WO2021047257A1 - 一种封闭式充电桩 - Google Patents

一种封闭式充电桩 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021047257A1
WO2021047257A1 PCT/CN2020/099993 CN2020099993W WO2021047257A1 WO 2021047257 A1 WO2021047257 A1 WO 2021047257A1 CN 2020099993 W CN2020099993 W CN 2020099993W WO 2021047257 A1 WO2021047257 A1 WO 2021047257A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gun
door
charging
storage chamber
charging gun
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/099993
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘悦
钟荣栋
李同兵
徐忠良
Original Assignee
东莞市趣电智能科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201910856233.4A external-priority patent/CN110525258B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201921505603.1U external-priority patent/CN210652741U/zh
Application filed by 东莞市趣电智能科技有限公司 filed Critical 东莞市趣电智能科技有限公司
Publication of WO2021047257A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021047257A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/14—Conductive energy transfer
    • B60L53/18—Cables specially adapted for charging electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/30—Constructional details of charging stations
    • B60L53/31—Charging columns specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
    • B65H75/00—Storing webs, tapes, or filamentary material, e.g. on reels
    • B65H75/02—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks
    • B65H75/34—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables
    • B65H75/38—Cores, formers, supports, or holders for coiled, wound, or folded material, e.g. reels, spindles, bobbins, cop tubes, cans, mandrels or chucks specially adapted or mounted for storing and repeatedly paying-out and re-storing lengths of material provided for particular purposes, e.g. anchored hoses, power cables involving the use of a core or former internal to, and supporting, a stored package of material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of charging piles, in particular to a closed charging pile.
  • An electric vehicle refers to a vehicle that is powered by an on-board power supply and driven by a motor to drive wheels, and meets the requirements of road traffic safety regulations.
  • BEV An electric vehicle
  • the penetration rate of electric vehicles has become higher and higher, and the problem of how to solve the problem of how electric vehicles can be charged in a timely and effective manner has also followed.
  • Charging piles as a kind of equipment that specifically responds to the timely charging of electric vehicles and other products, have received widespread attention and recognition once they came out.
  • the charging guns are all exposed and easily damaged by external factors, such as dust, moisture, etc.;
  • the interior of the charging pile is not divided into different spaces, and the electronic control components, cable winding mechanism and other structures are concentrated, resulting in low safety and prone to accidents such as leakage.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a charging pile with better protection and higher safety.
  • the present invention provides a closed charging pile, which includes a housing, an electronic control assembly, a winding mechanism, and a charging gun. Separate partitions, and the partition plate separates an electrical chamber, a cable storage chamber, and a charging gun storage chamber in the functional chamber, the electrical control assembly is arranged in the electrical chamber, and the winding
  • the mechanism is arranged in the cable storage chamber, the winding mechanism includes a rotatable winding reel, a cable is wound on the winding reel, the charging gun is disposed in the charging gun storage chamber, and the partition plate
  • a cable inlet and outlet connecting the cable storage chamber and the charging gun storage chamber is provided, one end of the cable passes through the cable inlet and outlet and is connected to the charging gun, and the housing is provided with
  • the charging gun storage chamber is connected with an opening, and the opening is provided with a door panel.
  • the partition plate includes a first partition plate and a second partition plate, and the first partition plate divides the functional chamber into a first functional chamber and a second functional chamber, so The first functional chamber is the charging gun storage chamber, and the second partition plate is arranged in the second functional chamber and separates the second functional chamber into the electrical chamber and the cable In the receiving chamber, the cable inlet and outlet are arranged on the first partition plate.
  • the door plate is connected to the first partition plate or the shell plate that encloses the charging gun receiving chamber by the swing mechanism, and the door plate can follow the swing mechanism A reciprocating offset movement is made with respect to the housing to open or close the opening.
  • the door panel makes a reciprocating offset movement relative to the housing in a manner of keeping parallel with the plane where the opening is located.
  • the swing mechanism includes a curved first link, and the door panel participates in enclosing the charging gun storage chamber through the first link and the first partition plate or the housing.
  • the shell plate of the first link is connected to the door panel, one end of the first link is hinged to the door panel, and the other end of the first link is connected to the first partition plate or the shell to form the charging gun storage
  • the shell of the chamber is hinged.
  • the swing mechanism includes a door shaft and a curved second link, the door shaft is provided on the first partition plate or the housing participates in enclosing the charging gun storage chamber On the shell panel, the door panel is connected to the door shaft through the second connecting rod, one end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the door panel, and the other end of the second connecting rod is connected to the door shaft Fixed connection.
  • a door opening and closing motor electrically connected to the electronic control assembly is provided on the first partition plate or the housing plate where the housing participates in enclosing the charging gun receiving chamber, and the door opening and closing plate The motor is drivingly connected with the door shaft.
  • a door limit switch electrically connected to the electronic control assembly is provided on the side of the door shaft, and a trigger for triggering the door limit switch is provided on the door shaft.
  • the door limit switch is provided with a door open end position switch arm and a door close end position switch arm, and the trigger includes a door open end position trigger member and a door close end position trigger member;
  • the door-opening in-position trigger triggers the door-opening-in-position switch arm
  • the door-closing-in-position trigger triggers the door-closing-in-position switch arm
  • a door lock that is electrically connected to the electronic control assembly is provided on the first partition plate or the shell plate of the housing that participates in enclosing the charging gun receiving chamber, and the door lock is provided There is a retractable lock rod.
  • the inner side of the door panel is provided with a lock hole for the lock rod to be inserted. When the door panel completely closes the opening, the lock rod can be inserted into the lock hole to lock the lock.
  • the door panel is provided on the first partition plate or the shell plate of the housing that participates in enclosing the charging gun receiving chamber, and the door lock is provided There is a retractable lock rod.
  • the inner side of the door panel is provided with a lock hole for the lock rod to be inserted. When the door panel completely closes the opening, the lock rod can be inserted into the lock hole to lock the lock.
  • the door panel is provided on the first partition plate or the shell plate of the housing that participates in enclosing the charging gun receiving chamber, and the door lock is provided There is a retract
  • the winding mechanism includes a winding motor electrically connected to the electronic control assembly, and the winding reel is drivingly connected to the winding motor.
  • the charging gun storage chamber is provided with a cable take-up limit switch electrically connected to the electronic control assembly, and a position on the cable close to the charging gun is provided for triggering the cable take-up limit switch The limit block.
  • a gun seat is provided in the charging gun storage chamber, and the charging gun is placed on the gun seat.
  • a judgment switch electrically connected to the electronic control assembly is provided on the gun base, and the judgment switch is used to judge whether the charging gun is placed in place.
  • the charging gun storage chamber is provided with a receiving gun driving device electrically connected to the electronic control assembly, and the receiving gun driving device can drive the gun base to enter and exit the charging gun from the opening Storage chamber.
  • the movement track of the gun holder is provided with a gun receiving position located in the charging gun storage chamber and a gun sending position located outside the charging gun storage chamber, and the charging gun storage chamber is provided with a receiving gun position.
  • the gun limit switch and the gun delivery limit switch are both electrically connected to the electronic control assembly. When the gun base moves to the retract position, the gun retract limit switch is triggered, and the gun base moves to When the gun delivery position is triggered, the gun delivery limit switch is triggered.
