WO2021036532A1 - 电池模组和车辆 - Google Patents

电池模组和车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021036532A1
WO2021036532A1 PCT/CN2020/100959 CN2020100959W WO2021036532A1 WO 2021036532 A1 WO2021036532 A1 WO 2021036532A1 CN 2020100959 W CN2020100959 W CN 2020100959W WO 2021036532 A1 WO2021036532 A1 WO 2021036532A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
temperature
battery module
battery
cover plate
wire
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/100959
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曹根
姚己华
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to EP20827975.2A priority Critical patent/EP3813140B1/en
Priority to US17/125,843 priority patent/US11894525B2/en
Publication of WO2021036532A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021036532A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
    • G01K1/14—Supports; Fastening devices; Arrangements for mounting thermometers in particular locations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
    • G01K1/14—Supports; Fastening devices; Arrangements for mounting thermometers in particular locations
    • G01K1/143—Supports; Fastening devices; Arrangements for mounting thermometers in particular locations for measuring surface temperatures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
    • G01K7/16—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements
    • G01K7/22—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a non-linear resistance, e.g. thermistor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/102—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure
    • H01M50/103—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by their shape or physical structure prismatic or rectangular
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147—Lids or covers
    • H01M50/148—Lids or covers characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/15—Lids or covers characterised by their shape for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/172—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing
    • H01M50/174—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells
    • H01M50/176—Arrangements of electric connectors penetrating the casing adapted for the shape of the cells for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/184—Sealing members characterised by their shape or structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/284—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders with incorporated circuit boards, e.g. printed circuit boards [PCB]
    • H01M50/287—Fixing of circuit boards to lids or covers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K2205/00—Application of thermometers in motors, e.g. of a vehicle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/10—Temperature sensitive devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H01M50/207—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
    • H01M50/209—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape adapted for prismatic or rectangular cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/543—Terminals
    • H01M50/547—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells
    • H01M50/55—Terminals characterised by the disposition of the terminals on the cells on the same side of the cell
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of batteries, in particular to a battery module and a vehicle.
  • the normal operating temperature of the battery module is between -30°C and 55°C. If the temperature exceeds the limit temperature, the battery module will limit the power to realize the safety protection of the battery module.
  • the existing temperature collection method of the battery module is as follows: the temperature on the connecting piece is collected through the thermistor provided on the circuit board, and the temperature of the connecting piece is used as the temperature inside the battery. In actual situations, the temperature on the connection chip is relatively high while the temperature inside the battery is relatively low. If the difference between the two is large, the battery module will limit the power in advance, which affects the performance of the battery module.
  • the width and thickness of the connecting piece cannot be large.
  • the temperature of the connecting piece is close to the temperature inside the battery, but if a higher discharge rate is used, the temperature of the connecting piece far exceeds the temperature inside the battery.
  • the temperature of the connecting piece will rise sharply, while the temperature inside the battery rises slowly, and the temperature difference is huge, which causes the battery module to limit the power in advance, thus affecting The discharge power of the module. Therefore, how to detect the temperature inside the battery is an urgent technical problem that needs to be solved at present.
  • This application proposes a battery module to optimize the structure of the battery module.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a battery module, including:
  • the battery includes a casing and a cover plate connected to the casing, and the cover plate is provided with temperature-collecting holes;
  • the blocking member includes an insertion part installed in the temperature-collecting hole; the insertion part is provided with an accommodating cavity extending into the inside of the housing; and
  • the temperature collection component includes a temperature collection part, and the temperature collection part is installed inside the accommodating cavity.
  • the temperature collection component further includes:
  • a wire is electrically connected to the temperature collection part; one end of the wire is located inside the accommodating cavity, and the other end of the wire is located outside the accommodating cavity.
  • the outer wall of the insertion part is in contact with the electrode assembly inside the housing; or, the outer wall of the insertion part is adjacent to the electrode assembly inside the housing.
  • a thermally conductive sealant is provided between the temperature collection part and the inner wall of the accommodating cavity.
  • the blocking member further includes:
  • the sealing part is arranged at the end of the insertion part close to the cover plate; the sealing part is clamped in the outer peripheral area of the temperature collecting hole.
  • the cover plate is provided with a sink groove communicating with the temperature collection hole, and the sealing portion is installed in the sink groove.
  • the sealing part is annular and is integral with the insertion part.
  • the battery module further includes:
  • the wire harness board is installed on the top of the cover plate; the wire harness board is provided with a buckle, and the buckle is clamped to the wire.
  • the battery module further includes a circuit board, the circuit board is disposed on the top of the cover plate, and the circuit board includes a connector socket;
  • the temperature collection component also includes a connector plug electrically connected to the other end of the wire; the connector plug is electrically connected to the connector socket.
  • the number of the batteries is two or more, and they are arranged in rows; the temperature collection part is installed on at least one of the batteries.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle including the battery module described above.
  • the temperature collection part of the temperature collection component is installed in the accommodating cavity of the blocking member, and the accommodating cavity of the blocking member is basically located inside the casing of the battery.
  • the temperature of the blocking member is more consistent with the temperature inside the battery, and the blocking member can reflect the change and level of the internal temperature of the battery in time. If the internal temperature of the battery rises, the temperature of the blocking member increases in time; if the internal temperature of the battery decreases, the temperature of the blocking member decreases in time. The temperature of the blocking member changes in time as the temperature inside the battery changes.
  • the temperature transmission path is: the internal temperature of the battery is transmitted to the wall of the blocking member, and the temperature of the blocking member is directly transmitted to the temperature collecting part of the temperature collecting component.
  • the temperature collection component transmits the collected temperature to the circuit board and other components for subsequent analysis, processing and judgment. It can be seen from the above temperature transmission path that the battery module provided by the above technical solution can reflect the temperature change inside the battery in time when collecting the internal temperature of the battery.
  • the temperature transmission path is short and the temperature response speed is fast.
