WO2021027663A1 - 高导电耐用焊接导电嘴 - Google Patents

高导电耐用焊接导电嘴 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2021027663A1
WO2021027663A1 PCT/CN2020/107251 CN2020107251W WO2021027663A1 WO 2021027663 A1 WO2021027663 A1 WO 2021027663A1 CN 2020107251 W CN2020107251 W CN 2020107251W WO 2021027663 A1 WO2021027663 A1 WO 2021027663A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
main body
spring
conductive block
heat insulation
welding wire
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/107251
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
何强
何珍
汪年成
Original Assignee
何强
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201910737113.2A external-priority patent/CN110355452A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202010577419.9A external-priority patent/CN112427785A/zh
Application filed by 何强 filed Critical 何强
Priority to CN202080004133.XA priority Critical patent/CN112739483A/zh
Publication of WO2021027663A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021027663A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/24—Features related to electrodes
    • B23K9/26—Accessories for electrodes, e.g. ignition tips

Definitions

  • the technical field of the present invention belongs to the conductive tip for welding.
  • the present invention relates to the structure of a highly conductive and durable welding conductive tip, as well as a method for improving the conductivity and service life of the conductive tip. Its characteristic is that compared with the prior art, not only the service life and the electrical conductivity are significantly improved. Moreover, the structure is simpler and finer, the contact tip is not only easier to process; and the diameter is smaller, which is conducive to the flow of shielding gas and the protection of the molten pool; the length is shorter, which can meet the requirements of welding in narrow spaces, and is more adaptable Wide; and can be used continuously in extreme high-temperature environments with large currents.
  • the contact tip is a key component of MIG/MAG welding, and it mainly plays the role of transmitting electric energy to the welding wire.
  • the welding wire passes through the hole at a constant speed.
  • the welding wire rubs against the hole wall of the hole.
  • the hole becomes larger and larger by the welding wire.
  • the temperature of the contact tip The material becomes soft when raised, which further accelerates the wear of the hole.
  • the contact with the welding wire is not good, and the conductivity becomes worse. At this time, a new contact tip needs to be replaced.
  • a regular welding manufacturing company usually replaces a contact tip within 4-8 hours, which leads to extremely large consumption of the contact tip. Even if the traditional contact tip is replaced in time, the conductive performance will gradually decay as the hole wears during the use of the contact tip.
  • Shi Jianrong invented the long-acting conductive tip, patent number 2010101939023, trying to solve the shortcomings of the traditional conductive tip that the service life is short and the conductivity gradually decays as the welding proceeds.
  • the invention uses two clamping blocks at the front end of the conductive inner core to improve the service life of the contact tip, and tries to make the clamping block elastic, so that even after the clamping block is worn, it can always maintain good contact with the welding wire.
  • Shi Jianrong’s long-acting contact tip breaks through the structure of the traditional contact tip and provides a new design concept for improving the service life and conductivity of the contact tip, but it also has shortcomings.
  • the conductive mouth he invented is composed of a porcelain cap, a conductive inner core, and a tailstock. It can be judged according to the instructions and drawings of his application.
  • the tailstock is very useful. Not only does it have little effect, but it increases the length of the conductive mouth. .
  • the contact tip is only a small part, and the shortest model is only 20 mm. It is very difficult to implement the above technical solutions in such a short space.
  • the temperature of the welding arc is as high as 6000-12000°C. Although the ceramic cap can isolate the heat of the arc, after all, the distance between the contact tip and the arc is only 15-20 mm, and the high temperature of the ceramic cap will be quickly transmitted to the conductive core.
  • the temperature of the clamping block will naturally not be low.
  • the high temperature causes the copper clamping block to become soft and lose its elasticity and rigidity.
  • the distance between the clamping blocks increases under the action of the arc welding wire, so under the action of high temperature, Shi Jianrong's long-acting contact tip not only does not improve the conductivity at all, but it will significantly decrease, causing serious problems. Quality accidents.
  • the long-term contact tip has extremely poor high temperature resistance, which is the fatal flaw of the invention.
  • the present invention provides a more sophisticated conductive nozzle.
  • the conductive nozzle is divided into two parts: the main body and the heat insulating sleeve.
  • the front end of the main body is divided into two structures.
  • One structure is similar to the traditional conductive nozzle, and the front end of the main body of the other structure is symmetrically distributed with two conductive blocks.
  • the conductive block uses its own elasticity to clamp the welding wire, so that the welding wire is in full contact with the conductive block, and the conductive block is conductive for the welding wire and can be worn by the welding wire.
  • the heat insulation sleeve is fixed at the front end of the main body, and the conductive block is covered in the heat insulation sleeve.
  • the heat insulation sleeve isolates the heat from the molten pool for the conductive block, thereby well controlling the temperature of the conductive block.
  • a heat insulation groove or a heat dissipation groove is provided on the main body and the heat insulation sleeve; in addition, a heat insulation ring can be added between the heat insulation sleeve and the main body.
  • the main body should be prevented from being exposed with the strength, and the main body should be wrapped in the thermal jacket with the strength.
  • the front ends of the two conductive blocks are close together, and the welding wire through holes and the two conductive blocks are on the same axis.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the middle part of the main body of the two structures is circular, oval, racetrack or polygon, and the middle part has a connecting part on the side of the conductive block.
  • the heat insulation sleeve has a hollow structure, and the front end of the heat insulation sleeve has an escape hole, and the center of the escape hole is on the axis of the heat insulation sleeve.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the heat insulation sleeve is circular, oval, racetrack or polygonal.
  • the outer diameter of the heat shield should be the same as or smaller than the outer diameter of the contact tip body.
  • the rear end of the heat insulation sleeve is connected with the connection part of the main body, and the welding wire through hole of the main body and the escape hole of the heat insulation sleeve are on the same axis.
  • the heat insulation sleeve isolates the main body of the contact tip from the molten pool, so that the temperature of the contact tip body is always in a low state, and the wear resistance of the contact tip is improved.
  • the internal space of the heat insulation sleeve should be large enough to leave a certain gap between the front end of the contact tip and the heat insulation sleeve, especially to prevent the front end of the main body from contacting the heat insulation sleeve.
  • measures such as opening a heat-insulating groove or heat-radiating groove on the main body and the heat-insulating sleeve; adding a heat-insulating ring between the heat-insulating sleeve and the connecting part; wrapping the main body in the heat-insulating sleeve to further reduce the conductive nozzle The temperature of the main body.
  • the conventional contact tip In order to conduct electricity to the welding wire well, the conventional contact tip is generally made of copper with good electrical conductivity, but copper is relatively soft, has low yield strength and poor elasticity.
  • the long-acting contact tip invented by Shi Jianrong needs to provide a good clamping force to the welding wire even when the clamping block is worn, so as to ensure that the electric energy received by the welding wire does not decrease during the welding process. This requires that the clamping block has good elasticity, but the elasticity of copper is poor, so there is a contradiction between the two. If phosphor bronze, beryllium copper and other materials are used to improve the elasticity of the clamping block, the addition of alloy metal to this material will reduce the conductivity of the clamping block, so it is not a good solution.
  • the softer metal can also obtain good elasticity.
  • the elasticity of the clamping block is provided by the connecting piece.
  • the length of the connecting piece does not change, in order to obtain good elasticity, it is necessary to reduce the cross-sectional size of the connecting piece.
  • the small cross-sectional size makes the clamping force of the clamping block too small, which is not conducive to constraining the welding wire, reducing the accuracy of the welding wire and the welding seam. This situation is more obvious when using robots for automated welding. .
  • the length of the connecting piece has to be increased.
  • the nozzle is used to clamp the welding wire by adding 304, 17-7PH, 15-7Mo, 30W4Cr2VA, H13, GH2132, GH2135, GH4145, GH4169, GH4090, GH5605, Inconel X-750, Inconel718, Nimonic90 and other high yield strength,
  • the metal with high softening temperature is made into a spring to improve the elasticity of the contact tip.
  • a spring with good elasticity is installed on the conductive block of the main body to enhance the elasticity of the conductive block.
  • these metals made of the spring are not only elastic, but also have a high softening temperature, even if they are baked at a high temperature in the molten pool, In the case of high temperature, it can also have good elasticity, which solves this problem well.
  • the front end of the spring is divided into two symmetrically arranged elastic pieces, corresponding to two conductive blocks respectively, and the rear end of the spring is a fixing ring for fixing on the main body of the contact tip.
  • the spring can also be processed with wires of different cross-sections. Of course, the overall shape of the spring will also change accordingly.
  • the spring can be treated with chrome plating, copper plating and other anti-splash treatments.
  • spraying anti-spatter liquid on the spring is also a good method to avoid splash adhesion.
  • a spring is installed on the conductive block of the main body of the contact tip, and then the heat insulation is sleeved into the front end of the main body, and the main body, the spring and the heat insulation sleeve are used together to obtain the best use effect.
  • the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the front end of the main body of the contact tip has a symmetrically arranged conductive block, which conducts the welding wire and provides more material for the welding wire to wear than the conventional contact tip, which doubles the service life of the contact tip.
  • the conductivity of the contact tip is also improved.
  • the front end of the main body of the contact tip is fitted with a heat insulation sleeve to isolate the heat from the arc. No matter whether the front end of the main body has a structure with a conductive block or a structure with only a wire through hole like a traditional contact tip, it will reduce the temperature of the body of the contact tip. If it is lowered, the abrasion resistance will be better, and the service life will naturally increase.
  • the heat insulation sleeve is installed on the main body. Compared with the long-acting contact nozzle, the ceramic cap is connected to the tailstock. Not only can the diameter of the contact nozzle be reduced, but the biggest feature is that the length of the contact nozzle is shortened.
  • the conductive tip manufactured by adopting this technical solution becomes more refined and compact, can be used in a welding environment with a small space, and broadens the use range of the conductive tip.
  • a spring is arranged outside the conductive block.
  • the spring consists of 304, 17-7PH, 15-7Mo, 30W4Cr2VA, H13, GH2132, GH2135, GH4145, GH4169, GH4090, GH5605, Inconel X-750, Inconel718, which have excellent elasticity and high softening temperature.
  • Nimonic90 with the continuous development and progress of science and technology, there will be materials with better elasticity and higher softening temperature in the future
  • the elastic sheet of the spring is attached to the conductive block to increase the elasticity of the conductive block and make it conductive. The mouth becomes more delicate and compact.
  • the conductive block is made of copper, which makes it have good conductivity.
  • the spring is installed outside the conductive block to give the conductive block better elasticity. The organic combination of the two makes the performance of the conductive tip more superior.
  • Figure 1 is a structure diagram of a traditional high-conductivity and durable welding contact tip with heat insulation sleeve
  • Figure 3 is a structural diagram of a high-conductivity durable welding contact tip with a spring.
  • Figure 4 is a structural diagram of a highly conductive and durable welding contact tip whose spring structure is in the form of elastic ribs.
  • Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of a highly conductive and durable welding contact tip with a "V"-shaped spring structure.
  • Figure 7 is a structural diagram of a highly conductive and durable welding contact tip with tapered vias.
  • Fig. 8 is a structural diagram of a highly conductive and durable welding contact tip with a guide wire sleeve.
  • Figure 10 is a structural diagram of a highly conductive and durable welding contact tip with an extension.
  • Figure 11 is a structural diagram of a highly conductive and durable solder contact tip with a recessed button.
  • Figure 12 is a structural diagram of a highly conductive and durable welding contact tip with curled edges.
  • Figure 13 is a structural diagram of a highly conductive and durable welding contact tip with a thickened conductive block.
  • Figure 16 is a structural diagram of a highly conductive and durable welding contact tip with a rotating hole.
  • Figure 17 is a structural diagram of a highly conductive and durable welding contact tip with a coil spring.
  • Figure 19 is another structural diagram of the main body.
  • Figure 22 is a structural diagram of a contact tip using a "C" shaped spring.
  • Figure 23 is a structural diagram of several connection methods between the tail of the contact tip and the welding gun.
  • Figure 25 is a structural diagram of a leaf spring.
  • Figure 26 is a structural diagram of a highly conductive and durable welding contact tip with a wrench face on the main body.
  • Embodiment 1 As shown in FIG. 1, the conductive nozzle is composed of a main body 10 and a heat insulating sleeve 20.
  • the rear end of the main body 10 is connected with the welding gun, and the connection mode is determined according to the connection mode set on the welding gun with the contact tip.
  • the outer shape of the main body 10 is circular, oval, racetrack or polygonal.
  • On the axis of the main body 10 is a welding wire through hole 12, which is an equal diameter hole, slightly larger than the welding wire, so that the welding wire can pass smoothly.
  • the wire through hole 12 should not be too large, otherwise the performance of the contact tip for conducting the wire will be reduced. Make the weld penetration shallower, and even appear unfused defects.
  • the main body 10 has a connecting portion 11, and the connecting portion 11 connects the main body 10 and the heat insulation sleeve 20 together.
  • the connection between the main body 10 and the heat insulation sleeve 20 can be threaded connection, interference connection, pin connection, press-concave connection, welding and other forms.
  • the shape of the heat insulation sleeve 20 is circular, oval, racetrack or polygonal.
  • the interior of the heat insulating sleeve 20 is a cavity structure. The heat insulation sleeve 20 wraps the main body 10 in the cavity and reserves a certain gap. The gap enables the conductive nozzle to have a better heat insulation effect.
  • the function of the heat insulation groove 21 is to weaken the heat transfer ability of the heat insulation sleeve 20 when receiving the high temperature of the molten pool, so that the heat insulation sleeve 20 can be transferred to the main body 10 The heat is reduced to a minimum.
  • the number of the heat insulation grooves 21 is determined according to needs, and the heat insulation grooves 21 may be provided on the outer surface of the heat insulation sleeve 20 or on the inner surface as needed.
  • the heat insulation groove 21 can also be provided on the main body 10, especially at the part contacting the heat insulation sleeve 20.
  • the heat insulating sleeve 20 should wrap the main body 10 in its cavity as much as possible.
  • the front end of the heat insulation sleeve 20 has an escape hole 22, and the aperture of the escape hole 22 is larger than that of the welding wire to facilitate the passage of the welding wire.
  • the avoidance hole 22 and the wire through hole 12 on the main body 10 are on the same axis.
  • the inside of the main body 10 can also be unequal diameter holes.
  • the diameter of the unequal diameter holes at the welding wire outlet at the front end of the main body (10) is smaller than that of other areas, and the diameter of the small holes at the front end of the main body (10) is equivalent to the diameter of the welding wire.
  • the main body 10 still has a heat insulation sleeve 20, and when the hole at the front end of the main body 10 is enlarged by the welding wire, it can be repaired.
  • the method is to remove the heat shield 20 and apply an external force to the tip of the welding wire to reduce the abraded hole at the tip of the main body 10 to a level equivalent to the diameter of the welding wire. After repairing, install the heat insulation sleeve 20.
