WO2021027431A1 - 屏下摄像组件、摄像模组和光学镜头及其制作方法 - Google Patents

屏下摄像组件、摄像模组和光学镜头及其制作方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021027431A1
WO2021027431A1 PCT/CN2020/100164 CN2020100164W WO2021027431A1 WO 2021027431 A1 WO2021027431 A1 WO 2021027431A1 CN 2020100164 W CN2020100164 W CN 2020100164W WO 2021027431 A1 WO2021027431 A1 WO 2021027431A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lens
optical
protrusion
optical lens
component
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/100164
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王明珠
姚立锋
戎琦
梅哲文
郭美杉
袁栋立
裴海鹏
王俊
Original Assignee
宁波舜宇光电信息有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201921316866.8U external-priority patent/CN210323545U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201921315981.3U external-priority patent/CN210323544U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201910749511.6A external-priority patent/CN112444933A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201910750248.2A external-priority patent/CN112444934A/zh
Application filed by 宁波舜宇光电信息有限公司 filed Critical 宁波舜宇光电信息有限公司
Priority to EP20851612.0A priority Critical patent/EP4006609A4/en
Priority to US17/635,126 priority patent/US20220299728A1/en
Publication of WO2021027431A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021027431A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
    • G02B7/025—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses using glue
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
    • G02B13/001—Miniaturised objectives for electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, webcams, PDAs, small digital cameras
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/005—Diaphragms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B7/00—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements
    • G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
    • G02B7/021—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses for more than one lens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/54—Mounting of pick-up tubes, electronic image sensors, deviation or focusing coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/57—Mechanical or electrical details of cameras or camera modules specially adapted for being embedded in other devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H04N23/55—Optical parts specially adapted for electronic image sensors; Mounting thereof

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of camera modules. Specifically, the present invention relates to an under-screen camera assembly, a corresponding camera module, an optical lens and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • the front camera module is an indispensable component.
  • the front camera module is usually set on the same side of the display screen to satisfy the user's Selfie and other functions.
  • higher and higher requirements are placed on the layout of the front camera.
  • different manufacturers develop a variety of solutions from different angles.
  • One technical direction is to arrange the front camera module on the top frame of the mobile phone to form a notch or water drop screen that is close to the full screen.
  • Another technical direction is: the use of telescopic camera modules to hide and use the camera.
  • the camera When shooting is needed, the camera can be controlled to extend out of the housing of the mobile phone (or other electronic equipment) to take the picture; after the shooting is completed, the camera is retracted into the housing of the mobile phone (or other electronic equipment).
  • the camera is prone to be impacted by external forces during the continuous expansion and contraction process and when the camera is extended relative to the mobile phone (or other electronic equipment), which can cause damage to the front camera and difficult replacement.
  • the “open-hole screen” solution is often used in the market.
  • the “open-hole screen” solution usually cooperates with the under-screen camera module to achieve the largest possible increase in the screen-to-body ratio of the mobile phone.
  • “Aperture screen” means that by canceling part of the structure of the screen that affects the lens to receive light, a hole that can transmit visible light is formed, and a camera module is set at the position corresponding to the hole, so as to achieve the front-facing shooting of the mobile phone, as much as possible The increased screen-to-body ratio.
  • the head size of the current camera module is above 3mm. Putting the head of the camera module into the hole will make the size of the screen opening large enough.
  • the side wall of the screen opening cannot affect the light collected by the camera module. Therefore, the same opening needs to be relatively large, at least 4.5mm or more. Such a large opening will result in poor display of the screen and affect the experience of using the screen. Therefore, it is expected that the openings of the "opening screen" are as small as possible.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a solution for an under-screen camera assembly and corresponding optical lens and camera module.
  • the present invention provides an optical lens, which includes: a first lens having a first surface on the object side and a second surface on the image side, wherein the first surface The central area protrudes toward the object side to form a protrusion, the top surface of the protrusion forms an optical zone for imaging, the first surface also has a first structure area surrounding the protrusion, the protrusion The side surface of the part connects the optical zone and the first structure zone; and a second lens component, which includes a second lens barrel and at least one second lens mounted inside the second lens barrel, wherein the at least one The second lens and the first lens together constitute an imageable optical system; wherein the second surface of the first lens is bonded to the top surface of the second lens barrel.
  • the central axis of the first lens and the central axis of the second lens component have an included angle that is not zero.
  • the second surface and the top surface of the second lens barrel are bonded by a first glue material, and after the first glue material is cured, the first lens and the second lens component are supported so that the The relative position of the first lens and the second lens component is maintained at the relative position determined by the active calibration, wherein the active calibration is based on the actual imaging result of the optical system to adjust the first lens and the second lens.
  • the process of adjusting the relative position of the lens components is based on the actual imaging result of the optical system to adjust the first lens and the second lens.
  • a light-shielding layer is attached to the side surface of the protrusion, the first structure area, and the outer surface of the first lens.
  • the second surface has an optical zone for imaging and a second structure zone surrounding the optical zone, and the second structure zone is attached with a light shielding layer.
  • the first lens is a single lens or a composite lens formed by interlocking a plurality of sub-lens
  • the second lens has a plurality of and the plurality of second lenses are assembled by the second lens barrel. together.
  • the first lens is a molded glass lens.
  • the top surface of the protrusion has a transition area, the transition area is located at the edge of the top surface, and the transition area is attached with a light shielding layer.
  • the diameter of the cross section of the protrusion is 1.0-2.0 mm.
  • the diameter of the cross section of the protrusion is 1.2-1.6 mm.
  • the height of the protrusion is 0.3-1.2 mm.
  • the height of the protrusion is 0.4-0.8 mm.
  • the included angle between the side surface of the protrusion and the optical axis of the optical lens is less than 15°.
  • the refractive index of the material of the first lens is 1.48-1.55.
  • the Abbe number of the first lens is 50.0-70.1.
  • the total height of the first lens is 0.4-1.6 mm.
  • the total height of the first lens is 0.6-1.2mm.
  • the outer diameter of the first lens is 3.0-4.0 mm.
  • the outer diameter of the first lens is 3.2-3.8 mm.
  • the thickness of the light shielding layer is greater than 5 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the light shielding layer is 15-30 ⁇ m.
  • one or more of the side surface of the protrusion, the first structure area, the outer side surface of the first lens, and the second structure area have been surface roughened.
  • the outer surface of the second lens barrel or the first lens includes at least one cutting surface.
  • the field angle of the optical lens is greater than 60°.
  • the ratio of the aperture of the light entrance hole of the second lens barrel to the diameter of the cross section of the protrusion is 0.80-1.25.
  • the optical lens further includes a light shielding member, which includes an annular light shielding portion, and the annular light shielding portion is disposed above the first structure area.
  • the shading member is an annular SOMA sheet, and the SOMA sheet is bonded to the first structure area.
  • the shading member is a first lens barrel
  • the bottom surface of the first lens barrel is bonded to the top surface of the second lens barrel
  • the top of the first lens barrel extends toward the first lens to form a ⁇ ring shading part.
  • the shading member includes an annular support and a SOMA sheet
  • the annular support surrounds the first lens
  • the bottom surface of the annular support is bonded to the top surface of the second lens barrel
  • the annular support The top surface of the support is bonded with the SOMA sheet
  • the SOMA sheet is ring-shaped
  • the SOMA sheet constitutes the ring-shaped light shielding portion.
  • a camera module which includes: the optical lens in any one of the foregoing; and a photosensitive component, where the optical lens is mounted on the photosensitive component.
  • the total optical length of the camera module is 3.4-4.4 mm.
  • an under-screen camera assembly which includes: a display screen having a light-through hole; and any of the aforementioned camera modules, wherein the protrusion of the camera module extends Into the light hole.
  • the display screen includes a substrate, and the first structure area of the camera module bears against the bottom surface of the substrate.
  • the display screen includes a substrate, the substrate has an opening and the diameter of the opening is larger than the diameter of the outer side surface of the first lens, and the first structure area is located in the opening and bears against The display screen.
  • an optical lens which includes: 1) a first lens and a second lens component to be separated from each other; wherein the first lens has a first surface on the object side And a second surface on the image side, wherein the central area of the first surface protrudes toward the object side to form a protrusion, the top surface of the protrusion forms an optical zone for imaging, and the first surface also has a surrounding area The first structure area around the protrusion, the side surface of the protrusion connects the optical area and the first structure area; the second lens component, which includes a second lens barrel and mounted on the second lens At least one second lens inside the tube; 2) pre-positioning the first lens and the second lens component, so that the at least one second lens and the first lens together form an imageable optical system; 3) Actively calibrate the first lens and the second lens component; and 4) Bond the bottom surface of the first lens and the top surface of the second lens barrel so that the first lens and The relative position of the second lens component
  • the first lens is made by a glass molding process, and the protrusion is processed by a cutting or polishing process, so that the side surface of the protrusion is sandwiched between the optical axis of the optical lens
  • the angle is less than 15°.
  • an optical lens which includes: 1) a first lens, a second lens component, and a shading member that are to be separated from each other; wherein the first lens has an object side The first surface and the second surface on the image side, wherein the central area of the first surface protrudes toward the object side to form a protrusion, the top surface of the protrusion forms an optical zone for imaging, and the first surface also has The first structure area surrounding the protrusion, the side surface of the protrusion connects the optical area and the first structure area; the second lens component includes a second lens barrel and is mounted on the At least one second lens inside the second lens barrel; the shading member includes a ring-shaped shading part; 2) prepositioning the first lens and the second lens component so that the at least one second lens is in contact with the The first lens together constitutes an imageable optical system; 3) the active calibration of the first lens and the second lens component; 4) the bottom surface of the first lens and the top of the second lens barrel Surface
  • the light shielding member is a first lens barrel, wherein the top of the first lens barrel extends toward the first lens to form the annular light shielding portion; in step 5), The first lens barrel is bonded to the second lens barrel by a third glue material, wherein the third glue material is arranged on the top surface of the second lens barrel, and the third glue material surrounds the first lens barrel. The outside of a lens.
  • the shading member is an annular SOMA sheet; in the step 5), the bottom surface of the SOMA sheet is bonded to the first structure area.
  • the shading member includes a ring-shaped support and a SOMA sheet, wherein the SOMA sheet has a ring shape and constitutes the ring-shaped shading part; in the step 5), the ring-shaped support The bottom surface is bonded to the top surface of the second lens barrel, so that the ring-shaped support member surrounds the first lens, and then the SOMA sheet is bonded on the top surface of the ring-shaped support member.
  • a method for manufacturing a camera module which includes: a) manufacturing an optical lens according to any of the optical lens manufacturing methods described above; and b) combining the optical lens and the photosensitive assembly Assemble together to get the camera module.
  • the optical lens and the photosensitive component are bonded together through a second adhesive material.
  • step b) active calibration is performed between the second lens component and the photosensitive assembly, and between the first lens and the second lens component in step 3) The active calibration of is performed simultaneously with the active calibration between the second lens component and the photosensitive component in step b).
  • optical lens and camera module of this application help to reduce the aperture of the screen opening.
  • optical lens and camera module of the present application can reduce the influence of the screen aperture on the angle of view of the lens.
  • the optical lens and camera module of this application can reduce the influence of stray light on the imaging of the camera module.
  • optical lens and camera module of this application can improve the imaging quality of the lens.
  • This application can reduce the size of the lens.
  • This application can reduce the space that the terminal device needs to reserve for the camera module.
  • the ink layer can be sprayed from only one direction (that is, sprayed from the side of the first lens), which reduces the process difficulty, is beneficial to improve production efficiency and production yield, and is particularly suitable for mass production .
  • the distance from the SOMA sheet to the first structure area of the first lens can be minimized, so that the protrusion of the first lens can more fully extend into the light-passing hole of the display screen , which is more helpful to reduce the aperture of the display screen while maintaining the image quality.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical lens 1000 according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 2 shows a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the first lens and its surrounding structure in an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 3 shows a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the first lens and its surrounding structure in another embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the first lens in an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a camera module according to an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 6 shows a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an optical lens in an embodiment of the present application
  • Figure 7a shows a schematic top view of an example of an optical lens with a second lens barrel with a single cut surface
  • Figure 7b shows a schematic top view of an example of an optical lens with a second lens barrel with two cut surfaces
  • Figure 7c shows A schematic top view of an example of an optical lens in which the second lens barrel has four cutting surfaces
  • Figure 8a shows a schematic diagram of an example in which the camera module with a cut surface is placed close to the frame of the mobile phone
  • Figure 8b shows a schematic diagram of another example in which the camera module with a cut surface is placed close to the frame of the mobile phone ;
  • Fig. 9 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an under-screen camera assembly in an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 10 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an under-screen camera assembly in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical lens 1000 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical lens 1000 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 13 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical lens 1000 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 14 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a camera module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 15 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an under-screen camera assembly in an embodiment of the present application
  • Fig. 16 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an under-screen camera assembly in another embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical lens 1000 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical lens 1000 includes a first lens 110 and a second lens component 200.
  • the first lens 110 can be understood as a first lens component.
  • the first lens component is composed of a single first lens 110.
  • the first lens 110 is usually a lens.
  • the first lens 110 has a first surface 112 on the object side and a second surface 117 on the image side.
  • the central area of the first surface 112 protrudes toward the object side to form a protrusion 111, and the protrusion 111
  • the top surface 113 forms an optical zone 113a for imaging.
  • the first surface 112 also has a first structure zone 115 surrounding the protrusion 111.
  • the side surface 114 of the protrusion 111 connects the optical zone 113a and the optical zone 113a.
  • the structure area is a non-optical area, which can also be referred to as an optical invalid area.
  • the second lens component 200 includes a second lens barrel 220 and a plurality of second lenses 210 installed inside the second lens barrel 220, wherein the plurality of second lenses 210 and the first lens 110 Together they form an imageable optical system.
  • the second surface 117 of the first lens 110 is bonded to the top surface of the second lens barrel 220.
  • the second structure area 118 of the second surface 117 of the first lens 110 is bonded to the top surface of the second lens barrel 220.
  • the top surface of the first lens 110 and the second lens barrel 220 are bonded by a first adhesive material 300, and the first adhesive material 300 supports the first lens 110 and the second lens 110 after being cured.
  • the lens component 200 maintains the relative position of the first lens 110 and the second lens component 200 at the relative position determined by the active calibration, wherein the active calibration is based on the actual imaging result of the optical system. The process of adjusting the relative positions of the first lens 110 and the second lens component 200 is described.
  • the capture mechanism (such as the clamping mechanism) can move the first lens in multiple degrees of freedom by clamping the outer side of the first lens, thereby adjusting the relative position of the first lens and the second lens component , And then find out the position that can optimize the actual imaging result of the optical system.
  • the actual imaging result here refers to the actual image received and output by the photosensitive chip placed at the back end of the second lens.
  • the photosensitive chip can be a photosensitive chip specially used for the active calibration process (in this case, the photosensitive chip can be set in the active calibration device), or the photosensitive chip in the photosensitive component to be actually assembled (in this case Next, the photosensitive chip used for active calibration will finally be assembled with the calibrated optical lens to form a camera module).
  • the central axis of the first lens and the second lens component can have an included angle that is not zero, so that the aforementioned manufacturing tolerances and assembly tolerances can be compensated.
  • the optical lens of this embodiment is particularly suitable for an under-screen camera module.
  • the protrusion 111 can extend into the small hole of the display screen (that is, the display screen is a light-through hole reserved for the camera module under the screen) In this way, the light incident surface of the optical lens is closer to the upper surface of the display screen, so that the light collected by the optical lens is less affected by the side wall of the small hole of the display screen. In this way, the optical lens can obtain a larger field of view, so that the aperture of the small hole (the reserved light hole) of the display screen can be reduced while ensuring the amount of light entering the optical lens.
  • the first lens is fixed on the second lens barrel by bonding the bottom surface of the first lens (for example, through the second structure area of the second surface) and the top surface of the second lens barrel
  • This design can expose the first lens to facilitate active calibration.
  • the shape of the first lens is specially designed, especially with the protruding part 111.
  • the molding difficulty of the first lens may be higher than that of the ordinary lens (for example, the second lens). Therefore, the manufacturing tolerance of the first lens may be higher than that of ordinary lenses, and in mass production, the consistency of the optical parameters and performance of the first lens may also be insufficient. If the above factors are not considered, then the actual mass-produced optical lens The actual imaging quality may be lower than expected, leading to a series of problems such as a decline in production yield.
  • the active calibration process can be used to avoid or suppress problems such as manufacturing tolerances or insufficient consistency of the first lens itself, thereby ensuring the imaging quality of actual mass-produced products and improving the production yield.
  • the bonding surface of the first lens and the second lens barrel (which can be understood as the bottom surface of the first lens in contact with the first rubber material) Both the area and the area on the top surface of the second lens barrel that are in contact with the first glue material are set to be flat.
  • the optical lens may encounter a high temperature and high humidity environment or a mechanical impact environment. Setting the bonding surface of the first lens and the second lens barrel to a plane can reduce the effect of the first rubber material variation caused by the above environment on the first lens.
  • the influence of the relative position of a lens and the second lens barrel in the horizontal direction can solve or alleviate the problem of the deterioration of the image quality of the optical lens caused by the variation of the first rubber material.
  • FIG. 2 shows a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the first lens and its surrounding structure in an embodiment of the present application. 1 and 2 in combination, in this embodiment, the side surface 114 of the protruding portion 111 of the first lens 110, the first structure area 115 of the first surface 112, and the outer surface 116 of the first lens 110 All adhere to the ink layer.
  • the second surface 117 has an optical zone for imaging and a second structure zone 118 surrounding the optical zone.
  • the second structure zone 118 of the second surface 117 may also Attach the ink layer.
  • the ink layer attached to the above-mentioned area of the first lens 110 can reduce stray light.
  • the ink layer can also function as a diaphragm to control the amount of light entering the camera module. That is, the diaphragm of the optical lens is arranged on the first surface of the first lens.
  • the ink layer can also be replaced by a light-shielding layer formed of other materials attached to the above-mentioned area of the first lens. For example, an opaque material can be attached by coating to form the light-shielding layer .
  • the second lens 210 has a plurality of and the plurality of second lenses 210 are assembled by the second lens barrel 220 Together. Specifically, the inner surface of the second lens barrel 220 may form multiple steps. When the second lens 210 is assembled, the second lens 210 may be embedded in the multiple steps sequentially from small to large. After the plurality of second lenses 210 are set together, the position of each lens is fixed, thereby forming a stable lens group.
  • the first lens is a single independent lens, but the application is not limited to this.
  • the first lens may be a composite lens formed by interfitting a plurality of sub-lenses. In the active calibration phase, the composite lens can move as a whole and adjust the relative positional relationship with the second lens component.
  • a plurality of second lenses 210 can also be fitted with each other (usually The second structure area of the second lens is interfitted with each other, and the structure area is a non-optical area, or called an optically ineffective area), thereby further improving the stability of the lens group. Further, spacers can be arranged between the plurality of second lenses 210 to improve the stability of the optical lens structure.
  • the first lens can be made of glass material.
  • the first lens since the light incident surface of the first lens is usually aspherical, the first lens may be a molded glass lens.
