WO2021022860A1 - 刚性环面组合柔性基面的活塞式阀芯结构及其方法 - Google Patents

刚性环面组合柔性基面的活塞式阀芯结构及其方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021022860A1
WO2021022860A1 PCT/CN2020/089866 CN2020089866W WO2021022860A1 WO 2021022860 A1 WO2021022860 A1 WO 2021022860A1 CN 2020089866 W CN2020089866 W CN 2020089866W WO 2021022860 A1 WO2021022860 A1 WO 2021022860A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve core
flexible base
piston
base surface
rigid ring
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PCT/CN2020/089866
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
钱锦远
母娟
侯聪伟
金志江
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浙江大学
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Application filed by 浙江大学 filed Critical 浙江大学
Priority to US17/253,627 priority Critical patent/US11353138B1/en
Publication of WO2021022860A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021022860A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K39/00—Devices for relieving the pressure on the sealing faces
    • F16K39/02—Devices for relieving the pressure on the sealing faces for lift valves
    • F16K39/022—Devices for relieving the pressure on the sealing faces for lift valves using balancing surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32—Details
    • F16K1/34—Cutting-off parts, e.g. valve members, seats
    • F16K1/36—Valve members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32—Details
    • F16K1/34—Cutting-off parts, e.g. valve members, seats
    • F16K1/46—Attachment of sealing rings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00—Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/32—Details
    • F16K1/54—Arrangements for modifying the way in which the rate of flow varies during the actuation of the valve

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a piston type valve core structure, in particular to a piston type valve core structure with a rigid ring surface combined with a flexible base surface and a method for overcoming an unbalanced moment.
  • the pressure on the bottom surface of the spool shows obvious imbalance, and the pressure on the bottom surface of the spool near the fluid outlet side is greater than the pressure on the fluid inlet side.
  • the unbalanced pressure distribution causes an unbalanced moment on the bottom surface of the valve core, and causes the valve core wall to squeeze against the seal, which not only increases drive energy consumption, affects the sealing performance, but may even cause valve leakage under large flow conditions Invalidate.
  • Chinese invention patent CN108317298A discloses a low-leakage pilot-operated single-seat regulating valve spool structure.
  • the lower end of the valve stem serves as a small spool part and the valve stem shoulder is processed with flow passages to communicate with the inner cavity of the spool It is connected to the inlet flow path of the valve to reduce the unbalanced force experienced by the small valve core when it is opened.
  • the spool structure is more complicated and not universal.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to solve the phenomenon of unbalanced forces on the existing piston-type valve core, and to provide a piston-type valve core structure with a rigid ring surface combined with a flexible base surface.
  • a piston type valve core structure with a rigid ring surface combined with a flexible base surface which comprises a connecting piece and a piston type valve core, a flexible base surface, a rigid ring surface and a connecting piece that are superimposed and assembled from top to bottom;
  • the piston type valve The bottom surface of the core is flat; the edge of the flexible base surface is thin and thick in the middle, and the top surface is attached to the bottom surface of the piston valve core, and the bottom surface is an ellipsoidal convex surface;
  • the flexible base surface is made of flexible material, which can deform when the bottom surface is subjected to external force.
  • the rigid ring surface is a stepped ring in cross section, and its bottom surface is used as the contact surface between the valve core structure and the valve seat; the rigid ring surface is coaxially arranged on the edge of the bottom surface of the flexible base surface, and a piston valve core
  • the bottom surface is the reference, and the convex height of the center of the ellipsoidal convex surface of the flexible base surface is greater than that of the rigid annular surface; the connecting piece is used to connect the piston-type valve core, the flexible base surface and the rigid annular surface to assemble it into a whole .
  • the connecting piece is a connecting screw
  • the bottom surface of the piston-type valve core is provided with a number of threaded holes in the circumferential direction;
  • the bottom of the flexible base surface is provided with a number of first through holes corresponding to the threaded holes;
  • the rigid ring A number of second through holes are opened on the bottom of the surface corresponding to the threaded holes; each group of coaxial threaded holes, first through holes and second through holes are screwed into connecting screws to achieve fixation.
  • the material of the flexible base surface is a polyurethane material.
  • the bottom surface of the rigid ring surface is a step surface matching the top surface of the lower valve seat, and the bottom surface of the rigid ring surface and the top surface of the valve seat can be hermetically engaged.
  • the outer diameters of the piston-type valve core, the flexible base surface and the rigid annular surface are equal.
