WO2021043042A1 - 一种免维护的气体密度继电器及其相互校验方法 - Google Patents

一种免维护的气体密度继电器及其相互校验方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021043042A1
WO2021043042A1 PCT/CN2020/111255 CN2020111255W WO2021043042A1 WO 2021043042 A1 WO2021043042 A1 WO 2021043042A1 CN 2020111255 W CN2020111255 W CN 2020111255W WO 2021043042 A1 WO2021043042 A1 WO 2021043042A1
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Prior art keywords
gas density
value
pressure
temperature
gas
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PCT/CN2020/111255
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
金海勇
夏铁新
黄小泵
郭正操
常敏
王乐乐
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上海乐研电气有限公司
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Application filed by 上海乐研电气有限公司 filed Critical 上海乐研电气有限公司
Priority to US17/640,773 priority Critical patent/US20220336169A1/en
Priority to EP20861074.1A priority patent/EP4027366A4/en
Priority to JP2022515121A priority patent/JP2022548539A/ja
Publication of WO2021043042A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021043042A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L7/00—Measuring the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by mechanical or fluid pressure-sensitive elements
    • G01L7/02—Measuring the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by mechanical or fluid pressure-sensitive elements in the form of elastically-deformable gauges
    • G01L7/04—Measuring the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by mechanical or fluid pressure-sensitive elements in the form of elastically-deformable gauges in the form of flexible, deformable tubes, e.g. Bourdon gauges
    • G01L7/041—Construction or mounting of deformable tubes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K15/00—Testing or calibrating of thermometers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L27/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus for measuring fluid pressure
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L7/00—Measuring the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by mechanical or fluid pressure-sensitive elements
    • G01L7/02—Measuring the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by mechanical or fluid pressure-sensitive elements in the form of elastically-deformable gauges
    • G01L7/04—Measuring the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by mechanical or fluid pressure-sensitive elements in the form of elastically-deformable gauges in the form of flexible, deformable tubes, e.g. Bourdon gauges
    • G01L7/043—Measuring the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or a fluent solid material by mechanical or fluid pressure-sensitive elements in the form of elastically-deformable gauges in the form of flexible, deformable tubes, e.g. Bourdon gauges with mechanical transmitting or indicating means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
    • G01N9/26—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by measuring pressure differences
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H35/00—Switches operated by change of a physical condition
    • H01H35/24—Switches operated by change of fluid pressure, by fluid pressure waves, or by change of fluid flow
    • H01H35/26—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B13/00—Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle
    • H02B13/02—Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle with metal casing
    • H02B13/035—Gas-insulated switchgear
    • H02B13/065—Means for detecting or reacting to mechanical or electrical defects
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
    • H01H2300/02—Application transmission, e.g. for sensing the position of a gear selector or automatic transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H2300/00—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to electric switches, relays, selectors or emergency protective devices covered by H01H
    • H01H2300/052—Controlling, signalling or testing correct functioning of a switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/53—Cases; Reservoirs, tanks, piping or valves, for arc-extinguishing fluid; Accessories therefor, e.g. safety arrangements, pressure relief devices
    • H01H33/56—Gas reservoirs
    • H01H33/563—Gas reservoirs comprising means for monitoring the density of the insulating gas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H35/00—Switches operated by change of a physical condition
    • H01H35/24—Switches operated by change of fluid pressure, by fluid pressure waves, or by change of fluid flow
    • H01H35/26—Details
    • H01H35/28—Compensation for variation of ambient pressure or temperature

Definitions

  • 201910830162.0 title of invention: a maintenance-free gas density relay
  • the invention relates to the field of electric power technology, in particular to a maintenance-free gas density relay applied to high-voltage and medium-voltage electrical equipment and a mutual calibration method thereof.
  • SF6 sulfur hexafluoride
  • SF6 gas can undergo hydrolysis reaction with water at a high temperature of 200°C or higher to generate active HF and SOF 2 , corrode insulating parts and metal parts, and generate a lot of heat, which will increase the pressure of the gas chamber. high. 3) When the temperature drops, too much moisture may form condensation, which will significantly reduce the insulation strength of the surface of the insulator, or even flashover, causing serious harm. Therefore, the power grid operation regulations compulsorily stipulate that the density and water content of SF6 gas must be regularly tested before and during the operation of the equipment.
  • the current gas density monitoring system is basically: 1) The remote transmission type SF6 gas density relay is used to realize the collection and upload of density, pressure and temperature, and realize the online monitoring of gas density. 2) Use gas density transmitter to realize the collection and upload of density, pressure and temperature, and realize online monitoring of gas density.
  • the SF6 gas density relay is the core and key component, and the remote SF6 gas density relay or gas density transmitter is the core and key component, and how to ensure its normal operation is very important.
  • the present invention provides a maintenance-free gas density relay (or gas density monitoring device) for high-voltage or medium-voltage electrical equipment and a mutual calibration method thereof, which are used for monitoring the gas density of gas-insulated or arc-extinguishing electrical equipment At the same time, it also completes the online self-check or mutual verification of the gas density relay, which improves efficiency without maintenance, reduces operation and maintenance costs, and guarantees the safe operation of the power grid.
  • a maintenance-free gas density relay or gas density monitoring device for high-voltage or medium-voltage electrical equipment and a mutual calibration method thereof, which are used for monitoring the gas density of gas-insulated or arc-extinguishing electrical equipment
  • the first aspect of this application discloses a maintenance-free gas density relay (or gas density monitoring device), including: a gas density relay body, a first gas density detection sensor and an intelligent control unit; wherein,
  • the first gas density detection sensor is connected with the gas density relay body on the gas path, and is used to collect pressure values, temperature values, and/or gas density values; the intelligent control unit and the gas density relay body, And/or the first gas density detection sensor is connected to receive and/or calculate the data monitored by the gas density relay body and the first gas density detection sensor;
  • the intelligent control unit compares and verifies the first pressure value and the second pressure value collected under the same gas pressure; and/or, the intelligent control unit compares the first temperature value and the second pressure value collected under the same gas temperature The temperature value is compared and verified; or, the intelligent control unit compares and verifies the first density value and the second density value collected under the same gas density to obtain the current working status of the monitoring part of the gas density relay; or ,
  • the intelligent control unit uploads the received data to the background, and the background compares and verifies the first pressure value and the second pressure value collected under the same gas pressure; and/or, the background compares the same gas temperature The collected first temperature value and the second temperature value are compared and verified; or, the background checks the first density value and the second density value collected under the same gas density to obtain the monitoring of the gas density relay Part of the current working status;
  • first pressure value and the second pressure value come from the first gas density detection sensor or from the gas density relay body; the first temperature value and the second temperature One or two of the values come from the first gas density detection sensor or from the gas density relay body; one or two of the first density value and the second density value come from the The first gas density detection sensor or comes from the gas density relay body.
  • the current working state of the monitoring part of the gas density relay includes: a normal working state and an abnormal working state.
  • the gas density relay (or gas density monitoring device) sends out an abnormal prompt.
  • the gas density relay (or the gas density monitoring device) includes at least two first gas density detection sensors, and each first gas density detection sensor includes a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor; each first gas density The pressure value detected by the detection sensor is compared with the temperature value, or the gas density value, and the mutual verification of each first gas density detection sensor is completed.
  • the gas density relay (or the gas density monitoring device) further includes a second gas density detection sensor, and both the first gas density detection sensor and the second gas density detection sensor include a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor; The pressure value and temperature value, or gas density value of a gas density detection sensor are compared with the pressure value and temperature value or gas density value detected by the second gas density detection sensor to complete the comparison between the first gas density detection sensor and the second gas density detection sensor.
  • Mutual calibration of gas density detection sensors are used to complete the comparison between the first gas density detection sensor and the second gas density detection sensor.
  • the pressure value collected by the pressure sensor of any one of the first gas density detection sensor and the second gas density detection sensor is the first pressure value PA, and the temperature value collected by the temperature sensor is the first temperature value TA;
  • the first gas The pressure value collected by the pressure sensor of any other of the density detection sensor and the second gas density detection sensor is the second pressure value PB, and the temperature value collected by the temperature sensor is the second temperature value TB;
  • the intelligent control unit and/or the background Compare the first pressure value PA with the second pressure value PB to obtain the pressure difference
  • the gas density value collected by any one of the first gas density detection sensor and the second gas density detection sensor is the first density value PA20, and the gas density value collected by any other gas density value is the second density value PB20;
  • the control unit and/or background compares the first density value PA20 with the second density value PB20 to obtain the density difference
  • is within its preset threshold, the gas
  • each second gas density detection sensor includes a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor; the pressure value and temperature value detected by each second gas density detection sensor, or The gas density value is compared, and the mutual verification of each second gas density detection sensor is completed.
  • the comparison and verification method includes, but is not limited to, one of the corresponding difference within its preset threshold, the detection value within its set range, and the division of two corresponding detection values within its preset threshold.
  • the comparison and verification method includes, but is not limited to, one of the corresponding difference within its preset threshold, the detection value within its set range, and the division of two corresponding detection values within its preset threshold.
  • the first gas density detection sensor includes at least one pressure sensor and at least one temperature sensor; or, the first gas density detection sensor is a gas density transmitter composed of a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor; or, the The first gas density detection sensor is a density detection sensor using quartz tuning fork technology.
  • the density detection sensor of the quartz tuning fork technology uses the difference between the constant resonance frequency of a quartz oscillator in a vacuum and the resonance frequency of a quartz oscillator of the same origin in the measured gas, and the density of the measured gas It is proportional to the analog signal or digital signal of the gas density value after processing.
  • the pressure sensor is installed on the gas path of the gas density relay body.
  • the temperature sensor is installed on or outside the gas path of the gas density relay body, or inside the gas density relay body, or outside the gas density relay body.
  • At least one temperature sensor is arranged near the temperature compensation element of the gas density relay body, or arranged on the temperature compensation element, or integrated in the temperature compensation element.
  • at least one temperature sensor is arranged at one end of the pressure detector of the gas density relay body close to the temperature compensation element.
  • the intelligent control unit and/or background compares the ambient temperature value with the temperature value collected by each temperature sensor to complete the verification of each temperature sensor.
  • the temperature value collected by any temperature sensor is the first temperature value TA
  • the ambient temperature value is the second temperature value TB
  • the intelligent control unit and/or the background performs the first temperature value TA and the second temperature value TB Compare to obtain the temperature difference
  • the ambient temperature value is obtained by comprehensive judgment of the temperature values of other detection points of the system composed of a gas density relay (or gas density monitoring device); or it is obtained according to the weather forecast; or it is obtained from the same substation
  • the temperature values of other detection points are obtained through comprehensive judgment.
  • the first gas density detection sensor includes at least two pressure sensors, and the pressure values collected by each pressure sensor are compared to complete the mutual verification of each pressure sensor.
  • the pressure value collected by any one pressure sensor is the first pressure value PA
  • the pressure value collected by any other pressure sensor is the second pressure value PB
  • the intelligent control unit and/or the background combines the first pressure value PA with The second pressure value PB is compared to obtain the pressure difference
  • the current working state is normal working state, otherwise, it is abnormal working state.
  • the first gas density detection sensor includes at least two temperature sensors, and the temperature values collected by each temperature sensor are compared to complete the mutual verification of each temperature sensor.
  • the temperature value collected by any one temperature sensor is the first temperature value TA
  • the temperature value collected by any other temperature sensor is the second temperature value TB
  • the intelligent control unit and/or the background combines the first temperature value TA with The second temperature value TB is compared to obtain the temperature difference
  • the current working state is normal working state, otherwise, it is abnormal working state.
  • the first gas density detection sensor includes at least one pressure sensor and at least one temperature sensor; the pressure value collected by each pressure sensor and the temperature value collected by each temperature sensor are randomly arranged and combined, and each combination is arranged according to the gas pressure ⁇
  • the temperature characteristics are converted into multiple pressure values corresponding to 20°C, that is, gas density values, and each gas density value is compared to complete the mutual calibration of each pressure sensor and each temperature sensor; or,
  • the pressure value collected by each pressure sensor and the temperature value collected by each temperature sensor traverse all permutations and combinations, and convert each combination into multiple pressure values corresponding to 20°C according to the gas pressure-temperature characteristics, that is, the gas density value, and the density of each gas
  • the value is compared to complete the mutual verification of each pressure sensor and each temperature sensor; or,
  • the temperature sensor may be a thermocouple, a thermistor, or a semiconductor type; it may be a contact type or a non-contact type; it may be a thermal resistance or a thermocouple; it may be a digital type or an analog type.
  • the pressure sensor may also be a diffused silicon pressure sensor, a MEMS pressure sensor, a chip pressure sensor, a coil induction pressure sensor (such as a pressure sensor with an induction coil attached to a Baden tube), a resistance pressure sensor (such as a Baden tube). Pressure sensor with sliding wire resistance); it can be an analog pressure sensor or a digital pressure sensor.
  • the gas density relay (or the gas density monitoring device) further includes a temperature adjustment mechanism, the temperature adjustment mechanism is a temperature adjustable adjustment mechanism, the temperature adjustment mechanism is configured to adjust the gas density relay body
  • the temperature rise and fall of the temperature compensation element causes the gas density of the gas density relay body to change;
  • the intelligent control unit collects the contact signal value output when the contact of the gas density relay body is activated, which is the first density value PX20, which is preset
  • the contact signal value of is the second density value PB20
  • the intelligent control unit and/or the background compares the first density value PX20 with the second density value PB20 to obtain the contact signal difference
  • the gas density relay (or the gas density monitoring device) further includes a pressure adjustment mechanism, the pressure adjustment mechanism is a pressure adjustable adjustment mechanism, the pressure adjustment mechanism is configured to adjust the gas density relay body The pressure rises and falls to change the gas density of the gas density relay body; the intelligent control unit collects the contact signal value output when the contact of the gas density relay body is activated, which is the first density value PX20, the preset contact signal value Is the second density value PB20, the intelligent control unit and/or the background compares the first density value PX20 with the second density value PB20 to obtain the contact signal difference
  • is within its preset threshold, then the current working state of the monitoring part of the gas density relay (or gas density monitoring
  • the above-mentioned preset contact signal value is the standard (rated parameter) required contact signal value of the gas density relay body.
  • the temperature adjustment mechanism is a heating element; or,
  • the temperature adjustment mechanism includes a heating element, a heat preservation piece, a temperature controller, a temperature detector, and a temperature adjustment mechanism housing; or,
  • the temperature adjustment mechanism includes a heating element and a temperature controller; or,
  • the temperature adjustment mechanism includes a heating element, a heating power regulator, and a temperature controller; or,
  • the temperature adjustment mechanism includes a heating element, a refrigeration element, a heating power regulator, and a temperature controller; or,
  • the temperature adjustment mechanism includes a heating element, a heating power regulator, and a thermostat controller; or,
  • the temperature adjustment mechanism includes a heating element, a controller, and a temperature detector; or,
  • the temperature adjustment mechanism is a heating element, and the heating element is arranged near the temperature compensation element of the gas density relay body; or,
  • the temperature adjustment mechanism is a miniature thermostat
  • the number of the heating element is at least one, and the heating element includes, but is not limited to, silicone rubber heaters (silicone rubber heating plates, silicone rubber heating belts, silicone rubber heating wires), resistance wires, electric heating bands, and electric heating rods. , Hot air blower, infrared heating device, one of semiconductors;
  • the temperature controller is connected to the heating element to control the heating temperature of the heating element.
  • the temperature controller includes, but is not limited to, a PID controller, a controller that combines PID and fuzzy control, a frequency conversion controller, and a PLC One of the controllers.
  • the pressure adjusting mechanism is a closed air chamber, and a heating element and/or a cooling element are arranged outside or inside the closed air chamber, and the heating element is heated by the heating element and/or the cooling element is passed through Refrigeration causes the temperature of the gas in the airtight chamber to change, thereby completing the pressure rise and fall of the gas density relay body; or,
  • the pressure adjusting mechanism is a cavity with one end open, and the other end of the cavity is connected to the gas density relay body; there is a piston in the cavity, and one end of the piston is connected with an adjusting rod.
  • the outer end is connected with a driving part, the other end of the piston extends into the opening and is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the cavity, and the driving part drives the adjusting rod to drive the piston to move in the cavity ;or,
  • the pressure adjustment mechanism is a closed air chamber, the inside of the closed air chamber is provided with a piston, the piston is in sealing contact with the inner wall of the closed air chamber, and the outside of the closed air chamber is provided with a driving part, the The driving component pushes the piston to move in the cavity by electromagnetic force; or,
  • the pressure adjusting mechanism is an airbag with one end connected to a driving part, the airbag changes in volume under the driving of the driving part, and the airbag communicates with the gas density relay body; or,
  • the pressure adjusting mechanism is a bellows, one end of the bellows is connected to the gas density relay body, and the other end of the bellows is expanded and contracted under the drive of a driving component; or,
  • the pressure regulating mechanism is a bleed valve, and the bleed valve is a solenoid valve or an electric valve, or other bleed valves realized by electric or pneumatic means; or,
  • the pressure regulating mechanism is a compressor; or,
  • the pressure regulating mechanism is a pump, and the pump includes, but is not limited to, one of a pressure generating pump, a booster pump, an electric air pump, and an electromagnetic air pump;
  • the driving component includes, but is not limited to, one of a magnetic force, a motor, a reciprocating motion mechanism, a Carnot cycle mechanism, and a pneumatic element.
  • the gas density relay body includes a housing, and a base, a pressure detector, a temperature compensation element, a comparison signal device, and at least one signal generator arranged in the housing, and the gas density relay body passes pressure detection.
  • Monitor and temperature compensation element to monitor the gas density, and output the contact signal value through the signal generator;
  • the gas density relay body also has a comparison pressure value output signal.
