WO2021013011A1 - 一种废旧机油在橡胶改性方面的应用 - Google Patents

一种废旧机油在橡胶改性方面的应用 Download PDF

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WO2021013011A1
WO2021013011A1 PCT/CN2020/102107 CN2020102107W WO2021013011A1 WO 2021013011 A1 WO2021013011 A1 WO 2021013011A1 CN 2020102107 W CN2020102107 W CN 2020102107W WO 2021013011 A1 WO2021013011 A1 WO 2021013011A1
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rubber powder
modified
asphalt
engine oil
waste engine
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PCT/CN2020/102107
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张久鹏
刘奇
王培�
温永
韩彦龙
郭晓东
卫平川
李玉
房乐凯
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长安大学
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Priority to AU2020317264A priority Critical patent/AU2020317264B2/en
Publication of WO2021013011A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021013011A1/zh

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J3/00Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
    • C08J3/005Processes for mixing polymers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L19/00Compositions of rubbers not provided for in groups C08L7/00 - C08L17/00
    • C08L19/003Precrosslinked rubber; Scrap rubber; Used vulcanised rubber
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L95/00Compositions of bituminous materials, e.g. asphalt, tar, pitch
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2395/00Bituminous materials, e.g. asphalt, tar or pitch
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2419/00Characterised by the use of rubbers not provided for in groups C08J2407/00 - C08J2417/00
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2423/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2423/02Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2423/04Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08J2423/06Polyethene
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2491/00Characterised by the use of oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/02Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
    • C08L2205/025Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • C08L2205/035Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2207/00Properties characterising the ingredient of the composition
    • C08L2207/20Recycled plastic
    • C08L2207/24Recycled plastic recycling of old tyres and caoutchouc and addition of caoutchouc particles

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of road engineering materials, and specifically relates to the application of waste engine oil in rubber powder modification.
  • waste rubber tires are also called “black pollution”, and its recycling and disposal have once become a worldwide problem.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • the invention proposes an application of waste engine oil in rubber powder modification.
  • the present invention proposes an application of waste engine oil in the aspect of modified asphalt with high content of modified rubber powder.
  • the present invention also provides a modified asphalt with a high content of modified rubber powder.
  • the raw materials include base asphalt, rubber powder, waste engine oil, viscosity reducer and stabilizer.
  • the rubber powder is 40 mesh scrap tire rubber powder
  • the viscosity reducer is polyethylene wax
  • the stabilizer is polyethylene
  • the present invention also provides a method for preparing modified asphalt with a high content of modified rubber powder.
  • the preparation method uses the modified rubber powder as a modified raw material and includes the following steps:
  • Step 2) Premix the base asphalt, modified rubber powder and stabilizer according to the mass ratio
  • Step 3) Perform high temperature, high speed shear and viscosity reduction on the premix.
  • the step 1) is specifically: step 1.1) taking the rubber powder and placing it in a container, and adding a formula amount of waste engine oil to the container;
  • Step 1.2) Stir the waste engine oil and rubber powder and pre-swell: mix the rubber powder and waste engine oil with a good ratio and place them in an environment of 50-70°C for 0.8-1.2h to make the waste engine oil and rubber powder sufficient infiltration;
  • the step 2) is specifically:
  • Step 2.3) After all the modified rubber powder is added, continue to control the temperature at 175 ⁇ 180°C and keep stirring, and then add the stabilizer of the formula to the mixture;
  • Step 2.4 After all stabilizers are added, the temperature of the mixture is controlled at 175 ⁇ 180°C and the stirring is accelerated. The duration of the accelerated stirring is 0.7-1.3h;
  • the step 3) is specifically:
  • step 2 Heat the mixture obtained in step 2) to 230-240°C, stir at constant temperature for 1.3-1.7h, then add viscosity reducer and continue stirring for 2.3-2.7h to obtain modified asphalt with high content of modified rubber powder.
  • the rubber powder is 40 mesh scrap tire rubber powder
  • the viscosity reducing agent is polyethylene wax
  • the stabilizer is polyethylene
  • the present invention uses waste engine oil as a pre-swelling agent for the first time, and adopts microwave heating to prepare modified rubber powder, which accelerates cracking, improves the cracking rate of rubber powder, and has strong compatibility.
  • the present invention further increases the compatibility of the rubber powder and the asphalt and the mixing amount of the rubber powder through the modification of the rubber powder, the high-temperature high-speed shearing means and the addition of a viscosity reducer (polyethylene wax).