  • the control is more precise, so it can effectively reduce or even avoid the occurrence of battery module power limitation in advance, so that the efficiency of the battery module can be effectively displayed, and the structure and performance of the battery module are effectively optimized. It also optimizes the performance of the vehicle equipment using the battery module and increases the reliability of the vehicle equipment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery of a battery module provided by an embodiment of the application without a blocking member installed;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module in an uninstalled state according to an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery of the battery module provided by an embodiment of the application with a plugging member installed;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the battery pack arrangement of the battery module provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a temperature collection component of a battery module provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a blocking member of a battery module provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the temperature collection component of the battery module provided in an embodiment of the application in an installed state
  • Fig. 8 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of A in Fig. 7;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module installed with a wire harness plate according to an embodiment of the application.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic top view of Fig. 9;
  • Fig. 11 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of B in Fig. 10;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a circuit board structure of a battery module provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module provided with a circuit board installed in an embodiment of the application;
  • Fig. 14 is a partial enlarged schematic diagram of C in Fig. 13;
  • Fig. 15 is a schematic top view of Fig. 13;
  • Fig. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line D-D of Fig. 15;
  • Fig. 17 is a schematic structural view of Fig. 16 with the blocking member removed.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a battery module, which includes a battery 1, a blocking member 2 and a temperature collection assembly 3.
  • the battery 1 includes a casing 13 and a cover plate 12 connected to the casing 13, and the cover plate 12 is provided with a temperature collection hole 121.
  • the temperature collecting hole 121 is, for example, a through hole, which realizes temperature collection on the one hand, and can also be used to inject electrolyte into the battery 1.
  • the blocking member 2 includes an insertion part 21 which is installed in the temperature collection hole 121 and is used to block the temperature collection hole 121; the insertion part 21 is provided with a containing cavity 211 extending into the inside of the housing 13.
  • the temperature collection assembly 3 includes a temperature collection part 31, and the temperature collection part 31 is installed inside the accommodating cavity 211.
  • the optional structure of the battery 1 is as follows: the battery 1 includes a casing 13, an electrode assembly (not shown in the figure) disposed inside the casing 13, a cover plate 12 disposed on the top of the electrode assembly, and a cover plate 12 disposed on the cover plate 12.
  • the electrode terminal 14 and the top patch (not shown in the figure) arranged on the top of the cover plate 12.
  • the top patch is attached to the top of the cover plate 12.
  • the cover plate 12 is provided with an explosion-proof hole, and an explosion-proof valve 15 is installed in the explosion-proof hole.
  • the top patch is provided with a through hole communicating with the temperature collection hole 121.
  • the cover plate 12 is also provided with two electrode terminal through holes, and an electrode terminal 14 is installed in each electrode terminal through hole.
  • the electrode terminal 14 includes a positive electrode terminal 141 and a negative electrode terminal 142.
  • the cover plate 12 is arranged at the opening of the housing 13.
  • the electrode assembly is installed inside the case 13 via the opening.
  • the largest side of the electrode assembly and the largest side of the case 13 face each other, and the largest side of the case 13 serves as the largest side of the battery 1.
  • the material of the top patch is, for example, an insulating material.
  • the top patch is sheet-shaped, and its size matches the size of the top surface of the cover plate 12. For example, the structure and size of the top patch just completely cover the top surface of the cover plate 12; or, the size of the top patch is slightly larger than the size of the top surface of the cover plate 12, so that the top patch has sufficient size to form a bent edge Cover the cover plate 12.
  • the top patch plays an insulating role to prevent the cover plate 12 from being short-circuited with external circuits.
  • the top patch also functions to protect the cover 12 and prevent the cover 12 from being scratched.
  • the battery 1 is divided into a laminated battery and a wound battery.
  • the laminated battery is formed by cutting the positive pole piece, the negative pole piece, and the separator into a predetermined size, and then stacking the positive pole piece, the separator, and the negative pole piece.
  • the wound battery is formed by winding the positive pole piece, the negative pole piece, and the separator.
  • the insertion part 21 is extended into the inside of the housing 13, and the position of the insertion part 21 is very close to the position of the electrode assembly inside the battery 1, and it may even contact the electrode assembly. Therefore, the insertion part 21 can be accurate.
  • the temperature inside the battery 1 is reflected.
  • the temperature collection process is as follows: the internal temperature of the battery 1 is transferred to the insertion part 21, and the insertion part 21 transfers the temperature to the temperature collection part 31 to realize temperature collection.
  • a metal or non-metal material with good thermal conductivity is selected, for example, aluminum alloy.
  • the battery module includes a plurality of batteries 1 arranged in rows, and the top of one end where the electrode terminals 14 of all the batteries 1 are located is equipped with a wiring harness board 4 hereinafter. Then, electrical connectors are assembled on the wire harness board 4 to realize electrical connection of the multiple batteries 1 and electrical connection of the battery modules and other electrical components on the vehicle.
  • the blocking member 2 is used to block the temperature-collecting hole 121 to realize the sealing of the internal cavity of the casing 13 of the battery 1 from the outside.
  • the temperature collection hole 121 can also be used as a liquid injection hole to inject electrolyte into the housing 13 through the temperature collection hole 121, so the temperature collection hole 121 and the internal cavity of the housing 13 are in communication.
  • the insertion portion 21 of the blocking member 2 extends into the cavity inside the casing 13, and the insertion portion 21 is made of a metal or non-metal material with good thermal conductivity to accurately reflect the temperature inside the battery 1.
  • the structure of the blocking member 2 is shown in FIG. 6.
  • the blocking member 2 includes an insertion portion 21, and the insertion portion 21 is substantially elongated.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the elongated strip is, for example, circular, rectangular, elliptical, or the like.
  • the outer wall of the insertion portion 21 and the inner wall of the temperature collection hole 121 may have a certain gap. The gap allows the insertion part 21 to be easily installed.
  • the length of the insertion part 21 extending into the inside of the housing 13 does not need to be too long, and the insertion part 21 does not contact the electrode assembly inside the housing 13. Of course, if necessary, the insertion portion 21 may also contact the electrode assembly.
  • the insertion depth of the insertion part 21 is suitable to enable the temperature collection part 31 of the temperature collection assembly 3 to be located inside the housing 13, as shown in FIG. 16.
