WO2021031304A1 - 一种定时同步方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种定时同步方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021031304A1
WO2021031304A1 PCT/CN2019/109634 CN2019109634W WO2021031304A1 WO 2021031304 A1 WO2021031304 A1 WO 2021031304A1 CN 2019109634 W CN2019109634 W CN 2019109634W WO 2021031304 A1 WO2021031304 A1 WO 2021031304A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
node
timing
nodes
information
downlink transmission
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/109634
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘凤威
袁世通
邱晶
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from PCT/CN2019/101213 external-priority patent/WO2021031037A1/zh
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to KR1020227008271A priority Critical patent/KR20220047603A/ko
Priority to CN202080057986.XA priority patent/CN114223274B/zh
Priority to BR112022002982A priority patent/BR112022002982A2/pt
Priority to EP20855584.7A priority patent/EP4017151A4/en
Priority to AU2020332948A priority patent/AU2020332948B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2020/084061 priority patent/WO2021031581A1/zh
Publication of WO2021031304A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021031304A1/zh
Priority to US17/672,516 priority patent/US20220174636A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/004—Synchronisation arrangements compensating for timing error of reception due to propagation delay
    • H04W56/0045—Synchronisation arrangements compensating for timing error of reception due to propagation delay compensating for timing error by altering transmission time
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00—Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/001—Synchronization between nodes
    • H04W56/0015—Synchronization between nodes one node acting as a reference for the others
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
    • H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
    • H04W84/042—Public Land Mobile systems, e.g. cellular systems
    • H04W84/047—Public Land Mobile systems, e.g. cellular systems using dedicated repeater stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a timing synchronization method and device.
  • the base station establishes a connection with the core network (CN) through optical fiber.
  • the deployment cost of optical fiber is very high.
  • the wireless relay node (RN) establishes a connection with the core network through a wireless backhaul link, which can save part of the fiber deployment cost.
  • In-band relay is a relay solution in which the backhaul link and the access link share the same frequency band. Since no additional spectrum resources are used, the in-band relay has the advantages of high spectrum efficiency and low deployment cost. In-band relay generally has a half-duplex constraint. Specifically, a relay node cannot send a downlink signal to its lower node when receiving a downlink signal sent by its upper node, and a relay node is receiving an uplink signal sent by its lower node. It cannot send an uplink signal to its superior node.
  • the 5th generation mobile networks (5th generation mobile networks or 5th generation wireless systems, 5G) new air interface (English full name: New Radio, English abbreviation: NR) in-band relay solution is called integrated access backhaul (integrated access) and backhaul, IAB), and the relay node is called an IAB node (IAB node) or a relay transmission reception point (rTRP).
  • 5G 5th generation mobile networks or 5th generation wireless systems, 5G new air interface
  • NR integrated access backhaul
  • IAB integrated access
  • rTRP relay transmission reception point
  • IAB In NR, IAB considers supporting multi-level relay, that is, one relay node can access the network through another relay node. Since the subcarrier spacing supported in the multi-level relay and NR may be larger (such as high frequency) compared to the long term evolution (LTE), the required timing accuracy is higher. In the relay system, it is very important to maintain synchronization between the relay nodes and between the relay node and the donor base station, and the synchronization accuracy will affect the performance of the entire system. For example, after the relay node accesses the network, it needs to determine the downlink transmission time. Due to cost constraints, some IAB nodes may not have precise clocks such as the global positioning system (GPS), and thus cannot accurately determine the downlink transmission time.
  • GPS global positioning system
  • This application provides a timing synchronization method and device, in order to improve the accuracy of the downlink transmission timing of the relay node.
  • a timing synchronization method is provided.
  • the execution subject of the method is a node, which can be recorded as the first node.
  • the first node can be an IAB node or a relay node or any relay device.
  • the method includes the following steps: a first node receives first indication information from a host node, the first indication information is used to indicate information of multiple second nodes, and the second node is an upper node of the first node;
  • the first node receives multiple timing information from the multiple second nodes; the first node determines the first downlink transmission timing of the first node according to the multiple timing information.
  • the second node indicated by the first indication information may be an upper-level node with better timing accuracy, and the first node may selectively receive the timing information of an upper-level node with better timing accuracy, thereby improving downlink transmission timing.
  • the first node can comprehensively use the timing information of multiple second nodes, and the determined downlink transmission timing has a higher accuracy, which can improve the accuracy of the downlink transmission timing. This method also saves the signaling interaction between the first node and the host node.
  • the first node receives second indication information from the host node, and the second indication information is used to indicate at least one of the following information: timing accuracy of the multiple second nodes, or ,
  • the weights of the multiple second nodes, or the weight intermediate values of the multiple second nodes, the weight intermediate values are used to determine the weight, or the grouping information of the multiple second nodes , Wherein the grouping has a corresponding relationship with the timing accuracy, or the grouping has a corresponding relationship with the intermediate value of the weight, or the grouping has a corresponding relationship with the weighting value.
  • the first node can use the timing information of multiple second nodes to determine the downlink transmission timing, and can refer to information such as the weight of each second node, so that the determined downlink transmission timing is more accurate.
  • the first node determines the weights of the multiple second nodes according to the timing accuracy of the multiple second nodes; or, the first node is The weight intermediate value of the node is normalized to obtain the weight value of the plurality of second nodes; or, the first node determines the second node in the group according to the grouping information of the plurality of second nodes The weight of the node.
  • the first node determines the first downlink transmission timing of the first node according to the multiple timing information, which is specifically implemented in the following manner: the first node according to the multiple timing information Timing information, and the weights of the plurality of second nodes, determine the first downlink transmission timing of the first node; wherein, the plurality of second nodes correspond to the plurality of timing information.
  • the determined downlink transmission timing is more accurate.
  • the first node determines multiple second downlink transmission timings of the first node according to the multiple timing information; the first node determines the multiple second downlink transmission timings Perform weighted average processing to obtain the first downlink transmission timing.
  • the determined downlink transmission timing can be more High precision.
  • the first node performs weighted average processing on the multiple second downlink transmission timings according to the weights of the multiple second nodes.
  • the timing information of the second node with a higher weight than a lower weight is more conducive to improving the accuracy of the downlink transmission timing of the first node.
  • the first node determines multiple second downlink transmission timings of the first node according to the multiple timing information; the first node determines the multiple second downlink transmission timings The minimum value and the maximum value in; the first node determines that the first downlink transmission timing is a value between the minimum value and the maximum value.
  • the first node may have a certain degree of freedom to adjust the downlink transmission timing, which may increase resource utilization in some cases.
  • the first node determines multiple second downlink transmission timings of the first node according to the multiple timing information; the first node sets the multiple second downlink transmission timings Any one of the second downlink sending timings is used as the first downlink sending timing of the first node.
  • the first node may have a certain degree of freedom to adjust the downlink transmission timing, which may increase resource utilization in some cases.
  • the first indication information is a set or list, and the set or list includes identities of the multiple second nodes.
  • the third indication information is used to indicate information of multiple upper-level nodes, and the first node updates the downlink Transmission timing; or, when the first node receives multiple updated timing information from the multiple second nodes, the first node updates the downlink transmission timing; or, when the downlink transmission timing is consistent with the actual When the sending timings are not equal, the first node updates the downlink sending timing. In this way, when a deviation occurs or the latest indication information is obtained, the downlink transmission timing can be updated in time, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the downlink transmission timing.
  • a timing synchronization method in a second aspect, is provided.
  • the execution subject of the method may be a host node, and multiple second nodes and first nodes can be accessed under the host node.
  • the method includes the following steps: a host node obtains information about multiple second nodes; the host node sends first indication information to the first node, and the first indication information is used to indicate information about multiple second nodes,
  • the second node is an upper node of the first node.
  • the second node indicated by the first indication information can be an upper-level node with better timing accuracy, so that the first node can selectively receive timing information of an upper-level node with better timing accuracy, thereby improving downlink transmission timing. Accuracy.
  • This method also saves the signaling interaction between the first node and the host node.
  • the host node sends second indication information to the first node, where the second indication information is used to indicate at least one of the following information: timing accuracy of the multiple second nodes, or ,
  • the weights of the multiple second nodes, or the weight intermediate values of the multiple second nodes, the weight intermediate values are used to determine the weight, or the grouping information of the multiple second nodes , Wherein the grouping has a corresponding relationship with the timing accuracy, or the grouping has a corresponding relationship with the intermediate value of the weight, or the grouping has a corresponding relationship with the weighting value.
  • the first node can use the timing information of multiple second nodes to determine the downlink transmission timing process, and can refer to the weights of each second node and other information to make the determined downlink transmission timing more accurate .
  • the host node may also receive multiple second downlink transmission timings from the first node, determine the first downlink transmission timing according to the weights of the multiple second nodes, and set the first transmission timing Sent to the first node.
  • a device in a third aspect, may be a node, denoted as a first node, or a device located in a node, or a device that can be matched and used with a node.
  • the device may include modules that perform one-to-one correspondence of the methods/operations/steps/actions described in the first aspect.
  • the modules may be hardware circuits, software, or hardware circuits combined with software.
  • the device may include a processing module and a communication module. The processing module is used to call the communication module to perform receiving and/or sending functions.
  • the processing module is used to call the communication module to perform receiving and/or sending functions.
  • the communication module is configured to receive first indication information from a host node, the first indication information is used to indicate information of multiple second nodes, and the second node is an upper-level node of the first node; and Receiving multiple timing information from the multiple second nodes;
  • the processing module is configured to determine the first downlink transmission timing of the first node according to the multiple timing information.
  • the communication module is configured to receive second indication information from the host node, and the second indication information is used to indicate at least one of the following information: timing accuracy of the multiple second nodes, Or, the weights of the multiple second nodes, or the weight intermediate values of the multiple second nodes, the weight intermediate values are used to determine the weight, or the grouping of the multiple second nodes Information, wherein the grouping has a corresponding relationship with the timing accuracy, or the grouping has a corresponding relationship with the weight intermediate value, or the grouping has a corresponding relationship with the weight value.
  • the first node can use the timing information of multiple second nodes to determine the downlink transmission timing, and can refer to information such as the weight of each second node, so that the determined downlink transmission timing is more accurate.
  • the processing module is configured to determine the weights of the multiple second nodes according to the timing accuracy of the multiple second nodes; or, to determine the weights of the multiple second nodes
  • the weight intermediate value of is normalized to obtain the weight of the multiple second nodes; or, used to determine the weight of the second node in the group according to the grouping information of the multiple second nodes .
  • the processing module is configured to determine the first downlink transmission timing of the first node according to the multiple timing information and the weights of the multiple second nodes; wherein , The multiple second nodes correspond to the multiple timing information. By referring to the weight of each second node, the determined downlink transmission timing is more accurate.
  • the processing module is configured to determine multiple second downlink transmission timings of the first node according to the multiple timing information; and to determine the multiple second downlink transmission timings Perform weighted average processing to obtain the first downlink transmission timing.
  • the determined downlink transmission timing can be more High precision.
  • the processing module is configured to perform weighted average processing on the multiple second downlink transmission timings according to the weights of the multiple second nodes.
  • the timing information of the second node with a higher weight than a lower weight is more conducive to improving the accuracy of the downlink transmission timing of the first node.
  • the processing module is configured to determine multiple second downlink transmission timings of the first node according to the multiple timing information; and to determine the multiple second downlink transmission timings And the minimum value and maximum value in, and used to determine that the first downlink transmission timing is a value between the minimum value and the maximum value.
  • the first node may have a certain degree of freedom to adjust the downlink transmission timing, which may increase resource utilization in some cases.
  • the processing module is configured to determine multiple second downlink transmission timings of the first node according to the multiple timing information; and configured to set the multiple second downlink transmission timings Any one of the second downlink sending timings is used as the first downlink sending timing of the first node.
  • the first node may have a certain degree of freedom to adjust the downlink transmission timing, which may increase resource utilization in some cases.
  • the first indication information is a set or list, and the set or list includes identities of the multiple second nodes.
  • the communication module when the communication module receives third indication information from the host node, the third indication information is used to indicate information of multiple upper-level nodes, and the processing module is also used to update the Downlink transmission timing; or, when the communication module is used to receive multiple updated timing information from the multiple second nodes, the processing module is also used to update the downlink transmission timing; or, when the downlink When the sending timing is not equal to the actual sending timing, the processing module is further configured to update the downlink sending timing. In this way, when a deviation occurs or the latest indication information is obtained, the downlink transmission timing can be updated in time, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the downlink transmission timing.
  • a device in a fourth aspect, may be a node, denoted as a host node, or a device located in a node, or a device that can be matched and used with a node. Multiple second nodes and first nodes can be accessed under the device.
  • the device may include modules that perform one-to-one correspondence of the methods/operations/steps/actions described in the first aspect.
  • the modules may be hardware circuits, software, or hardware circuits combined with software. .
  • the device may include a processing module and a communication module. The processing module is used to call the communication module to perform receiving and/or sending functions.
  • the processing module is used to call the communication module to perform receiving and/or sending functions.
  • the processing module is used to obtain information of multiple second nodes; the communication module is used to send first indication information to the first node, and the first indication information is used to indicate information of multiple second nodes,
  • the second node is an upper node of the first node.
  • the second node indicated by the first indication information can be an upper-level node with better timing accuracy, so that the first node can selectively receive timing information of an upper-level node with better timing accuracy, thereby improving downlink transmission timing.
  • Accuracy This allows the first node to comprehensively utilize the timing information of multiple second nodes, and the determined downlink transmission timing has a higher accuracy, which can improve the accuracy of the downlink transmission timing. This method also saves the signaling interaction between the first node and the host node.
  • the communication module is further configured to send second indication information to the first node, where the second indication information is used to indicate at least one of the following information: Timing accuracy, or the weights of the multiple second nodes, or the weight intermediate values of the multiple second nodes, the weight intermediate values are used to determine the weight, or, the multiple second nodes
  • the information of the grouping wherein the grouping has a corresponding relationship with the timing accuracy, or the grouping has a corresponding relationship with the intermediate value of the weight, or the grouping has a corresponding relationship with the weighting value.
  • the first node can use the timing information of multiple second nodes to determine the downlink transmission timing process, and can refer to the weights of each second node and other information to make the determined downlink transmission timing more accurate .
  • the communication module may also receive multiple second downlink transmission timings from the first node; the processing module is further configured to determine the first downlink transmission timing according to the weights of the multiple second nodes , And send the first sending timing to the first node.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a device, the device includes a communication interface and a processor, and the communication interface is used for communication between the device and other devices, for example, data or signal transmission and reception.
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver, circuit, bus, module, or other type of communication interface, and other devices may be host nodes.
  • the processor is used to call a set of programs, instructions or data to execute the method described in the first aspect.
  • the device may also include a memory for storing programs, instructions or data called by the processor. The memory is coupled with the processor, and when the processor executes the instructions or data stored in the memory, the method described in the first aspect can be implemented.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an apparatus, the apparatus includes a communication interface and a processor, and the communication interface is used for communication between the apparatus and other devices, for example, data or signal transmission and reception.
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver, circuit, bus, module, or other type of communication interface
  • the other device may be the first node, such as an IAB node.
  • the processor is used to call a set of programs, instructions or data to execute the method described in the second aspect.
  • the device may also include a memory for storing programs, instructions or data called by the processor.
  • the memory is coupled with the processor, and when the processor executes the instructions or data stored in the memory, the method described in the second aspect can be implemented.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer-readable storage medium stores computer-readable instructions.
  • the computer can execute The method described in one aspect or any possible design of the first aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, including instructions, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute as described in the second aspect or any of the possible designs in the second aspect The method described.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a chip system, which includes a processor and may also include a memory for implementing the method described in the first aspect or any one of the possible designs of the first aspect.
  • the chip system can be composed of chips, or can include chips and other discrete devices.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a chip system that includes a processor and may also include a memory for implementing the method described in the second aspect or any one of the possible designs of the second aspect.
  • the chip system can be composed of chips, or can include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product, including instructions, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute as described in the first aspect or any one of the possible designs in the first aspect Or implement the method described in the second aspect or any one of the possible designs of the second aspect.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a system including the device described in the third aspect or the fifth aspect and the device described in the fourth or sixth aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an IAB node in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a node having multiple upper-level nodes in an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a timing synchronization method in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a first node determining downlink transmission timing in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of node 0 determining downlink transmission timing in an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 7 is one of the schematic structural diagrams of the timing synchronization device in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 8 is the second structural diagram of the timing synchronization device in an embodiment of the application.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a timing synchronization method and device, in order to improve the accuracy of the downlink transmission timing of the relay node.