  • the forming principle of molded glass lenses includes: placing the preform of the glass with the initial shape in a precision processing mold, raising the temperature to soften the glass, and then applying pressure from the surface of the mold core to deform the glass by force and take it out. Form the lens shape we need. Molded glass is manufactured by a molding die.
  • the side wall of the protrusion of the first lens after molding may not be strictly parallel to the optical axis.
  • the first lens can be ground by cold working technology so that the angle between the side wall of the protruding part of the first lens and the optical axis is less than 15°.
  • the maximum diameter of the protrusion that is, the diameter of the root of the protrusion
  • the aperture of the display screen has to be enlarged.
  • FIG. 3 shows a partial enlarged schematic diagram of the first lens and its surrounding structure in another embodiment of the present application.
  • the top surface 113 of the protrusion 111 has an optical zone 113a and a transition zone 113b, the transition zone 113b is located at the edge of the top surface 113, and the transition zone 113b can be attached with an ink layer.
  • the shape of the first lens 110 is special (for example, it has a protrusion 111), and the molding precision at the edge of the lens may be difficult to control during the molding and opening of the molded glass.
  • the transition area 113b there is a transition area 113b between the top 113 of the protrusion 111 of the first lens 110 and the side wall 114, and the transition area 113b can be provided with (that is, attached) a light-shielding material, so that light cannot pass through the Area to reduce the influence of this area on optical imaging.
  • the transition area has a width of about 0.03-0.05 mm from the side wall of the protrusion toward the center position (the width refers to the radial dimension, that is, the dimension in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the optical lens).
  • the width of the transition zone may also have other values, depending on the molding accuracy of the molded glass.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the first lens in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the diameter L1 of the cross section of the protrusion may be 1.0-2.0 mm.
  • the diameter L1 of the cross section of the protrusion may be 1.2-1.6 mm.
  • the above parameter ranges can be applied to the first lens made of glass, but it should be noted that these parameter ranges are not limited to the glass material, and they can also be applied to the first lens made of other materials.
  • the height H1 of the protrusion may be 0.3-1.2 mm.
  • the height H1 of the protrusion may be 0.4-0.8 mm.
  • the height of the protrusion is the height from the first structure area of the first surface to the arc top of the protrusion, and the height is the dimension along the optical axis of the optical lens.
  • the total height H2 of the first lens may be 0.4-1.6 mm.
  • the total height H2 of the first lens may be 0.6-1.2 mm.
  • the total height of the first lens is the height from the second structure area of the second surface to the arc top of the protrusion, and the height is the dimension along the optical axis of the optical lens.
  • the thickness of the structure area of the first lens is equal to the total height of the first lens H2-the height of the protrusion H1.
  • the thinner the thickness of the structure area of the first lens is, the more favorable the protrusion 111 can extend into the light-passing hole of the display screen.
  • the first lens may be easily bent during the clamping and moving process, which may cause the active calibration to fail to achieve the expected effect, and thus the image quality will decrease.
  • the thickness of the structure area is too small, the first lens may be bent when the clamp is clamped. Although this bending may be very small, it is due to the optical system (especially the optical system of the mobile phone camera module) It is very precise and sensitive. Even a very small deformation of the first lens will cause the imaging results obtained by the photosensitive chip to vary, which will cause the active calibration to fail to achieve the expected results.
  • the outer diameter L2 of the first lens may be 3.0-4.0 mm.
  • the outer diameter L2 of the first lens may be 3.2-3.8 mm. If the outer diameter L2 is too small, the area available for arranging the first glue material may become smaller, which affects the stability and reliability of the bonding. If the outer diameter L2 is too large, the first lens is likely to be bent during the clamping and moving process, which may cause the active calibration to fail to achieve the expected effect, and thus the image quality will decrease. Specifically, if the outer diameter L2 of the first lens is too large, when the first lens is clamped by the clamp, the first lens may be bent.
  • the bending may be very small, due to the optical system (especially the mobile phone camera module)
  • the optical system is very precise and sensitive. Even a very small deformation of the first lens will cause the imaging result obtained by the photosensitive chip to vary, which will cause the active calibration to fail to achieve the expected effect.
  • the top of the second lens barrel 220 of the second lens component extends inward (extends toward the center of the optical system) to form a light inlet hole 222.
  • the light inlet 222 is a light inlet through which the light beam enters the second lens component.
  • the portion extending inward from the top of the second lens barrel 220 is referred to as an extension 221.
  • the bottom surface of the extension portion 221 can support the first second lens, so that the assembly of the second lens is more stable.
  • the aperture of the extension 221 of the second lens barrel 220 (that is, the aperture of the light entrance hole 222) is related to the diameter of the imaging beam of the optical lens, and the diameter of the imaging beam is The diameter of the optical zone 113a for imaging on the top surface 113 of the protrusion 111 of the first lens is related. If the aperture of the extension part is too small, it will restrict the passage of the imaging beam, resulting in a reduction in the amount of light received by the photosensitive chip, and if the size is too large, it will result in the MTF value of the optical lens described in this application (or other characterizing the output of the photosensitive chip). The parameter value of the image resolution is reduced, and the problem of stray light will be aggravated.
  • the ratio of the aperture of the extension 221 of the second lens barrel 220 (ie the aperture of the light entrance hole 222 of the second lens barrel 220) to the diameter of the optical zone 113a can be set to 0.80-1.25.
  • the top surface 113 of the protrusion 111 of the first lens further has a transition area 113b.
  • the ratio of the aperture of 221 (that is, the aperture of the light entrance hole 222 of the second lens barrel 220) to the cross-sectional diameter of the protrusion 111 may also be about 0.80-1.25.
  • the diameter of the cross section of the protrusion of the first lens is less than one third of the outer diameter of the second lens barrel.
  • the outer diameter of the second lens barrel refers to the outer diameter of the largest size of the second lens barrel.
  • the largest outside dimension of the second lens barrel is generally located at the bottom of the second lens barrel (that is, the side close to the image side in the optical system).
  • a plurality of second lenses are embedded in the second lens barrel in order from small to large, and the lens with the largest size is usually located at the bottom end. Therefore, the largest outside size of the second lens barrel is generally located at the bottom of the second lens barrel.
  • the largest outer dimension of the second lens barrel may also be located in other positions.
  • the outer diameter of the second lens barrel (that is, the outer diameter of the second lens barrel where the outer dimension is the largest) is not less than 4 mm.
  • the refractive index of the manufacturing material of the first lens is 1.48-1.55.
  • the Abbe number of the first lens may be 50.0-70.1.
  • the first lens usually adopts an aspheric surface.
  • the first lens is usually made of glass material, the first lens is usually made by a glass molding process. Since molded glass requires the use of a mold to press the glass for processing, usually the biconcave lens produced by the molded glass will cause greater damage to the mold. Therefore, the first surface (ie, the object side) of the first lens is preferably convex.
  • the first lens has a relatively thick thickness relative to the lateral dimension.
  • the refractive index of the lens molding material is preferably 1.48-1.55, and the Abbe number of the first lens is preferably 50.0-70.1. Can better control the imaging quality of the split lens.
  • the field of view (ie FOV) of the optical lens is greater than 60°.
  • the optical lens of the present application has a first lens, and the first lens has a protrusion that can extend into the light-passing hole (referring to the light-passing hole of the display screen) with a smaller aperture, so the optical lens
  • the light incident surface (the optical zone of the first surface of the first lens) can be closer to the upper surface of the display screen, so that the field angle of the optical lens is relatively less affected by the diameter of the small hole of the display screen. Therefore, in this embodiment, the field of view (ie FOV) of the optical lens may be greater than 60°. Preferably, the field angle of the optical lens may be greater than 75°.
  • the thickness of the ink layer of the first lens is greater than 5 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the ink layer of the first lens may be 15-30 ⁇ m.
  • the side surface of the protrusion, the first structure area of the first surface, the outer surface of the first lens, and the first lens is subjected to surface roughening treatment.
  • the surface roughening treatment can be achieved by grinding, for example. Roughening the above-mentioned area of the first lens can not only reduce the influence of stray light on the imaging of the lens, but also improve the bonding strength of the ink layer and the lens, so that the ink is not easy to fall off during the use of the lens and reduces the effect of dirt.
  • the surface roughened area may also be the side surface of the protrusion, the first structure area of the first surface, the outer surface of the first lens, and the second surface One, two or three items in the second structural region.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a camera module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • a camera module is provided.
  • the camera module includes an optical lens 1000 and a photosensitive component 2000.
  • the optical lens 1000 is mounted on the photosensitive assembly 2000. Specifically, the optical lens 1000 can be bonded to the photosensitive component 2000 through the second adhesive material 400.
  • the optical lens may be an optical lens as shown in FIG. 1, and its specific structure will not be repeated here.
  • the photosensitive component 2000 may include a photosensitive chip 2001, a circuit board 2002, a color filter 2003, a lens holder 2004, and an electronic component 2005.
  • the photosensitive chip 2001 is pasted on the upper surface of the circuit board 2002.
  • the lens holder 2004 is installed on the upper surface of the circuit board 2002 and surrounds the photosensitive chip 2001.
  • the top surface of the lens holder can be used as the mounting surface of the optical lens 1000.
  • the color filter 2003 is installed in the lens holder 2004.
  • Electronic components 2005 can also be mounted on the upper surface of the circuit board.
  • the photosensitive chip 2001 and the circuit board 2002 may be electrically connected through a wire bonding (wire bonding, also referred to as "wire bonding") process.
  • the connecting wires can be gold wires or other metal wires with good conductivity.
  • the total optical length (TTL) of the camera module may be 3.4-4.4 mm.
  • FIG. 6 shows a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an optical lens 1000 in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical lens 1000 includes a first lens 110 and a second lens component.
  • the second lens component includes a second lens barrel 220 and a plurality of second lenses installed in the second lens barrel 220 (the second lens is blocked in FIG. 6).
  • the first lens 110 is bonded to the top surface of the second lens barrel 220.
  • the outer surface 223 of the second lens barrel 220 has a cutting surface 224.
  • FIG. 7a shows a schematic top view of an example of an optical lens with a second lens barrel having a single cutting surface
  • FIG. 7b shows a schematic top view of an example of an optical lens with a second lens barrel having two cutting surfaces
  • 7c shows a schematic top view of an example of an optical lens in which the second lens barrel has four cutting surfaces.
  • the shaded area indicates the cut area.
  • FIG. 8a shows a schematic diagram of an example in which a camera module with a cut surface is placed close to the frame of a mobile phone
  • FIG. 8b shows another example of a camera module with a cut surface that is placed close to the frame of the mobile phone.
  • Schematic of the example It can be seen that cutting the side surface of the second lens barrel helps to set the camera module closer to the frame of the mobile phone.
  • the optical lens 1000 of the front camera module may have a cut surface, and the cut surface may be arranged close to the top frame 10 of the terminal device (for example, a mobile phone).
  • the terminal device for example, a mobile phone
  • the optical lens 1000 of the front camera module may have four cutting surfaces, where the cutting surfaces on the top and right sides can be respectively arranged close to the top frame 10a and the right frame 10b of the terminal device (such as a mobile phone).
  • the x and y coordinate axes respectively represent the two coordinate axes of the rectangular coordinate system on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the camera module (that is, the plane where the display screen is located).
  • the outer side surface of the first lens may also include a cutting surface, and the cutting surface may be one or more.
  • the cutting method can refer to Figure 7a, 7b, 7c.
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the under-screen camera assembly in an embodiment of the present application.
  • an under-screen camera assembly is also provided, which includes: a display screen 3000 and a camera module (note that only the optical lens is shown in FIG. Photosensitive component).
  • the display screen 3000 has a light-passing hole 3002.
  • the display screen 3000 has a front side and a back side, where the front side is the side that displays images, and the back side is the opposite side.
  • the display screen 3000 has a light-through hole 3002 for external light to enter the camera module located under the screen.
  • the light through hole 3002 may be a through hole or a blind hole.
  • the front surface of the display screen 3000 can be covered with a transparent cover plate 3001, and the cover plate 3001 may not be penetrated at the light-passing hole 3002 (as shown in FIG. 9).
  • the cover plate 3001 When the cover plate 3001 is not penetrated, that is, when the cover plate 3001 is complete, it can play a better dust-proof and protective effect.
  • the cover plate at the light-passing hole 3002 can also be punched through.
  • the optical lens of the camera module may be an optical lens 1000 as shown in FIG. 1, the optical lens has a first lens 110, and the first lens 110 has a protrusion 111. In this embodiment, the protrusion 111 extends into the light through hole 3002.
  • the display screen 3000 may further include a substrate 3003, which is located on the back of the display screen 3000, because the substrate 3003 may also be called a backplane.
  • the first structure area on the first surface (ie, the upper surface) of the first lens 110 of the camera module may be located below the bottom surface of the substrate 3003.
  • a small gap may be left between the first structure area on the first surface and the bottom surface of the substrate.
  • the solution of this embodiment can enable the optical lens to obtain a larger field of view (the field of view is represented by a dashed line in Figure 9), and helps to reduce the aperture of the display light hole on the premise of ensuring the amount of light entering the optical lens, thereby Improve the visual effect and user experience of the display.
  • the gap between the protrusion 111 and the display screen cover 3001 may be 0.01-0.5 mm.
  • the gap between the protrusion 111 and the display screen cover 3001 can be understood as the gap between the arc top of the top surface of the protrusion 111 and the display cover 3001.
  • the non-optical area of the first lens can also be provided with a light-shielding layer.
  • Fig. 10 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an under-screen camera assembly in another embodiment of the present application.
  • the substrate 3001 (or backplane) of the display screen 3000 may have an opening 3004, and the diameter of the opening 3004 is larger than the outer diameter of the first lens 110
  • the diameter of the side surface (refer to Figure 1 and the description of the corresponding embodiment for the meaning of the outer side surface).
  • the opening 3004 of the substrate 3003 may also be referred to as a mounting hole.
  • the first structure area of the first surface (ie, the upper surface) of the first lens 110 may be located in the opening 3004.
  • the protrusion 111 can more fully extend into the light hole 3002 of the display screen 3000, so that the light incident surface of the optical lens is closer to the upper surface of the display screen (or closer to the cover) .
  • the optical lens can obtain a larger field of view (the field of view in Figure 10 is indicated by a dotted line), and it helps to reduce the aperture of the light hole of the display under the premise of ensuring the amount of light entering the optical lens, thereby improving the display Visual effects and user experience.
  • the gap between the protrusion and the display screen cover may be 0.01-0.5 mm.
  • the gap between the protrusion 111 and the display screen cover 3001 can be understood as the gap between the arc top of the top surface of the protrusion 111 and the display cover 3001.
  • the non-optical area of the first lens can also be provided with a light-shielding layer.
  • the display screen may be an OLED display screen or an LCD display screen.
  • an optical lens which includes the following steps S1-S4.
  • Step S1 preparing a first lens and a second lens component separated from each other.
  • the first lens 110 has a first surface 112 on the object side and a second surface 117 on the image side, wherein the central area of the first surface 112 protrudes toward the object side to form a protrusion 111, the The top surface 113 of the protrusion 111 forms an optical zone 113a for imaging, the first surface 112 also has a first structure area 115 surrounding the protrusion 111, and the side 114 of the protrusion 111 is connected to the optical zone. 113a and the first structure area 115.
  • the second lens component 200 includes a second lens barrel 220 and a plurality of second lenses 210 mounted inside the second lens barrel 220, wherein the plurality of second lenses 210 and the first lens 110 together form an imageable Optical system.
  • Step S2 pre-positioning the first lens 110 and the second lens component 200.
  • the first lens 110, the second lens component 200, and the photosensitive component (which can be a photosensitive component to be assembled, or a photosensitive component or a photosensitive chip equipped with an active calibration device) are arranged along the optical axis, so that the first The optical system composed of the lens 110 and the second lens component 200 can image.
  • the first lens 110 and the second lens component 200 can be regarded as a split lens.
  • the second lens component 200 may be placed on a stage, the stage may have a light through hole, and the photosensitive component may be placed under the light through hole of the stage.
  • the first lens 110 can be clamped and moved by a six-axis movable clamp. The six axes will be explained in detail in step S3.
  • the clamp can clamp the outer surface of the first lens to capture and move the first lens 110. In another embodiment, the clamp may capture and move the first lens 110 by clamping the side of the protrusion.
  • Step S3 perform active calibration.
  • the photosensitive component is energized to obtain the image formed by the split lens, and the imaging quality of the split lens and its adjustment amount are calculated through image algorithms such as SFR, MTF, etc., according to the adjustment amount in at least one of the six-axis directions
  • the relative position between the first lens component (the first lens component is the first lens 110 in this embodiment) and the second lens component is actively adjusted in real time.
  • the imaging quality of the split lens mainly including peak, field curvature, astigmatism and other optical parameters
  • the six-axis directions can be x, y, z, u, v, w directions, where the x, y, and z directions are horizontal and vertical directions, that is, the directions of the three coordinate axes in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, u, v,
  • the w direction is the direction of rotation around the x, y, and z axes, respectively.
  • step S4 the first lens 110 and the second lens component 200 are finally bonded by the first adhesive material 300.
  • the first lens 300 and the second lens component 200 can be maintained at the relative position determined by the active calibration.
  • the placement of the first adhesive material can be performed before the predetermined position (ie step S2), or after the active calibration (ie step S3) is completed.
  • step S3 first remove the first lens part, and then arrange the second adhesive material on the second lens part (the top surface of the second lens barrel), Then step S4 is executed to cure the first glue material.
  • the first adhesive material is suitable for curing by at least one of visible light, ultraviolet light, baking and the like.
  • the first lens is made by a glass molding process, and the protrusion is processed by a removal process such as cutting or polishing, so that the side surface of the protrusion is The included angle between the optical axes of the optical lens is less than 15°.
  • a method for manufacturing a camera module which includes step a and step b.
  • Step a Fabricate an optical lens according to the optical lens fabrication method (steps S1-S4) in the foregoing embodiment.
  • Step b assembling the optical lens and the photosensitive component together to obtain a camera module.
  • the optical lens and the photosensitive component are bonded together through a second adhesive material.
  • the optical lens may be assembled first, and then the optical lens and the photosensitive component may be assembled.
  • the process of assembling the optical lens and photosensitive component can be a traditional active calibration process (AA process refers to the active calibration process without adjusting the optical system itself, that is, by adjusting the relative position between the optical lens and the photosensitive component The components are glued and fixed), or the traditional bracket attaching process (HA process, that is, the lens is directly attached to the photosensitive component by means of mechanical positioning such as visual recognition).
  • active calibration may be performed between the second lens component and the photosensitive component. Furthermore, the active calibration between the first lens and the second lens component in step S3 and the active calibration between the second lens component and the photosensitive component in step b can be Simultaneous execution. Then respectively glue the first lens and the second lens component (which can be bonded by the first glue) and the second lens component and the photosensitive assembly (which can be glued by the second glue), So as to form a complete camera module.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical lens 1000 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the optical lens 1000 includes a first lens 110, a second lens component 200 and a SOMA sheet 121.
  • the first lens 110 can be understood as a first lens component.
  • the first lens component is composed of a single first lens 110.
  • the first lens 110 is usually a lens.
  • the first lens 110 has a first surface 112 on the object side and a second surface 117 on the image side. The central area of the first surface 112 protrudes toward the object side to form a protrusion 111, and the protrusion 111
  • the top surface 113 forms an optical zone 113a for imaging.