  • the insertion depth enables the temperature collecting assembly 3 to accurately collect the temperature inside the housing 13; on the other hand, it also prevents the insertion portion 31 from affecting the normal operation of the electrode assembly inside the housing 13 and ensures the working performance of the battery 1.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the installation position of the temperature collection assembly 3, that is, the position where the temperature collection hole 121 is located.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing that the blocking member 2 is not installed in the temperature collecting hole 121, and the blocking member 2 is used to install the temperature collecting part 31 of the temperature collecting assembly 3.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the structure after the plugging member 2 is installed in the temperature collecting hole 121.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery module after a plurality of batteries 1 are installed. Each battery 1 can be installed with a blocking member 2 or only some of the batteries 1 can be installed with a blocking member 2.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of an optional structure of the temperature collection assembly 3.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the blocking member 2 introduced above.
  • FIG. 7 uses a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the battery module after the temperature collection assembly 3 is installed in the blocking member 2.
  • the insertion part 21 of the blocking member 2 has an accommodation cavity 211, and the accommodation cavity 211 is used for placing the temperature collection part 31 of the temperature collection assembly 3. Since most or all of the accommodating cavity 211 is located inside the housing 13, the location of the temperature collection part 31 is also basically located inside the housing 13, except that the temperature collection part 31 is isolated by the wall of the accommodating cavity 211 and is not connected to the housing. The inner electrode assembly of 13 touches.
  • the temperature collecting part 31 includes a thermistor.
  • the temperature collecting part 31 may be a patch type NTC (Negative Temperature Coefficient, negative temperature coefficient) temperature sensor, or a water droplet type NTC temperature sensor. If a patch type NTC temperature sensor is used, the size of the accommodating cavity 211 needs to be large enough to meet the installation of the patch type NTC temperature sensor. If the water drop head type NTC temperature sensor is used, the water drop head size of the water drop head type NTC temperature sensor is relatively small, and the size of the accommodating cavity 211 is also slightly smaller. In the drawings of the various embodiments of the present application, the use of a drip-tip NTC temperature sensor is taken as an example.
  • the temperature collection assembly 3 further includes a wire 32, which is electrically connected to the temperature collection part 31.
  • One end of the wire 32 is located in the accommodating cavity 211, and the other end of the wire 32 is located in the containing cavity. Set outside the cavity 211.
  • the other end of the wire 32 is used for electrical connection with the connector plug 33 shown below, so as to transfer the temperature collected by the temperature collecting part 31 to the connector plug 33 and then to the circuit board 5.
  • the length of the wire 32 is related to the installation position of the temperature collecting part 31 and the position where the wire 32 is electrically connected to the circuit board 5.
  • the wire 32 is electrically connected to the circuit board 5, for example, in the following manner: the end of the wire 32 away from the temperature collecting part 31 is electrically connected to the connector plug 33, and the main body of the circuit board 5 is welded with the connector socket 51 .
  • the connector plug 33 is plugged into the connector socket 51 to realize the electrical connection between the wire 32 and the circuit board 5.
  • Both the connector plug 33 and the connector socket 51 can adopt existing products, and the schematic diagrams of the connection of the connector plug 33 and the connector socket 51 are shown in FIGS. 11 to 14.
  • the electrical connection between the temperature collecting part 31 and the circuit board 5 is simply realized, and the electrical connection is reliable, the installation is simple and efficient, and the replacement is convenient.
  • the accommodating cavity 211 of the insertion portion 21 is open.
  • the temperature collection part 31 of the temperature collection assembly 3 is placed inside the accommodating cavity 211.
  • the thermally conductive sealant realizes the positioning of the temperature collecting part 31 in the accommodating cavity 211.
  • Gluing can increase the reliability of the fixed connection between the temperature collecting part 31 and the inner wall of the accommodating cavity 211, and realize the waterproof performance of the temperature collecting part 31, preventing water droplets from damaging the temperature collecting part 31.
  • the inner wall of the accommodating cavity 211 restricts the flow area of the glue to prevent the occurrence of glue overflow.
  • the accommodating cavity 211 plays a role in installation and protection of the temperature collection part 31, prevents damage to the temperature collection part 31 caused by external forces, and guarantees the temperature collection function of the temperature collection part 31.
  • the thermally conductive sealant realizes the transfer of temperature from the wall of the insertion portion 21 to the temperature collecting portion 31, and on the other hand, the thermally conductive sealant also realizes the fixation of the position of the temperature collecting portion 31 in the accommodating cavity 211, preventing the temperature collecting portion 31 from being damaged Displacement or even separation from the accommodating cavity 211 under external forces, collisions, etc., reduces or even avoids the phenomenon that the temperature collection part 31 cannot collect temperature and cannot accurately collect temperature, which makes the temperature collection part 31 expand, deform and impact during the charging and discharging process. It can also work normally under vibration.
  • the temperature collecting part 31 is electrically connected to one end of the wire 32, the other end of the wire 32 extends to the outside of the accommodating cavity 211, and the other end of the wire 32 is plugged into the connector socket 51 of the circuit board 5 described above to realize the electrical connection. connection.
  • the outer wall of the accommodating cavity 211 is in contact with or adjacent to the electrode assembly. Since the outer wall of the accommodating cavity 211 is very close to or even in contact with the electrode assembly, the outer wall of the accommodating cavity 211, that is, the wall of the insertion portion 31, can sense the temperature of the electrode assembly, and is basically consistent with the temperature of the electrode assembly.
  • the temperature inside the housing 13 is transferred to the wall of the accommodating cavity 211, and then transferred to the temperature collecting part 31 located inside the accommodating cavity 211 through the wall of the accommodating cavity 211, and the temperature collecting part 31 then collects the temperature
  • the signal is transmitted to the wire 32 of the temperature collecting assembly 3 and finally transmitted to the external circuit board 5 via the wire 32 to realize the collection of the internal temperature of the battery 1.
  • the blocking member 2 is made of a metal thermally conductive material
  • the material of the wall of the accommodating cavity 211 is also thermally conductive, so the temperature inside the housing 13 can be transferred to the temperature collecting part 31 to realize temperature collection.
  • FIG. 15 shows a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the battery module after the temperature collection assembly 3 is installed in place
  • Figure 16 clearly shows a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of the battery 1 where the temperature collection assembly 3 is located
  • Figure 17 clearly shows the removal of the blocking member 2 Later, a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the battery 1 where the temperature collection assembly 3 is located.
