WO2021016824A1 - 一种外置再热式垃圾焚烧锅炉 - Google Patents

一种外置再热式垃圾焚烧锅炉 Download PDF

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WO2021016824A1
WO2021016824A1 PCT/CN2019/098248 CN2019098248W WO2021016824A1 WO 2021016824 A1 WO2021016824 A1 WO 2021016824A1 CN 2019098248 W CN2019098248 W CN 2019098248W WO 2021016824 A1 WO2021016824 A1 WO 2021016824A1
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temperature superheater
reheater
flue
steam
waste heat
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PCT/CN2019/098248
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English (en)
French (fr)
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沈竑
孙亚鹏
曹森
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深圳市能源环保有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2019/098248 priority Critical patent/WO2021016824A1/zh
Publication of WO2021016824A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021016824A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
    • F22G3/00—Steam superheaters characterised by constructional features; Details of component parts thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat

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  • the garbage incinerator of the present invention specifically relates to an external reheat type garbage incineration boiler.
  • the present invention provides an external reheat type waste incineration boiler, which can effectively improve the thermal efficiency of the boiler and the overall power generation efficiency of the power plant, and greatly improve the economic benefits of the power plant.
  • an external reheat type garbage incineration boiler including an incinerator and a waste heat boiler
  • the waste heat boiler is composed of a steam drum, a reheater, three vertical membrane water-cooled walls, a convection horizontal flue and a U-shaped economizer tube box at the tail.
  • the convection horizontal flue is sequentially arranged with a first medium temperature superheater, a high temperature superheater, a second medium temperature superheater, a first low temperature superheater and a second low temperature superheater,
  • the steam drum, vertical membrane water wall, convection horizontal flue and all superheaters in the waste heat boiler are installed and fixed by suspension devices,
  • the reheater adopts a partition structure, with saturated steam inside the tube and reheated steam outside the tube.
  • the first medium-temperature superheater adopts an in-line and counter-current arrangement
  • the high-temperature superheater adopts an in-line and co-current arrangement
  • the second intermediate-temperature superheater adopts an in-line and counter-current arrangement
  • the first low-temperature superheater adopts an in-line and counter-current arrangement.
  • the second low-temperature superheater is arranged in parallel and countercurrent
  • the reheater is an external flue type, and the reheater is suspended above the flue by a hanging device.
  • the preferred solution of the present invention is that the condensed water after the heat exchange of the reheater returns to the steam drum.
  • the preferred solution of the present invention is that the condensed water after the heat exchange of the reheater enters the vertical membrane water wall for heating.
  • an external reheat type garbage incineration boiler provided by the present invention includes an incinerator and a waste heat boiler.
  • the waste heat boiler consists of a steam drum, a reheater, three vertical membrane water walls, and one
  • the convection horizontal flue is composed of an economizer tube box arranged in a U-shape at the end.
  • the convection horizontal flue is arranged in sequence with a first medium temperature superheater, a high temperature superheater, a second medium temperature superheater, a first low temperature superheater and a second low temperature
  • the superheater, the steam drum of the waste heat boiler, the vertical membrane water wall, the convection horizontal flue and all the superheaters in them are installed and fixed by suspension devices.
  • the reheater adopts a partition structure with saturated steam in the tube. The outside is reheated steam.
  • the reheater is an external flue type, and the reheater is suspended above the flue by a hanging device.
  • the invention can improve the steam parameters, increase the power of the steam, and avoid the safety problems such as high temperature corrosion caused by arranging the reheater in the flue.
  • Figures 1 and 2 are schematic structural diagrams of the first implementation of the present invention, in which Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the external structure, and Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of soda.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of soda in the second implementation of the present invention.
  • Incinerator 1.1 grate, 1.2 furnace, 1.3 flue, 1.31 vertical flue, 1.311 first vertical flue, 1.312 second vertical flue,
  • Figures 1 and 2 are schematic structural diagrams of the first implementation of the present invention.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the external structure of an external reheat type garbage incineration boiler
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of soda and water.
  • an external reheat waste incineration boiler includes an incinerator 1 and a waste heat boiler.
  • the incinerator 1 is mainly composed of a grate 1.1, a furnace 1.2 and a flue 1.3.
  • the furnace 1.2 is located at the upper part of the grate 1.1; according to the flue gas flow direction, the flue 1.31 includes a vertical flue 1.31, a horizontal flue 1.32, and a tail flue 1.33, and the vertical flue 1.31 includes a first vertical flue in turn 1.311, the second vertical flue 1.312, the third vertical flue 1.313; the incinerator 1 also includes a feed hopper 1.4.
  • the waste heat boiler consists of a steam drum 5, a reheater 6, three sets of vertical membrane water walls 2, a superheater 3 arranged in the horizontal flue 1.32, and an economizer tube box 4 arranged in the tail flue 1.33.
  • the steam drum 5, three sets of vertical membrane water wall 2, the horizontal flue, and the superheater 3 of the waste heat boiler are installed and fixed by a suspension device.
  • the horizontal flue 1.32 is provided with superheaters 3, which in turn include: first medium temperature superheater 3.1, high temperature superheater 3.2, second medium temperature superheater 3.3, first low temperature superheater 3.4, and second low temperature superheater ⁇ 3.5.
  • the reheater 6 adopts a partition structure, with saturated steam inside the tube and reheated steam outside the tube.
  • the first medium temperature superheater 3.1 adopts in-line and countercurrent arrangement
  • the high temperature superheater 3.2 adopts in-line and downstream arrangement
  • the second medium temperature superheater 3.3 adopts in-line and countercurrent arrangement
  • the first low temperature superheater 3.4 adopts in-line countercurrent arrangement
  • the second low temperature The superheater 3.5 is arranged in parallel and countercurrent.
  • the reheater 6 is an external type of the flue, and the reheater 6 is suspended above the flue by a hanging device.
  • FIG. 2 shows that in this example, the flow direction of the water vapor circuit system 7 is as follows: from the economizer pipe 7.1 into the economizer pipe box 4, from the economizer pipe 7.2 out of the economizer and then into the steam drum 5 ; Then it is divided into two paths, the first path enters the reheater 6 from the inlet reheater pipe 7.31, the condensate after heat exchange returns to the steam drum 5 from the reheater pipe 7.32; the second path enters the vertical membrane type
  • the water wall pipeline 7.41 enters the water wall and then returns from the vertical membrane water wall pipeline 7.42 into the steam drum.
  • the condensed water after heat exchange by the reheater 6 returns to the steam drum 5.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the flow direction of soda in the second implementation of the present invention.
  • the figure shows that, unlike the first embodiment of the present invention, in this example, the condensed water after the heat exchange of the reheater does not return to the steam drum 5, but directly enters the water wall 2 for heating.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)