  • the present invention increases the mixing amount of rubber powder by 60% of the asphalt quality while ensuring the basic performance of the asphalt, reduces the amount of asphalt in road engineering, saves engineering costs and effectively solves the problem of waste tire disposal.
  • the present invention proposes for the first time and adopts a three-stage preparation process (pre-swelling-stirring-shearing) of modified asphalt with a high content of modified rubber powder, which reduces the energy consumption in the production of modified asphalt, and at the same time It can further improve the compatibility of rubber powder and asphalt.
  • the raw materials, waste engine oil and waste tire rubber powder are waste resources, and the recycling of waste resources promotes the sustainable development of transportation.
  • Example 12 the base asphalt in the following examples and comparative examples are all SK-90 base asphalt;
  • the rubber powder in the following examples and comparative examples are all 40 mesh waste tire rubber powder
  • the viscosity reducing agents in the following examples and comparative examples are all polyethylene wax
  • the stabilizers in the following examples and comparative examples are all polyethylene.
  • the modified rubber powder can be prepared by the following methods:
  • Table 1 shows the performance test data of rubber powder modified with different ratios of waste engine oil
  • waste engine oil can provide acceleration conditions for the pyrolysis of rubber powder. After adding waste engine oil, heat preservation and development can pre-swell the rubber powder and increase the pyrolysis rate of rubber powder. Microwave heating can accelerate the pyrolysis of rubber powder and improve rubber. Compatibility of powder.
  • This example provides a modified asphalt with a high content of modified rubber powder, which is based on parts by weight and is made from the following raw materials: 100 parts of base asphalt, 45 parts of rubber powder, 10 parts of waste engine oil, and 3 parts of viscosity reducer And 0.5 parts of stabilizer.
  • the method for preparing modified asphalt with high content of modified rubber powder in this embodiment adopts the above-mentioned mass fraction of raw materials, and the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 3 High temperature, high speed shear and viscosity reduction of the premix:
  • Step 2 After the end, remove the shearing machine, and continue to increase the temperature, immerse the shearing machine head under 1.5cm of asphalt and at a certain distance from the bottom of the container, and turn on the shearing machine to 3000r when the temperature reaches 230°C /min, the temperature is controlled between 230 ⁇ 240°C, after shearing for 1.5 hours, viscosity reducing agent is added and then shearing for 1.5 hours to prepare high content modified rubber powder modified asphalt.
  • This example provides a modified asphalt with a high content of modified rubber powder, which is based on parts by weight and is made from the following raw materials: 100 parts of base asphalt, 45 parts of rubber powder, 10 parts of waste engine oil, and 3 parts of viscosity reducer And 0.5 parts of stabilizer.
  • the method for preparing modified asphalt with high content of modified rubber powder in this embodiment uses the above-mentioned mass fraction of raw materials, and the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 2) and step 3) are the same as in Example 1.
  • This example provides a modified asphalt with a high content of modified rubber powder, which is based on parts by weight and is made from the following raw materials: 100 parts of base asphalt, 45 parts of rubber powder, 10 parts of waste engine oil, and 3 parts of viscosity reducer And 0.5 parts of stabilizer.
  • the method for preparing modified asphalt with high content of modified rubber powder in this embodiment adopts the above-mentioned mass fraction of raw materials, and the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 2) and step 3) are the same as in Example 1.
  • This example provides a modified asphalt with a high content of modified rubber powder, in parts by weight, made from the following raw materials: 100 parts of base asphalt, 45 parts of rubber powder, 25 parts of waste engine oil, 3 parts of viscosity reducer And 0.5 parts of stabilizer.
  • the method for preparing modified asphalt with high content of modified rubber powder in this embodiment adopts the above-mentioned mass fraction of raw materials, and the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 2) and step 3) are the same as in Example 1.
  • This example provides a modified asphalt with high content of modified rubber powder, in parts by weight, made from the following raw materials: 100 parts of base asphalt, 45 parts of rubber powder, 15 parts of waste engine oil, and 3 parts of viscosity reducer And 0.5 parts of stabilizer.
  • the method for preparing modified asphalt with high content of modified rubber powder in this embodiment adopts the above-mentioned mass fraction of raw materials, and the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 2) and step 3) are the same as in Example 1.