  • the method and the device are based on the same inventive concept. Since the principles of the method and the device to solve the problem are similar, the implementation of the device and the method can be referred to each other, and the repetition will not be repeated.
  • "and/or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: A alone exists, and both A and B exist at the same time. There are three cases of B.
  • the character "/" generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or” relationship.
  • At least one involved in this application refers to one or more; multiple refers to two or more.
  • words such as “first” and “second” are only used for the purpose of distinguishing description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, nor can it be understood as indicating Or imply the order.
  • the communication method provided in the embodiments of this application can be applied to a fourth generation (4th generation, 4G) communication system, such as a long term evolution (LTE) system; a fifth generation (5th generation, 5G) communication system, such as New Wireless (new radio, NR) system; or various future communication systems, such as the 6th generation (6G) communication system.
  • 4G fourth generation
  • 5th generation, 5G fifth generation
  • 5G New Wireless
  • 6G 6th generation
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system to which an embodiment of this application is applied.
  • the IAB system includes at least one base station 100, one or terminal 101 served by the base station 100, one or more relay nodes (RN), and one or more terminals served by the relay node.
  • the relay node may also be referred to as a relay device, or an IAB node, or an IAB device, or a relay transmission and receptive point (rTRP).
  • the relay nodes include rTRP110, rTRP120, and rTRP130, one or more terminals 111 served by rTRP110, one or more terminals 121 served by rTRP120, and one or more terminals 121 served by rTRP130. Or multiple terminals 131.
  • the base station 100 is generally called a donor next generation node B (DgNB), and the rTRP 110 is connected to the base station 100 through a wireless backhaul link 113.
  • DgNB donor next generation node B
  • rTRP 120 is connected to the relay node rTRP 110 through the wireless backhaul link 123 to access the network
  • rTRP 130 is connected to the relay node rTRP 110 through the wireless backhaul link 133 to access the network
  • rTRP 120 is one Or multiple terminals 121 serve
  • rTRP 130 serves one or multiple terminals 131.
  • the relay nodes rTRP 110 and rTRP 120 are both connected to the network through a wireless backhaul link. In this application, the wireless backhaul links are all viewed from the perspective of the relay node.
  • the wireless backhaul link 113 is the backhaul link of the relay node rTRP 110
  • the wireless backhaul link 123 is the relay node rTRP 120.
  • Backhaul link As shown in Figure 1, a relay node (such as 120) can connect to another relay node 110 through a wireless backhaul link (such as 123) to connect to the network, and the relay node can pass through multi-level wireless relays. The node is connected to the network.
  • the donor base station may also be referred to as a donor (donor) node, or as an IAB donor.
  • the base station includes but is not limited to: evolved node B (evolved node base, eNB), radio network controller (RNC), node B (node B, NB), base station controller (base station controller, BSC), Base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved nodeB, or home node B, HNB), baseband unit (BBU), or new air interface base station (for example, gNB), etc.
  • evolved node B evolved node base, eNB
  • RNC radio network controller
  • node B node B
  • base station controller base station controller
  • BSC Base transceiver station
  • home base station for example, home evolved nodeB, or home node B, HNB
  • BBU baseband unit
  • new air interface base station for example, gNB
  • the IAB system may also include more or fewer relay nodes.
  • a node that provides wireless backhaul link resources such as 110
  • 120 is referred to as a lower node of the relay node 110
  • the lower-level node can be regarded as a terminal of the upper-level node.
  • a relay node such as 120
  • the terminal 101, the terminal 111, the terminal 121, and the terminal 131 may be stationary or mobile devices.
  • mobile devices can be mobile phones, smart terminals, tablet computers, notebook computers, video game consoles, multimedia players, or even mobile relay nodes.
  • Stationary devices are usually located in fixed locations, such as computers, access points (connected to the network via wireless links, such as stationary relay nodes), and so on.
  • the name of the relay node rTRP 110, 120, 130 does not limit the deployment scenario or network, and can be any other name such as relay, RN, etc.
  • the use of rTRP in this application is only for the convenience of description.
  • the wireless links 102, 112, 122, 132, 113, 123, 133, 134 may be bidirectional links, including uplink and downlink transmission links.
  • the wireless backhaul links 113, 123, 133, 134 can be used by the upper-level node to provide services for the lower-level nodes, for example, the upper-level node 100 provides wireless backhaul services for the lower-level node 110.
  • the uplink and downlink of the backhaul link may be separated, that is, the uplink and the downlink are not transmitted through the same node.
  • Downlink transmission refers to the transmission of information or data by an upper-level node to lower-level nodes, such as node 100 transmitting information or data to node 110; and uplink transmission refers to the transmission of information or data by a lower-level node to an upper-level node, such as node 110 transmitting information or data to node 100.
  • the node is not limited to whether it is a network node or a terminal.
  • the terminal can act as a relay node to serve other terminals.
  • the wireless backhaul link may be an access link in some scenarios.
  • the backhaul link 123 may also be regarded as an access link for the node 110, and the backhaul link 113 is also an access link of the node 100.
  • the foregoing upper-level node may be a base station or a relay node
  • the lower-level node may be a relay node or a terminal with a relay function.
  • the lower-level node may also be a terminal.
  • base stations include but are not limited to: evolved node B (evolved node base, eNB), radio network controller (RNC), node B (node B, NB), base station controller (base station) controller, BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved NodeB, or home node B, HNB), baseband unit (BBU), eLTE (evolved LTE, eLTE) base station , NR base station (next generation node B, gNB) or base station of the next generation communication system, etc.
  • eNB evolved node B
  • RNC radio network controller
  • node B node B
  • base station controller base station controller
  • BSC base transceiver station
  • home base station for example, home evolved NodeB, or home node B, HNB
  • BBU baseband unit
  • eLTE evolved LTE, eLTE
  • NR base station next generation node B, gNB
  • the IAB node is a specific name of a relay node, which does not limit the solution of this application. It can be one of the above-mentioned base stations or terminal devices with a forwarding function, or it can be an independent device form. In this application, IAB node can generally refer to any node or device with a relay function. For example, the IAB node may be a module or device set on a mobile object, which includes but is not limited to devices in the Internet of Things, such as cars, trains, and airplanes. The use of IAB node and relay node in this application should be understood to have the same meaning.
  • Terminal equipment includes but is not limited to: user equipment (UE), mobile station, access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile equipment, terminal, wireless communication equipment, user agent, Station (ST), cell phone, cordless phone, session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, wireless local loop (WLL) station, wireless local access network (WLAN) Personal digital assistant (PDA), handheld devices with wireless communication functions, computing devices, other processing devices connected to wireless modems, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, mobile stations in the future 5G network, and public Any of the terminal devices in the public land mobile network (PLMN) network.
  • UE user equipment
  • PLMN public land mobile network
  • the donor node refers to a node that can access the core network through the node, or an anchor base station of the wireless access network, through which the anchor base station can access the network.
  • the anchor base station is responsible for data processing at the packet data convergence protocol (packet data convergence protocol, PDCP) layer, or is responsible for receiving data from the core network and forwarding it to the relay node, or receiving data from the relay node and forwarding it to the core network.
  • packet data convergence protocol packet data convergence protocol
  • the IAB node may include two parts: a mobile terminal (mobile termination, MT) and a distributed unit (DU).
  • the MT is used to implement a functional module similar to an ordinary terminal, and is used to communicate with an upper-level node, such as sending uplink (UL) data to an upper-level node, and receiving downlink (DL) data from an upper-level node.
  • the DU is a functional module similar to a common base station, and is used to communicate with subordinate nodes, for example, sending downlink (DL) data to subordinate nodes and receiving uplink (UL) data from subordinate nodes.
  • the relay node After the relay node (or IAB node) accesses the network, it needs to set the downlink transmission time, that is, it needs to synchronize with the downlink transmission timing of the upper node or the host node. In practical applications, the accuracy of the downlink timing synchronization of the relay node is relatively high.
  • the protocol specifies the maximum error (3us) of the inter-cell timing, and the downlink transmission timing of the IAB node should also meet this constraint.
  • the air interface information may be used to assist the downlink timing synchronization of the IAB node.
  • the node may be: a base station, a relay node, an IAB node, a terminal with a relay function, or any device with a relay function.
  • the descriptions involving examples all take the node as an IAB node as an example.
  • a node may have multiple upper-level nodes.
  • Some possible scenarios where a node has multiple upper-level nodes include: 1. Multi-connection scenarios, such as dual connection (DC); 2. Upper-level node changes, such as switching from one upper-level node to another upper-level node; 3. Multi-TRP transmission.
  • Multi-connection scenarios such as dual connection (DC)
  • Upper-level node changes such as switching from one upper-level node to another upper-level node
  • Multi-TRP transmission Multi-TRP transmission.
  • a node is switched from one superior node to another superior node and maintains dual connections.
  • Multiple superior nodes of a node may also be multiple non-simultaneously connected superior nodes. For example, if an IAB node switches from one superior node to another superior node, then the IAB node has a current superior node and a historical superior node.
  • the timing information provided by the multiple upper-level nodes can be used to obtain an averaged downlink timing amount.
  • the present invention provides a method in which the IAB node can utilize multiple upper-level nodes to improve the downlink timing accuracy.
  • the IAB node determines the downlink transmission timing through an upper-level node.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the first node determining the downlink transmission timing.
  • the sending position in the time domain is represented by 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.
  • the downlink transmission timing of the DU of the first node can be obtained by the following method: the downlink transmission frame of the DU of the first node is ahead of the MT downlink reception frame TA/2+T_delta of the first node.
  • the downlink transmission time of the DU is ahead of the downlink reception time of the MT TA/2+T_delta.
  • TA is the timing advance of the uplink transmission of the MT of the first node, that is, the uplink transmission of the first node MT is ahead of the timing advance of the downlink reception of the first node MT.
  • the initial value of TA may be sent by the upper node to the first node, for example, through MAC CE signaling.
  • the upper-level node can update the TA value of the first node through MAC CE signaling. In some cases, there may be a certain deviation between the TA value maintained by the first node and the TA value sent and updated by the superior node.
  • TA generally refers to the TA value maintained by the first node, but does not rule out The rest of the definition.
  • T_delta is the timing adjustment value issued by the upper-level node to the first node to compensate for the difference between TA/2 and the transmission time Tp.
  • the transmission time Tp is the transmission time between the first node and the upper node.
  • the timing information sent by the upper-level node to the first node includes the timing advance TA and T_delta, and T_delta is the timing adjustment value to compensate or correct the difference or error between TA/2 and the transmission time Tp.
  • T_delta can have two definition methods, one is the target value, and the other is the measured value (or called the actual value). If T_delta is the target value, in order to achieve better synchronization performance, the TA in the timing information (TA/2+T_delta) should be the TA value maintained by the MT when the timing is stable, where the timing stability refers to the MT received by the superior node The upstream signal is completely aligned with its upstream receiving window. However, the MT cannot determine whether the timing is stable, so the MT can always use the latest TA value to determine the timing information (TA/2+T_delta), that is, the TA in the timing information (TA/2+T_delta) is updated with the MT's TA update .
  • T_delta in the timing information (TA/2+T_delta) is measured by the superior node according to the arrival time of the MT uplink signal. At this time, TA in the timing information (TA/2+T_delta) should be the superior The TA value maintained by the IAB node MT when the node measures T_delta.
  • the upper-level node can make the TA in the timing information (TA/2+T_delta) the TA value maintained when the IAB node receives T_delta.
  • the T_delta mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be either a target value or a measured value.
  • T_delta is the target value
  • the upper-level node only sends a fixed T_delta(0), and timing information (TA(1)/2+T_delta(0)) and timing information (TA(2)/2 can be obtained at different moments +T_delta(0)). Since TA(2) is assumed to have higher timing accuracy, the timing information (TA(2)/2+T_delta(0)) can be obtained more accurately.
  • T_delta is a measured value
  • the upper-level node can send different T_delta at different times, for example, T_delta(1) is sent at time 1, and T_delta(2) is sent at time 2.
  • timing information (TA(1)/2+T_delta(1)) and timing information (TA(2)/2+T_delta(2)) both represent the upper-level node's estimation of the transmission delay Tp. Therefore, when T_delta is the measured value, T_delta matches the TA value, and the TA in the timing information (TA/2+T_delta) is the TA maintained when the IAB node MT receives T_delta, and subsequent TA updates of the MT do not affect the timing information (TA/2+T_delta).
  • the timing information (TA/2+T_delta) may have different meanings, and the application method of the IAB node may also be different.
  • the embodiments of this application can be applied to any of the above two meanings.
  • the upper-level node may configure the property of T_delta, and the property of T_delta indicates that T_delta is a target value or a measured value.
  • the upper-level node may also carry configuration information when issuing T_delta, and the configuration information is used to indicate the nature of the T_delta value.
  • the upper-level node can also indicate the nature of the T_delta value through additional signaling.
  • the configuration information may also indicate the specific value method of the TA in the timing information (TA/2+T_delta) by the IAB node. For example, the configuration information may instruct the IAB node to determine timing information (TA/2+T_delta) based on the TA value maintained when receiving T_delta, or the configuration information may instruct the IAB node to determine timing information (TA/ 2+T_delta).
  • the first node feeds it back to the superior node or the host node.
  • the first node receives T_delta, it feeds back T_delta and the TA value currently maintained by the first node to the superior node or host node, or, after receiving T_delta, the first node feeds back T_delta to the superior node or host node and the value of T_delta after receiving T_delta
  • the TA value maintained at the time, or the first node only feeds back the currently maintained TA value to the superior node or the host node, or the first node only feeds back the TA value maintained when the T_delta is received by the superior node or the host node.
  • the feedback mechanism can make the superior node or the host node confirm the accuracy of sending timing information.
  • the synchronization transmission with the upper-level node can be realized, and TA/2+T_delta represents the upper-level node's estimate of Tp.
  • the timing of the superior node itself may deviate from the ideal timing.
  • the propagation delay Tp estimated by the superior node and the true propagation delay may not be completely equal. Therefore, if only the timing information of a single upper-level node is used to determine the downlink transmission timing of the first point, the accuracy of the downlink transmission timing may be affected, and the downlink transmission timing of the first node may deviate from the ideal timing. In a multi-hop scenario, this deviation will be transmitted hop by hop.
  • the downlink transmission timing of the first node may be comprehensively determined according to multiple second node timing information. Details as follows:
  • FIG. 3 it is a schematic diagram of a node having multiple upper-level nodes.
  • Node 0 is a node that needs to determine the timing of downlink transmission
  • node 1, node 2, node 3, and node 4 are all upper-level nodes of node 0.
  • the superior node is finally connected with the donor node.
  • FIG. 3 is only an example.
  • the upper-level node may also be a donor node, or different upper-level nodes may be connected to different donor nodes.
  • the execution subject of this method is a first node and a donor node
  • the second node is an upper node of the first node.
  • the first node, the second node, and the host node may be: a base station, a relay node, an IAB node, a terminal with a relay function, or any device with a relay function.
  • S401 The host node sends first indication information to the first node, and the first node receives the first indication information from the host node.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate information about one or more second nodes.
  • the first indication information includes identifiers of one or more second nodes.
  • the first indication information is a set or list, and the set or list includes the identities of the multiple second nodes.
  • the host node sends first indication information to the IAB node to indicate information about multiple upper-level nodes.
  • the first indication information may also be used to instruct the first node to receive timing information of the multiple second nodes.
  • the multiple second nodes indicated by the first indication information may serve as timing reference nodes for downlink transmission by the first node. If a certain second node is the timing reference node of the first node, the first node can use the timing information sent by the second node to determine the downlink transmission timing.
  • the one or more second nodes send timing information to the first node, and the first node receives multiple timing information from the one or more second nodes.
  • a second node is taken as an example.
  • the first node receives timing information from each second node of the plurality of second nodes according to the multiple second nodes indicated by the first indication information.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate information about N second nodes, and there are M second nodes sending timing information to the first node. Both M and N are positive integers.
  • the first node receives timing information from N second nodes according to the first indication information. Or, the first node receives timing information from M second nodes, but ignores or discards the timing information of nodes not indicated by the first indication information.