  • the gas pressure of the gas density relay body monitored by the pressure detector rises or falls to a set gas pressure value, and the comparison signal device outputs A comparison pressure value output signal, which is connected to the intelligent control unit; and/or,
  • the gas density relay body also has a comparison density value output signal, the gas density of the gas density relay body monitored by the pressure detector and the temperature compensation element rises or falls to a set gas density value, so
  • the comparison signal device outputs a comparison density value output signal, and the comparison density value output signal is connected to the intelligent control unit.
  • the contact signal includes alarm and/or lockout.
  • the comparison signal device includes, but is not limited to, one of a micro switch, an electrical contact, a mercury switch, a photoelectric switch, a reed switch, a proximity switch, an electronic switch, a variable resistor, and a voltage or current measuring device.
  • a micro switch an electrical contact
  • a mercury switch a photoelectric switch
  • a reed switch a proximity switch
  • an electronic switch a variable resistor
  • a voltage or current measuring device includes, but is not limited to, one of a micro switch, an electrical contact, a mercury switch, a photoelectric switch, a reed switch, a proximity switch, an electronic switch, a variable resistor, and a voltage or current measuring device.
  • the signal generator includes, but is not limited to, one of a micro switch, an electrical contact, a mercury switch, a photoelectric switch, a reed switch, a proximity switch, and an electronic switch.
  • the pressure detector includes, but is not limited to, one of a Baden tube, a bellows, a bellows+spring, and a pressure sensor.
  • the comparison pressure value output signal output by the comparison signal device is the first pressure value PS
  • the pressure value collected by the first gas density detection sensor at the same time is the second pressure value PJ.
  • the control unit and/or the background compares the first pressure value PS with the second pressure value PJ to obtain the pressure difference
  • the current working state of the monitoring part of the density relay (or gas density monitoring device) is a normal working state, otherwise, it is an abnormal working state.
  • the comparison density value output signal output by the comparison signal device is the first density value PS20
  • the gas density value collected by the first gas density detection sensor at the same time is the second density value PJ20
  • the intelligent control unit and/or the background compares the first density value PS20 with the second density value PJ20 to obtain the density difference
  • the gas density relay or the gas density monitoring device further includes a camera, and the camera obtains the pointer display value or the number display value of the gas density relay body through the face recognition technology, which is the first density value PZ20, and the first density value is PZ20.
  • the gas density value collected by a gas density detection sensor at the same time is the second density value PJ20, and the intelligent control unit and/or the background compares the first density value PZ20 with the second density value PJ20 to obtain the density difference
  • the intelligent control unit obtains the gas density value collected by the first gas density detection sensor; or, the intelligent control unit obtains the pressure value and temperature value collected by the first gas density detection sensor to complete the The on-line monitoring of the gas density by the gas density relay or the gas density monitoring device is to complete the on-line monitoring of the gas density of the monitored electrical equipment.
  • the intelligent control unit uses an average value method (average value method) to calculate the gas density value, and the average value method is: within a set time interval, set the collection frequency, and collect all the different time Perform average calculation processing on the N gas density values of a point to obtain the gas density value; or,
  • N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the intelligent control unit obtains the gas density value collected by the first gas density detection sensor when the gas density relay body undergoes contact action or switching, and completes the gas density relay (or gas density monitoring device) Online verification; or,
  • the intelligent control unit obtains the pressure value and temperature value collected by the first gas density detection sensor when the contact action or switching of the gas density relay body occurs, and converts it into a pressure value corresponding to 20°C according to the gas pressure-temperature characteristic , The gas density value, completes the online verification of the gas density relay (or gas density monitoring device).
  • the gas density relay body and the first gas density detection sensor are an integrated structure; preferably, the gas density relay body and the first gas density detection sensor are an integrated remote gas Density relay.
  • the gas density relay body includes, but is not limited to, a bimetal-compensated gas density relay, a gas-compensated gas density relay, a bimetallic and gas-compensated hybrid gas density relay; a completely mechanical gas density relay, Digital gas density relay, mechanical and digital combined gas density relay; gas density relay with pointer display, digital gas density relay, gas density switch without display or indication; SF6 gas density relay, SF6 mixed gas density Relay, N2 gas density relay.
  • the intelligent control unit may be built in the digital gas density relay body (that is, the intelligent control unit is integrated into the integrated circuit or integrated circuit of the digital gas density relay body). Inside the chip, or the integrated circuit of the digital gas density relay body or the chip itself is also used as the intelligent control unit of the present application), or the intelligent control unit can also be separately provided outside the digital gas density relay body (that is, the present application).
  • the intelligent control unit is not integrated into the integrated circuit or chip of the digital gas density relay body, and the integrated circuit or chip of the digital gas density relay body is not used as the intelligent control unit described in this application).
  • the first gas density detection sensor is an integrated structure; preferably, the first gas density detection sensor is an integrated structure gas density transmitter.
  • the intelligent control unit completes the verification report, and if there is an abnormality, it sends an alarm and uploads it to the remote end or sends it to the designated receiver.
  • the intelligent control unit is provided with an electrical interface, and the electrical interface completes test data storage, and/or test data export, and/or test data printing, and/or data communication with an upper computer, and/or input Analog quantity, digital quantity information.
  • the intelligent control unit further includes a communication module that realizes long-distance transmission of test data and/or self-calibration results, and the communication mode of the communication module is a wired communication mode or a wireless communication mode.
  • the intelligent control unit is further provided with a clock, and the clock is configured to periodically set the self-calibration time of the gas density relay body, or record the test time, or record the event time.
  • the gas density relay (or gas density monitoring device) further includes a multi-way connector, and the gas density relay body, the first gas density detection sensor and the intelligent control unit are arranged on the multi-way connector .
  • the gas density relay (or gas density monitoring device) further includes a display interface for human-computer interaction, and the display interface is connected to the intelligent control unit to display current calibration data in real time, and/or Support data input.
  • the gas density relay (or gas density monitoring device) further includes: micro water sensors respectively connected to the gas density relay body and the intelligent control unit, and/or respectively connected to the gas density relay body Decomposition sensor connected to the intelligent control unit.
  • the gas density relay (or gas density monitoring device) further includes: a contact resistance detection unit connected to the contact signal of the gas density relay body or directly connected to the gas density relay body The signal generator inside is connected; the contact resistance detection unit can detect the contact resistance value of the gas density relay body when the contact of the gas density relay body acts, and/or when an instruction to detect the contact resistance of the contact point is received.
  • a contact resistance detection unit connected to the contact signal of the gas density relay body or directly connected to the gas density relay body The signal generator inside is connected; the contact resistance detection unit can detect the contact resistance value of the gas density relay body when the contact of the gas density relay body acts, and/or when an instruction to detect the contact resistance of the contact point is received.
  • At least two of the gas density relays are connected to a remote background detection system through communication equipment; wherein, the gas density relays (or gas density monitoring devices) are arranged in the corresponding gas chambers.
  • the gas density relays or gas density monitoring devices
  • the communication method of the communication device includes a wired communication method and a wireless communication method.
  • the wired communication mode includes one or more of RS232 bus, RS485 bus, CAN-BUS bus, 4-20mA, Hart, IIC, SPI, Wire, coaxial cable, PLC power carrier, and cable.
  • the wireless communication method includes a built-in sensor 5G/NB-IOT communication module (such as 5G, NB-IOT), 2G/3G/4G/5G, WIFI, Bluetooth, Lora, Lorawan, Zigbee, infrared, ultrasonic, sound wave One or more of, satellite, light wave, quantum communication, sonar.
  • a built-in sensor 5G/NB-IOT communication module such as 5G, NB-IOT
  • 2G/3G/4G/5G such as 3G/4G/5G, WIFI, Bluetooth
  • Lora Lorawan, Zigbee, infrared, ultrasonic, sound wave
  • satellite light wave
  • quantum communication sonar
  • control of the intelligent control unit is through on-site control and/or through background control.
  • the intelligent control unit completes the online calibration of the gas density relay (or gas density monitoring device) according to the setting of the remote background detection system or the remote control command; or, according to the set calibration time of the gas density relay , To complete the online calibration of the gas density relay (or gas density monitoring device).
  • At least two of the gas density relays are connected to a remote background detection system through a hub and a protocol converter in sequence; wherein, the gas density relays (or gas density monitoring devices) are arranged in It corresponds to the electrical equipment of the air chamber.
  • the hub adopts an RS485 hub.
  • protocol converter adopts an IEC61850 or IEC104 protocol converter.
  • protocol converter is also connected to a network service printer and a network data router respectively.
  • the second aspect of the application discloses the above-mentioned mutual calibration method of the maintenance-free gas density relay, which includes:
  • the intelligent control unit compares and verifies the first pressure value and the second pressure value collected under the same gas pressure; and/or, the intelligent control unit compares the first temperature value and the second pressure value collected under the same gas temperature The temperature value is compared and verified; or, the intelligent control unit compares and verifies the first density value and the second density value collected under the same gas density to obtain the current working status of the monitoring part of the gas density relay; or ,
  • the intelligent control unit uploads the received data to the background, and the background compares and verifies the first pressure value and the second pressure value collected under the same gas pressure; and/or, the background compares the same gas temperature The collected first temperature value and the second temperature value are compared and verified; or, the background checks the first density value and the second density value collected under the same gas density to obtain the monitoring of the gas density relay Part of the current working status;
  • first pressure value and the second pressure value come from the first gas density detection sensor or from the gas density relay body; the first temperature value and the second temperature One or two of the values come from the first gas density detection sensor or from the gas density relay body; one or two of the first density value and the second density value come from the The first gas density detection sensor or comes from the gas density relay body.
  • each gas density detection sensor includes a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor
  • the gas density relay further includes a second gas density detection sensor, and the second gas density detection sensor
  • the sensor includes a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor
  • the mutual verification method also includes:
  • the pressure value collected by the pressure sensor of any one of the first gas density detection sensor and the second gas density detection sensor is the first pressure value PA, and the temperature value collected by the temperature sensor is the first temperature value TA; the first gas density detection sensor, The pressure value collected by the pressure sensor of any other second gas density detection sensor is the second pressure value PB, and the temperature value collected by the temperature sensor is the second temperature value TB; the intelligent control unit or the background sets the first pressure value PA Compare with the second pressure value PB to obtain the pressure difference
  • the gas density value collected by any one of the first gas density detection sensor and the second gas density detection sensor is the first density value PA20, and the gas density value collected by any other gas density value is the second density value PB20; the intelligent control unit and/ Or compare the first density value PA20 with the second density value PB20 in the background to obtain the density difference
  • the first gas density detection sensor includes at least one pressure sensor and at least one temperature sensor; the mutual verification method further includes:
  • the temperature value collected by any temperature sensor is the first temperature value TA
  • the ambient temperature value is the second temperature value TB.
  • the intelligent control unit and/or the background compares the first temperature value TA with the second temperature value TB, Obtain the temperature difference
  • the pressure value collected by any one pressure sensor is the first pressure value PA
  • the pressure value collected by any other pressure sensor is the second pressure value PB
  • the intelligent control unit and/or the background combines the first pressure value PA with the second pressure value.
  • the value PB is compared to obtain the pressure difference
  • the temperature value collected by any one temperature sensor is the first temperature value TA
  • the temperature value collected by any other temperature sensor is the second temperature value TB.
  • the intelligent control unit and/or the background will compare the first temperature value TA with the second temperature value TA.
  • the value TB is compared to obtain the temperature difference
  • the first gas density detection sensor includes at least one pressure sensor and at least one temperature sensor; the mutual verification method further includes:
  • the pressure value collected by each pressure sensor and the temperature value collected by each temperature sensor are randomly arranged and combined, and each combination is converted into multiple pressure values corresponding to 20°C according to the gas pressure-temperature characteristics, that is, the gas density value, and each gas density value is performed Comparing to complete the mutual verification of each pressure sensor and each temperature sensor; or,
  • the pressure value collected by each pressure sensor and the temperature value collected by each temperature sensor traverse all permutations and combinations, and convert each combination into multiple pressure values corresponding to 20°C according to the gas pressure-temperature characteristics, that is, the gas density value, and the density of each gas
  • the value is compared to complete the mutual verification of each pressure sensor and each temperature sensor; or,
  • the gas density relay further includes a temperature adjustment mechanism, the temperature adjustment mechanism is a temperature adjustable adjustment mechanism, the temperature adjustment mechanism is configured to adjust the temperature rise and fall of the temperature compensation element of the gas density relay body, so that the The gas density of the gas density relay body changes;
  • the mutual verification method further includes:
  • the intelligent control unit collects the contact signal value output when the contact of the gas density relay body is activated, which is the first density value PX20, and the preset contact signal value is the second density value PB20.
  • the intelligent control unit and/or background Compare the first density value PX20 with the second density value PB20 to obtain the contact signal difference
  • the current working state of the monitoring part is normal working state, no maintenance is required, otherwise, it is abnormal working state.
  • the gas density relay further includes a pressure adjustment mechanism, the pressure adjustment mechanism is a pressure adjustable adjustment mechanism, the pressure adjustment mechanism is configured to adjust the pressure rise and fall of the gas density relay body, so that the gas density relay body The gas density changes; the mutual verification method further includes:
  • the intelligent control unit collects the contact signal value output when the contact of the gas density relay body is activated, which is the first density value PX20, and the preset contact signal value is the second density value PB20.
  • the intelligent control unit and/or background Compare the first density value PX20 with the second density value PB20 to obtain the contact signal difference
  • the current working state of the monitoring part is normal working state, no maintenance is required, otherwise, it is abnormal working state.
  • the gas density relay body further has a comparison pressure value output signal and/or a comparison density value output signal; wherein the comparison pressure value output signal is monitored by a pressure detector of the gas density relay body. , And output through the comparison signal device of the gas density relay body.
  • the comparison density value output signal is monitored by the pressure detector and temperature compensation element of the gas density relay body, and the gas density is monitored by the gas density relay body comparison signal device.
  • Output; the mutual verification method also includes:
  • the comparison pressure value output signal output by the comparison signal device is the first pressure value PS
  • the pressure value collected by the first gas density detection sensor at the same time is the second pressure value PJ
  • the comparison density value output signal output by the comparison signal device is the first density value PS20
  • the gas density value collected by the first gas density detection sensor at the same time is the second density value PJ20
  • the current working state of the monitoring part is a normal working state and no maintenance is required, otherwise, it is an abnormal working state.
  • the gas density relay further includes a camera
  • the mutual verification method includes:
  • the camera obtains the pointer display value or the number display value of the gas density relay body through the head portrait recognition technology, which is the first density value PZ20, and the gas density value collected by the first gas density detection sensor at the same time is the second density value PJ20, the intelligent control unit and/or background compares the first density value PZ20 with the second density value PJ20 to obtain the density difference
  • the current working state of the monitoring part of the gas density relay is a normal working state and does not need maintenance, otherwise, it is an abnormal working state.
  • the above-mentioned comparison and verification of the first pressure value and the second pressure value collected under the same gas pressure; and/or the comparison and verification of the first temperature value and the second temperature value collected under the same gas temperature; or, The comparison and verification of the first density value and the second density value collected under the same gas density can be performed by the intelligent control unit for comparison calculation, or the above-mentioned data can be transmitted to the background for comparison and calculation.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a maintenance-free gas density relay used in high and medium voltage electrical equipment of the first embodiment
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a maintenance-free gas density relay or gas density monitoring device for high and medium voltage electrical equipment of the second embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a maintenance-free gas density relay or gas density monitoring device for high and medium voltage electrical equipment of the third embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a maintenance-free gas density relay or gas density monitoring device for high and medium voltage electrical equipment of the fourth embodiment
  • 5 to 7 are schematic diagrams of the structure of the maintenance-free gas density monitoring system of the fifth embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a maintenance-free gas density relay used in high and medium voltage electrical equipment according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a maintenance-free gas density relay mainly includes: gas density relay body 1, gas Density detection sensors (pressure sensor 2, temperature sensor 3) and intelligent control unit 7; on the gas path, the pressure sensor 2 of the gas density detection sensor communicates with the gas density relay body 1. It also includes a mutual self-calibration unit, through which the intelligent control unit 7 compares the data detected by the mutual self-calibration unit to achieve maintenance-free; or, through the intelligent control unit 7 and the mutual self-calibration unit to compare the detected data to achieve free maintain.
  • the mutual self-calibration unit is composed of a comparison pressure value output signal and a pressure sensor 2.
  • the gas density relay body 1 includes: a housing 102, and a base set in the housing 102, a pressure detector 103, a temperature compensation element 104, a terminal block 108, a number of signal generators 109, and a comparison signal device 1012 and the comparison signal regulator 1013; among them, the signal generator 109 includes a micro switch or a magnetic-assisted electric contact, the gas density relay body 1 outputs a contact signal through the signal generator 109; the pressure detector 103 includes a Baden tube or corrugated The temperature compensation element 104 uses a temperature compensation sheet or a gas enclosed in the housing.
  • the comparison annunciator 1012 is a micro switch, and its voltage can be a weak current level (1 ⁇ 36v) or a mains level (110 ⁇ 220v).
  • the signal generator 109 includes a micro switch (or magnetic-assisted electric contact).
  • the gas density relay body 1 monitors the gas density through a pressure detector 103 and a temperature compensation element 104, and outputs gas through the signal generator 109 Density contact signal. The principle is: based on the pressure detector 103 and using the temperature compensation element 104 to correct the changed pressure and temperature to reflect the change in the density of the sulfur hexafluoride gas.
  • the temperature compensation element 104 when the density value of the sulfur hexafluoride (or other) gas changes, the pressure value of the sulfur hexafluoride gas It also changes accordingly, forcing the end of the pressure detector 103 to produce corresponding elastic deformation and displacement. With the help of the temperature compensation element 104, it is transmitted to the movement 105, and the movement 105 is transmitted to the pointer 106, so that the measured sulfur hexafluoride The gas density value is indicated on the dial.
  • the signal generator 109 serves as an output alarm latching contact. In this way, the gas density relay body 1 can display the density value of the sulfur hexafluoride gas.
