WO2021031136A1 - 一种在线式烟支打孔机、控制系统及其控制方法 - Google Patents
一种在线式烟支打孔机、控制系统及其控制方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021031136A1 WO2021031136A1 PCT/CN2019/101682 CN2019101682W WO2021031136A1 WO 2021031136 A1 WO2021031136 A1 WO 2021031136A1 CN 2019101682 W CN2019101682 W CN 2019101682W WO 2021031136 A1 WO2021031136 A1 WO 2021031136A1
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- cigarette
- scanning
- prism
- drum
- mirror
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24C—MACHINES FOR MAKING CIGARS OR CIGARETTES
- A24C5/00—Making cigarettes; Making tipping materials for, or attaching filters or mouthpieces to, cigars or cigarettes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
Definitions
- the invention relates to a cigarette processing equipment, in particular to a cigarette punching machine, and also relates to a control system and a control method of the punching machine, belonging to the technical field of tobacco processing equipment.
- the current cigarette punching is to roll the double-length cigarette to achieve 360° rotation, and pulse from the fixed focusing hair to focus the laser pulse to achieve the purpose of uniformly punching on the circumference of the cigarette.
- the Chinese patent ZL200820041254.8 the disadvantage of this technology is that after the cigarette is rotated by the relative movement of the drum and the drum, it is prone to flattening, emptying, puncture, defocusing, peeling, etc., and the cigarette The jitter also affects the punched data.
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an online cigarette punching machine.
- An online cigarette punching machine which is arranged on the subsequent drum train of the turning wheel of the cigarette mouthpiece machine, or connected to the subsequent drum train,
- a drum wheel with suction nozzles in the circumferential direction of the surface.
- a cigarette is adsorbed on each suction nozzle, and one end of the cigarette sticks out of the drum and on the inner side of the extended end of each cigarette
- a set of corresponding focusing mirrors are provided, and the focusing mirrors operate synchronously with the suction nozzle on the drum;
- a beam scanning device is arranged near the center point of the drum.
- the incident end of the beam scanning device is arranged in the exit light path of the laser light source.
- Each laser beam emitted by the beam scanning device corresponds to a set of focusing mirrors, and the focusing mirrors emit The focused beam is focused on the corresponding extended end surface of the cigarette.
- the laser light source is beam-transformed by the cylindrical lens 1 and then enters the incident end of the beam scanning device; each group of the focusing lens and the beam scanning device is provided with a set of beam shaping mirrors, the beam shaping mirrors It runs synchronously with the focusing lens.
- the output beam of the cylindrical mirror 1 has a shape of a narrow linear focusing spot, which is irradiated on the reflection surface of the beam scanning device, and the linear direction of the linear spot is an axis parallel to the scanning movement direction of the output beam of the beam scanning device;
- the focal point of the cylindrical mirror 1 is set near the reflective surface of the beam scanning device.
- the beam scanning device is used to form the scanning area of the beam, and is one of a rotating mirror, a rotating polygon mirror, a reciprocating vibrating lens, and an optical diffraction device.
- the light beam scanning device is a rotating polygonal prism, and the rotation direction of the prism is along the drum rotation direction or counter the drum rotation direction.
- the light beam forms a 60-240 degree scanning area of the drum after being reflected by each mirror surface.
- the rotating polygonal prism is a 2-12 mirror.
- the rotating polygonal prism is a 2-8 prism, and the light beam forms a 60-240 degree scanning range of the drum after being reflected by each mirror.
- the so-called two-sided mirror can be understood as a reference surface, with a reflector on each side, which constitutes a two-sided prism, or according to claim 8, it is also equivalent to a two-sided prism
- the beam scanning device is composed of a coaxially distributed and synchronously rotating 50% reflection/50% transmission half-lens sheet and a 100% reflection lens installed in the opposite direction of the output light of the half-lens sheet, and the laser beam is The axis line is transmitted to the lens, and the divided two lasers are located in the same vertical plane with an angle of 180 degrees.
- the motor rotates, the two beams of light are emitted in opposite directions at the same time, sweeping through the two opposite focusing lenses.
- the two laser beams are arranged in such a way that they can be focused to the same point in the axial direction of the cigarette to form a single-row hole punching device;
- the two lasers are arranged in such a way that after the two beams are focused by the focusing lens, they can be focused to a different position in the cigarette axis to form a double-row hole punching device.
- the reciprocating vibrating lens is a vibrating mirror
- the optical diffraction device is a laser deflection device.
- the perforating machine is installed in the wheel train where the double-length cigarettes have been split into two independent cigarettes, and turned through the turning wheel, and the cigarette filter is on the same side or behind the wheel train.
- the scanning rotation direction of the rotating polygonal prism is opposite to the rotation direction of the rod-shaped cigarette drum.
- the beam shaping mirror is a cylindrical mirror, a cylindrical convex mirror, a cylindrical concave mirror or other devices with a beam shaping function.
- the beam shaping mirror is a cylindrical convex mirror or a cylindrical concave mirror, and the cylindrical convex mirror or cylindrical concave mirror is arranged in such a way that the reflection from the cylindrical mirror 1 after being reflected by the beam scanning device
- the diffusive beam is reshaped to form a parallel beam that is conducive to focusing by the focusing lens.
- An online cigarette punching control method which is characterized in:
- Step 1 The rotating polygonal prism performs reverse rotation or reverse scanning or forward rotation or forward scanning relative to the running direction of the cigarette;
- the cigarette will rotate 360 degrees around its own axis while running;
- Step 2 When a certain surface of the rotating polygonal prism receives incident light, the pulse timing of the incident light is matched with the speed and phase of the rotating polygonal prism and each cigarette distributed and moving in the perforated area. Make the reflecting surface reflect each pulse incident light to each cigarette that is scanned, and complete the scanning of a hole on all cigarettes in the scanning perforation area at one time;
- the pulse timing of the incident light matches the speed and phase of the rotating polygonal prism, so that after the previous cigarette is punched and the next adjacent cigarette reaches a certain position, the reflecting surface of the polygonal prism is also Just scan to this position, reflect the corresponding next pulse beam to the next cigarette to complete the punching;
- the pulse sequence of the incident light is related to the speed and phase of the rotating polygonal prism, the speed of cigarettes, the distance between two adjacent cigarettes, and the distribution and quantity of cigarettes in the perforated area;
- Step 3 The next mirror surface of the multi-faceted prism corresponds to the scanning of the next adjacent hole on all cigarettes in the perforated area;
- the pulse timing of the incident light matches the speed and phase of the rotating polygonal prism so that when the cigarette spins at an angle of an adjacent hole position and reaches a certain position, the reflecting surface of the polygonal prism is also just right. Scan to this position, and reflect the corresponding pulse beam to the cigarette to form a hole in the adjacent hole position;
- the pulse timing of the incident light is related to the speed and phase of the rotating polygonal prism, the speed of the drum, the length of the punching area, the time required for the cigarette to spin an adjacent hole position, and the setting of the number of holes on the cigarette. Certain correlation;
- Step 4 Repeat steps 2 and 3 until the preset number of holes are filled in the cigarette.
- the mirror surface of the rotating polygonal prism tracks the speed of the drum cigarettes under the control of the drive motor, and twice the angle change between the incident and the normal of the rotating polygonal prism is equal to the fan-shaped scanning change of the output beam
- the angle is greater than or equal to the angular range of the fan-shaped perforated area required for the rod-shaped cigarette to rotate 360 degrees.
- next reflecting surface is also just scanned to this position. Another hole must be punched at this position to form the adjacent holes on the cigarette.
- the number of holes-N the drum rotation speed-Nf, the drum rotates 1 circle and the cigarette rotates around the central axis of the nozzle-b circle
- the number of prism faces-C the prism rotation speed-N1
- the ⁇ scanning coefficient the smoke within the perforation range
- the number of branch intervals is n, ⁇ is 1 for central beam scanning applications, and 2 for polygonal prism scanning applications;
- next reflecting surface is also just scanned to this position. Another hole must be punched at this position to form the adjacent holes on the cigarette.
- N1 ⁇ *b*N/2*C+Nf/2;
- the number of holes-N the drum rotation speed-Nf, the drum rotates 1 circle and the cigarette rotates around the central axis of the nozzle-b circle
- the number of prism faces-C the prism rotation speed-N1
- ⁇ scanning coefficient (when the central beam scanning is used) It is 1, when the polygon mirror is used for scanning, it is 2), the number of cigarette intervals in the perforation range n.
- T2 1/(b*Nf*N);
- the sequence period corresponding to the punching pulse is: T2
- the number of holes-N the drum rotation speed-Nf, the drum rotates 1 circle and the cigarette rotates around the central axis of the nozzle-b circle
- the number of prism faces-C the prism rotation speed-N1
- ⁇ scanning coefficient the smoke within the perforation range
- the number of branch intervals n and ⁇ are related to the number of holes N and are constants less than one.
- T2 1/(b*Nf*N);
- the sequence period corresponding to the punching pulse is: T2
- the number of holes-N, drum rotation speed-Nf, the drum rotates 1 circle and the cigarettes rotate around the center axis of the mouthpiece-b circle, the number of prism faces-C, the prism rotation speed-N1, the number of cigarette intervals in the perforation range n , ⁇ scanning coefficient, ⁇ are related to the number of holes N, and are constants greater than 1.
- the matching relationship between the rotating polygonal prism and the cigarette is also expressed as a mirror surface of the same surface, completing each hole of the adjacent cigarette, and the calculation of the required pulse timing is as follows:
- Each mirror scans the distance between two adjacent cigarettes one by one: 1/n*b;
- Each mirror scans the distance between two adjacent cigarettes one by one: 1/n*b;
- the number of holes-N the drum rotation speed-Nf, the drum rotates 1 circle and the cigarettes rotate around the center axis of the mouthpiece-b circle
- the number of prism faces-C the prism rotation speed-N1
- the number of cigarette intervals in the perforation range n the number of holes-N, drum rotation speed-Nf, the drum rotates 1 circle and the cigarettes rotate around the center axis of the mouthpiece-b circle
- the number of prism faces-C the prism rotation speed-N1
- the number of cigarette intervals in the perforation range n the number of holes-N, drum rotation speed-Nf, the drum rotates 1 circle and the cigarettes rotate around the center axis of the mouthpiece-b circle
- the number of prism faces-C the prism rotation speed-N1
- the number of cigarette intervals in the perforation range n the number of cigarette intervals in the perforation range n .
- the central beam scanning means that the beam is incident along the central axis of the reflective lens, and the normal angle change of the lens is the angular change of the reflected beam;
- the number of holes-N the drum rotation speed-Nf
- the drum rotates 1 circle and the cigarette rotates around the central axis of the nozzle-b circle
- the number of prism faces 2
- the prism rotation speed-N1 the prism rotation speed-N1.
- a control system for the online cigarette punching machine as described above which is composed of a laser, a control device, a servo motor or a stepping motor, and a sensor.
- the rotating prism is driven by a servo motor or a stepping motor, and the servo motor or a stepping motor Connected to the control device, the control device generates a punching pulse matching the rotation speed and phase of the prism; or, a sensor installed near the rotating prism detects the phase of the prism, and sends out the corresponding punching pulse through the control device.
- a control system of the online cigarette punching machine as described above which is mainly composed of a driving motor, a transmission gear pair, a rotating hollow shaft concentric with the extension of the drum shaft, and a 50% reflection/50% mounted on one end of the hollow shaft
- the transmissive half-lens sheet and the 100% reflecting mirror installed in the opposite direction of the output light of the half-lens sheet are formed.
- the laser beam is transmitted to the lens along the axis line.
- the divided two laser beams are located in the same vertical plane. With an angle of 180 degrees, when the motor rotates, the two beams of light are emitted in opposite directions at the same time, sweeping through the two opposite focusing lenses.
- An online cigarette perforating machine installed between the output drum of the cigarette making machine and the cigarette storage device, characterized in that it is mainly composed of a laser perforating device and a negative pressure suction and transmission device;
- the laser perforating device It includes a laser light source, a beam scanning device placed in the exit light path of the laser light source, a focusing mirror placed in the refraction light path of the beam scanning device, the focusing mirror condenses the laser light to the surface of the cigarette; the negative pressure suction transmission
- the device includes a transmission belt and a suction nozzle mounting bracket standing on the transmission belt.