  • the M and N second nodes may be: the upper-level node to which the first node is currently connected, or the upper-level node to which the first node has been connected, or the target node to which the first node may switch.
  • the first node can select N second nodes according to the first indication information, or can select the second nodes that can be used to determine the downlink transmission timing in the following manner 1)-3), for example:
  • the first node may use the timing information of the upper-level node to determine the downlink transmission timing after being connected and obtaining timing information.
  • nodes 1 to 4 all send timing information to node 0, but node 0 only obtains the timing information of node 2 and node 3, and determines the timing information according to the timing information of node 2 and node 3. Downlink transmission timing.
  • the timing information includes one or more of timing advance (TA) or timing offset T_delta, where the definition of TA and T_delta can refer to the description of this application or the previous A description of a public standard proposal or standard agreement.
  • TA timing advance
  • T_delta timing offset
  • a certain second node is not the timing reference node of the first node, it only means that the first node does not use the timing information of the second node to determine the downlink transmission timing. However, the first node still needs to use part of the timing information (for example, TA) provided by the second node to determine the uplink transmission timing.
  • TA part of the timing information
  • the host node may also send dedicated indication information for each second node, used to indicate whether the first node uses the timing information of the second node, or used to indicate whether the second node Provide timing information to the first node. For example, when an IAB node accesses an upper-level node, such as accessing an upper-level node a, the host node sends an indication message to the upper-level node a. The indication information is used to indicate whether the IAB node uses timing information of the upper-level node a.
  • the first node determines the downlink transmission timing of the first node according to the multiple received timing information.
  • the finally determined downlink transmission timing of the first node is recorded as the first downlink transmission timing.
  • the first node receives multiple timing information from multiple second nodes, and determines a downlink transmission timing for each timing information received from the second node, which is recorded as the second downlink transmission timing. In this way, for multiple timing information of multiple second nodes, the first node can determine multiple second downlink transmission timings.
  • the first node only determines the second downlink transmission timing for the N second nodes in the list. If some of the second nodes do not provide timing information, the first node ignores it.
  • the number of second nodes may be configured with a maximum value, that is, the donor node will not indicate the number of upper-level nodes exceeding the maximum value. Or, when the number of second nodes indicated by the donor node is greater than the maximum value, the first node removes part of the upper-level nodes from the list or set. For example, the first node can ignore the latest configured upper-level node, or the earliest configured upper-level node, or the lower-precision upper-level node. For the explanation of accuracy and related content, refer to the following description.
  • the donor node only indicates a timing superior node for the first node, and when switching, the first node only uses the previously configured superior node or the timing information of the new superior node after the switch.
  • the donor node will notify the first node whether to retain the previous timing information during each handover.
  • the first node reports its current list or set of second nodes to the donor node. For example, when the donor node of the first node changes, the new donor node may not know the information of multiple second nodes of the first node, and the new donor node obtains this information through reporting.
  • the donor node of the first node sends a change
  • one possible method is that the first node ignores all the second nodes that were previously indicated.
  • the first node determines the first downlink transmission timing of the first node according to the multiple second downlink transmission timings.
  • the embodiment of the present application may provide two optional methods.
  • Manner 1 The first node performs weighted average processing on multiple second downlink transmission timings to obtain the first downlink transmission timing.
  • the first node may perform weighted average processing on multiple second downlink transmission timings according to the weights of multiple second nodes.
  • the multiple second nodes have a one-to-one correspondence with the multiple timing information, so the weights of the multiple second nodes can also be considered as the weights of the multiple timing information.
  • the number of multiple second nodes is represented by N, and the first downlink transmission timing can be calculated according to the following formula (1) or formula (2).
  • TT a is the first downlink transmission timing
  • TT n is the second downlink transmission timing
  • w n is the weight of the second node.
  • n is the index number of multiple second downlink transmission timings, and the value can be 0, 1, 2..., or 1, 2, 3....
  • TT ⁇ 1,2,N ⁇ is the first downlink transmission timing
  • TT 1 is the second downlink transmission timing calculated by the first node according to the second node numbered 1
  • w i is the weight of the second node numbered i
  • w i is the second downlink numbered i
  • TT 0 is the ideal downlink transmission timing
  • w 1 +w 2 +...+w N 1.
  • Manner 2 Determine the minimum value and the maximum value of the multiple second downlink transmission timings; determine the first downlink transmission timing to be a value between the minimum value and the maximum value.
  • TT a is the first downlink transmission timing
  • TT 1 is the second downlink transmission timing calculated by the first node according to the second node numbered 1.
  • the first downlink transmission timing determined by the first node is located between the minimum value and the maximum value of the multiple second downlink transmission timings. In this way, the first node has a certain degree of freedom to adjust the downlink transmission timing, which may increase resource utilization in some cases.
  • the first node may use any one of the plurality of second downlink transmission timings as the first downlink transmission timing of the first node.
  • the first node may obtain timing information from other timing sources other than the second node, for example, global positioning systems (GPS). Then, the first node may combine timing information of other timing sources and timing information received from the second node to jointly determine the first downlink transmission timing. For example, the first node may determine a downlink transmission timing according to timing information of other timing sources, denoted as TT x .
  • GPS global positioning systems
  • the first node performs weighted average processing on multiple second downlink transmission timings and TT x to obtain the first downlink transmission timing.
  • Formula (2) can be evolved into formula (4).
  • the second method above can be evolved to determine the minimum and maximum values of multiple second downlink transmission timings and TT x ; determine the first downlink transmission timing to be any value between the minimum and maximum, or it can be The minimum or maximum value.
  • Formula (3) can be evolved into, min ⁇ TT 1 ,...,TT N ,TT x ⁇ TT a ⁇ max ⁇ TT 1 ,...,TT N ,TT x ⁇
  • the following describes some possible implementation manners for the first node to obtain the weights of multiple second nodes.
  • the weight information is pre-stored in the first node.
  • the weight information can be stored in the form of a list or a set, for example, the weights of the 4 second nodes correspond to ⁇ 1, 2, 3, 4 ⁇ respectively.
  • the host node sends instruction information to the first node, which is recorded as second instruction information.
  • the first node receives the second indication information from the host node.
  • the first indication information and the second indication information may be carried in the same message, or may be carried in different messages. It is also possible to send one second indication information for each second node.
  • the second indication information is used to indicate at least one of the following information: timing accuracy of multiple second nodes, weights of multiple second nodes, intermediate weights of multiple second nodes, or grouping of multiple second nodes Information, or the number of hops of the second node, the distance of the second node includes the number of hops of an accurate clock source (such as GPS) node, etc.
  • part or all of the timing information of the second node may also be directly sent by the second node to the first node.
  • the intermediate value of the weight is used to determine the weight.
  • the intermediate value of the weight is the result of quantization, which can be several fixed values, such as ⁇ 1, 2, 3, 4 ⁇ or ⁇ 1,2, 4 ⁇ .
  • the host node sends the weight intermediate value to the first node, and the first node receives the weight intermediate value from the host node, and normalizes the weight intermediate value to obtain the weights of the multiple second nodes.
  • the host node normalizes the weight intermediate values corresponding to the multiple second nodes to obtain the weight values of the multiple second nodes, and the host node directly sends the weight values of the multiple second nodes to the first node.
  • the notification method of the timing accuracy of multiple second nodes is similar to the notification method of the weight intermediate value, that is, a number of fixed accuracy values are specified, such as ⁇ 0, 1, 2 ⁇ , ⁇ 0, 1, 2, 3 ⁇ or ⁇ 0 , 1, 2, 4 ⁇ and other forms.
  • the first node may determine the downlink timing according to the timing accuracy of the second node.
  • the second indication information indicates that a second node has the lowest timing accuracy level, or indicates that the weight or the intermediate value of the weight corresponding to this second-level node is 0. At this time, the first node does not use this
  • the timing information provided by the second node determines the downlink transmission timing.
  • different timing accuracy indicates the error range of the upper node.
  • L0 indicates that the absolute value of the timing error is greater than (or greater than or equal to) X1 microseconds
  • L1 indicates that the absolute value of the timing error is greater than (or greater than or equal to) X2 microseconds is less than (or less than or equal to) X1 microseconds
  • L2 indicates that the absolute value of timing error is greater than (or greater than or equal to) X3 microseconds is less than (or less than or equal to) X2 microseconds
  • L3 indicates that the absolute value of timing error is less than (or less than or equal to) X3 microseconds, where X1>X2>X3.
  • Error level Represented error range (unit: microsecond) L0 E>X1 L1 X2 ⁇ E ⁇ X1 L2 X3 ⁇ E ⁇ X2 L3 E ⁇ X3
  • the greater than and less than in the table can be replaced with greater than or equal to and less than or equal to.
  • the above example shows the case of 4 timing accuracy levels. In implementation, based on the same criteria, more or fewer timing accuracy levels may be defined.
  • the error range here represents the error of the second node with respect to the ideal downlink timing or with respect to a reference downlink timing
  • the ideal downlink timing represents TT 0
  • the reference downlink timing may include the downlink transmission timing of the upper node of the second node.
  • the second indication information further includes the stability level of the downlink transmission timing of the second node, and the downlink transmission timing stability indicates the fluctuation of the timing when the second node performs the downlink signal. For example, when the second node has high downlink transmission timing stability, the time for the second node to send downlink signals does not change significantly, and when the second node has low downlink transmission timing stability, its The transmission time of the downlink signal may vary.
  • timing accuracy and timing stability can be defined separately or jointly.
  • the first node or the second node reports its timing accuracy level or timing stability level to the host node.
  • the first node may calculate or determine the weights of multiple second nodes according to the timing accuracy of multiple second nodes. value. If the donor node only indicates the timing accuracy of multiple second nodes to the first node, the first node may calculate the first downlink transmission timing of the first node according to the above-mentioned manner one or two.
  • the host node can learn the timing accuracy of multiple second nodes, but different second nodes to the first node may have different channel qualities, resulting in differences in the estimation accuracy of timing information between the first node and the upper node (ie, the second node) . Therefore, even if the host node provides the timing accuracy of the superior node, the first node may not necessarily set the weight strictly according to the accuracy. In other words, setting weights according to precision is an optional method.
  • the donor node has certain prior knowledge of the timing accuracy of the upper node of the first node. For example, the donor node knows whether each node has GPS, the number of hops of the upper node in multiple hops, and so on.
  • the second indication information sent by the host node to the first node is used to indicate the grouping information of multiple second nodes
  • different groups have different timing accuracy, weight intermediate values or weight values.
  • the grouping has a corresponding relationship with the timing accuracy, or the grouping has a corresponding relationship with the intermediate value of the weight, or the grouping has a corresponding relationship with the weight. That is, the second nodes in the same group have the same or similar timing accuracy, or have the same or similar weight intermediate value, or have the same or similar weight.
  • the form of the second indication information can be:
  • Timing node group 1 ⁇ upper node ID list ⁇
  • Timing node group 2 ⁇ Upper node ID list ⁇
  • Timing node group p ⁇ upper node ID list ⁇
  • Timing node group 1 ⁇ timing node group p represent different groups, each group includes one or more second nodes (that is, upper-level nodes), which can be expressed in the form of a list or set, and the list or set includes the identifier of the upper-level node , Such as ID.
  • second nodes that is, upper-level nodes
  • each group has a predefined weight.
  • the weights of the timing node group 1 and the timing node group 2 are 2 and 1, respectively.
  • the accuracy (or weight or weight intermediate value) of the timing node group 1 is about twice that of the timing node group 2.
  • the protocol may only specify the magnitude relationship of the accuracy, or the magnitude relationship of the weights, or the magnitude relationship of the intermediate values of the weights between multiple packets. For example, the protocol stipulates that the timing node group 1 has a higher accuracy than the timing node group 2.
  • the host node may also notify the first node of the following information about the second node: the time reference of the second node is available or unavailable, the frequency reference of the second node is available or unavailable, and the second node maintains a timing state.
  • the second node enters the timing holding state means that the second node has lost an external timing reference (such as GPS, 1588 timing protocol, the air interface timing method described in this application), and only relies on the local clock for timing.
  • part or all of the timing information of the second node may also be directly sent by the second node to the first node.
  • the following describes an optional implementation manner in which the first node determines the second downlink timing according to the timing information of multiple second nodes.
  • the first node is represented by node 0, and the two second nodes are represented by upper node 1 and upper node 2.
  • Node 0 can receive the physical channels and reference signals of the upper node 1 and the upper node 2 respectively, thereby obtaining the receiving timing of the upper node 1 and the upper node 2 respectively.
  • the upper-level node 1 and the upper-level node 2 respectively send timing information to the node 0, such as sending TA and T_delta.
  • Node 0 may determine the downlink transmission timing (that is, the foregoing second downlink transmission timing) according to the timing information according to the method described in FIG. 5 above. Then node 0 can obtain two downlink transmission timings.
  • the two downlink transmission timings are represented as TT1 and TT2, where TT1 is the downlink transmission timing determined by node 1, and TT2 is the downlink transmission determined by node 2. timing.
  • node 0 improves the accuracy of downlink transmission timing according to the weighted average method.
  • TT ⁇ 1,2 ⁇ is the first downlink transmission timing determined by node 0
  • w 1 is the weight of node 1
  • w 2 is the weight of node 2.
  • the downlink transmission timing accuracy of node 0 can be improved.
  • node 0 can also determine the magnitude relationship between TT1 and TT2, and set the first downlink transmission timing to a value between TT1 and TT2.
  • the downlink reception timing of the first node receiving the upper-level node k may be recorded as RT k
  • the downlink transmission timing calculated according to the upper-level node n may be recorded as TT n .
  • TT n is only the downlink transmission timing calculated by the first node according to the timing information sent by the superior node (that is, the second downlink transmission timing described above), and the actual downlink transmission time of the first node may be different from TT n . error.
  • the downlink reception time and downlink transmission time here correspond to the same time unit, for example, the same radio frame.
  • the first node can calculate RT k -TT n , that is, calculate the timing difference between the downlink reception timing of node k and the downlink transmission time determined by node n.
  • the downlink receiving timing of an upper-level node can be fixed as the reference time.
  • the current connection node of the first node can be used as the reference timing node.
  • the first node may determine the reference downlink timing through protocol rules or configuration information, or the first node may determine the reference node for downlink reception timing by itself.
  • IAB Donor node is a node indicating a reference node or may be configured to determine a downlink reception timing, i.e., the first node indicating the downlink reception timing determining RT k node k.
  • the IAB node will use the current connection to the upper-level node as the reference node for determining the downlink reception timing.
  • the host node may instruct the first node to report the time difference, or at the same time also instruct the upper-level node to report a part of the time difference.
  • the upper-level node k can report its estimated propagation delay Tp with the first node, and Tp is equal to the time difference RT k -TT k .
  • the host node can update a time difference. The time difference is obtained after the host node regularly averages multiple upper-level nodes.
  • the downlink transmission timing of the first node can be implemented in the following manner:
  • formula (6) is equivalent to formula (2). That is, the first downlink transmission timing determined according to formula (6) and formula (2) are the same.
  • the first node can receive information such as the weight, timing accuracy, or weight intermediate value of each second node from the host node, and the first node determines the second node's value based on one or more of these information.
  • the weight is then weighted and averaged on the multiple second downlink transmission timings according to the weights of the multiple second nodes, so as to obtain a more accurate first downlink transmission timing.
  • this operation process can also be performed by the host node, and the host node needs to obtain multiple second downlink transmission timings calculated by the first node.
  • the first node sends multiple second downlink transmission timings to the donor node, the donor node receives multiple second downlink transmission timings from the first node, and weights the multiple second downlink transmission timings according to the weights of the multiple second nodes Average, thereby obtaining more accurate first downlink transmission timing.
  • the host node does not need to send information such as the weight value, timing accuracy, or weight intermediate value of each second node to the first node.
  • the host node sends the first indication information to the first node, which is used to indicate the information of multiple second nodes, and the first node receives the timing information of multiple second nodes, and then according to the information of the multiple second nodes
  • the timing information determines the first downlink transmission timing of the first node.
  • the host node may also send instruction information to an upper-level node of the first node, which is recorded as third instruction information.
  • the third indication information may be similar to the second indication information, and is used to indicate information of multiple second nodes. According to the third indication information, the second node judges whether it belongs to the multiple second nodes indicated by the third indication information.