  • This example provides a modified asphalt with a high content of modified rubber powder, which is based on parts by weight and is made from the following raw materials: 100 parts of base asphalt, 50 parts of rubber powder, 15 parts of waste engine oil, and 3 parts of viscosity reducer And 0.5 parts of stabilizer.
  • the preparation method of the modified asphalt with a high content of modified rubber powder in this embodiment is the same as that in the third embodiment.
  • This example presents a modified asphalt with a high content of modified rubber powder, in parts by weight, made from the following raw materials: 100 parts of base asphalt, 55 parts of rubber powder, 15 parts of waste engine oil, and 3 parts of viscosity reducer And 1 part of stabilizer.
  • the preparation method of the modified asphalt with a high content of modified rubber powder in this embodiment is the same as that in the second embodiment.
  • This example provides a modified asphalt with a high content of modified rubber powder, which is based on parts by weight and is made from the following raw materials: 100 parts of base asphalt, 60 parts of rubber powder, 20 parts of waste engine oil, 4 parts of viscosity reducer And 1 part of stabilizer.
  • the preparation method of the modified asphalt with a high content of modified rubber powder in this embodiment is the same as that in the second embodiment.
  • This example provides a modified asphalt with a high content of modified rubber powder, which is based on parts by weight and is made of the following raw materials: 100 parts of base asphalt, 65 parts of rubber powder, 20 parts of waste engine oil, 4 parts of viscosity reducer And 2 parts of stabilizer.
  • the preparation method of the modified asphalt with a high content of modified rubber powder in this embodiment is the same as that in the second embodiment.
  • This example presents a modified asphalt with a high content of modified rubber powder, in parts by weight, made from the following raw materials: 100 parts of base asphalt, 65 parts of rubber powder, 10 parts of waste engine oil, 4 parts of viscosity reducer And 1.5 parts of stabilizer.
  • the preparation method of the modified asphalt with a high content of modified rubber powder in this embodiment is the same as that in the second embodiment.
  • This example provides a modified asphalt with a high content of modified rubber powder, which is based on parts by weight and is made from the following raw materials: 100 parts of base asphalt, 60 parts of rubber powder, 20 parts of waste engine oil, 4 parts of viscosity reducer And 1.5 parts of stabilizer.
  • the asphalt in this embodiment is Karamay 90# road petroleum asphalt.
  • the preparation method of the modified asphalt with a high content of modified rubber powder in this embodiment is the same as that in the second embodiment.
  • This example provides a modified asphalt with a high content of modified rubber powder, which is based on parts by weight and is made from the following raw materials: 100 parts of base asphalt, 60 parts of rubber powder, 20 parts of waste engine oil, 4 parts of viscosity reducer And 1.5 parts of stabilizer.
  • the method for preparing modified asphalt with high content of modified rubber powder in this embodiment adopts the raw material of the modified asphalt with high content of modified rubber powder.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 1) and step 2) are the same as the embodiment 2.
  • Step 3 High temperature, high speed shear and viscosity reduction of the premix:
  • Step 2) After the end, remove the shearing machine, and continue to increase the temperature, immerse the shearing machine head under 1.5cm of asphalt and at a certain distance from the bottom of the container, and turn on the shearing machine to 3000r when the temperature reaches 230°C /min, control the temperature between 230-240°C, add viscosity reducer (polyethylene wax) after shearing for 1.5 hours and shearing for 2 hours to prepare modified asphalt with high content of modified rubber powder.
  • viscosity reducer polyethylene wax
  • This example provides a modified asphalt with a high content of modified rubber powder, in parts by weight, made from the following raw materials: 100 parts of base asphalt, 65 parts of rubber powder, 25 parts of waste engine oil, 4 parts of viscosity reducer And 1.5 parts of stabilizer.
  • the method for preparing modified asphalt with high content of modified rubber powder in this embodiment adopts the raw material of the modified asphalt with high content of modified rubber powder.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 1) and step 2) are the same as in Example 3.
  • Step 3 High temperature, high speed shear and viscosity reduction of the premix:
  • Step 2 After the end, remove the shearing machine, and continue to increase the temperature, immerse the shearing machine head under 1.5cm of asphalt and at a certain distance from the bottom of the container, and turn on the shearing machine to 3000r when the temperature reaches 230°C /min, the temperature is controlled between 230 ⁇ 240°C, after shearing for 1.5 hours, viscosity reducing agent is added and then shearing for 2.5 hours to prepare high content modified rubber powder modified asphalt.
