WO2021043264A1 - 用于液体复合弹簧的腔室 - Google Patents

用于液体复合弹簧的腔室 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021043264A1
WO2021043264A1 PCT/CN2020/113486 CN2020113486W WO2021043264A1 WO 2021043264 A1 WO2021043264 A1 WO 2021043264A1 CN 2020113486 W CN2020113486 W CN 2020113486W WO 2021043264 A1 WO2021043264 A1 WO 2021043264A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
chamber
liquid
wall
composite spring
spring according
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/113486
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘桂杰
丁行武
卜继玲
王永冠
夏彰阳
Original Assignee
株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 株洲时代新材料科技股份有限公司
Priority to US17/423,379 priority Critical patent/US20220128118A1/en
Priority to EP20860698.8A priority patent/EP3919774A4/en
Publication of WO2021043264A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021043264A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/10—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like
    • F16F13/102—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like characterised by features of flexible walls of equilibration chambers; decoupling or self-tuning means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/26—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper characterised by adjusting or regulating devices responsive to exterior conditions
    • F16F13/268—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper characterised by adjusting or regulating devices responsive to exterior conditions comprising means for acting dynamically on the walls bounding an equilibration chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/10—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/06—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/08—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper
    • F16F13/10—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like
    • F16F13/103—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper the damper being a fluid damper, e.g. the plastics spring not forming a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the plastics spring forming at least a part of the wall of the fluid chamber of the damper the wall being at least in part formed by a flexible membrane or the like characterised by method of assembly, production or treatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F13/00—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs
    • F16F13/04—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper
    • F16F13/26—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper characterised by adjusting or regulating devices responsive to exterior conditions
    • F16F13/262—Units comprising springs of the non-fluid type as well as vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or fluid springs comprising both a plastics spring and a damper, e.g. a friction damper characterised by adjusting or regulating devices responsive to exterior conditions changing geometry of passages between working and equilibration chambers, e.g. cross-sectional area or length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/30—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/308—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes incorporating damping devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2228/00—Functional characteristics, e.g. variability, frequency-dependence
    • F16F2228/06—Stiffness
    • F16F2228/066—Variable stiffness
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2230/00—Purpose; Design features
    • F16F2230/0005—Attachment, e.g. to facilitate mounting onto confer adjustability
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2230/00—Purpose; Design features
    • F16F2230/10—Enclosure elements, e.g. for protection
    • F16F2230/105—Flexible, e.g. bellows or bladder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F2230/00—Purpose; Design features
    • F16F2230/30—Sealing arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cavity for a liquid composite spring, which is used for a vehicle, especially a liquid composite spring for a rail vehicle.
  • the present invention proposes a chamber for a liquid composite spring, which is provided with a flexible chamber, so that it can provide varying stiffness.
  • the present invention proposes a chamber for a liquid composite spring, including:
  • An upper liquid chamber provided in the upper part of the outer wall, the upper liquid chamber is filled with liquid
  • a lower liquid chamber provided in the lower part of the outer wall, the lower liquid chamber is filled with liquid and can communicate with the upper liquid chamber;
  • the bottom of the outer wall is provided with a sealing member for sealing the lower liquid chamber, and the sealing member can be deformed so as to construct the lower liquid chamber into a flexible chamber.
  • a further improvement of the present invention is that the main body of the seal has a circular ring structure, and its outer edge is provided with a connecting edge along the axial direction of the outer wall, and the upper end of the connecting edge is connected to the bottom of the outer wall; The edge is connected to the mandrel.
  • a further improvement of the present invention is that the bottom of the outer wall is provided with a groove along the circumferential direction, and the upper end of the connecting edge of the sealing member is arranged in the groove.
  • a further improvement of the present invention is that a metal ring is provided between the connecting edge and the groove of the seal, and a flange is provided on the inner side of the upper part of the metal ring;
  • the flange is aligned with the connecting edge.
  • a further improvement of the present invention is that a rubber pad is arranged between the metal ring and the outer wall.
  • a further improvement of the present invention is that the outer wall, the metal ring and the seal are connected by bolts.
  • a further improvement of the present invention is that a protrusion structure is provided on the inner side of the sealing member, and the protrusion structure is clamped inside the mandrel.
  • a further improvement of the present invention is that the mandrel is provided with a step structure, and the step structure is provided with a clamping groove; the inner edge of the sealing member is provided at the lower part of the step structure, and the protruding structure is locked In the clamping slot.