  • the first surface 112 also has a first structure zone 115 surrounding the protrusion 111.
  • the side surface 114 of the protrusion 111 connects the optical zone 113a and the optical zone 113a.
  • the structure area is a non-optical area, or may be referred to as an optically invalid area.
  • the second lens component 200 includes a second lens barrel 220 and a plurality of second lenses 210 installed inside the second lens barrel 220, wherein the plurality of second lenses 210 and the first lens 110 Together they form an imageable optical system.
  • the second surface 117 of the first lens 110 is bonded to the top surface of the second lens barrel 220.
  • the second structure area 118 of the second surface 117 of the first lens 110 is bonded to the top surface of the second lens barrel 220.
  • the top surface of the first lens 110 and the second lens barrel 220 are bonded by a first adhesive material 300, and the first adhesive material 300 supports the first lens 110 and the second lens 110 after being cured.
  • the lens component 200 maintains the relative position of the first lens 110 and the second lens component 200 at the relative position determined by the active calibration, wherein the active calibration is based on the actual imaging result of the optical system. The process of adjusting the relative positions of the first lens 110 and the second lens component 200 is described.
  • the capture mechanism (such as the clamping mechanism) can move the first lens in multiple degrees of freedom by clamping the outer side of the first lens, thereby adjusting the relative position of the first lens and the second lens component , And then find out the position that can optimize the actual imaging result of the optical system.
  • the actual imaging result here refers to the actual image received and output by the photosensitive chip placed at the back end of the second lens.
  • the photosensitive chip can be a photosensitive chip specially used for the active calibration process (in this case, the photosensitive chip can be set in the active calibration device), or the photosensitive chip in the photosensitive component to be actually assembled (in this case Next, the photosensitive chip used for active calibration will finally be assembled with the calibrated optical lens to form a camera module).
  • the central axis of the first lens and the second lens component can have an included angle that is not zero, so that the aforementioned manufacturing tolerances and assembly tolerances can be compensated.
  • the optical lens of this embodiment is particularly suitable for an under-screen camera module.
  • the protrusion 111 can extend into the small hole of the display screen (that is, the display screen is a light-through hole reserved for the camera module under the screen) In this way, the light incident surface of the optical lens is closer to the upper surface of the display screen, so that the light collected by the optical lens is less affected by the side wall of the small hole of the display screen. In this way, the optical lens can obtain a larger field of view, so that the aperture of the small hole (the reserved light hole) of the display screen can be reduced while ensuring the amount of light entering the optical lens.
  • the first lens is fixed on the second lens barrel by bonding the bottom surface of the first lens (for example, through the second structure area of the second surface) and the top surface of the second lens barrel
  • This design can expose the first lens to facilitate active calibration.
  • the shape of the first lens is specially designed, especially with the protruding part 111.
  • the molding difficulty of the first lens may be higher than that of the ordinary lens (for example, the second lens). Therefore, the manufacturing tolerance of the first lens may be higher than that of ordinary lenses, and in mass production, the consistency of the optical parameters and performance of the first lens may also be insufficient. If the above factors are not considered, then the actual mass-produced optical lens The actual imaging quality may be lower than expected, leading to a series of problems such as a decline in production yield.
  • the active calibration process can be used to avoid or suppress problems such as manufacturing tolerances or insufficient consistency of the first lens itself, thereby ensuring the imaging quality of actual mass-produced products and improving the production yield.
  • the SOMA sheet 121 is bonded to the first structure region 115, so that the SOMA sheet 121 can form a light shielding portion, thereby preventing or inhibiting stray light from entering the optical system of the optical lens.
  • SOMA sheet is SOMA shading sheet, sometimes called Mylar sheet, it is a kind of shading sheet made of SOMA shading material, and the shape is usually black thermoplastic with high shading performance with a thickness of tens to hundreds of microns. Film (in the prior art, SOMA sheets are usually used in lens assembly, specifically, SOMA sheets are usually cushioned between the structural regions of adjacent lenses in the lens barrel).
  • FIG. 12 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical lens 1000 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the SOMA sheet 121 is replaced by the first lens barrel 120.
  • the bottom surface of the first lens barrel 120 is bonded to the top surface of the second lens barrel 220, and the top of the first lens barrel 120 extends toward the first lens 110 to form a shading portion.
  • the light shielding part has a ring shape and surrounds the protruding part 111.
  • no glue may be provided between the annular light shielding portion and the first structure region 115.
  • the ring-shaped shading portion may directly contact the first structure region 115.
  • the first lens barrel 120 can play a role in shielding light and can also play a role in protecting the first lens. It should be noted that in the present application, the bonding method of the first lens barrel 120 is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment. For example, in another embodiment, the bottom surface of the first lens barrel 120 may also be bonded to the top surface of the first lens 120 , Thereby fixing the first lens barrel to the optical lens 1000.
  • FIG. 13 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical lens 1000 according to another embodiment of the present application.
  • the SOMA sheet 121 is replaced by a composite light-shielding member.
  • the composite shading member includes an annular support 122 and a SOMA sheet 121.
  • the annular support 122 surrounds the first lens 110.
  • the bottom surface of the annular support 122 is bonded to the top of the second lens barrel 220.
  • the top surface of the annular support 122 is bonded to the SOMA sheet 121, the SOMA sheet 121 has a ring shape, and the SOMA sheet 121 constitutes an annular light shielding portion that shields the first structure region 115.
  • no glue is provided between the SOMA sheet 121 and the first structure area.
  • the SOMA sheet 121 can be closer to the first structure area (if the SOMA sheet 121 is pasted on the first structure area 115, then a certain thickness of glue is required between the SOMA sheet 121 and the first structure area 115, resulting in SOMA
  • the sheet 121 cannot be as close as possible to the first structure area 115), so that the protrusion 111 of the first lens 110 can more fully extend into the light-passing hole of the display screen, which is more helpful to maintain the image quality Reduce the aperture of the light hole of the display.
  • the annular support 122 can play a role in shielding light and can also play a role in protecting the first lens.
  • the bonding surface of the first lens and the second lens barrel can be understood as the first lens
  • the area of the bottom surface contacting the first rubber material and the area of the top surface of the second lens barrel contacting the first rubber material are both set as flat surfaces.
  • the optical lens may encounter a high temperature and high humidity environment or a mechanical impact environment. Setting the bonding surface of the first lens and the second lens barrel to a plane can reduce the effect of the first rubber material variation caused by the above environment on the first lens.
  • the influence of the relative position of a lens and the second lens barrel in the horizontal direction can solve or alleviate the problem of the deterioration of the image quality of the optical lens caused by the variation of the first rubber material.
  • an ink layer is attached to the side surface 114 of the protrusion 111 of the first lens 110 and/or the outer side 116 of the first lens 110.
  • the independent light shielding member is not shown in FIG. 3.
  • the independent shading member refers to the SOMA sheet 121 shown in FIG. 11, or the first lens barrel 120 shown in FIG. 12, or the composite shading member shown in FIG.
  • the ink layer can be used in conjunction with the shading member to improve the effect of reducing stray light.
  • the ink layer can also be replaced by a light-shielding layer formed of other materials attached to the above-mentioned area of the first lens, for example, a light-shielding layer can be formed by attaching an opaque material by coating.
  • the ink layer is used in conjunction with an independent light-shielding member, so that only the side surface 114 of the protruding portion 111 of the first lens 110, or the outer side 116 of the first lens 110, or The side surface 114 of the protruding portion 111 of the first lens 110 and the outer side 116 of the first lens 110 are attached with an ink layer.
  • the ink layer Regardless of the above-mentioned arrangement of the ink layer, it only needs to be sprayed from one direction (that is, from the first The side surface of the lens is sprayed with the ink layer, thereby reducing the process difficulty, which is beneficial to improve production efficiency and production yield, and is particularly suitable for large-scale mass production.
  • the second lens 210 has multiple and multiple second lenses 210 pass through
  • the second lens barrel 220 is assembled together.
  • the inner surface of the second lens barrel 220 may form multiple steps.
  • the second lens 210 may be embedded in the multiple steps sequentially from small to large. After the plurality of second lenses 210 are set together, the position of each lens is fixed, thereby forming a stable lens group.
  • the first lens is a single independent lens, but the application is not limited to this.
  • the first lens may be a composite lens formed by interfitting a plurality of sub-lenses. In the active calibration phase, the composite lens can move as a whole and adjust the relative positional relationship with the second lens component.
  • a plurality of second lenses 210 can also be fitted with each other (usually The second structure area of the second lens is interfitted with each other, and the structure area is a non-optical area, or called an optically ineffective area), thereby further improving the stability of the lens group. Further, spacers can be arranged between the plurality of second lenses 210 to improve the stability of the optical lens structure.
  • the first lens can be made of glass material.
  • the first lens since the light incident surface of the first lens is usually aspherical, the first lens may be a molded glass lens.
  • the forming principle of molded glass lenses includes: placing the preform of the glass with the initial shape in a precision processing mold, raising the temperature to soften the glass, and then applying pressure from the surface of the mold core to deform the glass by force and take it out. Form the lens shape we need. Molded glass is manufactured by a molding die.
  • the side wall of the protrusion of the first lens after molding may not be strictly parallel to the optical axis.
  • the first lens can be ground by cold working technology so that the angle between the side wall of the protruding part of the first lens and the optical axis is less than 15°.
  • the maximum diameter of the protrusion that is, the diameter of the root of the protrusion
  • the aperture of the display screen has to be enlarged.
  • the top surface 113 of the protrusion 111 has an optical zone 113a and a transition zone 113b, and the transition zone 113b is located at the edge of the top surface 113, so The transition area 113b can be attached with an ink layer.
  • the shape of the first lens 110 is special (for example, it has a protrusion 111), and the molding precision at the edge of the lens may be difficult to control during the molding and opening of the molded glass.
  • the transition area 113b there is a transition area 113b between the top 113 of the protrusion 111 of the first lens 110 and the side wall 114, and the transition area 113b can be provided with (that is, attached) a light-shielding material, so that light cannot pass through the Area to reduce the influence of this area on optical imaging.
  • the transition area has a width of about 0.03-0.05 mm from the side wall of the protrusion toward the center position (the width refers to the radial dimension, that is, the dimension in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis of the optical lens).
  • the width of the transition zone may also have other values, depending on the molding accuracy of the molded glass.
  • the diameter L1 of the cross section of the protrusion may be 1.0-2.0 mm.
  • the diameter L1 of the cross section of the protrusion may be 1.2-1.6 mm.
  • the height H1 of the protrusion may be 0.3-1.2 mm.
  • the height H1 of the protrusion may be 0.4-0.8 mm.
  • the height of the protrusion is the height from the first structure area of the first surface to the arc top of the protrusion, and the height is the dimension along the optical axis of the optical lens.
  • the total height H2 of the first lens may be 0.4-1.6 mm.
  • the total height H2 of the first lens may be 0.6-1.2 mm.
  • the total height of the first lens is the height from the second structure area of the second surface to the arc top of the protrusion, and the height is the dimension along the optical axis of the optical lens.
  • the thickness of the structure area of the first lens is equal to the total height of the first lens H2-the height of the protrusion H1.
  • the thinner the thickness of the structure area of the first lens is, the more favorable the protrusion 111 can extend into the light-passing hole of the display screen.
  • the first lens if the thickness of the structure area is too small, the first lens is prone to bend during clamping and moving, which may cause the active calibration to fail to achieve the expected effect, and thus the image quality will decrease.
  • the thickness of the structure area is too small, the first lens may be bent when the clamp is clamped. Although this bending may be very small, it is due to the optical system (especially the optical system of the mobile phone camera module) It is very precise and sensitive. Even a very small deformation of the first lens will cause the imaging results obtained by the photosensitive chip to vary, which will cause the active calibration to fail to achieve the expected results.
  • the outer diameter L2 of the first lens may be 3.0-4.0 mm.
  • the outer diameter L2 of the first lens may be 3.2-3.8 mm. If the outer diameter L2 is too small, the area available for arranging the first glue material may become smaller, which affects the stability and reliability of the bonding. If the outer diameter L2 is too large, the first lens is likely to be bent during the clamping and moving process, which may cause the active calibration to fail to achieve the expected effect, and thus the image quality will decrease. Specifically, if the outer diameter L2 of the first lens is too large, when the first lens is clamped by the clamp, the first lens may be bent.
  • the bending may be very small, due to the optical system (especially the mobile phone camera module)
  • the optical system is very precise and sensitive. Even a very small deformation of the first lens will cause the imaging result obtained by the photosensitive chip to vary, which will cause the active calibration to fail to achieve the expected effect.
  • the above parameter ranges can be applied to the first lens made of glass, but it should be noted that these parameter ranges are not limited to the glass material, and they can also be applied to the first lens made of other materials.
  • the top of the second lens barrel 220 of the second lens component extends inward (extends toward the center of the optical system) to form a light inlet hole 222.
  • the light inlet 222 is a light inlet through which the light beam enters the second lens component.
  • the portion extending inward from the top of the second lens barrel 220 is referred to as an extension 221.
  • the bottom surface of the extension portion 221 can support the first second lens, so that the assembly of the second lens is more stable.
  • the aperture of the extension 221 of the second lens barrel 220 (that is, the aperture of the light entrance hole 222) is related to the diameter of the imaging beam of the optical lens, and the diameter of the imaging beam is The diameter of the optical zone 113a for imaging on the top surface 113 of the protrusion 111 of the first lens is related. If the aperture of the extension part is too small, it will restrict the passage of the imaging beam, resulting in a reduction in the amount of light received by the photosensitive chip, and if the size is too large, it will result in the MTF value of the optical lens described in this application (or other characterizing the output of the photosensitive chip). The parameter value of the image resolution is reduced, and the problem of stray light will be aggravated.
  • the ratio of the aperture of the extension 221 of the second lens barrel 220 (ie the aperture of the light entrance hole 222 of the second lens barrel 220) to the diameter of the optical zone 113a can be set to 0.80-1.25.
  • the top surface 113 of the protrusion 111 of the first lens further has a transition area 113b.
  • the ratio of the aperture of 221 (that is, the aperture of the light entrance hole 222 of the second lens barrel 220) to the cross-sectional diameter of the protrusion 111 may also be about 0.80-1.25.
  • the ratio of the aperture of the light entrance hole 222 of the second lens barrel 220 to the cross-sectional diameter of the protrusion 111 is also preferably about 0.80-1.25.
  • the diameter of the cross section of the protrusion of the first lens is less than one third of the outer diameter of the second lens barrel.
  • the outer diameter of the second lens barrel refers to the outer diameter of the largest size of the second lens barrel.
  • the largest outside dimension of the second lens barrel is generally located at the bottom of the second lens barrel (that is, the side close to the image side in the optical system).
  • a plurality of second lenses are embedded in the second lens barrel in order from small to large, and the lens with the largest size is usually located at the bottom end. Therefore, the largest outside size of the second lens barrel is generally located at the bottom of the second lens barrel.
  • the largest outer dimension of the second lens barrel may also be located in other positions.
  • the outer diameter of the second lens barrel (that is, the outer diameter of the second lens barrel where the outer dimension is the largest) is not less than 4 mm.
  • the refractive index of the manufacturing material of the first lens is 1.48-1.55.
  • the Abbe number of the first lens may be 50.0-70.1.
  • the first lens usually adopts an aspheric surface.
  • the first lens is usually made of glass material, the first lens is usually made by a glass molding process. Since molded glass requires the use of a mold to press the glass for processing, usually the biconcave lens produced by the molded glass will cause greater damage to the mold. Therefore, the first surface (ie, the object side) of the first lens is preferably convex.
  • the first lens has a relatively thick thickness relative to the lateral dimension.
  • the refractive index of the lens molding material is preferably 1.48-1.55, and the Abbe number of the first lens is preferably 50.0-70.1. Can better control the imaging quality of the split lens.
  • the field of view (ie FOV) of the optical lens is greater than 60°.
  • the optical lens of the present application has a first lens, and the first lens has a protrusion that can extend into the light-passing hole (referring to the light-passing hole of the display screen) with a smaller aperture, so the optical lens
  • the light incident surface (the optical zone of the first surface of the first lens) can be closer to the upper surface of the display screen, so that the field angle of the optical lens is relatively less affected by the diameter of the small hole of the display screen. Therefore, in this embodiment, the field of view (ie FOV) of the optical lens may be greater than 60°. Preferably, the field angle of the optical lens may be greater than 75°.
  • the thickness of the ink layer of the first lens is greater than 5 ⁇ m.
  • the thickness of the ink layer of the first lens may be 15-30 ⁇ m.
  • the side surface of the protrusion, the first structure area of the first surface, the outer surface of the first lens, and the first lens is subjected to surface roughening treatment.
  • the surface roughening treatment can be achieved by grinding, for example. Roughening the above-mentioned area of the first lens can not only reduce the influence of stray light on the imaging of the lens, but also improve the bonding strength of the ink layer and the lens, so that the ink is not easy to fall off during the use of the lens and reduces the effect of dirt. The impact of lens imaging.
  • the roughening treatment can also make the surface of the first lens easier to adhere to other components.
  • the surface roughened area may also be the side surface of the protrusion, the first structure area of the first surface, the outer surface of the first lens, and the second surface One, two or three items in the second structural region.
  • FIG. 14 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a camera module according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • a camera module is provided.
  • the camera module includes an optical lens 1000 and a photosensitive component 2000.
  • the optical lens 1000 is mounted on the photosensitive assembly 2000.
  • the optical lens 1000 can be bonded to the photosensitive component 2000 through the second adhesive material 400.
  • the optical lens may be an optical lens as shown in FIG. 11, and its specific structure will not be repeated here (note that FIG. 14 shows a glue material for bonding the SOMA sheet 121 and the first lens 110).
  • the photosensitive component 2000 may include a photosensitive chip 2001, a circuit board 2002, a color filter 2003, a lens holder 2004, and an electronic component 2005.
  • the photosensitive chip 2001 is pasted on the upper surface of the circuit board 2002.
  • the lens holder 2004 is installed on the upper surface of the circuit board 2002 and surrounds the photosensitive chip 2001.
  • the top surface of the lens holder can be used as the mounting surface of the optical lens 1000.
  • the color filter 2003 is installed in the lens holder 2004.
  • Electronic components 2005 can also be mounted on the upper surface of the circuit board.
  • the photosensitive chip 2001 and the circuit board 2002 may be electrically connected through a wire bonding (wire bonding, also referred to as "wire bonding") process.
  • the connecting wires can be gold wires or other metal wires with good conductivity.
  • the total optical length (TTL) of the camera module may be 3.4-4.4 mm.
  • the side surface of the second lens barrel may have a cut surface.
  • the optical lens 1000 includes a first lens 110 and a second lens component.
  • the second lens component includes a second lens barrel 220 and a plurality of second lenses installed in the second lens barrel 220 (the second lens is blocked in FIG. 6).
  • the first lens 110 is bonded to the top surface of the second lens barrel 220.
  • the side surface 223 of the second lens barrel 220 has a cutting surface 224. This cut surface 224 can enable the front camera module to be arranged closer to the frame of the housing of the electronic device (such as a mobile phone).