  • the second through hole of the rigid annular surface is a countersunk hole
  • the diameter of the countersunk hole is greater than the diameter of the screw head of the connecting screw
  • the depth of the countersunk hole is greater than the thickness of the screw head of the connecting screw.
  • the number of the threaded holes, the first through holes, and the second through holes are all eight; the connecting piece is a countersunk screw, and the number is eight.
  • the diameters of the threaded holes, the first through holes, and the second through holes are equal.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for overcoming the unbalanced moment using the piston-type valve core structure of any one of the above solutions.
  • the specific process is: mounting the piston-type valve core structure on the valve seat, wherein The bottom surface of the rigid ring surface serves as the sealing contact surface between the valve core structure and the valve seat; after the valve is opened, when the fluid flows out through the gap between the rigid ring surface and the valve seat, the fluid directly acts on the bottom surface of the flexible base surface.
  • the surface is subjected to different magnitudes of fluid force at different parts, and then produces different degrees of deformation, so as to absorb the unbalanced moment originally acting on the bottom surface of the valve core, and achieve the balance of the pressure distribution on the bottom surface of the piston valve core.
  • the flexible base surface is rotated by 90° after every certain period of use.
  • the piston valve core structure of the present invention with a rigid toroidal surface combined with a flexible base surface can overcome the bottom surface of the piston valve core through the good elastic properties of the flexible base surface and different degrees of deformation in the parts subjected to different pressures. The unbalanced torque.
  • the piston valve core structure of the present invention with a rigid ring surface combined with a flexible base surface adopts a stepped surface at the contact surface of the valve core structure and the valve seat to prevent leakage caused by the change of the valve core structure and ensure the valve Sealing performance.
  • the present invention has simple structure and convenient manufacture, and is suitable for most valves with a circular valve core structure.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of a piston valve core structure with a rigid ring surface combined with a flexible base surface involved in the new type when it is closed;
  • Figure 2 is a bottom view of a piston-type valve core structure with a rigid ring surface combined with a flexible base surface involved in the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the unbalanced torque experienced by two spools; among them (a) is a schematic diagram of the fluid distribution and the unbalanced torque experienced by the valve spool when a general piston spool is opened; (b) is the one involved in the present invention A schematic diagram of the fluid distribution and the deformation of the flexible base surface to overcome the unbalanced moment when the piston-type valve core structure with a rigid ring surface combined with a flexible base surface is opened;
  • FIG. 1 and 2 it is a piston type valve core structure with a rigid ring surface combined with a flexible base surface in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • the piston type valve core structure is used for mounting on the valve seat 5. Used above.
  • the main structure includes a connecting piece 2 and a piston valve core 1, a flexible base surface 4, and a rigid ring surface 3 which are stacked and assembled from top to bottom.
  • the piston-type valve core 1 is a cylinder with a flat bottom surface.
  • the flexible base surface 4 is an irregular convex surface with thin edges and a thick middle. Its top surface is flat and fits with the bottom surface of the piston valve core 1, while the middle part of the bottom surface is a semi-ellipsoidal convex surface with a ring on the bottom surface. The edge is used as a fixed part.
  • the flexible base surface 4 is made of flexible material and can deform when the bottom surface is subjected to external force. In this embodiment, the material of the flexible base surface 4 is a polyurethane material.
  • the rigid ring surface 3 is a ring body with a stepped cross section, and its bottom surface serves as the contact surface between the valve core structure and the valve seat 5.
  • the rigid ring surface 3 is coaxially arranged on the bottom edge of the flexible base surface 4.
  • the outer diameters of the piston valve core 1, the flexible base surface 4 and the rigid annular surface 3 are equal.
  • the connecting piece 2 is used to connect the piston-type valve core 1, the flexible base surface 4 and the rigid ring surface 3 to be assembled into a whole.
  • the bottom surface of the rigid ring surface 3 is a step surface matching the top surface of the lower valve seat 5, and the bottom surface of the rigid ring surface 3 serves as the contact surface with the top surface of the valve seat 5. It can be sealed and locked. Of course, this kind of clamping is not fixed, and it can be adjusted between the sealed or unsealed state according to the opening and closing of the valve.
  • the bottom surface of the rigid ring surface 3 serves as a certain distance from the top surface of the valve seat 5 to form a channel for fluid to flow out.
  • a flexible base surface 4 is added to absorb the unbalanced torque.