  • the same method is used to repair, so that the contact tip can be used repeatedly, thereby increasing the service life of the contact tip.
  • the outer diameter of the front end of the main body 10 can be appropriately reduced, that is, a thin-walled structure is adopted, and the wall thickness is about 0.1-2 mm. Even if the wire through hole 12 is an equal diameter hole, when welding, the wire wears the hole to make the hole diameter larger. At this time, remove the heat shield 20, and then shrink the wire through hole at the outlet of the wire body 10, It is also feasible to make the holes inside the main body 10 into unequal diameter holes.
  • the heat insulation sleeve 20 and the main body 10 be connected by thread.
  • a symmetrically distributed plane can also be processed on the heat insulation sleeve 20, which facilitates the use of tools such as a wrench to install the conductive tip on the welding gun, and also facilitates disassembly during replacement.
  • the symmetrically distributed plane can also be processed on the main body 10. If the main body 10 and the heat insulation sleeve 20 are polygonal and have a flat surface, no additional processing is required.
  • Embodiment 2 As shown in FIG. 2, the conductive nozzle is composed of a main body 10 and a heat insulating sleeve 20.
  • the front end of the main body 10 has two conductive blocks 13 (not limited to two) that are symmetrical.
  • the front ends of the two conductive blocks 13 are close together, and the close part is on the same axis as the wire through hole 12.
  • the cross-sectional size and length of the block 13 remain the same.
  • the conductive block 13 needs to have sufficient elasticity, so the ratio of the length to the cross-sectional size should be in a reasonable range. At the same time, the conductive block 13 also needs to have an appropriate clamping force.
  • the conductive block 13 needs to provide enough material for the welding wire to wear, so the cross-sectional size cannot be too small. In order to make the service life of the contact tip longer, the strength should be used to make the conductive block 13 and the welding wire have a longer contact surface.
  • the cross-sectional size of the conductive block 13 and the ratio of the length to the cross-sectional size need to be determined through accurate calculations and repeated trials, otherwise it will affect the performance of the conductive tip.
  • the rear end of the main body 10 is connected with the welding gun, and the connection mode is determined according to the connection mode of the welding gun.
  • the inside of the heat insulating sleeve 20 is a cavity, and the rear end is connected to the connecting portion 11 of the main body 10.
  • the connection mode can be threaded connection, interference connection, pin connection, indentation connection, welding, etc., as long as the heat insulation sleeve 20 can be fixed to the main body 10.
  • the heat insulation sleeve 20 is made of materials with good heat insulation performance, high temperature resistance, and resistance to welding spatter. In order to produce a good heat insulation effect, the heat of the heat insulation sleeve 20 is conducted to the conductive block 13 of the main body 10 to the minimum, so that the temperature of the conductive block 13 is not too high, and a heat insulation groove is provided at the rear end of the insulation sleeve 20 twenty one. The front end of the insulation sleeve 20 is closest to the molten pool, so the temperature there is the highest.
  • a groove that is, a heat insulation groove
  • the heat insulation groove 21 may be provided on the outer surface of the heat insulation sleeve 20 as required, or may be provided on the inner surface.
  • the heat-insulating groove 21 can also be provided on the main body 10, especially at the part contacting the heat-insulating sleeve 20, of course, it can also be at other parts.
  • the heat insulation sleeve 20 when the heat insulation sleeve 20 is assembled on the main body 10, it is intentionally not installed in place, leaving a little gap between the heat insulation sleeve 20 and the main body 10, which can also achieve the effect of heat insulation.
  • the front end of the heat insulation sleeve 20 has an escape hole 22, and the aperture of the escape hole 22 is larger than that of the welding wire to facilitate the passage of the welding wire.
  • the avoidance hole 22 and the wire through hole 12 on the main body 10 are on the same axis. In order to reduce the temperature of the conductive block 13, a proper gap should be reserved between the conductive block 13 and the heat insulation sleeve 20, and it should not be in direct contact with the heat insulation sleeve 20.
  • the hole can be reduced using the method of Embodiment 1, and the conductive tip can still be used repeatedly.
  • Embodiment 3 As shown in Fig. 3, the contact tip is composed of a main body 10 and a spring 30.
  • the rear end of the spring 30 is a fixed ring 31.
  • the cross-sectional shape of the fixed ring 31 can be a circle, an ellipse, a racetrack or a polygon, and the specific shape is determined according to actual needs.
  • the spring 30 is made of materials with good elasticity and high softening temperature, such as 304, 17-7PH, 15-7Mo, 30W4Cr2VA, H13, GH2132, GH2135, GH4145, GH4169, GH4090, GH5605, Inconel X-750, Inconel718, Nimonic90, etc.
  • the front end of the spring 30 is two elastic pieces 32 symmetrically distributed, and the elastic pieces 32 are in close contact with the conductive block 13 of the main body 10 to provide elastic force for the conductive block 13.
  • the conductive block 13 of the main body 10 may have the shape in Embodiment 1, that is, the overall cross-section is basically the same. However, since the spring 30 has good elasticity, the conductive block 13 itself also has a certain elasticity, and the two are superimposed together, and the elasticity is greater. It is easy to occur that the force of the conductive block 13 to clamp the welding wire is too large, and the risk of the welding wire not flowing out smoothly.
  • the rear half of the conductive block 13 can be processed into a flexible conductive sheet 14 (the flexible conductive sheet 14 is still a part of the conductive block 13), and the cross-sectional size of the flexible conductive block 14 is smaller than the front end of the conductive block 13. This reduces the elasticity of the conductive block 13 and only gives it a conductive function.
  • the fixing ring 31 is connected with the main body 10 to fix the spring 30 on the main body 10. Since the elastic sheet 32 needs to be stacked on the conductive block 13, appropriate measures should be taken to prevent the spring 30 from shifting and rotating.
  • the connection modes for preventing the displacement and rotation of the spring 30 include threaded connection, interference connection, pin connection, press-concave connection, welding and other forms.
  • the spring 30 may be subjected to anti-spatter treatments such as chrome plating and copper plating.
  • coating the spring 30 with an anti-splash liquid can also avoid splash adhesion.
  • the spring 30 provides sufficient elastic force for the conductive block 13, and the conductive block 13 itself has some elastic force. It may happen that the clamping force of the conductive block 13 is too high and the welding wire may not be smoothly discharged. However, if the cross-sectional size of the flexible conductive sheet 14 is reduced to make the conductive block 13 soft, the transmission of electric energy cannot be affected. If the soft guide piece 14 is made of a number of soft thin copper wires or thin copper sheets, the front section of the conductive block remains unchanged and still plays the role of clamping the welding wire. The thin copper wires and thin copper sheets not only play a role in transmitting electrical energy, but more importantly, they also make the entire conductive block 13 very flexible.
  • Embodiment 4 As shown in Fig. 4, this embodiment is another form of spring.
  • the spring 30 in this embodiment is composed of elastic ribs 33 and arc ribs 34, and the cross-sectional shape of the spring 30 is circular or polygonal.
  • the spring 30 is made of a high-temperature spring material.
  • the function of the arc rib 34 is to fix the spring 30 on the conductive block 13.
  • Each conductive block 13 has an arc rib 34.
  • the function of the elastic rib 33 is to make the spring 30 elastic.
  • the elastic rib 33 connects the upper and lower arcs. ⁇ 34.
  • the main body 10 has a receiving groove 15 for receiving the elastic rib 33 of the spring 30.
  • the rear end of the conductive block 13 can be processed into a soft guide piece 14, of course, if the elasticity is suitable, the soft guide piece 14 may not be processed.
  • a positioning groove 135 can be machined on the conductive block 13 and the arc rib 34 is placed on the positioning groove 135.
  • the curved rib 34 can be placed on the soft guide piece 14. Since the soft guide piece 14 has a smaller cross section than the front end of the conductive block 13, the spring 30 will not fall off.
  • the spring 30 may be subjected to anti-spatter treatments such as chrome plating and copper plating.
  • anti-spatter treatments such as chrome plating and copper plating.
  • coating the spring 30 with an anti-splash liquid can also avoid splash adhesion.
  • Embodiment 5 As shown in Fig. 5, the conductive block 13 is lengthened in the figure. The purpose is that the conductive block 13 can have sufficient elasticity without adding the spring 30. The conductive block 13 is too long, and the restraint on the welding wire becomes weak, which will cause the risk of improper and inaccurate output of the welding wire. In order to overcome this risk, a welding wire guide 40 is added to the axis of the main body. In order to better play the role of guiding the welding wire, the welding wire guide 40 should extend as far as possible to the front end of the main body 10. For this reason, the conductive block 13 is also subjected to avoidance treatment, and the tip of the wire guide 40 is also tapered as much as possible.
  • the welding wire guide 40 can be made of copper, or can be made of wear-resistant materials such as alloy steel, ceramics, etc., to improve the wear resistance of the welding wire guide 40. In this way, after the contact tip is used for a long time, the passage of the welding wire will not become larger and affect the conveying of the welding wire.
  • the main body 10 of the embodiments 1, 2, 3, and 4 can also be added with a welding wire conduit 40, and the welding wire conduit 40 can be appropriately shortened according to actual needs.
  • the conductive block 13 provides the maximum material for the welding wire to wear, and the service life of the contact tip is maximized, while the conductive performance is not weakened.
  • the conductive block 13 will receive the heat from the molten pool during welding to increase its temperature rapidly, especially in the case of high current and long single welding time. In a harsh welding environment, the temperature of the conductive block 13 will be higher. An increase in temperature will cause the copper conductive block 13 to lose its elasticity, causing the conductive block 13 that originally has a clamping force to open. The copper conductive block 13 itself has weak elasticity, and the addition of the spring 30 makes up for this defect, so that the conductive block 13 not only has good elasticity, but also has excellent conductivity. Therefore, the organic combination of the conductive block 13, the heat insulation sleeve 20, and the spring 30 can maximize the performance of the conductive tip.
  • Embodiments 3, 4, and 5 can also install the heat insulation sleeve 20 in the contact tip.
  • the spring 30 can also be added in the second embodiment.
  • Embodiment 7 As shown in FIG. 7, a tapered guide hole 23 is provided at the front end of the heat insulation sleeve 20. Since the part where the conductive block 13 clamps the welding wire is a plane, when the welding wire passes through the wire through hole 12 and passes out of the conductive block 13, the welding wire lacks restriction in the direction of the clamping plane of the conductive block 13, and there is a risk of inaccurate wire ejection. . In order to reduce this risk, a small guide groove can be opened in the middle of the clamping plane of the conductive block 13 and on the same axis as the wire through hole 12.
  • a guide groove is provided on the clamping plane of the conductive block 13 to make the welding wire more accurate, the welding wire will rub the clamping plane into a small groove during use, and this groove will also play a role in restraining the welding wire.
  • the guide groove is equivalent to wearing the conductive block 13 in advance, which reduces the service life of the conductive tip. If the diameter of the avoiding hole 22 at the front end of the heat insulation sleeve 20 is processed to a size consistent with the diameter of the welding wire, so that the welding wire is constrained 360 degrees, this problem is well solved. Since the avoiding hole 22 is too small, there may be a risk that the welding wire cannot pass through the avoiding hole 22 when the welding wire is replaced or the contact tip is replaced.
  • the avoidance hole 22 is changed to a tapered guide hole 23.
  • the tapered guide hole 23 is a tapered hole with a large side close to the conductive block 13 and a small diameter on the wire exit side.
  • the hole diameter of the wire exiting side is equivalent to the diameter of the welding wire.
  • the tapered guide hole 23 plays a role of guiding the welding wire, which is convenient for the welding wire to pass through the heat insulation sleeve 20, and can well constrain the welding wire to make the welding wire more accurate.
  • the length of the tapered guide hole 23 should be appropriately extended. Since the hole diameter of the wire exiting side is equivalent to that of the welding wire, that is to say, the welding wire basically fills the gap of the hole on the exiting wire side, thereby preventing welding spatter from being included in the conductive block 13.
  • FIG 8. Another method to improve the accuracy of welding wire is shown in Figure 8.
  • a wire guide sleeve 50 is added to the front end of the heat insulation sleeve 20.
  • a guide wire hole 51 In the middle of the guide wire sleeve 50 is a guide wire hole 51, and the diameter of the guide wire hole 51 is equivalent to that of the welding wire.
  • the wire guide sleeve 50 is separated from the heat insulation sleeve 20; when in use, the welding wire is passed through the main body 10 and the heat insulation sleeve 20 in turn; then the welding wire is passed through the guide wire hole 51 of the guide wire sleeve 50; and finally The guide wire sleeve 50 is inserted into the large hole at the front end of the heat insulation sleeve 20 along the welding wire; the guide wire hole 51 forms a good constraint on the welding wire, and the accuracy of the welding wire is guaranteed.
  • the guide wire hole 51 can also be made into a tapered hole to make the guide wire easier to pass into the guide wire sleeve 50. Since the hole diameter of the welding wire guide sleeve 50 is equivalent to that of the welding wire, there is almost no gap between the welding wire and the guide wire hole 51, so welding spatter cannot enter the inside of the conductive block 13 either.
  • the front section of the conductive block 13 is slightly bent, and the bending angle is changed according to the inclination angle of the conductive block 13 and the size of the welding wire diameter, so that the front end of the conductive block 13 forms a contact portion 18, which increases the contact between the main body 10 and the welding wire Area, the conductive performance of the contact tip is further improved.
  • FIGS. 2, 3, 4, and 5 also show the shape of the contact portion 18.
  • the angle of the contact portion 18 must be controlled.
  • a forming opening 131 may be provided at the bending position of the contact portion 18.
  • Embodiment 8 As shown in FIG. 9, in this embodiment, an insulation pad 60 is added to the main body 10 and the insulation sleeve 20.
  • the heat insulation pad 60 functions to isolate the main body and the heat insulation cover 20.
  • the insulation pad 60 is divided into two types: axial insulation pad and radial insulation pad (the insulation pad parallel to the axis in the figure is the axial insulation pad, and the insulation pad perpendicular to the axis is the radial insulation pad) .
  • the heat insulation pad 60 is made of heat insulation materials such as glass fiber, asbestos, rock wool, aerogel felt, etc.
  • the surface of the heat insulation pad 60 has concave or convex patterns, and the concave and convex patterns can also function as heat insulation. The heat transferred from the molten pool to the main body 10 is reduced to a minimum.
  • An insulation pad 60 may also be added between the main body 10 and the spring 30, and between the spring 30 and the insulation sleeve 20.
  • the heat insulation sleeve 20 is installed, and the leaf spring 30 is pressed between the main body 10 and the heat insulation sleeve 20, thereby The fixation of the leaf spring 30 is achieved.
  • a connecting ring can be used to fix the leaf spring 30 on the main body 10.
  • the connecting ring is a circular ring. First put the leaf spring 30 in the proper position of the main body 10, and then install the connecting ring so that the connecting ring will The spring 30 is pressed.
  • tapered guide hole 23 another form of the tapered guide hole 23 is also designed.
  • the front end of the tapered guide hole 23 is a cylindrical hole and the rear end is a tapered hole.
  • the head structure of the heat insulation sleeve 20 has also been optimized with rounded corners.
  • Embodiment 10 As shown in Figure 11, the main body 10 has an escape groove 17. After the heat insulation sleeve 20 is inserted into the main body 10, the corresponding part of the heat insulation sleeve 20 and the escape groove 17 is pressed inward to form a recessed buckle 24 to This realizes the connection between the main body 10 and the thermal insulation sleeve 20.
  • the concave buckles 24 may be a full circle along the main body 10, or they may be distributed in dots with the axis of the main body 10 as the center. The number of the concave buckles 24 may be one or more. Since the avoidance groove 17 is a groove, it can also serve as a heat insulation groove.