  • the timing for the host node to send the third indication information to the superior node of the first node may be that when the first node accesses the second node, the host node sends the third indication information to the second node.
  • the superior node when a first node initially accesses the network, the superior node always sends timing information for it.
  • the host node may also send the first indication information to the first node and send the third indication information to the second node.
  • the downlink transmission timing of the first node is based on a certain reference signal or TRP (used to determine the reception time RT).
  • the TA in the timing information should be obtained based on a certain beam pair.
  • the beam pair here includes the QCL information of the upper node physical channel/physical signal (such as SSB and CSI-RS) used by the first node to obtain the reception timing, and also includes the uplink physical channel/reference signal (such as RACH and SRS) sent by the first node. ) Spatial information or beam information.
  • an upper-level node may perform multiple TRP transmissions to the first node.
  • the downlink sending timing of the first node can be based on the timing information provided by a specific one or more TRPs in the multi-TRP, where the specific one or more TRPs can be configured by the upper node or the donor node, or the first node Choose by yourself.
  • the first node determines a downlink transmission timing TT a, or the timing difference between the first node acquired RT n -TT a, and then infer TT a.
  • the above TT a downlink transmission timing and the timing difference is called RT n -TT a nominal timing difference and the nominal transmission timing.
  • the first node will set the actual downlink transmission timing or the actual downlink transmission timing difference according to the nominal timing or the nominal timing difference. The following describes the timing difference as an example.
  • the timing drift of the first node or the upper-level node, and the actual timing difference changes; the timing drift refers to the slow change of the signal sending time due to the non-idealness of the clock of the first node or the upper-level node.
  • the situation of timing drift may also include: the first node sends a signal according to the determined first downlink transmission timing, when the actual transmission time of the transmitted signal is inconsistent with the first downlink transmission timing.
  • the Donor node retransmits the first indication information for the first node, that is, reconfigures the list or set of superior nodes, and the nominal timing difference changes.
  • the first node should adjust the actual timing difference to make it equal to the nominal timing difference.
  • the nominal transmission timing or the nominal timing difference of the first node is within a range, and when the actual transmission timing or the actual transmission timing difference exceeds this range, the first node adjusts the actual timing difference.
  • the foregoing actual timing (or timing difference) is equal to the nominal timing (or timing difference) or may include a certain error within the range of the nominal timing (or timing difference). For example, only when the difference between the actual timing (or timing difference) and the nominal timing (or timing difference) is greater than a certain error value (for example, 64Tc), the first node considers that the actual timing is not equal to the nominal timing, or only when the actual timing is When the timing (or timing difference) exceeds the nominal timing (or timing difference) range by a certain error value (for example, 64Tc), the first node considers that the actual timing exceeds the nominal timing range.
  • a certain error value for example, 64Tc
  • the above-mentioned error value can be defined by the protocol, or configured by the donor node or the superior node.
  • Tc is an example of a time unit.
  • adjusting the actual timing difference by the first node is equivalent to adjusting the downlink transmission timing by the first node.
  • the modulation of the downlink transmission timing may affect the performance of subordinate nodes or access terminals. Therefore, the protocol should define the speed at which the first node adjusts the actual timing or the actual timing difference.
  • a maximum adjustable time difference for example, 128Tc within a period of time (for example, 100 ms) can be defined to prevent the first node from adjusting the timing too fast.
  • the minimum time difference e.g. 16Tc that needs to be adjusted within a period of time (e.g. 100ms) can be additionally defined to prevent the first node from responding too slowly to timing changes.
  • the first node may calculate different nominal time differences according to different upper-level nodes or different physical signals/channels of the upper-level nodes. Therefore, in order to stabilize the downlink transmission time, when the first node changes the receiving timing behavior such as node switching or beam switching, the nominal timing difference should be recalculated according to the switched node or beam for maintenance of the downlink timing.
  • the IAB node by acquiring a plurality of timing information (TA / 2 + T_delta) from a plurality of upper node, to obtain a second plurality of downlink transmission timing TT n, then the transmission timing TT n accordance with a second plurality of downlink give The first downlink transmission timing.
  • TA / 2 + T_delta timing information
  • the IAB node may also obtain multiple timing information (TA(m)/2+T_delta(m)) from the same upper-level node to obtain multiple third timing information TT(m) , And then obtain the first downlink transmission timing according to the multiple third downlink transmission timings TT(m).
  • the multiple timing information (TA(m)/2+T_delta(m)) represents timing information provided by the same upper-level node for the IAB node under different conditions.
  • different conditions include any one or more of the following: different moments, different beams, different transmission configuration indication states, TCI states, different quasi-co-located QCLs, different reference signals or physical signals, and different TRPs.
  • T_delta(m) can have different values or the same value.
  • the upper-level node can send M T_delta(m) at M times, which are denoted as T_delta(0),...,T_delta(M-1), and the IAB node obtains M corresponding downlink timing information (TA( m)/2+T_delta(m)), where TA(m) represents the TA value maintained by the IAB node when T_delta(m) is received.
  • the upper-level node can add and delete multiple downlink timing information (TA(m)/2+T_delta(m)) maintained by the IAB node. Adding downlink timing information (TA(m)/2+T_delta(m)) can be completed by additionally configuring the value of T_delta(m) or TA(m), and deleting the downlink timing information (TA(m)/2+T_delta( m)) can be completed by releasing the configured value of T_delta(m) or TA(m).
  • the foregoing M time periods may also be replaced with M time intervals, or other conditions mentioned in the foregoing different conditions, such as different beams and different TCI states.
  • the IAB node After obtaining multiple timing information (TA(m)/2+T_delta(m)), the IAB node can obtain multiple third downlink timings using the same method as the foregoing embodiment for obtaining multiple second downlink timings, or The IAB node can obtain multiple timing time differences using the same method as the foregoing embodiment. Then, the IAB node can obtain the nominal downlink transmission timing or the nominal timing difference through methods such as weighted average.
  • the methods provided by the embodiments of the present application are respectively introduced from the perspective of the first node, the host node, and the interaction between the first node and the host node.
  • the first node and the host node may include a hardware structure and/or a software module, and the above each can be implemented in the form of a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module.
  • Features. Whether one of the above-mentioned functions is executed in a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module depends on the specific application and design constraint conditions of the technical solution.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an apparatus 700.
  • the apparatus 700 may be a first node or a host node, or a device in the first node or the host node, or A device that can be matched with the first node or the host node.
  • the device 700 may include modules corresponding to the methods/operations/steps/actions performed by the first node or the host node in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the modules may be hardware circuits, software, or It can be realized by hardware circuit combined with software.
  • the device may include a processing module 701 and a communication module 702.
  • the communication module 702 is configured to receive first indication information from a host node, where the first indication information is used to indicate information of multiple second nodes, the second node being an upper node of the first node; and Receiving multiple timing information from the multiple second nodes;
  • the processing module 701 is configured to determine the first downlink transmission timing of the first node according to the multiple timing information.
  • the processing module 701 and the communication module 702 may also be used to perform other corresponding steps or operations performed by the terminal device in the foregoing method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the processing module 701 is configured to obtain information of multiple second nodes.
  • the communication module 702 is configured to send first indication information to a first node, where the first indication information is used to indicate information of multiple second nodes, and the second node is an upper-level node of the first node.