- the suction nozzle mounting bracket is provided with a rotary suction nozzle, and the rotary negative pressure suction nozzle is connected with a suction nozzle hollow shaft.
- the hollow shaft is connected to the negative pressure suction cavity, so that the suction nozzle can absorb cigarettes and run on the conveying device.
- the beam scanning device is used to form the scanning area of the laser beam, and is one of a rotating mirror, a rotating polygon mirror, a reciprocating vibration lens, and an optical diffraction device. Preferably it is a rotating polygon mirror.
- the dynamic scanning method the movement of the cigarette driven by the suction nozzle runs from A to B, and completes a 360° rotation, during which the beam scanning is completed with n nozzle sections, including n+1 cigarettes;
- a certain mirror surface of the prism scans all cigarettes in the perforated area, and a hole is punched on each cigarette, and then the next mirror surface continues to scan to form the next adjacent hole on the cigarette. Complete the forming of all the holes needed on the cigarette again and again.
- a certain mirror surface of the prism completes the drilling of two adjacent holes in the same cigarette.
- the required pulse timing and prism rotation speed are calculated as follows:
- Cigarette conveying speed Nb, rotating polygon mirror-C surface, rotating polygon mirror speed-N1, number of perforations-N, prism scanning angle- ⁇ , actual scanning of the perforated area- ⁇ , scanning light is preferably opposite to the direction of cigarette movement ;
- Each side of the prism is completed with a hole on each cigarette in the perforated area.
- the calculation of the required laser timing T1 is as follows: set the beam of a certain mirror surface, after completing the 1# cigarette perforation, continue to run to the 2# cigarette , Meet with 2# cigarettes at the 2'position, thus punch a hole on the 2# cigarettes, the interval between 1# cigarettes and 2# cigarettes is L/n,
- the cigarette is driven by the suction nozzle, and the cigarette is rotated at least 360° within a pitch length, during which the beam scanning only completes the scanning and perforation of one cigarette;
- the rotating direction of the multi-faceted rotating prism that is, the running direction of the scanning beam is consistent with the running direction of the cigarette, and the speed is the same.
- each surface of the prism tracks the rotation and operation of a cigarette in turn, that is, a prism surface tracks a cigarette until it completes a 360-degree rotation. After all holes are formed, the next prism surface continues to track. Next cigarette.
- the punching position is far away from the functional drums (scrubbing wheel, all two, separating wheel, detection wheel, etc.), which can reduce the failure rate of the machine and reduce the impact of the installation of laser drilling on the performance of the original machine;
- the combination of double cylindrical mirrors can maintain the continuity of the original laser spot characteristics, thus having better focusing characteristics
- One suction nozzle corresponds to a set of shaping and focusing mirrors, which realizes the setting of synchronous operation of shaping and focusing mirrors and cigarette suction nozzles, avoiding the high inertia caused by the high-speed tracking and high-speed rotation of the focusing device, and avoiding the formation of high inertia
- the tracking lag also simplifies the structure of the focusing device and improves the flexibility of the punching device to track changes in machine speed;
- control method can well achieve high-speed matching punching, low-inertia flexible tracking, arbitrarily set hole number, easy realization of low prism rotation speed, simplification of maintenance operations and other performances. Promotion value.
- FIG. 1 Structural schematic diagram
- FIG. 1 Installation location
- Figure 4 Perforation pulse sequence between adjacent holes of a cigarette of a polygonal rotating prism during retrograde scanning
- Figure 4-1 Perforation pulse sequence between adjacent holes of a cigarette in retrograde central light scanning
- Figure 4-2 Perforation pulse sequence between adjacent holes of a cigarette of a polygonal rotating prism during forward scanning
- Figure 5 Perforation pulse sequence between adjacent cigarettes during retrograde scanning
- Figure 5-1 Perforated pulse sequence between adjacent cigarettes during forward scanning
- FIG. 1 Laser drilling pulse timing diagram
- Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of Embodiment 3.
- Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the principle structure of Embodiment 3.
- Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the rotation principle of the negative pressure suction nozzle in embodiment 3.
- Figure 11 a schematic diagram of the dynamic scanning operation of the third embodiment
- Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the static scanning operation of Embodiment 3.
- Figure 13 Schematic diagram of pulse timing of static scanning operation in embodiment 3
- the punching machine mainly consists of the following components:
- each suction nozzle has a corresponding focusing mirror and a beam shaping mirror.
- the focusing mirror and the beam shaping mirror are arranged on a ring/drum that rotates synchronously with the drum.
- the focus ring/drum rotates around the center of the drum.
- Each center axis of the focus ring forms a straight line with the midpoint of the corresponding cigarette and the center of the drum.
- Focusing ring/drum synchronously rotating with cigarette nozzle and drum wheel, slow speed and low mechanical inertia.
- the beam scanning device located near the center point of the drum passes the pulsed incident light through the rotating mirror (including the polygon mirror), the reciprocating vibration lens (including the galvanometer), the optical diffraction device (including the laser deflection device), preferably the rotating mirror (including the polygon mirror)
- a beam group distributed in a fan shape in the ⁇ area is formed.
- a polygon mirror with 6-12 rotating mirror surfaces is more preferable.
- Each laser beam of the beam group is scanned and irradiated on the beam shaping mirror and the focusing mirror of the focusing ring/drum.
- the rotating mirror is controlled by a servo system to track each cigarette that enters the ⁇ angle area, and the phase of each cigarette that needs to be punched.
- the ⁇ angle region is preferably 45-150 degrees, preferably 90 degrees.
- the diameter of the rotating mirror is small, and the light spot after shaping by the cylindrical mirror is linearly focused on the reflecting surface.
- the area is small, so the mechanical inertia is small, and it can rotate at a high speed and track the phase change of the cigarette.
- Cylindrical lens-1 Reshape the incident circular spot so that the incident light is collected in a uniaxial direction and linearly, with the focus near the surface of the rotating mirror.
- the uniaxial direction, the linear long axis direction and the rotating lens The direction of the central axis is parallel; in this way, the size of the reflecting surface of the rotating mirror is small, which is beneficial to reduce the mechanical inertia.
- Cylindrical mirror-2 Its focus is set in the reverse direction near the reflecting surface of the rotating mirror, and the linearly distributed light beam in the uniaxial direction after being reflected by the reflecting mirror appears as a diffusive spot, which is round or round after being shaped by the cylindrical mirror-2. Rectangular, parallel light beam;
- Focusing lens Focus the above-mentioned circular or rectangular parallel light beams, so as to ensure the quality of laser convergence.
- the rod-shaped cigarette revolves around its own axis while revolving on the drum around the central axis of the drum: the rod-shaped cigarette revolves around the central axis of the drum on the drum once, and the rod revolves 3-9 times, Preferably 3-4 weeks.
- the rotating mirror including a polygonal prism), a reciprocating vibrating lens (including a galvanometer), and an optical diffraction device (including a laser deflection device) are used to form a scanning area of the light beam, preferably a rotating polygonal prism.
- the rotating polygonal prism is a 6-8 mirror, and the rotation direction of the prism is along the drum rotation direction or counter the drum rotation direction.
- the light beam is reflected by each mirror surface to form a scan area of the drum in the range of 60-120 degrees. .
- the focus ring/drum rotates around the center of the drum, and each cigarette around the drum corresponds to a focusing lens and a beam shaping lens.
- the focus ring/drum rotates synchronously around the center of the drum.
- Cylindrical lens-1 Reshape the incident circular spot so that the incident light is collected in a uniaxial direction and linearly, with the focus near the surface of the rotating mirror.
- the uniaxial direction, the linear long axis direction and the rotating lens The direction of the central axis is parallel; in this way, the size of the reflecting surface of the rotating mirror is small, which is beneficial to reduce the mechanical inertia.
- Cylindrical mirror-2 Its focus is set in the reverse direction near the reflecting surface of the rotating mirror, and the linearly distributed light beam in the uniaxial direction after being reflected by the reflecting mirror appears as a diffusive spot, which is round or round after being shaped by the cylindrical mirror-2. Rectangular, parallel light beam;
- Focusing lens Focus the above-mentioned circular or rectangular parallel light beams, so as to ensure the quality of laser convergence.
- the rotating polygon mirror is composed of a polygon prism, a driving motor, a speed or/and phase sensor.
- Step 1 The rotating polygonal prism performs retrograde rotation or forward rotation relative to the direction of cigarette movement
- the cigarette will rotate 360 degrees around its own axis while running;
- Step 2 When a certain surface of the rotating polygonal prism receives incident light, the pulse timing of the incident light is matched with the speed and phase of the rotating polygonal prism and each cigarette distributed and moving in the perforated area. Make the reflecting surface reflect each pulse incident light to each cigarette that is scanned, and complete the scanning of a hole on all cigarettes in the scanning perforation area at one time;
- the pulse timing of the incident light matches the speed and phase of the rotating polygonal prism, so that after the previous cigarette is punched and the next adjacent cigarette reaches a certain position, the reflecting surface of the polygonal prism is also Just scan to this position, reflect the corresponding next pulse beam to the next cigarette to complete the punching;
- the pulse sequence of the incident light is related to the speed and phase of the rotating polygonal prism, the speed of cigarettes, the distance between two adjacent cigarettes, and the distribution and quantity of cigarettes in the perforated area;
- Step 3 The next mirror surface of the polygonal prism corresponds to the scanning of the next adjacent hole on all cigarettes in the perforated area;
- the pulse timing of the incident light matches the speed and phase of the rotating polygonal prism so that when the cigarette spins at an angle of an adjacent hole position and reaches a certain position, the reflecting surface of the polygonal prism is also just right. Scan to this position, and reflect the corresponding pulse beam to the cigarette to form a hole in the adjacent hole position;
- the pulse timing of the incident light is related to the speed and phase of the rotating polygonal prism, the speed of the drum, the length of the punching area, the time required for the cigarette to spin an adjacent hole position, and the setting of the number of holes on the cigarette. Certain correlation;
- Step 4 Repeat steps 2 and 3 until the preset number of holes are filled in the cigarette.
- the mirror surface of the rotating polygonal mirror under the control of the driving motor, makes the output pulsating beam become an angle range of 60-240 degrees, preferably 120 degrees, which is greater than or equal to the fan shape required for the rod-shaped cigarette to rotate 360 degrees.
- Nd suction nozzle slots on the circumference of the rotating drum.
- the cigarette is driven by the suction nozzle to rotate around the center axis of the suction nozzle, and the drum drives the suction nozzle to revolve.
- the cigarette revolves around the drum for 1 revolution, and rotates around the central axis of the mouthpiece for 4 times to form a 90-degree perforated area, which contains Nd/4 or (Nd/4+1) cigarettes.
- Each rod-shaped cigarette is equipped with an independent shaping and focusing mirror, that is, Nd shaping and focusing mirrors are arranged on the rotating ring/drum. Therefore, the laser can be focused at any point to achieve any number of holes.
- the pulsed laser beam after changing the reflection angle on each surface of the rotating polygonal prism, is formed on each cigarette of the Nd/4 or (Nd/4+1) rods within the above-mentioned scanning perforation area A hole.
- the rotating polygon mirror is composed of a polygonal prism, a driving motor, a speed or/and a phase sensor, preferably a 6-sided -8-sided prism, and more preferably a 6-sided prism.
- next reflecting surface is also just scanned to this position. Another hole must be punched at this position to form the adjacent holes on the cigarette.
- the number of holes-N the drum rotation speed-Nf, the drum rotates 1 circle and the cigarette rotates around the central axis of the nozzle-b circle
- the number of prism faces-C the prism rotation speed-N1
- the ⁇ scanning coefficient the smoke within the perforation range
- the number of branch intervals is n, ⁇ is 1 for central beam scanning applications, and 2 for polygonal prism scanning applications;
- next reflecting surface is also just scanned to this position. Another hole must be punched at this position to form the adjacent holes on the cigarette.