  • the number of the concave buttons 24 should be as small as possible.
  • a similar method can also be used to emboss the heat-insulating sleeve 20 where there is no escape groove 17. Since copper is a soft metal, a sharp and hard metal is used to apply sufficient pressure to the heat-insulating sleeve 20.
  • the material of the heat insulation sleeve 20 is pressed into the main body 10, and this method is the press-recess connection mentioned above.
  • the recessed button 24 it can be recessed together with the main body 10, so that the connection between the main body 10 and the heat insulation sleeve 20 will be closer.
  • the recessed button 24 can also be processed in the place of the heat insulation groove 21.
  • crimp connection After the heat insulation sleeve 20 is installed in the main body 10, pressure is applied to the rear edge of the heat insulation sleeve 20 to obtain a curl 25. If pressure is applied along the circumference of the heat insulation sleeve 20, a full circle of curling 25 can be obtained; if pressure is applied only to a certain point, the curling 25 has only one point.
  • the main body 10 The material is also depressed, which not only enables a better connection between the heat insulation sleeve 20 and the main body 10, but also prevents the heat insulation sleeve 20 from rotating. This method of applying pressure on the rear edge of the thermal insulation sleeve 20 to obtain the crimp 25 is called crimp connection.
  • Embodiment 12 The conductive block 13 of the highly conductive and durable contact tip body 10 is a thickened conductive block. As shown in Figure 13, the thickened conductive block has a width slightly narrower than the welding wire, and the welding wire runs from the middle of the two conductive blocks 13 symmetrically distributed. by.
  • the contact surface of the conductive block 13 and the welding wire can be a flat surface or an arc-shaped guide groove 19. In order to improve the service life of the contact tip, the guide groove 19 is not easy to be too large, and the arc surface strength of the guide groove 19 is consistent with the welding wire , In order to increase the contact area between the conductive block 13 and the welding wire, so that the conductive block 13 has good conductivity.
  • the guide groove 19 is a curved surface consistent with the shape of the welding wire, the guide groove 19 also has the function of positioning the welding wire.
  • the conductive block 13 is conductive for the welding wire and is used for wear of the welding wire, because the width of the conductive block 13 is narrower than that of the welding wire.
  • the conductive block 13 is worn by the welding wire, press the conductive block 13 inward to reduce the distance between the two conductive blocks 13 to the diameter of the welding wire, and then the contact tip can continue to be used, and so on, as long as the thickness of the conductive block 13 is sufficient , The contact tip can be used forever.
  • the conductive block 13 can be appropriately extended to have sufficient elasticity, and the two conductive blocks 13 can be pressed together so that the conductive block 13 has sufficient clamping force for the welding wire, and the use effect will be better.
  • the conductive block 13 can also be used in conjunction with the spring 30.
  • a soft conductive sheet 14 is required on the conductive block 13 to reduce the strength of the conductive block 13.
  • Protrusions or recesses are provided on the spring 30 to minimize the contact area between the spring 30 and other parts, which has achieved the purpose of limiting heat conduction.
  • the main body 10 has a connecting portion 11 and a receiving groove 15 in the middle.
  • the connecting portion is used to connect with the heat insulation sleeve 20.
  • the receiving groove 15 is used to isolate the main body 10 and the heat insulation sleeve 20 to reduce the heat transferred from the heat insulation sleeve 20 to the main body 10 .
  • the heat insulation sleeve can be made of copper or other materials. When the material used is easy to stick and splash, it should be treated with splash prevention.
  • Embodiment 14 As shown in Figure 15, in this embodiment, a connecting pin 70 is used to connect the heat insulation sleeve 20 and the main body 10.
  • the connecting pin 70 has various forms, which can be a smooth pin, the surface can also be knurled, or Threaded, threaded connecting pin 70.
  • the head of the threaded connecting pin 70 has a "one" or a "cross” groove, or an inner hexagonal groove.
  • the outer shape of the connecting pin 70 may be cylindrical or T-shaped. Although there are many ways to connect the contact tip to the welding gun, the threaded connection is the most used.
  • the contact tip In order to easily install the contact tip on the welding torch during use, or remove it from the welding torch during replacement, the contact tip needs to be provided with a wrench surface 26.
  • the wrench surface 26 can be provided on the main body 10 or on the heat insulation sleeve 20 . But in some cases where the contact tip specifications are short, such as Binzel 15AK, 25KD and other models, there is not enough space on the main body 10, and the spanner face 26 can only be set on the heat insulation sleeve, even the length of the contact tip It is sufficient to provide a rear panel 26 on the main body 10, but considering the convenience of use, it is more suitable to provide the spanner surface 26 on the heat insulating sleeve 26.
  • the distance between the two conductive blocks 13 is smaller than the wire through hole 12.
  • the guide groove 19 is a part of the wire through hole 12.
  • the spring 30 presses the conductive block 13 together and provides elastic force for it. After the welding wire passes through the conductive block 13, since the guide groove is a part of the welding wire through hole 12, the contact surface with the welding wire will not be less.
  • the advantage of this solution is that the conductive block 13 can be connected to the welding wire without specially processing the contact part 18 Large-area contact, thereby improving the conductivity of the contact tip.
  • Embodiment 13 instead of deliberately making the conductive block 13 elastic, the conductive block 13 will lose its elasticity in a continuous high temperature environment.
  • the elastic force is provided by the spring 30.
  • This embodiment has no protrusion 133 and has the advantage of simple structure.
  • the inner cavity structure of the heat insulation sleeve 20 is adjusted in this embodiment.
  • Embodiment 15 As shown in FIG. 16, in some extreme cases where the wrench face 26 cannot be provided, a rotating hole 171 can be provided to install or remove the contact tip.
  • the rotating hole can be provided on the main body 10 or on the heat insulation sleeve. 20 on.
  • a connecting pin 70 should be provided between the heat insulation sleeve 20 and the main body 10.
  • a hole can be drilled in the spring 30 to make the connecting pin 70 Can be inserted into the main body 10.
  • the shape of the guide wire sleeve 50 can also be T-shaped, and the hole in the center of the guide wire sleeve 50 can also be a cone shape.
  • the guide wire sleeve 50 and the heat insulation sleeve 20 may adopt an interference connection method, or a threaded connection method.
  • the conductive block 13 has a constant cross-sectional structure.
  • Embodiment 16 As shown in FIG. 17, the structure of the spring 30 of this embodiment is a coil spring.
  • the coil spring is a circle-shaped spring as its name implies, similar to a coil spring with a number of approximately 0.7-1.8 coils, and is also similar to a spring washer.
  • the conductive block 13 has a positioning groove 135, and the spring 30 is in the positioning groove 135 to prevent the spring 30 from falling off the conductive block 13.
  • the gap between the conductive block 13 and the heat insulating sleeve 20 is smaller than the outer diameter of the coil spring, the effect of preventing the spring 30 from falling off the conductive block 13 can also be achieved.
  • the coil spring needs to be made of high temperature resistant spring material, so as to ensure that it still has sufficient hardness in a high temperature environment, so that the spring 30 will not relax during the welding process.
  • the coil spring has elasticity, so it can be placed in the positioning groove 135 after it is expanded.
  • the hardness and diameter of the coil spring are the keys to its elasticity.
  • the hardness and diameter of the coil spring are controlled so that the elastic force can just.
  • the conductive blocks 13 are pressed together. During welding, the welding wire passes through the conductive block 30 and stretches the spring 30 apart. At this time, the spring 30 forms an inward pressure on the conductive block 13, and the conductive block 13 can maintain good contact with the welding wire 20.
  • the coil spring will gradually shrink inward.
  • the force of the coil spring to squeeze the upper and lower conductive blocks 13 together is not easy to be too great, because this will cause the resistance of the wire to be excessively increased during welding, resulting in the risk of poor wire or even failure of wire.
  • the cross section of the soft conductive piece 14 cannot be reduced blindly to reduce the stiffness of the conductive block 13.
  • the method of extending the conductive block 13 should be used as much as possible to reduce the steel of the conductive block 13 In welding production, the length of the conductive tip of some models is only 25 mm or even shorter, which limits the length of the conductive block 13.
  • the solution is to divide the main body 10 into two parts, the main body 116 and the core body 134, so that the root of the conductive block 13 141 can be moved back.
  • the short contact tip can also maximize the length of the conductive block 13.
  • the main body 116 and the core body 134 adopt an interference connection to ensure the smooth transmission of electric energy.
  • a flange 137 is made on the tail of the core body 134 to prevent the core body 134 from falling off.
  • the main body 116 and the core body 134 should be firmly and fully connected.
  • the firm connection is to prevent falling off, and the sufficient connection is to ensure the effective transmission of electric energy. Commonly used connections that satisfy firm and sufficient connections include threaded connections and welding.
  • Making the soft guide piece 14 into a soft structure composed of several filaments or sheets is also a way to reduce the stiffness of the conductive block 13.
  • the contact tip When the contact tip receives the heat radiation of the arc during welding, the temperature of the conductive block 13 rises and becomes soft, and the elastic force of the spring 30 can be appropriately reduced.
  • Embodiment 17 As shown in Figure 18, this embodiment provides a coil spring (spring 30) of another structure.
  • Figure 17 shows a technical solution in which the head and tail of the coil spring are on the boss at the front end of the conductive block 13 , The length of the coil spring is shorter (smaller pitch). In this embodiment, the length of the coil spring is relatively long (the pitch is relatively large).
  • One end of the coil spring is attached to the boss at the front end of the conductive block 13 and the other end is attached to the soft guide piece 14.
  • the force points of the coil spring in this embodiment are more dispersed, the former is concentrated at the front end, the latter only has a part at the front end, and the other part has a force point further behind, plus the conductive block 13 After forming an angle, it can also adjust the elasticity.
  • Another way to adjust the elastic force of the spring 30 is to move the point where the spring 30 applies the elastic force to the conductive block 13 from the head of the conductive block 13 backwards, because the spring 30 is closed Then an angle will be formed.
  • the conductive block 13 is worn out When closing, the amount of contraction of the spring 30 behind the focus point is also smaller.
  • the contact area between the spring 30 and the conductive block should be reduced.
  • the surface roughness should be increased, and the hardness should be increased to reduce the spring 30 and the conductive block. The friction between the conductive blocks 13.
  • the body 116 and the core body 134 are connected by threads.
  • threaded connection can be used between the heat insulation sleeve 20 and the main body 10, because the main body 10 has enough space for the wrench face 26.
  • the thread is the most commonly used connection.
  • the threaded connection since the main body 10 and the heat insulation sleeve 20 are also threaded, if the wrench surface 26 is on the heat insulation sleeve 20, the contact tip may not be tightened or removed. Place the wrench surface 26 On the main body 10 (or the main body 116), such a problem does not occur.
  • Figure 18 shows a long type of coil spring.
  • the head of the coil spring is inclined at a large angle to the front end of the contact tip. In this case, the 135 coil spring will not fall off without the positioning groove.
  • Embodiment 18 In this embodiment, the main body 10 is divided into two parts, one part is the main body 116 and the other part is the conductor 136, as shown in FIG. 19.
  • the conductor 136 as a whole is made of several thin copper sheets or thin copper wires. The purpose is to make the conductive block 13 soft, and at the same time there are enough conductors for the welding wire to conduct electricity. If necessary, the two ends of the conductive block 13 should be compacted or The thin copper sheets and thin copper wires at both ends are welded together to improve its stability. The middle section is not welded to make it have good softness.
  • the front end of the thin copper sheet used to make the conductor 136 is folded back 1-3 times, make it completely close to the thin copper sheet to achieve the purpose of thickening the front end of the conductor 136.
  • the structure of the conductor 136 is similar to the implementation Example 3 is a structure composed of 14 flexible conductive sheets and conductive blocks 13 combined.
  • the conductive body 136 is fixed on the main body 116, and the conductive block 13 is fixed on the spring 30.
  • FIG. 20 is a structural diagram of the main body 10 with the soft conductive sheet 14 on part of the conductive blocks 13, and the conductive blocks 13 are flat and notched.
  • the cross-sectional size of the flexible conductive sheet 14 can be made thicker.
  • the purpose is to make the conductive block 13 have enough conductors to ensure the transmission of electric energy, so that the cross-sectional size of the flexible conductive sheet 14 can be made smaller and change it. It is more flexible.
  • the elastic force of the spring 30 is only applied to the conductive block 13 with the soft guide piece 14. The elastic force makes the conductive block 13 press the welding wire and makes the welding wire contact with the conductive block 13 with sufficient conductor on the other side. Sufficient electrical energy is conducted to the welding wire.
  • the spring 30 with a smaller elastic force can be used.
  • the elastic force of the spring 30 is reduced, and the resistance of the conductive block 13 to the welding wire is further reduced, and the welding wire is discharged more smoothly.
  • This solution is particularly suitable for conductive nozzles with too short length. Since the conductive block 13 without the soft guide piece 14 has a larger cross-sectional size and therefore greater rigidity, and the elastic force of the spring 30 is smaller, the elastic force of the spring 30 can only be applied to the conductive block 13 with the soft guide piece 14 Up.
  • FIG. 21 is a structural diagram of a core body 134 with oblique gaps between conductive blocks 13.
  • the oblique gap makes the cross-sectional size of one side of the root of the conductive block 13 smaller, and the size of the other side becomes larger.
  • the cross-sectional size of the conductive block 13 can be made larger to compensate for the conductor loss on the other side.
  • the small-section side conductive block 13 can be made more flexible, thereby forming a soft guide piece 14.
  • Embodiment 21 In order to simplify the product structure and achieve the same inventive effect, the conductive block on the side with the flexible conductive sheet 14 in the embodiment 19 and 20 can be removed, and only the conductive block 125 on the side with a large cross section and a large size is retained. , The elastic force of the spring 30 is directly applied to the welding wire, so that the welding wire and the large cross-section conductive block 125 form a good contact, and the large cross-section conductive block 125 conducts the welding wire.
  • the anti-falling cover 80 is made of splash-proof material, which is formed by rolling a plate into a cylinder, and the two ends of the plates are butted. This structure allows the outer diameter of the anti-falling cover 80 to be enlarged so that it can be put into the main body 10.
  • the structure of the main body 10 can be slightly modified so that the anti-dropping early 80 is connected to the main body 10 in a fully enclosed structure.
  • the outer diameter of the rear end of the main body 10 is matched with the inner diameter of the anti-dropping cover 80, and the outer diameter of the front end of the main body 10
  • the outer diameter of the anti-dropping cover 80 is larger than that of the anti-dropping cover 80.
  • the anti-dropping cover 80 is inserted from the rear end of the main body 10. This has the advantage that the anti-dropping cover 80 will not fall off.
  • the anti-drop cover 80 may also be the structure of the heat insulation sleeve 20. If the anti-falling cover 80 is inserted from the front end of the main body 10, measures such as interference fit, indentation, threading, and anti-falling pins must be adopted to prevent the anti-falling cover 80 from falling off the main body 10.
  • the length of the contact portion 18 should be appropriately increased, or the contact area between the guide groove 19 and the welding wire should be increased.
  • the surface roughness of the contact surface between the contact tip and the welding wire should be increased to make the contact surface Smooth as a mirror.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)