  • the blocking member 2 is fixedly connected with the cover plate 12, for example, the blocking member 2 and the cover plate 12 are welded and fixed. After the battery 1 is assembled, the position of the blocking member 2 is also determined, and the blocking member 2 and the cover plate 12 of the battery 1 are fixedly connected. The connection is stable and reliable. During the working process of the battery module, even if the working conditions are relatively bad , The blocking member 2 can also be firmly installed on the cover plate 12, and it is not easy to fall off and misplace. On the other hand, the blocking member 2 is used as the installation structure of the temperature collecting part 31 of the temperature collecting assembly 3. The position of the blocking member 2 is fixed, so the installation position of the temperature collecting part 31 is also fixed.
  • the blocking member 2 further includes a sealing portion 22, the sealing portion 22 is provided at the end of the insertion portion 21 close to the cover plate 12; the sealing portion 22 is clamped on the outer periphery of the temperature collection hole 121 Area; and the sealing portion 22 and the cover plate 12 are welded and fixed.
  • the outer peripheral area of the temperature sampling hole 121 refers to the opening edge area of the temperature sampling hole 121, and this area is used to realize the connection and cooperation between the sealing portion 22 and the temperature sampling hole 121, so as to realize the sealing of the plug 2 and the temperature sampling hole 121.
  • the sealing portion 22 is used as a connecting part of the blocking member 2 and the cover plate 12.
  • the sealing portion 22 has a surface that is attached to the cover plate 12, and the surface The shape matches the shape of the corresponding position of the cover plate 12.
  • the sealing portion 22 and the cover plate 12 form a surface fit, so that the sealing portion 22 and the cover plate 12 have a larger contact area.
  • the sealing portion 22 is made of a material that can conduct heat.
  • the temperature collected by the temperature collection assembly 3 comes from two paths, one is the above, the temperature is transmitted to the temperature collection part 31 through the wall of the accommodating cavity 211; the other is the temperature transmitted to the sealing part through the cover 12 of the battery 1
  • the part 22 is then transferred to the insertion part 21, and then transferred to the temperature collection part 31.
  • the above technical solution has two heat transfer paths, and the temperature collected by the temperature collection assembly 3 can more accurately reflect the internal temperature of the battery 1, and the number of components is small, the size is small, the transmission path is short, and the response speed is fast.
  • the cover plate 12 is provided with a sink groove 122, and the sealing portion 22 is installed in the sink groove 122.
  • the surface of the sealing portion 22 away from the sink groove 122 is flush with the surface of the cover 12 away from the electrode assembly, or the surface of the sealing portion 22 away from the sink 122 is lower than the surface of the cover 12 away from the electrode assembly, so as to prevent the sealing portion 22 from affecting the cover 12 Installation of other components above.
  • the counterbore 122 is set so that after the plugging member 2 is installed in place, the upper surface of the plugging member 2 will not protrude from the top surface of the cover plate 12 after the plugging member 2 is installed in the temperature-collecting hole 121, thus avoiding The blocking member 2 affects the installation of other components such as the harness plate 4.
  • the sealing portion 22 is annular and is integral with the insertion portion 21.
  • the sealing portion 22 adopts the above-mentioned annular structure, the entire sealing portion 22 is in contact with the bottom surface of the sink groove 122, and the entire sealing portion 22 can receive the temperature from the bottom surface of the sink groove 122.
  • the temperature collection area of the sealing portion 22 is large, and the sealing portion 22 The collected temperature will also be transferred to the temperature collecting part 31 through the thermally conductive sealant, so that the temperature collecting part 31 is more accurate, and the temperature inside the casing 13 of the battery 1 can be more accurately and timely reflected.
  • the battery module further includes a wire harness plate 4, which is mounted on the side of the cover plate 12 away from the electrode assembly, that is, the wire harness plate 4 is mounted on the side of the cover plate 12 top.
  • the wire harness board 4 is provided with a buckle 41, and the buckle 41 clamps the wire 32 between the temperature collecting part 31 and the connector plug 33.
  • the buckle 41 makes the position of the middle section of the wire 32 relatively fixed. On the one hand, it prevents the wire 32 from swaying randomly and causing the temperature collecting part 31 and the connector plug 33 to fall off; on the other hand, it also prevents the wire 32 from tilting up to interfere or affect the installation of other components.
  • the buckle 41 makes the installation of the temperature collection component 3 more stable, the stability and long-term reliability of the temperature collection component 3 can be improved, and the temperature collection component 3 and plugging parts can be added under various shock or vibration conditions. 2 Reliability of connection.
  • the wire 32 extends from below the wire harness board 4 to the position where the circuit board 5 above the wire harness board 4 is located, which not only shortens the length of the wire 32, but also makes the installation of the wire 32 more convenient and the battery module The structure is more compact.
  • the wire harness board 4 may be provided with an escape hole to allow the wire 32 to pass through.
  • the battery module further includes a circuit board 5.
  • the circuit board 5 is, for example, a flexible printed circuit board (Flexible Printed Circuit Board, FPC for short), or a printed circuit board (Printed Circuit Board, PCB for short).
  • PCB board has higher rigidity and higher hardness; FPC board has higher flexibility and lower hardness.
  • the circuit board 5 is, for example, a long strip, and the circuit board 5 is located in the middle area of the wiring harness board 4.
  • the circuit board 5 includes a connector socket 51.
  • the temperature collection assembly 3 includes a connector plug 33.
  • the connector plug 33 is electrically connected to the end of the wire 32 away from the temperature collecting part 31.
  • the connector socket 51 is electrically connected to the circuit board 5.
  • the connector socket 51 and the connector plug 33 are electrically connected.
  • the circuit board 5 collects the temperature collected by the above-mentioned temperature collecting part 31 through the connector socket 51 and the connector plug 33.
  • the number of batteries 1 is two or more, and they are arranged in a row; the temperature collection assembly 3 is connected to at least one of the batteries 1 electrically connected in a row.
  • the temperature collecting part 31 is installed in the accommodating cavity 211. Then, heat-conducting sealant is applied to the inner wall of the accommodating cavity 211, so that the temperature collecting part 31 is firmly installed inside the accommodating cavity 211.
  • the circuit board 5 is mounted on the wiring harness board 4, and the connector plug 33 connected to the temperature collection part 31 is inserted into the connector socket 51 on the circuit board 5, so that the temperature collection part 31 is electrically connected to the circuit board 5. , Thereby enabling the temperature signal inside the battery 1 collected by the temperature collecting part 31 to be transmitted to the circuit board 5.