- N1 ⁇ *b*N/2*C+Nf/2;
- the number of holes-N the drum rotation speed-Nf, the drum rotates 1 circle and the cigarette rotates around the central axis of the nozzle-b circle
- the number of prism faces-C the prism rotation speed-N1
- ⁇ scanning coefficient (when the central beam scanning is used) It is 1, when the polygon mirror is used for scanning, it is 2), the number of cigarette intervals in the perforation range n.
- T2 1/(b*Nf*N);
- the sequence period corresponding to the punching pulse is: T2
- the number of holes-N the drum rotation speed-Nf, the drum rotates 1 circle and the cigarette rotates around the central axis of the nozzle-b circle
- the number of prism faces-C the prism rotation speed-N1
- ⁇ scanning coefficient the smoke within the perforation range
- the number of branch intervals n and ⁇ are related to the number of holes N and are constants less than one.
- T2 1/(b*Nf*N);
- the sequence period corresponding to the punching pulse is: T2
- the number of holes-N, drum rotation speed-Nf, the drum rotates 1 circle and the cigarettes rotate around the center axis of the mouthpiece-b circle, the number of prism faces-C, the prism rotation speed-N1, the number of cigarette intervals in the perforation range n , ⁇ scanning coefficient, ⁇ are related to the number of holes N, and are constants greater than 1.
- the matching relationship between the rotating polygonal prism and the cigarette is also expressed as a mirror surface of the same surface, completing each hole of the adjacent cigarette, and the calculation of the required pulse timing is as follows:
- Each mirror scans the distance between two adjacent cigarettes one by one: 1/n*b;
- Each mirror scans the distance between two adjacent cigarettes one by one: 1/n*b;
- the number of holes-N the drum rotation speed-Nf, the drum rotates 1 circle and the cigarettes rotate around the center axis of the mouthpiece-b circle
- the number of prism faces-C the prism rotation speed-N1
- the number of cigarette intervals in the perforation range n the number of holes-N, drum rotation speed-Nf, the drum rotates 1 circle and the cigarettes rotate around the center axis of the mouthpiece-b circle
- the number of prism faces-C the prism rotation speed-N1
- the number of cigarette intervals in the perforation range n the number of holes-N, drum rotation speed-Nf, the drum rotates 1 circle and the cigarettes rotate around the center axis of the mouthpiece-b circle
- the number of prism faces-C the prism rotation speed-N1
- the number of cigarette intervals in the perforation range n the number of cigarette intervals in the perforation range n .
- the number of holes-N the drum rotation speed-Nf
- the drum rotates 1 circle and the cigarette rotates around the central axis of the nozzle-b circle
- the number of prism faces 2
- the prism rotation speed-N1 the prism rotation speed-N1.
- the scanning rotation direction of the rotating prism is opposite to the rotation direction of the rod-shaped cigarette drum;
- the one prism surface scans only one hole on each cigarette in the perforated area at a time, and N holes require N prism surfaces.
- the cigarette revolves around the circumference of the drum, and is adsorbed on the suction nozzle. There is no rotation action. The cigarette starts to spin only when it enters the perforated area.
- the perforated area where the cigarette rotates is the laser scanning area, and only in this area the cigarette rotates around its axis. At this time, the laser perforates during the process of the cigarette rotates one round until the end of the perforation.
- the control method is the same as in Example 1.
- the punching position is far away from the functional drums (scrubbing wheel, all two, separating wheel, detection wheel, etc.), which can reduce the failure rate of the machine and reduce the impact of the installation of laser drilling on the performance of the original machine;
- the combination of double cylindrical mirrors can maintain the continuity of the original laser spot characteristics, thus having better focusing characteristics
- One suction nozzle corresponds to a set of shaping and focusing mirrors, which realizes the setting of synchronous operation of shaping and focusing mirrors and cigarette suction nozzles, avoiding the high inertia caused by the high-speed tracking and high-speed rotation of the focusing device, and avoiding the formation of high inertia
- the tracking lag also simplifies the structure of the focusing device and improves the flexibility of the punching device to track changes in machine speed;
- control method can well achieve high-speed matching punching, low-inertia flexible tracking, arbitrarily set hole number, easy realization of low prism rotation speed, simplification of maintenance operations and other performances. Promotion value.
- the perforating machine is installed at the end of the cigarette making machine, and the cigarettes run horizontally, so the transmission is simple and easy to install, does not affect the structure and operation of the cigarette making machine, and does not damage the cigarettes, realizing stable perforation.
- It is mainly composed of a laser light source, a beam scanning device, a focusing mirror, cigarettes, a rotating suction nozzle for adsorbing cigarettes, a hollow shaft of the suction nozzle, a friction wheel arranged at the other end of the hollow shaft of the suction nozzle, a friction belt matched with the friction wheel, and a suction nozzle. It is composed of a nozzle mounting bracket, a cigarette delivery device, a negative pressure suction cavity, and two power sources.
- suction nozzle mounting brackets are fixedly arranged on the conveying device to drive the cigarette suction nozzle to move in a straight line.
- the suction nozzle absorbs the cigarette, and the filter part of the cigarette extends beyond the length of the suction nozzle; the conveying device is driven by the power source-1;
- the negative pressure suction cavity is arranged on one side of the conveying device, and the holes of the conveying device are matched with the hollow shaft of the suction nozzle to absorb the cigarettes in the rotating suction nozzle; the other end of the suction nozzle shaft passes through a small toothed wheel and a long tooth shape
- the mesh or the engagement of the small friction wheel and the friction belt drives the cigarette nozzle to rotate around the central axis;
- the small toothed wheel and the long toothed bar are pinions and racks, or small toothed wheels and toothed belts, or small
- the friction wheel and the friction belt preferably the friction wheel and the friction belt match;
- the conveying device is preferably a synchronous toothed belt or a chain conveyor belt, more preferably a synchronous toothed belt, and the conveying device is connected to the power source-1;
- Friction wheel and friction belt preferably rubber belt and gray cast iron wheel, driven by power source-2;
- the focusing lens preferably the f- ⁇ field focusing lens, is located on the upper side or the lower side of the synchronous toothed belt; the output beam of the laser light source scans the cigarette through the beam scanning device and the focusing mirror to realize focusing and perforation;
- the beam scanning device is a high-speed galvanometer or an optical deflection device or a rotating scanning polygonal prism, preferably a rotating polygonal prism;
- the tooth surface of the synchronous toothed belt of the conveying device, the transmission tooth surface is set in this way, and the tooth surfaces on both sides match the transmission wheel;
- the shape of the toothed wheel matches the belt
- the middle part of the belt is a smooth section, with a hole set at every other distance.
- the interval of the holes matches the distance between the two suction nozzles and is used for the circulation of negative pressure airflow;
- one side of the smooth section is a negative pressure suction cavity,
- the cavity is a rectangular parallelepiped, one side is an open surface, and this surface is in close contact with the smooth surface of the belt, so that the negative pressure from the negative pressure suction cavity can leak as little as possible and suck the cigarette through the hole and hollow shaft;
- the stabilizing device is placed on both sides of the belt of the conveying device and slightly touching the toothed belts on both sides of the bracket to stabilize the running of the belt and prevent the belt from fluctuating up and down; the stabilizing device is a long layered stabilizing device or a bearing-type stabilizing device .
- a certain mirror surface of the prism completes the drilling of two adjacent holes in the same cigarette.
- the required pulse timing and prism rotation speed are calculated as follows:
- Cigarette conveying speed Nb, rotating polygon mirror-C surface, rotating polygon mirror speed-N1, number of perforations-N, prism scanning angle- ⁇ , actual scanning of the perforated area- ⁇ , scanning light is preferably opposite to the direction of cigarette movement ;
- Each side of the prism is completed with a hole on each cigarette in the perforated area.
- the calculation of the required laser timing T1 is as follows: set the beam of a certain mirror surface, after completing the 1# cigarette perforation, continue to run to the 2# cigarette , Meet with 2# cigarettes at the 2'position, thus punch a hole on the 2# cigarettes, the interval between 1# cigarettes and 2# cigarettes is L/n,
- the cigarette is driven by the suction nozzle, and the cigarette is rotated at least 360° within a pitch length, during which the beam scanning only completes the scanning and perforation of one cigarette;
- the rotating direction of the multi-faceted rotating prism that is, the running direction of the scanning beam is consistent with the running direction of the cigarette, and the speed is the same.
- each surface of the prism tracks the rotation and operation of a cigarette in turn, that is, a prism surface tracks a cigarette until it completes a 360-degree rotation. After all holes are formed, the next prism surface continues to track. Next cigarette.
- the punching position is far away from the functional drums (scrubbing wheel, all two, separating wheel, detection wheel, etc.), which can reduce the failure rate of the machine and reduce the impact of the installation of laser drilling on the performance of the original machine;
- the combination of double cylindrical mirrors can maintain the continuity of the original laser spot characteristics, thus having better focusing characteristics
- One suction nozzle corresponds to a set of shaping and focusing mirrors, which realizes the setting of synchronous operation of shaping and focusing mirrors and cigarette suction nozzles, avoiding the high inertia caused by the high-speed tracking and high-speed rotation of the focusing device, and avoiding the formation of high inertia
- the tracking lag also simplifies the structure of the focusing device and improves the flexibility of the punching device to track changes in machine speed.
- This embodiment is a modified structure of the third embodiment, and at least two timing belts are set as shown in the figure below to form the effect of the aforementioned conveying device. Or driven by at least two chains, set according to the figure above to form the effect of the conveying device
- the longitudinal direction of the support is parallel to the long axis direction of the toothed wheel, and the center of the belt is separated by a certain distance, that is, a hole is provided for negative pressure airflow.
- the air support is located just above the hole and covers the hole.
- the belt drives the holder and the suction nozzle to drive the cigarette to move, so that the pinion rolls on the rack or the friction wheel rolls on the friction belt, thereby driving the cigarette to rotate at least 360 degrees along the longitudinal axis;
- Another way of cigarette rotation is that the belt drives the holder and the suction nozzle to drive the cigarette to run, and the small toothed wheel at the other end of the suction nozzle shaft and the meshing toothed belt are driven by the power source 2 to obtain independence.