Abstract

高导电耐用焊接导电嘴，由主体(10)、隔热套(20)和弹簧夹(30)组成，主体内部有焊丝过孔(12)，主体前段有导电块(13)，隔热套内部是空腔，空腔与避让孔(22)相连，焊丝经焊丝过孔、导电块再从避让孔穿出后送入焊接熔池对工件进行焊接。隔热套将导电块与高温的电弧隔离，弹簧夹由耐高温合金制成，弹簧夹为导电块提供弹力，使导电嘴在持续大电流的焊接生产中，在高温环境中导电块能始终持续地保持对焊丝良好的接触状态，从而提高导电嘴的导电性能。导电块与焊丝接触部位是一个平面或者小弧面的引导槽(19)，减小导电嘴的磨损，提高使用寿命。

Description

高导电耐用焊接导电嘴与方法 技术领域
本发明的技术领域属于焊接用导电嘴，本发明涉及高导电耐用焊接导电嘴的结构，还涉及提高导电嘴导电性能和使用寿命的方法。其特点是，与现有技术相比，不仅使用寿命和导电性能两方面都得到显著提升。而且结构更加简单和精细，该导电嘴不仅更容易加工；而且直径更小，有利于保护气体的流动和对熔池的保护；长度更短，能够满足在狭窄空间焊接的使用要求，适应性更广；并且能够在大电流的极端高温环境中连续使用。
背景技术
导电嘴是熔化极气体保护电弧焊的关键零部件，主要起着将电能传导给焊丝的作用。传统导电嘴中间有一个孔，焊接时焊丝从该孔匀速通过，焊丝与孔的孔壁摩擦，随着焊接的进行，焊丝将孔越磨越大，由于焊接是在高温中进行，导电嘴温度升高后材料变软，这又进一步加速了孔的磨损。孔变大后与焊丝接触不好，导电性能变差，此时就需要更换新的导电嘴。正规的焊接制造企业，为了保证焊接的品质，通常4-8小时就会更换一颗导电嘴，导致导电嘴的消耗量极大。即便对传统导电嘴进行及时更换，但导电嘴在使用过程中，随着该孔的磨损，导电性能也会逐渐衰减。
石建荣发明的长效导电嘴，专利号2010101939023，试图解决传统导电嘴使用寿命短，导电性随着焊接的进行逐渐衰减的弊端。该发明通过导电内芯前端的两个夹紧块来提高导电嘴的使用寿命，并试图使夹紧块具有弹性，以达到夹紧块即便是磨损后，也能始终与焊丝保持良好的接触，既而实现导电性能不衰减的目的。石建荣发明的长效导电嘴，突破了传统导电嘴的结构，为提高导电嘴的使用寿命和导电性能提供了全新的设计理念，但也有不足之处。他发明的导电嘴由瓷帽、导电内芯、尾座三部分组成，根据其申请的说明书和说明书附图可以判断，尾座的作用很鸡肋，不仅作用不大，反而增加了导电嘴的长度。我们知道，导电嘴只是一个小零件，最短的型号只有20毫米，在如此短促的空间内实施上述技术方案是很困难的。我们知道，焊接电弧的温度高达6000-12000℃，虽然瓷帽能起到隔离电弧热量的作用，但毕竟导电嘴与电弧的距离只有15-20毫米，瓷帽的高温会迅速传导给导电内芯，夹紧块的温度自然也不会低，高温使铜质的夹紧块变软后弹性丧失、刚性降低。夹紧块在有弧度的焊丝的作用下夹紧块之间的距离变大，所以在高温作用下，石建荣发明的长效导电嘴不仅导电性能得不到丝毫提升，反而会明显下降，导致严重的质量事故。长效导电嘴耐高温的性能极差，是该发明的致命缺陷。
发明内容
为了克服现有技术的各种缺点，本发明提供了一种更加精细的导电嘴。该导电嘴分为主体和隔热套两部分，主体的前端分为两种结构，一种结构跟传统导电嘴类似，另一种结构主体前端为呈对称分布的两个导电块。导电块利用自身的弹性夹持住焊丝，使焊丝与导电块充分接触，导电块为焊丝导电，并供焊丝磨损。隔热套固定在主体的前端，将导电块罩在隔热套内。隔热套为导电块隔离了来自熔池的热量，从而很好地控制了导电块的温度。为了达到更好的降温效果，在主体和隔热套上开设隔热槽或者散热槽；另外还可以在隔热套和主体之间增设隔热环。为了达到最佳的隔热效果，应劲量避免主体外露，隔热套应劲量将主体包裹在隔热套内。
为了最大限度地降低导电块的长度，但又使导电块拥有最佳的弹性。导电块的外部再设置一个弹簧，弹簧紧贴在导电块上，以此来提高导电块的弹性。为了避免焊接飞溅粘连在弹簧上，对弹簧进行涂防飞溅液、镀铬、镀铜等防飞溅处理。弹簧由耐高温材料制造，如304、17-7PH、15-7Mo、30W4Cr2VA、H13、GH2132、GH2135、GH4145、GH4169、GH4090、GH5605、 Inconel X-750、Inconel718、Nimonic90等，使用这些材料，即便是在高温环境中，也能拥有良好的弹性。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：导电嘴分为主体和隔热套两部分，主体的后部用于将导电嘴与焊枪连接，连接方式并不限于螺纹，而是根据焊枪提供的连接方式确定。主体有两种结构，一种结构跟传统导电嘴类似，即焊丝过孔在主体的轴线上，并将主体贯通，焊丝从焊丝过孔经过，焊丝过孔的孔壁为焊丝导电，并被焊丝磨损。另一种结构为主体后部为焊丝过孔，前部是呈对称分布的两个导电块，两导电块的前端贴拢，焊丝过孔与两导电块合拢处在同一条轴线上。两种结构的主体的中部的截面形状均为圆形、椭圆形、跑道形或者多边形，中部靠导电块一侧有连接部。隔热套为中空结构，隔热套的前端有避让孔，避让孔的圆心在隔热套的轴线上。隔热套的截面形状为圆形、椭圆形、跑道形或者是多边形。为了不给保护气体的流动造成障碍，隔热套的外径尺寸应与导电嘴主体的外径保持一致，或者更小。隔热套的后端与主体的连接部连接，主体的焊丝过孔与隔热套的避让孔处在同一条轴线上。隔热套将导电嘴的主体与熔池隔离，使导电嘴主体的温度始终处于较低状态，提高了导电嘴的耐磨性。隔热套的内部空间要足够大，使导电嘴前端与隔热套之间保留一定的空隙，尤其要杜绝主体前端与隔热套接触。另外，还可以采取在主体与隔热套上开设隔热槽或者散热槽；在隔热套与连接部之间加入隔热环；将主体全部包裹在隔热套内等措施，进一步降低导电嘴主体的温度。
常规导电嘴为了将电能很好地传导给焊丝，一般由导电性能良好的铜制造，但铜这种金属较软，屈服强度低，弹性差。石建荣所发明的长效导电嘴，需要在夹紧块磨损的情况下，也能对焊丝提供良好的夹持力，以确保在焊接过程中，焊丝接收到的电能不降低。这就需要夹紧块具有良好的弹力，但铜这种金属的弹性较差，因此两者之间就形成一对矛盾。如果使用磷青铜、铍铜等材料来提高夹紧块的弹性，但由于这种材料的加入了合金金属，就会使夹紧块的导电性能降低，因此也不是一种很好的解决办法。上面说到，当金属长度与截面的比值达到较高倍数时，也能使较软的金属获得很好的弹性。石建荣发明的长效导电嘴，夹紧块的弹性是由连接片提供，当连接片的长度不变时，为了获得良好的弹性，就需要缩小连接片的截面尺寸。小的截面尺寸又使夹紧块的夹持力过小，不利于对焊丝进行约束，使焊丝出丝的准确性降低，焊缝焊偏，这种情况在使用机器人进行自动化焊接时更为明显。为了增大夹紧块的夹持力，就不得不增加连接片的长度，连接片的长度增加，务必会使整个导电嘴的长度增加，这就限制了导电嘴的使用范围。为了解决这些矛盾，即能让导电嘴拥有良好的导电性，保证夹紧块有合适夹持力的同时又有良好的弹性，还能使导电嘴的长度尽可能短，唯一的办法就是在导电嘴用于夹持焊丝的机构上增加由304、17-7PH、15-7Mo、30W4Cr2VA、H13、GH2132、GH2135、GH4145、GH4169、GH4090、GH5605、Inconel X-750、Inconel718、Nimonic90等屈服强度高、软化温度高的金属制作成弹簧，来提高导电嘴的弹性。本发明中，在主体的导电块上装入拥有良好弹性的弹簧，来增强导电块的弹性，由于这些制作弹簧的金属不仅弹性好，软化温度也高，即使在受到熔池的高温烘烤，自身温度也很高的情况下，也能拥有良好的弹性，从而很好地解决了这个难题。弹簧的前端分为两个对称设置的弹力片，分别对应两个导电块，弹簧的后端为固定环，用于固定在导电嘴主体上。除此之外，弹簧还可以用不同截面的线材来进行加工，当然，弹簧的整体形状也会随之而发生变化。为了避免焊接飞溅的粘连，可对弹簧进行镀铬、镀铜等防飞溅处理，另外在弹簧上喷涂防飞溅液也是一种很好的避免飞溅粘连的方法。
本发明中，在导电嘴的主体的导电块上安装弹簧，再将隔热套装入主体的前端，主体、弹簧、隔热套三者配合使用，可得到最佳的使用效果。
本发明的有益效果是：导电嘴的主体前端有对称设置的导电块，导电块给焊丝导电，并提供比常规导电嘴更多的材料供焊丝磨损，使导电嘴的使用寿命成倍增加，同时也提高了导电嘴的导电性能。导电嘴主体的前端装入隔热套，隔离了来自电弧的热量，不管主体的前端 是有导电块的结构还是向传统导电嘴一样只有焊丝过孔的结构，都会降低导电嘴主体的温度，温度降低，耐磨性就好，寿命自然也就提高。不仅如此，温度降低，导电块的弹性就不会失效，因此在焊接过程中，始终会保持对焊丝良好的夹持力，对焊丝的导电性能也不会衰减。隔热套安装在主体上，相比长效导电嘴中将瓷帽连接在尾座上，不仅能够缩小导电嘴的直径，最大的特点是缩短了导电嘴的长度。采用该技术方案制造的导电嘴，变得更精细和小巧，能够在空间狭小的焊接环境中使用，拓宽了导电嘴的使用范围。
在导电块外部设置弹簧，弹簧由具有优良弹性且软化温度高的304、17-7PH、15-7Mo、30W4Cr2VA、H13、GH2132、GH2135、GH4145、GH4169、GH4090、GH5605、Inconel X-750、Inconel718、Nimonic90(随着科学技术的不断发展和进步，未来还会出现弹性更好、软化温度更高的材料)等材料制造，弹簧的弹力片与导电块贴合，增加了导电块的弹性，使导电嘴变得更加精细和小巧。由于制造弹簧的材料软化温度高，即使受到电弧的高温辐射、自身温度也很高这种恶劣工作环境下，也能拥有良好的弹性。由于弹簧的作用，导电块的弹性非但没有降低，相反还得到了加强。导电块由铜制造，使其具有良好的导电性，导电块外装入弹簧，赋予了导电块更好的弹性，两者有机结合，使导电嘴的性能更加优越。
导电嘴从开始使用之时起，直到导电块完全磨损无法再继续使用止，在此过程中导电块始终夹持着焊丝，导电块不会因为高温软化而被焊丝撑开。焊丝与导电块之间没有间隙，也不会摆动，在这种情况下，焊丝始终从导电嘴的同一个地方伸出来，出丝更准，使焊接的焊缝更居中。由于导电性能提高，起弧更容易，焊接过程中电弧也更稳，同时也降低了焊接飞溅。
附图说明
图1是传统带隔热套的高导电耐用焊接导电嘴结构图
图2是隔热套内有导电块的高导电耐用焊接导电嘴结构图。
图3是有弹簧的高导电耐用焊接导电嘴结构图。
图4是弹簧结构为弹力筋形式的高导电耐用焊接导电嘴结构图。
图5是有导丝导管的高导电耐用焊接导电嘴结构图。
图6是弹簧结构为“V”形的高导电耐用焊接导电嘴结构图。
图7是有锥形导孔的高导电耐用焊接导电嘴结构图。
图8是有导丝套的高导电耐用焊接导电嘴结构图。
图9是有隔热垫的高导电耐用焊接导电嘴结构图。
图10是有延长部的高导电耐用焊接导电嘴结构图。
图11是有凹扣的高导电耐用焊接导电嘴结构图。
图12是有卷边的高导电耐用焊接导电嘴结构图。
图13是有加厚导电块的高导电耐用焊接导电嘴结构图。
图14是导电块有外凸的主体结构图。