Abstract

一种外置再热式垃圾焚烧锅炉，包括焚烧炉(1)及余热锅炉，所述余热锅炉由汽包(5)、再热器(6)、三个垂直膜式水冷壁(2)、一个对流水平烟道(1.32)和尾部U形布置的省煤器管箱(4)组成，所述对流水平烟道依次布置第一中温过热器(3.1)、高温过热器(3.2)、第二中温过热器(3.3)、第一低温过热器(3.4)和第二低温过热器(3.5)，所述余热锅炉的汽包、垂直膜式水冷壁、对流水平烟道及其中的所有过热器都采用悬挂装置安装固定，所述再热器采用间壁式结构，管内为饱和蒸汽，管外为再热蒸汽。所述再热器为烟道外置式，采用吊挂装置将再热器悬挂在烟道上方位置。上述垃圾焚烧锅炉提高了蒸汽参数，增加了蒸汽的做功能力，避免了将再热器布置于烟道中产生的高温腐蚀等安全问题。

Description

一种外置再热式垃圾焚烧锅炉 技术领域
本发明垃圾焚烧炉，具体涉及一种外置再热式垃圾焚烧锅炉。
背景技术
随着我国人民生活水平的提高，生活垃圾产量明显增加，相对应的垃圾焚烧发电厂数量也日益增加，现有垃圾焚烧发电厂蒸汽参数大多采用中温中压参数，而提高蒸汽参数可有效提高垃圾焚烧发电厂发电效率。但是，现有垃圾焚烧发电蒸汽再热技术均采用将再热器布置于烟道内的方式，该方式会产生高温腐蚀、受锅炉负荷波动影响较大等问题。
发明内容
为解决以上问题，本发明提供一种外置再热式垃圾焚烧锅炉，其能够有效提高锅炉的热效率及电厂的整体发电效率,大大提高电厂的经济效益。
本发明解决技术问题所采用的技术方案如下：一种外置再热式垃圾焚烧锅炉，包括焚烧炉及余热锅炉，
所述余热锅炉由汽包、再热器、三个垂直膜式水冷壁、一个对流水平烟道和尾部U形布置的省煤器管箱组成，
所述对流水平烟道依次布置第一中温过热器、高温过热器、第二中温过热器、第一低温过热器和第二低温过热器，
所述余热锅炉的汽包、垂直膜式水冷壁、对流水平烟道及其中的所有过热器都采用悬挂装置安装固定，
所述再热器采用间壁式结构，管内为饱和蒸汽,管外为再热蒸汽，
所述第一中温过热器采用顺列逆流布置，所述高温过热器采用顺列顺流布置，第二中温过热器采用顺列逆流布置，所述第一低温过热器采用顺列逆流布置，所述第二低温过热器采用顺列逆流布置，
其特征是，所述再热器为烟道外置式，采用吊挂装置将再热器悬挂在烟道上方位置。
本发明的优选方案为，所述再热器换热后的凝结水返回汽包。
本发明的优选方案为，所述再热器换热后的凝结水进入所述垂直膜式水冷壁加热。
本发明的有益效果为：本发明提供的一种外置再热式垃圾焚烧锅炉，包括焚烧炉及余热锅炉，所述余热锅炉由汽包、再热器、三个垂直膜式水冷壁、一个对流水平烟道和尾部U形布置的省煤器管箱组成，所述对流水平烟道依次布置第一中温过热器、高温过热器、第二中温过热器、第一低温过热器和第二低温过热器，所述余热锅炉的汽包、垂直膜式水冷壁、对流水平烟道及其中的所有过热器都采用悬挂装置安装固定，所述再热器采用间壁式结构，管内为饱和蒸汽,管外为再热蒸汽。所述再热器为烟道外置式，采用吊挂装置将再热器悬挂在烟道上方位置。本发明可以提高了蒸汽参数，增加蒸汽的做功能力，避免了将 再热器布置于烟道中产生的高温腐蚀等安全问题。