  • the temperature inside the casing 13 is transmitted to the temperature collecting part 31 of the temperature collecting assembly 3 through a short transmission path, the temperature transmission response is fast, the temperature loss is small, and the measurement is accurate.
  • the insertion portion 21 of the blocking member 2 extends into the inside of the casing 13, and the insertion portion 21 can accurately sense the temperature inside the casing 13 of the battery 1, and the wall temperature of the insertion portion 21 is basically the same as the temperature inside the battery 1.
  • the temperature collected by the temperature collecting part 31 basically accurately reflects the temperature inside the battery 1.
  • the above-mentioned temperature transmission path is short, and the internal temperature change of the battery 1 can also be timely reflected to the temperature change of the insertion part 21, so that the temperature collected by the temperature collection part 31 also changes in time, which provides for the subsequent processing of the circuit board 5.
  • Accurate temperature data makes the control more precise, effectively reducing or even preventing the battery module from limiting the discharge power in advance.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a vehicle including the battery module described above.

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Abstract

本申请公开了一种电池模组和应用所述电池模组的车辆，涉及电池领域，用以优化电池模组的结构。该电池模组包括电池、封堵件以及采温组件。电池包括壳体以及与壳体连接的盖板，盖板设有采温孔。封堵件包括插入部，插入部安装于采温孔；插入部设有伸入到壳体内部的容置腔。采温组件包括采温部，采温部安装于容置腔内部。本申请的技术方案，其采温组件从壳体的内部采温，采温更加准确，且热传导路径短，采温响应速度快。

Description

电池模组和车辆
本申请要求享有2019年08月29日提交的名称为“电池模组”的中国专利申请CN201910805814.5的优先权，其全部内容通过引用并入本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及电池领域，具体涉及一种电池模组和车辆。
背景技术
电池模组正常工作温度在-30℃～55℃之间，如果超过该极限温度，电池模组会限功率以实现电池模组安全防护。
电池模组已有的采温方法如下：通过电路板上设置的热敏电阻采集连接片上的温度用连接片的温度作为电池内部的温度。实际情况中，连接片上温度较高，而电池内部的温度较低，如果两者差值较大，电池模组就会提前限功率，影响了电池模组效能的发挥。
目前行业内各整车厂都在朝轿跑车型方向开发，且传统改装电动车也要体现电动车加速快的优势和特点，所以急加速工况需求将会越来越普遍，即功率要求也会越来越高。
发明人发现，现有技术中至少存在下述问题：由于电池模组内空间尺寸限制，且考虑到制造及成本影响，连接片的宽度和厚度不能做到很大，在较低工况下，如1C放电，连接片温度与电池内部的温度接近，但如果采用更高的放电倍率，连接片的温度远超电池内部的温度。在高功率的工况下，因连接片过流面积限制，连接片的温度会急剧上升，而电池内部的温度上升则较慢，温度差值巨大，导致电池模组提前进行限功率，从而影响了模组的放电功率。故如何探测电池内部的温度是目前迫在眉睫需要解决的技术难题。
发明内容
本申请提出一种电池模组，用以优化电池模组的结构。
本申请实施例提供了一种电池模组，包括：
电池，包括壳体以及与所述壳体连接的盖板，所述盖板设有采温孔；
封堵件，包括插入部，所述插入部安装于所述采温孔；所述插入部设有伸入到所述壳体内部的容置腔；以及
采温组件，包括采温部，所述采温部安装于所述容置腔内部。
在一些实施例中，所述采温组件还包括：
导线，与所述采温部电连接；所述导线的一端位于所述容置腔内部，所述导线的另一端位于所述容置腔外部。
在一些实施例中，所述插入部的外壁与所述壳体内部的电极组件接触；或者，所述插入部的外壁与所述壳体内部的电极组件邻近。
在一些实施例中，所述采温部和所述容置腔的内壁之间设有导热密封胶。
在一些实施例中，所述封堵件还包括：
密封部，设于所述插入部靠近所述盖板的端部；所述密封部卡设于所述采温孔外周区域。
在一些实施例中，所述盖板设有与所述采温孔连通的沉槽，所述密封部安装于所述沉槽中。
在一些实施例中，所述密封部是环形的，且与所述插入部是一体的。
在一些实施例中，电池模组还包括：
线束板，安装于所述盖板的顶部；所述线束板设有卡扣，所述卡扣卡接于所述导线。
在一些实施例中，电池模组还包括电路板，所述电路板设置于所述盖板的顶部，所述电路板包括连接器插座；
所述采温组件还包括电连接于所述导线的另一端的连接器插头；所述连接器插头与所述连接器插座电连接。
在一些实施例中，所述电池的数量为两个或者以上，且成排布置；所述采温部安装于至少其中一个所述电池。
另一方面，本申请实施例还提供一种包括如上所述电池模组的车辆。
上述技术方案提供的电池模组，将采温组件的采温部安装于封堵件的容置腔中，封堵件的容置腔基本位于电池的壳体内部。封堵件的温度与电池内部的温度比较一致，封堵件能够及时反映电池内部温度的变化和高低。如果电池内部温度升高，则封堵件温度及时升高；如果电池内部温度降低，则封堵件温度及时降低。封堵件的温度随着电池内部的温度 变化而及时变化。