  • the charging gun accommodating chamber is provided with a receiving gun rotating shaft
  • the gun base is connected with the receiving gun rotating shaft and can rotate therewith
  • the receiving gun driving device is a receiving gun motor
  • the rotating shaft of the receiving gun is drivingly connected with the motor of the receiving gun.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a closed charging pile. Compared with the prior art, its beneficial effects are as follows:
  • the charging gun is hidden inside the shell and is always protected by the shell, so that it will not be damaged due to the influence of external factors such as sand, water mist, dust, etc.;
  • the door panel will not interfere with the edge of the opening when it is offset, which can improve the smoothness of the door panel opening and closing and improve the user's operating experience.
  • the slats ensure the airtightness of the door panel. It can prevent rainwater from entering the electrical chamber from the avoidance gap;
  • the electronic control components, winding mechanism, and charging gun are separately located in different chambers, not centralized, and the partition plate has a certain waterproof function, so it has higher safety and is not prone to accidents such as leakage;
  • the charging pile realizes the automatic delivery and withdrawal of the charging gun, which significantly improves the convenience of taking and putting the charging gun;
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a charging pile according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a charging pile according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of a charging pile according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the backside structure of a charging pile according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the switch state of the door panel of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a winding mechanism using a synchronous belt drive according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a winding mechanism adopting gear transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the guide rail, the first fairlead ring, and the second fairlead ring of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view of the rotation of the gun base of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gun base of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic structural diagram of another gun holder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram of the installation positions of the cable take-up limit switch, the gun take-up limit switch, and the gun delivery limit switch of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • first, second, etc. are used in the present invention to describe various information, but the information should not be limited to these terms, and these terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other.
  • first information may also be referred to as “second” information
  • second information may also be referred to as “first” information.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a charging pile, which mainly includes a housing 1, an electronic control component, a winding mechanism, and a charging gun 2.
  • the housing 1 is in the shape of a cube, and its interior is a functional chamber.
  • the functional chamber is provided with a partition plate for waterproofing, and the partition plate separates the electrical chamber 101, the cable storage chamber 102, and the charging gun in the functional chamber.
  • the partition plate includes a first partition plate 3 and a second partition plate 4, and the first partition plate 3 is horizontally arranged in the functional chamber and divides the functional chamber into a first functional chamber and a second functional chamber.
  • the functional chamber where the first functional chamber is the charging gun storage chamber 103, which is located below the second functional chamber; the second partition plate 4 is vertically arranged in the second functional chamber and the second
  • the functional chamber is divided into the above-mentioned electrical chamber 101 and the cable storage chamber 102, and the electrical chamber 101 and the cable storage chamber 102 are distributed back and forth; in order to achieve the waterproof effect, the first partition 3 and the second partition
  • the edges of the board 4 are provided with sealing rings.
  • the electric control assembly is arranged in the electric chamber 101 and includes a main control board 5, an air switch 6 and a PCB board 7, which are electrically connected and fixed on the second partition board 4.
  • the winding mechanism is arranged in the cable storage chamber 102, and the winding mechanism includes a rotatable winding reel 8 on which a cable 9 is wound.
  • the charging gun 2 is arranged in the charging gun storage chamber 103, the first partition plate 3 is provided with a cable inlet and outlet 301 connecting the cable storage chamber 102 and the charging gun storage chamber 103, and one end of the cable 9 passes through the cable inlet and outlet 301 And connected with the charging gun 2.
  • the front of the housing 1 is provided with an opening communicating with the charging gun storage chamber 103, and the opening is provided with a door panel 10.
  • the charging gun 2 is hidden inside the housing 1 and is always protected by the housing 1, so that it will not be damaged due to the influence of external factors such as sand, water mist, dust, etc.; at the same time, due to the electronic control components ,
  • the winding mechanism, and the charging gun 2 are respectively arranged in different chambers such as the electrical chamber 101, the cable storage chamber 102, and the charging gun storage chamber 103. They are not concentrated together, and the partition plate has a certain waterproof function, thus For the electronic control component, it is not easily affected by other structures and has higher safety. Furthermore, the charging pile is not prone to accidents such as leakage.
  • the front of the housing 1 is also provided with an access port communicating with the electrical chamber 101, and the access port is provided with a detachable cover 11.
  • the access port is provided with a detachable cover 11.
  • the door panel 10 is flush with the cover panel 11 when closed.
  • the back of the housing 1 is provided with a fixing frame 12 for connecting with a wall or a column.
  • the fixing frame 12 is elongated and arranged horizontally, or is block-shaped and provided with a horizontal connecting plate edge.
  • the back of the housing 1 is stepped, which includes a first step surface 104 and a second step surface 105, and the first step surface 104 is provided on the second step surface.
  • the first step surface 104 is closer to the front surface of the casing 1 than the second step surface 105, and the fixing frame 12 is installed on the first step surface 104.
  • the back surface of the housing 1 can also be flat, and since it belongs to a conventional technology, it will not be repeated here.
  • the door panel 10 is connected to the first partition plate 3 through a swing mechanism, and the door panel 10 can make a reciprocating offset movement relative to the housing 1 along with the swing mechanism. Movement, the door panel 10 opens or closes the opening.
  • the swing mechanism includes a first link 13, a door shaft 14, and a second link 15.
  • the door panel 10 is connected to the first partition plate 3 through a curved first link 13, wherein the first link One end of 13 is hinged to the door panel 10, and the other end is hinged to the first partition plate 3; the door shaft 14 is arranged on the first partition plate, and the door panel 10 is connected to the door shaft 14 through a second connecting rod 15 that is also curved.
  • the first link 13 and the second link 15 are both set to two, and there is one first link 13 and one second link 15 constitute a group of connecting rod groups, and the two groups of connecting rod groups are respectively arranged near the two ends of the door shaft 14.
  • the door panel 10 can make a reciprocating offset movement relative to the housing 1 in a manner that is parallel to the plane where the opening is located, so as not to occupy too much space, but also to expose the opening to the greatest extent. Pick and place the charging gun.
  • a door opening and closing motor 16 is also provided on the first partition plate 3, and the opening and closing motor 16 is provided at one end of the door shaft 14 and passes through
  • the coupling 17 is connected to the door shaft 14, and the door opening and closing motor 16 is electrically connected to the main control board 5.
  • the door shaft 14 and the door opening and closing motor 16 are both fixed on the side of the first partition plate 3 facing the electrical chamber 101.
  • the partition 3 is provided with a through hole 302 for the second connecting rod 15 to pass through when rotating, and a waterproof cover (not shown in the figure) is also provided at the through hole 302 to prevent rainwater from entering the electrical chamber 101 from the through hole 302 .
  • a door limit switch 18 electrically connected to the main control board 5 is provided on the side of the door shaft 14, and a trigger for triggering the door limit switch 18 is provided on the door shaft 14 Pieces (not shown).
  • the door limit switch 18 is provided with a door open end switch arm and a door close end switch arm.
  • the trigger includes a door open end trigger member and a door close end trigger member.
  • the door shaft 14 When the door panel 10 is fully opened, the door shaft 14 The door open end trigger triggers the door open end switch arm, the door limit switch 18 sends a stop signal to the main control board 5, and the main control board 5 then controls the door switch motor 16 to stop running to prevent the door panel 10 from exceeding the limit position and being damaged; similarly, When the door panel 10 completely closes the opening, the door-closing in-position trigger on the door shaft 14 triggers the door-closing-in-position switch arm, the door limit switch 18 sends a signal to the main control board 5, and the main control board 5 then controls the door opening/closing motor 16 to stop running. Prevent it from over-running.
  • the door open end switch arm and the door close end switch arm are bolts, and the two are directly screwed to the door shaft 14.