附图说明
图1、图2为本发明第一个实施的结构示意图，其中，图1为外部结构示意图，图2为汽水流动方向示意图。
图3为本发明第二个实施的汽水流动方向示意图。
图中：
1.焚烧炉，1.1炉排，1.2炉膛，1.3烟道，1.31垂直道，1.311第一垂直烟道，1.312第二垂直烟道，
1.313第三垂直烟道，1.32水平烟道，1.33尾部烟道，1.4给料斗，
2.垂直膜式水冷壁,2.1第一垂直膜式水冷壁，2.2第二垂直膜式水冷壁，2.3第三垂直膜式水冷壁，
3过热器，3.1第一中温过热器，3.2高温过热器，3.3第二中温过热器，3.4第一低温过热器，3.5第二低温过热器，
4.省煤器管箱，
5.汽包，
6.再热器，
7水汽路系统，7.1入省煤器管路，7.2出省煤器管路，7.31入再热器管路，7.32出再热器管路，7.41入垂直膜式水冷壁管路，7.42出垂直膜式水冷壁管路。
具体实施方式
图1、图2为本发明第一个实施的结构示意图，其中，图1为外置再热式垃圾焚烧锅炉外部结构示意图，图2为汽水流动方向示意图。
图1中显示，本例中，一种外置再热式垃圾焚烧锅炉，包括焚烧炉1及余热锅炉，所述焚烧炉1主要由炉排1.1、炉膛1.2以及烟道1.3组成。所述炉膛1.2位于所述炉排1.1上部位置；依据烟气流动方向，烟道1.31依次包括垂直烟道1.31、水平烟道1.32及尾部烟道1.33，垂直烟道1.31依次包括第一垂直烟道1.311、第二垂直烟道1.312、第三垂直烟道1.313；焚烧炉1还包括给料斗1.4。
余热锅炉由汽包5、再热器6、三组垂直膜式水冷壁2、设置在水平烟道1.32的过热器3，设置在尾部烟道1.33的省煤器管箱4组成，
余热锅炉的汽包5、三组垂直膜式水冷壁2、水平烟道、过热器3采用悬挂装置安装固定，
按照烟气流动的方向，水平烟道1.32中设置有过热器3依次包括：第一中温过热器3.1，高温过热器3.2，第二中温过热器3.3，第一低温过热器3.4，第二低温过热器3.5。
再热器6采用间壁式结构，管内为饱和蒸汽，管外为再热蒸汽。
第一中温过热器3.1采用顺列逆流布置，高温过热器3.2采用顺列顺流布置，第二中温过热器3.3采用顺列逆流布置，第一低温过热器3.4采用顺列逆流布置，第二低温过热器3.5采用顺列逆流布置。
本例与现有技术不同之处在于，再热器6为烟道外置式，采用吊挂装置将再热器6悬挂在烟道上方位置。
图2显示，本例中，水汽路系统7的流动方向如下：从入省煤器管路7.1进入省煤器管箱4，由出省煤器管路7.2出省煤器然后进入汽包5；然后分两路，第一路从入再热器管路7.31进入再热器6，换热后的凝结水从出再热器管路7.32返回汽包5；第二路从入垂直膜式水冷壁管路7.41进入水冷壁然后从出垂直膜式水冷壁管路7.42返回流入汽包。
本例中，再热器6换热后的凝结水返回汽包5。
图3为本发明第二个实施的汽水流动方向示意图。图中显示，与本发明第一个实施例不同的是，本例中，再热器换热后的凝结水不再返回汽包5，而是直接进入水冷壁2加热。

