WO2021045174A1 - Method for producing low-carbon ferrochromium - Google Patents
Method for producing low-carbon ferrochromium Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021045174A1 WO2021045174A1 PCT/JP2020/033512 JP2020033512W WO2021045174A1 WO 2021045174 A1 WO2021045174 A1 WO 2021045174A1 JP 2020033512 W JP2020033512 W JP 2020033512W WO 2021045174 A1 WO2021045174 A1 WO 2021045174A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/30—Obtaining chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- C22B34/32—Obtaining chromium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- the present invention relates to a method for producing low carbon ferrochrome.
- Low-carbon ferrochrome is an Fe-Cr alloy having a Cr of 60% by mass or more and a C of 0.1% by mass or less, and is used as a Cr additive for special steels, especially stainless steel.
- the Peran method has been used for a long time. In the Peran method, chromium ore and quicklime are used as raw materials, and a dissolved raw material obtained by dissolving them in an electric furnace is discharged, and a reducing agent is added to the dissolved raw material to produce low-carbon ferrochrome.
- a tilting electric furnace is used as the electric furnace, in which the molten raw material is discharged while tilting.
- the primary slag is discharged using a tilting electric furnace
- the surface of the molten material is exposed to the atmosphere. Therefore, there is a problem that heat is largely dissipated from the surface of the hot water to the atmosphere and the thermal efficiency is poor.
- the energization rate is lowered and the heat loss due to the shutdown is increased.
- the applicant proposes to use a fixed electric furnace instead of the tilting electric furnace (see Patent Document 1).
- a fixed electric furnace the molten raw material is discharged from the hot water outlet without tilting the furnace. Not all of the dissolved raw material is discharged, but remains as a pool at the bottom of the furnace after the hot water is discharged. If a fixed electric furnace is used, the solubility (thermal efficiency) of the raw material is improved by the effect of the hot water pool. Further, when the dissolved raw material is discharged, the surface of the molten metal can be covered with the undissolved raw material, so that heat dissipation from the surface of the molten metal to the atmosphere can be prevented.
- the dissolved raw material in which chromium ore and quicklime are dissolved has a high viscosity and a high melting point, and has a problem that it is easy to blow up.
- the blown-up dissolved raw material is solidified and must be redissolved, resulting in heat loss.
- the first object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing low-carbon ferrochrome that can suppress the blow-up of the dissolved raw material, increase the solubility, and reduce the electric power intensity.
- the temperature difference is not as large as that of a tilting electric furnace, so the refractory does not melt as much as the tilting electric furnace.
- the refractory cannot be easily replaced.
- the furnace must be stopped, the cooled and solidified primary slag must be dug up, and the refractory must be dismantled and built. Therefore, it is necessary to stop the furnace for a long period of time.
- a second object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing low carbon ferrochrome that can prevent the refractory of a fixed electric furnace from being melted.
- the first aspect of the present invention is to use chrome ore and fresh lime as raw materials, melt the dissolved raw material in an electric furnace, and add a reducing agent to the dissolved raw material.
- a fixed electric furnace that leaves a pool of hot water after hot water is discharged to the electric furnace is used, and the ratio of the set current of the electrode to the set voltage (set current / set voltage) is 30 A / V or more and 150 A /
- the second aspect of the present invention is to use chrome ore and fresh lime as raw materials, melt the dissolved raw material in an electric furnace, and add a reducing agent to the dissolved raw material.
- a fixed electric furnace that leaves a pool of hot water after hot water is discharged into the electric furnace is used, and the average power density on the current flow surface of the fixed electric furnace is 500 kW / m 2 or more and 3000 kW / m 2 or less. It is a production method of low carbon ferrochrome set to.
- the third aspect of the present invention is to use chrome ore and magnesium oxide as raw materials, dissolve them in an electric furnace, and add a reducing agent to the dissolved raw materials.
- a fixed electric furnace that leaves a pool of hot water in the electric furnace is used, and the mass ratio of MgO and Al 2 O 3 (MgO / Al 2) of the melting raw material of the fixed electric furnace is used.
- This is a method for producing low carbon ferrochrome in which O 3 ) is adjusted to 0.5 or more and 1.5 or less to form a chromium spinel type self-flying layer inside the refractory of the fixed electric furnace.