  • a door lock 19 for locking the door panel 10 is provided on the first partition plate 3, and a retractable lock rod 1901 is provided on the door lock 19.
  • the inner side of the door panel 10 is provided The lock hole (not shown in the figure) into which the lock rod 1901 is inserted.
  • the lock rod 1901 is inserted into the lock hole to lock the door panel 10.
  • the door lock 19 is also electrically connected to the main control board 5, so that the door lock 19 can be automatically locked and unlocked.
  • the door panel 10 can also be connected to the shell panel of the housing 1 that encloses the charging gun receiving chamber 103 through a swing mechanism, so as to achieve offset in other directions, for example, to the horizontal Lateral direction offset or downward offset, at this time, the door opening and closing motor 16 and the door shaft 14 are arranged on the shell plate of the housing 1 to which the swing mechanism is connected.
  • the side of the door panel 10 away from the opening when the opening is opened is marked as the first side 1001.
  • the first side 1001 forms a clearance gap between the door panel 10 and the edge of the opening when the door panel 10 completely closes the opening.
  • a slat 20 is provided in the avoidance gap.
  • the first side 1001, the edge of the opening, and the slat 20 enclose the avoidance groove 21. Based on the above avoidance gap, the door panel 10 will not interfere with the edge of the opening when it is deflected, thereby improving the smoothness of the door panel 10 when opening and closing, and improving the user's operating experience; at the same time, the slats 20 ensure the sealing of the door panel 10.
  • the avoidance gap and slats 20 are provided between the top edge of the door panel 10 and the bottom edge of the cover plate 11.
  • the avoidance groove 21 is surrounded by the top edge of the door panel 10, the bottom edge of the cover plate 11 and the slats 20. to make.
  • the winding reel 8 is provided with a winding groove
  • the cable 9 is wound in the winding groove
  • the center of the winding reel 8 is provided with a central rotating shaft 22, and its two ends are respectively passed through the winding groove
  • the line bearing seat is connected with the first partition plate 3 and the back shell plate of the housing 1.
  • the winding mechanism further includes a winding motor 23 electrically connected to the main control board 5, and the winding motor 23 is drivingly connected to the winding reel 8. Specifically, there are two transmission modes for the winding motor 23 and the winding reel 8.
  • the winding motor 23 is provided with a first transmission wheel
  • the central rotating shaft 22 is provided with a second transmission wheel 24, and the first transmission wheel It is connected to the second transmission wheel 24 by a timing belt 25;
  • the winding motor 23 is provided with a winding gear 26
  • the winding reel 8 is provided with a perforation 801 around its rotation centerline, and the winding gear 26 Engage with the tooth hole 801.
  • the cable storage chamber 102 is also provided with a cable reel 27, which is fixed above the cable inlet and outlet 301 by a bracket 28.
  • a cable port is provided between the cable reel 27 and the bracket 28, and the cable 9 Pass through the cable opening.
  • a guide rail 29 is provided in the charging gun storage chamber 103.
  • One end of the guide rail 29 is connected to the cable inlet and outlet 301, and the other end points to the opening, so as to facilitate the charging of the cable 9 Gun 2 enters and exits the opening.
  • a roller 30 is provided on the guide rail 29.
  • the end of the guide rail 29 pointing to the opening is provided with a first fairing ring 31.
  • the first fairing ring 31 is provided with a ring of first rollers surrounding its ring opening. The cable 9 passes through the ring opening of the first fairing ring 31.
  • the cable storage chamber 102 is provided with a second cable ring 32, the second cable ring 32 is provided at the cable inlet and outlet 301, and the side of the second cable ring 32 facing the charging gun storage chamber 103 is provided with a connecting plate 3201 ,
  • the connecting plate 3201 is fixedly connected to the first partition plate 3
  • the side of the connecting plate 3201 facing away from the second cable ring 32 is provided with a connecting post 3202 passing through the cable inlet and outlet 301
  • the guide rail 29 is butted with the cable inlet and outlet 301
  • One end of is connected to the connecting post 3202.
  • the second cable ring 32 is provided with a ring of second rollers surrounding its ring opening, and the cable 9 passes through the ring opening of the second cable ring 32.
  • the above-mentioned two cable guide rings can reduce the frictional force when the cable 9 enters and exits the guide rail 29, so that the cable 9 can be retracted and unloaded more smoothly.
  • the charging gun storage chamber 103 is provided with a cable take-up limit switch 33 electrically connected to the main control board 5, and the cable 9 is close to
  • the position of the charging gun 2 is provided with a limit block (not shown) for triggering the cable take-up limit switch 33.
  • the cable take-up limit switch 33 is provided on the first cable ring 31.
  • a contact plate can also be provided between the guide rail 29 and the opening of the housing 1, and the contact plate is provided There is a cable passing hole through which the cable 9 can pass but the limit block cannot pass, and the cable take-up limit switch 33 is arranged on the contact plate.
  • the stopper in the final stage of the cable take-up, when the stopper moves to the first fairlead 31 with the cable 9, the stopper cannot pass through the ring opening of the first fairlead 31, so the cable 9 will Stop entering the cable receiving chamber 102.
  • the cable take-up limit switch 33 when the limit block moves to the first cable ring 31, the cable take-up limit switch 33 will be triggered, and the cable take-up limit switch 33 will then send a signal to the main control board 5.
  • the main control board 5 controls the winding motor 23 to stop running, so as to prevent the winding reel 8 from taking up the cable excessively.
  • a gun base 34 is provided in the charging gun storage chamber 103, and the charging gun 2 is placed on the gun base 34.
  • the gun base 34 has two forms. One is that the gun base 34 is provided with a gun head support block 3401 and a gun tail support block 3402, the gun head support block 3401 is provided with a recess 3403, and a charging gun 2 The gun head of the gun is embedded in the recess 3403, the gun tail supporting block 3402 is provided with an arc groove 3404, and the gun tail of the charging gun 2 is embedded in the arc groove 3404; the other is that the gun base 34 is provided with a gun groove 3405 , The charging gun 2 is placed in the gun slot 3405, the groove wall of the gun slot 3405 is provided with an arc-shaped notch 3406, and the gun tail of the charging gun 2 is embedded in the arc-shaped notch 3406.
  • the charging gun storage chamber 103 is provided with a transmission gun driving device electrically connected to the main control board 5 of the electronic control assembly.
  • the gun driving device can drive the gun base 34 into and out of the charging gun storage chamber 103 from the opening, and the gun base 34 is provided with a gun receiving position and a gun sending position on the movement track.
  • the gun receiving position is located in the charging gun storage chamber 103
  • the gun sending position is located outside the charging gun storage chamber 103.
  • the delivery gun driving device is the delivery gun motor 35, which is fixed on the back shell plate of the housing 1, and the delivery gun shaft connected to the delivery gun motor 35 is provided in the charging gun 2 receiving gun chamber.
  • the rotating shaft of the receiving gun is fixed to the bottom shell plate of the housing 1 through the receiving gun bearing seat 36.
  • the gun seat 34 is connected with the rotating shaft of the receiving gun and can rotate with it.
  • the gun seat 34 The bottom is provided with rolling elements, such as rolling balls, rolling balls, etc., and the gun receiving position and the gun sending position are located on the rotation track of the gun base 34.
  • another driving mode can be used between the retracting gun motor 35 and the gun base 34, that is, the retracting gun motor 35 is fixed on the shell plate of the housing 1 and is provided with a retracting gun gear.