  • the principle is that through the good elastic performance of the flexible base surface, different degrees of deformation occur in the parts subjected to different pressures, and then Absorb the unbalanced moment originally acting on the bottom surface of the valve core.
  • FIG 3b in the piston valve core structure of the present invention with a rigid ring surface combined with a flexible base surface, when the valve core structure is opened, fluid flows out through the gap between the rigid ring surface 3 and the valve seat 5, and the fluid distribution is not Uniformity results in different pressures generated by the fluid on different parts of the bottom surface of the flexible base surface 4, resulting in different degrees of deformation in different parts of the flexible base surface 4.
  • the flexible base surface 4 in order to enable the flexible base surface 4 to use its own elasticity to absorb the unbalanced moment, the flexible base surface 4 should be as protruding as possible than the rigid annular surface 3.
  • the convex height of the center of the ellipsoidal convex surface of the flexible base surface 4 should be greater than the convex height of the rigid annular surface 3, that is, the bottom surface center of the flexible base surface 4 is more rigid than the rigid ring surface.
  • the height of the bottom surface of the annular surface 3 is lower, which prevents the rigid annular surface 3 from causing disturbance to the fluid and introducing a new unbalanced moment.
  • the specific protrusion height of the flexible base surface 4 can be tested and adjusted as required.
  • the connecting piece 2 uses a connecting screw. Therefore, the bottom surface of the piston valve core 1 has 8 threaded holes evenly distributed in the circumferential direction; the bottom of the flexible base surface 4 is provided with 8 first through holes corresponding to the threaded holes; the bottom of the rigid annular surface 3 is provided with 8 second through holes corresponding to the threaded holes.
  • the connecting screws are countersunk screws, and the number is also 8.
  • the second through hole of the rigid torus 3 is a countersunk hole, the diameter of the countersunk hole is greater than the diameter of the screw head of the connecting screw, and the depth of the countersunk hole is greater than the thickness of the screw head of the connecting screw, so that the screw is built into the hole.