  • the processing module 701 and the communication module 702 may also be used to perform other corresponding steps or operations performed by the network device in the foregoing method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • the division of modules in the embodiments of the present application is illustrative, and is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • the functional modules in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one process. In the device, it can also exist alone physically, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module.
  • the above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional modules.
  • an apparatus 800 provided by an embodiment of this application is used to implement the function of the first node or the host node in the foregoing method.
  • the device can be a host node, a device in the host node, or a device that can be matched and used with the host node.
  • the device may be the first node, or a device in the first node, or a device that can be matched and used with the first node.
  • the device may be a chip system.
  • the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the apparatus 800 includes at least one processor 820, configured to implement the function of the first node or the host node in the method provided in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the device 800 may further include a communication interface 810.
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver, circuit, bus, module, or other type of communication interface, which is used to communicate with other devices through a transmission medium.
  • the communication interface 810 is used for the device in the device 800 to communicate with other devices.
  • the apparatus 800 is the host node
  • the other device may be the first node.
  • the other device may be the host node.
  • the processor 820 uses the communication interface 810 to send and receive data, and is used to implement the method described in the foregoing method embodiment.
  • the processor 820 is configured to obtain information of multiple second nodes.
  • the communication interface 810 is configured to send first indication information to a first node, where the first indication information is used to indicate information about multiple second nodes, and the second node is an upper-level node of the first node.
  • the communication interface 810 is used to receive first indication information from the host node, the first indication information is used to indicate information of multiple second nodes, and the second node is the first An upper node of the node; and for receiving multiple timing information from the multiple second nodes.
  • the processor 820 is configured to determine the first downlink transmission timing of the first node according to the multiple timing information. For details, refer to the detailed description in the method example, and details are not described herein.
  • the device 800 may further include at least one memory 830 for storing program instructions and/or data.
  • the memory 830 and the processor 820 are coupled.
  • the coupling in the embodiments of the present application is an indirect coupling or a communication connection between devices, units or modules, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms, and is used for information exchange between devices, units or modules.
  • the processor 820 may cooperate with the memory 830 to operate.
  • the processor 820 may execute program instructions stored in the memory 830. At least one of the at least one memory may be included in the processor.
  • connection medium between the aforementioned communication interface 810, the processor 820, and the memory 830 is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the memory 830, the processor 820, and the communication interface 810 are connected by a bus 840 in FIG. 8.
  • the bus is represented by a thick line in FIG. 8.
  • the connection mode between other components is only for schematic illustration. , Is not limited.
  • the bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of presentation, only one thick line is used in FIG. 8 to represent, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • the processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, and may implement or Perform the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as being executed and completed by a hardware processor, or executed and completed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
  • the memory may be a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), etc., or a volatile memory (volatile memory), for example Random-access memory (random-access memory, RAM).
  • the memory is any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.
  • the memory in the embodiments of the present application may also be a circuit or any other device capable of realizing a storage function, for storing program instructions and/or data.
  • what the communication module 702 and the communication interface 810 output or receive may be baseband signals.
  • the output or reception of the communication module 702 and the communication interface 810 may be radio frequency signals.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a computer storage medium storing a computer program, and the computer program includes instructions for executing the timing synchronization method provided in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product containing instructions, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the timing synchronization method provided in the above-mentioned embodiments.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a chip that includes a processor and an interface circuit, the interface circuit is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run a computer program or instruction to implement the above-mentioned timing synchronization method.
  • the interface circuit uses To communicate with other modules outside the chip.
  • the methods provided in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof.
  • software When implemented by software, it can be implemented in the form of a computer program product in whole or in part.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, a computer network, network equipment, user equipment, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center integrated with one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, and a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a digital video disc (digital video disc, DVD for short)), or a semiconductor medium (for example, SSD).
  • the embodiments can be mutually cited.
  • methods and/or terms between method embodiments can be mutually cited, such as functions and/or functions between device embodiments.
  • Or terms may refer to each other, for example, functions and/or terms between the device embodiment and the method embodiment may refer to each other.

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Abstract

一种定时同步方法及装置，以期提高中继节点下行发送定时的精度。定时同步方法包括：第一节点从宿主节点接收第一指示信息（401），第一指示信息用于指示多个第二节点的信息，第二节点为第一节点的上级节点；第一节点从多个第二节点接收多个定时信息（402）；第一节点根据多个定时信息，确定第一节点的第一下行发送定时（403）。

Description

一种定时同步方法及装置 技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，特别涉及一种定时同步方法及装置。
背景技术
随着移动通信技术的不断发展，频谱资源日趋紧张。为了提高频谱利用率，未来的基站部署将会更加密集。此外，密集部署还可以避免覆盖空洞的出现。在传统蜂窝网络架构下，基站通过光纤与核心网(core network,CN)建立连接。然而在很多场景下，光纤的部署成本非常高昂。无线中继节点(relay node,RN)通过无线回传链路与核心网建立连接，可节省部分光纤部署成本。
带内中继是回传链路与接入链路共享相同频段的中继方案，由于没有使用额外的频谱资源，带内中继具有频谱效率高及部署成本低等优点。带内中继一般具有半双工的约束，具体地，中继节点在接收其上级节点发送的下行信号时不能向其下级节点发送下行信号，而中继节点在接收其下级节点发送的上行信号时不能向其上级节点发送上行信号。第五代通信系统(5th generation mobile networks or 5th generation wireless systems，5G)新空口(英文全称：New Radio，英文简称：NR)的带内中继方案被称为一体化接入回传(integrated access and backhaul,IAB)，而中继节点被称为IAB节点(IAB node)或中继传输接收点(relay transmission reception point，rTRP)。
在NR中，IAB考虑支持多级中继，即一个中继节点可以通过另一个中继节点接入到网络。由于多级中继以及NR中支持的子载波间隔相比长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)可能更大(如高频)，从而要求的定时精度更高。中继系统中，保持中继节点间以及中继节点和宿主基站间的同步非常重要，同步精度会影响整个系统的性能。例如，中继节点在接入网络后，需要确定下行发送时间。由于成本所限，部分IAB节点可能不具有全球定位系统(global positioning system，GPS)等精确时钟，从而无法准确地确定下行发送时间。
发明内容
本申请提供一种定时同步方法及装置，以期提高中继节点下行发送定时的精度。
第一方面，提供一种定时同步方法，该方法的执行主体为节点，可以记为第一节点。第一节点可以是IAB节点或中继节点或任意中继设备。该方法包括以下步骤：第一节点从宿主节点接收第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示多个第二节点的信息，所述第二节点为所述第一节点的上级节点；所述第一节点从所述多个第二节点接收多个定时信息；所述第一节点根据所述多个定时信息，确定所述第一节点的第一下行发送定时。这样，第一指示信息所指示的第二节点可以是具有更好的定时精度的上级节点，第一节点可以有选择的接收定时精度更好的上级节点的定时信息，从而可以提高下行发送定时的精度。第一节点可以综合利用多个第二节点的定时信息，确定出的下行发送定时的准确度更高，可以提高下行发送定时的精度。该方法还比较节省第一节点与宿主节点之间的信令交互。
在一个可能的设计中，所述第一节点从所述宿主节点接收第二指示信息，所述第二指 示信息用于指示以下至少一种信息：所述多个第二节点的定时精度，或者，所述多个第二节点的权值，或者，所述多个第二节点的权重中间值，所述权重中间值用于确定权值，或者，所述多个第二节点的分组的信息，其中，分组与定时精度具有对应关系，或者，所述分组与权重中间值具有对应关系，或者所述分组与权值具有对应关系。通过第二指示信息，第一节点能够在利用多个第二节点的定时信息确定下行发送定时的过程，可以参考各个第二节点的权值等信息，使得确定出来的下行发送定时更加精确。
在一个可能的设计中，所述第一节点根据所述多个第二节点的定时精度，确定所述多个第二节点的权值；或者，所述第一节点对所述多个第二节点的权重中间值进行归一化处理，获得所述多个第二节点的权值；或者，所述第一节点根据所述多个第二节点的分组的信息，确定所述分组中第二节点的权值。
在一个可能的设计中，所述第一节点根据所述多个定时信息，确定所述第一节点的第一下行发送定时，具体通过以下方式实现：所述第一节点根据所述多个定时信息，以及，所述多个第二节点的权值，确定所述第一节点的第一下行发送定时；其中，所述多个第二节点与所述多个定时信息对应。通过参考各个第二节点的权值，使得确定出来的下行发送定时更加精确。
在一个可能的设计中，所述第一节点根据所述多个定时信息，确定所述第一节点的多个第二下行发送定时；所述第一节点对所述多个第二下行发送定时进行加权平均处理，获得所述第一下行发送定时。通过根据多个第二节点的定时信息确定出多个第二下行发送定时，并将这多个第二下行发送定时加权平均获得最终的下行发送定时，这样，确定出来的下行发送定时可以获得更高的精度。
在一个可能的设计中，所述第一节点按照所述多个第二节点的权值，对所述多个第二下行发送定时进行加权平均处理。权值高比权值低的第二节点的定时信息更有利于提高第一节点的下行发送定时的精度。
在一个可能的设计中，所述第一节点根据所述多个定时信息，确定所述第一节点的多个第二下行发送定时；所述第一节点确定所述多个第二下行发送定时中的最小值和最大值；所述第一节点确定所述第一下行发送定时为所述最小值和所述最大值之间的值。第一节点可有一定的自由度来调整下行发送定时，在一些情况下可能增加资源利用率。
在一个可能的设计中，所述第一节点根据所述多个定时信息，确定所述第一节点的多个第二下行发送定时；所述第一节点将所述多个第二下行发送定时中的任一个第二下行发送定时，作为所述第一节点的第一下行发送定时。第一节点可有一定的自由度来调整下行发送定时，在一些情况下可能增加资源利用率。
在一个可能的设计中，所述第一指示信息为集合或列表，所述集合或列表包括所述多个第二节点的标识。
在一个可能的设计中，当所述第一节点从所述宿主节点接收第三指示信息时，所述第三指示信息用于指示多个上级节点的信息，所述第一节点更新所述下行发送定时；或者，当所述第一节点从所述多个第二节点接收多个更新的定时信息时，所述第一节点更新所述下行发送定时；或者，当所述下行发送定时与实际发送定时不相等时，所述第一节点更新所述下行发送定时。这样能够及时在出现偏差或者得到最新的指示信息时，更新的下行发送定时，从而保证下行发送定时的准确度。
第二方面，提供一种定时同步方法，该方法的执行主体可以是宿主节点，该宿主节点 下可以接入多个第二节点和第一节点。该方法包括以下步骤，宿主节点获取多个第二节点的信息；所述宿主节点向第一节点发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示多个第二节点的信息，所述第二节点为所述第一节点的上级节点。这样，第一指示信息所指示的第二节点可以是具有更好的定时精度的上级节点，使得第一节点可以有选择的接收定时精度更好的上级节点的定时信息，从而可以提高下行发送定时的精度。使得第一节点可以综合利用多个第二节点的定时信息，确定出的下行发送定时的准确度更高，可以提高下行发送定时的精度。该方法还比较节省第一节点与宿主节点之间的信令交互。
在一个可能的设计中，所述宿主节点向所述第一节点发送第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示以下至少一种信息：所述多个第二节点的定时精度，或者，所述多个第二节点的权值，或者，所述多个第二节点的权重中间值，所述权重中间值用于确定权值，或者，所述多个第二节点的分组的信息，其中，分组与定时精度具有对应关系，或者，所述分组与权重中间值具有对应关系，或者所述分组与权值具有对应关系。通过第二指示信息，可以使得第一节点能够在利用多个第二节点的定时信息确定下行发送定时的过程，可以参考各个第二节点的权值等信息，使得确定出来的下行发送定时更加精确。
在一个可能的设计中，所述宿主节点还可以从第一节点接收多个第二下行发送定时，根据多个第二节点的权值，确定第一下行发送定时，并将第一发送定时发送给所述第一节点。