  • the pressure detector 103 If the gas leaks, the SF6 gas density value decreases, and the pressure detector 103 produces a corresponding downward displacement, and passes through the temperature compensation element 104 to the movement 105. The movement 105 is transmitted to the pointer 106. The pointer 106 is Go in the direction of the smaller value, and the degree of air leakage is displayed on the dial; at the same time, the pressure detector 103 drives the beam to move downward through the temperature compensation element 104, and the adjusting member 107 on the beam gradually moves away from the signal generator 109 to a certain level.
  • the contact of the signal generator 109 is connected, and the corresponding contact signal (alarm or lockout) is sent out to monitor and control the sulfur hexafluoride gas density in electrical switches and other equipment, so that the electrical equipment can work safely.
  • the gas density value increases, that is, when the SF6 gas pressure value in the sealed gas chamber is greater than the set SF6 gas pressure value, the pressure value increases accordingly, and the end of the pressure detector 103 and temperature compensation
  • the element 104 generates a corresponding upward displacement, and the temperature compensation element 104 causes the beam to move upward.
  • the adjusting member 107 on the beam moves upward and pushes the contact of the signal generator 109 to disconnect, and the contact signal (alarm or lock) is released.
  • the comparison pressure value output signal is monitored by the pressure detector 103 and the gas pressure is output through the comparison signal device 1012.
  • Its working principle is: the pressure value of (sulfur hexafluoride) gas changes with the change of the ambient temperature, and its pressure value changes accordingly. The change of the pressure value will force the end of the pressure detector 103 to produce corresponding elastic deformation displacement.
  • the gas pressure value to match a pressure value output signal corresponding to a set pressure value P S, the pressure detector 103 through the end bracket 108 to drive than 1013 trigger signal adjusting member than the signal 1012 than annunciator 1012 outputs the set pressure value signal.
  • the mutual self-calibration unit consists of the output signal of the comparison pressure value and the pressure sensor 2.
  • the gas density relay when the gas density relay the monitored gas pressure drops or rises to the predetermined (or set) than the pressure value P S, compared to the signal 1012 output value than the set pressure value output signal.
  • This signal can be connected to a remote gas density relay or gas density monitoring device (or system), such as connected to the intelligent control unit 7, using pressure changes caused by changes in ambient temperature, or when the gas circuit is closed, the pressure adjustment mechanism adjusts the pressure.
  • the pressure change caused by the remote gas density relay or the intelligent control unit 7 of the gas density monitoring device (or system) collects the current gas pressure value P J.
  • the current gas pressure value P J is the comparison signal.
  • the pressure value detected by the pressure detector 103 mechanical relay gas density portion while the electronic parts P J value is the gas density relay (mainly by the pressure Sensor) the gas pressure value collected.
  • Remote relay gas density or a gas density monitoring device (or system) of the detected gas pressure P J ratio value of the pressure value P S for comparison, if it shows good consistency remote gas density or a gas density monitoring relay The on-line pressure monitoring part of the device (or system) works normally and does not require maintenance.
  • the pressure value range corresponding to the comparison pressure value output signal is 60% to 130% of the pressure value at 20°C corresponding to the rated value of the gas density relay body. For example, for a gas density relay body with a rated pressure of 0.6 MPa, the pressure range corresponding to the output signal of the comparison pressure value is 0.36 to 0.78 MPa, which can be set reasonably according to the weather and temperature of the area in which it is located.
  • the intelligent control unit can be built in the digital gas density relay body, or the intelligent control unit can also be set separately of.
  • the digital gas density relay body has its own integrated circuit or chip, which can realize the function of the intelligent control unit (that is, as an intelligent control unit) through program writing, or use a programmable controller or chip for subsequent writing
  • the program realizes the function of the intelligent control unit (that is, as an intelligent control unit).
  • the application does not add an additional intelligent control unit.
  • the maintenance-free digital (or digital) gas density relay or gas density monitoring device includes a gas density relay body and a first gas density detection sensor; and the gas density relay body includes a relay body density detection sensor, an annunciator, Communication module and intelligent control unit.
  • the relay body density detection sensor communicates with the first gas density detection sensor on the gas path, and is used to collect pressure values, temperature values, and/or gas density values;
  • the intelligent control units are respectively Connected to the relay body density detection sensor, annunciator, communication module, and the first gas density detection sensor; the intelligent control unit obtains the gas density value collected by the relay body density detection sensor; or, the intelligent control unit obtains the The pressure value and/or temperature value collected by the density detection sensor of the relay body is converted into a gas density value according to the gas pressure-temperature characteristics; the intelligent control unit uploads one of the gas density value, pressure value, and temperature value through the communication module Or more, complete the on-line monitoring of the gas density of the monitored electrical equipment by the gas density relay; when the gas density value is lower and/or higher than the set contact preset threshold, the intelligent control The unit controls the annunciator to make the annunciator output alarm and/or blocking contact signals to complete the monitoring of the gas density value in the electrical equipment; the intelligent control unit monitors
  • ⁇ P J -P S within its allowable setting value, it means a digital gas density relay or gas density monitoring device (Or system)
  • the monitoring part of the online pressure monitoring is normal, and the pressure detector of the density detection sensor of the relay body of the digital gas density relay is also normal, without maintenance; and/or, the intelligent control unit monitors the temperature of the same gas Compare and diagnose the temperature value TA collected by the relay body density detection sensor and the temperature value TB collected by the first gas density detection sensor; or, the intelligent control unit performs a comparison diagnosis on the temperature value TA collected by the relay body density detection sensor under the same gas density
  • the gas density value P S20 is compared and diagnosed with the gas density value P J20 collected by the first gas density detection sensor to obtain the current working status of the gas density relay monitoring part, such as ⁇ P J20 -P S20 ⁇ in its allowable setting value Inside, it means that the monitoring part of the gas density relay or the gas density monitoring device (or system) on-line monitoring density is working normally and does not require maintenance.
  • the intelligent control unit uploads the received data to the background through the communication module, and the background performs an analysis on the gas pressure value collected by the relay body density detection sensor and the gas pressure value collected by the first gas density detection sensor under the same gas pressure. Compare and diagnose; and/or, the background compares and diagnoses the temperature value collected by the relay body density detection sensor and the temperature value collected by the first gas density detection sensor at the same gas temperature; or, the background compares and diagnoses Under the same gas density, the gas density value collected by the relay body density detection sensor and the gas density value collected by the first gas density detection sensor are compared and diagnosed to obtain the current working status of the monitoring part of the gas density relay.
  • the relay body density detection sensor includes a body pressure sensor and a body temperature sensor; or, adopts a body gas density transmitter composed of a pressure sensor and a temperature sensor; or, adopts a body density detection sensor of quartz tuning fork technology.
  • the first gas density detection sensor may only include at least one pressure sensor, and the temperature sensor may be a body temperature sensor.
  • the comparison of the body temperature sensor can be performed by the intelligent control unit and/or the background to compare the ambient temperature value with the temperature value collected by the body temperature sensor of the relay body density detection sensor to complete the comparison of the body temperature sensor of the relay body density detection sensor. check.
  • the temperature values monitored by the temperature sensors of electrical equipment X, electrical equipment Y, and electrical equipment Z are T X , T Y , T Z , and so on.
  • the temperature values T X , T Y and T Z are compared and diagnosed. If there is a significant deviation, the current working state of the temperature sensor of the monitoring equipment is abnormal working state; if it is basically close, it means that the monitoring part of the gas density relay or gas density monitoring device is The current working state is normal working state.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the front structure of a maintenance-free gas density relay used in high-voltage electrical equipment of the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the difference from the first embodiment is that the output of the comparison density value is output in this embodiment. signal.
  • the gas density relay can also use the temperature difference between the density relay and the electrical equipment to cause the density value of the gas density relay to change (or use the temperature adjustment mechanism to adjust the temperature compensation element to cause the density
  • the density value of the relay changes; or when the gas circuit is closed, the pressure adjustment mechanism adjusts the pressure to cause the density change)
  • the intelligent control unit 7 of the electronic part of the gas density relay collects the gas density value in real time through the pressure sensor 2 and the temperature sensor 3.
  • the pressure detector 103 and the temperature compensation element 104 of the mechanical part of the relay also monitor the gas density value in real time.
  • the output signal output signal is compared with the density value.
  • the intelligent control unit 7 of the electronic part collects the gas density value through the pressure sensor 2 and the temperature sensor 3 P J20 , and the gas pressure value monitored by the pressure detector 103 and the temperature compensation element 104 of the mechanical part is P S20 (comparison density value).
  • the gas pressure value detected by the pressure detector 103 and the temperature compensation element 104 of the gas density relay is PS20 (comparison density value) and the electronic part (mainly through the pressure sensor 2 and The gas density value collected by the temperature sensor 3) is compared with PJ20 . If the consistency is good, it means that the gas density relay or the gas density monitoring device (or system) on-line monitoring density monitoring part works normally and requires no maintenance. That is ⁇ P J20 -P S20 ⁇ within its allowable setting value, it means that the gas density relay or gas density monitoring device (or system) online monitoring density monitoring part is working normally and requires no maintenance.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a maintenance-free gas density relay or gas density monitoring device for high-voltage electrical equipment in the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the maintenance-free gas density relay or gas density monitoring device of the third embodiment of the present invention includes: gas density relay body 1, pressure sensor 2, temperature sensor 3, valve 4, pressure adjustment mechanism 5, online verification contact signal sampling unit 6, intelligent control unit 7, and multi-way connector 9.
  • One end of the valve 4 is connected to the equipment connection joint, and the other end of the valve 4 is connected to the multi-way joint 9.
  • Gas density relay body 1, pressure sensor 2, temperature sensor 3, online verification contact signal sampling unit 6, intelligent control unit 7 are set on the multi-way connector 9; pressure sensor 2 is on the gas path and the pressure detection of the gas density relay body 1
  • the pressure regulating mechanism 5 is installed on the multi-way connector 9, and the pressure regulating mechanism 5 is connected with the pressure detector of the gas density relay body 1; the online verification contact signal sampling unit 6 and the intelligent control unit 7 are arranged in Together; the temperature sensor 3 is located near the gas density relay body 1, or located near the temperature compensation element inside the housing.
  • the pressure sensor 2, the temperature sensor 3, the valve 4, and the pressure adjustment mechanism 5 are respectively connected to the intelligent control unit 7.
  • the pressure adjusting mechanism 5 of this embodiment is mainly composed of an air chamber 57, a heating element 58, a heat insulating member 59, and a temperature sensor (not shown in the figure).
  • the heating element 58 is provided on the outside (or inside) of the air chamber 57, and the heating element causes the temperature to change, and then the pressure rises and falls.
  • the pressure is adjusted by the pressure adjusting mechanism 5, so that the gas density relay body 1 has a contact action.
  • the contact action is transmitted to the intelligent control unit 7 through the online verification contact signal sampling unit 6, and the intelligent control unit 7 acts according to the contact of the gas density relay body 1.
  • the pressure value and temperature value at time are converted into the corresponding density value P X20 , the alarm and/or blocking contact action value and/or return value of the gas density relay body 1 are detected, and the calibration of the gas density relay is completed.
  • the heating element 58 can also be replaced by a cooling element.
  • the working principle of this embodiment is as follows: when the density relay needs to be checked, the device sends an instruction to heat the heating element 58 of the pressure adjusting mechanism 5, when the temperature value of the temperature sensor of the pressure adjusting mechanism 5 is equal to the temperature value of the temperature sensor 3.
  • the device or system After the temperature difference reaches the set value, the device or system issues an instruction to close the valve 4 through the intelligent control unit 7, so that the gas density relay body 1 is isolated from the equipment connection joints on the gas path, and then isolated from the electrical equipment; then immediately shut down
  • the heating element 58 of the adjusting mechanism 5 stops heating the heating element 58, and the pressure of the gas in the airtight chamber 57 of the pressure adjusting mechanism 5 gradually drops, causing the gas density relay body 1 to alarm and/or lock the contact action, and its contact
  • the action is transmitted to the intelligent control unit 7 through the online verification contact signal sampling unit 6.
  • the intelligent control unit 7 detects the alarm and/or lock contact action of the gas density relay body 1 according to the gas density value when the alarm and/or lock contact is activated Value and/or return value to complete the calibration of the gas density relay body 1.
  • the mutual self-calibration unit is mainly composed of a pressure adjustment mechanism 5 and an intelligent control unit 7.
  • the intelligent control unit 7 timely collection point signal value at the time of the gas density relay main body 1 P X20, the detected gas density relay body contact signal value P X20 1 of Compare with the standard (rated parameters) of the density relay, the contact signal value P B20 is required.
  • the gas density relay after the gas density relay completes the online verification of the gas density relay body, if there is an abnormality, it can automatically send an alarm, which can be uploaded to the remote end, or can be sent to a designated receiver, such as a mobile phone. Or, after the gas density relay completes the verification of the gas density relay body, if there is an abnormality, the intelligent control unit 7 can upload the remote (monitoring room, background monitoring platform, etc.) through the alarm contact signal of the gas density relay body 1, and also return The notice can be displayed on the spot.
  • the simple version of the gas density relay online calibration can upload the abnormal results of the calibration through the alarm signal line, which can be uploaded according to a certain rule.
  • a contact in parallel with the alarm signal contact when there is an abnormality, connect a contact in parallel with the alarm signal contact to regularly close and open. , Get the status through analysis; or upload it through an independent check signal line. Specifically, it can be uploaded in good condition, or with problems, or upload the verification results through a separate verification signal line, or through local display, local alarm, or through wireless upload, and upload online with a smart phone.
  • the communication method is wired or wireless.
  • the wired communication method can be RS232, RS485, CAN-BUS and other industrial buses, optical fiber Ethernet, 4-20mA, Hart, IIC, SPI, Wire, coaxial cable, PLC power carrier, etc.;
  • the wireless communication method can be 2G/3G/4G/5G, etc., WIFI, Bluetooth, Lora, Lorawan, Zigbee, infrared, ultrasonic, sound wave, satellite, light wave, quantum communication, sonar, sensor built-in 5G/NB-IOT communication module (such as NB-IOT) and so on.
  • multiple methods and multiple combinations can be used to fully ensure the reliable performance of the gas density relay.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a maintenance-free gas density relay or gas density monitoring device for high-voltage electrical equipment according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • the maintenance-free gas density relay or gas density monitoring device of the fourth embodiment of the present invention includes: a gas density relay body 1, a pressure sensor 21, a pressure sensor 22, a temperature sensor 31, a temperature sensor 32, a valve 4, Pressure adjustment mechanism 5, online verification contact signal sampling unit 6, intelligent control unit 7, equipment connection joint 1010.
  • one end of the equipment connection joint 1010 is connected to the gas-insulated electrical equipment in a sealed manner, the other end of the equipment connection joint 1010 is connected to the valve 4; and the other end of the valve 4 is connected to the pressure regulating mechanism 5. .
  • the gas density relay body 1, the temperature sensor 31, the online verification contact signal sampling unit 6, and the intelligent control unit 7 are arranged together and arranged on the pressure regulating mechanism 5; the pressure sensor 21 is arranged on the pressure regulating mechanism 5.
  • the pressure sensor 22 and the temperature sensor 32 are provided on the side of the device connection joint 1010 (the side where the valve 4 is connected to the connection joint 1010).
  • the pressure sensor 21 and the pressure detector of the gas density relay body 1 are connected to the pressure adjusting mechanism 5 on the gas path; the pressure sensor 21, the pressure sensor 22, the temperature sensor 31, and the temperature sensor 32 are connected to the intelligent control unit 7;
  • the valve 4 is connected with the intelligent control unit 7; the pressure adjustment mechanism 5 is connected with the intelligent control unit 7.
  • the maintenance-free gas density relay or gas density monitoring device of the fourth embodiment of the present invention has several pressure sensors and temperature sensors.
  • the mutual self-calibration unit is composed of two gas density detection sensors A and B, specifically using gas density detection sensor A and gas density detection sensor B (pressure sensor 21, pressure sensor 22, temperature sensor 31.
  • the temperature sensor 32 compares the pressure values P A and P B detected by the temperature sensor respectively, and compares the temperature values T A and T B.
  • ⁇ P A -P B ⁇ and ⁇ T A -T B ⁇ are within their allowable setting values, respectively, which means that the on-line monitoring part of the gas density relay or gas density monitoring device is working normally and requires no maintenance.
  • the pressure values monitored by the pressure sensor 21 and the pressure sensor 22 can be compared and mutually verified; the pressure values monitored by the temperature sensor 31 and the temperature sensor 32 can be compared and mutually verified; in addition, The density value P A20 monitored by the pressure sensor 21 and the temperature sensor 31 can be compared according to the density value P B20 monitored by the pressure sensor 22 and the temperature sensor 32 to verify each other; that is, the mutual self-calibration unit consists of multiple Two (at least two) gas density detection sensors A and B are used to compare the density values P A20 and P B20 detected by the gas density detection sensor A and the gas density detection sensor B respectively. If the consistency is good, it means the gas The on-line monitoring part of the density relay or gas density monitoring device works normally and requires no maintenance. That is ⁇ P A20 -P B20 ⁇ within its allowable setting value, it means that the on-line monitoring part of the gas density relay or density monitoring device is working normally and requires no maintenance.
  • the maintenance-free gas density relay or gas density monitoring device for gas-insulated high-voltage electrical equipment provided by the fourth embodiment of the present invention has a safety protection function, specifically: 1) Whether it is based on pressure sensor 21 and temperature sensor 31, or based on pressure For the sensor 22 and the temperature sensor 32, as long as the density value obtained by monitoring is lower than the set value, the gas density relay will automatically no longer check the gas density relay body 1 and send out a notification signal. For example, when the gas density value of the equipment is less than the set value, it will not be calibrated. Only when the gas density value of the equipment ⁇ (blocking pressure + 0.02MPa), can it be verified. The contact alarm has status indication.
