间段，控制所述原边电路产生原边交流电能的负半周期电能；
    控制所述第一副边电路将从所述原边电路得到的第一交流电能转换为第一直流电能，所述第一交流电能为所述原边交流电能中的部分电能；
    在所述第一时间段内的第一时间点，导通所述第一开关管，所述第一时间点与所述第一时间段的初始时间点间隔第一时延，所述第一时延用于调节所述第二副边电路输出的第二直流电能的电压值；
    在所述第一时间点之后的第二时间点，断开所述第一开关管，所述第二时间点不晚于下一个第一周期中，所述第一时间段的初始时间点；
    在所述第二时间段内的第三时间点，导通所述第二开关管，所述第三时间点与所述第二时间段的初始时间点间隔第二时延，所述第二时延用于调节所述第二直流电能的电压值；
    在所述第三时间点之后的第四时间点，断开所述第二开关管，所述第四时间点不晚于下一个第一周期中，所述第二时间段的初始时间点。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二时间点不早于所述第三时间点，和/或，所述第四时间点不早于下一个第一周期中的第一时间点。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一二极管为第三开关管的体二极管，所述第三开关管的第一电极与所述第一开关管的第二电极耦合，所述第三开关管的第二电极与所述第一直流端耦合，所述方法还包括：
    在所述第一时间点导通所述第三开关管，并在所述第一时间点之后的第五时间点断开所述第三开关管，所述第五时间点不早于所述第一时间段的结束时间点，且不晚于所述第三时间点；和/或，
    所述第二二极管为第四开关管的体二极管，所述第四开关管的第一电极与所述第二开关管的第二电极耦合，所述第四开关管的第二电极与所述第一二极管的阴极耦合，所述方法还包括：
    在所述第三时间点导通所述第四开关管，并在所述第四时间点之后的第六时间点断开所述第四开关管，所述第六时间点不早于所述第二时间段的结束时间点，且不晚于下一个第一周期的第一时间点。
  15. 根据权利要求12至14中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    在当前第二周期的第三时间段，控制所述第一副边电路产生副边交流电能的正半周期电能，在所述当前第二周期的第四时间段，控制所述第一副边电路产生副边交流电能的负半周期电能；
    在所述第三时间段内的第七时间点，导通所述第一开关管，所述第七时间点与所述第三时间段的初始时间点间隔第三时延，所述第三时延用于调节所述第二副边电路输出的第二直流电能的电压值；
    在所述第七时间点之后的第八时间点，断开所述第一开关管，所述第八时间点不晚于下一个第二周期中，所述第三时间段的初始时间点；
    在所述第四时间段内的第九时间点，导通所述第二开关管，所述第九时间点与所述第四时间段的初始时间点间隔第四时延，所述第四时延用于调节所述第二副边电路输出的第二直流电能的电压值；
    在所述第九时间点之后的第十时间点，断开所述第二开关管，所述第十时间点不晚于下一个第二周期中，所述第四时间段的初始时间点。
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