上述技术方案提供的电池模组，其温度传递路径为：电池内部温度传递至封堵件的壁体，封堵件的温度直接传递至采温组件的采温部。采温组件将采集到的温度传递至电路板等元器件，以便进行后续分析、处理判断。由上述的温度传递路径可以看出，上述技术方案提供的电池模组，在采集电池内部温度时，能够及时反映电池内部的温度变化，温度传递路径短，温度响应速度快，这也使得基于采集到的温度进行后续处理时，控制更加精准，所以能有效降低、甚至避免电池模组提前限功率情况的发生，使得电池模组的效能得以有效发挥，有效优化了电池模组的结构和性能，也使得采用该电池模组的车辆设备的性能得以优化，车辆设备的可靠性得以增加。
附图说明
此处所说明的附图用来提供对本申请的进一步理解，构成本申请的一部分，本申请的示意性实施例及其说明用于解释本申请，并不构成对本申请的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为本申请实施例提供的电池模组的电池未安装封堵件的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的电池模组的封堵件处于未安装状态的结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的电池模组的电池安装有封堵件的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的电池模组的电池成组布置的结构示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的电池模组的采温组件的结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的电池模组的封堵件的结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的电池模组的采温组件处于安装状态的结构示意图；
图8为图7的A局部放大示意图；
图9为本申请实施例提供的电池模组安装有线束板的结构示意图；
图10为图9的俯视示意图；
图11为图10的B局部放大示意图；
图12为本申请实施例提供的电池模组的电路板结构示意图；
图13为本申请实施例提供的电池模组安装有电路板的结构示意图；
图14为图13的C局部放大示意图；
图15为图13的俯视示意图；
图16为图15的D-D剖视示意图；
图17为图16去除了封堵件的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合图1～图17对本申请提供的技术方案进行更为详细的阐述。
参见图1至图5，本申请实施例提供一种电池模组，包括电池1、封堵件2以及采温组件3。电池1包括壳体13以及与壳体13连接的盖板12，盖板12设有采温孔121。采温孔121比如为通孔，一方面实现温度采集，另外也可以用于向电池1内部注入电解液。封堵件2包括插入部21，插入部21安装于采温孔121，且用于封堵采温孔121；插入部21设有伸入到壳体13内部的容置腔211。采温组件3包括采温部31，采温部31安装于容置腔211内部。
下面详细介绍各部件的可选结构以及相互之间的连接关系。
参见图2，电池1的可选结构如下：电池1包括壳体13、设置于壳体13内部的电极组件(图未示出)，设置于电极组件顶部的盖板12、设置于盖板12的电极端子14以及设置于盖板12顶部的顶贴片(图未示出)。在一种实施方式中，顶贴片粘贴于盖板12的顶部。盖板12开设有防爆孔，防爆孔内安装有防爆阀15。顶贴片设置有与采温孔121连通的通孔。盖板12还开设有两个电极端子通孔，每个电极端子通孔内安装有一个电极端子14。电极端子14包括正电极端子141和负电极端子142。
壳体13的一端封闭，一端敞口。盖板12设置于壳体13的敞口处。电极组件经由敞口安装到壳体13内部。电极组件的最大侧面与壳体13的最大侧面相互面对，壳体13的最大侧面作为电池1的最大侧面。
顶贴片的材质比如为绝缘材质。顶贴片为片状的，其尺寸与盖板12的顶面尺寸匹配。比如顶贴片的结构和尺寸刚好完全覆盖盖板12的顶面；或者，顶贴片的尺寸稍大于盖板12的顶面尺寸，以使得顶贴片具有足够的尺寸形成弯折边，以包覆住盖板12。
顶贴片一方面起到绝缘的作用，防止盖板12与外部线路出现短接现象。另一方面，顶贴片也起到保护盖板12的作用，防止盖板12被刮损。
根据电极组件制造方式的不同，电池1分为叠片式电池、卷绕式电池。其中，叠片式电池是将正极极片、负极极片、隔膜裁成规定尺寸的大小，然后将正极极片、隔膜、负极极片层叠而成。卷绕式电池是将正极极片、负极极片、隔膜卷绕成形。
上述技术方案，将插入部21伸入到壳体13的内部，插入部21所在的位置与电池1内部的电极组件所在的位置非常近，甚至有可能接触电极组件，所以，插入部21能够准确反映电池1的内部的温度。采温过程如下：电池1内部温度传递至插入部21，插入部21将温度传递至采温部31，以实现采温。插入部21比如选择导热性能良好的金属或者非金属材质，具体比如铝合金等。
参见图4，电池模组包括多个成排设置的电池1，所有电池1的电极端子14所在一端的顶部装配有后文的线束板4。而后在线束板4上装配电连接件，以实现多个电池1的电连接以及电池模组与车上其他用电部件的电连接。
参见图2至图6，下面介绍封堵件2的具体实现方式。
封堵件2用于封堵采温孔121，以实现电池1的壳体13的内部空腔与外界的密封。承上述，该采温孔121同样可以用作注液孔，以经由该采温孔121向壳体13的内部注入电解液，故采温孔121与壳体13内部空腔是连通的。封堵件2的插入部21伸入到壳体13内部空腔中，插入部21采用导热良好的金属或者非金属材质，以准确体现电池1内部的温度。
封堵件2的结构参见图6所示。封堵件2包括插入部21，插入部21大致为长条状的。长条状的横截面形状比如为圆形的、矩形的、椭圆形的等形状。如图16和图17所示，插入部21的外壁与采温孔121的内壁可以具有一定的间隙。该间隙使得插入部21能够很方便地安装。插入部21伸入到壳体13内部的长度不需要太长，插入部21不接触到壳体13内部的电极组件。当然，如果需要，插入部21亦可以接触电极组件。在一些实施例中，插入部21的插入深度以使得采温组件3的采温部31能够位于壳体13内部为宜，如图16所示。该插入深度一方面使得采温组件3能够准确采集壳体13内部的温度，另一方面也使得插入部31不会影响壳体13内部的电极组件的正常工作，保证了电池1的工作性能。
参见图1至图16，下面介绍采温组件3的结构和安装。
图1示意了采温组件3的安装位置，即采温孔121所在的位置。图2是封堵件2未安装到采温孔121中的示意，该封堵件2用于安装采温组件3的采温部31。图3则示意了封堵件2安装到采温孔121中之后的结构示意图。图4示意了多个电池1都安装好之后、共同组成电池模组的结构示意图，每个电池1都可以安装封堵件2，也可以只给其中的某一些电池1安装封堵件2。图5示意了采温组件3的可选结构示意图。后文将详细介绍采温组件3的各部分结构以及安装位置关系。图6是上文所介绍的封堵件2的立体结构示意图。图7使用了采温组件3安装到封堵件2中之后的电池模组立体结构示意图。