- the present invention may also have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by equivalent replacements or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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Abstract
一种在线式烟支打孔机，安置在卷烟接嘴机调头轮的后续鼓轮轮系上，或接于后续鼓轮轮系之后，包括表面周向设有吸嘴的鼓轮，当鼓轮正常运转时，每个吸嘴上吸附一根烟支，烟支的一端伸出鼓轮外，在每根烟支外伸端的内侧设有对应的一组聚焦镜，聚焦镜随鼓轮上的吸嘴同步运行；鼓轮中心点附近设有光束扫描装置，光束扫描装置的入射端设在激光光源的出射光路中，光束扫描装置射出的每一束激光均对应一组聚焦镜，聚焦镜射出的聚焦光束聚焦在对应的烟支外伸端表面。该烟支打孔机激光设备缩小了设备体积，且由于烟支在吸嘴上旋转，没有拨转操作，从而避免了烟支的机械损坏或压痕，降低了烟支的损耗且打孔稳定。
Description
本发明涉及一种烟支加工设备，具体来讲是一种烟支打孔机，还涉及该打孔机的控制系统和控制方法，属于烟草加工设备技术领域。
目前的烟支打孔都是将双倍长度的卷烟通过拨滚拨转，实现360°旋转，并由固定聚焦头发出脉冲，对激光脉冲进行聚焦而实现烟支圆周上均匀打孔的目的，例如中国专利ZL200820041254.8；该技术的缺点是烟支经由拨滚和鼓轮相对运动形成的拨转动作后，易发生压扁、空头、刺孔、离焦、翘皮等情况，且烟支跳动也影响打孔的数据。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，提供一种在线式烟支打孔机。
本发明解决以上技术问题的技术方案：
一种在线式烟支打孔机，安置在卷烟接嘴机调头轮的后续鼓轮轮系上，或接于后续鼓轮轮系之后，
包括表面周向设有吸嘴的鼓轮，当鼓轮正常运转时，每个吸嘴上吸附有一根烟支，所述烟支的一端外伸出鼓轮外，在每根烟支外伸端的内侧设有对应的一组聚焦镜，所述聚焦镜随鼓轮上的吸嘴同步运行；
鼓轮中心点附近设有光束扫描装置，光束扫描装置的入射端设在激光光源的出射光路中，所述光束扫描装置射出的每一束激光均对应一组聚焦镜，所述聚焦镜射出的聚焦光束聚焦在对应的烟支外伸端表面。
本发明进一步限定的技术方案为：
进一步的，所述激光光源通过柱面镜1光束变换后射入光束扫描装置的入射端；每一组所述聚焦镜与光束扫描装置之间均安置有一组光束整形镜，所述光束整形镜与聚焦镜同步运行。
进一步的，柱面镜1的输出光束，形状为狭窄的线性聚焦光斑，照射在光束扫描装置的反射面上，该线性光斑的线性方向为平行于光束扫描装置输出光束的扫描运动方向的轴线；所述柱面镜1的焦点设定在光束扫描装置的反射面附近。
进一步的，光束扫描装置用于形成光束的扫描区域，为旋转镜面、旋转多面镜、往复振动镜片、光学衍射装置中的一种。
进一步的，光束扫描装置为旋转多面棱镜，棱镜的旋转方向为顺鼓轮旋转方向、或逆鼓轮旋转方向旋转，光束经过每一镜面反射后形成鼓轮的60-240度范围的扫描区域。
进一步的，所述旋转多面棱镜为2-12面镜。
进一步的，所述旋转多面棱镜为2-8面棱镜，光束经过每一镜面反射后形成鼓轮的60-240度扫描范围。(所谓两面镜，可以理解为一个基准面，两侧各安置一面反射镜，即构成2面棱镜，或者按照权利要求8，也等同与两面棱镜)
进一步的，光束扫描装置由同轴分布且同步旋转的50％反射/50％透射的半透镜片、以及与半透镜片输出光相反方向安装的100％反射镜片构成，，所述的激光光束沿轴心线传输到镜片上，分成的两路激光位于同一个垂直面内，夹角180度，当电机旋转时两束光同时向相反的方向射出，扫过两个对边的聚焦镜片。
所述两束激光如此设置，使得能够聚焦到烟支的轴向同一位置点处，形成单排孔打孔装置；
所述两束激光如此设置，使得两束光束经过聚焦镜聚焦后，能够聚焦到烟支轴向的不同一位置点处，形成双排孔打孔装置。
进一步的，往复振动镜片为振动反射镜，光学衍射装置为激光偏转装置。
进一步的，该打孔机安装在：双倍长度烟支已由一切二分切为两支独立烟支、并经调头轮调头、烟支过滤嘴同处于一侧的轮系内或轮系之后。
进一步的，旋转多面棱镜的扫描旋转方向为与棒状烟支鼓轮旋转方向相对。
进一步的，光束整形镜为柱面镜、柱形凸镜、柱形凹镜或其他具有光束整形功能的器件。
进一步的，所述光束整形镜为柱形凸镜或柱形凹镜，所述的柱形凸镜或柱形凹镜如此的安置，使得来自柱面镜1的、经过光束扫描装置反射后的扩散性的光束，进行整形，从而形成有利于聚焦镜聚焦的平行光光束。
一种在线式烟支打孔控制方法，其特征在于：
步骤1、所述旋转多面棱镜相对于烟支运行方向进行逆向旋转或者逆行扫描或者顺向旋转或者顺行扫描；
对应扫描打孔区域内，烟支运行的同时还进行围绕自身轴线进行360度自转；
步骤2、当所述旋转多面棱镜的某个面收到入射光时，该入射光的脉冲时序与旋转多面棱镜的速度和相位、以及打孔区域内分布并运动的每一烟支进行匹配，使得该反射面分别把每束脉冲入射光均对应地反射至所扫描到的每支烟支上，而一次完成在扫描打孔区域内所有烟支上都形成一个孔的扫描；
此时所述入射光的脉冲时序与旋转多面棱镜的速度和相位匹配，使得前一烟支完成打孔后且下一相邻的烟支运行到达某一位置时，多面棱镜的该反射面也刚好扫描至该位置，把对应的下一束脉冲光束，反射至该下一支烟支而完成打孔；
该入射光的脉冲时序与旋转多面棱镜的速度和相位、烟支运行的速度、相邻两支烟支之间距离、打孔区域内烟支分布和数量相关联；
步骤3、所述多面棱镜的下一面镜面，对应扫描打孔区域内所有烟支上相邻的下一个孔洞的扫描；
此时所述入射光的脉冲时序与旋转多面棱镜的速度和相位如此的匹配，使得烟支自旋一个相邻孔位的角度后且运行到达某一位置时，多面棱镜的该反射面也刚好扫描至该位置，把对应的脉冲光束，反射至该支烟支上而形成的相邻 孔位的打孔；
该入射光的脉冲时序与旋转多面棱镜的速度和相位、鼓轮运行的速度、打孔区域的长短、烟支自旋一个相邻孔位的角度所需的时间、烟支上孔数的设定相关联；
步骤4、重复步骤2、3直至烟支上打满预设个数孔为止。
本发明进一步限定的技术方案为：
进一步的，所述旋转多面棱镜的反射镜面在驱动马达控制下跟踪鼓轮烟支的速度运行，所述旋转多面棱镜的入射与法线之间角度变化的两倍等于输出光束的扇形扫描变化的角度，该角度大于或等于棒状烟支自转360度所需的扇形打孔区域的角度范围。
进一步的，旋转多面棱镜与烟支的配合关系表现为--
同一支烟支完成相邻两个孔洞的打孔，所需的脉冲时序和棱镜旋转速度计算如下：
①逆行扫描时动态扫描系数计算法：
所述烟支旋转一周需时间：1/(Nf*b)；相邻孔的时间间隔：T2＝1/(Nf*b*N)；
前一个反射面完成一支烟打孔后，该烟支自旋一个相邻孔位的角度后且运行到达某一位置时，烟支运行距离＝Nf*T2；
下一个反射面也刚好扫描至该位置，必须在此位置完成另一个打孔，才能形成烟支上相邻孔洞的成型，此时，下一个棱镜面或扫描光束已经运行距离＝2*N1*T2，两者之和应该等于棱镜相邻两个反射面或扫描光束所包含的鼓轮弧长；
Nf*T2+2*N1*T2＝β/C,
棱镜旋转速度：2*N1＝β/(C*T2)-T2*Nf；N1＝(β*b*N/C-1)*Nf/2；
对应打孔脉冲的序列周期为：T2＝1/(b*N*Nf)；
其中：孔数-N、鼓轮转速-Nf、鼓轮转1圈烟支围绕吸嘴中轴自转-b圈、棱 镜的面数-C、棱镜转速-N1、β扫描系数、打孔范围内烟支间隔数n，β具体为中心光束扫描应用时为1、多棱镜扫描应用时为2；
②顺行扫描时动态扫描系数计算法：
所述烟支旋转一周需时间：1/(Nf*b)；相邻孔的时间间隔：T2＝1/(Nf*b*N)；
前一个反射面完成一支烟打孔后，该烟支自旋一个相邻孔位的角度后且运行到达某一位置时，烟支运行距离＝Nf*T2；
下一个反射面也刚好扫描至该位置，必须在此位置完成另一个打孔，才能形成烟支上相邻孔洞的成型，此时，下一个棱镜面或扫描光束已经运行距离＝2*N1*T2，应该等于棱镜相邻两个反射面或扫描光束所包含的鼓轮弧长β/C与烟支运行距离Nf*T2之和。
2*N1*T2＝Nf*T2+β/C,
棱镜旋转速度：N1＝β*b*N/2*C+Nf/2；
对应打孔脉冲的序列周期为：T2＝1/(b*N*Nf)；
其中：孔数-N、鼓轮转速-Nf、鼓轮转1圈烟支围绕吸嘴中轴自转-b圈、棱镜的面数-C、棱镜转速-N1、β扫描系数(中心光束扫描应用时为1、多棱镜扫描应用时为2)、打孔范围内烟支间隔数n。
③逆行扫描时静态扫描法：
烟支完成自转一周打N孔，则需要N个棱镜面，所述烟支旋转一周需时间：1/(Nf*b)；
烟支相邻孔之间的时间间隔：T2＝1/(b*Nf*N)；
棱镜在T2时间内运行距离＝N1*T2；
对应棱镜两个面行走的弧长：α*1/C；
即：N1*T2＝α/C；
多面镜旋转速度：N1＝1/(C*T2)＝α*b*N*Nf/c；
对应打孔脉冲的序列周期为：T2，
其中：孔数-N、鼓轮转速-Nf、鼓轮转1圈烟支围绕吸嘴中轴自转-b圈、棱镜的面数-C、棱镜转速-N1、α扫描系数、打孔范围内烟支间隔数n，α与孔数N有关，为小于1的常数。
④顺行扫描时静态扫描法：
烟支完成自转一周打N孔，则需要N个棱镜面，所述烟支旋转一周需时间：1/(Nf*b)；
烟支相邻孔之间的时间间隔：T2＝1/(b*Nf*N)；
棱镜在T2时间内运行距离＝N1*T2；
对应棱镜两个面扫描行走的弧长：α*1/C；
即：N1*T2＝α/C；
多面镜旋转速度：N1＝1/(C*T2)＝α*b*N*Nf/c；
对应打孔脉冲的序列周期为：T2，
其中：孔数-N、鼓轮转速-Nf、鼓轮转1圈烟支围绕吸嘴中轴自转-b圈、棱镜的面数-C、棱镜转速-N1、打孔范围内烟支间隔数n，α扫描系数、α与孔数N有关，为大于1的常数。
进一步的，所述旋转多面棱镜与烟支的配合关系还表现为--同一面镜面，完成相邻烟支的各一个孔，所需的脉冲时序的计算如下：
①逆行扫描时所需的脉冲时序的计算如下：
每个镜面逐一扫描过相邻的两支烟支之间距离：1/n*b；
一个镜片完成前一支烟支打孔后，其扫描光束继续向下一支烟支运行，两者相遇时，扫描光束行走距离＝2N1*T1，烟支行走＝Nf*T1，双方到达相遇位置所需的时间即为T1；
使得：1/n*b＝2N1*T1+Nf*T1；时序T1＝1/b*n*(2N1+Nf)；
②顺行扫描时所需的脉冲时序的计算如下：
每个镜面逐一扫描过相邻的两支烟支之间距离：1/n*b；