  • the diameter of the threaded hole, the first through hole, and the second through hole are preferably kept equal. Connecting screws are screwed into each group of coaxial threaded holes, first through holes and second through holes to achieve fixation. Of course, the specific number of screws and holes can also be adjusted as needed. Similarly, in addition to screw connection, other connectors can also be used for connection.
  • a method for overcoming the unbalanced moment in a valve is provided.
  • the method is as follows: install the piston-type valve core structure on the valve seat 5 for use, wherein the bottom surface of the rigid ring surface 3 serves as the valve The sealing contact surface between the core structure and the valve seat 5; after the valve is opened, when the fluid flows out through the gap between the rigid ring surface 3 and the valve seat 5, the fluid directly acts on the bottom surface of the flexible base surface 4, and the flexible base surface 4 is Different parts are subjected to different magnitudes of fluid force, thereby producing different degrees of deformation, thereby absorbing the unbalanced moment originally acting on the bottom surface of the valve core, and achieving a balance of pressure distribution on the bottom surface of the piston valve core 1.
  • the flexible base 4 can be rotated 90° in a fixed direction to ensure the effect of overcoming the unbalanced moment. After three rotations, replace with a new flexible base surface 4.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lift Valve (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种刚性环面组合柔性基面的活塞式阀芯结构及其方法，该阀芯结构包括从上到下依次叠加装配的活塞式阀芯（1）、柔性基面（4）、刚性环面（3）和连接件（2）；活塞式阀芯底面为平面；柔性基面边缘薄中间厚，其顶面贴合活塞式阀芯底面，底面为椭球形凸面；柔性基面采用柔性材料制成，在底面受到外力作用时能够发生形变；刚性环面为一个横断面呈台阶状的环体，其底面作为阀芯结构与阀座（5）的接触面；刚性环面同轴布置于柔性基面的底面边缘，且以活塞式阀芯底面为基准，柔性基面的椭球形凸面的中心凸出高度大于刚性环面的凸出高度；连接件用于连接各结构使其装配成整体。该结构能够用于克服阀芯底面的不平衡力矩，且结构简单，可进行广泛推广应用。

Description

刚性环面组合柔性基面的活塞式阀芯结构及其方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种活塞式阀芯结构，尤其涉及一种刚性环面组合柔性基面的活塞式阀芯结构及其克服不平衡力矩方法。
背景技术
在水平布置的采用活塞式阀芯结构的阀门中，其阀芯底面受力表现出明显的不均衡现象，阀芯底面下表面靠近流体出口侧方向受到的压力大于靠近流体入口侧方向受到的压力，压力分布不均衡使得阀芯底面处产生一个不平衡力矩，并导致阀芯壁面对密封处产生挤压，不仅增加驱动能耗、影响密封性能，在大流量工况下甚至会导致阀门的泄漏失效。