如图6和图16所示，封堵件2的插入部21具有容置腔211，容置腔211用于放置采温组件3的采温部31。由于容置腔211大部分或者全部位于壳体13内部，采温部31的位置也基本位于壳体13的内部，只是采温部31被容置腔211的壁体隔离，并不与壳体13的内部的电极组件接触。
参见图5，采温部31包括热敏电阻。采温部31可以是贴片式NTC(Negative Temperature Coefficient，负温度系数)温度传感器，或水滴头式NTC温度传感器。如果采用贴片式NTC温度传感器，容置腔211的尺寸需要足够大，以满足贴片式NTC温度传感器的安装。如果采用水滴头式NTC温度传感器，水滴头式NTC温度传感器的水滴头尺寸比较小，容置腔211的尺寸也稍微小一些。在本申请各实施例附图中，以采用水滴头式NTC温度传感器为例。
参见图5至图11、图16和图17，采温组件3还包括导线32，导线32与采温部31电连接，导线32的一端位于容置腔211内部，导线32的另一端位于容置腔211外部。导线32的另一端用于与后文所示的连接器插头33电连接，以将采温部31采集到的温度传递至连接器插头33，后续再传递至电路板5。导线32的长短与采温部31的设置位置、以及导线32与电路板5电连接的位置相关。在一种实施方式中，导线32与电路板5比如采用下述方式电连接：导线32远离采温部31的端部电连接有连接器插头33，电路板5的主体焊接有连接器插座51。连接器插头33和连接器插座51插接，以实现导线32与电路板5电连接。
连接器插头33和连接器插座51都可以采用已有产品，连接器插头33和连接器插座51的连接示意图请参见图11至图14。采用上述连接方式，简便地实现了采温部31与电路板5的电连接，且电连接可靠、安装简便高效、更换方便。
如图6和图16所示，插入部21的容置腔211是敞口的。采温组件3的采温部31放置于容置腔211内部。采温部31与容置腔211的内壁之间具有缝隙。该缝隙内可以注入导热密封胶。
导热密封胶实现了采温部31在容置腔211内的定位。安装时，先将采温部31等部件安装到位，然后在容置腔211内点胶，以使得采温部31与容置腔211的内壁固定。胶粘可以增加采温部31与容置腔211的内壁固定连接的可靠性，并且实现了采温部31的防水性能，防止水滴损坏采温部31。另外，由于采温部31位于容置腔211内部，容置腔211的内壁限制了胶的流动区域，防止溢胶现象发生。并且，容置腔211对采温部31起到安装和防护作用，防止外力导致采温部31损坏，保障了采温部31的温度采集功能。
导热密封胶一方面实现温度从插入部21的壁体到采温部31的传递，导热密封胶另一方面也实现采温部31在容置腔211内位置的固定，防止采温部31因受到外力、碰撞等情况出现移位甚至脱离容置腔211，降低甚至避免采温部31无法采温、无法准确采温的现象发生，使得采温部31在充放电过程中的膨胀变形及冲击振动时也能够正常工作。
采温部31与导线32的一端电连接，导线32的另一端伸出到容置腔211外侧，并且导线32的另一端与上文介绍的电路板5的连接器插座51插接以实现电连接。
参见图6和图16，在一些实施例中，容置腔211的外壁与电极组件接触或者邻近。由于容置腔211的外壁距离电极组件非常近甚至接触，容置腔211的外壁，也即插入部31的壁体能够感知电极组件的温度，并且与电极组件的温度基本保持一致。壳体13内部的温度会传递至容置腔211的壁体，而后经由容置腔211的壁体传递至位于容置腔211内部的采温部31，采温部31再将采集到的温度信号传递至采温组件3的导线32，最后经由导线32传递至外部的电路板5，以实现电池1内部温度的采集。
在一些实施例中，封堵件2比如采用金属导热材质，那么容置腔211的壁体的材质也是导热的，故壳体13内部的温度能够传递至采温部31，以实现温度采集。
参见图6、图15至图17，下面介绍封堵件2如何安装于电池1的盖板12。图15示意了采温组件3安装到位后电池模组的立体结构示意图，图16清楚示意了采温组件3所在位置的电池1的局部剖视示意图，图17则清楚示意了去除封堵件2之后采温组件3所在位置的电池1的局部剖视示意图。
封堵件2与盖板12固定连接，比如封堵件2与盖板12焊接固定。电池1组装完成后，封堵件2的位置也确定了，并且封堵件2与电池1的盖板12采用固定连接，该连接稳固可靠，在电池模组工作过程中，即便工况较为恶劣，封堵件2也能够稳固安装于盖板12，不易脱落和错位。另一方面，封堵件2作为采温组件3的采温部31的安装结构，封堵件2的位置固定，那么采温部31的安装位置也就是固定的。
参见图16和图17，在一些实施例中，封堵件2还包括密封部22，密封部22设于插入部21靠近盖板12的端部；密封部22卡设于采温孔121外周区域；并且密封部22与盖板12焊接固定。采温孔121的外周区域是指采温孔121的开口边缘区域，该区域用于实现密封部22与采温孔121的连接和配合，以实现封堵件2与采温孔121的密封。密封部22作为封堵件2与盖板12的连接部件，为了保证较好的连接效果和密封效果，在一种实施方式中，密封部22具有与盖板12贴合的表面，该表面的形状与盖板12对应位置的形状匹配，比如，密封部22与盖板12形成面面配合，以使得密封部22与盖板12具有较大 的接触面积。
密封部22采用能够导热的材质。采温组件3采集到的温度来自于两条路径，一条为上文的，经由容置腔211的壁体传递至采温部31的温度；另一路为经由电池1的盖板12传递至密封部22，而后再传递至插入部21，然后传递至采温部31。上述技术方案，具有两种传热路径，采温组件3采集到的温度能够更加准确地反应电池1内部温度，并且部件数量少、尺寸小，传递路径短，响应速度快。
继续参见图16和图17，在一些实施例中，盖板12设有沉槽122，密封部22安装于沉槽122中。密封部22远离沉槽122的表面与盖板12远离电极组件的表面平齐，或者密封部22远离沉槽122的表面低于盖板12远离电极组件的表面，以免密封部22影响盖板12上方其他部件的安装。
设置沉槽122使得封堵件2安装到位后，封堵件2安装到采温孔121之后，封堵件2的上表面不会突出于盖板12的顶面，这样就避免了因为安装有封堵件2而影响线束板4等其他部件的安装。
参见图6，在一些实施例中，密封部22是环形的，且与插入部21是一体的。密封部22采用上述的环形结构，整个密封部22都与沉槽122的底面接触，整个密封部22都可以接收来自于沉槽122底面的温度，密封部22的采温区域大，密封部22采集到的温度后续也会通过导热密封胶传递至采温部31，使得采温部31的采温更加准确，更加能够准确、及时地反应电池1的壳体13内部的温度。
参见图9至图11、图16，在一些实施例中，电池模组还包括线束板4，线束板4安装于盖板12远离电极组件的一侧，即线束板4安装于盖板12的顶部。线束板4设有卡扣41，卡扣41卡住采温部31和连接器插头33之间的导线32。卡扣41使得导线32的中段位置比较固定，一方面防止导线32随意晃动造成采温部31、连接器插头33脱落；另一方面也避免导线32往上翘起从而干扰或者影响其他部件的安装；再一方面，卡扣41使得采温组件3的安装更加稳固，采温组件3的稳定性和长期可靠性得以提升，各类冲击或振动工况下可增加采温组件3与封堵件2连接的可靠性。需要说明的是，导线32从线束板4的下方伸入到线束板4上方的电路板5所在的位置，不仅可以缩短导线32的长度，还可以使得导线32的安装更加方便、电池模组的结构更加紧凑。线束板4可以设置避让孔以允许导线32穿过。