  • a further improvement of the present invention is that a metal gasket is provided on the mandrel, and the metal gasket is detachably connected to the lower part of the seal.
  • a further improvement of the present invention is that the bottom of the upper liquid chamber is provided with a rubber body, and the lower liquid chamber is connected to the upper liquid chamber through a flow channel body and a plurality of partitions.
  • a further improvement of the present invention is that the rubber body is filled in the gap between the flow channel body and the partition.
  • the chamber for the liquid composite spring of the present invention is provided with a rigid outer wall and a flexible sealing element.
  • the volume and shape of the lower liquid chamber can be changed through the flexible sealing element, so that the chamber becomes a flexible chamber .
  • the cavity of the liquid composite spring of the present invention can provide optimized variable stiffness and damping effects, and avoid the phenomenon of dynamic softening of traditional metal rubber springs.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of a chamber for a liquid composite spring according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged schematic view of part A in Figure 1, showing the connection structure of the seal and the outer wall;
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of part B in Fig. 1, showing the connection structure of the seal and the mandrel.
  • Fig. 1 schematically shows a chamber for a liquid composite spring according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the chamber for a liquid composite spring according to the present invention especially a liquid composite spring for a vehicle, is provided with a flexible chamber, and thus can provide varying stiffness.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a chamber for a liquid composite spring according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes an outer wall 1.
  • the outer wall 1 has a cylindrical structure, and the outer wall 1 is made of a rigid material, preferably a metal outer wall 1.
  • An upper liquid chamber 11 is provided in the outer wall 1, the upper liquid chamber 11 is provided on the upper part of the outer wall 1, and the upper liquid chamber 11 is filled with liquid.
  • a lower liquid chamber 12 is provided in the outer wall 1, and the lower liquid chamber 12 is provided at the lower part of the outer wall 1 and has a certain distance from the upper liquid chamber 11.
  • the lower liquid chamber 12 is filled with liquid, and the liquid between the upper liquid chamber 11 and the lower liquid chamber 12 can circulate.
  • a rigid outer wall 1 and a sealing member 2 made of flexible material are provided in the chamber for the liquid composite spring according to this embodiment.
  • the lower liquid chamber 12 is sealed by the flexible seal 2 so that the lower liquid chamber 12 is configured as a flexible chamber.
  • the liquid can flow between the upper liquid chamber 11 and the lower liquid chamber 12 along with the vibration. In this process, the lower liquid chamber 12 will flow into or out of liquid, and the flexible seal 2 helps to lower the liquid. The expansion and contraction of the chamber 12.
  • the main body of the sealing member 2 is a circular ring structure, and the main body is arranged along the radial direction of the outer wall 1 and perpendicular to the height direction of the outer wall 1.
  • the outer edge of the sealing member 2 is provided with a connecting edge 21 which is arranged vertically upward in FIG. 1 along the axial direction of the outer wall 1.
  • the connecting edge 21 is connected to the bottom of the outer wall 1.
  • the inner edge of the seal 2 is connected to the mandrel 3.
  • the upper part of the mandrel 3 extends into the interior of the outer wall 1 and is connected with the upper liquid chamber 11 and the lower liquid chamber 12.
  • the seal 2 is connected to the middle of the mandrel 3.
  • the outer edge of the sealing member 2 is connected to the outer wall 1 through the connecting edge 21, and the transition position of the connecting part of the sealing member 2 and the outer wall 1 is smoother At the same time, the shape of the connecting edge 21 and the outer wall 1 are more matched. In this way, the connection between the seal 2 and the outer wall 1 is more stable.
  • the bottom of the outer wall 1 is provided with a groove 14 along the circumferential direction, and the groove 14 is provided on the inner side of the outer wall 1.
  • the edge 21 extends into the groove 14, and the upper end of the connecting edge 21 fits with the groove 14.
  • the groove 14 acts as a limit, which can ensure that the sealing element 2 and the outer wall 1 maintain a proper connection position.
  • a groove 14 is provided on the inner side of the outer wall 1.
  • the groove 14 can clamp the connecting edge 21, so as to ensure that the outer wall 1 and the sealing member 2 are connected to a proper position.
  • the structure of the groove 14 facilitates sealing.
  • a metal ring 22 is provided between the connecting edge 21 of the sealing member 2 and the outer wall 1, and the metal ring 22 is clamped in the groove 14.
  • the height of the metal ring 22 matches the depth of the groove 14.
  • the inner side of the metal ring 22 is provided with a flange 23, wherein the flange 23 is provided on the upper part of the metal ring 22.