一个镜片完成前一支烟支打孔后，其扫描光束继续向下一支烟支运行，两者相遇时，扫描光束行走距离＝2N1*T1，烟支行走＝Nf*T1，双方到达相遇位置所需的时间即为T1；
使得：2N1*T1＝1/n*b+Nf*T1；时序T1＝1/b*n*(2N1-Nf)；
其中：孔数-N、鼓轮转速-Nf、鼓轮转1圈烟支围绕吸嘴中轴自转-b圈、棱镜的面数-C、棱镜转速-N1、打孔范围内烟支间隔数n。
进一步的，中心光束扫描即光束沿反射镜片中轴入射，镜片法线角度变化即为反射光束的角度变化；
烟支旋转一周需要时长T＝1/b*Nf；
烟支上相邻两个孔间隔的时长T2＝T/N＝1/b*N*Nf；
前一束光在一烟支完成一个孔后，该烟支继续行走：Nf*T2；
后一束扫描光已经行走：N1*T2；
Nf*T2+N1*T2＝0.5；
双面镜旋转速度：N1＝(0.5*b*N-1)*Nf；
其中：孔数-N、鼓轮转速-Nf、鼓轮转1圈烟支围绕吸嘴中轴自转-b圈、棱镜的面数＝2、棱镜转速-N1。
一种如前文所述在线式烟支打孔机的控制系统，由激光器、控制装置、伺服马达或步进电机、传感器构成，旋转棱镜由伺服马达或步进电机带动，伺服马达或步进电机连接控制装置，由控制装置产生与棱镜的转速和相位相匹配的打孔脉冲；或者，由安装在旋转棱镜附近的传感器，检测棱镜的相位，经由控制装置发出相应的打孔脉冲。
一种如前文所述在线式烟支打孔机的控制系统，主要由驱动马达、传动齿轮副、与鼓轮轴延长线同心的旋转空心轴、安装在空心轴一端的一个50％反射 /50％透射的半透镜片、以及与半透镜片输出光相反方向安装的100％反射镜片构成，所述的激光光束沿轴心线传输到镜片上，分成的两路激光位于同一个垂直面内，夹角180度，当电机旋转时两束光同时向相反的方向射出，扫过两个对边的聚焦镜片。
一种在线式烟支打孔机，安装在卷烟机输出鼓轮与烟支储存装置之间，其特征在于：主要由激光打孔装置和负压吸风传输装置组成；所述激光打孔装置包括激光光源，置于激光光源出射光路中的光束扫描装置，置于所述光束扫描装置折射光路中的聚焦镜，所述聚焦镜将激光汇聚至烟支表面；所述负压吸风传输装置包括传输带和立在所述传输带上的吸嘴安装支架，所述吸嘴安装支架上设有旋转吸嘴，所述旋转负压吸嘴上连有吸嘴中空轴，所述吸嘴中空轴连通负压吸风腔，使得吸嘴能够吸附烟支在输送装置上运行。
所述光束扫描装置用于形成激光光束的扫描区域，为旋转镜面、旋转多面镜、往复振动镜片、光学衍射装置中的一种。优选为旋转多面镜。
进一步的，动态扫描法：随吸嘴带动的烟支运行从A运行至B，并完成360°旋转，其间光束扫描完成有n个吸嘴区间，包含n+1支烟；
棱镜的某一面镜面，扫描打孔区域内所有的烟支，在每一支烟支上都打一个孔，而随即下一面镜面继续扫描，在上述烟支上形成相邻的下一个孔。周而复始完成烟支上所需的所有孔洞的成型。
按此工作方式，棱镜的某一面镜面在同一支烟支完成相邻两个孔洞的打孔，所需的脉冲时序和棱镜旋转速度计算如下：
烟支输送速度Nb、旋转多面镜-C面、旋转多面镜速度-N1、打孔孔数-N、棱镜扫描角-α、打孔区域实际扫描-β、扫描光优选与烟支运行方向相对；
棱镜每一个面完成打孔区域内每烟支上打一个孔，所需激光时序T1的计算如下：设定某一镜面的光束，完成1#烟支打孔后，继续向2#烟支运行，在2’位置与2#烟支相遇，从而在2#烟支上打一个孔，1#烟支与2#烟支之间间隔L/n，
2N1*T1+Nb*T1＝L/n，T1＝L/n*(2N1+Nb)；
设定某一镜面的光束，完成1#烟支打一个孔后，由下一面镜面继续在1#烟支上打出相邻的另一个孔：
相邻孔的时间间隔T2:
烟支从A运行到B的总时长＝n/Nb，烟支旋转360度
期间完成N个孔
所以T2＝n/(N*Nb)。
进一步的静态扫描法：随吸嘴带动烟支运行，烟支在一个节距长度内即完成至少360°得旋转，其间光束扫描只完成1支烟的扫描打孔；
此时，多面旋转棱镜的旋转方向即扫描光束得运行方向与烟支运行方向一致，且速度相同。
如此棱镜的每个面均轮流跟踪一支烟支的旋转和运行全过程，即一个棱镜面跟踪某一烟支直到其完成360度旋转，完成所有孔的成型后，下一个棱镜面再继续跟踪下一支烟。
烟支输送速度Nb(支烟/分)、烟支运行一个节距的时长T、
旋转多面镜-C面、旋转多面镜速度-N1、打孔孔数-N、棱镜光束扫描角-α、烟支旋转360度形成打孔区域对应实际扫描-β，其中α大于β，烟支运行一个节距时长T。
棱镜光束扫描角α＝2*360/C
烟支旋转系数β/α
烟支完成360度需要时长＝T*β/α、打孔脉冲的间隔时长＝T*(1-β/α)
旋转多面镜速度：N1＝Nb/C，
时序为：两支卷烟之间所需打孔脉冲时间间隔T2＝T*(1-β/α)，
同一烟支所需打孔脉冲的时序T1＝T*β/(α*N)。
在卷烟机安装本方案后，具有以下的优点：
由于打孔装置安置在烟支调头轮或后序轮系之后，所以无须改变原有机器的鼓轮轮系相位以适应打孔烟支旋转所需要的相位变化，且因没有拨滚、没有鼓轮，形成设备机械结构简单、维护工作量很少的特点；
打孔位置远离功能性的鼓轮(搓烟轮、一切二、分离轮、检测轮等)，能够减少机器的故障率，减少因加装激光打孔对原有机器性能的影响；
对于超高速卷烟机组，无须分离成两路打孔，也无须改变原机器的控制软件，以对两路打孔所产生的不同相位差进行的补偿；
双柱面镜如此的配合，可以保持原激光器光斑特性的持续，从而具有较好的聚焦特性；
整形与聚焦镜以及烟支吸嘴的同步运行，使得聚焦镜与烟支之间没有速度差，确保光束聚焦孔型的良好；
一个吸嘴对应一组整形与聚焦镜，实现整形与聚焦镜以及烟支吸嘴的同步运行的设置，避免了聚焦装置高速跟踪烟支和高速旋转形成的高惯性，避免了因高惯性形成的跟踪滞后性，也简化了聚焦装置的结构，提高了打孔装置跟踪应对机器速度变化的灵活性；
控制方法与上述结构的配合，可以很好地实现高速的配套打孔、低惯性的灵活跟踪、任意设定的孔数、低棱镜转速的易于实现、维护操作的简单化等性能，具有很高的推广价值。
图1：结构原理图；
图2：安装位置；
图3：光束线性变化原理；
图4：逆行扫描时多面旋转棱镜的一支烟支相邻孔之间的打孔脉冲序列；
图4-1：逆行中心光扫描的一支烟支相邻孔之间的打孔脉冲序列；
图4-2：顺行扫描时多面旋转棱镜的一支烟支相邻孔之间的打孔脉冲序列；
图5：逆行扫描时相邻烟支之间的打孔脉冲序列；
图5-1：顺行扫描时相邻烟支之间的打孔脉冲序列；
图6激光打孔脉冲时序图；
图7：控制系统构成；
图8：实施例3的立体结构示意图；
图9：实施例3的原理结构示意图；
图10：实施例3中负压吸嘴自转原理示意图。
图11：实施例3的动态扫描运算示意图；
图12：实施例3的静态扫描运算示意图；
图13：实施例3的静态扫描运算的脉冲时序示意图
实施例1
下面结合附图对本产品做进一步的介绍：
该打孔机主要有如下几个部件组成：
①安置在卷烟接嘴机调头轮的后续鼓轮轮系上，或接于后续鼓轮轮系之后，即双倍长度烟支已由一切二分切为两支独立烟支，并经调头轮调头，烟支过滤嘴同处于一侧的轮系内或轮系之后。
②烟支由若干均匀分布于鼓轮圆周的吸嘴吸附，并在沿鼓轮圆周运行的同时，围绕吸嘴轴线旋转。在一定角度β区域内完成烟支360°的旋转，每一个吸嘴具有对应的一个聚焦镜以及光束整形镜，该聚焦镜与光束整形镜安置在一个随鼓轮同步旋转的环/鼓上，所述聚焦环/鼓围绕鼓轮中心旋转。所述聚焦环的每一个中心轴线与相应烟支的中点、鼓轮中心的形成一直线。
特点：聚焦环/鼓，与烟支吸嘴和鼓轮进行同步旋转，速度慢，机械惯性小。
③位于鼓轮中心点附近的光束扫描装置，将脉冲入射光通过旋转镜面(包括多棱镜)、往复振动镜片(包括振镜)、光学衍射装置(包括激光偏转装置)， 优选旋转镜面(包括多棱镜)形成一个在β区域内扇形分布的光束群。再优选6-12面旋转镜面的多棱镜。
该光束群的每一束激光均扫描照射都聚焦环/鼓的光束整形镜和聚焦镜上。所述旋转镜面由伺服系统控制跟踪进入β角度区域内的每一支烟支，以及每一支烟支需打孔的相位。β角度区域内优选45-150度，优选90度。
旋转镜直径小，柱面镜整形后的光斑线性聚焦照射在反射面上，面积小，所以机械惯性小，能够进行高速旋转并跟踪烟支的相位变化。
柱面镜-1：将入射的圆形光斑整形，使得入射光进行单轴方向的、线性的汇集，焦点在旋转镜的表面附近，所述单轴方向、线性的长轴方向与旋转镜片的中心轴方向平行；这样，旋转镜的反射面尺寸小，有利于减小机械惯性。
柱面镜-2：其焦点反向设置在旋转镜反射面附近，并经反射镜反射后的单轴方向线性分布的光束表现为扩散性光斑，经过柱面镜-2整形后为圆形或矩形的、平行光光束；
聚焦镜：对上述圆形或矩形的平行光的光束进行聚焦，从而能够保证激光的汇聚质量。
设备特征：
棒状的烟支在所述鼓轮上围绕鼓轮中心轴公转的同时，围绕自身轴线自转：棒状的烟支在所述鼓轮上围绕鼓轮中心轴公转一周，棒状物自转3-9周，优选3-4周。在鼓轮角度60-120度的范围里设置有n个棒状烟支。
所述旋转镜面(包括多棱镜)、往复振动镜片(包括振镜)、光学衍射装置(包括激光偏转装置)为用于形成光束的扫描区域，优选旋转多面棱镜。所述旋转多面棱镜为6-8面镜，棱镜的旋转方向为顺鼓轮旋转方向、或逆鼓轮旋转方向旋转，光束经过每一镜面反射后形成鼓轮的60-120度范围的扫描区域。
聚焦环/鼓围绕鼓轮中心旋转，鼓轮周围每一支烟支均对应一个聚焦镜以及光束整形镜，所述聚焦环/鼓围绕鼓轮中心同步旋转。
柱面镜-1：将入射的圆形光斑整形，使得入射光进行单轴方向的、线性的汇集，焦点在旋转镜的表面附近，所述单轴方向、线性的长轴方向与旋转镜片的中心轴方向平行；这样，旋转镜的反射面尺寸小，有利于减小机械惯性。
柱面镜-2：其焦点反向设置在旋转镜反射面附近，并经反射镜反射后的单轴方向线性分布的光束表现为扩散性光斑，经过柱面镜-2整形后为圆形或矩形的、平行光光束；
聚焦镜：对上述圆形或矩形的平行光的光束进行聚焦，从而能够保证激光的汇聚质量。
旋转多棱镜由多面棱镜、驱动马达、速度或/和相位传感器构成。
控制方法及特征：
方法特征：
步骤1、所述旋转多面棱镜相对于烟支运行方向进行逆行旋转或顺行旋转；
对应扫描打孔区域内，烟支运行的同时还进行围绕自身轴线进行360度自转；
步骤2、当所述旋转多面棱镜的某个面收到入射光时，该入射光的脉冲时序与旋转多面棱镜的速度和相位、以及打孔区域内分布并运动的每一烟支进行匹配，使得该反射面分别把每束脉冲入射光均对应地反射至所扫描到的每支烟支上，而一次完成在扫描打孔区域内所有烟支上都形成一个孔的扫描；
此时所述入射光的脉冲时序与旋转多面棱镜的速度和相位匹配，使得前一烟支完成打孔后且下一相邻的烟支运行到达某一位置时，多面棱镜的该反射面也刚好扫描至该位置，把对应的下一束脉冲光束，反射至该下一支烟支而完成打孔；