参见图9和图10，在一些实施例中，电池模组还包括电路板5。电路板5比如采用柔性电路板(Flexible Printed Circuit Board，简称FPC)，或者采用印刷电路板(Printed Circuit  Board，简称PCB)。PCB板刚度较高，硬度较大；FPC板挠性较高，硬度较小。电路板5比如为长条状，电路板5位于线束板4的中间区域。
在一些实施例中，电路板5包括连接器插座51。采温组件3包括连接器插头33。连接器插头33与导线32远离采温部31的一端电连接。连接器插座51电连接于电路板5。并且，连接器插座51与连接器插头33电连接。
电路板5通过连接器插座51和连接器插头33采集上述的采温部31采集到的温度。
参见图7，电池1的数量为两个或者以上，且成排布置；采温组件3与一排电连接的电池1中的至少一个连接。
参见图13至图15，下面介绍上文所述的采温组件3的安装过程。
在电池模组装配至半成品后，将采温部31安装于容置腔211。然后再在容置腔211的内壁点导热密封胶，使得采温部31稳固安装在容置腔211的内部。
然后安装线束板4，将线束板4安装在电池1的盖板12顶部。线束板4在安装时，要注意采温组件3的导线32的位置，导线32的另一端，即导线32与连接器插头33连接的一端，需要位于线束板4的外侧，以使得连接器插头33后续能够方便地与连接器插座51电连接。
最后再将电路板5安装到线束板4上、将与采温部31连接的连接器插头33与电路板5上的连接器插座51插接，以使得采温部31与电路板5电连接，进而使得采温部31采集的电池1内部的温度信号能够传递到电路板5上。
上述技术方案提供的电池模组，壳体13内部的温度经过较短的传递路径传递至采温组件3的采温部31，温度传递响应快，温度损失小，测量准确。并且，封堵件2的插入部21伸入到壳体13内部，插入部21能够准确感知电池1的壳体13内部的温度，插入部21的壁体温度与电池1内部的温度基本一致，采温部31采集到的温度基本准确反映了电池1内部的温度。另外，上述的温度传递路径短，电池1的内部温度变化也能够及时反应到插入部21的温度变化，进而使得采温部31采集到的温度也及时变化，为后续电路板5的处理提供了准确的温度数据，使得控制更加精准，有效降低甚至防止电池模组提前限制放电功率情况的发生。
另一方面，本申请实施例还提供一种包括如上所述电池模组的车辆。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指 示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗指所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、为特定的方位构造和操作，因而不能理解为对本申请保护内容的限制。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换，但这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种电池模组，其中，包括：
    电池(1)，包括壳体(13)以及与所述壳体(13)连接的盖板(12)，所述盖板(12)设有采温孔(121)；
    封堵件(2)，包括插入部(21)，所述插入部(21)安装于所述采温孔(121)；所述插入部(21)设有伸入到所述壳体(13)内部的容置腔(211)；以及
    采温组件(3)，包括采温部(31)，所述采温部(31)安装于所述容置腔(211)内部。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其中，所述采温组件(3)还包括：
    导线(32)，与所述采温部(31)电连接；所述导线(32)的一端位于所述容置腔(211)内部，所述导线(32)的另一端位于所述容置腔(211)外部。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其中，所述插入部(21)的外壁与所述壳体(13)内部的电极组件接触；或者，所述插入部(21)的外壁与所述壳体(13)内部的电极组件邻近。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其中，所述采温部(31)和所述容置腔(211)的内壁之间设有导热密封胶。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其中，所述封堵件(2)还包括：
    密封部(22)，设于所述插入部(21)靠近所述盖板(12)的端部；所述密封部(22)卡设于所述采温孔(121)外周区域。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池模组，其中，所述盖板(12)设有与所述采温孔(121)连通的沉槽(122)，所述密封部(22)安装于所述沉槽(122)中。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的电池模组，其中，所述密封部(22)是环形的，且与所述插入部(21)是一体的。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的电池模组，其中，还包括：
    线束板(4)，安装于所述盖板(12)的顶部；所述线束板(4)设有卡扣(41)，所述卡扣(41)卡接于所述导线(32)。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的电池模组，其中，还包括电路板(5)，所述电路板(5)设置于所述盖板(12)的顶部，所述电路板(5)包括连接器插座(51)；
    所述采温组件(3)还包括电连接于所述导线(32)的另一端的连接器插头(33)；所述连接器插头(33)与所述连接器插座(51)电连接。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的电池模组，其中，所述电池(1)的数量为两个或者以上，且成排布置；所述采温部(31)安装于至少其中一个所述电池(1)。
  11. 一种车辆，其中，包括如权利要求1至10中任一项所述的电池模组。
PCT/CN2020/100959 2019-08-29 2020-07-09 电池模组和车辆 WO2021036532A1 (zh)

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US11894525B2 (en) 2024-02-06
EP3813140B1 (en) 2022-10-19
CN112331944B (zh) 2023-04-18
CN112331944A (zh) 2021-02-05
EP3813140A4 (en) 2021-11-10
US20210151805A1 (en) 2021-05-20
EP3813140A1 (en) 2021-04-28

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