图15是有连接销的高导电耐用焊接导电嘴结构图。
图16是有旋转孔的高导电耐用焊接导电嘴结构图。
图17是弹簧为圈簧的高导电耐用焊接导电嘴结构图。
图18是圈簧作用力为单丝的高导电耐用焊接导电嘴结构图。
图19是主体的另一种结构图。
图20是部分导电块上有软导片的导电嘴主体结构图。
图21是导电块之间为斜缺缝的导电嘴核心体结构图，该结构使部分导电块变得柔软。
图22是使用“C”形弹簧的导电嘴结构图。
图23是导电嘴尾部与焊枪的几种连接方式的结构图。
图24是典型的弹簧的结构图。
图25是片状弹簧的结构图。
图26是主体有扳手面的高导电耐用焊接导电嘴结构图。
图中编号含义：10-主体，11-连接部，111-内螺纹，112-外螺纹，113-“T”形，114-圆锥形，115-矫直部，116-本体，12-焊丝过孔，13-导电块，131-成形口，132-导电块根部，133-外凸，134-核心体，135-定位槽，136-导电体，137-翻边，14-软导片，141-软导片根部，15-容纳槽，16-延长部，17-避让槽，171-旋转孔，18-接触部，19-引导槽，20-隔热套，21-隔热槽，22-避让孔，23-锥形导孔，24-凹扣，25-卷边，26-扳手面，30-弹簧，31-固定环，32-弹力片，33-弹力筋，34-弧筋，35-支撑片，40-焊丝导管，50-导丝套，51-导丝孔，60-隔热垫，70-连接销，80-防脱罩。
具体实施方式
实施例1：如图1所示，导电嘴由主体10和隔热套20两部分组成。主体10的后端与焊枪连接，连接方式根据焊枪上设定的与导电嘴的连接方式确定。主体10的外形是圆形、椭圆形、跑道形或者多边形。主体10的轴线上是焊丝过孔12，焊丝过孔12为等径孔，比焊丝略大，以便于焊丝能够顺利通过。焊丝过孔12不宜太大，否则导电嘴为焊丝导电的性能会降低。使焊缝熔深变浅，甚至出现未熔合的缺陷。焊丝过孔12的孔径过大，也会导致焊丝出丝不准，焊缝焊偏的现向。主体10上有连接部11，连接部11将主体10与隔热套20连接在一起。主体10与隔热套20的连接方式可以是螺纹连接、过盈连接、销连接、压凹连接、焊接等多种形式。隔热套20的外形是圆形、椭圆形、跑道形或者是多边形。隔热套20内部是空腔结构。隔热套20将主体10包裹在空腔内，并保留一定的空隙，空隙使导电嘴拥有更好的隔热效果。隔热套20上有隔热槽21，隔热槽21的作用是使隔热套20在接收熔池的高温时，传递热量的能力变弱，这样可以把隔热套20传递给主体10的热量降到最低。隔热槽21的数量根据需要确定，隔热槽21可以根据需要设置在隔热套20的外表面，也可设置在内表面。隔热槽21还可以设置在主体10上，特别是与隔热套20接触的部位。在装配主体10和隔热套20时，可以不装到位，使主体10与隔热套20之间保留一点间隙，也可以起到减弱热传递的效果。为了最大限度降低主体10的温度，隔热套20应尽可能将主体10全部包裹在其空腔内。隔热套20的前端有避让孔22，避让孔22的孔径比焊丝大，方便焊丝通过。避让孔22与主体10上的焊丝过孔12在同一条轴线上。
主体10的内部还可以为不等径孔，不等径孔在主体(10)前端的焊丝出口处的孔径比其它区域的孔径小，主体(10)前端的小孔的直径与焊丝直径相当。主体10上仍有隔热套20，当焊丝将主体10前端的孔磨大时，可以对其进行修复。方法是取下隔热套20，对焊丝前端施加外力，将主体10前端磨损的孔缩小到与焊丝直径相当的程度。修复后装上隔热套20，当主体10焊丝出口处的孔再次磨损时，采用同样的方法进行修复，这样导电嘴可以反复使用多次，从而提高导电嘴的使用寿命。为了便于焊丝出口处磨损后的修复，可以将主体10前端的外径应适当缩小，即采用薄壁结构，壁厚在0.1-2毫米左右。即便是焊丝过孔12为等径孔，当焊接时焊丝将该孔磨损，使该孔孔径变大后，此时取下隔热套20，然后对焊丝主体10出口处的焊丝过孔缩小，使主体10内部的孔变成不等径孔，也同样可行。当主体10出丝口处磨损后需要修复时，为了便于拆卸和安装隔热套20，隔热套20与主体10采用螺纹连接较为合适。
隔热套20上还可以加工对称分布的平面，方便使用扳手等工具将导电嘴安装在焊枪上，同时也方便更换时的拆卸，对称分布的平面也可加工在主体10上。若主体10和隔热套20为多边形，本身就有平面，则不需额外加工。
实施例2：如图2所示，导电嘴由主体10和隔热套20两部分组成。主体10的前端有呈对称本部的两个导电块13(并不仅限于两个)，两个导电块13的前端贴拢，贴拢处与焊丝过孔12处在同一条轴线上，两个导电块13的截面尺寸和长度保持一致。导电块13需具有足够的弹性，因此长度与截面尺寸的比值要在合理范围。同时导电块13也需要具备适当的夹持力，况且导电块13还要提供足够的材料供焊丝磨损，因此截面尺寸也不能太小。为了使导电嘴的使用寿 命更长，应劲量使导电块13与焊丝有更长的接触面。导电块13的截面尺寸，长度与截面尺寸的比值需要经过精确计算和反复试验来确定，否则会影响导电嘴的使用性能。主体10的后端与焊枪连接，连接方式根据焊枪的连接方式确定。隔热套20内部是空腔，后端与主体10的连接部11连接。连接方式可以是螺纹连接、过盈连接、销连接、压凹连接、焊接等多种形式，只要能将隔热套20固定在主体10上即可。隔热套20由隔热性能好、耐高温、不易粘焊接飞溅的材料制造。为了产生良好的隔热效果，使隔热套20的热量最低限度地传导给主体10的导电块13，不至于使导电块13的温度过高，在隔热套20的后端设置隔热槽21。隔热套20的前端离熔池最近，因此该处的温度最高，随着时间的推移，隔热套20前端的热量会慢慢向后端扩散。在隔热套20后端开设凹槽(即隔热槽)，使凹槽处的材料变少。大家都知道，热量是通过介质传递的，材料(传递热量的介质)减少，热量的传递就就会减弱，传递出去的热量就少，降温的目的也就得以实现。隔热槽21可以根据需要设置在隔热套20的外表面，也可以设置在内表面。隔热槽21还可以设置在主体10上，特别是与隔热套20接触的部位，当然也可以在其他部位。或者在将隔热套20装配在主体10上时，故意不装到位，使隔热套20与主体10之间留一点间隙，也可以起到隔热的效果。隔热套20的前端有避让孔22，避让孔22的孔径比焊丝大，方便焊丝通过。避让孔22与主体10上的焊丝过孔12在同一条轴线上。为了降低导电块13的温度，导电块13与隔热套20之间应保留适当的空隙，更不能与隔热套20直接接触。
当导电块13磨损到焊丝出现明显晃动时，可以使用实施例1的方式将孔缩小，导电嘴仍可以反复使用。
实施例3：如图3所示，导电嘴由主体10和弹簧30两部分组成。弹簧30的后端是固定环31，固定环31的截面形状可以是圆形、椭圆形、跑道形和多边形，具体形状根据实际需要确定。弹簧30由304、17-7PH、15-7Mo、30W4Cr2VA、H13、GH2132、GH2135、GH4145、GH4169、GH4090、GH5605、Inconel X-750、Inconel718、Nimonic90等弹性好，软化温度高的材料制造。弹簧30的前端是对称分布的两个弹力片32，弹力片32与主体10的导电块13紧贴，为导电块13提供弹力。主体10的导电块13可以是实施例1中的形状，即整体的截面基本一致。但由于弹簧30具有好的弹力，导电块13自身也具有一定弹力，两者叠加在一起，弹力更大。容易出现导电块13夹持焊丝的力太大，使焊丝出丝不畅的风险。若出现这种情况，可以将导电块13后半部分加工成软导片14(软导片14仍然是导电块13的一部分)，软导片14的截面尺寸比导电块13的前端小，这样就降低了导电块13的弹力，只赋予其导电功能。固定环31与主体10连接，将弹簧30固定在主体10上，由于弹力片需要32叠放在导电块13上，应采取适当措施防止弹簧30移位和旋转。防止弹簧30移位和旋转的连接方式有螺纹连接、过盈连接、销连接、压凹连接、焊接等多种形式。另外还可以特殊的外形如采用跑道形、椭圆形、多边形等形状来防止弹簧30旋转。当然还有其他方式，这里不一一列举。为了防止焊接飞溅粘连在弹簧30上，可对弹簧30进行镀铬、镀铜等防飞溅处理。另外，在弹簧30上涂上防飞溅液，也可以避免飞溅粘连。
本实施例中，弹簧30为导电块13提供了足够的弹力，导电块13自身也有一些弹力，可能会出现导电块13夹持力过大使焊丝出丝不顺畅的情况。但如果将软导片14的截面尺寸缩小来使导电块13变软，又不能让电能的传递收到影响。如果将软导片14改用若干柔软的细铜丝或者薄铜片制作，导电块前段保持不变，仍起着夹持焊丝的作用。细铜丝和薄铜片不但可以起着传递电能的作用，更重要的是还将整个导电块13变得很柔软，导电块13依靠弹簧30为导电块13提供夹持力和弹性。此时导电块13前段的铜块需要固定在弹簧30前端的弹力片32上，利用弹簧30的稳定结构为导电块13提供支撑，这样可以弥补软导片14由于太柔软容易移位的缺陷。导电块13前段的铜块与弹簧30的固定方式可以是卡扣式固定、过盈式固定、销固定或者焊接固定等多种形式。
实施例4：如图4所示，本实施例为弹簧的另一种形式。本实施例中的弹簧30由弹力筋33和弧筋34组成，弹簧30的截面形状为圆形或者多边形。弹簧30由高温弹簧材料制造。弧筋34 的作用是将弹簧30固定在导电块13上，每个导电块13上都有一个弧筋34，弹力筋33的作用是使弹簧30具有弹力，弹力筋33连接着上下两个弧筋34。主体10上有容纳槽15，用于容纳弹簧30的弹力筋33。导电块13的后端可以加工成软导片14，当然，如果弹力合适，也可以不加工软导片14。为了预防弹簧30的脱落，可以在导电块13上加工一个定位槽135，将弧筋34安放在定位槽135上。另外还可以将弧筋34安放在软导片14上，由于软导片14比导电块13前端的截面小，弹簧30也就不会脱落。
为了防止焊接飞溅粘连在弹簧30上，可对弹簧30进行镀铬、镀铜等防飞溅处理。另外，在弹簧30上涂上防飞溅液，也可以避免飞溅粘连。
实施例5：如图5所示，图中对导电块13进行了加长。目的是在不加弹簧30的情况下，导电块13也能有足够的弹性。导电块13太长，对焊丝的约束变弱，会造成焊丝出丝不畅和出丝不准的风险。为了克服这种风险，在主体的轴线上增设焊丝导管40。为了更好的起到为焊丝导向的作用，焊丝导管40应尽量延伸至主体10的前端。为此，导电块13也要进行避让处理，焊丝导管40的前端也尽量做成有锥度的形状。焊丝导管40可以用铜制造，也可用合金钢、陶瓷等耐磨材料制造，以提高焊丝导管40的耐磨性。这样导电嘴在长时间使用后，焊丝的通道不至于变大而影响焊丝的输送。
实施例1、2、3、4的主体10上也可以加入焊丝导管40，焊丝导管40可以根据实际需要适当缩短。