  • the thickness of the flange 23 corresponds to the thickness of the connecting edge 21.
  • the connecting edge 21 is arranged inside the metal ring 22 and the upper end is aligned with the flange 23.
  • the metal ring 22 is connected to the edge of the seal 2. Since the seal is made of flexible material, it can be more firmly connected to the outer wall 1 through the metal ring 22. In addition, the metal ring 22 can increase the bonding area, thereby increasing the sealing performance.
  • a rubber pad 24 is provided between the metal ring 22 and the outer wall 1.
  • the rubber pad 24 has the same width as the metal ring 22 and is arranged in the groove 14.
  • the inner side of the rubber pad 24 is connected to the metal ring 22, and the outer side is connected to the groove 14.
  • the rubber pad 24 can have the effect of damping and sealing, and enhance the sealing performance of the lower liquid chamber 12 as a whole.
  • the outer wall 1, the metal ring 22 and the seal 2 are connected by bolts 25.
  • the sealing member 2 is provided with a number of screw holes
  • the metal ring 22 is provided with through holes or screw holes at corresponding positions on the outer wall 1.
  • the connecting edge 21 of the sealing member 2 When arranged inside the metal ring 22, the screw holes or through holes correspond to each other, and the bolts 25 are screwed into the screw holes, thereby connecting the outer wall 1, the metal ring 22 and the seal 2 together.
  • the connection is more stable, and at the same time, it is easy to disassemble and assemble.
  • a protrusion structure 26 is provided on the inner side of the sealing member 2, and the protrusion structure 26 is clamped inside the mandrel 3.
  • the protruding structure 26 is arranged on the upper and lower sides of the inner edge of the sealing member 2.
  • the protrusion structure 26 may be a ring of protrusions, or it may be a number of cylindrical or other shaped point protrusions.
  • a convex structure 26 is provided on the inner side of the sealing member 2 and penetrates into the mandrel 3, and is clamped to the mandrel 3 through the convex structure 26 In this way, the part of the sealing element 2 inside the mandrel 3 will not move, and the convex structure 26 can prevent the liquid from flowing out and enhance the sealing effect.
  • a step structure 31 is provided on the mandrel 3, and the step structure 31 is arranged one round along the circumference of the mandrel 3.
  • the upper part of the mandrel 3 is thicker and the lower part is thinner, and a step structure 31 is formed at the transition position between the thicker upper part and the thinner lower part.
  • the step structure 31 is provided with a clamping groove 32, and the shape of the clamping groove 32 matches the shape of the protruding structure 26.
  • the inner edge of the sealing member 2 is arranged at the lower part of the step structure 31, and the protruding structure 26 is clamped in the clamping groove 32.
  • a metal gasket 33 is provided on the mandrel 3, and the metal gasket 33 is detachably connected to the lower part of the seal 2.
  • the metal gasket 33 has a circular ring shape and is arranged at the lower part of the step structure 31 of the mandrel 3.
  • the inner circle of the metal gasket 33 is matched with the thinner part of the lower part of the mandrel 3.
  • the metal gasket 33 is provided with a groove body that cooperates with the protruding structure 26.
  • a rubber body 16 is provided at the bottom of the upper liquid chamber 11, and the rubber body 16 has good sealing performance and certain elasticity. In this way, the volume of the upper liquid chamber 11 can be changed, and during the liquid flow, the shape of the upper liquid chamber 11 can be guaranteed to change with the inflow or outflow of the liquid.
  • the lower liquid chamber 12 is connected to the upper liquid chamber 11 through a flow channel body 15 and a plurality of partitions 13.
  • the flow channel body 15 is provided with a damping flow channel, which is connected to the upper liquid chamber 11 and the lower liquid chamber 12.
  • the rubber body 16 is filled in the gap between the flow channel body 15 and the partition 13.