  • the gas density relay will automatically no longer calibrate the gas density relay body 1.
  • a notice signal air leak
  • the gas density relay also has mutual verification of multiple pressure sensors and temperature sensors, as well as mutual verification of pressure sensors, temperature sensors and the gas density relay body 1, to ensure that the gas density relay works normally.
  • the gas density relay can compare its error performance at different temperatures and time periods. That is, comparisons within the same temperature range in different periods to determine the performance of electrical equipment and gas density relays. It has the comparison of various periods of history, the comparison of history and the present. It can also perform physical examinations on gas density relays.
  • the gas density relay can be calibrated multiple times (for example, 2 to 3 times), and then calculate the average value according to the results of each calibration. When necessary, the density relay can be checked online at any time.
  • the types of pressure sensors include: absolute pressure sensors, relative pressure sensors, or absolute pressure sensors and relative pressure sensors, and the number can be several.
  • the pressure sensor can be in the form of a diffused silicon pressure sensor, MEMS pressure sensor, chip pressure sensor, coil induction pressure sensor (such as a pressure measurement sensor with an induction coil in a Baden tube), a resistance pressure sensor (such as a slip wire resistance with a Baden tube)
  • the pressure measurement sensor can be an analog pressure sensor or a digital pressure sensor.
  • Pressure collection is a variety of pressure-sensitive components such as pressure sensors and pressure transmitters, such as diffused silicon type, sapphire type, piezoelectric type, strain gauge type (resistance strain gauge type, ceramic strain gauge type).
  • the temperature sensor can be thermocouple, thermistor, semiconductor type, contact type and non-contact type, thermal resistance and thermocouple.
  • temperature collection can use various temperature sensing elements such as temperature sensors and temperature transmitters.
  • Gas density relay body including density relay with indicator (density relay with pointer display, density relay with digital display, density relay with liquid crystal display), density relay without indicator (ie density switch).
  • the gas density relay has the functions of pressure and temperature measurement and software conversion. On the premise of not affecting the safe operation of electrical equipment, the alarm and/or blocking contact action value and/or return value of the gas density relay can be detected online. Of course, the return value of the alarm and/or blocking contact signal can also be tested without testing.
  • the intelligent control unit 7 mainly completes valve control, pressure adjustment mechanism control, and signal collection. That is, the basic requirements or functions of the intelligent control unit 7 are: the intelligent control unit 7 completes the control of the valve 4, the control of the pressure adjustment mechanism 5, and the signal collection.
  • the pressure value and temperature value when the contact signal of the gas density relay body is activated can be detected, and converted into the corresponding pressure value P 20 (density value) at 20°C, that is, the contact action value P D20 of the gas density relay can be detected , To complete the calibration of the gas density relay body. Or, it is the most basic requirement to be able to directly detect the density value P D20 when the contact signal of the gas density relay body is activated, and complete the calibration work of the gas density relay body.
  • the intelligent control unit 7 can also realize: test data storage; and/or test data export; and/or test data can be printed; and/or can communicate with the host computer; and/or can input analog and digital quantities information.
  • the intelligent control unit 7 also includes a communication module, which realizes long-distance transmission of information such as test data and/or verification results.
  • the intelligent control unit 7 collects the current density value at the same time, and completes the verification of the rated pressure value of the gas density relay.
  • the gas density relay will automatically perform comparison and judgment. If the error is large, it will give an abnormal prompt: the gas density relay's own pressure detector or pressure sensor, temperature sensor, etc. have problems.
  • the gas density relay can complete the mutual verification function of the gas density relay's own pressure detector and pressure sensor, temperature sensor, or density transmitter; can complete the gas density relay's own pressure detector, pressure sensor, temperature Mutual calibration of sensors, etc.
  • the gas density relay completes the calibration of the gas density relay, it will automatically compare and judge each other. If the error is large, it will give an abnormal prompt: the gas density relay's own pressure detector or pressure sensor, temperature sensor, etc. have problems. That is, the gas density relay can complete the mutual calibration function of the gas density relay's own pressure detector, or pressure sensor, temperature sensor, or density transmitter.
  • the gas density relay has the ability of artificial intelligence calibration; after completing the calibration work of the gas density relay, it can automatically generate a calibration report of the density relay.
  • the specific method can be flexible; with real-time online density value, pressure value, temperature value and other data display, change trend analysis, history Data query, real-time alarm and other functions; can monitor gas density value, or density value, pressure value, temperature value online; with self-diagnosis function, can promptly notify abnormalities, such as disconnection, short circuit alarm, sensor damage, etc.; Compare the error performance of the gas density relay at different temperatures and time periods, that is, compare the performance of the gas density relay in different periods and within the same temperature range to determine the performance of the gas density relay.
  • the gas density relay It has the comparison of various periods of history, the comparison of history and the present. It is also possible to perform a self-check on the gas density relay; to determine whether the density value of the gas density relay itself and the monitored electrical equipment are normal. That is to say, the density value of the electrical equipment itself, the pressure detector of the gas density relay itself, pressure sensor, temperature sensor, etc. can be judged, analyzed and compared for normal and abnormal, so as to realize the gas density monitoring of the electrical equipment, the gas density relay itself, etc.
  • the status is judged, compared, and analyzed; it also contains an analysis system (expert management analysis system), which detects and analyzes gas density monitoring, gas density relays, and monitoring components to determine where the problem is, whether it is electrical equipment or gas density relay It has its own problems; it can also monitor the contact signal state of the gas density relay body and remotely transmit its state. It can be known in the background whether the contact signal state of the gas density relay body is open or closed, thereby adding a layer of monitoring and improving reliability; it can also detect, or detect and determine the temperature compensation performance of the gas density relay body; It can also detect, or detect and determine the contact resistance of the gas density relay body; it has data analysis and data processing functions, and can perform corresponding fault diagnosis and prediction on electrical equipment.
  • an analysis system expert management analysis system
  • the gas density relay itself is normal, and there is no need to use traditional methods to maintain Personnel go to the site to verify the gas density relay, which can avoid manual verification for the whole life.
  • the detection data of the pressure sensor 2, temperature sensor 3, gas density relay pressure detector 103, temperature compensation element 104, etc. of a certain electrical equipment in the substation is inconsistent or abnormal, the maintenance personnel should be arranged to go there. deal with. For the coincident and normal ones, manual verification is not required. In this way, the reliability is greatly improved, the efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced.
  • Figures 5 to 7 show a maintenance-free gas density monitoring system.
  • the gas density monitoring system includes the above-mentioned maintenance-free gas density relay or gas density monitoring device.
  • multiple electrical equipment with gas chambers multiple maintenance-free gas density relays or gas density monitoring devices are connected to the remote background detection system through a hub and an IEC61850 protocol converter in turn; among them, the maintenance-free The gas density relay or the gas density monitoring device are respectively arranged on the electrical equipment of the corresponding gas chamber.
  • PC is the online monitoring background host and system
  • Gateway is the network switch
  • Server is the integrated application server
  • ProC is the protocol converter/online monitoring intelligent unit
  • HUB is the hub
  • Z is the maintenance-free gas Density relay or gas density monitoring device.
  • the online monitoring system architecture includes detailed system diagrams such as simple architecture ( Figure 5), conventional architecture ( Figure 6), and complex architecture.
  • System architecture diagram and simple description 1), background software platform: based on Windows, Linux and others, or VxWorks, Android, Unix, UCos, FreeRTOS, RTX, embOS, MacOS. 2) Key business modules and basic functions of the background software: such as authority management, equipment management, data storage in query, etc.; and user management, alarm management, real-time data, historical data, real-time curve, historical curve, configuration management, data collection, Data analysis, recording conditions, and exception handling. 3). Interface configuration: such as Form interface, Web interface, configuration interface, etc.