实施例6：如图6所示，本实施例展示了弹簧30的第四种形式，并且还在导电嘴中增加了隔热套20。本实施例中的弹簧30呈“V”形，弹簧30由弹力片32和支撑片35组成。弹力片32紧贴在导电块13上，支撑片35在隔热套20一侧。弹簧30的表面有凹纹或者凸纹，以减弱热量的传导。每个导电块13配一个弹簧30，为了防止弹簧30的位移和旋转，隔热套20内最好设置容纳槽，容纳槽的尺寸与支撑片35相当，用于将支撑片35约束在容纳槽内。本实例不仅展示了弹簧30的第四种类型，还在增设了隔热套20。隔热套20不仅能够降低主体10、特别是导电块13的温度，还降低了弹簧30的温度，使弹簧30的性能不会应为温度的升高而降低。弹簧30的性能得到稳定的发挥，就能更好地将弹性传递给导电块13，这样导电块13给焊丝的夹持力就能达到最佳状态。即便是遇到再大的电流，再高的熔池温度，再长的焊缝以及再长的一次持续焊接时间，导电块13的夹持力依然也不会减弱。使导电块13提供最大限度的材料供焊丝磨损，再把导电嘴的使用寿命发挥到最大限度的同时，导电性能性能也始终不会减弱。
如果没有隔热套20和弹簧30的保护和提供的弹力，导电块13在焊接时会接受来自熔池的热量使自身温度迅速升高，特别是在大电流、单次焊接时间持续长这种恶劣的焊接环境中，导电块13的温度会更高。温度升高会使铜质的导电块13丧失弹性，使本来具有夹持力的导电块13张开。铜质的导电块13本身的弹性较弱，弹簧30的加入很好地弥补了这一缺陷，使导电块13不仅拥有很好的弹性，又具有极佳的导电性。因此说导电块13、隔热套20、弹簧30三者的有机结合，使导电嘴的性能得到最大限度的发挥。
实施例3、4、5也可以在导电嘴中安装隔热套20。同理，实施例2中也可以加入弹簧30。
实施例7：如图7所示，在隔热套20的前端设置了锥形导孔23。由于导电块13夹持焊丝的部位为一个平面，当焊丝经过焊丝过孔12从导电块13穿出时，焊丝在导电块13的夹持平面方向缺少约束，会有焊丝出丝不准的风险。为了降低这个风险，可以在导电块13的夹持平面的中间，与焊丝过孔12处在同一条轴线的地方开设一个小的引导槽。虽然在导电块13的夹持平面上开设引导槽使焊丝出丝更准，但焊丝在使用中也会将夹持平面摩擦成小的凹槽，这个凹槽也会起到约束焊丝的作用，引导槽相当于提前将导电块13磨损，这就降低了导电嘴的使用寿命。如果将隔热套20前端的避让孔22的孔径加工成与焊丝直径一致的尺寸，使其对焊丝进行360度的约束，就很好地解决了这个问题。由于避让孔22过小，又可能会导致更换焊丝或者更换导电嘴时，焊丝无法从避让孔22穿过的风险。为了使避让孔22又能起到约束焊丝的作用，又便于焊丝从隔热套20穿出，因此将避让孔22改为锥形导孔23。锥形导孔23是一个靠近 导电块13的一侧大，出丝侧的孔径小的锥形孔。出丝侧的孔径与焊丝的直径相当，锥形导孔23起着起着引导焊丝的作用，即方便焊丝从隔热套20中穿出，又能很好的约束焊丝，使焊丝出丝更加准确。为了使锥形导孔23有更好的引导焊丝的作用，锥形导孔23的长度应适当延长。由于出丝侧的孔径与焊丝相当，也就是说焊丝基本上填满了出丝侧的孔的空隙，从而阻挡了焊接飞溅计入导电块13内部的可能。
提高焊丝出丝准确性的另外一个方法，如图8所示。在隔热套20前端增加一个导丝套50，导丝套50的中间是导丝孔51，导丝孔51的直径与焊丝相当。导电嘴使用前，导丝套50与隔热套20分离；使用时，将焊丝依次从主体10和隔热套20穿出；然后用焊丝从导丝套50的导丝孔51穿过；最后将导丝套50顺着焊丝插入隔热套20前端的大孔内；使导丝孔51对焊丝形成良好的约束，焊丝出丝准确性的到保证。导丝孔51也可以做成锥形孔，使导丝更容易穿进导丝套50内。由于焊丝导套50的孔径与焊丝相当，使焊丝与导丝孔51之间几乎没有空隙，因此焊接飞溅也无法进入导电块13内部。
根据图8的原理，使用在导电嘴前，隔热套20先不装入主体10内，隔热套20的避让孔22直径与焊丝相当。使用导电嘴时，先将焊丝从主体10穿出，再将焊丝穿过隔热套10的避让孔22，最后隔热套20顺着焊丝装入主体10上。
将导电块13的前段轻微折弯，折弯的角度根据导电块13的倾斜角度和焊丝直径的大小而改变，使导电块13前端形成接触部18，接触部18增加了主体10与焊丝的接触面积，使导电嘴的导电性能进一步提高。除了图7以外，上面的图2、图3、图4、图5等也对接触部18的形状进行了展示。为了确保接触部18充分与焊丝接触，就必须控制接触部18的角度，为了使接触部18的角度更加精准，可以在接触部18的折弯处设置成形口131。
实施例8：如图9所示，本实施例在主体10与隔热套20加入隔热垫60。隔热垫60起着将主体和隔热套20隔离的作用。隔热垫60分为轴向隔热垫和径向隔热垫两种(图中与轴线平行的隔热垫为轴向隔热垫，与轴线垂直的隔热垫为径向隔热垫)。隔热垫60使用玻璃纤维、石棉、岩棉、气凝胶毡等隔热材料制作，隔热垫60的表面有凹纹或者凸纹，凹纹和凸纹也能起到隔热的作用，将熔池传递给主体10的热量降低到最低限度。
主体10与弹簧30之间、弹簧30与隔热套20之间也可以添加隔热垫60。
实施例9：如图10所示，主体10的前端有延长部16，延长部16将焊丝过孔12延长，延长的焊丝过孔12为焊丝提供了更好的约束。虽然该方案中导电嘴的总长并为增加，但导电块13和焊丝过孔的长度均得到了保证。导电块13由于长度足够，因此也会用于良好的弹性。本实施例中的弹簧30，可以是实施例3中所展示的为一个整体，也可以是分别独立片状弹簧30，片状弹簧30形状类似于一个钝角。片状弹簧30的一边贴在主体10上，另一边贴在导电块13上，此时再装入隔热套20，将片状弹簧30压在主体10和隔热套20之间，以此实现对片状弹簧30的固定。此外还可以使用连接环将片状弹簧30固定在主体10上，连接环为一个圆环，先将片状弹簧30放在主体10合适的位置，再装入连接环，让连接环将片状弹簧30压住。
本实施例还设计了锥形导孔23的另外一种形式，锥形导23孔前端是圆柱孔，后端是锥孔。另外对隔热套20的头部结构也进行了圆角的优化处理。
实施例10：如图11所示，主体10上有避让槽17，隔热套20插入主体10后，在隔热套20与避让槽17对应的部位往内压凹，形成凹扣24，以此实现主体10与隔热套20的连接。凹扣24可以是沿主体10一整圈，也可以是以主体10的轴线为圆心呈点装分布，凹扣24的数量可以是一个处，也可是多处。由于避让槽17是一个凹槽，也可以兼具隔热槽的作用，为了达到更好的隔热效果，凹扣24的数量应尽量少。也可以采用类似的方法在没有避让槽17的地方对隔热套20进行压凹处理，由于铜这种金属较软，使用尖而硬的金属往隔热套20上施加足够的压力，可以将隔热套20的材料压入主体10内，此种方法就是上文说的压凹连接。加工凹扣24时，可以连同主体10一起压凹，这样主体10与隔热套20之间的连接会更加紧密。另外，还可以在隔热槽21的地方加工凹扣24。
此外，还应尽可能多地在主体10与隔热套20之间设计更过的空腔结构。
实施例11：如图12所示，隔热套20将主体10全部装入空腔内(主体10后端用于与焊枪连接，当导电嘴装到焊枪上时，外露的那部分会被塞入焊枪内部)，使之拥有更好的隔热效果。如果在隔热套20与主体10之间增设隔热垫60，再在隔热槽20和主体10之间配上合适的隔热槽或者空腔。就能使主体10尤其是导电块13的温度得到最大限度的降低。
在隔热套20装入主体10后，将隔热套20后缘向内施加压力，得到卷边25。如果沿隔热套20的一周施加压力，就可以得到一整圈的卷边25；如果只对某个点施加压力，那个卷边25也只有一个点，加工卷边25时，将主体10的材料也压凹，这样不仅能够使隔热套20与主体10之间形成更好的连接，还能防止隔热套20旋转。这种将隔热套20的后沿向内施加压力得到卷边25的方法，叫做卷边连接。
实施例12：高导电耐用导电嘴主体10的导电块13为加厚导电块，如图13所示，加厚导电块的宽度比焊丝略窄，焊丝从呈对称分布的两导电块13的中间通过。导电块13与焊丝接触的面可以是平面，也可以是有弧形的引导槽19，为了提高导电嘴的使用寿命，引导槽19不易太大，引导槽19的弧面劲量与焊丝保持一致，以提高导电块13与焊丝的接触面积，使导电块13拥有良好的导电性。由于引导槽19是一个与焊丝外形一致的弧面，因此引导槽19还有给焊丝定位的作用，有了这种结构的导电块13，焊丝就不会随意偏摆，焊丝出丝更准。导电块13为焊丝导电并供焊丝磨损，由于导电块13的宽度比焊丝窄。当导电块13被焊丝磨损后，将导电块13往内压，使两导电块13的距离缩小到焊丝直径的程度，则导电嘴又可以继续使用，如此不断循环，只要导电块13的厚度足够，则导电嘴可以一直使用下去。另外，可以将导电块13适当延长，使其具有足够的弹性，并将两导电块13压拢，使导电块13对焊丝有足够的夹持力，使用效果会更佳。当然导电块13还可以配合弹簧30一起使用，此时导电块13上需有软导片14，以降低导电块13的强度。在弹簧30上设置凸起或者凹坑，使弹簧30与其他零件的接触面积尽量缩小，已达到限制热量传导的目的。
主体10中部有连接部11和容纳槽15，连接部用于与隔热套20连接，容纳槽15用于将主体10和隔热套20隔离，以减弱隔热套20传递给主体10的热量，隔热套可以使用铜制造，也可以使用其他材料制造，当使用的材料易粘飞溅时，应对其进行防飞溅处理。
实施例13：如图14所示，主体10的导电块13由导电块根部132、外凸133及接触部18组成。两导电块13之间的间隙比焊丝过孔12的直径略小，两外凸133之间的间隙比焊丝过孔的直径大。引导槽19在接触部18上或者贯穿整个导电块13。外凸133为接触部18提供弹力，引导槽19与焊丝接触，引导槽19使焊丝与导电块13的接触面积增加，使导电嘴的导电性能更有保证，引导槽19对焊丝起到定位作用，出丝更准。
实施例14：如图15所示，本实施例中使用连接销70将隔热套20和主体10连接，连接销70有多种形式，可以是光销，表面也可以有滚花，还可以有螺纹，有螺纹的连接销70。为了方便连接销70拧入主体10内，有螺纹的连接销70头部有“一”字或者是“十”字凹槽，还可以是内六角的凹槽。连接销70的外形可以是圆柱型，也可以是T型。虽然导电嘴与焊枪的连接方式有很多种，但用得最多的还是螺纹连接。为了使用时导电嘴能轻松地安装在焊枪上，或者更换时从焊枪上拆下来，导电嘴上需设置扳手面26，扳手面26可以设置在主体10上，也可以设置在隔热套20上。但遇到有的导电嘴规格较短的情况，如宾采尔15AK，25KD等型号，主体10上没有足够空间，板手面26就只能设置在隔热套上，即便是导电嘴的长度足够在主体10上设置板后面26，但从使用的方便性上考虑，扳手面26设置在隔热套26上更适合。用连接销70将隔热套20固定在主体10上可以防止隔热套20脱落，在安装和拆卸导电嘴时，还可以防止隔热套20旋转。遇到主体10和隔热套20都没有足够空间设置扳手面26的情况下，可以在外表面加工滚花，以增加其粗糙度及摩擦力，方便工具将导电嘴的安装或者拆卸。
两导电块13之间的距离小于焊丝过孔12，引导槽19是焊丝过孔12的一部分，弹簧30将导电块13压拢，并为其提供弹力。当焊丝通过导电块13后，由于引导槽是焊丝过孔12的一部分， 故与焊丝的接触面自然不会少，此方案的好处是不用特意加工接触部18就能使导电块13与焊丝有大面积的接触，从而提升导电嘴的导电性能。与实施例13相比，不去刻意让导电块13具有弹力，导电块13在持续的高温环境中会丧失弹力，弹力由弹簧30提供，本实施例没有外凸133，具有结构简单的优势。