第三方面，提供一种装置，该装置可以是节点，记为第一节点，也可以是位于节点中的装置，或者是能够和节点匹配使用的装置。一种设计中，该装置可以包括执行第一方面中所描述的方法/操作/步骤/动作所一一对应的模块，该模块可以是硬件电路，也可是软件，也可以是硬件电路结合软件实现。一种设计中，该装置可以包括处理模块和通信模块。处理模块用于调用通信模块执行接收和/或发送的功能。示例性地，
所述通信模块，用于从宿主节点接收第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示多个第二节点的信息，所述第二节点为所述第一节点的上级节点；以及用于从所述多个第二节点接收多个定时信息；
所述处理模块，用于根据所述多个定时信息，确定所述第一节点的第一下行发送定时。
在一个可能的设计中，所述通信模块用于从所述宿主节点接收第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示以下至少一种信息：所述多个第二节点的定时精度，或者，所述多个第二节点的权值，或者，所述多个第二节点的权重中间值，所述权重中间值用于确定权值，或者，所述多个第二节点的分组的信息，其中，分组与定时精度具有对应关系，或者，所述分组与权重中间值具有对应关系，或者所述分组与权值具有对应关系。通过第二指示信息，第一节点能够在利用多个第二节点的定时信息确定下行发送定时的过程，可以参考各个第二节点的权值等信息，使得确定出来的下行发送定时更加精确。
在一个可能的设计中，所述处理模块，用于根据所述多个第二节点的定时精度，确定所述多个第二节点的权值；或者，用于对所述多个第二节点的权重中间值进行归一化处理，获得所述多个第二节点的权值；或者，用于根据所述多个第二节点的分组的信息，确定所述分组中第二节点的权值。
在一个可能的设计中，所述处理模块，用于根据所述多个定时信息，以及，所述多个第二节点的权值，确定所述第一节点的第一下行发送定时；其中，所述多个第二节点与所述多个定时信息对应。通过参考各个第二节点的权值，使得确定出来的下行发送定时更加 精确。
在一个可能的设计中，所述处理模块，用于根据所述多个定时信息，确定所述第一节点的多个第二下行发送定时；以及用于对所述多个第二下行发送定时进行加权平均处理，获得所述第一下行发送定时。通过根据多个第二节点的定时信息确定出多个第二下行发送定时，并将这多个第二下行发送定时加权平均获得最终的下行发送定时，这样，确定出来的下行发送定时可以获得更高的精度。
在一个可能的设计中，所述处理模块，用于按照所述多个第二节点的权值，对所述多个第二下行发送定时进行加权平均处理。权值高比权值低的第二节点的定时信息更有利于提高第一节点的下行发送定时的精度。
在一个可能的设计中，所述处理模块，用于根据所述多个定时信息，确定所述第一节点的多个第二下行发送定时；以及用于确定所述多个第二下行发送定时中的最小值和最大值；以及用于确定所述第一下行发送定时为所述最小值和所述最大值之间的值。第一节点可有一定的自由度来调整下行发送定时，在一些情况下可能增加资源利用率。
在一个可能的设计中，所述处理模块，用于根据所述多个定时信息，确定所述第一节点的多个第二下行发送定时；以及用于将所述多个第二下行发送定时中的任一个第二下行发送定时，作为所述第一节点的第一下行发送定时。第一节点可有一定的自由度来调整下行发送定时，在一些情况下可能增加资源利用率。
在一个可能的设计中，所述第一指示信息为集合或列表，所述集合或列表包括所述多个第二节点的标识。
在一个可能的设计中，当所述通信模块从所述宿主节点接收第三指示信息时，所述第三指示信息用于指示多个上级节点的信息，所述处理模块还用于更新所述下行发送定时；或者，当所述通信模块用于从所述多个第二节点接收多个更新的定时信息时，所述处理模块还用于更新所述下行发送定时；或者，当所述下行发送定时与实际发送定时不相等时，所述处理模块还用于更新所述下行发送定时。这样能够及时在出现偏差或者得到最新的指示信息时，更新的下行发送定时，从而保证下行发送定时的准确度。
第四方面，提供一种装置，该装置可以是节点，记为宿主节点，也可以是位于节点中的装置，或者是能够和节点匹配使用的装置。该装置下可以接入多个第二节点和第一节点。一种设计中，该装置可以包括执行第一方面中所描述的方法/操作/步骤/动作所一一对应的模块，该模块可以是硬件电路，也可是软件，也可以是硬件电路结合软件实现。一种设计中，该装置可以包括处理模块和通信模块。处理模块用于调用通信模块执行接收和/或发送的功能。示例性地，
所述处理模块，用于获取多个第二节点的信息；所述通信模块，用于向第一节点发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示多个第二节点的信息，所述第二节点为所述第一节点的上级节点。这样，第一指示信息所指示的第二节点可以是具有更好的定时精度的上级节点，使得第一节点可以有选择的接收定时精度更好的上级节点的定时信息，从而可以提高下行发送定时的精度。使得第一节点可以综合利用多个第二节点的定时信息，确定出的下行发送定时的准确度更高，可以提高下行发送定时的精度。该方法还比较节省第一节点与宿主节点之间的信令交互。
在一个可能的设计中，所述通信模块，还用于向所述第一节点发送第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示以下至少一种信息：所述多个第二节点的定时精度，或者，所述 多个第二节点的权值，或者，所述多个第二节点的权重中间值，所述权重中间值用于确定权值，或者，所述多个第二节点的分组的信息，其中，分组与定时精度具有对应关系，或者，所述分组与权重中间值具有对应关系，或者所述分组与权值具有对应关系。通过第二指示信息，可以使得第一节点能够在利用多个第二节点的定时信息确定下行发送定时的过程，可以参考各个第二节点的权值等信息，使得确定出来的下行发送定时更加精确。
在一个可能的设计中，所述通信模块还可以从第一节点接收多个第二下行发送定时；所述处理模块还用于根据多个第二节点的权值，确定第一下行发送定时，并将第一发送定时发送给所述第一节点。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种装置，所述装置包括通信接口和处理器，所述通信接口用于该装置与其它设备进行通信，例如数据或信号的收发。示例性的，通信接口可以是收发器、电路、总线、模块或其它类型的通信接口，其它设备可以为宿主节点。处理器用于调用一组程序、指令或数据，执行上述第一方面描述的方法。所述装置还可以包括存储器，用于存储处理器调用的程序、指令或数据。所述存储器与所述处理器耦合，所述处理器执行所述存储器中存储的、指令或数据时，可以实现上述第一方面描述的方法。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供一种装置，所述装置包括通信接口和处理器，所述通信接口用于该装置与其它设备进行通信，例如数据或信号的收发。示例性的，通信接口可以是收发器、电路、总线、模块或其它类型的通信接口，其它设备可以为第一节点，例如IAB节点。处理器用于调用一组程序、指令或数据，执行上述第二方面描述的方法。所述装置还可以包括存储器，用于存储处理器调用的程序、指令或数据。所述存储器与所述处理器耦合，所述处理器执行所述存储器中存储的、指令或数据时，可以实现上述第二方面描述的方法。
第七方面，本申请实施例中还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机存储介质中存储有计算机可读指令，当所述计算机可读指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如第一方面或第一方面中任一种可能的设计中所述的方法。
第八方面，本申请实施例中还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如第二方面或第二方面中任一种可能的设计中所述的方法。
第九方面，本申请实施例提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器，还可以包括存储器，用于实现上述第一方面或第一方面中任一种可能的设计中所述的方法。该芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
第十方面，本申请实施例提供了一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器，还可以包括存储器，用于实现上述第二方面或第二方面中任一种可能的设计中所述的方法。该芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
第十一方面，本申请实施例中还提供一种计算机程序产品，包括指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如第一方面或第一方面中任一种可能的设计中所述的方法，或者执行如第二方面或第二方面中任一种可能的设计中所述的方法。
第十二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种系统，所述系统包括第三方面或者第五方面所述的装置、和第四方面或第六方面所述的装置。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例中通信系统的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例中IAB节点结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例中一个节点具有多个上级节点的示意图；
图4为本申请实施例中定时同步方法的流程示意图；
图5为本申请实施例中第一节点确定下行发送定时的示意图；
图6为本申请实施例中节点0确定下行发送定时的示意图；
图7为本申请实施例中定时同步装置结构示意图之一；
图8为本申请实施例中定时同步装置结构示意图之二。
具体实施方式
本申请实施例提供一种定时同步方法及装置，以期提高中继节点下行发送定时的精度。其中，方法和装置是基于同一发明构思的，由于方法及装置解决问题的原理相似，因此装置与方法的实施可以相互参见，重复之处不再赘述。本申请实施例的描述中，“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。本申请中所涉及的至少一个是指一个或多个；多个，是指两个或两个以上。另外，需要理解的是，在本申请的描述中，“第一”、“第二”等词汇，仅用于区分描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性，也不能理解为指示或暗示顺序。
本申请实施例提供的通信方法可以应用于第四代(4th generation，4G)通信系统，例如长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统；第五代(5th generation，5G)通信系统，例如新无线(new radio，NR)系统；或未来的各种通信系统，例如第六代(6th generation，6G)通信系统。
下面将结合附图，对本申请实施例进行详细描述。
图1为本申请实施例所适用的一种通信系统的结构示意图。在图1所示的通信系统中，给出了IAB系统。一个IAB系统至少包括一个基站100，及基站100所服务的一个或终端101，一个或多个中继节点(relay node，RN)及该中继节点所服务的一个或多个终端。本申请实施例中，中继节点也可以称为中继设备，或者IAB节点，或者IAB设备，或者中继传输接收点(relay transmission and receptio point，rTRP)。
例如，图1所示的IAB系统中，中继节点包括rTRP110、rTRP120和rTRP130，rTRP110所服务的一个或多个终端111，rTRP 120所服务的一个或多个终端121，rTRP 130所服务的一个或多个终端131。通常基站100被称为宿主基站(donor next generation node B，DgNB)，rTRP 110通过无线回程链路113连接到基站100。rTRP 120是通过无线回程链路123连接到中继节点rTRP 110以接入到网络的，rTRP 130是通过无线回程链路133连接到中继节点rTRP 110以接入到网络的，rTRP 120为一个或多个终端121服务，rTRP 130为一个或多个终端131服务。图1中，中继节点rTRP 110和rTRP 120都通过无线回程链路连接到网络。在本申请中，所述无线回程链路都是从中继节点的角度来看的，比如无线回程链路113是中继节点rTRP 110的回程链路，无线回程链路123是中继节点rTRP 120的回程链路。如图1所示，一个中继节点(如120)，可以通过无线回程链路(如123)连接另一个中继节点110，从而连接到网络，而且，中继节点可以经过多级无线中继节点连接到网络。
本申请实施例中，宿主基站也可以称为宿主(donor)节点，或者称为IAB donor。基站包括但不限于：演进型节点B(evolved node base，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station,BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved nodeB，或home node B，HNB)、基带单元(baseband unit，BBU)、或新空口基站(比如gNB)等。
可以理解的是，IAB系统还可以包括更多或更少的中继节点。
通常，把提供无线回程链路资源的节点，如110，称为中继节点120的上级节点，而120则称为中继节点110下级节点。通常，下级节点可以被看作是上级节点的一个终端。应理解，图1所示的IAB系统中，一个中继节点连接一个上级节点，但是在未来的中继系统中，为了提高无线回程链路的可靠性，一个中继节点(如120)可以有多个上级节点同时为其提供服务。如图1中的rTRP 130还可以通过回程链路134连接到中继节点rTRP 120，即，rTRP 110和rTRP 120都为rTRP 130的上级节点。在本申请中，终端101,终端111,终端121,终端131，可以是静止或移动设备。例如移动设备可以是移动电话，智能终端，平板电脑，笔记本电脑，视频游戏控制台，多媒体播放器，甚至是移动的中继节点等。静止设备通常位于固定位置，如计算机，接入点(通过无线链路连接到网络，如静止的中继节点)等。中继节点rTRP 110,120，130的名称并不限制其所部署的场景或网络，可以是比如relay，RN等任何其他名称。本申请使用rTRP仅是方便描述的需要。
在图1中，无线链路102,112,122,132,113,123，133,134可以是双向链路，包括上行和下行传输链路。特别地，无线回程链路113,123，133,134可以用于上级节点为下级节点提供服务，如上级节点100为下级节点110提供无线回程服务。应理解，回程链路的上行和下行可以是分离的，即，上行链路和下行链路不是通过同一个节点进行传输的。下行传输是指上级节点向下级节点传输信息或数据，如节点100向节点110传输信息或数据；上行传输是指下级节点向上级节点传输信息或数据，如节点110向节点100传输信息或数据。所述节点不限于是网络节点还是终端，例如，在D2D场景下，终端可以充当中继节点为其他终端服务。无线回程链路在某些场景下又可以是接入链路，如回程链路123对节点110来说也可以被视作接入链路，回程链路113也是节点100的接入链路。应理解，上述上级节点可以是基站，也可以是中继节点，下级节点可以是中继节点，也可以是具有中继功能的终端，如D2D场景下，下级节点也可以是终端。
在本申请中，基站包括但不限于：演进型节点B(evolved node base，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station,BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved NodeB，或home node B，HNB)、基带单元(baseband Unit，BBU)、eLTE(evolved LTE,eLTE)基站、NR基站(next generation node B,gNB)或者下一代通信系统的基站等。
IAB node是中继节点的特定的名称，不对本申请的方案构成限定，可以是一种具有转发功能的上述基站或者终端设备中的一种，也可以是一种独立的设备形态。在本申请中，IAB node可以泛指任何具有中继功能的节点或设备。比如，IAB节点可以为设置在移动物体上的模块或者装置，移动物体包括但不限于物联网中的设备，例如，汽车、火车、飞机等。本申请中的IAB node和中继节点的使用应理解具有相同的含义。
终端设备包括但不限于：用户设备(user equipment，UE)、移动台、接入终端、用户 单元、用户站、移动站、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理、无线局域网(wireless local access network,WLAN)中的站点(station，ST)、蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字处理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备、连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备、未来5G网络中的移动台以及未来演进的公共陆地移动网络(public land mobile network,PLMN)网络中的终端设备等中的任意一种。
图1中，donor节点是指通过该节点可以接入到核心网的节点，或者是无线接入网的一个锚点基站，通过该锚点基站可以接入到网络。锚点基站负责分组数据汇聚协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)层的数据处理，或者负责接收核心网的数据并转发给中继节点，或者接收中继节点的数据并转发给核心网。
对于任意一个中继节点(或IAB节点)来说，包括两部分，用于实现类似基站的功能和类似终端的功能。可以参照图2所示，IAB节点可以包括移动终端(mobile termination，MT)和分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)两部分。其中，MT是用于实现类似普通终端的功能模块，用于与上级节点通信，例如向上级节点发送上行(UL)数据，从上级节点接收下行(DL)数据。DU是用于实现类似普通基站的功能模块，用于与下级节点通信，例如向下级节点发送下行(DL)数据，从下级节点接收上行(UL)数据。
中继节点(或IAB节点)在接入网络后，需要设置下行发送时间，即需要与上级节点或宿主节点的下行发送定时进行同步。实际应用中，对中继节点的下行定时同步的精度要求比较高，比如在TDD系统，协议规定了小区间定时的最大误差(3us)，IAB节点的下行发送定时也应满足此约束。本申请实施例中，为了在有限的成本下达到定时同步需求，可利用空口信息辅助IAB节点的下行定时同步。
基于上述描述，以下介绍一下本申请实施例的定时同步方法的具体流程。
本申请实施例中，描述了对节点的定时同步方法。其中，节点可以为：基站、中继节点、IAB节点、具有中继功能的终端、或者任何具有中继功能的设备。为更好的理解本申请实施例提供的方法，在对方案进行描述的过程中，涉及举例的描述均以节点为IAB节点为例。
在中继系统中，一个节点可能具有多个上级节点。一个节点具有多个上级节点的一些可能的场景包括：1、多连接的场景，如双连接(DC)；2、上级节点改变，例如从一个上级节点切换到另一个上级节点；3、多TRP传输。当然还可能存在其他场景，或者上述举例的几个场景也可以结合存在。比如说，一个节点由一个上级节点切换至另一个上级节点且保持双连接。一个节点的多个上级节点也可能是多个非同时连接的上级节点，例如，IAB节点从一个上级节点切换至另一个上级节点，则IAB节点存在一个当前上级节点及一个历史上级节点。
当IAB节点存在多个上级节点时，可利用多个上级节点提供的定时信息，得到一个平均后的下行定时量。本发明给出一种方法，IAB节点的可利用多上级节点提高下行定时精度。
在描述本申请实施例之前，先描述IAB节点如何通过一个上级节点确定下行发送定时。
假设第一节点通过一个上级节点来确定下行发送定时。图5为第一节点确定下行发送定时的示意图。时域上的发送位置用0、1、2、3、4、5来表示。
第一节点的DU的下行发送定时可以通过下述方法得到：第一节点的DU的下行发送帧提前于第一节点的MT下行接收帧TA/2+T_delta。或者说，对于一个指定时间单元(例如第i帧、第n子帧或第l符号)，DU的下行发送时间提前于MT的下行接收时间TA/2+T_delta。其中，TA为第一节点的MT上行传输的定时提前量，即第一节点MT的上行发送提前于第一节点MT下行接收的定时提前量。TA的初始值可以由上级节点发送给第一节点，例如，通过MAC CE信令。上级节点可以通过MAC CE信令更新第一节点的TA值。在一些情况下，第一节点所维护的TA值和上级节点为其发送与更新的TA值可能出现一定的偏差，在本申请中，TA一般指第一节点所维护的TA值，但不排除其余的定义。而T_delta是上级节点向第一节点下发的定时调节量，用以弥补TA/2与传输时间Tp的差异。传输时间Tp为第一节点与上级节点之间的传输时间。
因此，上级节点向第一节点发送定时信息中包括定时提前量TA和T_delta，T_delta为定时调节量，用以弥补或修正TA/2与传输时间Tp的差异或误差。第一节点根据MT的下行接收时间、与定时信息(TA/2+T_delta)确定出第一节点DU的下行发送时间。对于第i帧，第一节点MT下行接收时间为T1，那么第一节点DU的下行发送时间T2＝T1-(TA/2+T_delta)。
可选地，T_delta可以有两种定义方法，一种为目标值，另一种为测量值(或称为实际值)。若T_delta为目标值，为了达到更好的同步性能，定时信息(TA/2+T_delta)中的TA应该为定时稳定时MT所维护的TA值，其中，定时稳定是指上级节点接收到的MT上行信号与其上行接收窗完全对齐。然而，MT无法判断定时是否稳定，因此MT可始终采用最新的TA值确定定时信息(TA/2+T_delta)，即定时信息(TA/2+T_delta)中的TA随着MT的TA更新而更新。若T_delta为测量值，则定时信息(TA/2+T_delta)中的T_delta为上级节点根据MT上行信号到达时间测量得到的，此时，定时信息(TA/2+T_delta)中的TA应该为上级节点测量T_delta时，IAB节点MT所维护的TA值。通过实现，上级节点可以使定时信息(TA/2+T_delta)中的TA为IAB节点接收到T_delta时所维护的TA值。
本申请实施例中所提到的T_delta既可以为目标值，也可以为测量值。
示例性地，假设IAB节点在时刻1和时刻2分别维护定时提前量TA(1)和TA(2)，并假设TA(2)具有更高的定时精度。若T_delta为目标值，则上级节点仅发送一个固定的T_delta(0)，在不同的时刻可以得到定时信息(TA(1)/2+T_delta(0))和定时信息(TA(2)/2+T_delta(0))，由于假设TA(2)具有更高的定时精度，可以得到定时信息(TA(2)/2+T_delta(0))更为准确。若T_delta为测量值，则上级节点可以在不同的时刻发送不同的T_delta，例如在时刻1发送T_delta(1)，在时刻2发送T_delta(2)。而定时信息(TA(1)/2+T_delta(1))和定时信息(TA(2)/2+T_delta(2))均表示上级节点对传输时延Tp的估计。因此，当T_delta为测量值时，T_delta是与TA值匹配的，定时信息(TA/2+T_delta)中的TA为IAB节点MT接收到T_delta时维护的TA，后续MT的TA更新不影响定时信息(TA/2+T_delta)。
由上可知，在T_delta的不同定义下，定时信息(TA/2+T_delta)可具有不同的含义，而IAB节点对其的应用方法也可能不同。本申请实施例可以适用上述两种含义中的任一种。