  • the bottom of 34 is provided with an arc-shaped or linear rack, and the gear of the receiving gun is meshed with the rack.
  • the gun base 34 can reciprocate along the rack, and the gun receiving position and the gun sending position are located at the rack.
  • the rack and the retracting gun motor 35 can exchange positions, that is, the rack is fixed on the shell plate of the housing 1, and the retracting gun motor 35 is fixed on the gun base 34.
  • the driving device of the delivery gun can also be a telescopic mechanism, the telescopic mechanism is provided with a telescopic rod, the gun base 34 is connected with the telescopic rod, and the bottom of the gun base 34 is provided with a rolling element to facilitate the movement.
  • the gun delivery position is located on the straight line where the telescopic rod is located.
  • the charging gun storage chamber 103 is provided with a gun receiving limit switch 37 and a gun sending limit switch 38, which are connected to the main control board. 5 Electrical connection.
  • the gun base 34 rotates to the retracting position, it triggers the retracting limit switch 37, and the retracting limit switch 37 sends a signal to the main control board 5, and the main control board 5 immediately controls the transmission gun motor 35 to stop running , To prevent the gun base 34 from continuing to rotate; similarly, when the gun base 34 rotates to the gun sending position, it touches the gun limit switch 38, and the gun sending limit switch 38 sends a signal to the main control board 5. Then, the motor 35 of the sending and receiving gun is controlled to stop running to prevent it from over-running.
  • the gun base 34 starts to rotate from the sending position to the receiving position, the gun base 34 is also provided with a main control board 5.
  • An electrical connection judging switch (not shown in the figure), which is used to judge whether the charging gun 2 is in place. If the charging gun 2 is placed in place, the judgment switch is triggered, and the judgment switch sends a signal to the main control board 5 that the transmission gun motor 35 is operable, and the transmission gun motor 35 runs immediately, driving the gun base 34 to rotate from the gun delivery position to the gun collection position.
  • the judgment switch can be a contact type sensor switch or an infrared beam switch.
  • Step 1 After the charging pile receives an external signal requesting charging (such as swiping card, coin, APP, remote control, etc.), the main control board 5 controls the door lock 19 to contract the lock lever 1901, and the door panel 10 is unlocked. At the same time, the main The control panel 5 controls the operation of the door opening and closing motor 16, and the door panel 10 shifts upwards until the door opening in-position trigger triggers the door opening and closing arm, and the main control panel 5 controls the door opening and closing motor 16 to stop running. At this time, the opening is fully opened;
  • an external signal requesting charging such as swiping card, coin, APP, remote control, etc.
  • Step 2 The main control board 5 controls the operation of the sending gun motor 35, and the sending gun motor 35 drives the gun holder 34 to rotate from the receiving gun position to the gun sending position until the gun holder 34 touches the sending gun limit switch 38, and the main control board 5 Control the sending and receiving gun motor 35 to stop running, at this time, the gun base 34 reaches the gun sending position;
  • Step 3 The user picks up the charging gun 2 to perform the charging operation. During this process, the cable 9 is drawn out from the cable inlet and outlet 301 along with the movement of the charging gun 2. At the same time, the reel 8 rotates to release the cable 9;
  • Step 4 When the charging gun 2 is pulled out of the charging port of the car, the main control board 5 receives the signal that the charging is completed, and then controls the winding motor 23 to run, and the winding motor 23 drives the winding reel 8 to rotate and start to take up the cable;