为了能够从分发挥各零件的性能，本实施例对隔热套20的内腔结构做了调整。
实施例15：如图16所示，在一些无法设置扳手面26的极端情况下，可以设置旋转孔171来安装或者拆卸导电嘴，旋转孔可以设置在主体10上，也可以设置在隔热套20上。当隔热套20上有旋转孔时，应在隔热套20和主体10之间设置连接销70，当连接销70的位置有弹簧30时，可在弹簧30的打孔，使连接销70能插入主体10内。
导丝套50的形状还可以是T型，导丝套50中心的孔除了是圆柱型，还可是设置陈锥形。导丝套50与隔热套20可以采用过盈连接的方式，还可以采用螺纹连接的方式。
导电块13为等截面结构。
实施例16：如图17所示，本实施例的弹簧30的结构为圈簧，圈簧顾名思义为圆圈形的弹簧，类似圈数约为0.7-1.8圈的螺旋弹簧，也类似于弹簧垫圈。导电块13上有定位槽135，弹簧30在定位槽135内，防止弹簧30从导电块13脱落。同理，正如实施例4所采取的措施一样，当导电块13与隔热套20之间的间隙小于圈簧的外径时，也可以达到防止弹簧30从导电块13脱落的效果。同样，圈簧需要耐高温弹簧材料制作，这样才能确保在高温环境中仍然具有足够的硬度，使弹簧30在焊接过程中不会松弛。圈簧具有的弹性，故将其扩张后便能放入定位槽135内，圈簧的硬度和直径，是其具有弹力大小的关键，控制圈簧的硬度和直径，使弹力正好能够将上下两个导电块13压拢，焊接时，焊丝从导电块30穿过，将弹簧30撑开，此时弹簧30对导电块13形成一个向内的压力，导电块13便能与焊丝20保持良好的接触，随着导电块13渐渐被焊丝磨损，圈簧也会慢慢向内收拢。圈簧将上下两个导电块13压拢的力，不易太大，因为这会导致焊接时出丝的阻力过增大，产生出丝不畅甚至无法出丝的风险。为了保证导电嘴把足够的电能传导给焊丝，不能一味地将软导片14的截面变小来降低导电块13的钢度，应尽可能采用延长导电块13的方法来降低导电块13的钢度，焊接生产中有些型号的导电嘴长度只有25毫米甚至更短，这就限制了导电块13的长度，解决的办法就是将主体10分成本体116和核心体134两部分，这样导电块13根部141可以往后移，短型号的导电嘴也能最大限度增加导电块13的长度，导电块13长度增加，钢度便会降低，从而可以使用弹力更小的圈簧，焊丝出丝的顺畅性更有保证。本体116与核心体134采用过盈连接，保证电能传递的畅通。必要时，在核心体134的尾部向外侧做一个翻边137，防止核心体134脱落。本体116与核心体134之间应进行牢固而充分的连接，牢固的连接是防止脱落，充分的连接是为了保证电能的有效传送。常用的满足牢固而充分的连接还有螺纹连接、焊接等。
将软导片14做成由若干细丝或者薄片组成的柔软结构，也是一种降低导电块13钢度的一种方法。
导电嘴在焊接时受到电弧的热辐射，会使导电块13温度升高而变软，弹簧30的弹力可适当降低。
实施例17：如图18所示，本实施例提供了另外一种结构的圈簧(弹簧30)，图17展示的是圈簧的头尾均在导电块13前端的凸台上的技术方案，圈簧的长度较短(螺距较小)。本实施例中圈簧的长度较长(螺距较大)，圈簧的一端贴着导电块13前端的凸台，另一端贴着软导片14。与图17的技术方案相比，本实施例中圈簧的着力点更为分散，前者集中在前端，后者只有一部分在前端，另一部分的着力点更靠后，再加上导电块13压拢后形成一个角度，也就能起到调节弹力的效果。
调节弹簧30弹力(这里不仅限于圈簧，也包括上述几种弹簧)的另一个方法就是将弹簧30给导电块13施加弹力的着力点由导电块13的头部向后移动，因为弹簧30收拢后会形成一个角度，当焊丝从导电块13中间穿过，将导电块13撑开，弹簧30的着力点越靠后，弹簧13的扩 张量就越小，同理，当导电块13磨损后贴拢时，着力点靠后的弹簧30收缩的量也越小。
为了降低弹簧30与导电块13之间的摩擦阻力，应劲量减小弹簧30与导电块之间的接触面积，除此之外，还应提高表面粗糙度，提高硬度等方式降低弹簧30与导电块13之间的摩擦力。
该实施例中，本体116与核心体134采用螺纹螺纹连接。长型号的导电嘴，隔热套20与主体10之间可以采用螺纹连接，因为主体10上有足够的空间放置扳手面26，虽然导电嘴与焊枪的连接方式有很多，但最常用的还是螺纹连接。当使用螺纹连接时，由于主体10与隔热套20也是采用螺纹连接，如果扳手面26在隔热套20上，会出现导电嘴拧不紧或者拆不掉的情况，将扳手面26放在主体10(或者本体116)上，就不会出现这样的问题。
图18展示的是一种长型号的圈簧，圈簧的头部向导电嘴前端大角度倾斜，在此情况下，没有定位槽135圈簧也不会脱落。
实施例18：本实施例将主体10分成两部分，一部分为本体116，另一部分为导电体136，如图19所示。导电体136整体由若干薄铜片或者细铜丝制造，目的是为了让导电块13变得柔软，同时又有足够多的导体为焊丝导电，必要时将导电块13的两端压实或者将两端的薄铜片、细铜丝熔接在一起，以提高其稳定性，中间段不熔接，使其拥有良好的柔软度，另外，将用于制作导电体136的薄铜片的前端向后折1-3次，使之与薄铜片完全贴拢，以达到将导电体136前端加厚的目的，后折的次数越多，则134前端越厚，此时导电体136的结构类似于实施例3中由14软导片和导电块13组合而成的结构。导电体136固定在本体116上，导电块13固定在弹簧30上。
实施例19：图20在部分导电块13上有软导片14的主体10的结构图，导电块13之间是平直缺缝。没有软导片14的的截面尺寸可以做得更粗，目的是使该导电块13有足够的导体保障电能的传输，这样就可以把软导片14的截面尺寸做得更小，使之变得更加柔软，弹簧30的弹力仅施加在有软导片14的导电块13上，弹力使导电块13压住焊丝，并使焊丝与另一侧有足够导体的导电块13接触，这样就有充足的电能传导给焊丝。由于有软导片14的导电块13更柔软，就可以使用弹力更小的弹簧30。弹簧30的弹力降低，导电块13对焊丝的阻力也进一步降低，焊丝的出丝也就更加顺畅，该方案特别适合长度过短的导电嘴。由于无软导片14的导电块13截面尺寸更大，因此刚度也更大，而弹簧30的弹力又更小，因此弹簧30的弹力只施加在有软导片14的导电块13上就可以了。
实施例20：图21是导电块13之间为斜缺缝的核心体134的结构图。斜缺缝使导电块13根部一侧的截面尺寸变小，另一侧的尺寸变大。同样，为了使导电块13有足够的导体给焊丝导电，导电块13的截面尺寸可以做得更大一些，用于弥补另一侧的导体损失。控制好斜缺缝的深度和角度，就能将小截面侧导电块13做得更加柔软，从而形成软导片14，弹簧30的弹力仅施加在柔软的导电块13上，更加柔软的导电块13能适用弹力更小的弹簧30，在充分保证导电嘴的导电性的前提下，由弹簧30带给焊丝的阻力得到最大限度的降低。这样就能把导电嘴的最佳综合性能发挥出来，即最好的导电性，最小的焊丝阻力，最长的使用寿命。与两侧的导电块13都需要施加弹力相比，给单侧导电块13施加弹力，弹簧30与导电块13的摩擦力会更小。
实施例21：为了简化产品结构确能实现同样的发明效果，可以将实施例19和实施例20中有软导片14一侧的导电块去掉，只保留大截面尺寸大这侧的导电块125，弹簧30的弹力直接施加在焊丝上，使焊丝与大截面的导电块125形成娘好的接触，大截面的导电块125给焊丝导电。
根据弹簧直接给焊丝施加弹力的技术方案，可以引申出新的导电嘴结构，如图22所示。在主体10的前端有一个弹簧槽，弹簧槽的长度约2-25毫米，弹簧槽的宽度约1-10毫米，弹簧槽的深度应完全达到焊丝过孔的底部，也就是说，弹簧槽要穿过整个焊丝过孔的孔径，这样才能最大限度的提高导电嘴的使用寿命。弹簧30为“C”形的片状弹簧，弹簧30的宽度与弹簧槽的宽度相当，弹簧30的厚度以弹簧30需要的弹力决定，另外在确定弹簧30的弹力时，可以通过调节弹簧30的长度、宽度、高度以及厚度进行控制。防脱罩80用防飞溅材料制作，由板材卷成圆柱体而成，板材的两头对接，这种结构可以使防脱罩80的外径可以扩大，以便能放 入主体10里面。当然可以把主体10的结构稍作修改，使防脱早80做成全封闭的结构与主体10连接，比如将主体10后端的外径与防脱罩80的内径配合，主体10前端的外径比防脱罩80的外径大，防脱罩80从主体10后端插入，这样的好处是防脱罩80不会脱落。另外防脱罩80还可以为隔热套20的结构。如果防脱罩80从主体10前端插入的话，需要采用过盈配合、压凹、螺纹、防脱销等措施来防止防脱罩80从主体10脱落。弹簧30的结构不仅仅限于“C”形，也可以是使用上述诸多实施例中的结构，甚至还可以使用螺旋弹簧和“Z”型弹簧，在使用其他结构的弹簧30时，必要情况下，可以对主体10的结构做适当修改。
在不考虑焊丝位置偏离的情况下，为了将导电嘴的使用寿命发挥到极限，弹簧(30)的宽度设计成比焊丝略小的尺寸，这样无论焊丝怎么将主体10磨损，焊丝始终都能与主体10保持很好的接触，则导电嘴可以一直使用下去，直到主体10的材料被焊丝完全磨损耗尽。与之相对应的另一种方案是，将弹簧槽所对应的另一侧的主体10的宽度尺寸做小，使其该部位主体10的宽度略小于焊丝直径，这样在弹簧30的宽度不能做到比焊丝直径略小的情况下，当主体10的材料被焊丝不断磨损时，弹簧30也不会与主体10发生抵触，使焊丝始终与主体10保持良好的接触，直到主体10的材料被焊丝完全磨损耗尽。
实施例22：如图23所示，该图展示了高导电耐用焊接导电嘴尾部的几种不同的结构。导电嘴尾部与焊枪连接，通过与焊枪的连接获得来自焊机的电能，导电嘴尾部的结构有内螺纹111、有外螺纹112、有T形113、有的还有锥度114以及矫直部115。延长部分是伸入焊枪内部，在不延长导电嘴外露部分长度的情况下，对焊丝有一定的矫直作用，同时也增加了导电嘴与焊丝的接触面积，对提高导电性能有一定帮助。
图24展示的是典型弹簧的结构图，图25展示的是片状钝角结构，在附图的剖视图中，典型弹簧和片状钝角结构的弹簧不易区分，因此通过图24和图25将两种不同弹簧的完整结构展示出来。
图26是另一种主体有扳手面的高导电耐用焊接导电嘴，该导电嘴为长型号的导电嘴。
对高导电耐用焊接导电嘴尤其是主体10进行时效处理，以提高其强度、耐磨性和导电性，则导电嘴的使用寿命和性能会进一步提高。
为了提高导电嘴的导电性能，应当适当增加接触部18的长度，或者增加引导槽19与焊丝的接触面积，除此之外，还应提高导电嘴与焊丝接触面的表面粗超度，使接触面光滑如镜。
以上所诉仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不以上诉实施例为限制，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进，均应包含本发明的保护范围。
本发明中每个实施例公开了一个或者多个技术方案，根据这些实施例所给出的技术启示，实施例与实施例之间可以进行替换或者组合，从而得到新的实施例。由于这些新的实施例可以将已公开的这些实施例进行自由替换或者组合后获得，因此就不一一列举，在此特别说明。