  • FIG. 7a shows a schematic top view of an example of an optical lens with a second lens barrel having a single cutting surface
  • FIG. 7b shows a schematic top view of an example of an optical lens with a second lens barrel having two cutting surfaces
  • 7c shows a schematic top view of an example of an optical lens in which the second lens barrel has four cutting surfaces.
  • the shaded area indicates the cut area.
  • FIG. 8a shows a schematic diagram of an example in which a camera module with a cut surface is placed close to the frame of a mobile phone
  • FIG. 8a shows a schematic diagram of an example in which a camera module with a cut surface is placed close to the frame of a mobile phone
  • the optical lens 1000 of the front camera module may have a cut surface, and the cut surface may be arranged close to the top frame 10 of the terminal device (for example, a mobile phone).
  • the optical lens 1000 of the front camera module may have four cutting surfaces, where the cutting surfaces on the top and right sides can be respectively arranged close to the top frame 10a and the right frame 10b of the terminal device (such as a mobile phone).
  • the x and y coordinate axes respectively represent the two coordinate axes of the rectangular coordinate system on a plane perpendicular to the optical axis of the camera module (that is, the plane where the display screen is located).
  • the outer side surface of the first lens may also include a cutting surface, and the cutting surface may be one or more.
  • the cutting method can refer to Figure 7a, 7b, 7c.
  • FIG. 15 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an under-screen camera assembly in an embodiment of the present application.
  • an under-screen camera assembly which includes: a display screen 3000 and a camera module (note that only the optical lens is shown in FIG. Photosensitive component).
  • the display screen 3000 has a light-passing hole 3002.
  • the display screen 3000 has a front side and a back side, where the front side is the side that displays images, and the back side is the opposite side.
  • the display screen 3000 has a light-through hole 3002 for external light to enter the camera module located under the screen.
  • the light through hole 3002 may be a through hole or a blind hole.
  • the front of the display screen 3000 can be covered with a transparent cover plate 3001, and the cover plate 3001 may not be penetrated at the light-passing hole 3002 (as shown in FIG. 15).
  • the cover plate 3001 When the cover plate 3001 is not penetrated, that is, when the cover plate 3001 is complete, it can play a better dust-proof and protective effect.
  • the cover plate at the light-passing hole 3002 can also be punched through.
  • the optical lens of the camera module may be an optical lens 1000 as shown in FIG. 11, the optical lens has a first lens 110, and the first lens 110 has a protrusion 111. In this embodiment, the protrusion 111 extends into the light through hole 3002.
  • the display screen 3000 may further include a substrate 3003, which is located on the back of the display screen 3000, because the substrate 3003 may also be called a backplane.
  • the shading member of the camera module may be located under the substrate 3003.
  • the top surface of the light shielding member may be located below the bottom surface of the substrate 3003.
  • a small gap may be left between the top surface of the light shielding member and the bottom surface of the substrate 3003.
  • the optical lens can obtain a larger field of view, and it is helpful to reduce the aperture of the display light hole under the premise of ensuring the light input of the optical lens, thereby improving the visual effect and user experience of the display.
  • the gap between the protrusion 111 and the display screen cover 3001 (or called the cover layer) may be 0.01-0.5 mm.
  • the gap between the protrusion 111 and the display screen cover 3001 can be understood as the gap between the arc top of the top surface of the protrusion 111 and the display cover 3001.
  • the non-optical area of the first lens can also be provided with a light-shielding layer.
  • a gap can be reserved between the top surface of the light shielding member and the bottom surface of the substrate 3003. This design can prevent the camera module (or optical lens) from colliding with the display screen.
  • the SOMA sheet as the shading member can also be replaced by the shading member in the embodiment shown in FIG. 12 or 13.
  • Fig. 16 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an under-screen camera assembly in another embodiment of the present application.
  • the substrate 3001 (or back plate) of the display screen 3000 may have an opening 3004, and the diameter of the opening 3004 is larger than the outer diameter of the first lens 110
  • the diameter of the side surface (refer to FIG. 11 and the description of the corresponding embodiment for the meaning of the outer side surface).
  • the opening 3004 of the substrate 3003 may also be referred to as a mounting hole.
  • the shading member (the shading member in this embodiment is a SOMA sheet pasted on the first structure area) and the first structure area of the first lens 110 may be located in the opening 3004.
  • the light shielding member and at least a part of the outer surface of the first lens 110 are placed in the opening 3004 (ie, the mounting hole) of the substrate 3003.
  • the protrusion 111 can more fully extend into the light hole 3002 of the display screen 3000, so that the light incident surface of the optical lens is closer to the upper surface of the display screen (or closer to the cover) .
  • the optical lens can obtain a larger field of view, and it is helpful to reduce the aperture of the display light hole under the premise of ensuring the light input of the optical lens, thereby improving the visual effect and user experience of the display.
  • the gap between the protrusion and the display screen cover may be 0.01-0.5 mm.
  • the gap between the protrusion 111 and the display screen cover 3001 can be understood as the gap between the arc top of the top surface of the protrusion 111 and the display cover 3001.
  • the non-optical area of the first lens can also be provided with a light-shielding layer.
  • the SOMA sheet as the shading member can also be replaced by the shading member in the embodiment shown in FIG. 12 or 13.
  • the display screen may be an OLED display screen or an LCD display screen.
  • an optical lens which includes the following steps S1-S4.
  • Step S1 preparing the first lens, the second lens component and the light shielding member separated from each other.
  • the first lens 110 has a first surface 112 on the object side and a second surface 117 on the image side, wherein the central area of the first surface 112 protrudes toward the object side to form a protrusion 111, the The top surface 113 of the protrusion 111 forms an optical zone 113a for imaging, the first surface 112 also has a first structure area 115 surrounding the protrusion 111, and the side 114 of the protrusion 111 is connected to the optical zone. 113a and the first structure area 115.
  • the second lens component 200 includes a second lens barrel 220 and a plurality of second lenses 210 mounted inside the second lens barrel 220, wherein the plurality of second lenses 210 and the first lens 110 together form an imageable Optical system.
  • the shading member includes an annular shading portion.
  • Step S2 pre-positioning the first lens 110 and the second lens component 200.
  • the first lens 110, the second lens component 200, and the photosensitive component (which can be a photosensitive component to be assembled, or a photosensitive component or a photosensitive chip equipped with an active calibration device) are arranged along the optical axis, so that the first The optical system composed of the lens 110 and the second lens component 200 can image.
  • the first lens 110 and the second lens component 200 can be regarded as a split lens.
  • the second lens component 200 may be placed on a stage, the stage may have a light through hole, and the photosensitive component may be placed under the light through hole of the stage.
  • the first lens 110 can be clamped and moved by a six-axis movable clamp. The six axes will be explained in detail in step S3.
  • the clamp can clamp the outer surface of the first lens to capture and move the first lens 110. In another embodiment, the clamp may capture and move the first lens 110 by clamping the side of the protrusion.
  • Step S3 perform active calibration.
  • the photosensitive component is energized to obtain the image formed by the split lens, and the imaging quality of the split lens and its adjustment amount are calculated through image algorithms such as SFR, MTF, etc., according to the adjustment amount in at least one of the six-axis directions
  • the relative position between the first lens component (the first lens component is the first lens 110 in this embodiment) and the second lens component is actively adjusted in real time.
  • the imaging quality of the split lens mainly including peak, field curvature, astigmatism and other optical parameters
  • the six-axis directions can be x, y, z, u, v, w directions, where the x, y, and z directions are horizontal and vertical directions, that is, the directions of the three coordinate axes in the three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system, u, v,
  • the w direction is the direction of rotation around the x, y, and z axes, respectively.
  • step S4 the first lens 110 and the second lens component 200 are finally bonded by the first adhesive material 300.
  • the first lens 300 and the second lens component 200 can be maintained at the relative position determined by the active calibration.
  • Step S5 bonding the shading member and the combination of the first lens and the second lens component, and setting the annular shading portion above the first structure area.