  • Step 5 In the final stage of cable take-up, the limit block triggers the cable take-up limit switch 33, the main control board 5 controls the winding motor 23 to stop running, and the cable take-up is completed;
  • Step 6 The user places the charging gun 2 on the gun holder 34. If the charging gun 2 is placed in place, the judgment switch is triggered, and the main control board 5 controls the operation of the sending gun motor 35, and drives the gun holder 34 from the sending gun position to the receiving position. The gun position rotates until the gun base 34 triggers the retracting limit switch 37, and the main control board 5 controls the sending and receiving gun motor 35 to stop running. At this time, the gun base 34 returns to the retracting position;
  • Step 7 the main control board 5 controls the operation of the door opening and closing motor 16, and the door panel 10 moves downwards until the door closing in place trigger triggers the door closing in place switch arm, and the main control board 5 controls the door opening and closing motor 16 to stop running. At this time, the opening is blocked by the door panel 10. Completely closed
  • Step 8 The main control board 5 controls the door lock 19 to extend the lock lever 1901, and the door panel 10 locks 19 fixed. At this point, the whole working process is over. It should be noted that the main control board 5 controls the switches and motors by conventional technology. , So I won’t repeat it here.
  • the present invention provides a charging pile, which has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
  • the charging gun 2 is hidden inside the housing 1 and is always protected by the housing 1, so that it will not be damaged due to the influence of external factors such as sand, water mist, dust, etc.;
  • the door panel 10 will not interfere with the edge of the opening when it is offset, which can improve the smoothness of the door panel 10 when opening and closing, and improve the user's operating experience.
  • the slats 20 ensure the door panel 10 The airtightness can prevent rainwater from entering the electrical chamber 101 from the avoidance gap;
  • the electric control components, the winding mechanism, and the charging gun 2 are respectively arranged in different chambers and are not concentrated together, and the partition plate has a certain waterproof function. Therefore, the charging pile has higher safety and is not easy to occur. Accidents such as electric leakage;
  • the charging pile realizes the automatic sending out and retracting of the charging gun 2, which significantly improves the convenience of taking out the charging gun 2;

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种封闭式充电桩，其充电枪（2）隐藏于壳体（1）的内部，始终受到壳体（1）的保护，从而不会因砂石、水雾、灰尘等外界因素的影响而破损；电控组件、绕线机构、充电枪（2）分别设于电气腔室（101）、电缆收纳腔室（102）、充电枪收纳腔室（103）不同腔室内，没有集中在一起，而分隔板又具有一定的防水功能，从而对于电控组件而言，其不易受到其他结构的影响，具有更高的安全性，进而，该充电桩不易发生漏电等意外事故。

Description

一种封闭式充电桩 技术领域
本发明涉及充电桩技术领域，尤其涉及一种封闭式充电桩。
背景技术
电动汽车(BEV)是指以车载电源为动力，用电机驱动车轮行驶，符合道路交通安全法规各项要求的车辆。由于电动汽车对环境的影响相对于传统汽车更小，其前景被广泛看好。近几年电动车的普及率越来越高，对于解决电动车如何能够及时有效地充电的问题也随之而来。充电桩作为一种专门应对电动汽车等产品及时充电的设备，一经问世就受到了广泛的关注和认可。
目前，市面上的充电桩各式各样，但大多存在如下问题：
1、充电枪都是外露的，容易受到外界因素的影响而破损，例如附着灰尘、受潮等；
2、充电桩的内部未分隔成不同的空间，电控组件、电缆绕线机构等结构集中在一起，导致安全性不高，容易发生漏电等意外事故。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种防护性更好，安全性更高的充电桩。
为了实现上述目的，本发明提供了一种封闭式充电桩，其包括壳体、电控组件、绕线机构以及充电枪，所述壳体的内部为功能腔室，所述功能腔室内设有分隔板，且所述分隔板在所述功能腔室内分隔出电气腔室、电缆收纳腔室以及充电枪收纳腔室，所述电控组件设于所述电气腔室内，所述绕线机构设于所述电缆收纳腔室内，所述绕线机构包括可转动的绕线盘，所述绕线盘上缠绕有电缆，所述充电枪设于充电枪收纳腔室内，所述分隔板设有连通所述电缆收纳腔室与所述充电枪收纳腔室的电缆进出口，所述电缆的一端穿过所述电缆进出口并与所述充电枪相连接，所述壳体设有与所述充电枪收纳腔室相连通的开口，且所述开口设有门板。
作为优选方案，所述分隔板包括第一分隔板和第二分隔板，所述第一分隔板将所述功能腔室分隔为第一功能腔室和第二功能腔室，所述第一功能腔室即为所述充电枪收纳腔室，所述第二分隔板设于第二功能腔室内并将所述第二功能腔室分隔为所述电气腔室和所述电缆收纳腔室，所述电缆进出口设于所述第一分隔板上。
作为优选方案，所述门板通过摆动机构与所述第一分隔板或所述壳体参与围成所述充电枪收纳腔室的壳板相连接，且所述门板可随着所述摆动机构相对于所述壳体作往复的偏移运动，以打开或关闭所述开口。
作为优选方案，所述门板以与所述开口所在的平面保持平行的方式相对于所述壳体作往复的偏移运动。