- the phenomenon of blowing up the dissolved raw material is caused by the electrode being immersed in the dissolved raw material.
- the carbon of the electrode reacts with the dissolved raw material to generate CO gas, and the CO gas blows up the dissolved raw material.
- the ratio of the set current of the electrode to the set voltage when controlling the ascending / descending of the electrode is determined. It can be set to a small value, that is, a high voltage and a low current. Therefore, the distance between the lower end of the electrode and the surface of the molten material can be increased, and the electrode can be prevented from being immersed in the dissolved raw material.
- the average power density (power density for melting the raw material) on the current transmission surface is reduced. Can be set. Therefore, the heat concentration and super heat in the core portion can be alleviated, and the sudden boiling-up phenomenon can be prevented from occurring in the molten raw material.
- a chromium spinel type refractory layer (a refractory equivalent to a Cr 2 O 3 chromate refractory) is formed inside the refractory of a fixed electric furnace, so that the refractory is a fixed type. It is possible to prevent the refractory of the electric furnace from melting and damage it, and it can be left unrepaired for a long period of time.
- FIG. 1 is a process diagram of a method for producing a low-carbon ferrochrome according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the method for producing low-carbon ferrochrome of the present embodiment first, chromium ore and quicklime as a medium solvent are used as raw materials, and these are dissolved in a fixed electric furnace to produce a dissolved raw material. Then, the molten raw material is discharged into the reaction vessel from the outlet of the fixed electric furnace (S1).
- silicochrome as a reducing agent and chasing chromium ore are added to the reaction vessel from which the dissolved raw material is discharged, and the reaction vessel is stirred by bottom-blowing an inert gas (S2). It should be noted that two pans may be used as reaction vessels, and stirring may be performed by relaying between the two pans.
- the reduction reaction between chromium oxide and silicon in the chromium ore proceeds as follows. Cr 2 O 3 + 3/2Si ⁇ 2Cr + 3/2SiO 2 ... (1)
- the liberated SiO 2 reacts with quicklime as described in (2) and (3) below to form slag.
- slag is generated as in (3), the amount of free SiO 2 in (1) decreases, and the reduction reaction in (1) proceeds from left to right.
- the molten low-carbon ferrochrome produced by the reduction reaction is cast into a mold to become a product.
- the low carbon ferrochrome of the product contains 60% by mass or more of Cr, 1.0% by mass or less of Si, and 0.1% by mass or less of C.
- the slag produced by the reduction reaction is separated from the molten low-carbon ferrochrome.
- siliconochrome is used as the reducing agent in the above embodiment, a silicon-based reducing agent such as metallic silicon may be used in addition to silicochrome.
- a silicon-based reducing agent such as metallic silicon
- an aluminum-based reducing agent such as aluminum or an aluminum alloy
- a magnesium-based reducing agent such as magnesium or a magnesium alloy
- a calcium-based reducing agent such as calcium or a calcium alloy
- a mixture of these reducing agents may be used.
- FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of a fixed electric furnace used in the method of the present embodiment.
- a fixed electric furnace 1 is used as the electric furnace.
- Three electrodes (two electrodes 4a and 4b are omitted in FIG. 2 are shown) are inserted into the furnace body.
- the tips of the electrodes 4a and 4b are embedded in the raw material 11 of chromium ore and quicklime charged from the raw material chute 5.
- the raw material 11 is melted to form the dissolved raw material 12.
- the mud material 6 filled in the hot water outlet 2 is removed, and the hot water of the melting raw material 12 is discharged from the hot water outlet 2.
- the dissolved raw material 12 When the dissolved raw material 12 is discharged, the surface of the dissolved raw material 12 is covered with the undissolved raw material 11. After the hot water is discharged, the level of the dissolved raw material 12 drops to the level of the hot water outlet 2, but the dissolved raw material 12 remains as a hot water pool below the level of the hot water outlet 2.
- the charging, melting, and hot water discharge of the raw material 11 are repeatedly performed with the electrodes 4a and 4b energized.
- 7 is the bottom of the furnace and 8 is the iron skin.
- a refractory material 9 is provided inside the iron skin 8.
- 9a and 9b are bricks of refractory 9
- 9c is a stamp of refractory 9.
- Reference numerals 10a and 10b are electrode holders.