目前市面上的活塞式阀门结构中，缺乏针对阀芯受到的不平衡力矩的改进设计。中国发明专利CN108317298A公开了一种低泄漏先导式单座调节阀阀芯结构，该结构在阀杆下端充当小阀芯的部分以及阀杆肩部均加工有流道，用于沟通阀芯内腔与阀门进口流道，以减小小阀芯开启时所受的不平衡力。但该阀芯结构较为复杂，且不具有普适性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于解决现有活塞式阀芯受力不平衡的现象，提供了一种刚性环面组合柔性基面的活塞式阀芯结构。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种刚性环面组合柔性基面的活塞式阀芯结构，其包括连接件和从上到下依次叠加装配的活塞式阀芯、柔性基面、刚性环面和连接件；所述活塞式阀芯底面为平面；所述柔性基面边缘薄中间厚，其顶面贴合活塞式阀芯底面，底面为椭球形凸面；柔性基面采用柔性材料制成，在底面受到外力作用时能够发生形变；所述刚性环面为一个横断面呈台阶状的环体，其底面作为阀芯结构与阀座的接触面；刚性环面同轴布置于柔性基面的底面边缘，且以活塞式阀芯底面为基准，柔性基面的椭球形凸面的中心凸出高度大于刚性环面的凸出高度；所述连接件用于连接活塞式阀芯、柔性基面和刚性环面，使其装配成整体。
作为优选，所述的连接件为连接螺钉，所述活塞式阀芯底面周向均布有若干螺纹孔；所述柔性基面底部与所述螺纹孔对应开设有若干第一通孔；所述刚性环面底部与所述螺纹孔对应开设有若干第二通孔；每组同轴的螺纹孔、第一通孔和第二通孔中拧入连接螺钉实现固定。
作为优选，所述柔性基面的材料为聚氨酯材料。
作为优选，所述刚性环面的底面为与下方阀座的顶面匹配的台阶面，刚性环面的底面与阀座的顶面能够密封卡合。
作为优选，所述活塞式阀芯、柔性基面和刚性环面的外径相等。
进一步的，所述刚性环面的第二通孔为沉头孔，沉头孔直径大于连接螺钉的螺丝头直径，沉头孔深度大于连接螺钉的螺丝头厚度。
更进一步的，所述螺纹孔、第一通孔、第二通孔的数量均为8个；所述连接件为沉头螺钉，数量为8个。
进一步的，所述的螺纹孔、第一通孔、第二通孔的孔径相等。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种利用上述任一方案所述活塞式阀芯结构的克服不平衡力矩方法，其具体过程为：将所述的活塞式阀芯结构安装于阀座上，其中刚性环面的底面作为阀芯结构与阀座的密封接触面；阀门开启后，在流体经由刚性环面与阀座之间的空隙流出过程中，流体直接作用于柔性基面的底面，柔性基面在不同部位受到不同大小的流体力，进而产生不同程度的形变，从而吸收原本作用于阀芯底面的不平衡力矩，实现活塞式阀芯底面受压分布的均衡。
作为优选，每使用一定时间后将柔性基面旋转90°。
本发明的上述技术方案相比现有技术具有以下优点：
(1)本发明的一种刚性环面组合柔性基面的活塞式阀芯结构，通过柔性基面良好的弹性性能，在受到不同压力的部位发生不同程度的形变，来克服活塞式阀芯底面的不平衡力矩。
(2)本发明的一种刚性环面组合柔性基面的活塞式阀芯结构，在阀芯结构与阀座的接触面处采用阶梯面，防止阀芯结构的改变引起泄漏，保证了阀门的密封性能。
(3)本发明结构简单，制造方便，适用于大多数具有圆形阀芯结构的阀门。
附图说明
图1为本使用新型所涉及的一种刚性环面组合柔性基面的活塞式阀芯结构关闭时的剖视图；
图2为本发明所涉及的一种刚性环面组合柔性基面的活塞式阀芯结构的仰视图；
图3为两种阀芯所受的不平衡力矩的示意图；其中(a)为一般活塞式阀芯开启时流体分布与阀芯所受不平衡力矩的示意图；(b)为本发明所涉及的一种刚性环面组合柔性基面的活塞式阀芯结构开启时流体分布与柔性基面发生形变克服不平衡力矩的示意图；
图中附图标记为：1、活塞式阀芯；2、连接件；3、刚性环面；4、柔性基面；5、阀座。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明进行进一步说明。
如图1、图2所示，为本发明的一个较佳实施例中的一种刚性环面组合柔性基面的活塞式阀芯结构，该活塞式阀芯结构用于安装在阀座5的上方使用。其主体结构包括连接件2和从上到下依次叠加装配的活塞式阀芯1、柔性基面4、刚性环面3。
其中，活塞式阀芯1呈圆柱体，底面为平面。柔性基面4是一个边缘薄中间厚的不规则凸面体，其顶面为平面，与活塞式阀芯1的底面相贴合，而底面的中间部分为半椭球形凸面，底面的一圈环形边缘用于作为固定部分。柔性基面4采用柔性材料制成，在底面受到外力作用时能够发生形变。本实施例中，柔性基面4的材料为聚氨酯材料。
另外，刚性环面3为一个横断面呈台阶状的环体，其底面作为阀芯结构与阀座5的接触面。刚性环面3同轴贴合布置于柔性基面4的底面边缘。活塞式阀芯1、柔性基面4和刚性环面3的外径相等。连接件2用于连接活塞式阀芯1、柔性基面4和刚性环面3，使其装配成整体。
上述活塞式阀芯结构中，刚性环面3的底面为与下方阀座5的顶面匹配的台阶面，刚性环面3的底面作为与阀座5的顶面的接触面，两个面应当能够密封卡合。当然，这种卡合并非固定的，其根据阀门的开闭可以在密封或者不密封状态 间调整。当阀门开启时，刚性环面3的底面作为与阀座5的顶面之间保持一定距离，形成供流体流出的通道。
如图3a所示，在一般活塞式阀芯结构中，当活塞式阀芯1开启时，流体经由活塞式阀芯1与阀座5之间的空隙流出，流体分布不均匀导致流体对活塞式阀芯1底面不同部位产生的压力大小不同，最终使得活塞式阀芯1受到一个不平衡力矩，产生如图3a所示的翻转趋势。
而在本发明的阀芯结构中，增设了一个柔性基面4对不平衡力矩进行消纳，其原理是通过柔性基面良好的弹性性能，在受到不同压力的部位发生不同程度的形变，进而吸收原本作用于阀芯底面的不平衡力矩。如图3b所示，在本发明刚性环面组合柔性基面的活塞式阀芯结构中，当阀芯结构开启时，流体经由刚性环面3与阀座5之间的空隙流出，流体分布不均匀导致流体对柔性基面4底面不同部位产生的压力大小不同，从而造成柔性基面4不同部位产生不同程度的形变。原本作用于活塞式阀芯1底面的不平衡力矩被柔性基面4的弹性形变吸收，活塞式阀芯1底面受到的压力分布变得均衡，不平衡力矩得以克服。