Claims (10)

  1. 高导电耐用焊接导电嘴与方法，其特征是：导电嘴由主体(10)和隔热套(20)组成，隔热套(20)内部有空腔，用于容纳主体(10)，空腔与隔热套(20)前端的避让孔(22)相连，
    主体(10)内部有焊丝过孔(12)，焊丝过孔(12)将主体(10)贯通，焊丝过孔(12)的孔为等径孔；或者是主体(10)内部为不等径孔，主体(10)前段为薄壁结构，不等径孔在主体(10)前端的焊丝出口处的直径比其它区域的孔径小；或者是主体(10)的后端是焊丝过孔(12)，前端是导电块(13)，导电块(13)夹持住焊丝，并供焊丝磨损，
    主体(10)内的焊丝过孔(12)与隔热套(20)的避让孔(22)在同一条轴线上。
  2. 高导电耐用焊接导电嘴与方法，其特征是：导电嘴由主体(10)和弹簧(30)组成，弹簧(30)在主体(10)的前端，主体(10)有焊丝过孔(12)和导电块(13)，弹簧(30)为导电块(13)提供弹力，导电块(13)夹持住焊丝，并供焊丝磨损；
    或者是，导电嘴由主体(10)、弹簧(30)和隔热套(20)组成，隔热套(20)内部有空腔，用于容纳主体(10)和弹簧(30)，空腔与隔热套(20)前端的避让孔(22)相连，焊丝导管(40)与隔热套(20)的避让孔(22)在同一条轴线上，弹簧(30)为导电块(13)提供弹力，导电块(13)夹持住焊丝，并供焊丝磨损。
  3. 高导电耐用焊接导电嘴与方法，其特征是：导电嘴由主体(10)和焊丝导管(40)组成，焊丝导管(40)在主体(10)的内部，焊丝由焊丝导管(40)内通过，并将焊丝送往主体(10)的头部，主体(10)的前端是导电块(13)，导电块(13)夹持住焊丝，并供焊丝磨损；或者主体(10)内部为不等径孔，不等径孔在主体(10)前端的焊丝出口处的直径比其它区域的孔径小；
    或者是，导电嘴由主体(10)、焊丝导管(40)和隔热套(20)组成，隔热套(20)内部有空腔，用于容纳主体(10)，空腔与隔热套(20)前端的避让孔(22)相连，焊丝导管(40)与隔热套(20)的避让孔(22)在同一条轴线上。
  4. 高导电耐用焊接导电嘴与方法，其特征是：导电嘴是由主体(10)、弹簧(30)和焊丝导管(40)组成，弹簧(30)在主体(10)的前端，焊丝导管(40)在主体(10)的内部，焊丝由焊丝导管(40)内通过，并将焊丝送往主体(10)的头部，主体(10)的后端是焊丝过孔(12)，前端是导电块(13)，弹簧(30)为导电块(13)提供弹力，导电块(13)夹持住焊丝，并供焊丝磨损；
    或者是，导电嘴由主体(10)、弹簧(30)、焊丝导管(40)和隔热套(20)组成，隔热套(20)内部有空腔，用于容纳主体(10)和弹簧(30)，空腔与隔热套(20)前端的避让孔(22)相连，焊丝导管(40)与隔热套(20)的避让孔(22)在同一条轴线上，弹簧(30)为导电块(13)提供弹力，导电块(13)夹持住焊丝，并供焊丝磨损。
  5. 高导电耐用焊接导电嘴与方法，其特征是：导电嘴有主体(10)、弹簧(30)和防脱套(80)组成，主体(10)的前端有弹簧槽，用于安装弹簧(30)，防脱套(80)用于防止弹簧(30)脱落；
    弹簧(30)为“C”形结构；
    或者是弹簧(30)为“V”形结构；
    或者是弹簧(30)为“Z”形结构；
    或者是弹簧(30)为片状钝角结构；
    或者是弹簧(30)为螺旋结构；
    弹簧(30)的宽度比焊丝直径大；
    或者是弹簧(30)的宽度比焊丝直径小；
    防脱罩(80)为对接的圆柱形结构；
    或者是防脱罩(80)为封闭的圆柱形结构；
    或者是防脱罩(80)为隔热套(20)的结构；
    主体(10)弹簧槽的对应侧为实心结构；
    或者是主体(10)弹簧槽的对应侧的宽度比焊丝小；
    主体(10)上无板手面(26)；
    或者是主体(10)上有板手面(26)；
    或者是对主体(10)进行时效处理。
  6. 根据权利要求1、2、3、4所述的高导电耐用焊接导电嘴与方法，其特征是：主体(10)上有连接部(11)；
    或者是主体(10)上有弹力筋(33)的容纳槽(15)；
    或者是主体(10)上有延长部(16)；
    或者是主体(10)上有避让槽(17)；
    或者是主体(10)上有安装和拆卸导电嘴的扳手面(26)或者滚花；
    或者是主体(10)的截面形状为圆形、椭圆形、跑道形或者多边形；
    或者是主体(10)上有隔热槽(21)或者散热槽；
    或者是主体(10)上有旋转孔(171)；
    或者是主体(10)由本体(116)和导电体(136)组成；导电体(136)整体由若干薄铜片或者细铜丝制造，对导电块(13)的两端压实或者熔接；制造导电体(136)的薄铜片的前端向后折1-3次；
    或者是主体(10)由本体(116)与核心体(134)组成；本体(116)与核心体(134)之间进行牢固而充分的连接；核心体(134)的尾部有翻边(137)；
    或者是主体(10)尾部的结构为内螺纹(111)、外螺纹(112)、“T”形(113)、圆锥形(114)或者矫直部(115)；
    或者是主体(10)一侧的导电块(23)有软导片(14)，另一侧没有软导片(14)；
    或者是主体(10)上导电块(13)之间的缺缝为斜缺缝；
    或者是核心体(134)一侧的导电块(23)有软导片(14)，另一侧没有软导片(14)；
    或者是核心体(1136)上导电块(13)之间的缺缝为斜缺缝；
    或者是主体(10)只有一侧有导电块(13)；
    或者是核心体(134)只有一侧有导电块(13)。
  7. 根据权利要求1、2、3、4所述的高导电耐用焊接导电嘴与方法，其特征是：导电块(13)为等截面的结构；或者是导电块(13)的后端有软导片(14)，软导片(14)的截面比导电块(13)其它部位的截面小；或者是软导片(14)由若干薄铜片、细铜丝组成；当软导片由薄铜片或者细铜丝组成时，导电块需固定在弹簧(30)上；
    或者是导电块(13)上有用于安放弧筋(34)、圈簧的定位槽(135)；
    或者是导电块(13)的中段或者后段是若干细铜丝或者薄铜片组成的柔软结构，导电块(13)的前段固定在弹簧(30)的弹力片(32)或者弧筋(34)上，固定方式为卡扣式固定、过盈式固定、销固定或者焊接固定；
    或者是导电块(13)上有成形口(131)；
    或者是导电块(13)上有外凸(133)；
    或者是主体(10)内有焊丝导管(40)，为了使焊丝导管(40)尽量往主体前端延伸，对导电块(13)进行避让处理；
    或者是导电块(13)与焊丝接触的面有引导槽(19)；
    或者是导电块(13)的前段有接触部(18)；
    本权利要求中的导电块(13)包括主体(10)上的导电块(13)、核心体(134)上的导电块(13)和导电体(136)上的导电块(13)。
  8. 根据权利要求1、2、3、4所述的高导电耐用焊接导电嘴与方法，其特征是：隔热套(20)上有隔热槽(21)或者散热槽；
    或者是隔热套(20)内有容纳支撑片(35)的槽；
    或者是隔热套(20)的前端有锥形导孔(23)，锥形导孔(23)为锥形结构，或者是锥形导孔(23)的前端为圆柱孔后端为锥形孔；
    或者是隔热套(20)头部为圆角结构；
    或者是避让孔(22)上有螺纹；
    或者是隔热套(20)上有凹扣(24)；
    或者是隔热套(20)上有卷边(25)；
    或者是隔热套(20)的前端有导丝套(50)，导丝套(50)上有导丝孔(51)；导丝套(50)为圆柱形或者“T”形，导丝孔(51)为圆柱形或者圆锥形；导丝套(50)上有螺纹或者没有螺纹；
    或者是隔热套(20)上有安装和拆卸导电嘴的扳手面(26)或者滚花。
    或者是隔热套(20)进行防飞溅处理；
    或者是隔热套(20)的截面形状为圆形、椭圆形、跑道形或者多边形；
    或者是隔热套(20)上有旋转孔(171)；
    或者是隔热套(20)上有扳手面(26)或者滚花；
    或者是隔热套(20)与主体(10)通过连接销(70)连接；连接销(70)的形状为圆柱形或者“T”形；或者是圆柱体上有螺纹，头部有“一”字或者“十”字形的凹槽；相应的，隔热套(20)和主体(10)上有供连接销(70)配合的孔和螺纹；
    或者是隔热套(20)与主体(10)通过螺纹连接、过盈连接、销连接、压凹连接、焊接和卷边连接的方式进行连接；
    或者是隔热套(20)与主体(10)之间特意不安装到位，保留一定间隙。
  9. 根据权利要求1、2、3、4所述的高导电耐用焊接导电嘴与方法，其特征是：弹簧(30)由固定环(31)和弹力片(32)组成，弹力片(32)紧贴在导电块(13)上，固定环(31)将弹簧(30)固定在主体(10)上；或者是弹簧(30)由弹力筋(33)和弧筋(34)组成，弧筋(34)与导电块(13)紧贴，并将弹簧(30)固定在主体(10)上；或者是弹簧(30)由支撑片(35)和弹力片(32)组成，支撑片(35)支撑在隔热套(20)的内壁，弹力片(32)紧贴在导电块(13)上；或者是弹簧(30)为呈钝角形的片状结构，弹簧(30)的一端与导电块(13)紧贴，另一端被连接环固定在主体(10)上；或者是弹簧(30)为圈簧，圈簧安装在导电块(13)上；
    或者是弹簧(30)上有凹纹或者凸纹；
    或者是弹簧(30)进行防飞溅处理；
    或者是弹簧(30)的固定环(31)的截面形状为圆形、椭圆形、跑道形或者多边形；
    或者是弹簧(30)采用螺纹连接、过盈连接、销连接、压凹连接或者焊接的方式与主体(10)连接；
    或者是弹簧(30)中的弧筋(34)、圈簧的直径大于导电块(13)和隔热套(20)的距离；
    或者是圈簧的螺距没有限制；
    或者是弹簧(30)的着力点在导电块(13)的任意位置；
    或者是弹簧(30)与导电块(13)之间采用减小接触面，增加表面光滑度，提高表面硬度的方式减小摩擦阻力。
  10. 根据权利要求1、2、3、4所述的高导电耐用焊接导电嘴与方法，其特征是：主体(10)和隔热套(20)之间有隔热垫(60)；
    或者是主体(10)和弹簧(30)之间有隔热垫(60)；
    或者是弹簧(30)与隔热套(20)之间有隔热垫(60)；
    隔热垫(60)为轴向隔热垫或者径向隔热垫；
    或者是隔热垫(60)上有凹纹或者凸纹；
    或者是对主体(10)、核心体(134)以及导电体(136)进行时效处理。
PCT/CN2020/107251 2019-08-11 2020-08-06 高导电耐用焊接导电嘴 WO2021027663A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202080004133.XA CN112739483A (zh) 2019-08-11 2020-08-06 高导电耐用焊接导电嘴

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910737113.2A CN110355452A (zh) 2019-08-11 2019-08-11 精细焊接导电嘴及其制造方法
CN201910737113.2 2019-08-11
CN202010577419.9 2020-06-22
CN202010577419.9A CN112427785A (zh) 2020-06-22 2020-06-22 高导电耐用焊接导电嘴与方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021027663A1 true WO2021027663A1 (zh) 2021-02-18

Family

ID=74569259

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2020/107251 WO2021027663A1 (zh) 2019-08-11 2020-08-06 高导电耐用焊接导电嘴

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN112739483A (zh)
WO (1) WO2021027663A1 (zh)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070181551A1 (en) * 2004-05-12 2007-08-09 Lincoln Global, Inc. Method of pulse welding and contact tip therefor
KR20090099128A (ko) * 2008-03-17 2009-09-22 에스티엑스조선주식회사 용접 와이어의 용착속도 향상을 위한 컨텍팁
CN201799759U (zh) * 2010-06-07 2011-04-20 石建荣 长效导电嘴
CN102922106A (zh) * 2012-11-05 2013-02-13 黄春利 一种自夹紧、长寿命、节能导电嘴
CN206882972U (zh) * 2017-07-05 2018-01-16 河北渤海机电股份有限公司 气体保护焊导电嘴和气体保护焊机
CN208662803U (zh) * 2018-06-20 2019-03-29 青岛光峰自动化科技有限公司 一种带焊丝保护器的气保焊导电嘴
CN110355452A (zh) * 2019-08-11 2019-10-22 何强 精细焊接导电嘴及其制造方法

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10193124A (ja) * 1997-01-14 1998-07-28 Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd 給電チップ装置
CN201000799Y (zh) * 2006-12-26 2008-01-02 深圳Tcl新技术有限公司 一种热敏电阻
CN101239417A (zh) * 2008-03-04 2008-08-13 王雁林 气体保护焊机的焊嘴
CN104203478B (zh) * 2012-03-29 2016-10-12 大阳日酸株式会社 半自动焊接系统、转换用接头套件及焊接用吹管
CN105643070B (zh) * 2016-03-22 2017-10-17 南通振康焊接机电有限公司 一种自调节导电装置
CN110076434A (zh) * 2018-09-15 2019-08-02 何强 易于加工的耐用焊接导电嘴及其制造方法
CN209223365U (zh) * 2018-12-26 2019-08-09 常州市华瑞焊割机械有限公司 用于焊枪的导电嘴
CN114406421A (zh) * 2020-06-13 2022-04-29 何强 易调节耐用焊接导电嘴与方法

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20070181551A1 (en) * 2004-05-12 2007-08-09 Lincoln Global, Inc. Method of pulse welding and contact tip therefor
KR20090099128A (ko) * 2008-03-17 2009-09-22 에스티엑스조선주식회사 용접 와이어의 용착속도 향상을 위한 컨텍팁
CN201799759U (zh) * 2010-06-07 2011-04-20 石建荣 长效导电嘴
CN102922106A (zh) * 2012-11-05 2013-02-13 黄春利 一种自夹紧、长寿命、节能导电嘴
CN206882972U (zh) * 2017-07-05 2018-01-16 河北渤海机电股份有限公司 气体保护焊导电嘴和气体保护焊机
CN208662803U (zh) * 2018-06-20 2019-03-29 青岛光峰自动化科技有限公司 一种带焊丝保护器的气保焊导电嘴
CN110355452A (zh) * 2019-08-11 2019-10-22 何强 精细焊接导电嘴及其制造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN112739483A (zh) 2021-04-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP1287937B1 (en) A welding torch for use in gas metal arc welding
KR0144541B1 (ko) 용접와이어팁 및 어셈블리
EP3068570B1 (en) Method of cooling a contact tip of an arc welding apparatus
KR100449568B1 (ko) 용접용콘택트팁
KR930002524B1 (ko) 저항 용접 전극
AU2014348615A1 (en) High performance contact tip and nozzle assembly with improved cooling for use in an arc welding apparatus
AU2014348569A1 (en) Nozzle insert for an arc welding apparatus, with an internal gas diverter
WO2021249413A1 (zh) 易调节耐用焊接导电嘴与方法
WO2021027663A1 (zh) 高导电耐用焊接导电嘴
CN110355452A (zh) 精细焊接导电嘴及其制造方法
US6689987B2 (en) Welding contact tip with rolled threads
WO2020052588A1 (zh) 耐高温长寿命焊接导电嘴及其制造方法和使用方法
PT2480367E (pt) Pontas de contacto de soldadura para aplicações de impulso
KR20100102407A (ko) 플렉서블 티그 용접 토치
CN112427785A (zh) 高导电耐用焊接导电嘴与方法
CN213469925U (zh) 易调节耐用焊接导电嘴
CN208483361U (zh) 一种焊接机器人用导电嘴
CN212793499U (zh) 高导电耐用焊接导电嘴
US3038059A (en) Welding nozzle
JPH1085950A (ja) 良伝導性の材料からなる薄板あるいは異形材の抵抗点溶接のための装置
KR100646096B1 (ko) 자기제어 기능을 갖는 ｇｍａ용접용 콘택트팁
JP2022007947A (ja) 給電チップ及び給電チップユニット
WO1998012011A1 (en) Electrode extension guide for welding
JP3688682B2 (ja) 溶接チップおよびその製造方法
CN217596235U (zh) 一种弹性电极嘴

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 20851510

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 20851510

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1