  • FIG. 7 is a system diagram of the wireless transmission mode architecture.
  • the dashed box in the figure indicates that the wireless module Wn and the gas density relay Zn can be integrated or separated, and the specific scheme can be flexible.
  • Multiple integrated application servers Server1, Server2,...Server n communicate wirelessly with each gas density relay through cloud Cluod, wireless gateway (Wireless Gateway), and wireless modules of each gas density relay.
  • n is a natural number.
  • a maintenance-free gas density relay or gas density monitoring device can achieve: 1) Online monitoring of gas density, or online monitoring of gas density, micro water, or online monitoring of gas density, micro water, and decomposition content 2) Online verification of the density relay itself (the contact signal value and display value of the density relay can be verified online); 3) It can be achieved through mutual verification of electronic detection (monitoring) and mechanical detection (monitoring)
  • the reliable performance of the system can be free from manual calibration throughout its life. Unless the detection data of the pressure sensor 2, the temperature sensor 3, and the gas density relay body 1 of a certain electrical equipment in the substation do not match or are abnormal, the maintenance personnel will be arranged to deal with it. As for the coincident and normal ones, there is no need to perform calibration. In this way, the reliability is greatly improved, the efficiency is improved, and the cost is reduced; 4), even the zero calibration of the pressure sensor 2 can be performed.
  • the maintenance-free gas density relay or gas density monitoring device has its own diagnostic function, which can perform self-diagnosis on various components and diagnose the process, such as the diagnosis of the monitoring or calibration process; the gas density relay has its own calibration and comparison Performance.
  • the maintenance-free gas density relay or gas density monitoring device contains multiple pressure sensors, temperature sensors, mutual verification of the test data of multiple pressure sensors and temperature sensors, and mutual verification of the test data of these sensors and the gas density relay body , To ensure that the gas density relay is working properly.
  • the maintenance-free gas density relay or gas density monitoring device compares the incoming ambient temperature value with the sampling value of the temperature sensor to complete the calibration of the temperature sensor.
  • the maintenance-free gas density relay described in this application generally refers to the design of its constituent elements into an integrated structure; while the gas density monitoring device generally refers to the design of its constituent elements to have a body structure and flexible composition.
  • Gas temperature generally refers to the temperature in the gas, or the corresponding ambient temperature.
  • the comparison and verification method in the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the corresponding difference is within its preset threshold, the detection value is within its set range, and the division of two corresponding detection values is within its preset threshold.
  • the comparison of the corresponding detection results can be completed by the intelligent control unit and/or the background, and the method can be flexible.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种免维护的气体密度继电器及其相互校验方法，包括在气路上连通的气体密度继电器本体和第一气体密度检测传感器，以及分别与气体密度继电器本体和第一气体密度检测传感器相连接的智控单元；智控单元对同一气体压力下采集的第一压力值和第二压力值进行比对校验，和/或对同一气体温度下采集的第一温度值和第二温度值进行比对校验，或者对同一气体密度下采集的第一密度值和第二密度值进行比对校验；智控单元也可将接收的数据上传至后台，由后台进行数据比对。本申请用于解决对气体绝缘或灭弧的电气设备气体密度进行监测的同时，还完成对气体密度继电器的在线自检或相互校验，提高效率，无需维护，降低成本，保障电网安全运行。

Description

一种免维护的气体密度继电器及其相互校验方法
本申请请求如下专利申请的优先权：
1、2019年9月4日申请的申请号为201910830162.0(发明名称：一种免维护的气体密度继电器)；
2、2020年5月15日申请的申请号为202010416678.3(发明名称：一种免维护的气体密度继电器)。
技术领域
本发明涉及电力技术领域，具体涉及一种应用在高压、中压电气设备上、免维护的气体密度继电器及其相互校验方法。
背景技术
目前，SF6(六氟化硫)电气设备已广泛应用在电力部门、工矿企业，促进了电力行业的快速发展。近年来，随着经济高速发展，我国电力系统容量急剧扩大，SF6电气设备用量越来越多。SF6气体在高压电气设备中的作用是灭弧和绝缘，高压电气设备内SF6气体的密度降低和微水含量如果超标将严重影响SF6高压电气设备的安全运行：1)SF6气体密度降低至一定程度将导致绝缘和灭弧性能的丧失。2)在一些金属物的参与下，SF6气体在高温200℃以上温度可与水发生水解反应，生成活泼的HF和SOF 2，腐蚀绝缘件和金属件，并产生大量热量，使气室压力升高。3)在温度降低时，过多的水分可能形成凝露水，使绝缘件表面绝缘强度显著降低，甚至闪络，造成严重危害。因此电网运行规程强制规定，在设备投运前和运行中都必须对SF6气体的密度和含水量进行定期检测。
随着无人值守变电站向网络化、数字化方向发展以及对遥控、遥测的要求不断加强，对SF6电气设备的气体密度和微水含量状态的在线监测具有重要的现实意义。随着中国智能电网的不断大力发展，智能高压电气设备作为智能变电站的重要组成部分和关键节点，对智能电网的安全起着举足轻重的作用。高压电气设备目前大多为SF6气体绝缘设备，如果气体密度降低(如泄漏等引起)将严重影响设备的电气性能，对安全运行造成严重隐患。目前 在线监测SF6高压电气设备中的气体密度值已经非常普遍了，为此气体密度监测系统(气体密度继电器)应用将蓬勃发展。而目前的气体密度监测系统(气体密度继电器)基本上是：1)应用远传式SF6气体密度继电器实现密度、压力和温度的采集，上传，实现气体密度在线监测。2)应用气体密度变送器实现密度、压力和温度的采集，上传，实现气体密度在线监测。SF6气体密度继电器是核心和关键部件，远传式SF6气体密度继电器或气体密度变送器是核心和关键部件，对其如何保证正常工作非常关键。
对电气设备上的气体密度继电器进行定期检验，是防患于未然，保障电气设备安全可靠运行的必要措施；《电力预防性试验规程》和《防止电力生产重大事故的二十五项重点要求》都要求要定期的对气体密度继电器进行校验；从实际运行情况来看，对气体密度继电器进行定期校验是保障电力设备安全、可靠运行的必要手段之一。另外如果对气体密度在线监测装置或远传密度继电器进行校验或检验，需要大量的人力和物力。
因此，现在非常需要发明创造出一种免维护的气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置，应用在基于泛在电力物联网的气体密度监测系统中，能够实现气体密度继电器机械部分与电子部分的相互校验，实现免维护，提高效率，保证安全。
发明内容
本发明提供一种高压或中压电气设备用的、免维护的气体密度继电器(或气体密度监测装置)及其相互校验方法，用于对气体绝缘或灭弧的电气设备气体密度进行监测的同时，还完成对气体密度继电器的在线自检或相互校验，提高效率，无需维护，降低运行维护成本，保障电网安全运行。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
本申请第一个方面公开了一种免维护的气体密度继电器(或气体密度监测装置)，包括：气体密度继电器本体、第一气体密度检测传感器和智控单元；其中，
所述第一气体密度检测传感器，与所述气体密度继电器本体在气路上连通，用于采集压力值和温度值、和/或气体密度值；所述智控单元与所述气体密度继电器本体、和/或所述第一气体密度检测传感器相连接，接收和/或计算所述气体密度继电器本体、所述第一气体密度检测传感器监测的数据；
所述智控单元对同一气体压力下采集的第一压力值和第二压力值进行比对校验；和/或，所述智控单元对同一气体温度下采集的第一温度值和第二温度值进行比对校验；或者，所述 智控单元对同一气体密度下采集的第一密度值和第二密度值进行比对校验，获取气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态；或者，
所述智控单元将接收的数据上传至后台，所述后台对同一气体压力下采集的第一压力值和第二压力值进行比对校验；和/或，所述后台对同一气体温度下采集的第一温度值和第二温度值进行比对校验；或者，所述后台对同一气体密度下采集的第一密度值和第二密度值进行比对校验，获取气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态；
其中，所述第一压力值、第二压力值中的一个、或两个来自于所述第一气体密度检测传感器或来自于所述气体密度继电器本体；所述第一温度值、第二温度值中的一个、或两个来自于所述第一气体密度检测传感器或来自于所述气体密度继电器本体；所述第一密度值、第二密度值中的一个、或两个来自于所述第一气体密度检测传感器或来自于所述气体密度继电器本体。
优选地，所述气体密度继电器(或气体密度监测装置)的监测部分的当前工作状态包括：正常工作状态、异常工作状态。
更优选地，所述当前工作状态为异常工作状态时，所述气体密度继电器(或气体密度监测装置)发出异常提示。
优选地，所述气体密度继电器(或所述气体密度监测装置)包括至少两个第一气体密度检测传感器，每一个第一气体密度检测传感器包括一个压力传感器、一个温度传感器；各个第一气体密度检测传感器检测的压力值和温度值、或气体密度值进行比对，完成对各个第一气体密度检测传感器的相互校验。
优选地，所述气体密度继电器(或所述气体密度监测装置)还包括第二气体密度检测传感器，第一气体密度检测传感器和第二气体密度检测传感器均包括一个压力传感器、一个温度传感器；第一气体密度检测传感器的压力值和温度值、或气体密度值与第二气体密度检测传感器检测的压力值和温度值、或气体密度值进行比对，完成对第一气体密度检测传感器和第二气体密度检测传感器的相互校验。
更优选地，第一气体密度检测传感器、第二气体密度检测传感器中任意一个的压力传感器采集的压力值为第一压力值PA，温度传感器采集的温度值为第一温度值TA；第一气体密度检测传感器、第二气体密度检测传感器中任意另一个的压力传感器采集的压力值为第二压力值PB，温度传感器采集的温度值为第二温度值TB；所述智控单元和/或后台将第一压力值PA与第二压力值PB进行比对，获得压力差|PA-PB|，将第一温度值TA与第二温度值 TB进行比对，获得温度差|TA-TB|；若压力差|PA-PB|和/或温度差|TA-TB|分别在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器(或气体密度监测装置)的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，否则，为异常工作状态。
更优选地，第一气体密度检测传感器、第二气体密度检测传感器中任意一个采集的气体密度值为第一密度值PA20，任意另一个采集的气体密度值为第二密度值PB20；所述智控单元和/或后台将第一密度值PA20与第二密度值PB20进行比对，获得密度差|PA20-PB20|；若密度差|PA20-PB20|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器(或气体密度监测装置)的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，否则，为异常工作状态。
更优选地，所述第二气体密度检测传感器至少为两个，每一个第二气体密度检测传感器包括一个压力传感器、一个温度传感器；各个第二气体密度检测传感器检测的压力值和温度值、或气体密度值进行比对，完成对各个第二气体密度检测传感器的相互校验。
更优选地，比对校验方法包括、但不限于相应差值分别在其预设阈值内、检测值在其设定范围内、两个对应检测值相除在其预设阈值内中的一种。
优选地，所述第一气体密度检测传感器包括至少一个压力传感器和至少一个温度传感器；或者，所述第一气体密度检测传感器为压力传感器和温度传感器组成的气体密度变送器；或者，所述第一气体密度检测传感器为采用石英音叉技术的密度检测传感器。
具体地，所述石英音叉技术的密度检测传感器，即利用处于真空中的石英振荡器恒定的共鸣频率与一个处于被测气体中同源的石英振荡器的共鸣频率差，与被测气体的密度成正比，经过处理后得到气体密度值的模拟信号或数字信号。
更优选地，所述压力传感器安装于所述气体密度继电器本体的气路上。
更优选地，所述温度传感器安装于所述气体密度继电器本体的气路上或气路外，或所述气体密度继电器本体内，或所述气体密度继电器本体外。
更优选地，至少有一个温度传感器设置在气体密度继电器本体的温度补偿元件附近、或设置在温度补偿元件上，或集成于温度补偿元件中。优选地，至少有一个温度传感器设置在气体密度继电器本体的压力检测器靠近温度补偿元件的一端。
更优选地，所述智控单元和/或后台将环境温度值，与各温度传感器采集的温度值进行比对，完成对各温度传感器的校验。
进一步地，任意一个温度传感器采集的温度值为第一温度值TA，环境温度值为第二温度值TB，所述智控单元和/或后台将第一温度值TA与第二温度值TB进行比对，获得温度 差|TA-TB|；若温度差|TA-TB|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器(或气体密度监测装置)的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，否则，为异常工作状态。
进一步地，所述环境温度值是由气体密度继电器(或气体密度监测装置)组成的系统的其它检测点的温度值经过综合判断得到的；或者是根据天气预报得到的；或者是由同一个变电站的其它检测点的温度值经过综合判断得到的。
更优选地，所述第一气体密度检测传感器包括至少两个压力传感器，各个压力传感器采集的压力值进行比对，完成对各个压力传感器的相互校验。
进一步地，任意一个压力传感器采集的压力值为第一压力值PA，任意另一个压力传感器采集的压力值为第二压力值PB，所述智控单元和/或后台将第一压力值PA与第二压力值PB进行比对，获得压力差|PA-PB|；若压力差|PA-PB|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器(或气体密度监测装置)的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，否则，为异常工作状态。
更优选地，所述第一气体密度检测传感器包括至少两个温度传感器，各个温度传感器采集的温度值进行比对，完成对各个温度传感器的相互校验。
进一步地，任意一个温度传感器采集的温度值为第一温度值TA，任意另一个温度传感器采集的温度值为第二温度值TB，所述智控单元和/或后台将第一温度值TA与第二温度值TB进行比对，获得温度差|TA-TB|；若温度差|TA-TB|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器(或气体密度监测装置)的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，否则，为异常工作状态。
更优选地，所述第一气体密度检测传感器包括至少一个压力传感器和至少一个温度传感器；各个压力传感器采集的压力值和各个温度传感器采集的温度值随机排列组合，并将各个组合按照气体压力-温度特性换算成为多个对应20℃的压力值，即气体密度值，各个气体密度值进行比对，完成对各个压力传感器、各个温度传感器的相互校验；或者，
各个压力传感器采集的压力值和各个温度传感器采集的温度值历遍所有排列组合，并将各个组合按照气体压力-温度特性换算成为多个对应20℃的压力值，即气体密度值，各个气体密度值进行比对，完成对各个压力传感器、各个温度传感器的相互校验；或者，
将各个压力传感器、各个温度传感器得到的多个气体密度值、压力值、温度值进行比对，完成对气体密度继电器本体、各个压力传感器、各个温度传感器的相互校验。以上可以由后台或智控单元完成。
更优选地，所述温度传感器可以是热电偶、热敏电阻、半导体式；可以是接触式和非接触式；可以是热电阻和热电偶；可以是数字式和模拟式。
更优选地，所述压力传感器还可以是扩散硅压力传感器、MEMS压力传感器、芯片式压力传感器、线圈感应压力传感器(如巴登管附带感应线圈的压力传感器)、电阻压力传感器(如巴登管附带滑线电阻的压力传感器)；可以是模拟量压力传感器，也可以是数字量压力传感器。
优选地，所述气体密度继电器(或所述气体密度监测装置)还包括温度调节机构，所述温度调节机构为温度可调的调节机构，所述温度调节机构被配置为调节气体密度继电器本体的温度补偿元件的温度升降，使所述气体密度继电器本体的气体密度发生变化；所述智控单元采集气体密度继电器本体的接点发生动作时输出的接点信号值，为第一密度值PX20，预设的接点信号值为第二密度值PB20，所述智控单元和/或后台将第一密度值PX20与第二密度值PB20进行比对，获得接点信号差值|PX20-PB20|；若接点信号差值|PX20-PB20|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器(或气体密度监测装置)的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，否则，为异常工作状态。
优选地，所述气体密度继电器(或所述气体密度监测装置)还包括压力调节机构，所述压力调节机构为压力可调的调节机构，所述压力调节机构被配置为调节气体密度继电器本体的压力升降，使所述气体密度继电器本体的气体密度发生变化；所述智控单元采集气体密度继电器本体的接点发生动作时输出的接点信号值，为第一密度值PX20，预设的接点信号值为第二密度值PB20，所述智控单元和/或后台将第一密度值PX20与第二密度值PB20进行比对，获得接点信号差值|PX20-PB20|；若接点信号差值|PX20-PB20|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器(或气体密度监测装置)的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，否则，为异常工作状态。
上述预设的接点信号值为气体密度继电器本体的标准(额定参数)要求接点信号值。
更优选地，所述温度调节机构为加热元件；或者，
所述温度调节机构包括加热元件、保温件、温度控制器、温度检测器、温度调节机构外壳；或者，
所述温度调节机构包括加热元件和温度控制器；或者，
所述温度调节机构包括加热元件、加热功率调节器和温度控制器；或者，
所述温度调节机构包括加热元件、制冷元件、加热功率调节器和温度控制器；或者，
所述温度调节机构包括加热元件、加热功率调节器和恒温控制器；或者，
所述温度调节机构包括加热元件、控制器、温度检测器；或者，