  • the flow channel body 15 is made of a flexible material such as rubber, which improves the deformability.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Combined Devices Of Dampers And Springs (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于液体复合弹簧的腔室，包括外壁（1），设置在外壁（1）内的上部的上液体腔室（11），上液体腔室（11）内填充有液体；以及设置在外壁（1）内的下部的下液体腔室（12），下液体腔室（12）内填充有液体，并且能够与上液体腔室（11）连通；其中，外壁（1）的底部设置有密封下液体腔室（12）的密封件（2），密封件（2）能够发生形变从而将下液体腔室（12）构造成柔性腔室。该用于液体复合弹簧的腔室设置有刚性的外壁和柔性的密封件，通过柔性的密封件能够改变下液体腔室的体积和形状，从而使腔室成为柔性的腔室。

Description

用于液体复合弹簧的腔室 技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于液体复合弹簧的腔室，用于车辆、尤其是轨道车辆的液体复合弹簧。
背景技术
车辆在轨道上行驶时，伴随产生复杂的振动现象，因此铁路车辆上安装衰减机械振动的弹簧装置是必不可少的。传统的橡胶锥形弹簧容易获得垂向、横向和纵向不同的刚度值，具有较好的非线性特点，因此更能够满足一般轴箱悬挂要求。但是由于橡胶材料的局限性，橡胶锥形弹簧随着频率的增加动刚度下降，出现高频动态软化的现象；同时橡胶材料的阻尼较小，对振动能量的耗散能力有限。
发明内容
针对上述问题，本发明提出了一种用于液体复合弹簧的腔室，设置有柔性的腔室，因而可以提供变化的刚度。
本发明提出了一种用于液体复合弹簧的腔室，包括：
外壁，
设置在所述外壁内的上部的上液体腔室，所述上液体腔室内填充有液体；以及
设置在所述外壁内的下部的下液体腔室，所述下液体腔室内填充有液体，并且能够与所述上液体腔室连通；
其中，所述外壁的底部设置有密封所述下液体腔室的密封件，所述密封件能够发生形变从而将所述下液体腔室构造成柔性腔室。
本发明的进一步改进在于，所述密封件的主体为圆环形结构，其外侧边缘设置有沿所述外壁轴向方向的连接边，所述连接边的上端连接所述外壁的底部；其内侧边缘连接芯轴。
本发明的进一步改进在于，所述外壁的底部沿周向设置有凹槽，所述密封件 的连接边的上端设置在所述凹槽内。
本发明的进一步改进在于，所述密封件的连接边与凹槽之间设置有金属环，所述金属环的上部内侧设置有凸缘；
其中，所述凸缘与所述连接边相对齐。
本发明的进一步改进在于，所述金属环与所述外壁之间设置有橡胶垫。
本发明的进一步改进在于，所述外壁、金属环以及密封件通过螺栓相连。
本发明的进一步改进在于，所述密封件的内侧设置有凸起结构，所述凸起结构卡接在所述芯轴的内部。
本发明的进一步改进在于，所述芯轴上设置有台阶结构，所述台阶结构上设置有卡接槽；所述密封件的内侧边缘设置在所述台阶结构的下部，所述凸起结构卡在所述卡接槽内。
本发明的进一步改进在于，所述芯轴上设置有金属垫片，所述金属垫片可拆卸式连接在所述密封件的下部。
本发明的进一步改进在于，所述上液体腔室的底部设置有橡胶体，所述下液体腔室通过流道体和若干隔板连接所述上液体腔室。
本发明的进一步改进在于，所述橡胶体填充在所述流道体和所述隔板之间的空隙内。
与现有技术相比，本发明的优点在于：
本发明所述的用于液体复合弹簧的腔室，设置有刚性的外壁和柔性的密封件，通过柔性的密封件能够改变下液体腔室的体积和形状，从而使腔室成为柔性的腔室。这样，本发明所述的液体复合弹簧的腔室能够提供优化的变刚度和阻尼效果，并避免出现传统金属橡胶弹簧动态软化的现象。
附图说明
图1是根据本发明的一个实施方案的用于液体复合弹簧的腔室的结构示意图；
图2是图1中局部A的放大示意图，显示了密封件与外壁的连接结构；
图3是图1中局部B的放大示意图，显示了密封件与芯轴的连接结构。
在附图中，相同的部件使用相同的附图标记。附图并未按照实际的比例绘制。
在附图中各附图标记的含义如下：1、外壁，2、密封件，3、芯轴，11、上 液体腔室，12、下液体腔室，13、隔板，14、凹槽，15、流道体，16、橡胶体，21、连接边，22、金属环，23、凸缘，24、橡胶垫，25、螺栓，26、凸起结构，31、台阶结构，32、卡接槽，33、金属垫片。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