Claims (3)

  1. 一种外置再热式垃圾焚烧锅炉，包括焚烧炉及余热锅炉，
    所述余热锅炉由汽包、再热器、三个垂直膜式水冷壁、一个对流水平烟道和尾部U形布置的省煤器管箱组成，
    所述对流水平烟道依次布置第一中温过热器、高温过热器、第二中温过热器、第一低温过热器和第二低温过热器，
    所述余热锅炉的汽包、垂直膜式水冷壁、对流水平烟道及其中的所有过热器都采用悬挂装置安装固定，
    所述再热器采用间壁式结构，管内为饱和蒸汽,管外为再热蒸汽，
    所述第一中温过热器采用顺列逆流布置，所述高温过热器采用顺列顺流布置，第二中温过热器采用顺列逆流布置，所述第一低温过热器采用顺列逆流布置，所述第二低温过热器采用顺列逆流布置，其特征是，所述再热器为烟道外置式，采用吊挂装置将再热器悬挂在烟道上方位置。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种外置再热式垃圾焚烧锅炉，其特征是，所述再热器换热后的凝结水返回所述汽包。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种外置再热式垃圾焚烧锅炉，其特征是，所述再热器换热后的凝结水进入所述垂直膜式水冷壁加热。
PCT/CN2019/098248 2019-07-29 2019-07-29 一种外置再热式垃圾焚烧锅炉 WO2021016824A1 (zh)

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CN109990257A (zh) * 2019-03-18 2019-07-09 杭州杭锅工业锅炉有限公司 热回收焦炉高温超高压再热余热锅炉

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2710135B1 (fr) * 1993-09-13 1995-12-15 Guyader Charles Le Incinérateur à ordures ménagères et autres résidus.
CN205605255U (zh) * 2016-04-18 2016-09-28 陆达 一种生物质垃圾锅炉组联合发电系统
CN106197045A (zh) * 2016-07-15 2016-12-07 武汉都市环保工程技术股份有限公司 余热锅炉系统、转底炉高温含尘烟气处理系统及方法
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CN208967774U (zh) * 2018-10-16 2019-06-11 杭州锅炉集团股份有限公司 亚临界超高温带再热干熄焦余热锅炉
CN109990257A (zh) * 2019-03-18 2019-07-09 杭州杭锅工业锅炉有限公司 热回收焦炉高温超高压再热余热锅炉

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