  • the placement of the first adhesive material can be performed before the predetermined position (ie step S2), or after the active calibration (ie step S3) is completed.
  • step S3 first remove the first lens part, and then arrange the second adhesive material on the second lens part (the top surface of the second lens barrel), Then step S4 is executed to cure the first glue material.
  • the first adhesive material is suitable for curing by at least one of visible light, ultraviolet light, baking and the like.
  • the shading member in the step S1, may be a first lens barrel, wherein the top of the first lens barrel extends toward the first lens to form the ring Shading department.
  • the first lens barrel may be bonded to the second lens barrel through a third glue material, wherein the third glue material is arranged on the top surface of the second lens barrel, and the first lens barrel is Three rubber materials surround the outside of the first lens.
  • the shading member is an annular SOMA sheet.
  • the bottom surface of the SOMA sheet is bonded to the first structure area.
  • the light shielding member includes a ring-shaped support and a SOMA sheet, wherein the SOMA sheet has a ring shape and constitutes the ring-shaped light shielding portion.
  • the bottom surface of the annular support member is bonded to the top surface of the second lens barrel, so that the annular support member surrounds the first lens, and then is placed on the top surface of the annular support member. Bond the SOMA sheet.
  • the first lens is made by a glass molding process, and the protrusion is processed by a removal process such as cutting or polishing, so that the side surface of the protrusion is The included angle between the optical axes of the optical lens is less than 15°.
  • a method for manufacturing a camera module which includes step a and step b.
  • Step a Fabricate an optical lens according to the optical lens fabrication method (steps S1-S4) in the foregoing embodiment.
  • Step b assembling the optical lens and the photosensitive component together to obtain a camera module.
  • the optical lens and the photosensitive component are bonded together through a second adhesive material.
  • the optical lens may be assembled first, and then the optical lens and the photosensitive component may be assembled.
  • the process of assembling the optical lens and photosensitive component can be a traditional active calibration process (AA process refers to the active calibration process without adjusting the optical system itself, that is, by adjusting the relative position between the optical lens and the photosensitive component The components are glued and fixed), or the traditional bracket attaching process (HA process, that is, the lens is directly attached to the photosensitive component by means of mechanical positioning such as visual recognition).
  • active calibration may be performed between the second lens component and the photosensitive component. Furthermore, the active calibration between the first lens and the second lens component in step S3 and the active calibration between the second lens component and the photosensitive component in step b can be Simultaneous execution. Then respectively glue the first lens and the second lens component (which can be bonded by the first glue) and the second lens component and the photosensitive assembly (which can be glued by the second glue), So as to form a complete camera module.

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Abstract

一种光学镜头（1000），其包括第一镜片（110）和第二镜头部件（200）。第一镜片（110）具有位于物侧的第一表面（112）和位于像侧的第二表面（117），其中第一表面（112）的中央区域向物侧凸起形成突出部（111），突出部（111）的顶面（113）形成光学区（113a），第一表面（112）还具有围绕在突出部（111）周围的第一结构区（115），突出部（111）的侧面（114）连接光学区（113a）和第一结构区（115）。第二镜头部件（200）包括第二镜筒（220）和安装在第二镜筒（220）内侧的至少一个第二镜片（210），至少一个第二镜片（210）与第一镜片（110）共同构成可成像的光学系统。其中，第一镜片（110）的第二表面（117）与第二镜筒（220）的顶面粘结。还公开了相应的摄像模组、屏下摄像组件以及光学镜头（1000）和摄像模组的制作方法。这种光学镜头（1000）有助于减小屏幕（3000）开孔的孔径，确保较大的视场角及成像品质。

Description

屏下摄像组件、摄像模组和光学镜头及其制作方法
相关申请
本申请要求名称为“屏下摄像组件、摄像模组和光学镜头及其制作方法”、于2019年8月14日提交的中国专利申请号为201910749511.6，名称为“屏下摄像组件、摄像模组和光学镜头”、于2019年8月14日提交的中国专利申请号为201921316866.8，名称为“屏下摄像组件、摄像模组和光学镜头及其制作方法”、于2019年8月14日提交的中国专利申请号为201910750248.2，以及名称为“屏下摄像组件、摄像模组和光学镜头”、于2019年8月14日提交的中国专利申请号为201921315981.3的四项专利申请的优先权，并在此通过引用包括上述四项专利申请的全部内容。
技术领域
本发明涉及摄像模组技术领域，具体地说，本发明涉及屏下摄像组件和相应的摄像模组、光学镜头及其制作方法。
背景技术
随着移动电子设备的普及，被应用于移动电子设备的用于帮助使用者获取影像(例如视频或者图像)的摄像模组的相关技术得到了迅猛的发展和进步，并且在近年来，摄像模组在诸如医疗、安防、工业生产等诸多的领域都得到了广泛的应用。
在消费电子领域，例如智能手机领域中，前置摄像模组是不可或缺的一个组件。前置摄像模组通常设置在显示屏的同侧，用于满足使用者的自拍等功能。然而，随着屏占比越来越大，对前置摄像头的布置也提出了越来越高的要求。为减少摄像头对屏占比的影响，实现全面屏，不同厂家从不同的角度开发多种解决方案。一种技术方向是：将前置摄像模组布置在手机顶框，形成接近全面屏的刘海屏或水滴屏。另一种技术方向是：采用伸缩式的摄像模组以便隐藏和使用摄像头。当需要摄像时，可控制摄像头伸出手机(或其它电子设备)壳体之外进行拍摄；拍摄完毕后，摄像头缩回至手机(或其它电子设备)壳体中。然而，摄像头在不断的伸缩过程以及摄像头相对于手机(或其它电子设备)伸出时，容易受外力撞击而导致前置摄像损坏，并且更换困难。
目前市场上还常采用“开孔屏”方案，“开孔屏”方案通常配合屏下摄像模组的来实现手机屏占比尽可能的提高。“开孔屏”即通过取消屏幕中部分影响镜头接收光线的结构，形成一可以透过可见光的孔，在该孔对应的位置设置一摄像模组，从而实现手机前置拍摄的同时，尽可能的提升屏占比。但目前的摄像模组的头部尺寸均在3mm以上，摄像模组的头部放入孔中会使得屏幕开孔的尺寸要够大，而将摄像模组置于屏幕之后，考虑到摄像模组视场角的需求，屏幕开孔的侧壁不能影响摄像模组采集光线，因此同样的开孔要做的相对较大，其至少在4.5mm以上。这种较大的开孔会导致屏幕的显示效果不佳，影响到屏幕的使用体验。因此人们期待“开孔屏”的开孔尽可能小。
而另一方面，高像素、大光圈、小尺寸等要素已成为摄像模组不可逆转的发展趋势，消费者对摄像模组的成像质量要求也不断提高。因此，如何在尽可能缩小“开孔屏”的开孔的同时，使前置摄像模组满足高像素、大光圈、小尺寸等要求且不牺牲其成像质量，亦是当今市场亟待解决的难题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，克服现有技术的不足，提供一种屏下摄像组件及相应的光学镜头和摄像模组的解决方案。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种光学镜头，其包括：第一镜片，所述第一镜片具有位于物侧的第一表面和位于像侧的第二表面，其中所述第一表面的中央区域向物侧凸起形成突出部，所述突出部的顶面形成用于成像的光学区，所述第一表面还具有围绕在所述突出部周围的第一结构区，所述突出部的侧面连接所述光学区和所述第一结构区；以及第二镜头部件，其包括第二镜筒和安装在所述第二镜筒内侧的至少一个第二镜片，其中所述至少一个第二镜片与所述第一镜片共同构成可成像的光学系统；其中，所述第一镜片的所述第二表面与所述第二镜筒的顶面粘结。
其中，所述第一镜片的中轴线与所述第二镜头部件的中轴线具有不为零的夹角。
其中，所述第二表面与所述第二镜筒的顶面通过第一胶材粘结，所述第一胶材固化后支撑所述第一镜片和所述第二镜头部件，使得所述第一镜片和所述第二镜头部件的相对位置维持在主动校准所确定的相对位置，其中所述主动校准是根据所述光学系统的实际成像结果来对所述第一镜片和所述第二镜头部件的相对 位置进行调整的过程。
其中，所述突出部的侧面、所述第一结构区以及所述第一镜片的外侧面均附着遮光层。
其中，所述第二表面具有用于成像的光学区和围绕所述光学区的第二结构区，所述第二结构区附着遮光层。
其中，所述第一镜片为单个镜片或者是多个子镜片互相嵌合而成的复合镜片，所述第二镜片具有多个并且多个所述第二镜片通过所述第二镜筒组立在一起。
其中，所述第一镜片为模造玻璃镜片。
其中，所述突出部的顶面具有过渡区，所述过渡区位于所述顶面的边缘，所述过渡区附着遮光层。
其中，所述突出部的横截面的直径为1.0-2.0mm。
其中，所述突出部的横截面的直径为1.2-1.6mm。
其中，所述突出部的高度为0.3-1.2mm。
其中，所述突出部的高度为0.4-0.8mm。
其中，所述突出部的侧面与所述光学镜头的光轴之间的夹角小于15°。
其中，所述第一镜片的制作材料的折射率为1.48-1.55。
其中，所述第一镜片的阿贝数为50.0-70.1。
其中，所述第一镜片的总高为0.4-1.6mm。
其中，所述第一镜片的总高为0.6-1.2mm。
其中，所述第一镜片的外径为3.0-4.0mm。
其中，所述第一镜片的外径为3.2-3.8mm。
其中，所述遮光层的厚度大于5μm。
其中，所述遮光层的厚度为15-30μm。
其中，所述突出部的侧面、所述第一结构区、所述第一镜片的外侧面以及所述第二结构区中的一项或多项进行了表面粗糙化处理。
其中，所述第二镜筒或所述第一镜片的外侧面包括至少一个切割面。
其中，所述光学镜头的视场角大于60°。
其中，所述第二镜筒的进光孔的孔径与所述突出部的横截面的直径的比值为0.80-1.25。
其中，所述光学镜头还包括遮光构件，其包括环形遮光部，并且所述环形遮 光部设置于所述第一结构区的上方。
其中，所述遮光构件为环形SOMA片，所述SOMA片粘结于所述第一结构区。
其中，所述遮光构件为第一镜筒，所述第一镜筒的底面粘结于所述第二镜筒的顶面，所述第一镜筒的顶部向所述第一镜片延伸形成所述环形遮光部。
其中，所述环形遮光部与所述第一结构区之间不设置胶材。
其中，所述遮光构件包括环形支撑件和SOMA片，所述环形支撑件围绕在所述第一镜片，所述环形支撑件的底面粘结于所述第二镜筒的顶面，所述环形支撑件的顶面粘结所述SOMA片，所述SOMA片呈环形，并且所述SOMA片构成所述环形遮光部。
其中，所述SOMA片与所述第一结构区之间不设置胶材。
根据本申请的另一方面，提供了一种摄像模组，其包括：前述任一项中的光学镜头；以及感光组件，所述光学镜头安装于所述感光组件。
其中，所述摄像模组的光学总长为3.4-4.4mm。
根据本申请的又一方面，还提供了一种屏下摄像组件，其包括：显示屏，其具有通光孔；以及前述任一摄像模组，其中所述摄像模组的所述突出部伸入所述通光孔内。
其中，所述显示屏包括基板，所述摄像模组的所述第一结构区承靠于所述基板的底面。
其中，所述显示屏包括基板，所述基板具有开孔且所述开孔的直径大于所述第一镜片的外侧面的直径，所述第一结构区位于所述开孔内并且承靠于所述显示屏。
根据本申请的再一方面，还提供了一种光学镜头制作方法，其包括：1)准备彼此分离的第一镜片和第二镜头部件；其中所述第一镜片具有位于物侧的第一表面和位于像侧的第二表面，其中所述第一表面的中央区域向物侧凸起形成突出部，所述突出部的顶面形成用于成像的光学区，第一表面还具有围绕在所述突出部周围的第一结构区，所述突出部的侧面连接所述光学区和所述第一结构区；所述第二镜头部件，其包括第二镜筒和安装在所述第二镜筒内侧的至少一个第二镜片；2)对所述第一镜片和所述第二镜头部件进行预定位，使得所述至少一个第二镜片与所述第一镜片共同构成可成像的光学系统；3)对所述第一镜片和所述第二镜头部件进行主动校准；以及4)将所述第一镜片的底面与所述第二镜筒的顶面粘合，使得所述第一镜片和所述第二镜头部件的相对位置维持在主动校准所 确定的相对位置。
其中，所述步骤1)中，通过模造玻璃工艺制作所述第一镜片，通过切削或打磨工艺加工所述突出部，使得所述突出部的侧面与所述光学镜头的光轴之间的夹角小于15°。
根据本申请的再一方面，还提供了一种光学镜头制作方法，其包括：1)准备彼此分离的第一镜片、第二镜头部件和遮光构件；其中所述第一镜片具有位于物侧的第一表面和位于像侧的第二表面，其中所述第一表面的中央区域向物侧凸起形成突出部，所述突出部的顶面形成用于成像的光学区，第一表面还具有围绕在所述突出部周围的第一结构区，所述突出部的侧面连接所述光学区和所述第一结构区；所述第二镜头部件，其包括第二镜筒和安装在所述第二镜筒内侧的至少一个第二镜片；所述遮光构件包括环形遮光部；2)对所述第一镜片和所述第二镜头部件进行预定位，使得所述至少一个第二镜片与所述第一镜片共同构成可成像的光学系统；3)对所述第一镜片和所述第二镜头部件进行主动校准；4)将所述第一镜片的底面与所述第二镜筒的顶面粘合，使得所述第一镜片和所述第二镜头部件的相对位置维持在主动校准所确定的相对位置；以及5)将所述遮光构件与所述第一镜片和所述第二镜头部件的结合体粘结，并使所述环形遮光部设置于所述第一结构区的上方。
其中，所述步骤1)中，所述遮光构件为第一镜筒，其中所述第一镜筒的顶部向所述第一镜片延伸形成所述环形遮光部；所述步骤5)中，将所述第一镜筒通过第三胶材粘结至所述第二镜筒，其中第三胶材布置于所述第二镜筒的顶面，且所述第三胶材环绕于所述第一镜片的外侧。
其中，所述步骤1)中，所述遮光构件为环形SOMA片；所述步骤5)中，将所述SOMA片的底面粘结于所述第一结构区。
其中，所述步骤1)中，所述遮光构件包括环形支撑件和SOMA片，其中所述SOMA片呈环形并构成所述环形遮光部；所述步骤5)中，将所述环形支撑件的底面粘结于所述第二镜筒的顶面，使所述环形支撑件围绕所述第一镜片，然后在所述环形支撑件的顶面粘结所述SOMA片。
根据本申请的再一方面，还提供了一种摄像模组制作方法，其包括：a)根据前文所述的任一光学镜头制作方法制作光学镜头；以及b)将所述光学镜头与感光组件组装在一起得到摄像模组。
其中，所述步骤b)中，基于主动校准工艺，通过第二胶材将所述光学镜头 与所述感光组件粘合在一起。
其中，所述步骤b)中，在所述第二镜头部件与所述感光组件之间进行主动校准，并且，所述步骤3)中的所述第一镜片和所述第二镜头部件之间的主动校准，与所述步骤b)中的所述第二镜头部件与所述感光组件之间的主动校准同时执行。
与现有技术相比，本申请具有下列至少一个技术效果：
1.本申请的光学镜头和摄像模组有助于减小屏幕开孔的孔径。
2.本申请的光学镜头和摄像模组可以降低屏幕孔径对镜头视场角的影响。
3.本申请的光学镜头和摄像模组可以减小杂光对摄像模组成像的影响。
4.本申请的光学镜头和摄像模组可以提升镜头的成像质量。
5.本申请可以减小镜头体积。
6.本申请可以减小终端设备需要为摄像模组预留的空间。
7.本申请的一些实施例中，可以仅从一个方向喷涂(即从第一镜片的侧面喷涂)油墨层，降低了工艺难度，有利于提高生产效率和生产良率，特别适合大规模量产。
8.本申请的一些实施例中，可以最大程度地减小SOMA片到第一镜片的第一结构区的距离，使第一镜片的突出部可以更加充分地伸入显示屏的通光孔中，从而更加有助于在保持成像质量的前提下缩小显示屏的通光孔孔径。
附图说明
图1示出了本申请一个实施例的光学镜头1000的剖面示意图；
图2示出了本申请的一个实施例中的第一镜片及其周边结构的局部放大示意图；
图3示出了本申请另一个实施例中的第一镜片及其周边结构的局部放大示意图；
图4示出了本申请的一个实施例中的第一镜片的剖面示意图；
图5示出了本申请一个实施例的摄像模组的剖面示意图；
图6示出了本申请一个实施例中的光学镜头的立体示意图；
图7a示出了第二镜筒具有单个切割面的一个光学镜头示例的俯视示意图，图7b示出了第二镜筒具有两个切割面的一个光学镜头示例的俯视示意图，图7c示出了第二镜筒具有四个切割面的一个光学镜头示例的俯视示意图；
图8a示出了将具有切割面的摄像模组设置于贴近手机边框位置的一个示例的示意图，图8b示出了将具有切割面的摄像模组设置于贴近手机边框位置的另一个示例的示意图；
图9示出了本申请一个实施例中的屏下摄像组件的剖面示意图；
图10示出了本申请另一个实施例中的屏下摄像组件的剖面示意图；
图11示出了本申请一个实施例的光学镜头1000的剖面示意图；
图12示出了本申请另一个实施例的光学镜头1000的剖面示意图；
图13示出了本申请又一个实施例的光学镜头1000的剖面示意图；
图14示出了本申请一个实施例的摄像模组的剖面示意图；
图15示出了本申请一个实施例中的屏下摄像组件的剖面示意图；
图16示出了本申请另一个实施例中的屏下摄像组件的剖面示意图。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本申请，将参考附图对本申请的各个方面做出更详细的说明。应理解，这些详细说明只是对本申请的示例性实施方式的描述，而非以任何方式限制本申请的范围。在说明书全文中，相同的附图标号指代相同的元件。表述“和/或”包括相关联的所列项目中的一个或多个的任何和全部组合。
应注意，在本说明书中，第一、第二等的表述仅用于将一个特征与另一个特征区分开来，而不表示对特征的任何限制。因此，在不背离本申请的教导的情况下，下文中讨论的第一主体也可被称作第二主体。
在附图中，为了便于说明，已稍微夸大了物体的厚度、尺寸和形状。附图仅为示例而并非严格按比例绘制。