- the hot water level of the melting raw material 12 after hot water is adjusted to the level of the hot water outlet 2, but the hot water level of the melting raw material 12 after hot water is set to a predetermined level higher than that of the hot water outlet 2. You may match.
- H1 is the furnace depth, that is, the distance from the furnace bottom 7 to the lower surface of the upper ring 14.
- h2 is the depth of the hot water pool, that is, the distance from the bottom 7 to the level of the molten metal 12 after hot water is discharged (in the present embodiment, the distance from the bottom 7 to the hot water outlet 2).
- the ratio (h2 / h1) of the pool depth h2 to the furnace depth h1 is set to 0.2 or more and 0.6 or less. This is because if it exceeds 0.6, the amount of hot water discharged becomes too small. On the other hand, if it is less than 0.2, the amount of residual hot water is too small, and the effect of collecting hot water (the effect of improving the solubility of the raw material 11) is small.
- FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a fixed electric furnace.
- 21 is a breaker
- 22 is a transformer
- 4a, 4b, 4c are electrodes
- 3 is a furnace body
- 23 is a current detector that detects the current (actual current) flowing through the electrode 4c
- 24 is a furnace grounded with the electrode 4c.
- a voltage detector that detects the voltage (actual voltage) between the body 3 and 25 is a motor of an electrode elevating device that raises and lowers the electrode 4c
- 26 is an electrode elevating control device that controls the elevating and lowering of the electrode 4c
- 27 is a motor 25. It is an inverter that supplies power. Note that, in FIG. 3, the current detector 23, the voltage detector 24, the motor 25, the electrode elevating control device 26, and the inverter 27 are actually provided for each of the three phases.
- the three electrodes 4a, 4b, and 4c are controlled to be raised and lowered one by one.
- the electrode elevating control device 26 uses the actual current and the actual voltage of the electrodes 4a, 4b, and 4c as input signals, and the ratio of the actual current to the actual voltage (actual current / actual voltage) becomes a set value (set current / set voltage).
- the electrodes 4a, 4b, and 4c are controlled to move up and down as described above.
- the electrode elevating control device 26 outputs a speed signal for raising the electrodes 4a, 4b, 4c to the inverter 27.
- the distance between the electrodes 4a, 4b, 4c and the molten metal surface can be reduced. In some cases, it becomes a heat-concentrated type and the solubility is improved, but on the contrary, the melting efficiency is lowered and the melting zone is reduced by super heat more than necessary.
- the ratio of the set current to the set voltage (set current / set voltage) is small, that is, high, to 30 A / V or more and 150 A / V or less because the solubility of the raw material is improved by the effect of the hot water pool in the fixed electric furnace. Set to voltage and low current.
- the distance between the lower ends of the electrodes 4a, 4b, 4c and the molten metal surface of the dissolution raw material 12 is increased, and the electrodes 4a, 4b, 4c are prevented from being immersed in the dissolution raw material 12. If it is less than 30 A / V, the solubility of the raw material 11 decreases. If it exceeds 150 A / V, the ratio of the set current becomes higher than the set voltage, and the electrodes 4a, 4b, and 4c may be immersed in the dissolved raw material 12.
- Table 1 shows the results of examining the effects of the ratio of the set current to the set voltage (A / V) on the immersiveness of the electrodes and the blow-up phenomenon.
- a / V exceeds 150 A / V
- the degree of immersion of the electrode in the dissolved raw material becomes large and the blow-up phenomenon occurs frequently
- the A / V is 150 A / V or less
- the immersion of the electrode is conspicuous. And it becomes good without the blow-up phenomenon occurring.
- it if it is less than 30 A / V, the immersion of the electrode and the blow-up phenomenon do not occur, but the dissolution becomes insufficient.
- the optimum ratio of the set current to the set voltage is 30 A / V or more and 150 A / V or less.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the fixed electric furnace 1.
- 3 is the furnace body
- 31 is the furnace wall
- 4a, 4b, 4c are the electrodes
- 32a, 32b, 32c are the current flow planes (also called reaction zones)
- R is the inner diameter of the furnace wall
- d is the diameter of the arrangement circle.
- D is the diameter of the electrode
- r is the radius of the current transmission surface.
- the diameter d of the arrangement circle is set to 1.0 m or more and 2.2 m or less.