所述温度调节机构为加热元件，所述加热元件设置在气体密度继电器本体的温度补偿元件附近；或者，
所述温度调节机构为微型恒温箱；
其中，所述加热元件的数量为至少一个，所述加热元件包括、但不限于硅橡胶加热器(硅橡胶加热板、硅橡胶加热带、硅橡胶加热线)、电阻丝、电热带、电热棒、热风机、红外线加热器件、半导体中的一种；
所述温度控制器，连接所述加热元件，用于控制加热元件的加热温度，所述温度控制器包括、但不限于PID控制器、PID与模糊控制相组合的控制器、变频控制器、PLC控制器中的一种。
更优选地，所述压力调节机构为一密闭气室，所述密闭气室的外部或内部设有加热元件、和/或制冷元件，通过所述加热元件加热、和/或通过所述制冷元件制冷，导致所述密闭气室内的气体的温度变化，进而完成所述气体密度继电器本体的压力升降；或者，
所述压力调节机构为一端开口的腔体，所述腔体的另一端连通所述气体密度继电器本体；所述腔体内有活塞，所述活塞的一端连接有一个调节杆，所述调节杆的外端连接驱动部件，所述活塞的另一端伸入所述开口内，且与所述腔体的内壁密封接触，所述驱动部件驱动所述调节杆进而带动所述活塞在所述腔体内移动；或者，
所述压力调节机构为一密闭气室，所述密闭气室的内部设有活塞，所述活塞与所述密闭气室的内壁密封接触，所述密闭气室的外面设有驱动部件，所述驱动部件通过电磁力推动所述活塞在所述腔体内移动；或者，
所述压力调节机构为一端连接驱动部件的气囊，所述气囊在所述驱动部件的驱动下发生体积变化，所述气囊连通所述气体密度继电器本体；或者，
所述压力调节机构为波纹管，所述波纹管的一端连通所述气体密度继电器本体，所述波纹管的另一端在驱动部件的驱动下伸缩；或者，
所述压力调节机构为一放气阀，所述放气阀为电磁阀或电动阀，或其它通过电的或气的方式实现的放气阀；或者，
所述压力调节机构为一压缩机；或者，
所述压力调节机构为一泵，所述泵包括、但不限于造压泵、增压泵、电动气泵、电磁气 泵中的一种；
其中，所述驱动部件包括、但不限于磁力、电机、往复运动机构、卡诺循环机构、气动元件中的一种。
优选地，所述气体密度继电器本体包括壳体，以及设于壳体内的基座、压力检测器、温度补偿元件、比对信号器、至少一个信号发生器，所述气体密度继电器本体通过压力检测器和温度补偿元件监测气体密度，并通过所述信号发生器输出接点信号值；
所述气体密度继电器本体还带有比对压力值输出信号，所述压力检测器所监测的气体密度继电器本体的气体压力上升或下降到一设定的气体压力值，所述比对信号器输出比对压力值输出信号，该比对压力值输出信号与所述智控单元相连接；和/或，
所述气体密度继电器本体还带有比对密度值输出信号，所述压力检测器和所述温度补偿元件所监测的气体密度继电器本体的气体密度上升或下降到一设定的气体密度值，所述比对信号器输出比对密度值输出信号，该比对密度值输出信号与所述智控单元相连接。
更优选地，所述接点信号包括报警、和/或闭锁。
更优选地，所述比对信号器包括、但不限于微动开关、电接点、水银开关、光电开关、舌簧开关、接近开关、电子开关、可变电阻、电压或电流测量器中的一种。
更优选地，所述信号发生器包括、但不限于微动开关、电接点、水银开关、光电开关、舌簧开关、接近开关、电子开关中的一种。
更优选地，所述压力检测器包括、但不限于巴登管、波纹管、波纹管+弹簧、压力传感器中的一种。
更优选地，所述比对信号器输出的比对压力值输出信号为第一压力值PS，所述第一气体密度检测传感器在同一时刻采集的压力值为第二压力值PJ，所述智控单元和/或后台将第一压力值PS与第二压力值PJ进行比对，获得压力差|PJ-PS|；若压力差|PJ-PS|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器(或气体密度监测装置)的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，否则，为异常工作状态。
更优选地，所述比对信号器输出的比对密度值输出信号为第一密度值PS20，所述第一气体密度检测传感器在同一时刻采集的气体密度值为第二密度值PJ20，所述智控单元和/或后台将第一密度值PS20与第二密度值PJ20进行比对，获得密度差|PJ20-PS20|；当密度差|PJ20-PS20|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器(或气体密度监测装置)的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，否则，为异常工作状态。
优选地，所述气体密度继电器或所述气体密度监测装置还包括摄像头，所述摄像头通过头像识别技术获取气体密度继电器本体的指针显示值或数显示值，为第一密度值PZ20，所述第一气体密度检测传感器在同一时刻采集的气体密度值为第二密度值PJ20，所述智控单元和/或后台将第一密度值PZ20与第二密度值PJ20进行比对，获得密度差|PJ20-PZ20|；若密度差|PJ20-PZ20|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，否则，为异常工作状态。
优选地，所述智控单元获取所述第一气体密度检测传感器采集的气体密度值；或者，所述智控单元获取所述第一气体密度检测传感器采集的压力值和温度值，完成所述气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置对气体密度的在线监测，即完成对所监测的电气设备的气体密度的在线监测。
更优选地，所述智控单元采用均值法(平均值法)计算所述气体密度值，所述均值法为：在设定的时间间隔内，设定采集频率，将全部采集得到的不同时间点的N个气体密度值进行平均值计算处理，得到其气体密度值；或者，
在设定的时间间隔里、设定温度间隔步长，把全部温度范围内采集得到的N个不同温度值所对应的密度值进行平均值计算处理，得到其气体密度值；或者，
在设定的时间间隔里、设定压力间隔步长，把全部压力变化范围内采集得到的N个不同压力值所对应的密度值进行平均值计算处理，得到其气体密度值；
其中，N为大于等于1的正整数。
优选地，所述智控单元获取所述气体密度继电器本体发生接点动作或切换时、所述第一气体密度检测传感器采集的气体密度值，完成所述气体密度继电器(或气体密度监测装置)的在线校验；或者，
所述智控单元获取所述气体密度继电器本体发生接点动作或切换时、所述第一气体密度检测传感器采集的压力值和温度值，并按照气体压力-温度特性换算成为对应20℃的压力值，即气体密度值，完成所述气体密度继电器(或气体密度监测装置)的在线校验。
优选地，所述气体密度继电器本体、所述第一气体密度检测传感器为一体化结构；优选地，所述气体密度继电器本体、所述第一气体密度检测传感器为一体化结构的远传式气体密度继电器。
优选地，所述气体密度继电器本体包括、但不限于双金属片补偿的气体密度继电器、气体补偿的气体密度继电器、双金属片和气体补偿混合型的气体密度继电器；完全机械的气体 密度继电器、数字型气体密度继电器、机械和数字结合型的气体密度继电器；带指针显示的气体密度继电器、数显型气体密度继电器、不带显示或指示的气体密度开关；SF6气体密度继电器、SF6混合气体密度继电器、N2气体密度继电器。
其中，所述气体密度继电器本体为数字型气体密度继电器时，所述智控单元可以是数字型气体密度继电器本体内部自带的(即智控单元集成于数字型气体密度继电器本体的集成电路或芯片内，或者数字型气体密度继电器本体的集成电路或芯片本身也作为本申请的智控单元)，或者所述智控单元也可以是在数字型气体密度继电器本体外单独设置的(即本申请智控单元不集成于数字型气体密度继电器本体的集成电路或芯片内，数字型气体密度继电器本体的集成电路或芯片也不作为本申请所述的智控单元)。
优选地，所述第一气体密度检测传感器为一体化结构；优选地，所述第一气体密度检测传感器为一体化结构的气体密度变送器。
优选地，所述智控单元完成校验报告，如有异常，发出报警，并上传至远端，或发送至指定的接收机上。
优选地，所述智控单元设有电气接口，所述电气接口完成测试数据存储，和/或测试数据导出，和/或测试数据打印，和/或与上位机进行数据通讯，和/或输入模拟量、数字量信息。
优选地，所述智控单元还包括实现远距离传输测试数据、和/或自校结果的通讯模块，所述通讯模块的通讯方式为有线通讯方式或无线通讯方式。
优选地，所述智控单元上还设有时钟，所述时钟被配置为用于定期设置所述气体密度继电器本体的自校时间，或者记录测试时间，或者记录事件时间。
优选地，所述气体密度继电器(或气体密度监测装置)还包括多通接头，所述气体密度继电器本体、所述第一气体密度检测传感器和所述智控单元设置在所述多通接头上。
优选地，所述气体密度继电器(或气体密度监测装置)还包括用于人机交互的显示界面，所述显示界面与所述智控单元相连接，实时显示当前的校验数据，和/或支持数据输入。
优选地，所述气体密度继电器(或气体密度监测装置)还包括：分别与所述气体密度继电器本体和所述智控单元相连接的微水传感器，和/或分别与所述气体密度继电器本体和所述智控单元相连接的分解物传感器。
优选地，所述气体密度继电器(或气体密度监测装置)还包括：接触电阻检测单元，所述接触电阻检测单元与所述气体密度继电器本体的接点信号相连接或直接与所述气体密度继电器本体内的信号发生器相连接；在气体密度继电器本体的接点发生动作时，和/或在接 到检测接点接触电阻的指令时，接触电阻检测单元能够检测到气体密度继电器本体的接点接触电阻值。
优选地，至少两个所述气体密度继电器(或气体密度监测装置)均通过通讯设备与远程后台检测系统连接；其中，所述气体密度继电器(或气体密度监测装置)设置在其对应气室的电气设备上。
更优选地，所述通讯设备的通讯方式包括有线通讯方式和无线通讯方式。
进一步地，所述有线通讯方式包括RS232总线、RS485总线、CAN-BUS总线、4-20mA、Hart、IIC、SPI、Wire、同轴电缆、PLC电力载波、电缆线中的一种或几种。
进一步地，所述无线通讯方式包括传感器内置5G/NB-IOT通讯模块(如5G、NB-IOT)、2G/3G/4G/5G、WIFI、蓝牙、Lora、Lorawan、Zigbee、红外、超声波、声波、卫星、光波、量子通信、声呐中的一种或几种。
优选地，所述智控单元的控制通过现场控制，和/或通过后台控制。
更优选地，所述智控单元根据远程后台检测系统的设置或远程遥控指令，完成对气体密度继电器(或气体密度监测装置)的在线校验；或者，根据设置的气体密度继电器的校验时间，完成对气体密度继电器(或气体密度监测装置)的在线校验。
更优选地，至少两个所述气体密度继电器(或气体密度监测装置)均依次通过集线器、协议转换器与远程后台检测系统连接；其中，所述气体密度继电器(或气体密度监测装置)设置在其对应气室的电气设备上。
进一步地，所述集线器采用RS485集线器。
进一步地，所述协议转换器采用IEC61850或IEC104协议转换器。
进一步地，所述协议转换器还分别与网络服务打印机和网络数据路由器连接。
本申请第二个方面公开了上述免维护的气体密度继电器的相互校验方法，包括：
将第一气体密度检测传感器，与气体密度继电器本体在气路上连通；
将智控单元与所述气体密度继电器本体和/或所述第一气体密度检测传感器相连接；
所述智控单元对同一气体压力下采集的第一压力值和第二压力值进行比对校验；和/或，所述智控单元对同一气体温度下采集的第一温度值和第二温度值进行比对校验；或者，所述智控单元对同一气体密度下采集的第一密度值和第二密度值进行比对校验，获取气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态；或者，
所述智控单元将接收的数据上传至后台，所述后台对同一气体压力下采集的第一压力值 和第二压力值进行比对校验；和/或，所述后台对同一气体温度下采集的第一温度值和第二温度值进行比对校验；或者，所述后台对同一气体密度下采集的第一密度值和第二密度值进行比对校验，获取气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态；
其中，所述第一压力值、第二压力值中的一个、或两个来自于所述第一气体密度检测传感器或来自于所述气体密度继电器本体；所述第一温度值、第二温度值中的一个、或两个来自于所述第一气体密度检测传感器或来自于所述气体密度继电器本体；所述第一密度值、第二密度值中的一个、或两个来自于所述第一气体密度检测传感器或来自于所述气体密度继电器本体。
优选地，所述第一气体密度检测传感器至少为两个，每一个气体密度检测传感器包括一个压力传感器、一个温度传感器；所述气体密度继电器还包括第二气体密度检测传感器，第二气体密度检测传感器包括一个压力传感器、一个温度传感器；所述相互校验方法还包括：
第一气体密度检测传感器、第二气体密度检测传感器中任意一个的压力传感器采集的压力值为第一压力值PA，温度传感器采集的温度值为第一温度值TA；第一气体密度检测传感器、第二气体密度检测传感器中任意另一个的压力传感器采集的压力值为第二压力值PB，温度传感器采集的温度值为第二温度值TB；所述智控单元或后台将第一压力值PA与第二压力值PB进行比对，获得压力差|PA-PB|，将第一温度值TA与第二温度值TB进行比对，获得温度差|TA-TB|；若压力差|PA-PB|和/或温度差|TA-TB|分别在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，否则，为异常工作状态；或者，
第一气体密度检测传感器、第二气体密度检测传感器中任意一个采集的气体密度值为第一密度值PA20，任意另一个采集的气体密度值为第二密度值PB20；所述智控单元和/或后台将第一密度值PA20与第二密度值PB20进行比对，获得密度差|PA20-PB20|；若密度差|PA20-PB20|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，否则，为异常工作状态。
优选地，所述第一气体密度检测传感器包括至少一个压力传感器和至少一个温度传感器；所述相互校验方法还包括：
任意一个温度传感器采集的温度值为第一温度值TA，环境温度值为第二温度值TB，所述智控单元和/或后台将第一温度值TA与第二温度值TB进行比对，获得温度差|TA-TB|；若温度差|TA-TB|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，无需维护，否则，为异常工作状态；或者，
任意一个压力传感器采集的压力值为第一压力值PA，任意另一个压力传感器采集的压力值为第二压力值PB，所述智控单元和/或后台将第一压力值PA与第二压力值PB进行比对，获得压力差|PA-PB|；若压力差|PA-PB|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，无需维护，否则，为异常工作状态；或者，
任意一个温度传感器采集的温度值为第一温度值TA，任意另一个温度传感器采集的温度值为第二温度值TB，所述智控单元和/或后台将第一温度值TA与第二温度值TB进行比对，获得温度差|TA-TB|；若温度差|TA-TB|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，无需维护，否则，为异常工作状态。
优选地，所述第一气体密度检测传感器包括至少一个压力传感器和至少一个温度传感器；所述相互校验方法还包括：
各个压力传感器采集的压力值和各个温度传感器采集的温度值随机排列组合，并将各个组合按照气体压力-温度特性换算成为多个对应20℃的压力值，即气体密度值，各个气体密度值进行比对，完成对各个压力传感器、各个温度传感器的相互校验；或者，
各个压力传感器采集的压力值和各个温度传感器采集的温度值历遍所有排列组合，并将各个组合按照气体压力-温度特性换算成为多个对应20℃的压力值，即气体密度值，各个气体密度值进行比对，完成对各个压力传感器、各个温度传感器的相互校验；或者，
将各个压力传感器、各个温度传感器得到的多个气体密度值、压力值、温度值进行比对，完成对气体密度继电器本体、各个压力传感器、各个温度传感器的相互校验。
优选地，所述气体密度继电器还包括温度调节机构，所述温度调节机构为温度可调的调节机构，所述温度调节机构被配置为调节气体密度继电器本体的温度补偿元件的温度升降，使所述气体密度继电器本体的气体密度发生变化；所述相互校验方法还包括：
将所述温度调节机构设置在所述气体密度继电器本体的壳体内或壳体外；
将所述温度调节机构与所述智控单元相连接；
所述智控单元采集气体密度继电器本体的接点发生动作时输出的接点信号值，为第一密度值PX20，预设的接点信号值为第二密度值PB20，所述智控单元和/或后台将第一密度值PX20与第二密度值PB20进行比对，获得接点信号差值|PX20-PB20|；若接点信号差值|PX20-PB20|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，无需维护，否则，为异常工作状态。
优选地，所述气体密度继电器还包括压力调节机构，所述压力调节机构为压力可调的调 节机构，所述压力调节机构被配置为调节气体密度继电器本体的压力升降，使气体密度继电器本体的气体密度发生变化；所述相互校验方法还包括：
将所述压力调节机构的气路与所述气体密度继电器本体的气路相连通；
将所述压力调节机构与所述智控单元相连接；
所述智控单元采集气体密度继电器本体的接点发生动作时输出的接点信号值，为第一密度值PX20，预设的接点信号值为第二密度值PB20，所述智控单元和/或后台将第一密度值PX20与第二密度值PB20进行比对，获得接点信号差值|PX20-PB20|；若接点信号差值|PX20-PB20|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，无需维护，否则，为异常工作状态。
优选地，所述气体密度继电器本体还带有比对压力值输出信号和/或比对密度值输出信号；其中，所述比对压力值输出信号由气体密度继电器本体的压力检测器监测气体压力，并通过气体密度继电器本体的比对信号器输出，所述比对密度值输出信号由气体密度继电器本体的压力检测器和温度补偿元件监测气体密度，并通过气体密度继电器本体的比对信号器输出；所述相互校验方法还包括：
将所述比对压力值输出信号与所述智控单元相连接；和/或，
将所述比对密度值输出信号与所述智控单元相连接；
所述比对信号器输出的比对压力值输出信号为第一压力值PS，所述第一气体密度检测传感器在同一时刻采集的压力值为第二压力值PJ，所述智控单元和/或后台将第一压力值PS与第二压力值PJ进行比对，获得压力差|PJ-PS|；若压力差|PJ-PS|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，无需维护，否则，为异常工作状态；和/或，
所述比对信号器输出的比对密度值输出信号为第一密度值PS20，所述第一气体密度检测传感器在同一时刻采集的气体密度值为第二密度值PJ20，所述智控单元和/或后台将第一密度值PS20与第二密度值PJ20进行比对，获得密度差|PJ20-PS20|；当密度差|PJ20-PS20|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，无需维护，否则，为异常工作状态。
优选地，所述气体密度继电器还包括摄像头，所述相互校验方法包括：
将所述摄像头与所述智控单元相连接；
所述摄像头通过头像识别技术，获取气体密度继电器本体的指针显示值或数显示值，为 第一密度值PZ20，所述第一气体密度检测传感器在同一时刻采集的气体密度值为第二密度值PJ20，所述智控单元和/或后台将第一密度值PZ20与第二密度值PJ20进行比对，获得密度差|PJ20-PZ20|；若密度差|PJ20-PZ20|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，无需维护，否则，为异常工作状态。
上述对同一气体压力下采集的第一压力值和第二压力值进行比对校验；和/或对同一气体温度下采集的第一温度值和第二温度值进行比对校验；或者，对同一气体密度下采集的第一密度值和第二密度值进行比对校验可以是智控单元进行比对计算，也可以将上述数据传输至后台，由后台进行比对计算。
与现有技术相比，本发明的技术方案具有以下有益效果：
1)提供一种免维护的气体密度继电器，用于解决对气体绝缘或灭弧的电气设备气体密度进行监测的同时，还完成对气体密度继电器的在线自检或相互校验，提高了效率，无需维护，降低了运行维护成本，保障了电网安全运行。
2)提供一种免维护的气体密度继电器的相互校验方法，能够支持上述免维护的气体密度继电器的正常运行。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中：
图1是实施例一的高中压电气设备用的、免维护的气体密度继电器的结构示意图；
图2是实施例二的高中压电气设备用的、免维护的气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置的结构示意图；
图3是实施例三的高中压电气设备用的、免维护的气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置的结构示意图；
图4是实施例四的高中压电气设备用的、免维护的气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置的结构示意图；
图5～图7是实施例五的具有免维护的气体密度监测系统的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
实施例一：
图1为本发明实施例一高中压电气设备用的、免维护的气体密度继电器的结构示意图，如图1所示，一种免维护的气体密度继电器，主要包括：气体密度继电器本体1、气体密度检测传感器(压力传感器2、温度传感器3)和智控单元7；气路上，所述气体密度检测传感器的压力传感器2与所述气体密度继电器本体1连通。还包括相互自校单元，通过智控单元7对相互自校单元所检测的数据进行对比，实现免维护；或者，通过智控单元7和相互自校单元对所检测的数据进行对比，实现免维护。
本实施例中，所述相互自校单元由比对压力值输出信号和压力传感器2组成。其中，气体密度继电器本体1包括：壳体102，以及设于所述壳体102内的基座、压力检测器103、温度补偿元件104、端座108、若干信号发生器109、比对信号器1012和比对信号调节件1013；其中，信号发生器109包括微动开关或磁助式电接点，气体密度继电器本体1通过信号发生器109输出接点信号；压力检测器103包括巴登管或波纹管；温度补偿元件104采用温度补偿片或壳体内封闭的气体。本实施例中，比对信号器1012为微动开关，其电压可以是弱电级的(1～36v)、市电级的(110～220v)。所述信号发生器109包括微动开关(或磁助式电接点)，所述气体密度继电器本体1通过压力检测器103和温度补偿元件104监测气体密度，并通过所述信号发生器109输出气体密度接点信号。其原理是：基于压力检测器103并利用温度补偿元件104对变化的压力和温度进行修正，以反映六氟化硫气体密度的变化。即在被测介质六氟化硫(SF6)气体的压力作用下，由于有了温度补偿元件104的作用，六氟化硫(或其它)气体密度值变化时，六氟化硫气体的压力值也相应地变化，迫使压力检测器103的末端产生相应的弹性变形位移，借助于温度补偿元件104，传递给机芯105，机芯105又传递给指针106，遂将被测的六氟化硫气体密度值在刻度盘上指示出来。信号发生器109作为输出报警闭锁接点。这样气体密度继电器本体1就能把六氟化硫气体密度值显示出来了。如果漏气了，六氟化硫气体密度值下降了，压力检测器103产生相应地向下位移，通过温度补偿元件104，传递给机芯105，机芯105又传递给指针106，指针106就往示值小的方向走，在刻度盘上具体显示漏气程度；同时，压力检测器103通过温度补偿元件104带动横梁向下位移，横梁上的调节件107渐离信号发生器109，到一定程度时，信号发生器109的接点接通，发出相应的接点信号(报警或闭锁)，达到监视和控制电气开关等设备中的六氟化硫气体密度，使电气设备安全工作。如果气体密度值升高了，即密封气室内的六氟化硫气体压力值大于设定的六氟化硫气体压力值时，压力值也相应地升高，压力检测器103的末端和温度补偿元件104产生相应的向上位移，温度补偿元件104 使横梁也向上位移，横梁上的调节件107就向上位移并推动信号发生器109的接点断开，接点信号(报警或闭锁)就解除。