作为优选方案，所述摆动机构包括弯曲状的第一连杆，所述门板通过所述第一连杆与所述第一分隔板或所述壳体参与围成所述充电枪收纳腔室的壳板相连接，所述第一连杆的一端与所述门板铰接，所述第一连杆的另一端与所述第一分隔板或所述壳体参与围成所述充电枪收纳腔室的壳板铰接。
作为优选方案，所述摆动机构包括门轴和弯曲状的第二连杆，所述门轴设于所述第一分隔板上或所述壳体参与围成所述充电枪收纳腔室的壳板上，所述门板通过所述第二连杆与所述门轴相连接，所述第二连杆的一端与所述门板铰接，所述第二连杆的另一端与所述门轴固定连接。
作为优选方案，所述第一分隔板上或所述壳体参与围成所述充电枪收纳腔室的壳板上设有与所述电控组件电连接的开关门电机，所述开关门电机与所述门轴传动连接。
作为优选方案，所述门轴的旁侧设有与所述电控组件电连接的门限位开关，所述门轴上设有用于触发所述门限位开关的触发件。
作为优选方案，所述门限位开关设有开门到位开关臂和关门到位开关臂，所述触发件包括开门到位触发件和关门到位触发件；
当所述门板完全打开时，所述开门到位触发件触发所述开门到位开关臂，当所述门板完全关闭时，所述关门到位触发件触发所述关门到位开关臂。
作为优选方案，所述第一分隔板上或所述壳体参与围成所述充电枪收纳腔室的壳板上设有与所述电控组件电连接的门锁，所述门锁设有可伸缩的锁杆，所述门板的内侧设有供所述锁杆插入的锁孔，当所述门板完全关闭所述开口时，所述锁杆可插入所述锁孔内，以锁定所述门板。
作为优选方案，所述绕线机构包括与所述电控组件电连接的绕线电机，所述绕线盘与所述绕线电机传动连接。
作为优选方案，所述充电枪收纳腔室内设有与所述电控组件电连接的收缆限位开关，所述电缆上靠近所述充电枪的位置设有用于触发所述收缆限位开关的限位块。
作为优选方案，所述充电枪收纳腔室内设有枪座，所述充电枪放置于所述枪座上。
作为优选方案，所述枪座上设有与所述电控组件电连接的判断开关，所述判断开关用于判断所述充电枪是否放置到位。
作为优选方案，所述充电枪收纳腔室内设有与所述电控组件电连接的收送枪驱动装置，所述收送枪驱动装置可驱动所述枪座从所述开口进出所述充电枪收纳腔室。
作为优选方案，所述枪座的运动轨迹上设有位于所述充电枪收纳腔室内的收枪位和位于所述充电枪收纳腔室外的送枪位，所述充电枪收纳腔室内设有收枪限位开关和送枪限位开关，二者均与所述电控组件电连接，所述枪座运动至所述收枪位时触发所述收枪限位开关，所述枪座运动至所述送枪位时触发所述送枪限位开关。
作为优选方案，所述充电枪收纳腔室内设有收送枪转轴，所述枪座与所述收送枪转轴相连接并可随之转动，所述收送枪驱动装置为收送枪电机，所述收送枪转轴与所述收送枪电机传动连接。
本发明实施例提供一种封闭式充电桩，与现有技术相比，其有益效果在于：
1、充电枪隐藏于壳体的内部，始终受到壳体的保护，从而不会因砂石、水雾、灰尘等外界因素的影响而破损；
2、通过设置避让间隙，门板在偏移时不会与开口的边缘发生干涉，进而可提高门板开关时的顺畅度，改善用户的操作体验，与此同时，板条保证了门板的密封性，可防止雨水从避让间隙进入电气腔室内；
3、电控组件、绕线机构、充电枪分别设于不同腔室内，没有集中在一起，而且分隔板又具有一定的防水功能，因此具有更高的安全性，不易发生漏电等意外事故；
4、通过设置可自动进出开口的枪座，该充电桩实现了充电枪的自动送出和收回，显著地提高了取放充电枪时的便捷度；
5、通过设置各类限位开关及其联动方式，显著地提升了充电桩的自动化程度，减少了使用者的操作步骤，使充电操作更加的简单。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例的充电桩的整体结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例的充电桩的内部结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例的充电桩的剖视图；
图4是本发明实施例的充电桩的背面结构示意图；
图5是本发明实施例的门板的开关状态示意图；
图6是本发明实施例的采用同步带传动的绕线机构的结构示意图；
图7是本发明实施例的采用齿轮传动的绕线机构的结构示意图；
图8是本发明实施例的导向轨、第一导缆环以及第二导缆环的结构示意图；
图9是本发明实施例的枪座的转动示意图；
图10是本发明实施例的枪座的结构示意图；
图11是本发明实施例的另一种枪座的结构示意图；
图12是本发明实施例的收缆限位开关、收枪限位开关以及送枪限位开关的安装位置示意图。
图中：1、壳体；101、电气腔室；102、电缆收纳腔室；103、充电枪收纳腔室；104、第一阶面；105、第二阶面；2、充电枪；3、第一分隔板；301、电缆进出口；302、过孔；4、第二分隔板；5、主控板；6、空气开关；7、PCB板；8、 绕线盘；801、齿孔；9、电缆；10、门板；1001、第一侧边；11、盖板；12、固定架；13、第一连杆；14、门轴；15、第二连杆；16、开关门电机；17、联轴器；18、门限位开关；19、门锁；1901、锁杆；20、板条；21、避让槽；22、中心转轴；23、绕线电机；24、第二传动轮；25、同步带；26、绕线齿轮；27、排线轮；28、支架；29、导向轨；30、滚轴；31、第一导缆环；32、第二导缆环；3201、连接板；3202、连接柱；33、收缆限位开关；34、枪座；3401、枪头承托块；3402、枪尾承托块；3403、凹位；3404、弧形槽；3405、置枪槽；3406、弧形缺口；35、收送枪电机；36、收送枪轴承座；37、收枪限位开关；38、送枪限位开关。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其它实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
应当理解的是，本发明中采用术语“第一”、“第二”等来描述各种信息，但这些信息不应限于这些术语，这些术语仅用来将同一类型的信息彼此区分开。例如，在不脱离本发明范围的情况下，“第一”信息也可以被称为“第二”信息，类似的，“第二”信息也可以被称为“第一”信息。
如图1至图3以及图8所示，本发明实施例提供一种充电桩，其主要包括壳体1、电控组件、绕线机构以及充电枪2。壳体1呈立方体状，其内部为功能腔室，功能腔室内设有用于防水的分隔板，并且，分隔板在功能腔室内分隔出电气腔室101、电缆收纳腔室102以及充电枪收纳腔室103。示例性地，分隔板包括第一分隔板3和第二分隔板4，第一分隔板3水平地设置于功能腔室内并将功能腔室分隔为第一功能腔室和第二功能腔室，其中，第一功能腔室即为充电枪收纳腔室103，其位于第二功能腔室的下方；第二分隔板4竖直地设置于第二功能腔室内并将第二功能腔室分隔为上述的电气腔室101和电缆收纳腔室102，而且，电气腔室101和电缆收纳腔室102前后分布；为了达到防水的效果，第一分隔板3和第二分隔板4的边缘均设有密封圈。电控组件设于电气腔室101内，其包括 主控板5、空气开关6以及PCB板7，三者电连接并固定于第二分隔板4上。绕线机构设于电缆收纳腔室102内，绕线机构包括可转动的绕线盘8，绕线盘8上缠绕有电缆9。充电枪2设于充电枪收纳腔室103内，第一分隔板3设有连通电缆收纳腔室102与充电枪收纳腔室103的电缆进出口301，电缆9的一端穿过电缆进出口301并与充电枪2相连接。壳体1的正面设有与充电枪收纳腔室103相连通的开口，并且，该开口设有门板10。
基于上述结构，充电枪2隐藏于壳体1的内部，始终受到壳体1的保护，从而不会因砂石、水雾、灰尘等外界因素的影响而破损；与此同时，由于电控组件、绕线机构、充电枪2分别设于电气腔室101、电缆收纳腔室102、充电枪收纳腔室103等不同腔室内，没有集中在一起，而分隔板又具有一定的防水功能，从而对于电控组件而言，其不易受到其他结构的影响，具有更高的安全性，进而，该充电桩不易发生漏电等意外事故。
如图1和图4所示，壳体1的正面还设有与电气腔室101相连通的检修口，该检修口设有可拆卸的盖板11，当需要对电气腔室101内的各结构进行检修时，工作人员只需拆下盖板11即可，操作简单方便。在本实施例中，门板10在关闭时与盖板11齐平。另外，壳体1的背面设有用于与墙面或立柱连接的固定架12，固定架12呈长条状并横向布置，抑或是呈块状并设有横向的连接板边。此外，为了使充电桩能够更加平稳地安装在墙面上，壳体1的背面呈阶梯状，其包括第一阶面104和第二阶面105，第一阶面104设于第二阶面105的上方，并且，第一阶面104比第二阶面105更加靠近壳体1的正面，固定架12设于第一阶面104上。当然，壳体1的背面也可以为平面，由于其属于常规技术，故此处不再赘述。
如图1和图2所示，门板10通过摆动机构与第一分隔板3相连接，并且，门板10可随着该摆动机构相对于壳体1作往复的偏移运动，通过该偏移运动，门板10打开或关闭开口。具体而言，摆动机构包括第一连杆13、门轴14以及第二连杆15，门板10通过弯曲状的第一连杆13与第一分隔板3相连接，其中，第一连杆13的一端与门板10铰接，另一端与第一分隔板3铰接；门轴14设于第一分隔板上，门板10通过同样是弯曲状的第二连杆15与门轴14相连接，其中， 第二连杆15的一端与门板10铰接，另一端与门轴14固定连接。为了使门板10偏移时更加的平稳，在本实施例中，第一连杆13和第二连杆15皆设为两根，并且，一根第一连杆13和一根第二连杆15组成一组连杆组，两组连杆组分别靠近门轴14的两端设置。基于上述结构，门板10能够以与开口所在的平面保持平行的方式相对于壳体1作往复的偏移运动，从而既不会占用过多的空间，又可以最大程度的显露出开口，以便于充电枪的取放。