  • Modification of rubber powder can reduce the viscosity of modified asphalt with high content of rubber powder and improve its stability.
  • Modification of rubber powder without adding waste engine oil can improve the stability of modified asphalt with high content of rubber powder, but it is worse than modified rubber powder after adding waste engine oil.
  • Microwave heating can promote the cracking of rubber powder, increase the amount of rubber powder, and ensure the compatibility of rubber powder and asphalt in the modified asphalt with high content of modified rubber powder.
  • waste engine oil can only improve the effect of reducing viscosity.

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Abstract

本发明属于道路工程材料技术领域,具体涉及一种废旧机油在橡胶粉改性方面的应用,利用废旧机油使橡胶得到改性,之后应用于沥青的改性中,通过与基质沥青、降粘剂和稳定剂最优配比,经过基质沥青‐改性胶粉和稳定剂的预混、预混物的高温、高速剪切与降黏工序后制得高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青。本发明将难以降解的废旧轮胎所得橡胶粉及废旧机油作为原料,通过废旧机油对橡胶粉的改性,并进一步应用在改性沥青中,可提高胶粉与沥青的相容性,能够有效解决废旧轮胎处理的问题,充分利用了废旧机油,节约成本并促进了交通事业的可持续发展。

Description

一种废旧机油在橡胶改性方面的应用 技术领域
本发明属于道路工程材料技术领域,具体涉及一种废旧机油在橡胶粉改性方面的应用。
背景技术
近年来,随着经济和汽车工业发展发展,我国的汽车保有量不断攀升,我国轮胎报废量居全球首位。世界各国处理废旧橡胶轮胎最普遍的做法是掩埋或堆放,废旧橡胶为热固性聚合物材料,很难在自然条件下发生降解,如果将其弃于地表或埋藏在地下,十几年甚至几十年都不会发生变质或腐烂。同时,废旧橡胶轮胎的大量堆积占用了宝贵的土地资源,造成水土污染,还会滋生蚊虫,传播疾病,影响人类健康。若发生火灾,废橡胶燃烧释放出大量芳烃化合物、C0 2、CO等有害气体,严重影响生态环境。也正因此,废旧橡胶轮胎又被称作“黑色污染”,其回收和处理也一度成为世界性的难题。
如何将“黑色污染”转化为“黑色黄金”实现废旧橡胶轮胎高效利用,是做好废旧资源综合无害利用的重要研究方向,也是合理利用资源、保护环境,促进国民经济向高质量发展和可持续发展转变的重要举措。
发明内容
为了解决废旧橡胶轮胎利用处理不当的问题,提出一种废旧轮胎在改性沥青中的应用、一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青及其制备方法,提高了废弃轮胎橡胶和废旧机油的利用率,有益于环境保护并降低了制造改性沥青的材料成本。
为达到上述目的,本发明采取如下的技术方案:
本发明提出一种废旧机油在橡胶粉改性方面的应用。
本发明提出一种废旧机油在高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青方面的应用。
本发明还提出一种改性橡胶粉,其组分包括橡胶粉和废旧机油,按重量配比为,橡胶粉:废旧机油=9~13:2~5。
本发明还提出一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青,原料包括基质沥青、胶粉、废旧机油、降粘剂和稳定剂。
为了使改性沥青具有更好的实用性能:所述高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青的各组分质量配比为,基质沥青:废旧轮胎胶粉:发动机润滑油:降粘剂:稳定剂=100:45~65:10~25:3~5:0.5~2。