- Three electrodes 4a, 4b, and 4c are arranged at equal intervals on the arrangement circle.
- the radii r of the three current transmission surfaces 32a, 32b, and 32c are the same.
- the radius r of the current transmission surfaces 32a, 32b, 32c is set so that the adjacent current transmission surfaces 32a, 32b, 32c are in contact with each other.
- the average power density (kW / m 2 ) on the current flow surface is represented by power / 3 ⁇ r 2.
- Electric power (kW) ⁇ 3 ⁇ IV ⁇ cos ⁇ .
- I is the actual current
- V is the actual voltage
- ⁇ is the power factor.
- 3 ⁇ r 2 is the area of the current transmission surface. If the average power density on the current transmission surface is large, the solubility of the raw material 11 is improved. However, since the solubility of the raw material 11 is improved by the hot water pooling effect of the fixed electric furnace 1, the average power density on the current transmission surface is set small to 500 kW / m 2 or more and 3000 kW / m 2 or less.
- the heat concentration and super heat in the core portion can be alleviated, and the sudden boiling-up phenomenon can be prevented from occurring in the molten material 12. If it is less than 500 kW / m 2 , the core portion becomes insufficient in heat, which causes an adverse effect on hot water discharge. When it exceeds 3000 kW / m 2 , heat concentration and super heat are generated in the core portion, and a sudden boiling blow-up phenomenon of the molten raw material 12 occurs.
- Table 2 shows the results of examining the effect of the average power density on the current transmission surface on the blow-up phenomenon in the A and B furnaces having different diameters.
- Table 2 shows the results of examining the effect of the average power density on the current transmission surface on the blow-up phenomenon in the A and B furnaces having different diameters.
- Table 2 shows the results of examining the effect of the average power density on the current transmission surface on the blow-up phenomenon in the A and B furnaces having different diameters.
- Table 2 shows the results of examining the effect of the average power density on the current transmission surface on the blow-up phenomenon in the A and B furnaces having different diameters.
- the mass ratio (MgO / Al 2 O 3 ) of MgO and Al 2 O 3 of the melting raw material 12 is 0.5 or more. Adjusted to 5 or less.
- the composition of the dissolved raw material 12 is analyzed, and the mass ratio of MgO and Al 2 O 3 (MgO / Al 2 O 3 ) of the dissolved raw material 12 is determined.
- the raw material 11 is adjusted so as to be 0.5 or more and 1.5 or less.
- the chrome ore of the raw material 11, the content of high content of chromium ore, Al 2 O 3, or the MgO is present a high chrome ore.
- the mass ratio of MgO and Al 2 O 3 is low, increasing the amount of high content of chromium ore MgO, when the mass ratio of MgO and Al 2 O 3 is high, the content of Al 2 O 3 is high chromium Increase the amount of ore compounded. If that can not be adjusted by chromium ore is charged with MgO source and / or Al 2 O 3 source. Then, a chromium spinel-type self-flying layer 51 shown by diagonal lines in the figure is formed inside the refractory material 9.
- the self-flying layer 51 prevents the refractory 9 from being melted. If it is less than 0.5, the self-flying layer 51 is severely melted and a sufficient self-flying layer 51 is not formed. If it exceeds 1.5, the raw material is insufficiently dissolved and the dissolution zone becomes small. In addition, the viscosity of the dissolved raw material 12 becomes high, which causes an adverse effect on hot water discharge.
- a chromium ore having a high MgO content and / or an MgO source is concentrated in the vicinity of the partially melted portion 52. Enter. Then, the mass ratio of MgO and Al 2 O 3 of the melting raw material 12 is adjusted to the above range, and the chromium spinel type self-flying layer 51 is intensively formed in the vicinity of the partially melted portion 52. As a result, the partially melted portion 52 is repaired.
- FIG. 5 is a state diagram of Cr 2 O 3- Mg O-Al 2 O 3. As shown in FIG. 5, if Cr 2 O 3 : MgO: Al 2 O 3 of the dissolution raw material 12 is adjusted to a molar ratio of 38.5%: 44.7%: 16.8%, a chromium spinel 53 is formed. can do.
- Table 3 shows the composition of the dissolution raw material 12.