进一步地，在一种可能的实现中，上级节点可以配置T_delta的性质，所述T_delta的性质表示T_delta为目标值或测量值。上级节点可以在下发T_delta时同时携带配置信息，配置信息用于表示该T_delta值的性质。上级节点也可以通过额外的信令指示T_delta值的性质。
进一步地，该配置信息还可以指示IAB节点对定时信息(TA/2+T_delta)中的TA的具体取值方法。例如，所述配置信息可指示IAB节点根据接收到T_delta时维护的TA值确定定时信息(TA/2+T_delta)，或者，配置信息可指示IAB节点根据实时维护的TA值确定定时信息(TA/2+T_delta)。
可选地，第一节点在接收到发送定时信息后将其反馈给上级节点或宿主节点。例如，第一节点收到T_delta后向上级节点或宿主节点反馈T_delta和第一节点当前所维护的TA值，或者，第一节点收到T_delta后向上级节点或宿主节点反馈T_delta和在收到T_delta时维护的TA值，或者，第一节点仅向上级节点或宿主节点反馈当前维护的TA值，或者，第一节点仅向上级节点或宿主节点反馈收到T_delta时维护的TA值。其中，反馈机制可以使上级节点或宿主节点确认发送定时信息的准确性。
理想情况下，第一节点DU的下行发送提前于下行接收的时间为Tp的话，则可以实现与上级节点的同步发送，而TA/2+T_delta代表了上级节点对Tp的估计。在实际应用中，上级节点本身的定时与理想定时可能存在偏差，其次，上级节点所估计的传播时延Tp与真实的传播时延也不会完全相等。因此，如果仅依赖于单个上级节点的定时信息确定第一点的下行发送定时，可能会影响下行发送定时的准确度，第一节点的下行发送定时与理想定时存在偏差。在多跳场景中，此偏差会逐跳传递。
为了进一步提高第一节点下行送定时的准确度，本申请实施例中，可以根据多个第二节点定时信息来综合确定第一节点下行送定时。具体如下：
如图3所示，为一个节点具有多个上级节点的示意图。节点0是需要确定下行发送定时的节点，节点1、节点2、节点3和节点4均为节点0的上级节点。上级节点最终与宿主(donor)节点连接。应注意，图3仅为一个示例，在实际中，上级节点也可以为宿主(donor)节点，或者不同的上级节点可能与不同的donor节点连接。
参阅图4所示，本申请实施例中，定时同步方法的具体流程如下所述。该方法的执行主体为第一节点和宿主节点(donor node)，第二节点为第一节点的上级节点。第一节点、第二节点和宿主节点可以为：基站、中继节点、IAB节点、具有中继功能的终端、或者任何具有中继功能的设备。
S401、宿主节点向第一节点发送第一指示信息，第一节点从宿主节点接收第一指示信息。
该第一指示信息用于指示一个或多个第二节点的信息。
在一个可能的实施方式中，该第一指示信息包括一个或多个第二节点的标识。比如，第一指示信息为集合或列表，集合或列表中包括该多个第二节点的标识。
例如，IAB节点在接入网络后，宿主节点向该IAB节点发送第一指示信息，来指示多个上级节点的信息。
该第一指示信息还可以用于指示第一节点接收该多个第二节点的定时信息。
该第一指示信息所指示的多个第二节点可作为第一节点下行发送的定时参考节点。若某一个第二节点为第一节点的定时参考节点，则第一节点可利用此第二节点发送的定时信息确定下行发送定时。
S402、所述一个或多个第二节点向第一节点发送定时信息，第一节点从该一个或多个第二节点接收多个定时信息。
图4中以一个第二节点为示例。
其中，第一节点根据第一指示信息指示的多个第二节点，从该多个第二节点中的每一个第二节点均接收定时信息。
实际应用中，可能有更多的第二节点向第一节点发送定时信息。例如，第一指示信息用于指示N个第二节点的信息，有M个第二节点向第一节点发送定时信息。M和N均为正整数。第一节点根据第一指示信息，从N个第二节点来接收定时信息。或者，第一节点从M个第二节点来接收定时信息，但是忽略或放弃未被第一指示信息所指示的节点的定时信息。例如，这M个和N个第二节点可以是：第一节点当前连接的上级节点，或者第一节点曾经连接过的上级节点，或第一节点可能进行切换的目标节点。
第一节点可以按照第一指示信息选择N个第二节点，也可以按照下述1)-3)方式选择能够用于确定下行发送定时的第二节点，比如：
1)第一节点仅利用当前连接或连接过的N1个上级节点确定第一节点的下行发送定时。并且这些N1个上级节点为第一节点提供过定时信息。N1<＝N。
或者，2)当N个节点中包含未连接过的上级节点时，第一节点可在连接后并且获取到定时信息后，采用此上级节点的定时信息确定下行发送定时。
或者，3)第一节点利用N个上级节点中为其提供过定时信息的N2个上级节点进行下行发送定时设置，N2<＝N。
示例性地，如图3所示，节点1～节点4均向节点0发送定时信息，但是节点0只获取其中的节点2和节点3的定时信息，根据节点2和节点3的定时信息来确定下行发送定时。
本申请实施例中，定时信息包括定时提前量(timing advance，TA)或定时偏移量T_delta中的一种或多种，其中，TA和T_delta的定义可以参考本申请的描述或者参考本申请之前公开的标准提案或标准协议的描述。
应理解，当某一个第二节点不是第一节点的定时参考节点时，仅表示第一节点不利用该第二节点的定时信息确定下行发送定时。然而，第一节点仍然需要利用该第二节点提供的部分定时信息(例如TA)确定上行发送定时。
在一种可能的实施方式中，宿主节点也可以针对每一个第二节点发送专用的指示信息，用于指示第一节点是否利用该第二节点的定时信息，或者用于指示该第二节点是否向第一节点提供定时信息。例如，当IAB节点接入一个上级节点时，例如接入上级节点a，宿主节点向该上级节点a发送一个指示信息，该指示信息用于指示IAB节点是否利用该上级节点a的定时信息。
S403、第一节点根据接收到的多个定时信息，确定第一节点的下行发送定时。
为作区分，将最终确定的第一节点的下行发送定时记为第一下行发送定时。
第一节点从多个第二节点接收多个定时信息，针对每一个从第二节点接收的定时信息，确定一个下行发送定时，记为第二下行发送定时。这样，对于多个第二节点的多个定时信息，第一节点可以确定出多个第二下行发送定时。
在一种可能的实现中，第一节点仅针对列表中的N个第二节点确定第二下行发送定时。若其中部分第二节点未提供定时信息，第一节点将其忽略。
对于S401中宿主节点指示的多个第二节点的信息，第二节点的数目可以配置一个最大值，即donor节点不会指示超过最大值的上级节点数目。或者，当donor节点指示的第二节点数目大于最大值时，第一节点将部分上级节点移出列表或集合。例如，第一节点可以忽略最新配置的上级节点，或忽略最早被配置的上级节点，或者忽略掉较低精度的上级 节点。关于精度的解释及相关内容参照后面的描述。
最简单的情况，donor节点仅为第一节点指示一个定时上级节点，则在切换时，第一节点仅利用之前配置的上级节点或新切换后上级节点的定时信息。
在一种可能的实现中，每次切换时donor节点均会通知第一节点是否保留之前的定时信息。
在一种可能的实现中，第一节点向donor节点上报其当前的第二节点的列表或集合。例如，当第一节点的donor节点发生改变时，新的donor节点可能不知道第一节点的多个第二节点的信息，则通过上报使得新的donor节点获得这个信息。
当第一节点的donor节点发送改变时，一种可能的方法是，第一节点忽略之前被指示的所有第二节点。采用新的donor下发的指示信息指示的第二节点。
第一节点根据多个第二下行发送定时，确定第一节点的第一下行发送定时。本申请实施例可以提供两种可选的方式。
方式一，第一节点对多个第二下行发送定时进行加权平均处理，获得该第一下行发送定时。
其中，在进行加权平均处理的过程中，第一节点可以按照多个第二节点的权值，对多个第二下行发送定时进行加权平均处理。多个第二节点与多个定时信息一一对应，因此多个第二节点的权值也可以认为是多个定时信息的权值。
例如，多个第二节点的数目用N表示，第一下行发送定时可以按照下述公式(1)或公式(2)来计算。
TT a＝∑ nw n·TT n  公式(1)
其中，TT a为第一下行发送定时，TT n为第二下行发送定时，w n为第二节点的权值。n为多个第二下行发送定时的索引号，取值可以为0、1、2……，或者，1、2、3……。
TT {1,2，N}＝w 1·TT 1+w 2·TT 2+…+w N·TT N＝TT 0+w 1·E 1+w 2E 2++…w NE N  公式(2)
其中，TT {1,2，N}为第一下行发送定时，TT i为编号为i的第二下行发送定时，i＝1，2…N。例如，TT 1为第一节点根据编号为1的第二节点计算出来的第二下行发送定时，w i为编号为i的第二节点的权值，或者w i为编号为i的第二下行发送定时的权值，或者w i为编号为i的定时信息的权值，i＝1，2…N。TT 0为理想的下行发送定时，E i为编号为i的第二下行发送定时的误差，i＝1，2…N。w 1+w 2+…+w N＝1。
方式二，确定多个第二下行发送定时中的最小值和最大值；确定第一下行发送定时为该最小值和该最大值之间的值。
通过公式表示可以为公式(3)。
min{TT 1,…,TT N}≤TT a≤max{TT 1,…,TT N}  公式(3)
min表示最小值，max表示最大值。TT a为第一下行发送定时，TT i为编号为i的第二下行发送定时，i＝1，2…N。例如，TT 1为第一节点根据编号为1的第二节点计算出来的第二下行发送定时。
第一节点确定的第一下行发送定时位于多个第二下行发送定时中的最小值与最大值之间。这样，第一节点有一定的自由度来调整下行发送定时，在一些情况下可能增加资源利用率。
或者说，第一节点可以将多个第二下行发送定时中的任意一个下行发送定时，作为第一节点的第一下行发送定时。
在一种可能的实施方式中，第一节点可能获得除第二节点之外的其它定时源的定时信息，例如，全球定位系统(global positioning systems，GPS)。那么，第一节点可以结合其它定时源的定时信息和从第二节点接收的定时信息，来共同确定第一下行发送定时。例如，第一节点可以根据其它定时源的定时信息确定一个下行发送定时，记为TT x。
基于TT x：
上述方式一可以演变为，第一节点对多个第二下行发送定时和TT x进行加权平均处理，获得该第一下行发送定时。
公式(2)可以演变为公式(4)。
TT {1,2，N+1}＝w 1·TT 1+w 2·TT 2+…+w N·TT N+w x·TT x＝TT 0+w 1·E 1+w 2E 2++…w NE N+w xE x  公式(4)
上述方式二可以演变为，确定多个第二下行发送定时和TT x中的最小值和最大值；确定第一下行发送定时为该最小值和该最大值之间的任意值，也可以是该最小值或最大值。
公式(3)可以演变为，min{TT 1,…,TT N,TT x}≤TT a≤max{TT 1,…,TT N,TT x}
以下来描述第一节点获取多个第二节点的权值的一些可能的实施方式。
一种可能的实现方式，所述权值信息预存储在第一节点中。例如，权值信息可以以列表或者集合的形式存储，比如，4个第二节点的权值分别对应{1，2，3，4}。
一种可能的实施方式中，宿主节点向第一节点发送指示信息，记为第二指示信息。第一节点从宿主节点接收第二指示信息。可选的，第一指示信息和第二指示信息可以携带在同一个消息中，也可以分别携带于不同的消息中。也可以针对每一个第二节点发送一个第二指示信息。
第二指示信息用于指示以下至少一种信息：多个第二节点的定时精度、多个第二节点的权值、多个第二节点的权重中间值、或者多个第二节点的分组的信息、或者第二节点的跳数，第二节点距离包含准确时钟源(例如GPS)节点的跳数等。
应理解，在一种可能的实现方式中，上述第二节点的定时信息中的部分或全部也可以由第二节点直接发送给第一节点。
其中，该权重中间值用于确定权值。权重中间值是量化后的结果，可以是固定的几个取值，例如{1，2，3，4}或{1,2,4}等形式。宿主节点向第一节点发送权重中间值，第一节点从宿主节点接收权重中间值，对这些权重中间值进行归一化处理，获得该多个第二节点的权值。例如，对于上级节点1和上级节点2，宿主节点向第一节点发送这两个上级节点的权值分别为c_1和c_2，则第一节点可计算归一化的权值为w_1＝c_1/(c_1+c_2)和w_2＝c_2/(c_1+c_2)。
或者，宿主节点对多个第二节点对应的权重中间值进行归一化处理，得到多个第二节点的权值，宿主节点直接向第一节点发送多个第二节点的权值。
多个第二节点的定时精度的通知方法类似于权重中间值的通知方法，即规定若干固定的精度取值，例如{0，1，2}、{0，1，2，3}或{0，1，2，4}等形式。第一节点可根据第二节点的定时精度确定下行定时。
在一种可能的实现中，第二指示信息指示一个第二节点具有最低的定时精度等级，或者指示此第二级节点对应的权重或权重中间值为0，此时，第一节点不利用此第二节点提供的定时信息确定下行发送定时。
在一种可能的实现中，不同的定时精度指示了上级节点的误差范围，例如L0表示定时误差的绝对值大于(或大于等于)X1微秒，L1表示定时误差绝对值大于(或大于等于)X2微秒小于(或小于等于)X1微秒，L2表示定时误差绝对值大于(或大于等于)X3微秒小于(或小于等于)X2微秒，L3表示定时误差绝对值小于(或小于等于)X3微秒，其中，X1>X2>X3。例如X1＝3，X2＝2以及X3＝1，或者X1＝1.5，X2＝1以及X3＝0.5。
可得到如下的表格：
误差等级 表示的误差范围(单位：微秒)
L0 E>X1
L1 X2<E<X1
L2 X3<E<X2
L3 E<X3
其中，表格中的大于和小于可分别替换为大于等于和小于等于。上述示例给出了4个定时精度等级的情况，实现中，基于同样的准则，可能定义更多或更少的定时精度等级。
应理解，这里的误差范围表示第二节点相对理想下行定时或相对于一个参考下行定时的误差，理想下行定时表示TT 0，参考下行定时可以包括第二节点的上级节点的下行发送定时。
在另一种可能的实现中，第二指示信息还包括了第二节点下行发送定时的稳定性等级，下行发送定时稳定性表示了第二节点进行下行信号时定时的波动情况。例如，当第二节点具有较高的下行发送定时稳定性时，第二节点进行下行信号发送的时间不会出现较大变化，而当第二节点具有较低的下行发送定时稳定性时，其下行信号的发送时间可能会变化。
应理解，定时精度和定时稳定性可以分别定义，也可以联合定义。
在一种可能的实现中，第一节点或第二节点向宿主节点上报其定时精度等级或定时稳定性等级。
当宿主节点向第一节点发送的第二指示信息用于指示多个第二节点的定时精度时，第一节点可以根据多个第二节点的定时精度，计算或确定多个第二节点的权值。若宿主节点仅向第一节点指示多个第二节点的定时精度，则第一节点可以按照上述方式一或方式二计算第一节点的第一下行发送定时。
宿主节点能够获知多个第二节点的定时精度，但是不同第二节点到第一节点可能有不同的信道质量，造成第一节点和上级节点(即第二节点)对定时信息的估计精度有差异。因此，即使宿主节点提供了上级节点的定时精度，第一节点也不一定会严格按照精度设定权值。或者说，按照精度设置权值是一种可选的方法。
宿主(donor)节点对第一节点的上级节点的定时精度具有一定的先验知识，例如donor节点知道各节点是否存在GPS，上级节点在多跳中跳数等。
当宿主节点向第一节点发送的第二指示信息用于指示多个第二节点的分组的信息时，不同的分组具有不同的定时精度、权重中间值或权值。分组与定时精度具有对应关系，或者，分组与权重中间值具有对应关系，或者分组与权值具有对应关系。即同一个分组中的第二节点具有相同或相近的定时精度，或者具有相同或相近的权值中间值，或者具有相同 或相近的权值。这种情况下，第二指示信息的表现形式可以是：
定时节点组1：{上级节点ID列表}
定时节点组2：{上级节点ID列表}
....
定时节点组p：{上级节点ID列表}
定时节点组1～定时节点组p表示不同的分组，每一个分组中包括一个或多个第二节点(即上级节点)，可以通过列表或集合的形式表示，列表或集合中包括上级节点的标识，例如ID。
其中，在一种可能的实施方式中，每个分组有预定义的权值，例如定时节点组1和定时节点组2的权值分别为2和1。在另一种可能的实施方式中，定时节点组1的精度(或权值或权重中间值)为定时节点组2的大约2倍。可选的，协议可以仅规定多个分组之间精度的大小关系、或权值的大小关系、或权重中间值的大小关系。例如，协议规定定时节点组1比定时节点组2具有更高的精度。
此外，宿主节点还可以向第一节点通知以下关于第二节点的信息：第二节点的时间参考可用或不可用，第二节点的频率参考可用或不可用，第二节点进行定时保持态。在这里，第二节点进入定时保持态表示第二节点失去了外部的定时参考(例如GPS、1588定时协议、本申请所述空口定时方法)，仅依靠本地时钟进行定时。
应理解，在一种可能的实现方式中，上述第二节点的定时信息中的部分或全部也可以由第二节点直接发送给第一节点。
下面描述一下第一节点根据多个第二节点的定时信息确定第二下行定时的可选实现方式。
如图6所示，以两个第二节点为例，在描述方法过程中，第一节点用节点0表示，两个第二节点用上级节点1和上级节点2表示。
节点0可分别接收上级节点1和上级节点2的物理信道和参考信号，从而分别获取到上级节点1和上级节点2的接收定时。上级节点1和上级节点2分别对节点0发送定时信息，例如发送TA和T_delta。节点0可以按照上述图5所描述的方法，根据定时信息确定下行发送定时(即上述第二下行发送定时)。则节点0可获取到两个下行发送定时，在图6中两个下行发送定时表示为TT1和TT2其中，TT1为通过节点1计算确定的下行发送定时，TT2为通过节点2计算确定的下行发送定时。
如前文所述，根据上级节点得到的下行发送定时可能存在误差，假设节点0的理想下行发送时刻为TT0，假设TT1和TT2的误差E1和E2。则按照上述公式(2)，节点0根据加权平均的方法提高下行发送定时的准确度。
TT {1,2}＝w 1·TT 1+w 2·TT 2＝TT 0+w 1·E 1+w 2E 2  公式(5)
其中，TT {1,2}为节点0确定的第一下行发送定时，w 1为节点1的权值，w 2为节点2的权值。
通过对节点1和节点2设置合理的权值，节点0的下行发送定时精度可以得到提升。
当然，节点0也可以确定TT1和TT2的大小关系，将第一下行发送定时设置在TT1和TT2之间的值。
在另一种可能的实施方式中，第一节点接收上级节点k的下行接收定时可记为RT k，而根据上级节点n计算得到的下行发送定时可记为TT n。应注意，TT n仅为第一节点根据上 级节点发送的定时信息计算得到的下行发送定时(即上文描述的第二下行发送定时)，第一节点实际下行发送时刻可能跟TT n有一定的误差。当k＝n时，有
Figure PCTCN2019109634-appb-000001
这里的TA和T delta均由节点k(也是节点n)提供。应注意，这里的下行接收时间和下行发送时间对应于同样的时间单元，例如同一无线帧。
当k不等于n时，第一节点可计算RT k-TT n，即计算节点k的下行接收定时和由节点n确定的下行发送时间的定时差。为实现加权平均定时差，可固定一个上级节点的下行接收定时作为参考时间。
在一种可能的实现中，对于切换的多上级节点场景，第一节点的当前连接节点可作为参考定时节点。而对于多连接场景，第一节点可通过协议规则或配置信息确定参考下行定时，或者，第一节点自行确定下行接收定时的参考节点。
在另一种可能的实现中，donor节点为IAB节点指示或配置可用于确定下行接收定时的参考节点，即指示第一节点确定下行接收定时RT k的节点k。当donor节点未配置此信息时，IAB节点将当前连接上级节点作为确定下行接收定时的参考节点。
为实现多上级节点平均，宿主节点可指示第一节点上报时间差，或同时也指示上级节点上报部分时间差。例如，上级节点k可上报其估计的与第一节点之间的传播时延Tp，Tp等于时间差RT k-TT k。在接收到上报信息后，宿主节点可更新一个时间差。该时间差是宿主节点对多个上级节点定时平均后得到。
例如第一节点有两个上级节点的情况，第一节点的下行发送定时可通过如下方式实现：
RT 1-TT {1,2}＝w 1(RT 1-TT 1)+w 2(RT 1-TT 2)＝(w 1+w 2)RT 1-w 1TT 1-w 2TT 2  公式(6)
w 1+w 2＝1，可知公式(6)和公式(2)等价。即根据公式(6)和公式(2)确定的第一下行发送定时是相同的。
如上文所述，第一节点可以从宿主节点接收各个第二节点的权值、定时精度或权重中间值等信息，第一节点根据这些信息中的某一种或多种来确定第二节点的权值，再根据多个第二节点的权值，对多个第二下行发送定时进行加权平均，从而获得更精确的第一下行发送定时。可选的一个实施方式中，也可以通过宿主节点来执行此操作过程，那么宿主节点就需要获得第一节点计算的多个第二下行发送定时。第一节点向宿主节点发送多个第二下行发送定时，宿主节点从第一节点接收多个第二下行发送定时，根据多个第二节点的权值，对多个第二下行发送定时进行加权平均，从而获得更精确的第一下行发送定时。这种实施方式中，宿主节点就不需要向第一节点发送各个第二节点的权值、定时精度或权重中间值等信息。
如上文所述，宿主节点向第一节点发送第一指示信息，用于指示多个第二节点的信息，第一节点接收多个第二节点的定时信息，并根据该多个第二节点的定时信息确定第一节点的第一下行发送定时。在另一个可能的实施方式中，宿主节点也可以向第一节点的上级节点发送指示信息，记为第三指示信息。第三指示信息可以与第二指示信息类似，用于指示多个第二节点的信息。第二节点根据该第三指示信息，判断自己是否属于第三指示信息指示的多个第二节点里，如果在在向第一节点发送定时信息，如果不在，则不向第一节点发送定时信息。宿主节点向第一节点的上级节点发送第三指示信息的时机可以是，当第一节点接入第二节点时，宿主节点向该第二节点发送第三指示信息。
可选的，当一个第一节点初始接入网络时，上级节点始终为其发送定时信息。
宿主节点也可以向第一节点发送第一指示信息并向第二节点发送第三指示信息。
在一个可能实施方式中，第一节点的下行发送定时基于一定的参考信号或TRP(用于确定接收时间RT)。
当第一节点从一个上级节点获取定时信息时，定时信息中的TA应基于一定的波束对来得到。这里的波束对包括第一节点获取接收定时所采用的上级节点物理信道/物理信号(例如SSB和CSI-RS)的QCL信息，也包括第一节点发送上行物理信道/参考信号(例如RACH和SRS)的空间信息或波束信息。
此外，一个上级节点可能会对第一节点进行多TRP传输。此时，第一节点的下行发送定时可基于多TRP中的特定的一个或多个TRP提供的定时信息，这里特定的一个或多个TRP可由上级节点或donor节点配置，也可以是第一节点自行选择的。
在上述实施例中，第一节点会确定下行发送定时TT a，或者，第一节点获取到定时差RT n-TT a，进而推断出TT a。将上述下行发送定时TT a和定时差RT n-TT a称为标称发送定时和标称定时差。第一节点会根据标称定时或标称定时差设置实际下行发送定时或实际下行发送定时差。下面以定时差为例进行描述。
在以下情况下，第一节点的标称定时差和实际定时差会不相等：
情况1.第一节点或上级节点定时漂移，实际定时差变化；定时漂移是指由于第一节点或上级节点时钟的非理想性，造成信号发送时间出现缓慢变化。定时漂移的情况也可以包括：第一节点根据确定出来的第一下行发送定时发送信号，当发送信号的实际发送时刻与该第一下行发送定时不一致。
情况2.上级节点为第一节点重发定时信息(T_delta或TA)，标称定时差变化；
情况3.Donor节点为第一节点重发第一指示信息，即重配上级节点的列表或集合，标称定时差变化。
凡是出现标称定时差和实际定时差不相等的情况，第一节点应调节实际定时差，使其等于标称定时差。
应理解，在一些情况下，第一节点的标称发送定时或标称定时差处于一个范围，则当实际发送定时或实际发送定时差超过此范围时，第一节点进行实际定时差的调节。
应理解，上述实际定时(或定时差)等于标称定时(或定时差)或在标称定时(或定时差)范围内可以是包含一定的误差。例如，仅当实际定时(或定时差)与标称定时(或定时差)的差距大于一定误差数值(例如64Tc)时，第一节点认为实际定时与标称定时不相等，或者，仅当实际定时(或定时差)超过标称定时(或定时差)范围一定误差数值(例如64Tc)时，第一节点认为实际定时超过了标称定时范围。上述误差数值可以由协议定义，也可以由donor节点或上级节点配置。