图1示意性地显示了根据本发明的一个实施例的用于液体复合弹簧的腔室。根据本发明的用于液体复合弹簧的腔室，尤其用于车辆的液体复合弹簧，设置有柔性的腔室，因而可以提供变化的刚度。
图1示意性地显示了根据本发明的一个实施例的用于液体复合弹簧的腔室，其包括外壁1。所述外壁1为圆筒形结构，并且外壁1采用刚性材质，优选为金属外壁1。所述外壁1内设置有上液体腔室11，上液体腔室11设置在所述外壁1的上部，并且上液体腔室11内填充有液体。所述外壁1内设置有下液体腔室12，所述下液体腔室12设置在外壁1的下部，并且与所述上液体腔室11具有一定的距离。在本实施例中，下液体腔室12内填充有液体，并且上液体腔室11和下液体腔室12之间的液体可以流通。
在根据本实施例所述的用于液体复合弹簧的腔室中，设置有刚性的外壁1和柔性材质的密封件2。通过柔性的密封件2密封下液体腔室12，使下液体腔室12构造成柔性腔室。当振动时，液体能够随振动在上液体腔室11和下液体腔室12之间流动，在这个过程中下液体腔室12会流入液体或流出液体，柔性的密封件2有助于下液体腔室12的伸缩。
在一个实施例中，如图1所示，所述密封件2的主体为圆环形结构，其主体沿所述外壁1的径向方向设置，与所述外壁1的高度方向垂直。密封件2的外侧边缘设置有连接边21，所述连接边21沿所述外壁1的轴向方向，在图1中竖直向上设置。所述连接边21与所述外壁1的底部相连。所述密封件2的内侧边缘连接芯轴3。在本实施例中，所述芯轴3的上部伸入到外壁1的内部，与所述上液体腔室11和所述下液体腔室12相连。密封件2连接所述芯轴3的中部。
在使用根据本实施例所述的用于液体复合弹簧的腔室时，所述密封件2的外部边缘通过连接边21连接外壁1，密封件2上与外壁1连接部位的过渡的位置更加平滑，同时，连接边21与外壁1的形状更为匹配。这样，密封件2和外壁1 连接更加稳固。
在一个优选的实施例中，如图2所示，所述外壁1的底部沿周向设置有凹槽14，所述凹槽14设置在所述外壁1的内侧，所述密封件2的连接边21伸入到所述凹槽14内，并且，连接边21的上端与所述凹槽14相贴合。通过凹槽14起到限位的作用，能够保证密封件2和所述外壁1保持合适的连接位置。
在根据本实施例所述的用于液体复合弹簧的腔室中，外壁1的内侧设置有凹槽14。其中，凹槽14能够卡住连接边21，从而保证外壁1和密封件2连接到合适的位置。同时，凹槽14的结构有利于密封。
在一个实施例中，所述密封件2的连接边21与外壁1之间设置有金属环22，并且金属环22卡接在凹槽14内。金属环22的高度与凹槽14的深度相契合，金属环22放置在凹槽14内时，其下端与外壁1的底端相齐平。金属环22的内侧设置有凸缘23，其中凸缘23设置在金属环22的上部。其中，凸缘23的厚度与所述连接边21的厚度相对应。连接边21设置在金属环22内侧，上端与凸缘23对齐。
在根据本实施例所述的用于液体复合弹簧的腔室中，金属环22连接密封件2的边缘。由于密封件为柔性材质的，通过金属环22能够和外壁1更加稳固地相连。并且，金属环22能够增加贴合的面积，从而增加密封性。
在一个实施例中，所述金属环22与所述外壁1之间设置有橡胶垫24。所述橡胶垫24与金属环22的宽度相同，其设置在凹槽14内。橡胶垫24的内侧连接金属环22，外侧连接凹槽14。在本实施例中，橡胶垫24能够起到减振和密封的效果，增强了下液体腔室12整体的密封性。
在一个实施例中，所述外壁1、金属环22以及密封件2通过螺栓25相连。所述密封件2上设置有若干螺孔，金属环22和外壁1上相对应的位置设置通孔或螺孔，当所述金属环22设置在凹槽14内，密封件2的连接边21设置在金属环22内侧时，螺孔或通孔相互对应，通过螺栓25旋入到螺孔内，从而将外壁1、金属环22以及密封件2相连。通过螺栓25的连接方式，连接更加稳固，同时便于拆装。
在一个实施例中，如图3所示，所述密封件2的内侧设置有凸起结构26，所述凸起结构26卡接在所述芯轴3的内部。在本实施例中，所述的凸起结构26设置在密封件2的内侧边缘的上、下两面上。凸起结构26可以是一圈环形的凸起， 也可以是若干圆柱形或其他形状的点状凸起。
在根据本实施例所述的用于液体复合弹簧的腔室中，密封件2的内侧设置凸起结构26并深入到芯轴3的内部，通过凸起结构26卡接在所述芯轴3内，从而使密封件2在芯轴3内部的部分不会发生移动，并且凸起结构26能够防止液体流出，增强密封效果。
在一个实施例中，所述芯轴3上设置有台阶结构31，台阶结构31沿所述芯轴3的周向设置一周。芯轴3的上部较粗，下部较细，上部较粗的部位与下部较细的部位过渡的位置形成台阶结构31。所述台阶结构31上设置有卡接槽32，卡接槽32与所述凸起结构26的形状相匹配。所述密封件2的内侧边缘设置在所述台阶结构31的下部，所述凸起结构26卡在所述卡接槽32内。