该入射光的脉冲时序与旋转多面棱镜的速度和相位、烟支运行的速度、相邻两支烟支之间距离、打孔区域内烟支分布和数量相关联；
步骤3、所述多面棱镜的下一面镜面，对应扫描打孔区域内所有烟支上相邻 的下一个孔洞的扫描；
此时所述入射光的脉冲时序与旋转多面棱镜的速度和相位如此的匹配，使得烟支自旋一个相邻孔位的角度后且运行到达某一位置时，多面棱镜的该反射面也刚好扫描至该位置，把对应的脉冲光束，反射至该支烟支上而形成的相邻孔位的打孔；
该入射光的脉冲时序与旋转多面棱镜的速度和相位、鼓轮运行的速度、打孔区域的长短、烟支自旋一个相邻孔位的角度所需的时间、烟支上孔数的设定相关联；
步骤4、重复步骤2、3直至烟支上打满预设个数孔为止。
旋转多棱镜的反射镜面、在驱动马达控制下，使得输出脉动光束成为一个大于或等于棒状烟支自转360度所需的扇形的角度范围60-240度，优选120度。
旋转鼓轮圆周有Nd个吸嘴槽位，烟支由吸嘴带动围绕吸嘴中轴自转，由鼓轮带动吸嘴进行公转。烟支围绕鼓轮公转1转，围绕吸嘴中轴自转4周，形成90度的打孔区域，该区域内包含有Nd/4或(Nd/4+1)支烟支。
每支棒状烟支均安置有独立的整形和聚焦镜，即旋转环/鼓上安置有Nd个整形镜和聚焦镜。所以，可以在任意点进行激光的聚焦而实现任意孔数的打孔。
脉冲式的激光光束，经由旋转多面棱镜的每一个面改变反射角后，在上述扫描打孔区域范围内的Nd/4或(Nd/4+1)个棒状物的每一个烟支上都形成一个孔。
旋转多棱镜由多面棱镜、驱动马达、速度或/和相位传感器构成，优选6面-8面棱镜，再优选6面棱镜。
重复发射脉动激光光束序列、配合旋转多面棱镜的相位和/或速度控制，从而在每一支卷烟的圆周上实现所需的孔洞。
2、计算公式：
同一支烟支完成相邻两个孔洞的打孔，所需的脉冲时序和棱镜旋转速度 计算如下：
①逆行扫描时动态扫描系数计算法：
所述烟支旋转一周需时间：1/(Nf*b)；相邻孔的时间间隔：
T2＝1/(Nf*b*N)；
前一个反射面完成一支烟打孔后，该烟支自旋一个相邻孔位的角度后且运行到达某一位置时，烟支运行距离＝Nf*T2；
下一个反射面也刚好扫描至该位置，必须在此位置完成另一个打孔，才能形成烟支上相邻孔洞的成型，此时，下一个棱镜面或扫描光束已经运行距离＝2*N1*T2，两者之和应该等于棱镜相邻两个反射面或扫描光束所包含的鼓轮弧长；
Nf*T2+2*N1*T2＝β/C,
棱镜旋转速度：2*N1＝β/(C*T2)-T2*Nf；N1＝(β*b*N/C-1)*Nf/2；
对应打孔脉冲的序列周期为：T2＝1/(b*N*Nf)；
其中：孔数-N、鼓轮转速-Nf、鼓轮转1圈烟支围绕吸嘴中轴自转-b圈、棱镜的面数-C、棱镜转速-N1、β扫描系数、打孔范围内烟支间隔数n，β具体为中心光束扫描应用时为1、多棱镜扫描应用时为2；
②顺行扫描时动态扫描系数计算法：
所述烟支旋转一周需时间：1/(Nf*b)；相邻孔的时间间隔：
T2＝1/(Nf*b*N)；
前一个反射面完成一支烟打孔后，该烟支自旋一个相邻孔位的角度后且运行到达某一位置时，烟支运行距离＝Nf*T2；
下一个反射面也刚好扫描至该位置，必须在此位置完成另一个打孔，才能形成烟支上相邻孔洞的成型，此时，下一个棱镜面或扫描光束已经运行距离＝2*N1*T2，应该等于棱镜相邻两个反射面或扫描光束所包含的鼓轮弧长β/C与烟支运行距离Nf*T2之和。
2*N1*T2＝Nf*T2+β/C,
棱镜旋转速度：N1＝β*b*N/2*C+Nf/2；
对应打孔脉冲的序列周期为：T2＝1/(b*N*Nf)；
其中：孔数-N、鼓轮转速-Nf、鼓轮转1圈烟支围绕吸嘴中轴自转-b圈、棱镜的面数-C、棱镜转速-N1、β扫描系数(中心光束扫描应用时为1、多棱镜扫描应用时为2)、打孔范围内烟支间隔数n。
③逆行扫描时静态扫描法：
烟支完成自转一周打N孔，则需要N个棱镜面，所述烟支旋转一周需时间：1/(Nf*b)；
烟支相邻孔之间的时间间隔：T2＝1/(b*Nf*N)；
棱镜在T2时间内运行距离＝N1*T2；
对应棱镜两个面行走的弧长：α*1/C；
即：N1*T2＝α/C；
多面镜旋转速度：N1＝1/(C*T2)＝α*b*N*Nf/c；
对应打孔脉冲的序列周期为：T2，
其中：孔数-N、鼓轮转速-Nf、鼓轮转1圈烟支围绕吸嘴中轴自转-b圈、棱镜的面数-C、棱镜转速-N1、α扫描系数、打孔范围内烟支间隔数n，α与孔数N有关，为小于1的常数。
④顺行扫描时静态扫描法：
烟支完成自转一周打N孔，则需要N个棱镜面，所述烟支旋转一周需时间：1/(Nf*b)；
烟支相邻孔之间的时间间隔：T2＝1/(b*Nf*N)；
棱镜在T2时间内运行距离＝N1*T2；
对应棱镜两个面扫描行走的弧长：α*1/C；
即：N1*T2＝α/C；
多面镜旋转速度：N1＝1/(C*T2)＝α*b*N*Nf/c；
对应打孔脉冲的序列周期为：T2，
其中：孔数-N、鼓轮转速-Nf、鼓轮转1圈烟支围绕吸嘴中轴自转-b圈、棱镜的面数-C、棱镜转速-N1、打孔范围内烟支间隔数n，α扫描系数、α与孔数N有关，为大于1的常数。
进一步的，所述旋转多面棱镜与烟支的配合关系还表现为--同一面镜面，完成相邻烟支的各一个孔，所需的脉冲时序的计算如下：
①逆行扫描时所需的脉冲时序的计算如下：
每个镜面逐一扫描过相邻的两支烟支之间距离：1/n*b；
一个镜片完成前一支烟支打孔后，其扫描光束继续向下一支烟支运行，两者相遇时，扫描光束行走距离＝2N1*T1，烟支行走＝Nf*T1，双方到达相遇位置所需的时间即为T1；
使得：1/n*b＝2N1*T1+Nf*T1；时序T1＝1/b*n*(2N1+Nf)；
②顺行扫描时所需的脉冲时序的计算如下：
每个镜面逐一扫描过相邻的两支烟支之间距离：1/n*b；
一个镜片完成前一支烟支打孔后，其扫描光束继续向下一支烟支运行，
两者相遇时，扫描光束行走距离＝2N1*T1，烟支行走＝Nf*T1，双方到达相遇位置所需的时间即为T1；
使得：2N1*T1＝1/n*b+Nf*T1；时序T1＝1/b*n*(2N1-Nf)；
其中：孔数-N、鼓轮转速-Nf、鼓轮转1圈烟支围绕吸嘴中轴自转-b圈、棱镜的面数-C、棱镜转速-N1、打孔范围内烟支间隔数n。
中心光束扫描即光束沿反射镜片中轴入射，镜片法线角度变化即为反射光束的角度变化；
烟支旋转一周需要时长T＝1/b*Nf；
烟支上相邻两个孔间隔的时长T2＝T/N＝1/b*N*Nf；
前一束光在一烟支完成一个孔后，该烟支继续行走：Nf*T2；
后一束扫描光已经行走：N1*T2；
Nf*T2+N1*T2＝0.5；
双面镜旋转速度：N1＝(0.5*b*N-1)*Nf；
其中：孔数-N、鼓轮转速-Nf、鼓轮转1圈烟支围绕吸嘴中轴自转-b圈、棱镜的面数＝2、棱镜转速-N1。
激光脉冲的时序T的计算：
优选：旋转棱镜的扫描旋转方向与棒状烟支鼓轮旋转方向相对；
所述一个棱镜面每次只扫描打孔区域内的每一支烟上的一个孔，N个孔即要N个棱镜面。
实施例2：
作为一种改进，烟支沿鼓轮圆周公转运行，吸附在吸嘴上，没有自转动作，只有进入打孔区域，烟支才开始自旋。
简单来讲就是：烟支自转的打孔区域即为激光扫描区域,只有在此区域烟支才会绕轴自转一周,此时烟支自转一周的过程中进行激光穿孔,直到打孔结束。控制方法与实施例1一样。
在卷烟机安装本方案后，具有以下的优点：
由于打孔装置安置在烟支调头轮或后序轮系之后，所以无须改变原有机器的鼓轮轮系相位以适应打孔烟支旋转所需要的相位变化，且因没有拨滚、没有鼓轮，形成设备机械结构简单、维护工作量很少的特点；
打孔位置远离功能性的鼓轮(搓烟轮、一切二、分离轮、检测轮等)，能够减少机器的故障率，减少因加装激光打孔对原有机器性能的影响；
对于超高速卷烟机组，无须分离成两路打孔，也无须改变原机器的控制软 件，以对两路打孔所产生的不同相位差进行的补偿；
双柱面镜如此的配合，可以保持原激光器光斑特性的持续，从而具有较好的聚焦特性；
整形与聚焦镜以及烟支吸嘴的同步运行，使得聚焦镜与烟支之间没有速度差，确保光束聚焦孔型的良好；
一个吸嘴对应一组整形与聚焦镜，实现整形与聚焦镜以及烟支吸嘴的同步运行的设置，避免了聚焦装置高速跟踪烟支和高速旋转形成的高惯性，避免了因高惯性形成的跟踪滞后性，也简化了聚焦装置的结构，提高了打孔装置跟踪应对机器速度变化的灵活性；
控制方法与上述结构的配合，可以很好地实现高速的配套打孔、低惯性的灵活跟踪、任意设定的孔数、低棱镜转速的易于实现、维护操作的简单化等性能，具有很高的推广价值。
实施例3：
本打孔机为一种安装在卷烟机尾部，烟支为水平运行，所以传动简单安装方便，不影响卷烟机的结构和运行，且对烟支无损坏，实现稳定打孔。
主要由激光光源、光束扫描装置、聚焦镜、烟支、吸附烟支的旋转吸嘴、吸嘴中空轴、安置于吸嘴中空轴另一端的摩擦轮、与摩擦轮匹配的摩擦皮带、以及吸嘴安装支架、烟支输送装置和负压吸风腔、以及两个个动力源构成。
多个吸嘴安装支架固定安置在输送装置上带动烟支吸嘴直线运行，吸嘴吸附烟支，烟支的过滤嘴部位伸出吸嘴长度区域之外；输送装置由动力源-1驱动；
负压吸风腔安置在输送装置的一侧，通过输送装置的孔洞与吸嘴中空轴匹配，将烟支吸附在旋转吸嘴中；吸嘴轴的另一端通过小齿形轮与长齿形条啮合、或小摩擦轮与摩擦带啮合带动烟支吸嘴围绕中心轴旋转；小齿形轮与长齿形条为小齿轮与齿条、或者为小齿形轮与齿形皮带，或小摩擦轮与摩擦带，优选为摩擦轮与摩擦带配合；
输送装置优选为同步齿形带或链条输送带，进一步优选为同步齿形带，输送装置接动力源-1；
摩擦轮与摩擦皮带，优选为橡胶带与灰铸铁轮，由动力源-2驱动；
聚焦镜，优选f—θ场聚焦镜，位于同步齿形带上侧或下侧；所述激光光源的输出光束，通过光束扫描装置以及聚焦镜扫描烟支并实现聚焦打孔；
光束扫描装置为高速振镜或光学偏转器件或旋转扫描多棱镜，优选为旋转多面棱镜；
输送装置的同步齿形带的齿形面，其传动齿面如此设置，两侧的齿面与传动轮匹配；
齿形轮的外形与皮带相匹配；
皮带的中部为光面段，每隔一距离设置有一孔洞，该孔洞的间隔与两吸嘴之间距离相匹配，用于负压气流的流通；光面段一侧为负压吸风腔，腔体一长方体，一面为开口面，该面与皮带光面段相互紧贴，使得来之负压吸风腔的负压，能够尽量少的泄露而通过孔洞、中空轴吸住烟支；
稳定装置，安置在输送装置的皮带两侧，轻微接触支架两侧的齿形带，以稳定皮带的运行，防止皮带的上下波动；所述的稳定装置为长形压条稳定装置或轴承式稳定装置。
该打孔机的控制方法：
按此工作方式，棱镜的某一面镜面在同一支烟支完成相邻两个孔洞的打孔，所需的脉冲时序和棱镜旋转速度计算如下：
烟支输送速度Nb、旋转多面镜-C面、旋转多面镜速度-N1、打孔孔数-N、棱镜扫描角-α、打孔区域实际扫描-β、扫描光优选与烟支运行方向相对；