进一步的，如图1和图2所示，为了使门板10达到自动开关的效果，第一分隔板3上还设有开关门电机16，开关门电机16设于门轴14的一端并通过联轴器17与门轴14相连接，而且，开关门电机16与主控板5电连接。为了使门轴14和开关门电机16不占用充电枪收纳腔室103的空间，门轴14和开关门电机16均固定于第一分隔板3朝向电气腔室101的一侧，第一分隔板3上设有过孔302，以供第二连杆15转动时通过，并且，过孔302处还设有一防水罩(图未示)，以防止雨水从过孔302进入电气腔室101。另外，为了使门板10自动开关时能够准确到位，门轴14的旁侧设有与主控板5电连接的门限位开关18，门轴14上设有用于触发门限位开关18的触发件(图未示)。具体而言，门限位开关18设有开门到位开关臂和关门到位开关臂，对应的，触发件包括开门到位触发件和关门到位触发件，当门板10完全打开开口时，门轴14上的开门到位触发件触发开门到位开关臂，门限位开关18向主控板5发出停机信号，主控板5随即控制开关门电机16停止运转，以防止门板10超出极限位置而损坏；类似的，当门板10完全关闭开口时，门轴14上的关门到位触发件触发关门到位开关臂，门限位开关18向主控板5发出信号，主控板5随即控制开关门电机16停止运转，以防止其过度运转。在本实施例中，开门到位开关臂和关门到位开关臂为螺栓，二者直接旋接于门轴14上。
进一步的，如图2所示，第一分隔板3上设有用于锁定门板10的门锁19，门锁19上设有可伸缩的锁杆1901，与其对应的，门板10的内侧设有供锁杆1901插入的锁孔(图未示)。当门板10完全关闭开口时，锁杆1901插入锁孔内，以锁定门板10。在本实施例中，门锁19也同样与主控板5电连接，由此，门锁19 可实现自动上锁和解锁。
需要指出的是，除了向上偏移以外，门板10还可以通过摆动机构与壳体1参与围成充电枪收纳腔室103的壳板相连接，以实现向其他方向的偏移，例如，向水平侧方向偏移或向下偏移，此时，开关门电机16和门轴14设于摆动机构所连接的壳体1的壳板上。
如图1和图5所示，将门板10在打开开口时远离开口的侧边记为第一侧边1001，第一侧边1001在门板10完全关闭开口时与开口的边缘之间形成避让间隙，避让间隙内设有板条20，当门板10完全关闭开口时，第一侧边1001、开口的边缘以及板条20围成避让槽21。基于上述避让间隙，门板10在偏移时不会与开口的边缘发生干涉，进而可提高门板10开关时的顺畅度，改善用户的操作体验；与此同时，板条20保证了门板10的密封性，可防止雨水从避让间隙进入电气腔室101内。在本实施例中，避让间隙和板条20设于门板10的顶边与盖板11的底边之间，避让槽21由门板10的顶边、盖板11的底边以及板条20围成。
如图3、图6以及图7所示，绕线盘8上设有绕线槽，电缆9缠绕于绕线槽内，绕线盘8的中心设有中心转轴22，其两端分别通过绕线轴承座与第一分隔板3和壳体1的背壳板相连接。绕线机构还包括与主控板5电连接的绕线电机23，绕线电机23与绕线盘8传动连接。具体而言，绕线电机23与绕线盘8的传动方式有两种，一种是绕线电机23设有第一传动轮，中心转轴22上设有第二传动轮24，第一传动轮与第二传动轮24通过同步带25相连接；另一种是绕线电机23设有绕线齿轮26，绕线盘8上设有一圈围绕其转动中心线的齿孔801，绕线齿轮26与齿孔801相啮合。除此之外，电缆收纳腔室102内还设有排线轮27，其通过支架28固定于电缆进出口301的上方，排线轮27与支架28之间设有排线口，电缆9从排线口中穿过。
如图2、图6以及图8所示，充电枪收纳腔室103内设有导向轨29，导向轨29的一端与电缆进出口301对接，另一端指向开口，目的是方便电缆9随着充电枪2进出开口。为保证电缆9能够顺利的通过，导向轨29上设有滚轴30。导向轨29指向开口的一端设有第一导缆环31，第一导缆环31上设有一圈围绕其环口 的第一滚轮，电缆9从第一导缆环31的环口中穿过。电缆收纳腔室102内设有第二导缆环32，第二导缆环32设于电缆进出口301处，第二导缆环32朝向充电枪收纳腔室103的一侧设有连接板3201，连接板3201与第一分隔板3固定连接，连接板3201背向第二导缆环32的一侧设有穿过电缆进出口301的连接柱3202，导向轨29与电缆进出口301对接的一端与连接柱3202相连接。同样的，第二导缆环32上设有一圈围绕其环口的第二滚轮，电缆9从第二导缆环32的环口中穿过。上述两个导缆环可减小电缆9进出导向轨29时的摩擦力，使电缆9的收放更加的顺畅。
进一步地，如图8和图12所示，为了防止绕线盘8收缆过度，充电枪收纳腔室103内设有与主控板5电连接的收缆限位开关33，电缆9上靠近充电枪2的位置设有用于触发收缆限位开关33的限位块(图未示)。在本实施例中，收缆限位开关33设于第一导缆环31上，当然，若空间允许，也可以在导向轨29与壳体1的开口之间设置接触板，接触板上设有电缆9可穿过而限位块无法通过的过缆孔，收缆限位开关33设于该接触板上。基于上述触发机构，在收缆的最后阶段，限位块随着电缆9运动至第一导缆环31时，由于限位块无法从第一导缆环31的环口通过，因此电缆9会停止进入电缆收纳腔室102内，与此同时，限位块在运动至第一导缆环31时会触发收缆限位开关33，收缆限位开关33进而向主控板5发出信号，主控板5随即控制绕线电机23停止运转，达到防止绕线盘8过度收缆的目的。
如图1以及图9至图11所示，充电枪收纳腔室103内设有枪座34，充电枪2放置于枪座34上。具体而言，枪座34有两种形式，一种是枪座34上设有枪头承托块3401和枪尾承托块3402，枪头承托块3401设有凹位3403，充电枪2的枪头嵌于凹位3403内，枪尾承托块3402设有弧形槽3404，充电枪2的枪尾嵌于弧形槽3404内；另一种是枪座34设有置枪槽3405，充电枪2放置于置枪槽3405内，置枪槽3405的槽壁设有弧形缺口3406，充电枪2的枪尾嵌于弧形缺口3406内。
进一步地，如图9至图10所示，为了便于充电枪2的取放，充电枪收纳腔 室103内设有与电控组件的主控板5电连接的收送枪驱动装置，收送枪驱动装置可驱动枪座34从开口进出充电枪收纳腔室103，并且，枪座34的运动轨迹上设有收枪位和送枪位。其中，收枪位位于充电枪收纳腔室103内，送枪位位于充电枪收纳腔室103外。具体而言，收送枪驱动装置为收送枪电机35，其固定于壳体1的背壳板上，充电枪2收纳枪室内设有与收送枪电机35传动连接的收送枪转轴，收送枪转轴通过收送枪轴承座36固定于壳体1的底壳板上，枪座34与收送枪转轴相连接并可随其一起转动，为了便于枪座34转动，枪座34的底部设有滚动件，比如滚球、滚珠等，收枪位和送枪位位于枪座34的转动轨迹上。
可选地，收送枪电机35与枪座34之间还可以采用另外一种驱动方式，即，收送枪电机35固定于壳体1的壳板上并设有收送枪齿轮，枪座34的底部设有弧形或直线形的齿条，收送枪齿轮与齿条相啮合，由此，枪座34可沿着齿条作往复运动，收枪位和送枪位位于齿条所在的弧线或直线上，当然，齿条与收送枪电机35可以互换位置，即，齿条固定于壳体1的壳板上，收送枪电机35固定于枪座34上。除上述驱动方式以外，收送枪驱动装置还可以为伸缩机构，伸缩机构设有伸缩杆，枪座34与伸缩杆相连接，枪座34的底部设有滚动件，以方便移动，收枪位和送枪位位于伸缩杆所在的直线上。
进一步地，如图12所示，为了使枪座34自动转动时能够准确到位，充电枪收纳腔室103内设有收枪限位开关37和送枪限位开关38，二者与主控板5电连接。基于此，当枪座34转动至收枪位时，其触发收枪限位开关37，收枪限位开关37向主控板5发出信号，主控板5随即控制收送枪电机35停止运转，以防止枪座34继续转动；同样的，当枪座34转动至送枪位时，其触发送枪限位开关38，送枪限位开关38向主控板5发出信号，主控板5随即控制收送枪电机35停止运转，以防止其过度运转。
再进一步地，为了防止充电枪2在使用完毕后，在枪座34上未放置到位时，枪座34就开始由送枪位向收枪位转动，枪座34上还设有与主控板5电连接的判断开关(图未示)，其用于判断充电枪2是否放置到位。若充电枪2放置到位，则触发判断开关，判断开关向主控板5发送收送枪电机35可运转的信号，收送 枪电机35随即运转，驱动枪座34从送枪位转动至收枪位；若充电枪2未放置到位，则无法触发判断开关，收送枪电机35则不会运转，枪座34停留在送枪位，以提醒使用者。在本实施例中，判断开关可以为接触式的感应开关，也可以是红外线对射开关。
本发明实施例提供的充电桩的工作过程如下：
步骤一，当充电桩收到请求充电的外来信号(例如刷卡、投币、APP、遥控等信号)之后，主控板5控制门锁19收缩锁杆1901，门板10解锁，与此同时，主控板5控制开关门电机16运转，门板10向上偏移，直至开门到位触发件触发开门到位开关臂，主控板5控制开关门电机16停止运转，此时，开口被完全打开；
步骤二，主控板5控制收送枪电机35运转，收送枪电机35驱动枪座34从收枪位向送枪位转动，直至枪座34触发送枪限位开关38，主控板5控制收送枪电机35停止运转，此时，枪座34到达送枪位；
步骤三，使用者拿起充电枪2进行充电操作，在此过程当中，电缆9随着充电枪2的移动而从电缆进出口301被抽出，与此同时，绕线盘8转动，以放出电缆9；