基于上述原理，为了使柔性基面4能够利用其自身弹性实现不平衡力矩的吸收，柔性基面4应当尽量比刚性环面3更加突出。具体可以参见图1，以活塞式阀芯1底面为基准，柔性基面4的椭球形凸面的中心凸出高度应当大于刚性环面3的凸出高度，即柔性基面4的底面中心比刚性环面3的底面高度更低，防止刚性环面3对流体造成扰动进而引入新的不平衡力矩。柔性基面4的具体突出高度可以根据需要进行试验调整。
另外，在本实施例中，为了装配方便，连接件2采用连接螺钉。因此，活塞式阀芯1底面周向均布有8个螺纹孔；柔性基面4底部与螺纹孔对应开设有8第一通孔；刚性环面3底部与螺纹孔对应开设有8第二通孔。连接螺钉采用沉头螺钉，数量也为8个。刚性环面3的第二通孔为沉头孔，沉头孔直径大于连接螺钉的螺丝头直径，沉头孔深度大于连接螺钉的螺丝头厚度，使得螺钉被内置于孔内。螺纹孔、第一通孔、第二通孔的孔径最好保持相等。每组同轴的螺纹孔、第一通孔和第二通孔中拧入连接螺钉实现固定。当然，具体的螺钉数、孔数也可以根据需要进行调整。同样的，除了螺钉连接之外，也可以采用其他的连接件进行连接。
基于上述活塞式阀芯结构，提供了一种在阀门中克服不平衡力矩方法，其做 法为：将该活塞式阀芯结构安装于阀座5上进行使用，其中刚性环面3的底面作为阀芯结构与阀座5的密封接触面；阀门开启后，在流体经由刚性环面3与阀座5之间的空隙流出过程中，流体直接作用于柔性基面4的底面，柔性基面4在不同部位受到不同大小的流体力，进而产生不同程度的形变，从而吸收原本作用于阀芯底面的不平衡力矩，实现活塞式阀芯1底面受压分布的均衡。
为防止柔性基面4某一特定部位反复受到较大的压力作用，使用一定时间后，可将柔性基面4沿固定方向旋转90°，以保证克服不平衡力矩的效果。旋转三次后，更换新的柔性基面4。
以上所述的实施例只是本发明的一种较佳的方案，然其并非用以限制本发明。有关技术领域的普通技术人员，在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，还可以做出各种变化和变型。因此凡采取等同替换或等效变换的方式所获得的技术方案，均落在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种刚性环面组合柔性基面的活塞式阀芯结构，其特征在于，包括连接件(2)和从上到下依次叠加装配的活塞式阀芯(1)、柔性基面(4)、刚性环面(3)；所述活塞式阀芯(1)底面为平面；所述柔性基面(4)边缘薄中间厚，其顶面贴合活塞式阀芯(1)底面，底面为椭球形凸面；柔性基面(4)采用柔性材料制成，在底面受到外力作用时能够发生形变；所述刚性环面(3)为一个横断面呈台阶状的环体，其底面作为阀芯结构与阀座(5)的接触面；刚性环面(3)同轴布置于柔性基面(4)的底面边缘，且以活塞式阀芯(1)底面为基准，柔性基面(4)的椭球形凸面的中心凸出高度大于刚性环面(3)的凸出高度；所述连接件(2)用于连接活塞式阀芯(1)、柔性基面(4)和刚性环面(3)，使其装配成整体。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的刚性环面组合柔性基面的活塞式阀芯结构，其特征在于，所述的连接件(2)为连接螺钉，所述活塞式阀芯(1)底面周向均布有若干螺纹孔；所述柔性基面(4)底部与所述螺纹孔对应开设有若干第一通孔；所述刚性环面(3)底部与所述螺纹孔对应开设有若干第二通孔；每组同轴的螺纹孔、第一通孔和第二通孔中拧入连接螺钉实现固定。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的刚性环面组合柔性基面的活塞式阀芯结构，其特征在于，所述柔性基面(4)的材料为聚氨酯材料。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的刚性环面组合柔性基面的活塞式阀芯结构，其特征在于，所述刚性环面(3)的底面为与下方阀座(5)的顶面匹配的台阶面，刚性环面(3)的底面与阀座(5)的顶面能够密封卡合。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的刚性环面组合柔性基面的活塞式阀芯结构，其特征在于，所述活塞式阀芯(1)、柔性基面(4)和刚性环面(3)的外径相等。
  6. 如权利要求2所述的刚性环面组合柔性基面的活塞式阀芯结构，其特征在于，所述刚性环面(3)的第二通孔为沉头孔，沉头孔直径大于连接螺钉的螺丝头直径，沉头孔深度大于连接螺钉的螺丝头厚度。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的刚性环面组合柔性基面的活塞式阀芯结构，其特征在于，所述螺纹孔、第一通孔、第二通孔的数量均为8个；所述连接件(2)为沉头螺钉，数量为8个。
  8. 如权利要求2所述的刚性环面组合柔性基面的活塞式阀芯结构，其特征在于，所述的螺纹孔、第一通孔、第二通孔的孔径相等。
  9. 一种利用如权利要求1～8任一所述活塞式阀芯结构的克服不平衡力矩方法，其特征在于，将所述的活塞式阀芯结构安装于阀座(5)上，其中刚性环面(3)的底面作为阀芯结构与阀座(5)的密封接触面；阀门开启后，在流体经由刚性环面(3)与阀座(5)之间的空隙流出过程中，流体直接作用于柔性基面(4)的底面，柔性基面(4)在不同部位受到不同大小的流体力，进而产生不同程度的形变，从而吸收原本作用于阀芯底面的不平衡力矩，实现活塞式阀芯(1)底面受压分布的均衡。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的克服不平衡力矩方法，其特征在于，每使用一定时间后将柔性基面(4)旋转90°。
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