还应理解的是，用语“包括”、“包括有”、“具有”、“包含”和/或“包含有”，当在本说明书中使用时表示存在所陈述的特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件和/或部件，但不排除存在或附加有一个或多个其它特征、整体、步骤、操作、元件、部件和/或它们的组合。此外，当诸如“...中的至少一个”的表述出现在所列特征的列表之后时，修饰整个所列特征，而不是修饰列表中的单独元件。此外，当描述本申请的实施方式时，使用“可以”表示“本申请的一个或多个实施方式”。并且，用语“示例性的”旨在指代示例或举例说明。
如在本文中使用的，用语“基本上”、“大约”以及类似的用语用作表近似的用语，而不用作表程度的用语，并且旨在说明将由本领域普通技术人员认识到 的、测量值或计算值中的固有偏差。
除非另外限定，否则本文中使用的所有用语(包括技术用语和科学用语)均具有与本申请所属领域普通技术人员的通常理解相同的含义。还应理解的是，用语(例如在常用词典中定义的用语)应被解释为具有与它们在相关技术的上下文中的含义一致的含义，并且将不被以理想化或过度正式意义解释，除非本文中明确如此限定。
需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本申请。
图1示出了本申请一个实施例的光学镜头1000的剖面示意图。参考图1，本实施例中，所述光学镜头1000包括第一镜片110和第二镜头部件200。其中第一镜片110可以理解为第一镜头部件，本实施例中，第一镜头部件由单个第一镜片110构成。第一镜片110通常为透镜。所述第一镜片110具有位于物侧的第一表面112和位于像侧的第二表面117，其中所述第一表面112的中央区域向物侧凸起形成突出部111，所述突出部111的顶面113形成用于成像的光学区113a，第一表面112还具有围绕在所述突出部111周围的第一结构区115，所述突出部111的侧面114连接所述光学区113a和所述第一结构区115。本文中，结构区为非光学区，也可以称为光学无效区。本实施例中，第二镜头部件200包括第二镜筒220和安装在所述第二镜筒220内侧的多个第二镜片210，其中多个第二镜片210与所述的第一镜片110共同构成可成像的光学系统。所述第一镜片110的所述第二表面117与所述第二镜筒220的顶面粘结。具体来说，第一镜片110的第二表面117的第二结构区118与第二镜筒220的顶面粘结。本实施例中，第一镜片110与所述第二镜筒220的顶面通过第一胶材300粘结，所述第一胶材300固化后支撑所述第一镜片110和所述第二镜头部件200，使得所述第一镜片110和所述第二镜头部件200的相对位置维持在主动校准所确定的相对位置，其中所述主动校准是根据所述光学系统的实际成像结果来对所述第一镜片110和所述第二镜头部件200的相对位置进行调整的过程。主动校准过程中，摄取机构(例如夹持机构)可以通过夹持第一镜片的外侧面来在多个自由度上移动所述第一镜片，从而调整第一镜片与第二镜头部件的相对位置，进而找出可以使光学系统的实际成像结果优化的位置。这里实际成像结果是指由置于第二镜片后端的感光芯片所接收并输出的实际图像。该感光芯片可以是专门用于主动校准工序的感光芯片(在这种情形下，感光芯片可以设置于主动校准设备中)，也可以是实际要组装的感光组件中的感光芯片(在这种 情形下，该用于主动校准的感光芯片最终会与被校准的光学镜头组装在一起构成摄像模组)。由于第一镜片在制造过程中具有制造公差，第二镜头部件中的各镜片之间存在着制造公差和组装公差，在主动校准后，所述第一镜片的中轴线与所述第二镜头部件的中轴线可以具有不为零的夹角，从而可以补偿上述制造公差和组装公差。本实施例的光学镜头特别适合用于屏下摄像模组。本实施例的光学镜头中，由于第一镜片110暴露在第二镜筒220外部，突出部111可以伸入显示屏的小孔(即显示屏为屏下摄像模组预留的通光孔)中，从而使得光学镜头的入光面更加接近显示屏的上表面，使光学镜头采集光线受到显示屏小孔的侧壁的影响降低。这样光学镜头可以获得更大的视场角，使得可以在确保光学镜头进光量的同时，缩小显示屏的小孔(所预留的通光孔)孔径。进一步地，本实施例中，通过第一镜片的底面(例如通过第二表面的第二结构区)与第二镜筒的顶面的粘结，来将第一镜片固定在第二镜筒上，这种设计方案可以将第一镜片暴露在外，从而便于主动校准。第一镜片的形状是经过特殊设计的，特别是具有所述的突出部111，这种第一镜片的成型难度可能高于普通镜片(例如第二镜片)。所以第一镜片的制造公差可能会高于普通镜片，并且在大批量生产中，第一镜片的光学参数和性能的一致性也可能存在不足，如果不考虑上述因素，那么实际量产的光学镜头的实际成像质量可能会不如预期，导致生产良率下降等一系列的问题。而本实施例中，可以通过主动校准过程来避免或抑制第一镜片本身的制造公差或一致性不足等问题，从而确保实际量产产品的成像质量，同时提升生产良率。
进一步地，仍然参考图1，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述第一镜片与所述第二镜筒的粘结面(可理解为第一镜片的底面的与第一胶材接触的区域以及第二镜筒顶面的与第一胶材接触的区域)均设置为平面。光学镜头可能遇到高温高湿环境下或机械冲击环境，将所述第一镜片与所述第二镜筒的粘结面设置为平面，可以降低上述环境所导致的第一胶材变异对第一镜片与第二镜筒在水平方向的相对位置的影响，从而解决或缓解因第一胶材变异而导致的光学镜头成像质量下降问题。
进一步地，图2示出了本申请的一个实施例中的第一镜片及其周边结构的局部放大示意图。结合参考图1和图2，本实施例中，所述第一镜片110的突出部111的侧面114、所述第一表面112的第一结构区115以及所述第一镜片110的外侧面116均附着油墨层。所述第二表面117具有用于成像的光学区和围绕所述光学区的第二结构区118，更进一步地，在一个实施例中，所述第二表面117的第二结构区 118也可以附着油墨层。在第一镜片110的上述区域附着油墨层可以起到减小杂光的作用。另外，油墨层也可以起到光阑的作用，以控制进摄像模组的光量。即，将光学镜头的光阑设置在第一片镜片的第一表面。在本申请的其它实施例中，油墨层也可以被其它材料形成的附着于第一镜片的上述区域的遮光层替代，例如可以以镀膜的方式来附着不透光材料，从而形成所述遮光层。
进一步地，仍然参考图1，本申请的一个实施例中，所述光学镜头中，所述第二镜片210具有多个并且多个所述第二镜片210通过所述第二镜筒220组立在一起。具体来说，第二镜筒220的内侧面可以形成多级台阶，在组立第二镜片210时，可以由小到大地将第二镜片210依次嵌入该多级台阶。多个第二镜片210组立在一起后，各镜片的位置固定，从而形成稳定的透镜组。
前述实施例中，第一镜片均为单个独立镜片，但本申请并不限于此。例如，在本申请的另一个实施例中，第一镜片可以是由多个子镜片互相嵌合而成的复合镜片。在主动校准阶段，复合镜片可以作为一个整体移动并调整与第二镜头部件的相对位置关系。
进一步地，仍然参考图1，本申请的一个实施例中，所述光学镜头1000中，在通过第二镜筒220组立的前提下，多个第二镜片210还可以相互嵌合(通常是在第二镜片的第二结构区互相嵌合，结构区为非光学区，或称为光学无效区)，从而进一步提升透镜组的稳固性。进一步地，还可以在多个第二镜片210之间设置垫片，以提升光学镜头结构的稳定性。
进一步地，本申请的一个实施例中，由于第一镜片的突出部的高度相对较高，对光学镜头的透光率影响较大，因此为保证摄像模组的感光芯片能够获取较多的成像光线，所述第一镜片可以采用玻璃材料。并且进一步地，由于所述第一镜片的入光面通常为非球面，所述第一镜片可以是模造玻璃镜片。模造玻璃镜片的成型原理包括：将已具初形的玻璃初胚置于精密加工成型模具中，升高温度使玻璃软化，再由模仁表面施压使玻璃受力变形分模取出，即可形成我们所需要的镜片形状。模造玻璃是通过成型模具制造而成，成型后的第一镜片的突出部侧壁与光轴可能不能严格地平行，例如突出部侧壁与光轴之间可能存在较大的夹角(即突出部侧壁倾角)。此时可以通过冷加工技术研磨第一镜片，使第一镜片的突起部侧壁与光轴的夹角小于15°。这样即可避免因突出部侧壁倾角过大而导致突出部的最大直径(即突出部根部的直径)过大。突出部根部的直径过大将导致显示屏的开孔孔径不得不增大。
进一步地，图3示出了本申请另一个实施例中的第一镜片及其周边结构的局部放大示意图。本实施例中，所述突出部111的顶面113具有光学区113a和过渡区113b，所述过渡区113b位于所述顶面113的边缘，所述过渡区113b可以附着油墨层。本实施例中，第一镜片110的形状特殊(例如其具有突出部111)，而模造玻璃在成型和开模的过程中，镜片的边缘处的成型精度可能难以控制。因此，本实施例中，在第一镜片110的突出部111的顶部113与侧壁114之间具有一过渡区113b，该过渡区113b可以设置(即附着)遮光材料，使得光线不能透过该区域，以减小该区域对光学成像的影响。优选地，该过渡区从所述突出部的侧壁向中心位置方向具有大约0.03-0.05mm的宽度(该宽度指径向尺寸，即垂直于光学镜头光轴的方向上的尺寸)。在其它实施例中，过渡区的宽度也可以是其它值，这具体取决于模造玻璃的成型精度。
进一步地，图4示出了本申请的一个实施例中的第一镜片的剖面示意图。参考图4，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述突出部的横截面的直径L1可以为1.0-2.0mm。优选地，所述突出部的横截面的直径L1可以为1.2-1.6mm。上述参数范围可以适用于玻璃材质的第一镜片，但需要注意，这些参数范围并不限于玻璃材质，它们也可以适用于其它材质的第一镜片。
进一步地，仍然参考图4，本申请的一个实施例中，所述突出部的高度H1可以为0.3-1.2mm。优选地，所述突出部的高度H1可以为0.4-0.8mm。其中所述突出部的高度是所述第一表面的第一结构区到所述突出部的弧顶的高度，所述高度是沿着所述光学镜头的光轴方向上的尺寸。上述参数范围可以适用于玻璃材质的第一镜片，但需要注意，这些参数范围并不限于玻璃材质，它们也可以适用于其它材质的第一镜片。
进一步地，仍然参考图4，本申请的一个实施例中，所述第一镜片的总高H2可以为0.4-1.6mm。优选地，所述第一镜片的总高H2可以为0.6-1.2mm。其中所述第一镜片的总高是所述第二表面的第二结构区到所述突出部的弧顶的高度，所述高度是沿着所述光学镜头的光轴方向上的尺寸。上述参数范围可以适用于玻璃材质的第一镜片，但需要注意，这些参数范围并不限于玻璃材质，它们也可以适用于其它材质的第一镜片。参考图4，本实施例中，第一镜片的结构区厚度等于第一镜片总高H2-突出部高度H1。通常来说，第一镜片的结构区厚度越小，约有利于突出部111更充分地伸入显示屏的通光孔中。然而，如果结构区厚度过小，会造成第一镜片易于在夹持和移动过程中发生弯曲，可能导致主动校准不能达到预 期效果，进而导致成像品质下降。具体来说，如果结构区厚度过小，夹具夹持第一镜片时，可能会导致第一镜片发生弯曲，尽管这个弯曲可能十分微小，但由于光学系统(尤其是手机摄像模组的光学系统)十分精密和敏感，即便十分微小的第一镜片形变，也会导致感光芯片获得的成像结果变异，从而导致主动校准不能达到预期效果。
进一步地，仍然参考图4，本申请的一个实施例中，所述第一镜片的外径L2可以为3.0-4.0mm。优选地，所述第一镜片的外径L2可以为3.2-3.8mm。如果外径L2过小，可能导致可用于布置第一胶材的区域变小，影响粘结的稳固性和可靠性。而如果外径L2过大，则第一镜片易于在夹持和移动过程中发生弯曲，可能导致主动校准不能达到预期效果，进而导致成像品质下降。具体来说，如果第一镜片的外径L2过大，夹具夹持第一镜片时，可能会导致第一镜片发生弯曲，尽管这个弯曲可能十分微小，但由于光学系统(尤其是手机摄像模组的光学系统)十分精密和敏感，即便十分微小的第一镜片形变，也会导致感光芯片获得的成像结果变异，从而导致主动校准不能达到预期效果。
上述参数范围可以适用于玻璃材质的第一镜片，但需要注意，这些参数范围并不限于玻璃材质，它们也可以适用于其它材质的第一镜片。
进一步地，结合参考图1，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述第二镜头部件的第二镜筒220的顶部向内延伸(指向光学系统的中心延伸)形成一进光孔222。该进光孔222为光束进入第二镜头部件的进光孔。为便于描述，将第二镜筒220的顶部向内延伸的部分称为延伸部221。该延伸部221的底面可以承靠第一个第二镜片，从而使第二镜片的组立更加稳固。本实施例中，第二镜筒220的延伸部221的孔径(即进光孔222的孔径)大小与光学镜头的成像光束在此处的直径有关，而成像光束在此处的的直径又与第一镜片的突出部111顶面113上的用于成像的光学区113a的直径相关联。延伸部的孔径过小会限制成像光束的通过，导致感光芯片所接收到的进光量减少，而该尺寸过大，则会导致本申请所述光学镜头的MTF值(或者其它可表征感光芯片输出图像的解像力的参数值)降低，并且会使得杂光的问题加重。光学镜头的成像光束受限制和因MTF值降低、杂光问题加重都可能导致成像品质下降。因此，本实施例中，第二镜筒220的延伸部221的孔径(即第二镜筒220的进光孔222的孔径)与光学区113a的直径的比值可以设置成0.80-1.25。进一步地，在一些实施方式中，由于成型工艺的限制，第一镜片的突出部111的顶面113上还具有一过渡区113b，由于该尺寸相对较小，因此第二镜筒 220的延伸部221的孔径(即第二镜筒220的进光孔222的孔径)与突出部111的横截面直径的比值也可以约为0.80-1.25。
进一步地，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述第一镜片的突出部的横截面的直径小于第二镜筒外径的三分之一。其中第二镜筒外径是指第二镜筒外侧尺寸最大处的外径。第二镜筒外侧尺寸最大处一般位于第二镜筒的底部(即光学系统中靠近像方的一侧)。通常来说，多个第二镜片由小到大依次嵌入第二镜筒中，尺寸最大的镜片通常位于最底端，因此第二镜筒外侧尺寸最大处也一般位于第二镜筒的底部。但需要注意，在特殊情形下，此第二镜筒外侧尺寸最大处也可能位于其它位置。进一步地，在一个优选实施例中，所述第二镜筒的外径(即第二镜筒的外侧尺寸最大处的外径)不小于4mm。
进一步地，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述第一镜片的制作材料的折射率为1.48-1.55。所述第一镜片的阿贝数可以为50.0-70.1。第一镜片通常采用非球面，当所述第一镜片由玻璃材料制成时，第一镜片通常采用模造玻璃的工艺方法制成。由于模造玻璃需要使用模具对玻璃施压进行加工，通常模造玻璃制造双凹型的镜片对模具的损伤较大，因此第一镜片的第一表面(即物侧面)优选为凸面。本实施例中，第一片镜片相对横向尺寸具有较厚的厚度，与之相对应地，将镜片成型材料的折射率优选为1.48-1.55，第一镜片的阿贝数优选为50.0-70.1，可以更好地控制分体式镜头的成像品质。
进一步地，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述光学镜头的视场角(即FOV)大于60°。如前文所述，本申请的光学镜头具有第一镜片，且第一镜片具有突出部，该突出部可以伸入孔径较小的通光孔(指显示屏的通光孔)中，因此光学镜头的入光面(第一镜片的第一表面的光学区)可以更加接近显示屏的上表面，使光学镜头的视场角受显示屏小孔直径的影响相对更小。因此，本实施例中，光学镜头的视场角(即FOV)可以大于60°。优选地，光学镜头的视场角可以大于75°。
进一步地，本申请的一个实施例中，所述第一镜片的所述油墨层的厚度大于5μm。优选地，为使得油墨层具有较好的遮光效果，同时使油墨层的厚度对突出部111的高度H1影响较小，所述第一镜片的所述油墨层的厚度可以为15-30μm。
进一步地，本申请的一个实施例中，所述第一镜片中，所述突出部的侧面、所述第一表面的所述第一结构区、所述第一镜片的外侧面以及所述第二表面的所述第二结构区进行了表面粗糙化处理。表面粗糙化处理例如可以通过研磨的方式实现。对第一镜片的上述区域进行粗糙化处理，既可以减少杂光对镜头成像的影 响，又可以提高油墨层与镜片的结合强度，使镜头在使用过程中，油墨不易脱落，减小脏污对镜头成像的影响。在变形的实施例中，表面粗糙化处理的区域也可以是所述突出部的侧面、所述第一表面的所述第一结构区、所述第一镜片的外侧面以及所述第二表面的所述第二结构区中的一项、两项或三项。
进一步地，图5示出了本申请一个实施例的摄像模组的剖面示意图。参考图5，根据本申请的一个实施例，提供了一种摄像模组，该摄像模组包括光学镜头1000和感光组件2000。所述光学镜头1000安装于所述感光组件2000。具体来说，光学镜头1000可以通过第二胶材400粘合于感光组件2000。所述光学镜头可以是如图1所示的光学镜头，其具体结构此处不再赘述。感光组件2000可以包括感光芯片2001、线路板2002、滤色片2003、镜座2004和电子元件2005。感光芯片2001粘贴于线路板2002的上表面。镜座2004安装于所述线路板2002的上表面并围绕在所述感光芯片2001的周围。镜座的顶面可以作为光学镜头1000的安装面。滤色片2003安装于镜座2004。线路板的上表面还可以安装电子元件2005。感光芯片2001和线路板2002之间可以通过引线结合(即wire bonding，也可以称为“打线”)工艺电连接。连接线可以是金线或者其它导电性能好的金属线。
进一步地，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述摄像模组的光学总长(TTL)可以为3.4-4.4mm。
进一步地，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述光学镜头中，所述第二镜筒的侧面可以具有切割面。图6示出了本申请一个实施例中的光学镜头1000的立体示意图。参考图6，在本申请的一个实施例中，光学镜头1000包括第一镜片110和第二镜头部件。其中第二镜头部件包括第二镜筒220和安装在第二镜筒220内的多个第二镜片(图6中第二镜片被遮挡)。第一镜片110粘合于第二镜筒220的顶面。本实施例中，第二镜筒220的外侧面223具有一个切割面224。这个切割面224可以使前置摄像模组被布置到更加靠近电子设备(例如手机)壳体的边框的位置处。图7a、7b、7c分别示出了三种第二镜筒切割方式的俯视示意图。具体来说，图7a示出了第二镜筒具有单个切割面的一个光学镜头示例的俯视示意图，图7b示出了第二镜筒具有两个切割面的一个光学镜头示例的俯视示意图，图7c示出了第二镜筒具有四个切割面的一个光学镜头示例的俯视示意图。图7a、7b、7c中，阴影部分表示被切割的区域。进一步地，图8a示出了将具有切割面的摄像模组设置于贴近手机边框位置的一个示例的示意图，图8b示出了将具有切割面的摄像模组设置于贴近手机边框位置的另一个示例的示意图。可以看出，对第二镜筒的侧面进行切割， 有助于将摄像模组设置到更加靠近手机边框的位置处。如图8a所示，前置摄像模组的光学镜头1000可以具有一个切割面，该切割面可以设置在贴近终端设备(例如手机)的顶部边框10处。如图8b所示，前置摄像模组的光学镜头1000可以具有四个切割面，其中顶部和右侧的切割面可以分别贴近终端设备(例如手机)的顶部边框10a和右侧边框10b设置。图8a、8b中，x、y坐标轴分别表示垂直于摄像模组光轴的平面(即显示屏表面所在的平面)上的直角坐标系的两个坐标轴。
进一步地，在另一个实施例中，所述第一镜片的外侧面也可以包括切割面，所述切割面可以是一个也可以是多个。其切割方式可以参考图7a、7b、7c。
进一步地，图9示出了本申请一个实施例中的屏下摄像组件的剖面示意图。参考图9，根据本申请的一个实施例，还提供了一种屏下摄像组件，其包括：显示屏3000和摄像模组(需注意，图9中仅示出其光学镜头，为示出其感光组件)。显示屏3000具有通光孔3002。具体来说，显示屏3000具有正面和背面，其中正面是显示图像的一面，背面是与之相反的一面。在屏下摄像组件中，显示屏3000具有通光孔3002，以便外界光线进入位于屏下的摄像模组。该通光孔3002可以是通孔也可以是盲孔。显示屏3000的正面可以覆盖透明盖板3001，在通光孔3002处，该盖板3001可以不打穿(如图9所示)。当盖板3001不打穿时，即盖板3001完整时，可以起到较好的防尘和保护作用。需要注意，在其它实施例中，在通光孔3002处盖板也可以被打穿。进一步地，本实施例中，所述摄像模组的光学镜头可以是如图1所示的光学镜头1000，该光学镜头具有第一镜片110，该第一镜片110具有突出部111。本实施例中，所述突出部111伸入所述通光孔3002内。所述显示屏3000还可以包括基板3003，该基板3003位于显示屏3000的背面，因该基板3003也可以称为背板。本实施例中，所述摄像模组的第一镜片110的第一表面(即上表面)的第一结构区可以位于所述基板3003的底面下方。第一表面的第一结构区与所述基板的底面之间可以保留一个微小间隙。本实施例的方案可以使光学镜头获得更大的视场角(图9中视场角用虚线表示)，并且有助于在保证光学镜头进光量的前提下缩小显示屏通光孔的孔径，从而提升显示屏的视觉效果和用户体验。本实施例中，所述突出部111与所述显示屏盖板3001(或者称为盖板层)之间的间隙可以为0.01-0.5mm。突出部111与所述显示屏盖板3001之间的间隙可以理解为突出部111顶面的弧顶与所述显示屏盖板3001之间的间隙。本实施例中，第一镜片的非光学区还可以设置遮光层，具体内容可参考图2、图3及前文中相应的实施例，此处不再赘述。
图10示出了本申请另一个实施例中的屏下摄像组件的剖面示意图。参考图10，本申请的另一个实施例中，所述显示屏3000的所述基板3001(或背板)可以具有开孔3004且所述开孔3004的直径大于所述第一镜片110的外侧面(外侧面的含义可参考图1及相应实施例的描述)的直径。基板3003的所述开孔3004也可以称为安装孔。所述第一镜片110的第一表面(即上表面)的所述第一结构区可以位于所述开孔3004内。即，所述第一镜片110的外侧面的至少一部分置于所述基板3003的开孔3004(即安装孔)内。这种方案中，所述突出部111可以更充分地伸入显示屏3000的通光孔3002中，从而使得光学镜头的入光面更加接近显示屏的上表面(或者说更加接近于盖板)。这样，光学镜头可以获得更大的视场角(图10中视场角用虚线表示)，并且有助于在保证光学镜头进光量的前提下缩小显示屏通光孔的孔径，从而提升显示屏的视觉效果和用户体验。本实施例中，所述突出部与所述显示屏盖板(或者称为盖板层)之间的间隙可以为0.01-0.5mm。突出部111与所述显示屏盖板3001之间的间隙可以理解为突出部111顶面的弧顶与所述显示屏盖板3001之间的间隙。本实施例中，第一镜片的非光学区还可以设置遮光层，具体内容可参考图2、图3及前文中相应的实施例，此处不再赘述。
上述实施例中，所述显示屏可以是OLED显示屏，也可以LCD显示屏。
进一步地，根据本申请的一个实施例，还提供了一种光学镜头制作方法，其包括下列步骤S1-S4。
步骤S1，准备彼此分离的第一镜片和第二镜头部件。仍然参考图1，第一镜片110具有位于物侧的第一表面112和位于像侧的第二表面117，其中所述第一表面112的中央区域向物侧凸起形成突出部111，所述突出部111的顶面113形成用于成像的光学区113a，第一表面112还具有围绕在所述突出部111周围的第一结构区115，所述突出部111的侧面114连接所述光学区113a和所述第一结构区115。第二镜头部件200包括第二镜筒220和安装在所述第二镜筒220内侧的多个第二镜片210，其中多个第二镜片210与所述的第一镜片110共同构成可成像的光学系统。