步骤四，当充电枪2拔出汽车的充电口时，主控板5收到充电完毕的信号，随即控制绕线电机23运转，绕线电机23驱动绕线盘8转动，开始收缆；
步骤五，在收缆的最后阶段，限位块触发收缆限位开关33，主控板5控制绕线电机23停止运转，收缆完毕；
步骤六，使用者将充电枪2放置于枪座34上，若充电枪2放置到位，则触发判断开关，主控板5控制收送枪电机35运转，驱动枪座34从送枪位向收枪位转动，直至枪座34触发收枪限位开关37，主控板5控制收送枪电机35停止运转，此时，枪座34回到收枪位；
步骤七，主控板5控制开关门电机16运转，门板10向下运动，直至关门到位触发件触发关门到位开关臂，主控板5控制开关门电机16停止运转，此时，开口被门板10完全关闭；
步骤八，主控板5控制门锁19伸长锁杆1901，门板10锁19定，至此，整个工作过程结束，需要说明的是，由于主控板5对各开关及电机的控制为常规技术，故此处不再赘述。
综上，本发明提供一种充电桩，与现有技术相比，其具有如下有益效果：
1、充电枪2隐藏于壳体1的内部，始终受到壳体1的保护，从而不会因砂石、水雾、灰尘等外界因素的影响而破损；
2、通过设置避让间隙，门板10在偏移时不会与开口的边缘发生干涉，进而可提高门板10开关时的顺畅度，改善用户的操作体验，与此同时，板条20保证了门板10的密封性，可防止雨水从避让间隙进入电气腔室101内；
3、电控组件、绕线机构、充电枪2分别设于不同腔室内，没有集中在一起，而且分隔板又具有一定的防水功能，因此，该充电桩具有更高的安全性，不易发生漏电等意外事故；
4、通过设置可自动进出开口的枪座34，该充电桩实现了充电枪2的自动送出和收回，显著地提高了取放充电枪2时的便捷度；
5、通过设置各类限位开关及其联动方式，显著地提升了充电桩的自动化程度，减少了使用者的操作步骤，使充电操作更加的简单。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和替换，这些改进和替换也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种封闭式充电桩，其特征在于，包括壳体(1)、电控组件、绕线机构以及充电枪(2)，所述壳体(1)的内部为功能腔室，所述功能腔室内设有分隔板，且所述分隔板在所述功能腔室内分隔出电气腔室(101)、电缆收纳腔室(102)以及充电枪收纳腔室(103)，所述电控组件设于所述电气腔室(101)内，所述绕线机构设于所述电缆收纳腔室内(102)，所述绕线机构包括可转动的绕线盘(8)，所述绕线盘(8)上缠绕有电缆(9)，所述充电枪(2)设于充电枪收纳腔室(103)内，所述分隔板设有连通所述电缆收纳腔室(102)与所述充电枪收纳腔室(103)的电缆进出口(301)，所述电缆(9)的一端穿过所述第一孔(310)并与所述充电枪(2)相连接，所述壳体(1)设有与所述充电枪收纳腔室(103)相连通的开口，且所述开口设有门板(10)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的封闭式充电桩，其特征在于，所述分隔板包括第一分隔板(3)和第二分隔板(4)，所述第一分隔板(3)将所述功能腔室分隔为第一功能腔室和第二功能腔室，所述第一功能腔室即为所述充电枪收纳腔室(103)，所述第二分隔板设于第二功能腔室内并将所述第二功能腔室分隔为所述电气腔室(101)和所述电缆收纳腔室(102)，所述第一孔(301)设于所述第一分隔板(3)上。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的封闭式充电桩，其特征在于，所述门板(10)通过摆动机构与所述第一分隔板(3)或所述壳体(1)的参与围成所述充电枪收纳腔室(103)的壳板相连接，且所述门板(10)可随着所述摆动机构相对于所述壳体(1)作往复的偏移运动，以打开或关闭所述开口。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的封闭式充电桩，其特征在于，所述门板(10)以与所述开口所在的平面保持平行的方式相对于所述壳体(1)作往复的偏移运动。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的封闭式充电桩，其特征在于，所述摆动机构包括弯曲状的第一连杆(13)，所述门板(10)通过所述第一连杆(13)与所述第一分隔板(3)或所述壳体(1)的参与围成所述充电枪收纳腔室(103)的壳板相连接，所述第一连杆(13)的一端与所述门板(10)铰接，所述第一连杆(13) 的另一端与所述第一分隔板(3)或所述壳体(1)的参与围成所述充电枪收纳腔室(103)的壳板铰接。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的封闭式充电桩，其特征在于，所述摆动机构包括门轴(14)和弯曲状的第二连杆(15)，所述门轴(14)设于所述第一分隔板(3)上或所述壳体(1)的参与围成所述充电枪收纳腔室(103)的壳板上，所述门板(10)通过所述第二连杆(15)与所述门轴(14)相连接，所述第二连杆(15)的一端与所述门板(10)铰接，所述第二连杆(15)的另一端与所述门轴(14)固定连接。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的封闭式充电桩，其特征在于，所述第一分隔板(3)上或所述壳体(1)的参与围成所述充电枪收纳腔室(103)的壳板上设有与所述电控组件电连接的开关门电机(16)，所述第一电机(16)与所述门轴(14)传动连接。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的封闭式充电桩，其特征在于，所述门轴(14)的旁侧设有与所述电控组件电连接的门限位开关(18)，所述门轴(14)上设有用于触发所述门限位开关(18)的触发件。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的封闭式充电桩，其特征在于，所述门限位开关(18)设有开门到位开关臂和关门到位开关臂，所述触发件包括开门到位触发件和关门到位触发件；
    当所述门板(10)完全打开时，所述第一触发件触发所述第一开关臂，当所述门板(10)完全关闭时，所述第二触发件触发所述第二开关臂。
  10. 根据权利要求3所述的封闭式充电桩，其特征在于，所述第一分隔板(3)上或所述壳体(1)的参与围成所述充电枪收纳腔室(103)的壳板上设有与所述电控组件电连接的门锁(19)，所述门锁(19)设有可伸缩的锁杆(1901)，所述门板(10)的内侧设有供所述锁杆(1901)插入的锁孔，当所述门板(10)完全关闭所述开口时，所述锁杆(1901)可插入所述锁孔内，以锁定所述门板(10)。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的封闭式充电桩，其特征在于，所述绕线机构包括与所述电控组件电连接的绕线电机(23)，所述绕线盘(8)与所述第二电机(23) 传动连接。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的封闭式充电桩，其特征在于，所述充电枪收纳腔室(103)内设有与所述电控组件电连接的收缆限位开关(33)，所述电缆(9)上靠近所述充电枪(2)的位置设有用于触发所述收缆限位开关(33)的限位块。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的封闭式充电桩，其特征在于，所述充电枪收纳腔室(103)内设有枪座(34)，所述充电枪(2)放置于所述枪座(34)上。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的封闭式充电桩，其特征在于，所述枪座(34)上设有与所述电控组件电连接的判断开关，所述判断开关用于判断所述充电枪(2)是否放置到位。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的封闭式充电桩，其特征在于，所述充电枪收纳腔室(103)内设有与所述电控组件电连接的收送枪驱动装置，所述驱动装置可驱动所述枪座(34)从所述开口进出所述充电枪收纳腔室(103)。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的封闭式充电桩，其特征在于，所述枪座(34)的运动轨迹上设有位于所述充电枪收纳腔室(103)内的收枪位和位于所述充电枪收纳腔室(103)外的送枪位，所述充电枪收纳腔室(103)内设有收枪限位开关(37)和送枪限位开关(38)，二者均与所述电控组件电连接，所述枪座(34)运动至所述第二位置时触发所述第一充电枪限位开关(37)，所述枪座(34)运动至所述第二位置时触发所述第二充电枪限位开关(38)。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的封闭式充电桩，其特征在于，所述充电枪收纳腔室(103)内设有收送枪转轴，所述枪座(34)与所述转轴相连接并可随之转动，所述驱动装置为收送枪电机(35)，所述转轴与所述第三电机(35)传动连接。
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