在一个优选的实施例中，所述芯轴3上设置有金属垫片33，所述金属垫片33可拆卸式连接在所述密封件2的下部。其中，金属垫片33为圆环形，并设置在芯轴3的台阶结构31的下部。金属垫片33的内圆与芯轴3的下部较细的部分相配合。优选地，所述金属垫片33上设置有与所述凸起结构26相配合的槽体。
在一个实施例中，所述上液体腔室11的底部设置有橡胶体16，橡胶体16具有良好的密封性和一定的弹性。这样，使上液体腔室11的体积能够变化，在液体流动的过程中，能够保证上液体腔室11的形状随液体流入或流出而改变。在本实施例中，所述下液体腔室12通过流道体15和若干隔板13连接所述上液体腔室11。流道体15内设置有阻尼流道，阻尼流道连通所述上液体腔室11和下液体腔室12，在本实施例的液体复合弹簧伸缩发生形变时，上液体腔室11和下液体腔室12通过阻尼流道流通液体。
在另一个优选的实施例中，如图1所示，所述橡胶体16填充在所述流道体15和所述隔板13之间的空隙内。优选地，所述流道体15采用橡胶等柔性材质，提高了变形能力。
虽然已经参考优选实施例对本发明进行了描述，但在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下，可以对其进行各种改进并且可以用等效物替换其中的部件。尤其是，只要不存在结构冲突，各个实施例中所提到的各项技术特征均可以任意方式组合起来。本发明并不局限于文中公开的特定实施例，而是包括落入权利要求的范围内的所有技术方案。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种用于液体复合弹簧的腔室，包括：
    外壁，
    设置在所述外壁内的上部的上液体腔室，所述上液体腔室内填充有液体；以及
    设置在所述外壁内的下部的下液体腔室，所述下液体腔室内填充有液体，并且能够与所述上液体腔室连通；
    其中，所述外壁的底部设置有密封所述下液体腔室的密封件，所述密封件能够发生形变从而将所述下液体腔室构造成柔性腔室。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的用于液体复合弹簧的腔室，其特征在于，所述密封件的主体为圆环形结构，其外侧边缘设置有沿所述外壁轴向方向的连接边，所述连接边的上端连接所述外壁的底部；其内侧边缘连接芯轴。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的用于液体复合弹簧的腔室，其特征在于，所述外壁的底部沿周向设置有凹槽，所述密封件的连接边的上端设置在所述凹槽内。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的用于液体复合弹簧的腔室，其特征在于，所述密封件的连接边与凹槽之间设置有金属环，所述金属环的上部内侧设置有凸缘；
    其中，所述凸缘与所述连接边相对齐。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的用于液体复合弹簧的腔室，其特征在于，所述金属环与所述外壁之间设置有橡胶垫。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的用于液体复合弹簧的腔室，其特征在于，所述外壁、金属环以及密封件通过螺栓相连。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的用于液体复合弹簧的腔室，其特征在于，所述密封件的内侧设置有凸起结构，所述凸起结构卡接在所述芯轴的内部。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的用于液体复合弹簧的腔室，其特征在于，所述芯轴上设置有台阶结构，所述台阶结构上设置有卡接槽；所述密封件的内侧边缘设置在所述台阶结构的下部，所述凸起结构卡在所述卡接槽内。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的用于液体复合弹簧的腔室，其特征在于，所述芯轴上设置有金属垫片，所述金属垫片可拆卸式连接在所述密封件的下部。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的用于液体复合弹簧的腔室，其特征在于，所述上 液体腔室的底部设置有橡胶体，所述下液体腔室通过流道体和若干隔板连通所述上液体腔室。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的用于液体复合弹簧的腔室，其特征在于，所述橡胶体填充在所述流道体和所述隔板之间的空隙内。
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