步骤S2，对第一镜片110和第二镜头部件200进行预定位。本步骤中，第一镜片110、第二镜头部件200和感光组件(可以是待组装的感光组件，也可以是主动校准设备所配备的感光组件或感光芯片)沿光轴排布，使第一镜片110及第二镜头部件200所组成的光学系统可成像。此时，第一镜片110和第二镜头部件200可以视为一分体式镜头。本实施例中，可以将第二镜头部件200置于载台，该载台可以具有通光孔，感光组件可以置于载台的通光孔下方。第一镜片110可以有六 轴可动的夹具夹取并移动。其中六轴将在步骤S3中具体解释。夹具可以夹持第一镜片的外侧面来摄取和移动第一镜片110。在另一实施例中，夹具可以通过夹持突出部的侧面来摄取和移动第一镜片110。
步骤S3，进行主动校准。本步骤中，感光组件通电获取所述分体式镜头所成的图像，通过SFR、MTF等图像算法计算分体式镜头的成像品质及其调整量，根据调整量在六轴方向上的至少一个方向上实时主动调整第一镜头部件(本实施例中第一镜头部件即第一镜片110)和第二镜头部件之间的相对位置。一次或多次调整后使分体式镜头的成像品质(主要包含峰值、场曲、像散等光学参数)达到目标值。其中，六轴方向可以是x、y、z、u、v、w方向，其中x、y、z方向为水平及垂直方向，即三维直角坐标系中三个坐标轴的方向，u、v、w方向分别是绕x、y、z轴旋转的方向。
步骤S4，最后通过第一胶材300粘合第一镜片110和第二镜头部件200。第一胶材300固化后可以使第一镜片300和第二镜头部件200维持在主动校准所确定的相对位置。
上述实施例中，第一胶材的布设可以在预定位(即步骤S2)之前执行，也可以在主动校准(即步骤S3)完成后执行。当第一胶材的布设在主动校准(即步骤S3)完成后执行时，先移开第一镜头部件，然后在第二镜头部件(第二镜筒的顶面)上布设第二胶材，然后再执行步骤S4，使第一胶材固化。在本申请中第一胶材适于通过可见光、紫外线、烘烤等方式中的至少一种进行固化。
进一步地，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述步骤S1中，通过模造玻璃工艺制作所述第一镜片，通过切削或打磨等去除工艺加工所述突出部，使得所述突出部的侧面与所述光学镜头的光轴之间的夹角小于15°。
进一步地，根据本申请的一个实施例，还提供了一种摄像模组制作方法，其包括步骤a和步骤b。
步骤a，根据前述实施例中的光学镜头制作方法(步骤S1-S4)制作光学镜头。
步骤b，将所述光学镜头与感光组件组装在一起得到摄像模组。
其中，所述步骤b中，基于主动校准工艺，通过第二胶材将所述光学镜头与所述感光组件粘合在一起。在一个实施例中，可以先组装光学镜头，然后再将光学镜头与感光组件组装。将光学镜头与感光组件组装的工艺可以是传统的主动校准工艺(AA工艺，指不调整光学系统本身的主动校准工艺，即通过调整光学镜头与感光组件之间的相对位置的方式将镜头与感光组件粘接固定)，也可以是传 统的支架贴附工艺(HA工艺，即直接通过视觉识别等机械定位的方式将镜头直接贴附于感光组件)。
进一步地，在本申请的另一个实施例中，所述步骤b中，可以在所述第二镜头部件与所述感光组件之间进行主动校准。并且，所述步骤S3中的所述第一镜片和所述第二镜头部件之间的主动校准，与所述步骤b中的所述第二镜头部件与所述感光组件之间的主动校准可以同时执行。然后再分别粘合所述第一镜片和所述第二镜头部件(可以通过第一胶材粘合)以及所述第二镜头部件与所述感光组件(可以通过第二胶材粘合)，从而构成完整的摄像模组。
图11示出了本申请一个实施例的光学镜头1000的剖面示意图。参考图11，本实施例中，所述光学镜头1000包括第一镜片110、第二镜头部件200和SOMA片121。其中第一镜片110可以理解为第一镜头部件，本实施例中，第一镜头部件由单个第一镜片110构成。第一镜片110通常为透镜。所述第一镜片110具有位于物侧的第一表面112和位于像侧的第二表面117，其中所述第一表面112的中央区域向物侧凸起形成突出部111，所述突出部111的顶面113形成用于成像的光学区113a，第一表面112还具有围绕在所述突出部111周围的第一结构区115，所述突出部111的侧面114连接所述光学区113a和所述第一结构区115。本文中，结构区为非光学区，或者可以称为光学无效区。本实施例中，第二镜头部件200包括第二镜筒220和安装在所述第二镜筒220内侧的多个第二镜片210，其中多个第二镜片210与所述的第一镜片110共同构成可成像的光学系统。所述第一镜片110的所述第二表面117与所述第二镜筒220的顶面粘结。具体来说，第一镜片110的第二表面117的第二结构区118与第二镜筒220的顶面粘结。本实施例中，第一镜片110与所述第二镜筒220的顶面通过第一胶材300粘结，所述第一胶材300固化后支撑所述第一镜片110和所述第二镜头部件200，使得所述第一镜片110和所述第二镜头部件200的相对位置维持在主动校准所确定的相对位置，其中所述主动校准是根据所述光学系统的实际成像结果来对所述第一镜片110和所述第二镜头部件200的相对位置进行调整的过程。主动校准过程中，摄取机构(例如夹持机构)可以通过夹持第一镜片的外侧面来在多个自由度上移动所述第一镜片，从而调整第一镜片与第二镜头部件的相对位置，进而找出可以使光学系统的实际成像结果优化的位置。这里实际成像结果是指由置于第二镜片后端的感光芯片所接收并输出的实际图像。该感光芯片可以是专门用于主动校准工序的感光芯片(在这种情 形下，感光芯片可以设置于主动校准设备中)，也可以是实际要组装的感光组件中的感光芯片(在这种情形下，该用于主动校准的感光芯片最终会与被校准的光学镜头组装在一起构成摄像模组)。由于第一镜片在制造过程中具有制造公差，第二镜头部件中的各镜片之间存在着制造公差和组装公差，在主动校准后，所述第一镜片的中轴线与所述第二镜头部件的中轴线可以具有不为零的夹角，从而可以补偿上述制造公差和组装公差。本实施例的光学镜头特别适合用于屏下摄像模组。本实施例的光学镜头中，由于第一镜片110暴露在第二镜筒220外部，突出部111可以伸入显示屏的小孔(即显示屏为屏下摄像模组预留的通光孔)中，从而使得光学镜头的入光面更加接近显示屏的上表面，使光学镜头采集光线受到显示屏小孔的侧壁的影响降低。这样光学镜头可以获得更大的视场角，使得可以在确保光学镜头进光量的同时，缩小显示屏的小孔(所预留的通光孔)孔径。进一步地，本实施例中，通过第一镜片的底面(例如通过第二表面的第二结构区)与第二镜筒的顶面的粘结，来将第一镜片固定在第二镜筒上，这种设计方案可以将第一镜片暴露在外，从而便于主动校准。第一镜片的形状是经过特殊设计的，特别是具有所述的突出部111，这种第一镜片的成型难度可能高于普通镜片(例如第二镜片)。所以第一镜片的制造公差可能会高于普通镜片，并且在大批量生产中，第一镜片的光学参数和性能的一致性也可能存在不足，如果不考虑上述因素，那么实际量产的光学镜头的实际成像质量可能会不如预期，导致生产良率下降等一系列的问题。而本实施例中，可以通过主动校准过程来避免或抑制第一镜片本身的制造公差或一致性不足等问题，从而确保实际量产产品的成像质量，同时提升生产良率。进一步地，本实施例中，SOMA片121粘结于所述第一结构区115，这样SOMA片121可以形成遮光部，从而避免或抑制杂散光进入光学镜头的光学系统中。SOMA片即SOMA遮光片，有时也称为麦拉片，它是一种使用SOMA遮光材料制成的遮光片，形态上通常是厚度为几十到几百微米的具有高遮光性能的黑色热塑性塑料薄膜(在现有技术中，SOMA片通常用于镜片组立中，具体来说，SOMA片通常垫在镜筒内的相邻镜片的结构区之间)。
图12示出了本申请另一个实施例的光学镜头1000的剖面示意图。与图11的实施例不同，本实施例中，SOMA片121由第一镜筒120替代。所述第一镜筒120的底面粘结于所述第二镜筒220的顶面，所述第一镜筒120的顶部向所述第一镜片110延伸形成遮光部。该遮光部呈环形并围绕在所述突出部111周围。进一步地，在一个实施例中，环形遮光部与所述第一结构区115之间可以不设置胶材。例如 环形遮光部可以直接接触所述第一结构区115。本实施例中，第一镜筒120可以起到遮光的作用，还可以起到保护第一镜片的作用。需要注意，本申请中，第一镜筒120的粘结方式并不限于上述实施例，例如在另一实施例中，第一镜筒120的底面也可以粘接于第一镜片120的顶面，从而将第一镜筒固定于光学镜头1000。
图13示出了本申请又一个实施例的光学镜头1000的剖面示意图。与图11的实施例不同，本实施例中，SOMA片121被复合遮光构件替代。该复合遮光构件包括环形支撑件122和SOMA片121，所述环形支撑件122围绕在所述第一镜片110周围，所述环形支撑件122的底面粘结于所述第二镜筒220的顶面，所述环形支撑件122的顶面粘结所述SOMA片121，所述SOMA片121呈环形，并且所述SOMA片121构成遮挡第一结构区115的环形遮光部。进一步地，在一个实施例中，所述SOMA片121与所述第一结构区之间不设置胶材。这样，所述SOMA片121可以更加贴近第一结构区(如果将SOMA片121粘贴于第一结构区115，那么SOMA片121和第一结构区115之间需要具有一定厚度的胶材，导致SOMA片121不能最大程度地贴近第一结构区115)，从而使第一镜片110的突出部111可以更加充分地伸入显示屏的通光孔中，从而更加有助于在保持成像质量的前提下缩小显示屏的通光孔孔径。本实施例中，环形支撑件122可以起到遮光的作用，还可以起到保护第一镜片的作用。
进一步地，仍然参考图11(或者参考图12、图13)，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述第一镜片与所述第二镜筒的粘结面(可理解为第一镜片的底面的与第一胶材接触的区域以及第二镜筒顶面的与第一胶材接触的区域)均设置为平面。光学镜头可能遇到高温高湿环境下或机械冲击环境，将所述第一镜片与所述第二镜筒的粘结面设置为平面，可以降低上述环境所导致的第一胶材变异对第一镜片与第二镜筒在水平方向的相对位置的影响，从而解决或缓解因第一胶材变异而导致的光学镜头成像质量下降问题。
进一步地，仍然参考图3，本实施例中，所述第一镜片110的突出部111的侧面114和/或所述第一镜片110的外侧面116附着油墨层。需注意，图3中未示出独立的遮光构件。独立的遮光构件是指如图11所示的SOMA片121、或如图12所示的第一镜筒120或者如图13所示的复合遮光构件。油墨层可以和遮光构件配合使用，从而提升减小杂光的效果。在本申请的其它实施例中，油墨层也可以被其它材料形成的附着于第一镜片的上述区域的遮光层替代，例如可以以镀膜的方式附着不透光材料形成遮光层。进一步地，本实施例中，油墨层和独立的遮光构件配 合使用，可以使得仅需要在所述第一镜片110的突出部111的侧面114，或者所述第一镜片110的外侧面116，或者所述第一镜片110的突出部111的侧面114和所述第一镜片110的外侧面116附着油墨层，无论上述哪种油墨层的布置方式，都仅需要从一个方向喷涂(即从第一镜片的侧面喷涂)所述油墨层，因此降低了工艺难度，有利于提高生产效率和生产良率，特别适合大规模量产。
进一步地，仍然参考图11(或者图12、图13)，本申请的一个实施例中，所述光学镜头中，所述第二镜片210具有多个并且多个所述第二镜片210通过所述第二镜筒220组立在一起。具体来说，第二镜筒220的内侧面可以形成多级台阶，在组立第二镜片210时，可以由小到大地将第二镜片210依次嵌入该多级台阶。多个第二镜片210组立在一起后，各镜片的位置固定，从而形成稳定的透镜组。
前述实施例中，第一镜片均为单个独立镜片，但本申请并不限于此。例如，在本申请的另一个实施例中，第一镜片可以是由多个子镜片互相嵌合而成的复合镜片。在主动校准阶段，复合镜片可以作为一个整体移动并调整与第二镜头部件的相对位置关系。
进一步地，仍然参考图11，本申请的一个实施例中，所述光学镜头1000中，在通过第二镜筒220组立的前提下，多个第二镜片210还可以相互嵌合(通常是在第二镜片的第二结构区互相嵌合，结构区为非光学区，或称为光学无效区)，从而进一步提升透镜组的稳固性。进一步地，还可以在多个第二镜片210之间设置垫片，以提升光学镜头结构的稳定性。
进一步地，本申请的一个实施例中，由于第一镜片的突出部的高度相对较高，对光学镜头的透光率影响较大，因此为保证摄像模组的感光芯片能够获取较多的成像光线，所述第一镜片可以采用玻璃材料。并且进一步地，由于所述第一镜片的入光面通常为非球面，所述第一镜片可以是模造玻璃镜片。模造玻璃镜片的成型原理包括：将已具初形的玻璃初胚置于精密加工成型模具中，升高温度使玻璃软化，再由模仁表面施压使玻璃受力变形分模取出，即可形成我们所需要的镜片形状。模造玻璃是通过成型模具制造而成，成型后的第一镜片的突出部侧壁与光轴可能不能严格地平行，例如突出部侧壁与光轴之间可能存在较大的夹角(即突出部侧壁倾角)。此时可以通过冷加工技术研磨第一镜片，使第一镜片的突起部侧壁与光轴的夹角小于15°。这样即可避免因突出部侧壁倾角过大而导致突出部的最大直径(即突出部根部的直径)过大。突出部根部的直径过大将导致显示屏的开孔孔径不得不增大。
进一步地，仍然参考图3，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述突出部111的顶面113具有光学区113a和过渡区113b，所述过渡区113b位于所述顶面113的边缘，所述过渡区113b可以附着油墨层。本实施例中，第一镜片110的形状特殊(例如其具有突出部111)，而模造玻璃在成型和开模的过程中，镜片的边缘处的成型精度可能难以控制。因此，本实施例中，在第一镜片110的突出部111的顶部113与侧壁114之间具有一过渡区113b，该过渡区113b可以设置(即附着)遮光材料，使得光线不能透过该区域，以减小该区域对光学成像的影响。优选地，该过渡区从所述突出部的侧壁向中心位置方向具有大约0.03-0.05mm的宽度(该宽度指径向尺寸，即垂直于光学镜头光轴的方向上的尺寸)。在其它实施例中，过渡区的宽度也可以是其它值，这具体取决于模造玻璃的成型精度。
进一步地，参考图4，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述突出部的横截面的直径L1可以为1.0-2.0mm。优选地，所述突出部的横截面的直径L1可以为1.2-1.6mm。上述参数范围可以适用于玻璃材质的第一镜片，但需要注意，这些参数范围并不限于玻璃材质，它们也可以适用于其它材质的第一镜片。
进一步地，仍然参考图4，本申请的一个实施例中，所述突出部的高度H1可以为0.3-1.2mm。优选地，所述突出部的高度H1可以为0.4-0.8mm。其中所述突出部的高度是所述第一表面的第一结构区到所述突出部的弧顶的高度，所述高度是沿着所述光学镜头的光轴方向上的尺寸。上述参数范围可以适用于玻璃材质的第一镜片，但需要注意，这些参数范围并不限于玻璃材质，它们也可以适用于其它材质的第一镜片。
进一步地，仍然参考图4，本申请的一个实施例中，所述第一镜片的总高H2可以为0.4-1.6mm。优选地，所述第一镜片的总高H2可以为0.6-1.2mm。其中所述第一镜片的总高是所述第二表面的第二结构区到所述突出部的弧顶的高度，所述高度是沿着所述光学镜头的光轴方向上的尺寸。上述参数范围可以适用于玻璃材质的第一镜片，但需要注意，这些参数范围并不限于玻璃材质，它们也可以适用于其它材质的第一镜片。参考图4，本实施例中，第一镜片的结构区厚度等于第一镜片总高H2-突出部高度H1。通常来说，第一镜片的结构区厚度越小，约有利于突出部111更充分地伸入显示屏的通光孔中。然而，如果结构区厚度过小，会造成第一镜片易于在夹持和移动过程中发生弯曲，可能导致主动校准不能达到预期效果，进而导致成像品质下降。具体来说，如果结构区厚度过小，夹具夹持第一镜片时，可能会导致第一镜片发生弯曲，尽管这个弯曲可能十分微小，但由于 光学系统(尤其是手机摄像模组的光学系统)十分精密和敏感，即便十分微小的第一镜片形变，也会导致感光芯片获得的成像结果变异，从而导致主动校准不能达到预期效果。
进一步地，仍然参考图4，本申请的一个实施例中，所述第一镜片的外径L2可以为3.0-4.0mm。优选地，所述第一镜片的外径L2可以为3.2-3.8mm。如果外径L2过小，可能导致可用于布置第一胶材的区域变小，影响粘结的稳固性和可靠性。而如果外径L2过大，则第一镜片易于在夹持和移动过程中发生弯曲，可能导致主动校准不能达到预期效果，进而导致成像品质下降。具体来说，如果第一镜片的外径L2过大，夹具夹持第一镜片时，可能会导致第一镜片发生弯曲，尽管这个弯曲可能十分微小，但由于光学系统(尤其是手机摄像模组的光学系统)十分精密和敏感，即便十分微小的第一镜片形变，也会导致感光芯片获得的成像结果变异，从而导致主动校准不能达到预期效果。上述参数范围可以适用于玻璃材质的第一镜片，但需要注意，这些参数范围并不限于玻璃材质，它们也可以适用于其它材质的第一镜片。
进一步地，结合参考图11，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述第二镜头部件的第二镜筒220的顶部向内延伸(指向光学系统的中心延伸)形成一进光孔222。该进光孔222为光束进入第二镜头部件的进光孔。为便于描述，将第二镜筒220的顶部向内延伸的部分称为延伸部221。该延伸部221的底面可以承靠第一个第二镜片，从而使第二镜片的组立更加稳固。本实施例中，第二镜筒220的延伸部221的孔径(即进光孔222的孔径)大小与光学镜头的成像光束在此处的直径有关，而成像光束在此处的的直径又与第一镜片的突出部111顶面113上的用于成像的光学区113a的直径相关联。延伸部的孔径过小会限制成像光束的通过，导致感光芯片所接收到的进光量减少，而该尺寸过大，则会导致本申请所述光学镜头的MTF值(或者其它可表征感光芯片输出图像的解像力的参数值)降低，并且会使得杂光的问题加重。光学镜头的成像光束受限制和因MTF值降低、杂光问题加重都可能导致成像品质下降。因此，本实施例中，第二镜筒220的延伸部221的孔径(即第二镜筒220的进光孔222的孔径)与光学区113a的直径的比值可以设置成0.80-1.25。进一步地，在一些实施方式中，由于成型工艺的限制，第一镜片的突出部111的顶面113上还具有一过渡区113b，由于该尺寸相对较小，因此第二镜筒220的延伸部221的孔径(即第二镜筒220的进光孔222的孔径)与突出部111的横截面直径的比值也可以约为0.80-1.25。类似地，图12和图13的实施例中，第二镜 筒220的进光孔222的孔径与突出部111的横截面直径的比值也优选为约0.80-1.25。
进一步地，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述第一镜片的突出部的横截面的直径小于第二镜筒外径的三分之一。其中第二镜筒外径是指第二镜筒外侧尺寸最大处的外径。第二镜筒外侧尺寸最大处一般位于第二镜筒的底部(即光学系统中靠近像方的一侧)。通常来说，多个第二镜片由小到大依次嵌入第二镜筒中，尺寸最大的镜片通常位于最底端，因此第二镜筒外侧尺寸最大处也一般位于第二镜筒的底部。但需要注意，在特殊情形下，此第二镜筒外侧尺寸最大处也可能位于其它位置。进一步地，在一个优选实施例中，所述第二镜筒的外径(即第二镜筒的外侧尺寸最大处的外径)不小于4mm。
进一步地，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述第一镜片的制作材料的折射率为1.48-1.55。所述第一镜片的阿贝数可以为50.0-70.1。第一镜片通常采用非球面，当所述第一镜片由玻璃材料制成时，第一镜片通常采用模造玻璃的工艺方法制成。由于模造玻璃需要使用模具对玻璃施压进行加工，通常模造玻璃制造双凹型的镜片对模具的损伤较大，因此第一镜片的第一表面(即物侧面)优选为凸面。本实施例中，第一片镜片相对横向尺寸具有较厚的厚度，与之相对应地，将镜片成型材料的折射率优选为1.48-1.55，第一镜片的阿贝数优选为50.0-70.1，可以更好地控制分体式镜头的成像品质。
进一步地，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述光学镜头的视场角(即FOV)大于60°。如前文所述，本申请的光学镜头具有第一镜片，且第一镜片具有突出部，该突出部可以伸入孔径较小的通光孔(指显示屏的通光孔)中，因此光学镜头的入光面(第一镜片的第一表面的光学区)可以更加接近显示屏的上表面，使光学镜头的视场角受显示屏小孔直径的影响相对更小。因此，本实施例中，光学镜头的视场角(即FOV)可以大于60°。优选地，光学镜头的视场角可以大于75°。
进一步地，本申请的一个实施例中，所述第一镜片的所述油墨层的厚度大于5μm。优选地，为使得油墨层具有较好的遮光效果，同时使油墨层的厚度对突出部111的高度H1影响较小，所述第一镜片的所述油墨层的厚度可以为15-30μm。
进一步地，本申请的一个实施例中，所述第一镜片中，所述突出部的侧面、所述第一表面的所述第一结构区、所述第一镜片的外侧面以及所述第二表面的所述第二结构区进行了表面粗糙化处理。表面粗糙化处理例如可以通过研磨的方式实现。对第一镜片的上述区域进行粗糙化处理，既可以减少杂光对镜头成像的影 响，又可以提高油墨层与镜片的结合强度，使镜头在使用过程中，油墨不易脱落，减小脏污对镜头成像的影响。本实施例中，粗糙化处理还可以使第一镜片的表面更易于粘合其它构件。在变形的实施例中，表面粗糙化处理的区域也可以是所述突出部的侧面、所述第一表面的所述第一结构区、所述第一镜片的外侧面以及所述第二表面的所述第二结构区中的一项、两项或三项。
进一步地，图14示出了本申请一个实施例的摄像模组的剖面示意图。参考图14，根据本申请的一个实施例，提供了一种摄像模组，该摄像模组包括光学镜头1000和感光组件2000。所述光学镜头1000安装于所述感光组件2000。具体来说，光学镜头1000可以通过第二胶材400粘合于感光组件2000。所述光学镜头可以是如图11所示的光学镜头，其具体结构此处不再赘述(需注意图14中示出了用于粘结SOMA片121和第一镜片110的胶材)。感光组件2000可以包括感光芯片2001、线路板2002、滤色片2003、镜座2004和电子元件2005。感光芯片2001粘贴于线路板2002的上表面。镜座2004安装于所述线路板2002的上表面并围绕在所述感光芯片2001的周围。镜座的顶面可以作为光学镜头1000的安装面。滤色片2003安装于镜座2004。线路板的上表面还可以安装电子元件2005。感光芯片2001和线路板2002之间可以通过引线结合(即wire bonding，也可以称为“打线”)工艺电连接。连接线可以是金线或者其它导电性能好的金属线。
进一步地，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述摄像模组的光学总长(TTL)可以为3.4-4.4mm。