- MgO raw material for melting 12 the Al 2 O 3 in a weight ratio of 1: be adjusted to 1
- MgO raw material for melting 12 44.7% of Al 2 O 3 molar ratio: be adjusted to 16.8% it can.
- the mass of Cr 2 O 3 of the dissolution raw material 12 is sufficiently larger than that of Mg O and Al 2 O 3, and it is easy to adjust the molar ratio as described above.
- Low carbon ferrochrome was produced according to the production process diagram of FIG. Table 4 shows (1) the amount of raw materials used, (2) the amount of electricity used in the fixed electric furnace, (3) the amount of hot water discharged from the dissolved raw materials, (4) the amount of auxiliary materials used, and (5) the amount of low-carbon ferrochrome. The amount of slag produced and (6) dissolved power intensity are shown.
- Table 5 shows the operating conditions of fixed electric furnaces (A furnace and B furnace having different diameters).
- Example 1 the ratio of the set current of the electrode to the set voltage (set current / set voltage) was set to 85 A / V, and the average power density on the current transmission surface was set to 1200 kW / m 2. No noticeable blow-up of the dissolved raw material occurred. As shown in Example 2, even when the set current / set voltage was set to 145 A / V and the average power density on the current transmission surface was set to 1150 kW / m 2 , no noticeable blow-up of the dissolved raw material occurred. .. As shown in Example 3, when the set current / set voltage was set to 60 A / V and the average power density on the current transmission surface was set to 2350 kW / m 2 , no conspicuous blow-up of the dissolved raw material occurred.
- Adjust the raw material so that the mass ratio of MgO and Al 2 O 3 (MgO / Al 2 O 3 ) of the dissolved raw material is 0.5 or more and 1.5 or less, and chrome spinel type self-flying layer inside the refractory. was formed.
- temperature sensors 17a, 17b, and 17c were attached to the side wall of the furnace body 3 and the furnace bottom 7, and these temperatures were measured.
- a plurality of temperature sensors 17a are provided on the upper portion of the side wall of the furnace body 3 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.
- a plurality of temperature sensors 17b are provided at the lower part of the side wall of the furnace body 3 at equal intervals in the circumferential direction.
- FIG. 6A shows the transition of the furnace body temperature. As shown in FIG. 6A, the furnace body temperature was stable on both the side wall and the bottom of the furnace body and maintained a substantially constant value.
- FIG. 6B shows the transition of the furnace body temperature when a partially melted portion is generated in the refractory.
- the temperature of the furnace body (particularly the bottom of the furnace) rose due to the occurrence of a partially melted part in the refractory. Therefore, as shown by A and B in FIG. 6B, chromium ore having a high MgO content was intensively charged in the vicinity of the partially melted portion for 2 days, and MgO and Al 2 were charged. the weight ratio of O 3 was adjusted to the above range. The partially melted part was repaired, and the temperature of the furnace body dropped and became stable.
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Abstract
Description
Cr2O3+3/2Si→2Cr+3/2SiO2…(1)
ここで、遊離したSiO2は、以下の(2)(3)のように生石灰と反応し、スラグが生成する。
CaO+SiO2→CaO・SiO2…(2)
2CaO+SiO2→2CaO・SiO2…(3)
(2)(3)のようにスラグが生成すると、(1)の遊離のSiO2が少なくなり、(1)の還元反応は左から右に進む。 The reduction reaction between chromium oxide and silicon in the chromium ore proceeds as follows.
Cr 2 O 3 + 3/2Si → 2Cr + 3/2SiO 2 … (1)
Here, the liberated SiO 2 reacts with quicklime as described in (2) and (3) below to form slag.
CaO + SiO 2 → CaO ・ SiO 2 … (2)
2CaO + SiO 2 → 2CaO ・ SiO 2 … (3)
(2) When slag is generated as in (3), the amount of free SiO 2 in (1) decreases, and the reduction reaction in (1) proceeds from left to right.
2…出湯口
4a,4b,4c…電極
7…炉底
8…鉄皮
9…耐火物
11…原料
12…溶解原料
51…セルフライニング層
h1…炉深さ
h2…湯溜まり深さ 1 ... Fixed
Claims (4)
- クロム鉱石と生石灰を原料とし、それらを電気炉で溶解した溶解原料を出湯し、前記溶解原料に還元剤を加えて低炭素フェロクロムを製造する方法において、
前記電気炉に出湯後に湯溜まりを残す固定型電気炉を用い、
電極の設定電流と設定電圧との比(設定電流/設定電圧)を30A/V以上150A/V以下に設定する低炭素フェロクロムの製造方法。 In a method of producing low-carbon ferrochrome by using chromium ore and quicklime as raw materials, hot water is prepared by dissolving them in an electric furnace, and a reducing agent is added to the dissolved raw materials.