比对压力值输出信号由压力检测器103监测气体压力，并通过比对信号器1012输出。其工作原理为：(六氟化硫)气体的压力值随着环境温度的变化，其压力值也相应的发生变化，压力值变化了就会迫使压力检测器103的末端产生相应的弹性变形位移，气体压力值到了所设定的比对压力值输出信号所对应的压力值P S时，压力检测器103通过端座108带动比对信号调节件1013触发比对信号器1012，比对信号器1012就输出所设定值的比对压力值信号。而相互自校单元就由该比对压力值输出信号和压力传感器2组成。就是说：当气体密度继电器所监测的气体压力下降或上升到所规定的(或设定的)比对压力值P S时，比对信号器1012就输出所设定值的比对压力值输出信号。该信号可以与远传气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置(或系统)连接，如与智控单元7连接，利用环境温度变化引起的压力变化，或在气路关闭时，压力调节机构调节压力而引起的压力变化，通过远传气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置(或系统)电子部分的智控单元7所采集的当时的气体压力值P J，当时的气体压力值P J就是比对信号器1012输出比对压力值输出信号时，电子部分所采集的气体压力值P J。简单地讲，在同一气体压力值下，比对压力值P S就是气体密度继电器的机械部分的压力检测器103所检测的压力值，而P J值就是气体密度继电器的电子部分(主要通过压力传感器)所采集的气体压力值。远传气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置(或系统)对检测到的气体压力值P J与比对压力值P S进行比对，如果其一致性好就说明远传气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置(或系统)在线监测压力监测部分工作是正常的，无需维护。即│P J-P S│在其允许设定值内，就说明远传气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置(或系统)在线监测压力监测部分工作是正常的，气体密度继电器的压力检测器103也是正常的，无需维护。比对压力值输出信号所对应的压力值范围为气体密度继电器本体的额定值所对应20℃时压力值的60％～130％。例如，额定压力为0.6MPa的气体密度继电器本体，其比对压力值输出信号所对应的压力值范围为0.36～0.78MPa，具体可以根据其所在地区的天气温度而合理设定。
需要说明的是，当所述气体密度继电器本体为数字型气体密度继电器时，所述智控单元可以是数字型气体密度继电器本体内部自带的，或者所述智控单元也可以是另外单独设置的。
例如，数字型气体密度继电器本体内部自带集成电路或芯片，可以是通过程序写入实现 所述智控单元的功能(即作为智控单元)，或者采用可编程控制器或芯片，后续写入程序实现所述智控单元的功能(即作为智控单元)，此时，本申请不再额外增加智控单元。具体来说，免维护的数字型(或数字式)气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置包括气体密度继电器本体和第一气体密度检测传感器；而气体密度继电器本体包括继电器本体密度检测传感器、信号器、通讯模块和智控单元。其中，在气路上，所述继电器本体密度检测传感器，与所述第一气体密度检测传感器在气路上连通，用于采集压力值和温度值、和/或气体密度值；所述智控单元分别和继电器本体密度检测传感器、信号器、通讯模块、第一气体密度检测传感器相连接；所述智控单元获取所述继电器本体密度检测传感器采集的气体密度值；或者，所述智控单元获取所述继电器本体密度检测传感器采集的压力值和/或温度值，根据气体压力-温度特性转换成气体密度值；所述智控单元通过通讯模块上传气体密度值、压力值、温度值中的一种或更多种，完成所述气体密度继电器对所监测的电气设备的气体密度的在线监测；当所述的气体密度值低于和/或高于所设定的接点预设阈值时，智控单元控制信号器，使信号器输出报警、和/或闭锁接点信号，完成电气设备内的气体密度值的监控；所述智控单元对同一气体压力下由继电器本体密度检测传感器采集的气体压力值P S和由第一气体密度检测传感器采集的气体压力值P J进行比对诊断，如│P J-P S│在其允许设定值内，就说明数字型气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置(或系统)在线监测压力的监测部分工作是正常的，数字型气体密度继电器的继电器本体密度检测传感器的压力检测器也是正常的，无需维护；和/或，所述智控单元对同一气体温度下由继电器本体密度检测传感器采集的温度值TA和由第一气体密度检测传感器采集的温度值TB进行比对诊断；或者，所述智控单元对同一气体密度下由继电器本体密度检测传感器采集的气体密度值P S20和由第一气体密度检测传感器采集的气体密度值P J20进行比对诊断，获取气体密度继电器监测部分的当前工作状态，如│P J20-P S20│在其允许设定值内，就说明气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置(或系统)在线监测密度的监测部分工作是正常的，无需维护。或者，所述智控单元将接收的数据通过通讯模块上传至后台，所述后台对同一气体压力下由继电器本体密度检测传感器采集的气体压力值和由第一气体密度检测传感器采集的气体压力值进行比对诊断；和/或，所述后台对同一气体温度下由继电器本体密度检测传感器采集的温度值和由第一气体密度检测传感器采集的温度值进行比对诊断；或者，所述后台对同一气体密度下由继电器本体密度检测传感器采集的气体密度值和由第一气体密度检测传感器采集的气体密度值进行比对诊断，获取气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态。其中，所述继电器本体密度检测传感器包括一个 本体压力传感器和一个本体温度传感器；或者，采用由压力传感器和温度传感器组成的本体气体密度变送器；或者，采用石英音叉技术的本体密度检测传感器。另外，所述第一气体密度检测传感器可以只包括至少一个压力传感器，温度传感器可以采用本体温度传感器。本体温度传感器的比对可以由智控单元和/或后台将环境温度值，与继电器本体密度检测传感器的本体温度传感器采集的温度值进行比对，完成对继电器本体密度检测传感器的本体温度传感器的校验。还可以，对于同一个变电站，电气设备X、电气设备Y、电气设备Z的温度传感器所监测的温度值分别为T X、T Y、T Z，依次类推，后台可以对温度值T X、T Y、T Z进行比对诊断，如哪个明显偏离，则监测该设备的温度传感器的当前工作状态为异常工作状态；如果基本接近，则说明所述气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置的监测部分的当前工作状态皆为正常工作状态。
实施例二：
图2为本发明实施例二高压电气设备用的、免维护的气体密度继电器的正面结构示意图，如图2所示，与实施例一不同的是，本实施例中是输出比对密度值输出信号。所述的气体密度继电器设有比对密度值输出信号时，也是可以利用密度继电器与电气设备之间存在温差引起气体密度继电器的密度值变化(或利用温度调节机构调节温度补偿元件而引起的密度继电器密度值变化；或在气路关闭时，压力调节机构调节压力而引起的密度变化)，气体密度继电器电子部分的智控单元7通过压力传感器2和温度传感器3实时采集气体密度值，气体密度继电器机械部分的压力检测器103和温度补偿元件104也实时监测气体密度值。当气体密度所监测的气体密度值下降或升高到一定值时，比对密度值输出信号输出信号，此时，电子部分的智控单元7通过压力传感器2和温度传感器3采集到气体密度值P J20，而机械部分的压力检测器103和温度补偿元件104监测到的气体压力值为P S20(比对密度值)。也就是在同一气体密度值下，气体密度继电器的机械部分的压力检测器103和温度补偿元件104所检测的气体压力值为P S20(比对密度值)与电子部分(主要通过压力传感器2和温度传感器3)所采集的气体密度值为P J20进行比对，如果其一致性好就说明气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置(或系统)在线监测密度监测部分工作是正常的，无需维护。即│P J20-P S20│在其允许设定值内，就说明气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置(或系统)在线监测密度监测部分工作是正常的，无需维护。
实施例三：
图3为本发明实施例三高压电气设备用的、免维护的气体密度继电器或气体密度监测 装置的结构示意图，如图3所示，本发明实施例三的免维护的气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置，包括：气体密度继电器本体1、压力传感器2、温度传感器3、阀4、压力调节机构5、在线校验接点信号采样单元6、智控单元7、多通接头9。所述阀4的一端与设备连接接头相连通，所述阀4的另一端与多通接头9相连接。气体密度继电器本体1、压力传感器2、温度传感器3、在线校验接点信号采样单元6、智控单元7设置在多通接头9上；压力传感器2在气路上与气体密度继电器本体1的压力检测器相连通；所述压力调节机构5安装在多通接头9上，压力调节机构5与气体密度继电器本体1的压力检测器相连通；在线校验接点信号采样单元6和智控单元7设置在一起；温度传感器3设置在气体密度继电器本体1附近，或设置在其壳体内部的温度补偿元件附近。所述压力传感器2、温度传感器3、阀4、压力调节机构5分别与智控单元7相连接。本实施例的压力调节机构5主要由气室57、加热元件58、保温件59、温度传感器(图中未示出)组成。气室57外部(也可以内部)设有所述加热元件58，通过加热，导致温度的变化，进而完成压力的升降。通过该压力调节机构5调节压力，使得气体密度继电器本体1发生接点动作，接点动作通过在线校验接点信号采样单元6传递到智控单元7，智控单元7根据气体密度继电器本体1的接点动作时的压力值以及温度值，换算成对应的密度值P X20，检测到气体密度继电器本体1的报警和/或闭锁接点动作值和/或返回值，完成气体密度继电器的校验工作。加热元件58也可以采用制冷元件替代。
本实施例的工作原理如下：当需要校验密度继电器时，装置发出指令，对压力调节机构5的加热元件58进行加热，当压力调节机构5的温度传感器的温度值与温度传感器3的温度值的温差达到设定值后，装置或系统发出指令，即可以通过智控单元7关闭阀4，使气体密度继电器本体1在气路上与设备连接接头隔断，进而与电气设备隔断；接着立即关断调节机构5的加热元件58，停止对加热元件58进行加热，压力调节机构5的密闭气室57的气体的压力就逐步下降，使得气体密度继电器本体1发生报警和/或闭锁接点动作，其接点动作通过在线校验接点信号采样单元6传递到智控单元7，智控单元7根据报警和/或闭锁接点动作时的气体密度值，检测出气体密度继电器本体1的报警和/或闭锁接点动作值和/或返回值，完成气体密度继电器本体1的校验工作。本实施例中，相互自校单元主要由压力调节机构5和智控单元7组成。利用压力调节机构5调节压力而引起的气体密度变化，通过智控单元7及时采集当时的气体密度继电器本体1的接点信号值P X20，将检测到的气体密度继电器本体1的接点信号值P X20与密度继电器的标准(额定参数)要求接点信号值P B20 进行比对，如果其一致性好就说明气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置的在线监测密度监测部分的工作是正常的，无需维护。即│P X20-P B20│在其允许设定值内，就说明气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置的在线监测密度监测部分工作是正常的，无需维护。
总之，气体密度继电器完成气体密度继电器本体的在线校验工作后，如有异常，能够自动发出报警，可以上传到远端，或可以发送到指定的接收机上，例如发送到手机。或者，气体密度继电器完成气体密度继电器本体的校验工作后，如有异常，智控单元7可以通过气体密度继电器本体1的报警接点信号上传远端(监控室、后台监控平台等)，以及还可以就地显示告示。简单版的气体密度继电器在线校验，可以把校验有异常的结果通过报警信号线上传，可以以一定的规律上传，例如异常时，在报警信号接点并联一个接点，有规律地闭合和断开，通过解析得到状况；或通过独立的校验信号线上传。具体可以状态好上传，或有问题上传，或把校验结果通过单独的校验信号线上传，或通过就地显示，就地报警，或通过无线上传，与智能手机联网上传。其通信方式为有线或无线，有线的通讯方式可以为RS232、RS485、CAN-BUS等工业总线、光纤以太网、4-20mA、Hart、IIC、SPI、Wire、同轴电缆、PLC电力载波等；无线通讯方式可以为2G/3G/4G/5G等、WIFI、蓝牙、Lora、Lorawan、Zigbee、红外、超声波、声波、卫星、光波、量子通信、声呐、传感器内置5G/NB-IOT通讯模块(如NB-IOT)等。总之，可以多重方式，多种组合，充分保证气体密度继电器的可靠性能。
实施例四：
图4为本发明实施例四高压电气设备用的、免维护的气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置的结构示意图。如图4所示，本发明实施例四免维护的气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置，包括：气体密度继电器本体1、压力传感器21、压力传感器22、温度传感器31、温度传感器32、阀4、压力调节机构5、在线校验接点信号采样单元6、智控单元7、设备连接接头1010。在运行中所述设备连接接头1010的一端密封连接于气体绝缘电气设备上，所述设备连接接头1010的另一端与阀4相连通；而所述阀4的另一端与压力调节机构5相连通。气体密度继电器本体1、温度传感器31、在线校验接点信号采样单元6、智控单元7设置在一起，且设置在压力调节机构5上；压力传感器21设置在压力调节机构5上。压力传感器22、温度传感器32设置在设备连接接头1010侧(阀4与连接接头1010连接一侧)。压力传感器21、气体密度继电器本体1的压力检测器在气路上与压力调节机构5相连通；所述压力传感器21、压力传感器22、温度传感器31、温度传感器32与智控单元7相连接； 所述阀4与智控单元7相连接；所述压力调节机构5与智控单元7相连接。本实施例中，所述压力传感器有两个，分别是压力传感器21、压力传感器22；所述的温度传感器有两个，分别是温度传感器31、温度传感器32。本案例中温度传感器32也可以省去。本发明实施例四免维护的气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置具有若干个压力传感器和温度传感器。例如，本实施例中，所述相互自校单元由两个气体密度检测传感器A、B构成，具体就是利用气体密度检测传感器A和气体密度检测传感器B(压力传感器21、压力传感器22，温度传感器31、温度传感器32)分别检测到的压力值P A和P B进行比对，温度值T A和T B进行比对，如果其一致性好就说明气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置的在线监测部分工作是正常的，无需维护。即│P A-P B│，以及│T A-T B│分别在其允许设定值内，就说明气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置的在线监测部分工作是正常的，无需维护。
这样的目的是：压力传感器21和压力传感器22监测得到的压力值可以进行比对，相互校验；温度传感器31和温度传感器32监测得到的压力值可以进行比对，相互校验；另外，还可以根据压力传感器21和温度传感器31监测得到的密度值P A20，根据压力传感器22和温度传感器32监测得到的密度值P B20进行比对，相互校验；即：所述相互自校单元由多个(至少两个)气体密度检测传感器A、B构成，利用气体密度检测传感器A和气体密度检测传感器B分别检测到的密度值P A20和P B20进行比对，如果其一致性好就说明气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置的在线监测部分工作是正常的，无需维护。即│P A20-P B20│在其允许设定值内，就说明气体密度继电器或密度监测装置的在线监测部分工作是正常的，无需维护。
甚至还可以在线校验得到气体密度继电器本体的额定值的密度值Pe 20，相互之间进行比对，相互校验。只要压力传感器21、压力传感器22、温度传感器31、温度传感器32、气体密度继电器本体1相互之间的数据是吻合的、正常的，就可以说明气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置是正常的，这样就可以不用人工到现场对气体密度继电器进行校验，实现全寿命免人工校验。除非，变电站中某一个电气设备的压力传感器21、压力传感器22、温度传感器31、温度传感器32、气体密度继电器自身相互之间的数据是不吻合的、异常的，才安排维修人员去处理。而对于吻合的、正常的，就无需校验，这样一来，大大提高了可靠性，提高了效率，降低成本。
本发明实施例四提供的气体绝缘高压电气设备用的、免维护的气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置具有安全保护功能，具体是：1)无论是根据压力传感器21和温度传感器31， 还是根据压力传感器22和温度传感器32，只要监测得到的密度值低于设定值，气体密度继电器就自动不再对气体密度继电器本体1进行校验，而发出告示信号。例如，当设备的气体密度值小于设定值时，就不校验了。只有当设备的气体密度值≥(闭锁压力+0.02MPa)时，才能进行校验。接点报警有状态指示。2)或在校验时，此时阀4关闭时，当压力传感器22和温度传感器32监测得到的密度值低于设定值时，气体密度继电器就自动不再对气体密度继电器本体1进行校验，同时发出告示信号(漏气)。例如，当设备的气体密度值小于设定值(闭锁压力+0.02MPa)时，就不校验了。设定值可以根据需要设置。同时该气体密度继电器还具有多个压力传感器、温度传感器的相互校验，以及压力传感器、温度传感器与气体密度继电器本体1的相互校验，确保气体密度继电器工作是正常的。
气体密度继电器能够在不同的温度下，不同的时间段进行其误差性能的比较。即不同时期，相同温度范围内的比较，作出判定电气设备、气体密度继电器的性能。具有历史各个时期的比对、历史与现在的比对。还能对气体密度继电器进行体检。气体密度继电器可以反复校验多次(例如2～3次)，根据每次的校验结果，然后计算其平均值。必要时，可以随时对密度继电器进行在线校验。
上述内容中，压力传感器的类型包括：绝对压力传感器、相对压力传感器、或绝对压力传感器和相对压力传感器，数量可以是若干个。压力传感器的形式可以是扩散硅压力传感器、MEMS压力传感器、芯片式压力传感器、线圈感应压力传感器(如巴登管附带感应线圈的压力测量传感器)、电阻压力传感器(如巴登管附带滑线电阻的压力测量传感器)，可以是模拟量压力传感器，也可以是数字量压力传感器。压力采集为压力传感器、压力变送器等各种感压元件，例如扩散硅式、蓝宝石式、压电式、应变片式(电阻应变片式、陶瓷应变片式)。温度传感器可以是热电偶、热敏电阻、半导体式，可以接触式和非接触式，可以是热电阻和热电偶。总之，温度采集可以用温度传感器、温度变送器等各种感温元件。气体密度继电器本体，包括带指示的密度继电器(指针显示的密度继电器、或数码显示的密度继电器、液晶显示的密度继电器)，不带指示的密度继电器(即密度开关)。
气体密度继电器具有压力、温度测量及软件换算功能。在不影响电气设备安全运行的前提下，能够在线检测出气体密度继电器的报警和/或闭锁接点动作值和/或返回值。当然报警和/闭锁接点信号的返回值也可以根据要求不需要测试。
所述智控单元7主要完成阀的控制、压力调节机构的控制、信号采集。即智控单元7的基本要求或功能是：通过智控单元7完成对阀4的控制、压力调节机构5的控制、信号 采集。能够检测到气体密度继电器本体的接点信号发生动作时的压力值和温度值，换算成对应的20℃时的压力值P 20(密度值)，即能够检测到气体密度继电器的接点动作值P D20，完成气体密度继电器本体的校验工作。或者，能够直接检测到气体密度继电器本体的接点信号发生动作时的密度值P D20，完成气体密度继电器本体的校验工作，这是最基本的要求。当然，智控单元7还可以实现：测试数据存储；和/或测试数据导出；和/或测试数据可打印；和/或可与上位机进行数据通讯；和/或可输入模拟量、数字量信息。所述智控单元7还包括通讯模块，通过通讯模块实现远距离传输测试数据和/或校验结果等信息。当所述的气体密度继电器本体的额定压力值输出信号时，智控单元7同时采集当时的密度值，完成气体密度继电器的额定压力值校验。气体密度继电器会自动进行对比判定，如果误差相差大，就会发出异常提示：气体密度继电器自身的压力检测器或压力传感器、温度传感器等有问题。即气体密度继电器能够完成气体密度继电器自身的压力检测器和压力传感器、温度传感器、或密度变送器等的相互校验功能；能够完成所述气体密度继电器自身的压力检测器、压力传感器、温度传感器等的相互校验。气体密度继电器完成气体密度继电器的校验时，会自动进行相互对比判断，如果误差相差大，就会发出异常提示：气体密度继电器自身的压力检测器或压力传感器、温度传感器等有问题。即气体密度继电器能够完成气体密度继电器自身的压力检测器、或压力传感器、温度传感器、或密度变送器等的相互校验功能。气体密度继电器具有人工智能校对能力；完成气体密度继电器的校验工作后，能够自动生成密度继电器的校验报告，如有异常，能够自动发出报警，或可以发送到指定的接收机上，例如发送到手机；可以现场就地显示密度值和校验结果，或通过后台显示密度值和校验结果，具体方式可以灵活；具有实时在线密度值、压力值、温度值等数据显示、变化趋势分析、历史数据查询、实时告警等功能；可以在线监测气体密度值，或密度值、压力值、温度值；具有自诊断功能，能够对异常及时告示，例如断线、短路报警、传感器损坏等告示；能够在不同的温度下，不同的时间段进行气体密度继电器的误差性能的比较，即不同时期，相同温度范围内的比较，作出判定气体密度继电器的性能。具有历史各个时期的比对、历史与现在的比对。还可以对气体密度继电器进行自身体检；对气体密度继电器自身、所监测的电气设备的密度值是否正常进行判定。即可以对电气设备本身的密度值、气体密度继电器自身的压力检测器、压力传感器、温度传感器等进行正常和异常的判定和分析、比较，进而实现对电气设备气体密度监控、气体密度继电器本身等状态进行判定、比较、分析；还含有分析系统(专家管理分析系统)，对气体密度监测、气体密度继电器、监测元件进行检测分析，判定，知道问题点在哪里，是 电气设备、还是气体密度继电器自身有问题；还可以对气体密度继电器本体的接点信号状态进行监测，并把其状态实施远传。可以在后台就知道气体密度继电器本体的接点信号状态是断开的还是闭合的，从而多一层监控，提高可靠性；还能够对气体密度继电器本体的温度补偿性能进行检测，或检测和判定；还能够对气体密度继电器本体的接点接触电阻进行检测，或检测和判定；具有数据分析、数据处理功能，能够对电气设备进行相应的故障诊断和预测。
只要压力传感器2、温度传感器3、压力检测器103、温度补偿元件104等相互之间的检测数据是吻合的、正常的，就说明气体密度继电器自身是正常的，就无需采用传统的方式由维护人员到现场对气体密度继电器进行校验，可以全寿命免人工校验。除非，变电站中某一个电气设备的压力传感器2、温度传感器3、气体密度继电器的压力检测器103、温度补偿元件104等相互之间的检测数据是不吻合的、异常的，才安排维修人员去处理。而对于吻合的、正常的，就无需进行人工校验，这样一来，大大提高了可靠性提高了效率，降低了成本。