进一步地，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述光学镜头中，所述第二镜筒的侧面可以具有切割面。参考图6，在本申请的一个实施例中，光学镜头1000包括第一镜片110和第二镜头部件。其中第二镜头部件包括第二镜筒220和安装在第二镜筒220内的多个第二镜片(图6中第二镜片被遮挡)。第一镜片110粘合于第二镜筒220的顶面。本实施例中，第二镜筒220的侧面223具有一个切割面224。这个切割面224可以使前置摄像模组被布置到更加靠近电子设备(例如手机)壳体的边框的位置处。图7a、7b、7c分别示出了三种第二镜筒切割方式的俯视示意图。具体来说，图7a示出了第二镜筒具有单个切割面的一个光学镜头示例的俯视示意图，图7b示出了第二镜筒具有两个切割面的一个光学镜头示例的俯视示意图，图7c示出了第二镜筒具有四个切割面的一个光学镜头示例的俯视示意图。图7a、7b、7c中，阴影部分表示被切割的区域。进一步地，图8a示出了将具有切割面的摄像模组设置于贴近手机边框位置的一个示例的示意图，图8b示出了将具有切割面的 摄像模组设置于贴近手机边框位置的另一个示例的示意图。可以看出，对第二镜筒的侧面进行切割，有助于将摄像模组设置到更加靠近手机边框的位置处。如图8a所示，前置摄像模组的光学镜头1000可以具有一个切割面，该切割面可以设置在贴近终端设备(例如手机)的顶部边框10处。如图8b所示，前置摄像模组的光学镜头1000可以具有四个切割面，其中顶部和右侧的切割面可以分别贴近终端设备(例如手机)的顶部边框10a和右侧边框10b设置。图8a、8b中，x、y坐标轴分别表示垂直于摄像模组光轴的平面(即显示屏表面所在的平面)上的直角坐标系的两个坐标轴。
进一步地，在另一个实施例中，所述第一镜片的外侧面也可以包括切割面，所述切割面可以是一个也可以是多个。其切割方式可以参考图7a、7b、7c。
进一步地，图15示出了本申请一个实施例中的屏下摄像组件的剖面示意图。参考图15，根据本申请的一个实施例，还提供了一种屏下摄像组件，其包括：显示屏3000和摄像模组(需注意，图15中仅示出其光学镜头，为示出其感光组件)。显示屏3000具有通光孔3002。具体来说，显示屏3000具有正面和背面，其中正面是显示图像的一面，背面是与之相反的一面。在屏下摄像组件中，显示屏3000具有通光孔3002，以便外界光线进入位于屏下的摄像模组。该通光孔3002可以是通孔也可以是盲孔。显示屏3000的正面可以覆盖透明盖板3001，在通光孔3002处，该盖板3001可以不打穿(如图15所示)。当盖板3001不打穿时，即盖板3001完整时，可以起到较好的防尘和保护作用。需要注意，在其它实施例中，在通光孔3002处盖板也可以被打穿。进一步地，本实施例中，所述摄像模组的光学镜头可以是如图11所示的光学镜头1000，该光学镜头具有第一镜片110，该第一镜片110具有突出部111。本实施例中，所述突出部111伸入所述通光孔3002内。所述显示屏3000还可以包括基板3003，该基板3003位于显示屏3000的背面，因该基板3003也可以称为背板。本实施例中，所述摄像模组的遮光构件可以位于所述基板3003的下方。在一个例子中，遮光构件的顶面可以位于所述基板3003的底面下方。遮光构件的顶面与基板3003的底面之间可以保留一微小间隙。本实施例的方案可以使得光学镜头的入光面更加接近显示屏的上表面(或者说更加接近于盖板)。这样，光学镜头可以获得更大的视场角，并且有助于在保证光学镜头进光量的前提下缩小显示屏通光孔的孔径，从而提升显示屏的视觉效果和用户体验。进一步地，本实施例中，所述突出部111与所述显示屏盖板3001(或者称为盖板层)之间的间隙可以为0.01-0.5mm。突出部111与所述显示屏盖板3001之间的间隙可以 理解为突出部111顶面的弧顶与所述显示屏盖板3001之间的间隙。本实施例中，第一镜片的非光学区还可以设置遮光层，具体内容可参考图3及前文中相应的实施例，此处不再赘述。在另一个例子中，遮光构件的顶面与所述基板3003的底面之间可以保留间隙，这种设计可以避免摄像模组(或光学镜头)和显示屏产生撞击。需注意，在本申请的其它实施例中，作为遮光构件的SOMA片也可以被如图12或图13所示实施例中的遮光构件替代。
图16示出了本申请另一个实施例中的屏下摄像组件的剖面示意图。参考图16，本申请的另一个实施例中，所述显示屏3000的所述基板3001(或背板)可以具有开孔3004且所述开孔3004的直径大于所述第一镜片110的外侧面(外侧面的含义可参考图11及相应实施例的描述)的直径。基板3003的所述开孔3004也可以称为安装孔。所述遮光构件(本实施例中遮光构件为粘贴于第一结构区的SOMA片)和所述第一镜片110的所述第一结构区可以位于所述开孔3004内。即，所述遮光构件和所述第一镜片110的外侧面的至少一部分置于所述基板3003的开孔3004(即安装孔)内。这种方案中，所述突出部111可以更充分地伸入显示屏3000的通光孔3002中，从而使得光学镜头的入光面更加接近显示屏的上表面(或者说更加接近于盖板)。这样，光学镜头可以获得更大的视场角，并且有助于在保证光学镜头进光量的前提下缩小显示屏通光孔的孔径，从而提升显示屏的视觉效果和用户体验。本实施例中，所述突出部与所述显示屏盖板(或者称为盖板层)之间的间隙可以为0.01-0.5mm。突出部111与所述显示屏盖板3001之间的间隙可以理解为突出部111顶面的弧顶与所述显示屏盖板3001之间的间隙。本实施例中，第一镜片的非光学区还可以设置遮光层，具体内容可参考图11及前文中相应的实施例，此处不再赘述。需注意，在本申请的其它实施例中，作为遮光构件的SOMA片也可以被如图12或图13所示实施例中的遮光构件替代。
上述实施例中，所述显示屏可以是OLED显示屏，也可以LCD显示屏。
进一步地，根据本申请的一个实施例，还提供了一种光学镜头制作方法，其包括下列步骤S1-S4。
步骤S1，准备彼此分离的第一镜片、第二镜头部件和遮光构件。仍然参考图11，第一镜片110具有位于物侧的第一表面112和位于像侧的第二表面117，其中所述第一表面112的中央区域向物侧凸起形成突出部111，所述突出部111的顶面113形成用于成像的光学区113a，第一表面112还具有围绕在所述突出部111周围的第一结构区115，所述突出部111的侧面114连接所述光学区113a和所述第一结 构区115。第二镜头部件200包括第二镜筒220和安装在所述第二镜筒220内侧的多个第二镜片210，其中多个第二镜片210与所述的第一镜片110共同构成可成像的光学系统。所述遮光构件包括一环形遮光部。
步骤S2，对第一镜片110和第二镜头部件200进行预定位。本步骤中，第一镜片110、第二镜头部件200和感光组件(可以是待组装的感光组件，也可以是主动校准设备所配备的感光组件或感光芯片)沿光轴排布，使第一镜片110及第二镜头部件200所组成的光学系统可成像。此时，第一镜片110和第二镜头部件200可以视为一分体式镜头。本实施例中，可以将第二镜头部件200置于载台，该载台可以具有通光孔，感光组件可以置于载台的通光孔下方。第一镜片110可以有六轴可动的夹具夹取并移动。其中六轴将在步骤S3中具体解释。夹具可以夹持第一镜片的外侧面来摄取和移动第一镜片110。在另一实施例中，夹具可以通过夹持突出部的侧面来摄取和移动第一镜片110。
步骤S3，进行主动校准。本步骤中，感光组件通电获取所述分体式镜头所成的图像，通过SFR、MTF等图像算法计算分体式镜头的成像品质及其调整量，根据调整量在六轴方向上的至少一个方向上实时主动调整第一镜头部件(本实施例中第一镜头部件即第一镜片110)和第二镜头部件之间的相对位置。一次或多次调整后使分体式镜头的成像品质(主要包含峰值、场曲、像散等光学参数)达到目标值。其中，六轴方向可以是x、y、z、u、v、w方向，其中x、y、z方向为水平及垂直方向，即三维直角坐标系中三个坐标轴的方向，u、v、w方向分别是绕x、y、z轴旋转的方向。
步骤S4，最后通过第一胶材300粘合第一镜片110和第二镜头部件200。第一胶材300固化后可以使第一镜片300和第二镜头部件200维持在主动校准所确定的相对位置。
步骤S5，将所述遮光构件与所述第一镜片和所述第二镜头部件的结合体粘结，并使所述环形遮光部设置于所述第一结构区的上方。
上述实施例中，第一胶材的布设可以在预定位(即步骤S2)之前执行，也可以在主动校准(即步骤S3)完成后执行。当第一胶材的布设在主动校准(即步骤S3)完成后执行时，先移开第一镜头部件，然后在第二镜头部件(第二镜筒的顶面)上布设第二胶材，然后再执行步骤S4，使第一胶材固化。在本申请中第一胶材适于通过可见光、紫外线、烘烤等方式中的至少一种进行固化。
进步一地，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述步骤S1中，所述遮光构件可以为 第一镜筒，其中所述第一镜筒的顶部向所述第一镜片延伸形成所述环形遮光部。所述步骤S5中，可以将所述第一镜筒通过第三胶材粘结至所述第二镜筒，其中第三胶材布置于所述第二镜筒的顶面，且所述第三胶材环绕于所述第一镜片的外侧。
进步一地，在本申请的另一个实施例中，所述步骤S1中，所述遮光构件为环形SOMA片。所述步骤S5中，将所述SOMA片的底面粘结于所述第一结构区。
进步一地，在本申请的又一个实施例中，所述步骤S1中，所述遮光构件包括环形支撑件和SOMA片，其中所述SOMA片呈环形并构成所述环形遮光部。所述步骤S5中，将所述环形支撑件的底面粘结于所述第二镜筒的顶面，使所述环形支撑件围绕所述第一镜片，然后在所述环形支撑件的顶面粘结所述SOMA片。
进一步地，在本申请的一个实施例中，所述步骤S1中，通过模造玻璃工艺制作所述第一镜片，通过切削或打磨等去除工艺加工所述突出部，使得所述突出部的侧面与所述光学镜头的光轴之间的夹角小于15°。
进一步地，根据本申请的一个实施例，还提供了一种摄像模组制作方法，其包括步骤a和步骤b。
步骤a，根据前述实施例中的光学镜头制作方法(步骤S1-S4)制作光学镜头。
步骤b，将所述光学镜头与感光组件组装在一起得到摄像模组。
其中，所述步骤b中，基于主动校准工艺，通过第二胶材将所述光学镜头与所述感光组件粘合在一起。在一个实施例中，可以先组装光学镜头，然后再将光学镜头与感光组件组装。将光学镜头与感光组件组装的工艺可以是传统的主动校准工艺(AA工艺，指不调整光学系统本身的主动校准工艺，即通过调整光学镜头与感光组件之间的相对位置的方式将镜头与感光组件粘接固定)，也可以是传统的支架贴附工艺(HA工艺，即直接通过视觉识别等机械定位的方式将镜头直接贴附于感光组件)。
进一步地，在本申请的另一个实施例中，所述步骤b中，可以在所述第二镜头部件与所述感光组件之间进行主动校准。并且，所述步骤S3中的所述第一镜片和所述第二镜头部件之间的主动校准，与所述步骤b中的所述第二镜头部件与所述感光组件之间的主动校准可以同时执行。然后再分别粘合所述第一镜片和所述第二镜头部件(可以通过第一胶材粘合)以及所述第二镜头部件与所述感光组件(可以通过第二胶材粘合)，从而构成完整的摄像模组。
以上描述仅为本申请的较佳实施方式以及对所运用技术原理的说明。本领域技术人员应当理解，本申请中所涉及的发明范围，并不限于上述技术特征的特定组合而成的技术方案，同时也应涵盖在不脱离所述发明构思的情况下，由上述技术特征或其等同特征进行任意组合而形成的其它技术方案。例如上述特征与本申请中公开的(但不限于)具有类似功能的技术特征进行互相替换而形成的技术方案。

Claims (46)

  1. 一种光学镜头，其特征在于，包括：
    第一镜片，所述第一镜片具有位于物侧的第一表面和位于像侧的第二表面，其中所述第一表面的中央区域向物侧凸起形成突出部，所述突出部的顶面形成用于成像的光学区，所述第一表面还具有围绕在所述突出部周围的第一结构区，所述突出部的侧面连接所述光学区和所述第一结构区；以及
    第二镜头部件，其包括第二镜筒和安装在所述第二镜筒内侧的至少一个第二镜片，其中所述至少一个第二镜片与所述第一镜片共同构成可成像的光学系统；
    其中，所述第一镜片的所述第二表面与所述第二镜筒的顶面粘结。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述第一镜片的中轴线与所述第二镜头部件的中轴线具有不为零的夹角。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述第二表面与所述第二镜筒的顶面通过第一胶材粘结，所述第一胶材固化后支撑所述第一镜片和所述第二镜头部件，使得所述第一镜片和所述第二镜头部件的相对位置维持在主动校准所确定的相对位置，其中所述主动校准是根据所述光学系统的实际成像结果来对所述第一镜片和所述第二镜头部件的相对位置进行调整的过程。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述突出部的侧面、所述第一结构区以及所述第一镜片的外侧面均附着遮光层。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述第二表面具有用于成像的光学区和围绕所述光学区的第二结构区，所述第二结构区附着遮光层。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述第一镜片为单个镜片或者是多个子镜片互相嵌合而成的复合镜片，所述第二镜片具有多个并 且多个所述第二镜片通过所述第二镜筒组立在一起。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述第一镜片为模造玻璃镜片。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述突出部的顶面具有过渡区，所述过渡区位于所述顶面的边缘，所述过渡区附着遮光层。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述突出部的横截面的直径为1.0-2.0mm。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述突出部的横截面的直径为1.2-1.6mm。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述突出部的高度为0.3-1.2mm。
  12. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述突出部的高度为0.4-0.8mm。
  13. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述突出部的侧面与所述光学镜头的光轴之间的夹角小于15°。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述第一镜片的制作材料的折射率为1.48-1.55。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述第一镜片的阿贝数为50.0-70.1。
  16. 根据权利要求11所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述第一镜片的总高为0.4-1.6mm。
  17. 根据权利要求12所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述第一镜片的总高为0.6-1.2mm。
  18. 根据权利要求9所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述第一镜片的外径为3.0-4.0mm。
  19. 根据权利要求10所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述第一镜片的外径为3.2-3.8mm。
  20. 根据权利要求5所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述遮光层的厚度大于5μm。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述遮光层的厚度为15-30μm。
  22. 根据权利要求5所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述突出部的侧面、所述第一结构区、所述第一镜片的外侧面以及所述第二结构区中的一项或多项进行了表面粗糙化处理。
  23. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述第二镜筒或所述第一镜片的外侧面包括至少一个切割面。
  24. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述光学镜头的视场角大于60°。
  25. 根据权利要求1所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述第二镜筒的进光孔的孔径与所述突出部的横截面的直径的比值为0.80-1.25。
  26. 根据权利要求1所述光学镜头，其特征在于，所述光学镜头还包括遮光构件，其包括环形遮光部，并且所述环形遮光部设置于所述第一结构区 的上方。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述遮光构件为环形SOMA片，所述SOMA片粘结于所述第一结构区。
  28. 根据权利要求26所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述遮光构件为第一镜筒，所述第一镜筒的底面粘结于所述第二镜筒的顶面，所述第一镜筒的顶部向所述第一镜片延伸形成所述环形遮光部。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述环形遮光部与所述第一结构区之间不设置胶材。
  30. 根据权利要求26所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述遮光构件包括环形支撑件和SOMA片，所述环形支撑件围绕在所述第一镜片，所述环形支撑件的底面粘结于所述第二镜筒的顶面，所述环形支撑件的顶面粘结所述SOMA片，所述SOMA片呈环形，并且所述SOMA片构成所述环形遮光部。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的光学镜头，其特征在于，所述SOMA片与所述第一结构区之间不设置胶材。
  32. 一种摄像模组，其特征在于，包括：
    权利要求1-31中任意一项所述的光学镜头；以及
    感光组件，所述光学镜头安装于所述感光组件。
  33. 根据权利要求32所述的摄像模组，其特征在于，所述摄像模组的光学总长为3.4-4.4mm。
  34. 一种屏下摄像组件，其特征在于，包括：
    显示屏，其具有通光孔；以及
    权利要求32或33所述的摄像模组，其中所述摄像模组的所述突出部伸入所述通光孔内。
  35. 根据权利要求34所述的屏下摄像组件，其特征在于，所述显示屏包括基板，所述摄像模组的所述第一结构区位于所述基板的底面下方。
  36. 根据权利要求34所述的屏下摄像组件，其特征在于，所述显示屏包括基板，所述基板具有开孔且所述开孔的直径大于所述第一镜片的外侧面的直径，所述第一结构区位于所述开孔内。
  37. 一种光学镜头制作方法，其特征在于，包括：
    1)准备彼此分离的第一镜片和第二镜头部件；其中所述第一镜片具有位于物侧的第一表面和位于像侧的第二表面，其中所述第一表面的中央区域向物侧凸起形成突出部，所述突出部的顶面形成用于成像的光学区，第一表面还具有围绕在所述突出部周围的第一结构区，所述突出部的侧面连接所述光学区和所述第一结构区；所述第二镜头部件，其包括第二镜筒和安装在所述第二镜筒内侧的至少一个第二镜片；
    2)对所述第一镜片和所述第二镜头部件进行预定位，使得所述至少一个第二镜片与所述第一镜片共同构成可成像的光学系统；
    3)对所述第一镜片和所述第二镜头部件进行主动校准；以及
    4)将所述第一镜片的底面与所述第二镜筒的顶面粘合，使得所述第一镜片和所述第二镜头部件的相对位置维持在主动校准所确定的相对位置。
  38. 根据权利要求37所述的光学镜头制作方法，其特征在于，所述步骤1)中，通过模造玻璃工艺制作所述第一镜片，通过切削或打磨工艺加工所述突出部，使得所述突出部的侧面与所述光学镜头的光轴之间的夹角小于15°。
  39. 一种摄像模组制作方法，其特征在于，包括：
    a)根据权利要求37或38所述的光学镜头制作方法制作光学镜头；以及
    b)将所述光学镜头与感光组件组装在一起得到摄像模组。
  40. 根据权利要求39所述的摄像模组制作方法，其特征在于，所述步骤 b)中，基于主动校准工艺，通过第二胶材将所述光学镜头与所述感光组件粘合在一起。
  41. 根据权利要求39所述的摄像模组制作方法，其特征在于，所述步骤b)中，在所述第二镜头部件与所述感光组件之间进行主动校准，并且，所述步骤3)中的所述第一镜片和所述第二镜头部件之间的主动校准，与所述步骤b)中的所述第二镜头部件与所述感光组件之间的主动校准同时执行。
  42. 一种光学镜头制作方法，其特征在于，包括：
    1)准备彼此分离的第一镜片、第二镜头部件和遮光构件；其中所述第一镜片具有位于物侧的第一表面和位于像侧的第二表面，其中所述第一表面的中央区域向物侧凸起形成突出部，所述突出部的顶面形成用于成像的光学区，第一表面还具有围绕在所述突出部周围的第一结构区，所述突出部的侧面连接所述光学区和所述第一结构区；所述第二镜头部件，其包括第二镜筒和安装在所述第二镜筒内侧的至少一个第二镜片；所述遮光构件包括环形遮光部；
    2)对所述第一镜片和所述第二镜头部件进行预定位，使得所述至少一个第二镜片与所述第一镜片共同构成可成像的光学系统；
    3)对所述第一镜片和所述第二镜头部件进行主动校准；
    4)将所述第一镜片的底面与所述第二镜筒的顶面粘合，使得所述第一镜片和所述第二镜头部件的相对位置维持在主动校准所确定的相对位置；以及
    5)将所述遮光构件与所述第一镜片和所述第二镜头部件的结合体粘结，并使所述环形遮光部设置于所述第一结构区的上方。
  43. 根据权利要求42所述的光学镜头制作方法，其特征在于，所述步骤1)中，所述遮光构件为第一镜筒，其中所述第一镜筒的顶部向所述第一镜片延伸形成所述环形遮光部；
    所述步骤5)中，将所述第一镜筒通过第三胶材粘结至所述第二镜筒，其中第三胶材布置于所述第二镜筒的顶面，且所述第三胶材环绕于所述第一镜片的外侧。
  44. 根据权利要求42所述的光学镜头制作方法，其特征在于，所述步骤1)中，所述遮光构件为环形SOMA片；
    所述步骤5)中，将所述SOMA片的底面粘结于所述第一结构区。
  45. 根据权利要求42所述的光学镜头制作方法，其特征在于，所述步骤1)中，所述遮光构件包括环形支撑件和SOMA片，其中所述SOMA片呈环形并构成所述环形遮光部；
    所述步骤5)中，将所述环形支撑件的底面粘结于所述第二镜筒的顶面，使所述环形支撑件围绕所述第一镜片，然后在所述环形支撑件的顶面粘结所述SOMA片。
  46. 一种摄像模组制作方法，其特征在于，包括：
    a)根据权利要求42-45中任意一项所述的光学镜头制作方法制作光学镜头；以及
    b)将所述光学镜头与感光组件组装在一起得到摄像模组。
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