棱镜每一个面完成打孔区域内每烟支上打一个孔，所需激光时序T1的计算如下：设定某一镜面的光束，完成1#烟支打孔后，继续向2#烟支运行，在2’位置与2#烟支相遇，从而在2#烟支上打一个孔，1#烟支与2#烟支之间间隔L/n，
2N1*T1+Nb*T1＝L/n，T1＝L/n*(2N1+Nb)；
设定某一镜面的光束，完成1#烟支打一个孔后，由下一面镜面继续在1#烟支上打出相邻的另一个孔：
相邻孔的时间间隔T2:
烟支从A运行到B的总时长＝n/Nb，烟支旋转360度，
期间完成N个孔，
所以T2＝n/(N*Nb)。
进一步的静态扫描法：随吸嘴带动烟支运行，烟支在一个节距长度内即完成至少360°得旋转，其间光束扫描只完成1支烟的扫描打孔；
此时，多面旋转棱镜的旋转方向即扫描光束得运行方向与烟支运行方向一致，且速度相同。
如此棱镜的每个面均轮流跟踪一支烟支的旋转和运行全过程，即一个棱镜面跟踪某一烟支直到其完成360度旋转，完成所有孔的成型后，下一个棱镜面再继续跟踪下一支烟。
烟支输送速度Nb(支烟/分)、烟支运行一个节距的时长T、
旋转多面镜-C面、旋转多面镜速度-N1、打孔孔数-N、棱镜光束扫描角-α、烟支旋转360度形成打孔区域对应实际扫描-β，其中α大于β，烟支运行一个节距时长T。
棱镜光束扫描角α＝2*360/C
烟支旋转系数β/α
烟支完成360度需要时长＝T*β/α、打孔脉冲的间隔时长＝T*(1-β/α)
旋转多面镜速度：N1＝Nb/C，
时序为：两支卷烟之间所需打孔脉冲时间间隔T2＝T*(1-β/α)，
同一烟支所需打孔脉冲的时序T1＝T*β/(α*N)。
在卷烟机安装本方案后，具有以下的优点：
由于打孔装置安置在烟支调头轮或后序轮系之后，所以无须改变原有机器的鼓轮轮系相位以适应打孔烟支旋转所需要的相位变化，且因没有拨滚、没有鼓轮，形成设备机械结构简单、维护工作量很少的特点；
打孔位置远离功能性的鼓轮(搓烟轮、一切二、分离轮、检测轮等)，能够减少机器的故障率，减少因加装激光打孔对原有机器性能的影响；
对于超高速卷烟机组，无须分离成两路打孔，也无须改变原机器的控制软件，以对两路打孔所产生的不同相位差进行的补偿；
双柱面镜如此的配合，可以保持原激光器光斑特性的持续，从而具有较好的聚焦特性；
整形与聚焦镜以及烟支吸嘴的同步运行，使得聚焦镜与烟支之间没有速度差，确保光束聚焦孔型的良好；
一个吸嘴对应一组整形与聚焦镜，实现整形与聚焦镜以及烟支吸嘴的同步运行的设置，避免了聚焦装置高速跟踪烟支和高速旋转形成的高惯性，避免了因高惯性形成的跟踪滞后性，也简化了聚焦装置的结构，提高了打孔装置跟踪应对机器速度变化的灵活性。
实施例4：
该实施例为实施例3的变形结构，由至少两个同步带按下图设置构成上述的输送装置的效果。或由至少两根链条传动，按上图设置，构成输送装置的效果
支架纵向与齿形轮长轴方向平行，皮带中心隔一定距离，即设置有一个孔洞，用于负压气流通过，所述气架正好位于孔洞上方，并覆盖住孔洞。
烟支旋转，由皮带带动支架和吸嘴从而带动烟支运行，使得小齿轮在齿条上面滚动或者摩擦轮在摩擦带上滚动，从而带动烟支沿纵轴方向旋转至少360度；
所述的烟支旋转的另一种方式，由皮带带动支架和吸嘴从而带动烟支运行， 而吸嘴轴另一端的小齿形轮与啮合的齿形皮带由动力源2驱动，获得独立的传动速比，以此带动烟支沿纵轴方向旋转至少360度；
除上述实施例外，本发明还可以有其他实施方式。凡采用等同替换或等效变换形成的技术方案，均落在本发明要求的保护范围。
Claims (22)
- 一种在线式烟支打孔机，其特征在于：安置在卷烟接嘴机调头轮的后续鼓轮轮系上，或接于后续鼓轮轮系之后，包括表面周向设有吸嘴的鼓轮，当鼓轮正常运转时，每个吸嘴上吸附有一根烟支，所述烟支的一端外伸出鼓轮外，在每根烟支外伸端的内侧设有对应的一组聚焦镜，所述聚焦镜随鼓轮上的吸嘴同步运行；鼓轮中心点附近设有光束扫描装置，光束扫描装置的入射端设在激光光源的出射光路中，所述光束扫描装置射出的每一束激光均对应一组聚焦镜，所述聚焦镜射出的聚焦光束聚焦在对应的烟支外伸端表面。
- 根据权利要求1所述的在线式烟支打孔机，其特征在于：所述激光光源通过柱面镜1光束变换后射入光束扫描装置的入射端；每一组所述聚焦镜与光束扫描装置之间均安置有一组光束整形镜，所述光束整形镜与聚焦镜同步运行。
- 根据权利要求1所述的在线式烟支打孔机，其特征在于：所述柱面镜1的输出光束，形状为狭窄的线性聚焦光斑，照射在光束扫描装置的反射面上，该线性光斑的线性方向为平行于光束扫描装置输出光束的扫描运动方向的轴线；所述柱面镜1的焦点设定在光束扫描装置的反射面附近。
- 根据权利要求2所述的在线式烟支打孔机，其特征在于：所述光束扫描装置用于形成光束的扫描区域，为旋转镜面、旋转多面镜、往复振动镜片、光学衍射装置中的一种。
- 根据权利要求4所述的在线式烟支打孔机，其特征在于：所述光束扫描装置为旋转多面棱镜，棱镜的旋转方向为顺鼓轮旋转方向、或逆鼓轮旋转方向，光束经过每一镜面反射后形成鼓轮的60-240度范围的扫描区域。
- 根据权利要求5所述的在线式烟支打孔机，其特征在于：所述旋转多面棱镜为2-12面镜。
- 根据权利要求5所述的在线式烟支打孔机，其特征在于：所述旋转多 面棱镜为2-12面棱镜，光束经过每一镜面反射后形成鼓轮的60-240度扫描范围。
- 根据权利要求1、6或7所述的在线式烟支打孔机，其特征在于：光束扫描装置由同轴分布且同步旋转的50％反射/50％透射的半透镜片、以及与半透镜片输出光相反方向安装的100％反射镜片构成，所述的激光光束沿轴心线传输到镜片上，分成的两路激光位于同一个垂直面内，夹角180度，当电机旋转时两束光同时向相反的方向射出，扫过两个对边的聚焦镜片。
- 根据权利要求4所述的在线式烟支打孔机，其特征在于：往复振动镜片为振动反射镜，光学衍射装置为激光偏转装置。
- 根据权利要求1所述的在线式烟支打孔机，其特征在于：该打孔机安装在：双倍长度烟支已由卷烟机的一切二轮分切为两支独立烟支、并经调头轮调头、烟支过滤嘴同处于一侧的轮系内或轮系之后。
- 根据权利要求5所述的在线式烟支打孔机，其特征在于：旋转多面棱镜的扫描旋转方向为与棒状烟支运行方向相对逆向旋转或顺向旋转。
- 根据权利要求2所述的在线式烟支打孔机，其特征在于：光束整形镜为柱面镜、柱形凸镜、柱形凹镜或其他具有光束整形功能的器件。
- 根据权利要求12所述的在线式烟支打孔机，其特征在于：所述光束整形镜为柱形凸镜或柱形凹镜。
- 一种在线式烟支打孔控制方法，其特征在于：步骤1、所述旋转多面棱镜相对于烟支运行方向进行逆向旋转或者逆行扫描或者顺向旋转或者顺行扫描；对应扫描打孔区域内，烟支运行的同时还进行围绕自身轴线进行360度自转；步骤2、当所述旋转多面棱镜的某个面收到入射光时，该入射光的脉冲时序与旋转多面棱镜的速度和相位、以及打孔区域内分布并运动的每一烟支进行匹 配，使得该反射面分别把每束脉冲入射光均对应地反射至所扫描到的每支烟支上，而一次完成在扫描打孔区域内所有烟支上都形成一个孔的扫描；此时所述入射光的脉冲时序与旋转多面棱镜的速度和相位匹配，使得前一烟支完成打孔后且下一相邻的烟支运行到达某一位置时，多面棱镜的该反射面也刚好扫描至该位置，把对应的下一束脉冲光束，反射至该下一支烟支而完成打孔；该入射光的脉冲时序与旋转多面棱镜的速度和相位、烟支运行的速度、相邻两支烟支之间距离、打孔区域内烟支分布和数量等因素相关联；步骤3、所述多面棱镜的下一面镜面，对应打孔区域内所有烟支上相邻的下一个孔洞的扫描；此时所述入射光的脉冲时序与旋转多面棱镜的速度和相位如此的匹配，使得烟支自旋一个相邻孔位的角度后且运行到达某一位置时，多面棱镜的反射面也刚好扫描至该位置，把对应的脉冲光束，反射至该支烟支上而形成的相邻孔位的打孔；该入射光的脉冲时序与旋转多面棱镜的速度和相位、鼓轮运行的速度、打孔区域的长短、烟支自旋一个相邻孔位的角度所需的时间、烟支上孔数的设定等因素相关联；步骤4、重复步骤2、3直至烟支上打满预设个数孔为止。
- 根据权利要求14所述的在线式烟支打孔机控制方法，其特征在于：所述旋转多面棱镜的反射镜面在驱动马达控制下跟踪鼓轮烟支的速度运行，所述旋转多面棱镜的入射与法线之间角度变化的两倍等于输出光束的扇形扫描变化的角度，该角度大于或等于棒状烟支自转360度所需的扇形打孔区域的角度范围。
- 根据权利要求14或15所述的在线式烟支打孔控制方法，其特征在于：所述旋转多面棱镜与烟支的配合关系表现为--旋转多面棱镜的相邻两个镜面在同一支烟支上完成相邻两个孔洞的打孔，所需的脉冲时序和棱镜旋转速度计算如下：①逆行扫描时动态扫描系数计算法：所述烟支旋转一周需时间：1/(Nf*b)；相邻孔的时间间隔：T2＝1/(Nf*b*N)；前一个反射面完成一支烟打孔后，该烟支自旋一个相邻孔位的角度后且运行到达某一位置时，该烟支已经运行距离＝Nf*T2；下一个反射面及其脉冲光束也刚好扫描至该位置，在此位置完成下一个打孔，而形成烟支上相邻孔洞的成型，此时，下一个棱镜面或扫描光束已经运行距离＝2*N1*T2，两者之和应该等于棱镜相邻两个反射面或扫描光束所包含的鼓轮弧长；Nf*T2+2*N1*T2＝β/C,棱镜旋转速度：2*N1＝β/(C*T2)-T2*Nf；N1＝(β*b*N/C-1)*Nf/2；对应打孔脉冲的序列周期为：T2＝1/(b*N*Nf)；其中：孔数-N、鼓轮转速-Nf、鼓轮转1圈烟支围绕吸嘴中轴自转-b圈、棱镜的面数-C、棱镜转速-N1、β扫描系数、打孔范围内烟支间隔数n，β具体为中心光束扫描应用时为1、多棱镜扫描应用时为2；②顺行扫描时动态扫描系数计算法：所述烟支旋转一周需时间：1/(Nf*b)；相邻孔的时间间隔：T2＝1/(Nf*b*N)；前一个反射面完成一支烟打孔后，该烟支自旋一个相邻孔位的角度后且运行到达某一位置时，烟支运行距离＝Nf*T2；下一个反射面也刚好扫描至该位置，必须在此位置完成另一个打孔，才能形成烟支上相邻孔洞的成型，此时，下一个棱镜面或扫描光束已经运行距离＝2*N1*T2，应该等于棱镜相邻两个反射面或扫描光束所包含的鼓轮弧长β/C与烟支运行距离Nf*T2之和；2*N1*T2＝Nf*T2+β/C,棱镜旋转速度：N1＝β*b*N/2*C+Nf/2；对应打孔脉冲的序列周期为：T2＝1/(b*N*Nf)；其中：孔数-N、鼓轮转速-Nf、鼓轮转1圈烟支围绕吸嘴中轴自转-b圈、棱镜的面数-C、棱镜转速-N1、β扫描系数(中心光束扫描应用时为1、多棱镜扫描应用时为2)、打孔范围内烟支间隔数n；③逆行扫描时静态扫描法：烟支完成自转一周打N孔，则需要N个棱镜面，所述烟支旋转一周需时间：1/(Nf*b)；烟支相邻孔之间的时间间隔：T2＝1/(b*Nf*N)；棱镜在T2时间内运行距离＝N1*T2；对应棱镜两个面扫描行走的弧长：α*1/C；即：N1*T2＝α/C；多面镜旋转速度：N1＝1/(C*T2)＝α*b*N*Nf/c；对应打孔脉冲的序列周期为：T2，其中：孔数-N、鼓轮转速-Nf、鼓轮转1圈烟支围绕吸嘴中轴自转-b圈、棱镜的面数-C、棱镜转速-N1、α扫描系数、打孔范围内烟支间隔数n，α与孔数N有关，为小于1的常数；④顺行扫描时静态扫描法：烟支完成自转一周打N孔，则需要N个棱镜面，所述烟支旋转一周需时间：1/(Nf*b)；烟支相邻孔之间的时间间隔：T2＝1/(b*Nf*N)；棱镜在T2时间内运行距离＝N1*T2；对应棱镜两个面扫描行走的弧长：α*1/C；即：N1*T2＝α/C；多面镜旋转速度：N1＝1/(C*T2)＝α*b*N*Nf/c；对应打孔脉冲的序列周期为：T2，其中：孔数-N、鼓轮转速-Nf、鼓轮转1圈烟支围绕吸嘴中轴自转-b圈、棱镜的面数-C、棱镜转速-N1、打孔范围内烟支间隔数n，α扫描系数、α与孔数N有关，为大于1的常数。