实施例五：
图5～图7是一种具有免维护的气体密度监测系统，所述气体密度监测系统包括上述的具有免维护的气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置。
如图5所示，多个设有气室的电气设备、多个免维护的气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置均依次通过集线器、IEC61850协议转换器与远程后台检测系统连接；其中，免维护的气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置分别设置在对应气室的电气设备上。
见图5和6所示，PC为在线监测后台主机及系统，Gateway为网络交换机，Server为综合应用服务器，ProC为规约转换器/在线监测智能单元，HUB为集线器，而Z为免维护的气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置。在线监测系统架构包括：详列简单架构(图5)、常规架构(图6)、复杂架构等系统图。
系统架构图及简单说明：1)、后台软件平台：基于Windows、Linux及其他等，或VxWorks、Android、Unix、UCos、FreeRTOS、RTX、embOS、MacOS。2)、后台软件关键业务模块、基本功能：例如权限管理、设备管理、数据存储于查询等；以及用户管理、报警管理、实时数据、历史数据、实时曲线、历史曲线、配置管理、数据采集、数据解析、记录条件、异常处理。3)、界面组态：例如Form界面、Web界面、组态界面等。
图7为无线传输方式的架构系统图。图中虚框表示无线模块Wn和气体密度继电器Zn可以做成一体或者分体，具体方案可以灵活。多个综合应用服务器Server1、 Server2、……Server n通过云端Cluod、无线网关(Wireless Gateway)、以及各个气体密度继电器的无线模块与各个气体密度继电器进行无线通信。其中，n为自然数。
免维护的气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置可以实现的功能：1)、进行气体密度在线监测，或可以实现气体密度、微水在线监测，或可以实现气体密度、微水、分解物含量在线监测；2)、密度继电器自身的在线校验(可以在线校验密度继电器的接点信号值、显示值)；3)、可以通过电子式检测(监测)与机械检测(监测)的相互校验，实现系统的可靠性能，进而可以全寿命免人工校验。除非，变电站中某一个电气设备的压力传感器2、温度传感器3、气体密度继电器本体1相互之间的检测数据不吻合的、异常的，才安排维修人员去处理。而对于吻合的、正常的，就无需进行校验，这样一来，大大提高了可靠性，提高了效率，降低了成本；4)、甚至可以进行压力传感器2的零位校验。
免维护的气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置具有自身诊断功能，可以对各元件进行自诊断，对过程进行诊断，例如对监测或校验过程进行诊断；该气体密度继电器具有自身校验、比对的性能。
免维护的气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置含有多个压力传感器、温度传感器，多个压力传感器、温度传感器的测试数据的相互校验，以及这些传感器与气体密度继电器本体的测试数据的相互校验，确保气体密度继电器工作正常。
免维护的气体密度继电器或气体密度监测装置将传来的环境温度值与温度传感器的采样值进行比对，完成对温度传感器的校对。
需要说明的是，本申请中所述的一种免维护的气体密度继电器一般指的是其组成元件设计成一体结构；而气体密度监测装置一般指的是其组成元件设计成分体结构，灵活组成。气体温度泛指气体里的温度、或对应的环境温度。本发明中的比对校验方法除了包括、但不限于相应差值分别在其预设阈值内、检测值在其设定范围内、两个对应检测值相除在其预设阈值内中的一种。相互校验方法中，可以由智控单元和/或后台完成对应检测结果的比对，方式可以灵活。
以上对本发明的具体实施例进行了详细描述，但其只是作为范例，本发明并不限制于以上描述的具体实施例。对于本领域技术人员而言，任何对本发明进行的等同修改和替代也都在本发明的范畴之中。因此，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围下所作的均等变换和修改，都应涵盖在本发明的范围内。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种免维护的气体密度继电器，其特征在于，包括：气体密度继电器本体、第一气体密度检测传感器和智控单元；其中，
    所述第一气体密度检测传感器，与所述气体密度继电器本体在气路上连通，用于采集压力值和温度值、和/或气体密度值；所述智控单元与所述气体密度继电器本体、和/或所述第一气体密度检测传感器相连接，接收和/或计算所述气体密度继电器本体、所述第一气体密度检测传感器监测的数据；
    所述智控单元对同一气体压力下采集的第一压力值和第二压力值进行比对校验；和/或，所述智控单元对同一气体温度下采集的第一温度值和第二温度值进行比对校验；或者，所述智控单元对同一气体密度下采集的第一密度值和第二密度值进行比对校验，获取气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态；或者，
    所述智控单元将接收的数据上传至后台，所述后台对同一气体压力下采集的第一压力值和第二压力值进行比对校验；和/或，所述后台对同一气体温度下采集的第一温度值和第二温度值进行比对校验；或者，所述后台对同一气体密度下采集的第一密度值和第二密度值进行比对校验，获取气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态；
    其中，所述第一压力值、第二压力值中的一个、或两个来自于所述第一气体密度检测传感器或来自于所述气体密度继电器本体；所述第一温度值、第二温度值中的一个、或两个来自于所述第一气体密度检测传感器或来自于所述气体密度继电器本体；所述第一密度值、第二密度值中的一个、或两个来自于所述第一气体密度检测传感器或来自于所述气体密度继电器本体。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种免维护的气体密度继电器，其特征在于，所述气体密度继电器包括至少两个第一气体密度检测传感器，每一个第一气体密度检测传感器包括一个压力传感器、一个温度传感器；各个第一气体密度检测传感器检测的压力值和温度值、或气体密度值进行比对，完成对各个第一气体密度检测传感器的相互校验。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种免维护的气体密度继电器，其特征在于，所述气体密度继电器还包括第二气体密度检测传感器，第一气体密度检测传感器和第二气体密度检测传感器均包括一个压力传感器、一个温度传感器；第一气体密度检测传感器的压力值和温度值、或气体密度值与第二气体密度检测传感器检测的压力值和温度值、或气体密度值进行比对，完成对第一气体密度检测传感器和第二气体密度检测传感器的相互校验。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种免维护的气体密度继电器，其特征在于，所述第一气体密度检测传感器包括至少一个压力传感器和至少一个温度传感器；或者，所述第一气体密度检测传感器为压力传感器和温度传感器组成的气体密度变送器；或者，所述第一气体密度检测传感器为采用石英音叉技术的密度检测传感器。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种免维护的气体密度继电器，其特征在于，所述智控单元和/或后台将环境温度值，与所述第一气体密度检测传感器的各温度传感器采集的温度值进行比对，完成对各温度传感器的校验。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的一种免维护的气体密度继电器，其特征在于，所述第一气体密度检测传感器包括至少两个压力传感器，各个压力传感器采集的压力值进行比对，完成对各个压力传感器的相互校验。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的一种免维护的气体密度继电器，其特征在于，所述第一气体密度检测传感器包括至少两个温度传感器，各个温度传感器采集的温度值进行比对，完成对各个温度传感器的相互校验。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种免维护的气体密度继电器，其特征在于，所述气体密度继电器还包括温度调节机构，所述温度调节机构为温度可调的调节机构，所述温度调节机构被配置为调节气体密度继电器本体的温度补偿元件的温度升降，使所述气体密度继电器本体的气体密度发生变化；所述智控单元采集气体密度继电器本体的接点发生动作时输出的接点信号值，为第一密度值PX20，预设的接点信号值为第二密度值PB20，所述智控单元和/或后台将第一密度值PX20与第二密度值PB20进行比对，获得接点信号差值|PX20-PB20|；若接点信号差值|PX20-PB20|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，否则，为异常工作状态。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种免维护的气体密度继电器，其特征在于，所述气体密度继电器还包括压力调节机构，所述压力调节机构为压力可调的调节机构，所述压力调节机构被配置为调节气体密度继电器本体的压力升降，使所述气体密度继电器本体的气体密度发生变化；所述智控单元采集气体密度继电器本体的接点发生动作时输出的接点信号值，为第一密度值PX20，预设的接点信号值为第二密度值PB20，所述智控单元和/或后台将第一密度值PX20与第二密度值PB20进行比对，获得接点信号差值|PX20-PB20|；若接点信号差值|PX20-PB20|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，否则，为异常工作状态。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的一种免维护的气体密度继电器，其特征在于，所述气体密度继电器本体包括壳体，以及设于壳体内的基座、压力检测器、温度补偿元件、比对信号器、至少一个信号发生器，所述气体密度继电器本体通过压力检测器和温度补偿元件监测气体密度，并通过信号发生器输出接点信号值；
    所述气体密度继电器本体还带有比对压力值输出信号，所述压力检测器所监测的气体密度继电器本体的气体压力上升或下降到一设定的气体压力值，所述比对信号器输出比对压力值输出信号，该比对压力值输出信号与所述智控单元相连接；和/或，
    所述气体密度继电器本体还带有比对密度值输出信号，所述压力检测器和所述温度补偿元件所监测的气体密度继电器本体的气体密度上升或下降到一设定的气体密度值，所述比对信号器输出比对密度值输出信号，该比对密度值输出信号与所述智控单元相连接；
    其中，所述比对信号器包括微动开关、电接点、水银开关、光电开关、舌簧开关、接近开关、电子开关、可变电阻、电压或电流测量器中的一种；所述信号发生器包括微动开关、电接点、水银开关、光电开关、舌簧开关、接近开关、电子开关中的一种；所述压力检测器包括巴登管、波纹管、波纹管+弹簧、压力传感器中的一种。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的一种免维护的气体密度继电器，其特征在于，所述气体密度继电器还包括摄像头，所述摄像头通过头像识别技术获取气体密度继电器本体的指针显示值或数显示值。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的一种免维护的气体密度继电器，其特征在于，所述智控单元获取所述第一气体密度检测传感器采集的气体密度值；或者，所述智控单元获取所述第一气体密度检测传感器采集的压力值和温度值，完成所述气体密度继电器对气体密度的在线监测。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的一种免维护的气体密度继电器，其特征在于，所述智控单元获取所述气体密度继电器本体发生接点动作或切换时、所述第一气体密度检测传感器采集的气体密度值，完成所述气体密度继电器的在线校验；或者，
    所述智控单元获取所述气体密度继电器本体发生接点动作或切换时、所述第一气体密度检测传感器采集的压力值和温度值，并按照气体压力-温度特性换算成为对应20℃的压力值，即气体密度值，完成所述气体密度继电器的在线校验。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的一种免维护的气体密度继电器，其特征在于，至少两个所述气体密度继电器均通过通讯设备与远程后台检测系统连接；其中，所述气体密度继电器设 置在其对应气室的电气设备上，所述通讯设备的通讯方式包括有线通讯方式和无线通讯方式。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的一种免维护的气体密度继电器，其特征在于，所述智控单元的控制通过现场控制，和/或通过后台控制。
  16. 根据权利要求1所述的一种免维护的气体密度继电器，其特征在于，所述气体密度继电器本体包括双金属片补偿的气体密度继电器、气体补偿的气体密度继电器、双金属片和气体补偿混合型的气体密度继电器，完全机械的气体密度继电器、数字型气体密度继电器、机械和数字结合型的气体密度继电器，带指针显示的气体密度继电器、数显型气体密度继电器、不带显示或指示的气体密度开关，SF6气体密度继电器、SF6混合气体密度继电器、N2气体密度继电器中的一种或更多种；其中，所述气体密度继电器本体为数字型气体密度继电器时，所述智控单元是数字型气体密度继电器本体内自带的，或者所述智控单元是数字型气体密度继电器本体外单独设置的。
  17. 一种如权利要求1所述的免维护的气体密度继电器的相互校验方法，其特征在于，包括：
    将第一气体密度检测传感器，与气体密度继电器本体在气路上连通；
    将智控单元与所述气体密度继电器本体和/或所述第一气体密度检测传感器相连接；
    所述智控单元对同一气体压力下采集的第一压力值和第二压力值进行比对校验；和/或，所述智控单元对同一气体温度下采集的第一温度值和第二温度值进行比对校验；或者，所述智控单元对同一气体密度下采集的第一密度值和第二密度值进行比对校验，获取气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态；或者，
    所述智控单元将接收的数据上传至后台，所述后台对同一气体压力下采集的第一压力值和第二压力值进行比对校验；和/或，所述后台对同一气体温度下采集的第一温度值和第二温度值进行比对校验；或者，所述后台对同一气体密度下采集的第一密度值和第二密度值进行比对校验，获取气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态；
    其中，第一压力值、第二压力值中的一个、或两个来自于所述第一气体密度检测传感器或来自于所述气体密度继电器本体；第一温度值、第二温度值中的一个、或两个来自于所述第一气体密度检测传感器或来自于所述气体密度继电器本体；第一密度值、第二密度值中的一个、或两个来自于所述第一气体密度检测传感器或来自于所述气体密度继电器本体。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的一种免维护的气体密度继电器的相互校验方法，其特征在 于，所述气体密度继电器还包括第二气体密度检测传感器，所述第一气体密度检测传感器和第二气体密度检测传感器均包括一个压力传感器、一个温度传感器；所述相互校验方法包括：
    第一气体密度检测传感器、第二气体密度检测传感器中任意一个的压力传感器采集的压力值为第一压力值PA，温度传感器采集的温度值为第一温度值TA；第一气体密度检测传感器、第二气体密度检测传感器中任意另一个的压力传感器采集的压力值为第二压力值PB，温度传感器采集的温度值为第二温度值TB；所述智控单元或后台将第一压力值PA与第二压力值PB进行比对，获得压力差|PA-PB|，将第一温度值TA与第二温度值TB进行比对，获得温度差|TA-TB|；若压力差|PA-PB|和/或温度差|TA-TB|分别在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，否则，为异常工作状态；或者，
    第一气体密度检测传感器、第二气体密度检测传感器中任意一个采集的气体密度值为第一密度值PA20，任意另一个采集的气体密度值为第二密度值PB20；所述智控单元和/或后台将第一密度值PA20与第二密度值PB20进行比对，获得密度差|PA20-PB20|；若密度差|PA20-PB20|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，否则，为异常工作状态。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的一种免维护的气体密度继电器的相互校验方法，其特征在于，所述第一气体密度检测传感器包括至少一个压力传感器和至少一个温度传感器；所述相互校验方法包括：
    任意一个温度传感器采集的温度值为第一温度值TA，环境温度值为第二温度值TB，所述智控单元和/或后台将第一温度值TA与第二温度值TB进行比对，获得温度差|TA-TB|；若温度差|TA-TB|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，无需维护，否则，为异常工作状态；或者，
    任意一个压力传感器采集的压力值为第一压力值PA，任意另一个压力传感器采集的压力值为第二压力值PB，所述智控单元和/或后台将第一压力值PA与第二压力值PB进行比对，获得压力差|PA-PB|；若压力差|PA-PB|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，无需维护，否则，为异常工作状态；或者，
    任意一个温度传感器采集的温度值为第一温度值TA，任意另一个温度传感器采集的温度值为第二温度值TB，所述智控单元和/或后台将第一温度值TA与第二温度值TB进行比对，获得温度差|TA-TB|；若温度差|TA-TB|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，无需维护，否则，为异常工作状态。
  20. 根据权利要求17所述的一种免维护的气体密度继电器的相互校验方法，其特征在于，所述第一气体密度检测传感器包括至少一个压力传感器和至少一个温度传感器；所述相互校验方法包括：
    各个压力传感器采集的压力值和各个温度传感器采集的温度值随机排列组合，并将各个组合按照气体压力-温度特性换算成为多个对应20℃的压力值，即气体密度值，各个气体密度值进行比对，完成对各个压力传感器、各个温度传感器的相互校验；或者，
    各个压力传感器采集的压力值和各个温度传感器采集的温度值历遍所有排列组合，并将各个组合按照气体压力-温度特性换算成为多个对应20℃的压力值，即气体密度值，各个气体密度值进行比对，完成对各个压力传感器、各个温度传感器的相互校验；或者，
    将各个压力传感器、各个温度传感器得到的多个气体密度值、压力值、温度值进行比对，完成对气体密度继电器本体、各个压力传感器、各个温度传感器的相互校验。
  21. 根据权利要求17所述的一种免维护的气体密度继电器的相互校验方法，其特征在于，所述气体密度继电器还包括温度调节机构，所述温度调节机构为温度可调的调节机构，所述温度调节机构被配置为调节气体密度继电器本体的温度补偿元件的温度升降，使所述气体密度继电器本体的气体密度发生变化；所述相互校验方法还包括：
    将所述温度调节机构设置在所述气体密度继电器本体的壳体内或壳体外；
    将所述温度调节机构与所述智控单元相连接；
    所述智控单元采集气体密度继电器本体的接点发生动作时输出的接点信号值，为第一密度值PX20，预设的接点信号值为第二密度值PB20，所述智控单元和/或后台将第一密度值PX20与第二密度值PB20进行比对，获得接点信号差值|PX20-PB20|；若接点信号差值|PX20-PB20|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，无需维护，否则，为异常工作状态。
  22. 根据权利要求17所述的一种免维护的气体密度继电器的相互校验方法，其特征在于，所述气体密度继电器还包括压力调节机构，所述压力调节机构为压力可调的调节机构，所述压力调节机构被配置为调节气体密度继电器本体的压力升降，使所述气体密度继电器本体的气体密度发生变化；所述相互校验方法包括：
    将所述压力调节机构的气路与所述气体密度继电器本体的气路相连通；
    将所述压力调节机构与所述智控单元相连接；
    所述智控单元采集气体密度继电器本体的接点发生动作时输出的接点信号值，为第一密 度值PX20，预设的接点信号值为第二密度值PB20，所述智控单元和/或后台将第一密度值PX20与第二密度值PB20进行比对，获得接点信号差值|PX20-PB20|；若接点信号差值|PX20-PB20|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，无需维护，否则，为异常工作状态。
  23. 根据权利要求17所述的一种免维护的气体密度继电器的相互校验方法，其特征在于，所述气体密度继电器本体还带有比对压力值输出信号和/或比对密度值输出信号；其中，所述比对压力值输出信号由气体密度继电器本体的压力检测器监测气体压力，并通过气体密度继电器本体的比对信号器输出，所述比对密度值输出信号由气体密度继电器本体的压力检测器和温度补偿元件监测气体密度，并通过气体密度继电器本体的比对信号器输出；所述相互校验方法还包括：
    将所述比对压力值输出信号与所述智控单元相连接；和/或，
    将所述比对密度值输出信号与所述智控单元相连接；
    所述比对信号器输出的比对压力值输出信号为第一压力值PS，所述第一气体密度检测传感器在同一时刻采集的压力值为第二压力值PJ，所述智控单元和/或后台将第一压力值PS与第二压力值PJ进行比对，获得压力差|PJ-PS|；若压力差|PJ-PS|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，无需维护，否则，为异常工作状态；和/或，
    所述比对信号器输出的比对密度值输出信号为第一密度值PS20，所述第一气体密度检测传感器在同一时刻采集的气体密度值为第二密度值PJ20，所述智控单元和/或后台将第一密度值PS20与第二密度值PJ20进行比对，获得密度差|PJ20-PS20|；当密度差|PJ20-PS20|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，无需维护，否则，为异常工作状态。
  24. 根据权利要求17所述的一种免维护的气体密度继电器的相互校验方法，其特征在于，所述气体密度继电器还包括摄像头，所述摄像头与所述智控单元相连接；所述相互校验方法还包括：所述摄像头通过头像识别技术，获取气体密度继电器本体的指针显示值或数显示值，为第一密度值PZ20，所述第一气体密度检测传感器在同一时刻采集的气体密度值为第二密度值PJ20，所述智控单元和/或后台将第一密度值PZ20与第二密度值PJ20进行比对，获得密度差|PJ20-PZ20|；若密度差|PJ20-PZ20|在其预设阈值内，则所述气体密度继电器的监测部分的当前工作状态为正常工作状态，无需维护，否则，为异常工作状态。
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