在本申请中，Tc为时间单位的示例。Tc为NR中的一个基本的时间单位，Tc＝1/(480e3*4096)秒。
但应注意，第一节点调节实际定时差等效于第一节点调节下行发送定时。而下行发送定时的调制可能会影响到下级节点或接入的终端的性能。因此，协议应定义第一节点调节实际定时或实际定时差的速度。
具体地，可定义在一段时间内(例如100ms)可调节的最大时间差(例如128Tc)，防止第一节点调整定时的速度过快。同时还可额外定义一段时间内(例如100ms)需调节的 最小时间差(例如16Tc)，防止第一节点对定时变化的响应过慢。
应理解，对于一个标称的下行发送时间，第一节点可根据不同的上级节点或上级节点不同的物理信号/信道计算出不同的标称时间差。因此，为了稳定下行发送时间，当第一节点出现节点切换或波束切换等改变接收定时的行为时，应根据切换后的节点或波束重新计算标称定时差，用于下行定时的维护。
在上述实施例中，IAB节点通过从多个上级节点获取多个定时信息(TA/2+T_delta)，得到多个第二下行发送定时TT n，再根据多个第二下行发送定时TT n得到第一下行发送定时。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，IAB节点也可以从同一个上级节点获取到多个定时信息(TA(m)/2+T_delta(m))，得到多个第三定时信息TT(m)，再根据多个第三下行发送定时TT(m)得到第一下行发送定时。其中，所述多个定时信息(TA(m)/2+T_delta(m))表示同一个上级节点在不同条件下为IAB节点提供的定时信息。比如，不同条件包括以下任一种或多种：不同时刻，不同波束，不同传输配置指示状态TCI state，不同准共址QCL，不同参考信号或物理信号，不同TRP。在不同条件下T_delta(m)可以具有不同的取值，也可以具有相同的取值。
示例性地，上级节点可以在M个时刻发送M个T_delta(m)，分别记为T_delta(0)，…，T_delta(M-1)，IAB节点获取到M个对应的下行定时信息(TA(m)/2+T_delta(m))，其中的TA(m)表示接收到T_delta(m)时，IAB节点所维护的TA值。
在另一个示例中，上级节点发送一个T_delta’值，并通过额外信令指示M个时刻的TA取值TA(m)，而后IAB节点获取到M个下行定时信息(TA(m)/2+T_delta(m))，其中T_delta(m)＝T_delta’。
进一步地，上级节点可添加和删除IAB节点所维护的多个下行定时信息(TA(m)/2+T_delta(m))。添加下行定时信息(TA(m)/2+T_delta(m))可通过额外配置T_delta(m)取值或TA(m)取值完成，删除下行定时信息(TA(m)/2+T_delta(m))可通过释放已配置T_delta(m)取值或TA(m)取值完成。
可选的，上述M个时刻也可替换为M个时间区间，或者上述不同条件中所提到的其他条件，比如，不同波束、不同TCI state。
当获取到多个定时信息(TA(m)/2+T_delta(m))后，IAB节点可以采用与上述实施例获取多个第二下行定时相同的方法获取到多个第三下行定时，或者IAB节点可采用与前述实施例相同的方法获取到多个定时时间差。然后，IAB节点可通过加权平均等方法获取到标称的下行发送定时或标称定时差。
上述本申请提供的实施例中，分别从第一节点、宿主节点、以及第一节点和宿主节点之间交互的角度对本申请实施例提供的方法进行了介绍。为了实现上述本申请实施例提供的方法中的各功能，第一节点和宿主节点可以包括硬件结构和/或软件模块，以硬件结构、软件模块、或硬件结构加软件模块的形式来实现上述各功能。上述各功能中的某个功能以硬件结构、软件模块、还是硬件结构加软件模块的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。
如图7所示，基于同一技术构思，本申请实施例还提供了一种装置700，该装置700可以是第一节点或宿主节点，也可以是第一节点或宿主节点中的装置，或者是能够和第一节点或宿主节点匹配使用的装置。一种设计中，该装置700可以包括执行上述方法实施例中第一节点或宿主节点执行的方法/操作/步骤/动作所一一对应的模块，该模块可以是硬件 电路，也可是软件，也可以是硬件电路结合软件实现。一种设计中，该装置可以包括处理模块701和通信模块702。
当用于执行第一节点执行的方法时：
通信模块702，用于从宿主节点接收第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示多个第二节点的信息，所述第二节点为所述第一节点的上级节点；以及用于从所述多个第二节点接收多个定时信息；
处理模块701，用于用于根据所述多个定时信息，确定所述第一节点的第一下行发送定时。
处理模块701和通信模块702还可以用于执行上述方法实施例终端设备执行的其它对应的步骤或操作，在此不再一一赘述。
当用于执行宿主节点执行的方法时：
处理模块701，用于获取多个第二节点的信息。
通信模块702，用于向第一节点发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示多个第二节点的信息，所述第二节点为所述第一节点的上级节点。
处理模块701和通信模块702还可以用于执行上述方法实施例网络设备执行的其它对应的步骤或操作，在此不再一一赘述。
本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能模块可以集成在一个处理器中，也可以是单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上模块集成在一个模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。
如图8所示为本申请实施例提供的装置800，用于实现上述方法中第一节点或宿主节点的功能。当实现宿主节点的功能时，该装置可以是宿主节点，也可以是宿主节点中的装置,或者是能够和宿主节点匹配使用的装置。当实现第一节点的功能时，该装置可以是第一节点，也可以是第一节点中的装置,或者是能够和第一节点匹配使用的装置。其中，该装置可以为芯片系统。本申请实施例中，芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。装置800包括至少一个处理器820，用于实现本申请实施例提供的方法中第一节点或宿主节点的功能。装置800还可以包括通信接口810。在本申请实施例中，通信接口可以是收发器、电路、总线、模块或其它类型的通信接口，用于通过传输介质和其它设备进行通信。例如，通信接口810用于装置800中的装置可以和其它设备进行通信。示例性地，装置800是宿主节点时，该其它设备可以是第一节点。装置800是第一节点时，该其它装置可以是宿主节点。处理器820利用通信接口810收发数据，并用于实现上述方法实施例所述的方法。示例性地，当实现宿主节点的功能时，处理器820用于获取多个第二节点的信息。通信接口810用于向第一节点发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示多个第二节点的信息，所述第二节点为所述第一节点的上级节点。当实现第一节点的功能时，通信接口810用于从宿主节点接收第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示多个第二节点的信息，所述第二节点为所述第一节点的上级节点；以及用于从所述多个第二节点接收多个定时信息。处理器820用于根据所述多个定时信息，确定所述第一节点的第一下行发送定时，具体参见方法示例中的详细描述，此处不做赘述。
装置800还可以包括至少一个存储器830，用于存储程序指令和/或数据。存储器830和处理器820耦合。本申请实施例中的耦合是装置、单元或模块之间的间接耦合或通信连 接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式，用于装置、单元或模块之间的信息交互。处理器820可能和存储器830协同操作。处理器820可能执行存储器830中存储的程序指令。所述至少一个存储器中的至少一个可以包括于处理器中。
本申请实施例中不限定上述通信接口810、处理器820以及存储器830之间的具体连接介质。本申请实施例在图8中以存储器830、处理器820以及通信接口810之间通过总线840连接，总线在图8中以粗线表示，其它部件之间的连接方式，仅是进行示意性说明，并不引以为限。所述总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示，图8中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
在本申请实施例中，处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器、专用集成电路、现场可编程门阵列或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件，可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。
在本申请实施例中，存储器可以是非易失性存储器，比如硬盘(hard disk drive，HDD)或固态硬盘(solid-state drive，SSD)等，还可以是易失性存储器(volatile memory)，例如随机存取存储器(random-access memory，RAM)。存储器是能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。本申请实施例中的存储器还可以是电路或者其它任意能够实现存储功能的装置，用于存储程序指令和/或数据。
装置700和装置800具体是芯片或者芯片系统时，通信模块702和通信接口810所输出或接收的可以是基带信号。装置700和装置800具体是设备时，通信模块702和通信接口810所输出或接收的可以是射频信号。
本申请实施例提供了一种计算机存储介质，存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序包括用于执行上述实施例提供的定时同步方法的指令。
本申请实施例提供了一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述实施例提供的定时同步方法。
本申请实施例还提供了一种芯片，该芯片包括处理器和接口电路，该接口电路和该处理器耦合，该处理器用于运行计算机程序或指令，以实现上述定时同步方法，该接口电路用于与该芯片之外的其它模块进行通信。
本申请实施例提供的方法中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本发明实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、网络设备、用户设备或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，简称DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机可以存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如， 软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，数字视频光盘(digital video disc，简称DVD))、或者半导体介质(例如,SSD)等。
在本申请实施例中，在无逻辑矛盾的前提下，各实施例之间可以相互引用，例如方法实施例之间的方法和/或术语可以相互引用，例如装置实施例之间的功能和/或术语可以相互引用，例如装置实施例和方法实施例之间的功能和/或术语可以相互引用。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请实施例进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请实施例的精神和范围。这样，倘若本申请实施例的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims (28)

  1. 一种定时同步方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一节点从宿主节点接收第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示多个第二节点的信息，所述第二节点为所述第一节点的上级节点；
    所述第一节点从所述多个第二节点接收多个定时信息；
    所述第一节点根据所述多个定时信息，确定所述第一节点的第一下行发送定时。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一节点从所述宿主节点接收第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示以下至少一种信息：
    所述多个第二节点的定时精度，或者，
    所述多个第二节点的权值，或者，
    所述多个第二节点的权重中间值，所述权重中间值用于确定权值，或者，
    所述多个第二节点的分组的信息，其中，分组与定时精度具有对应关系，或者，所述分组与权重中间值具有对应关系，或者所述分组与权值具有对应关系。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一节点根据所述多个第二节点的定时精度，确定所述多个第二节点的权值；或者，
    所述第一节点对所述多个第二节点的权重中间值进行归一化处理，获得所述多个第二节点的权值；或者，
    所述第一节点根据所述多个第二节点的分组的信息，确定所述分组中第二节点的权值。
  4. 如权利要求1～3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一节点根据所述多个定时信息，确定所述第一节点的第一下行发送定时，具体包括：
    所述第一节点根据所述多个定时信息，以及，所述多个第二节点的权值，确定所述第一节点的第一下行发送定时；其中，所述多个第二节点与所述多个定时信息对应。
  5. 如权利要求1～4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一节点根据所述多个定时信息，确定所述第一节点的第一下行发送定时，包括：
    所述第一节点根据所述多个定时信息，确定所述第一节点的多个第二下行发送定时；
    所述第一节点对所述多个第二下行发送定时进行加权平均处理，获得所述第一下行发送定时。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一节点对所述多个第二下行发送定时进行加权平均处理，包括：
    所述第一节点按照所述多个第二节点的权值，对所述多个第二下行发送定时进行加权平均处理。
  7. 如权利要求1～3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一节点根据所述多个定时信息，确定所述第一节点的第一下行发送定时，包括：
    所述第一节点根据所述多个定时信息，确定所述第一节点的多个第二下行发送定时；
    所述第一节点确定所述多个第二下行发送定时中的最小值和最大值；
    所述第一节点确定所述第一下行发送定时为所述最小值和所述最大值之间的任意值。
  8. 如权利要求1～3任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一节点根据所述多个定时信息，确定所述第一节点的第一下行发送定时，包括：
    所述第一节点根据所述多个定时信息，确定所述第一节点的多个第二下行发送定时；
    所述第一节点将所述多个第二下行发送定时中的任一个第二下行发送定时，作为所述第一节点的第一下行发送定时。
  9. 如权利要求1～8任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息为集合或列表，所述集合或列表包括所述多个第二节点的标识。
  10. 如权利要求1～9任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，
    当所述第一指示信息所指示的多个上级节点更新时，所述第一节点根据所述更新后的多个上级节点，更新所述第一下行发送定时；
    或者，当所述第一节点从所述多个第二节点接收多个更新的定时信息时，所述第一节点根据所述多个更新的定时信息，更新所述第一下行发送定时。
  11. 如权利要求1～9任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一节点根据所述第一下行发送定时发送信号；
    当发送所述信号的实际发送时刻与所述第一下行发送定时不一致时，所述第一节点更新所述第一下行发送定时。
  12. 一种定时同步方法，其特征在，包括：
    宿主节点获取多个第二节点的信息；
    所述宿主节点向第一节点发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示多个第二节点的信息，所述第二节点为所述第一节点的上级节点。
  13. 如权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述宿主节点向所述第一节点发送第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示以下至少一种信息：
    所述多个第二节点的定时精度，或者，
    所述多个第二节点的权值，或者，
    所述多个第二节点的权重中间值，所述权重中间值用于确定权值，或者，
    所述多个第二节点的分组的信息，其中，分组与定时精度具有对应关系，或者，所述分组与权重中间值具有对应关系，或者所述分组与权值具有对应关系。
  14. 一种装置，其特征在于，包括：
    通信模块，用于从宿主节点接收第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示多个第二节点的信息，所述第二节点为所述第一节点的上级节点；以及，用于从所述多个第二节点接收多个定时信息；
    处理模块，用于根据所述多个定时信息，确定所述第一节点的第一下行发送定时。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信模块还用于：
    从所述宿主节点接收第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示以下至少一种信息：
    所述多个第二节点的定时精度，或者，
    所述多个第二节点的权值，或者，
    所述多个第二节点的权重中间值，所述权重中间值用于确定权值，或者，
    所述多个第二节点的分组的信息，其中，分组与定时精度具有对应关系，或者，所述分组与权重中间值具有对应关系，或者所述分组与权值具有对应关系。
  16. 如权利要求15所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块还用于：
    根据所述多个第二节点的定时精度，确定所述多个第二节点的权值；或者，
    对所述多个第二节点的权重中间值进行归一化处理，获得所述多个第二节点的权值；或者，
    根据所述多个第二节点的分组的信息，确定所述分组中第二节点的权值。
  17. 如权利要求14～16所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块用于：
    根据所述多个定时信息，以及，所述多个第二节点的权值，确定所述第一节点的第一下行发送定时；其中，所述多个第二节点与所述多个定时信息对应。
  18. 如权利要求14～17任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块用于：
    根据所述多个定时信息，确定所述第一节点的多个第二下行发送定时；
    对所述多个第二下行发送定时进行加权平均处理，获得所述第一下行发送定时。
  19. 如权利要求18所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块用于：
    按照所述多个第二节点的权值，对所述多个第二下行发送定时进行加权平均处理。
  20. 如权利要求14～16任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块用于：
    根据所述多个定时信息，确定所述第一节点的多个第二下行发送定时；
    确定所述多个第二下行发送定时中的最小值和最大值；
    确定所述第一下行发送定时为所述最小值和所述最大值之间的任意值。
  21. 如权利要求14～16任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块用于：
    根据所述多个定时信息，确定所述第一节点的多个第二下行发送定时；
    将所述多个第二下行发送定时中的任一个第二下行发送定时，作为所述第一节点的第一下行发送定时。
  22. 如权利要求14～21任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息为集合或列表，所述集合或列表包括所述多个第二节点的标识。
  23. 如权利要求14～22任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，
    当所述第一指示信息所指示的多个上级节点更新时，所述处理模块还用于根据所述更新后的多个上级节点，更新所述第一下行发送定时；
    或者，当所述第一节点从所述多个第二节点接收多个更新的定时信息时，所述第一节点根据所述多个更新的定时信息，所述处理模块还用于更新所述第一下行发送定时。
  24. 如权利要求14～20任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块还用于：
    根据所述第一下行发送定时发送信号；
    当发送所述信号的实际发送时刻与所述第一下行发送定时不一致时，更新所述第一下行发送定时。
  25. 一种装置，其特征在，包括：
    处理模块，用于获取多个第二节点的信息；
    通信模块，英语向第一节点发送第一指示信息，所述第一指示信息用于指示多个第二节点的信息，所述第二节点为所述第一节点的上级节点。
  26. 如权利要求25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信模块还用于：
    向所述第一节点发送第二指示信息，所述第二指示信息用于指示以下至少一种信息：
    所述多个第二节点的定时精度，或者，
    所述多个第二节点的权值，或者，
    所述多个第二节点的权重中间值，所述权重中间值用于确定权值，或者，
    所述多个第二节点的分组的信息，其中，分组与定时精度具有对应关系，或者，所述 分组与权重中间值具有对应关系，或者所述分组与权值具有对应关系。
  27. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和通信接口，所述通信接口用于与其它通信装置进行通信；所述处理器用于运行一组程序，以使得所述通信装置以实现权利要求1至11任一项所述的方法，或者，以使得所述通信装置以实现权利要求12至13任一项所述的方法。
  28. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机存储介质中存储有计算机可读指令，当所述计算机可读指令在通信装置上运行时，使得所述通信装置执行权利要求1至13任一项所述的方法。
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