Using a fixed electric furnace that leaves a pool of hot water in the electric furnace after hot water is discharged,
A method for producing low carbon ferrochrome in which the ratio of the set current of the electrode to the set voltage (set current / set voltage) is set to 30 A / V or more and 150 A / V or less. - クロム鉱石と生石灰を原料とし、それらを電気炉で溶解した溶解原料を出湯し、前記溶解原料に還元剤を加えて低炭素フェロクロムを製造する方法において、
前記電気炉に出湯後に湯溜まりを残す固定型電気炉を用い、
前記固定型電気炉の電流貫流面における平均電力密度を500kW/m2以上3000kW/m2以下に設定する低炭素フェロクロムの製造方法。 In a method of producing low-carbon ferrochrome by using chromium ore and quicklime as raw materials, hot water is prepared by dissolving them in an electric furnace, and a reducing agent is added to the dissolved raw materials.
Using a fixed electric furnace that leaves a pool of hot water in the electric furnace after hot water is discharged,
A method for producing low-carbon ferrochrome, in which the average power density on the current-through surface of the fixed electric furnace is set to 500 kW / m 2 or more and 3000 kW / m 2 or less. - 前記固定型電気炉の湯溜まり深さと炉深さとの比(湯溜まり深さ/炉深さ)を0.2以上0.6以下に設定することを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の低炭素フェロクロムの製造方法。 The invention according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ratio of the pool depth of the fixed electric furnace to the furnace depth (pool depth / furnace depth) is set to 0.2 or more and 0.6 or less. A method for producing low carbon ferrochrome.
- クロム鉱石と生石灰を原料とし、それらを電気炉で溶解した溶解原料を出湯し、前記溶解原料に還元剤を加えて低炭素フェロクロムを製造する方法において、
前記電気炉に出湯後に湯溜まりを残す固定型電気炉を用い、
前記固定型電気炉の前記溶解原料のMgOとAl2O3の質量比(MgO/Al2O3)を0.5以上1.5以下に調整し、前記固定型電気炉の耐火物の内側にクロムスピネル型のセルフライニング層を形成する低炭素フェロクロムの製造方法。 In a method of producing low-carbon ferrochrome by using chromium ore and quicklime as raw materials, hot water is prepared by dissolving them in an electric furnace, and a reducing agent is added to the dissolved raw materials.
Using a fixed electric furnace that leaves a pool of hot water in the electric furnace after hot water is discharged,
The mass ratio of MgO and Al 2 O 3 (MgO / Al 2 O 3 ) of the melting raw material of the fixed electric furnace is adjusted to 0.5 or more and 1.5 or less, and the inside of the refractory of the fixed electric furnace is adjusted. A method for producing low-carbon ferrochrome that forms a chrome spinel-type self-flying layer.
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CN113293315A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-08-24 | 包头洪盛化工有限责任公司 | Method for improving quality and reducing consumption of low-micro-carbon ferrochrome smelting by supplementing silicon outside furnace |
Citations (3)
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JPS6452013A (en) * | 1987-08-20 | 1989-02-28 | Nippon Kokan Kk | Production of low carbon ferro-chromium |
JPH02203189A (en) * | 1989-01-30 | 1990-08-13 | Nkk Corp | Sprue part of fixed type electric furnace for low-carbon ferrochrome |
JP2016114272A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2016-06-23 | K2システム有限会社 | Application method for electric resistance furnace |
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JP2016114272A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2016-06-23 | K2システム有限会社 | Application method for electric resistance furnace |
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CN113293315A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-08-24 | 包头洪盛化工有限责任公司 | Method for improving quality and reducing consumption of low-micro-carbon ferrochrome smelting by supplementing silicon outside furnace |
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JPWO2021045174A1 (en) | 2021-11-18 |
JP2022019914A (en) | 2022-01-27 |
JP7013111B2 (en) | 2022-01-31 |
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