- 根据权利要求14、15、16所述的在线式烟支打孔控制方法，其特征在于：所述旋转多面棱镜与烟支的配合关系还表现为--同一面镜面，完成相邻烟支的各一个孔，所需的脉冲时序的计算如下：①逆行扫描时所需的脉冲时序的计算如下：每个镜面逐一扫描过相邻的两支烟支之间距离：1/n*b；一个镜片完成前一支烟支打孔后，其扫描光束继续向下一支烟支运行，两者相遇时，扫描光束行走距离＝2N1*T1，烟支行走＝Nf*T1，双方到达相遇位置所需的时间即为T1；使得：1/n*b＝2N1*T1+Nf*T1；时序T1＝1/b*n*(2N1+Nf)；②顺行扫描时所需的脉冲时序的计算如下：每个镜面逐一扫描过相邻的两支烟支之间距离：1/n*b；一个镜片完成前一支烟支打孔后，其扫描光束继续向下一支烟支运行，两者相遇时，扫描光束行走距离＝2N1*T1，烟支行走＝Nf*T1，双方到达相遇位置所需的时间即为T1；使得：2N1*T1＝1/n*b+Nf*T1；时序T1＝1/b*n*(2N1-Nf)；其中：孔数-N、鼓轮转速-Nf、鼓轮转1圈烟支围绕吸嘴中轴自转-b圈、棱镜的面数-C、棱镜转速-N1、打孔范围内烟支间隔数n。
- 根据权利要求8所述的在线式烟支打孔控制方法，其特征在于：中心光束扫描即光束沿反射镜片中轴入射，镜片法线角度变化即为反射光束的角度变化；由前述知：烟支旋转一周需要时长T＝1/b*Nf；烟支上相邻两个孔间隔的时长T2＝T/N＝1/b*N*Nf；前一束光在一烟支完成一个孔后，该烟支继续行走：Nf*T2；后一束扫描光已经行走：N1*T2；Nf*T2+N1*T2＝0.5个鼓轮周长；所以双面镜旋转速度：N1＝(0.5*b*N-1)*Nf；其中：孔数-N、鼓轮转速-Nf、鼓轮转1圈烟支围绕吸嘴中轴自转-b圈、棱镜的面数＝2、棱镜转速-N1。
- 一种如权利要求1-7、9-14任一权利要求所述在线式烟支打孔机的控制系统，其特征在于：由激光器、控制装置、伺服马达或步进电机、传感器构成，旋转棱镜由伺服马达或步进电机带动，伺服马达或步进电机连接控制装置，由控制装置产生与棱镜的转速和相位相匹配的打孔脉冲；或者，由安装在旋转棱镜附近的传感器，检测棱镜的相位，经由控制装置发出相应的打孔脉冲。
- 一种如权利要求8所述在线式烟支打孔机的控制系统，其特征在于：主要由驱动马达、传动齿轮副、与鼓轮轴延长线同心的旋转空心轴、安装在空心轴一端的一个50％反射/50％透射的半透镜片、以及与半透镜片输出光相反方向安装的100％反射镜片构成，所述的激光光束沿轴心线传输到镜片上，分成的两路激光位于同一个垂直面内，夹角180度，当电机旋转时两束光同时向相反的方向射出，扫过两个对边的聚焦镜片。
- 一种在线式烟支打孔机，安装在卷烟机输出鼓轮与烟支储存装置之间，其特征在于：主要由激光打孔装置和负压吸风传输装置组成；所述激光打孔装置包括激光光源，置于激光光源出射光路中的光束扫描装置，置于所述光束扫描装置折射光路中的聚焦镜，所述聚焦镜将激光汇聚至烟支表面；所述负压吸 风传输装置包括传输带和立在所述传输带上的吸嘴安装支架，所述吸嘴安装支架上设有旋转吸嘴，所述旋转负压吸嘴上连有吸嘴中空轴，所述吸嘴中空轴连通负压吸风腔，使得吸嘴能够吸附烟支在输送装置上运行；所述光束扫描装置用于形成激光光束的扫描区域，为旋转镜面、旋转多面镜、往复振动镜片、光学衍射装置中的一种。优选为旋转多面镜；所述吸嘴中空轴远离烟支的一端，安置有传动副带动吸嘴中空轴旋转，所述的传动副由齿形轮和齿条、摩擦轮和摩擦条或带、齿形带轮和齿形带构成。
- 根据权利要求21所述的在线式烟支打孔机的控制方法：其特征在于，所述旋转多面棱镜与烟支的配合关系表现为：①动态扫描法：随吸嘴带动的烟支运行从A运行至B，并完成360°旋转，其间光束扫描完成有n个吸嘴区间，包含n+1支烟，扫描光优选与烟支运行方向相逆；棱镜的某一面镜面，扫描打孔区域内所有的烟支，在每一支烟支上都打一个孔，而随即下一面镜面继续扫描，在上述烟支上形成相邻的下一个孔。周而复始完成烟支上所需的所有孔洞的成型。按此工作方式，棱镜的某一面镜面在同一支烟支完成相邻两个孔洞的打孔，所需的脉冲时序和棱镜旋转速度计算如下：烟支输送速度Nb、旋转多面镜-C面、旋转多面镜速度-N1、打孔孔数-N、棱镜扫描角-α、打孔区域实际扫描-β、扫描光优选与烟支运行方向相逆；棱镜每一个面完成打孔区域内每烟支上打一个孔，所需激光时序T1的计算如下：设定某一镜面的光束，完成1#烟支打孔后，继续向2#烟支运行，在2’位置与2#烟支相遇，从而在2#烟支上打一个孔，1#烟支与2#烟支之间间隔L/n，2N1*T1+Nb*T1＝L/n，T1＝L/n*(2N1+Nb)；设定某一镜面的光束，完成1#烟支打一个孔后，由下一面镜面继续在1#烟支上打出相邻的另一个孔：相邻孔的时间间隔T2:烟支从A运行到B的总时长＝n/Nb，烟支旋转360度，期间完成N个孔，所以T2＝n/(N*Nb)；②静态扫描法：随吸嘴带动烟支运行，如此设置使得烟支在一个节距长度内即完成至少360°得旋转，其间一面棱镜镜面的光束扫描只完成1支烟的扫描打孔；此时，多面旋转棱镜的旋转方向即扫描光束得运行方向与烟支运行方向一致，且速度相同。如此棱镜的每个面均轮流跟踪每一支烟支的旋转和运行全过程，即一个棱镜面跟踪某一烟支直到其完成360度旋转，完成所有孔的成型后，下一个棱镜面再继续跟踪下一支烟。烟支输送速度Nb(支烟/分)、烟支运行一个节距的时长T、旋转多面镜-C面、旋转多面镜速度-N1、打孔孔数-N、棱镜光束扫描角-α、烟支旋转360度形成打孔区域对应实际扫描-β，其中α大于β，烟支运行一个节距时长T；棱镜光束扫描角α＝2*360/C，烟支旋转系数β/α，烟支完成360度需要时长＝T*β/α、打孔脉冲的间隔时长＝T*(1-β/α)，旋转多面镜速度：N1＝Nb/C，时序为：两支卷烟之间所需打孔脉冲时间间隔T2＝T*(1-β/α)，同一烟支所需打孔脉冲的时序T1＝T*β/(α*N)。
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114104830A (zh) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-03-01 | 武汉淡雅香生物科技有限公司 | 一种打孔机用的零米装置及打孔机 |
| CN114952041A (zh) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-08-30 | 青岛颐中科技有限公司 | 一种激光打孔装置 |
| CN114983009A (zh) * | 2022-07-18 | 2022-09-02 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种通风均匀的卷烟在线打孔结构及方法 |
| CN115606836A (zh) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-01-17 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | 烟支激光打孔防止阴燃的方法、装置、设备及存储介质 |
| WO2024016526A1 (zh) * | 2022-07-18 | 2024-01-25 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种通风均匀的卷烟在线打孔结构及方法 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114104830A (zh) * | 2021-12-02 | 2022-03-01 | 武汉淡雅香生物科技有限公司 | 一种打孔机用的零米装置及打孔机 |
| CN114952041A (zh) * | 2022-06-15 | 2022-08-30 | 青岛颐中科技有限公司 | 一种激光打孔装置 |
| CN114983009A (zh) * | 2022-07-18 | 2022-09-02 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种通风均匀的卷烟在线打孔结构及方法 |
| CN114983009B (zh) * | 2022-07-18 | 2023-11-24 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种通风均匀的卷烟在线打孔结构及方法 |
| WO2024016526A1 (zh) * | 2022-07-18 | 2024-01-25 | 云南中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种通风均匀的卷烟在线打孔结构及方法 |
| CN115606836A (zh) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-01-17 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | 烟支激光打孔防止阴燃的方法、装置、设备及存储介质 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN113473868B (zh) | 2023-01-31 |
| CN113473868A (zh) | 2021-10-01 |
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