为了使改性沥青具有更好的实用性能:所述高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青的配制组分按质量配比为,基质沥青:废旧轮胎胶粉:发动机润滑油:降粘剂:稳定剂=100:50~60:15~25:3~5:1~2。
为了进一步节约成本和废物利用,所述橡胶粉为40目废旧轮胎胶粉,所述降粘剂为聚乙烯蜡;所述稳定剂为聚乙烯。
本发明还提供了一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青的制备方法,该制备方法采用所述的改性橡胶粉作为改性原料,包括以下步骤:
步骤1):按照质量比在胶粉中加入发动机润滑油并进行改性处理,得到改性胶粉;
步骤2):按照质量比对基质沥青、改性胶粉和稳定剂进行预混;
步骤3):对预混物进行高温、高速剪切和降黏。
优选的,所述步骤1)具体为:步骤1.1)取橡胶粉置于容器中,向容器中加入配方量的废旧机油;
步骤1.2)将废旧机油和橡胶粉搅拌充分后进行预溶胀:将配比好的橡胶粉和废旧机油搅拌均匀后置于50‐70℃环境中持续0.8‐1.2h,使废旧机油和橡胶粉充分浸润;
步骤1.3):将充分浸润的混合物用微波改性法进行改性处理,之后取出冷却,得到改性橡胶粉;
所述步骤2)具体为:
步骤2.1):将100份质量的基质沥青放置于改性容器,将承载着基质沥青的改性容器放入150‐170℃的环境中持续80‐100min,使基质沥青完全软化,软化后继续加热至170‐190℃;之后利用热源将软化后的沥青的温度控制在175~180℃;
步骤2.2):将温度控制在175~180℃的基质沥青持续搅拌并加入步骤1)得到的所有改性橡胶粉;
步骤2.3):待改性橡胶粉全部加入后,持续将温度控制在175~180℃并保持搅拌,然后向混合物中加入配方量的稳定剂;
步骤2.4)待稳定剂全部加入后将混合物的温度控制在175~180℃并加速搅拌,加速搅拌的持续时间为0.7‐1.3h;
所述步骤3)具体为:
将步骤2)所得的混合物加热升温至230‐240℃,恒温搅拌1.3‐1.7h,之后加入降粘剂并持续搅拌2.3‐2.7h后得到高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青。
优选的,所述橡胶粉为40目废旧轮胎胶粉,所述降粘剂为聚乙烯蜡;所述稳定剂为聚乙烯。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果为:
(Ⅰ)本发明首次将废旧机油作为预溶胀剂,并采用微波加热的手段制得改性橡胶粉,加速裂解,提高橡胶粉的裂解率,并具有强相容性。
(Ⅱ)本发明通过对胶粉的改性改性、高温高速剪切手段和掺加降粘剂(聚乙烯蜡),进一步增加了胶粉与沥青的相容性和胶粉的掺量。
(Ⅲ)本发明在保证沥青基础性能的同时将胶粉掺量提高沥青质量的60%,在道路工程中降低了沥青的用量,节约了工程成本还有效的解决了废旧轮胎处理的问题。
(Ⅳ)本发明首次提出并采用了高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青的三阶段制备工艺(预溶胀‐搅拌‐剪切),该工艺降低了改性沥青生产过程中的能耗,同时能够进一步提高胶粉与沥青的相容性。
(Ⅴ)本发明中原材料废旧机油和废旧轮胎胶粉为废旧资源,废旧资源的再生利用,促进了交通事业的可持续发展。
整体来说,高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青技术的研究在提高废旧橡胶材料的利用率的同时,兼顾保证沥青具有较好的路用性能。在资源短缺、提倡节能环保、可持续发展的当今社会有着重要的意义。同时由于石油是不可再生资源,价格一直上涨,沥青的价格也随之上涨,而橡胶粉来源丰富,价格低廉。如果能够提高胶粉的用量而且改性沥青的性能可以得到保障和提高,不仅可以降低材料成本,而且可以提高胶粉利用率,具有重要的社会效益、经济效益和环保效益。
具体实施方式
现根据实验室数据对本发明作出详细说明,但本发明的保护范围不仅限于下列具体实施方式。
除实施例12外,下列实施例及对比例中的基质沥青均为SK‐90基质沥青;
下列实施例及对比例中的橡胶粉均为40目废旧轮胎胶粉;
下列实施例及对比例中的降粘剂均为聚乙烯蜡;
下列实施例及对比例中的稳定剂均为聚乙烯。
废旧机油在橡胶粉改性方面的应用,本发明提供的改性橡胶粉包括橡胶粉 和废旧机油,其中橡胶粉:废旧机油=9~13:2~5(质量)。
该改性橡胶粉可以采用以下方法制备:
取橡胶粉于烧杯中,加入废旧机油,用玻璃棒将废旧机油和橡胶粉搅拌均匀后置于50~60℃烘箱中保温预溶胀1~2小时,使废旧机油和橡胶粉充分浸润,保温结束后,将橡胶粉倒入圆瓷盘中用玻璃棒摊铺均匀最厚不得超过1cm,然后将瓷盘放入微波炉中对橡胶粉进行微波改性处理2~5min,最后取出冷却至室温。
表1为不同配比的废旧机油改性后的橡胶粉的性能检测数据
项目 溶胶含量(%) 密度(kg/m 3) S‐S含量(%)
橡胶粉:废旧机油=9:2 18.5 315.6 0.0110
橡胶粉:废旧机油=9:5 29.8 325.4 0.0069
橡胶粉:废旧机油=13:2 12.2 310.4 0.0150
橡胶粉:废旧机油=10:5 28.3 323.3 0.0073
橡胶粉:废旧机油=10:3 24.3 320.3 0.0080
橡胶粉:废旧机油=10:0 8.1 302.5 0.0180
由表1中的数据可得:废旧机油可以为橡胶粉的裂解提供加速条件,加入废旧机油后保温发育可以使橡胶粉预溶胀提高橡胶粉的裂解率,微波加热可以加速橡胶粉的裂解提高橡胶粉的相容性。
鉴于本发明的废旧机油可以在橡胶粉改性方面应用,也可以将此特性应用于高掺量粉橡胶改性沥青,具体为:
实施例1:
本实施例给出一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青,以重量份数计,由以下原料制成:基质沥青100份、橡胶粉45份、废旧机油10份、降粘剂3份和稳定剂0.5份。
本实施例的一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青的制备方法,采用上述质量分数的原料,该方法包括以下步骤:
步骤1):橡胶粉微波改性:
取一定质量橡胶粉于烧杯中,按橡胶粉质量分数加入废旧机油,用玻璃棒将废旧机油和橡胶粉搅拌均匀后置于60℃烘箱中保温预溶胀1小时,使废旧机油和橡胶粉充分浸润,保温结束后,将橡胶粉倒入圆瓷盘中用玻璃棒摊铺均匀最厚不得超过1cm,然后将瓷盘放入微波炉中对橡胶粉进行微波改性处理1min,最后取出冷却至室温。
步骤2):基质沥青、改性橡胶粉和稳定剂的预混:
取一定质量的基质沥青于改性容器中,将容器放入160℃烘箱保温90min。电炉打开预热并垫上石棉网,沥青保温结束后放到石棉网上进行加热。将搅拌机的搅拌头放入沥青中,浸没到距容器底部约1cm处,然后开始控温加热,待温度达到180℃时打开搅拌机至300r/min并开始加入改性橡胶粉,改性橡胶粉全部加入后加入稳定剂,将剪切转速升高到800r/min,温度控制在175~180℃之间,搅拌1小时。
步骤3):预混物的高温、高速剪切与降黏:
步骤2)结束后,撤去剪切机,并继续升高温度,将剪切机机头浸没在沥青1.5cm以下且与容器底部有一定的距离,待温度达到230℃时打开剪切机至3000r/min,将温度控制在230~240℃之间,剪切1.5小时后加入降粘剂再剪切1.5小时后制得高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青。
实施例2:
本实施例给出一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青,以重量份数计,由以下原料制成:基质沥青100份、橡胶粉45份、废旧机油10份、降粘剂3份和稳定剂0.5份。
本实施例的一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青的制备方法,采用上述质量分 数的的原料,该方法包括以下步骤:
步骤1):橡胶粉微波改性:
取一定质量橡胶粉于烧杯中,按橡胶粉质量分数加入废旧机油,用玻璃棒将废旧机油和橡胶粉搅拌均匀后置于60℃烘箱中保温预溶胀1小时,使废旧机油和橡胶粉充分浸润,保温结束后,将橡胶粉倒入圆瓷盘中用玻璃棒摊铺均匀最厚不得超过1cm,然后将瓷盘放入微波炉中对橡胶粉进行微波改性处理2min,最后取出冷却至室温。
步骤2)和步骤3)与实施例1中相同。
实施例4:
本实施例给出一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青,以重量份数计,由以下原料制成:基质沥青100份、橡胶粉45份、废旧机油10份、降粘剂3份和稳定剂0.5份。
本实施例的一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青的制备方法,采用上述质量分数的的原料,该方法包括以下步骤:
步骤1):橡胶粉微波改性:
取一定质量橡胶粉于烧杯中,按橡胶粉质量分数加入废旧机油,用玻璃棒将废旧机油和橡胶粉搅拌均匀后置于60℃烘箱中保温预溶胀1小时,使废旧机油和橡胶粉充分浸润,保温结束后,将橡胶粉倒入圆瓷盘中用玻璃棒摊铺均匀最厚不得超过1cm,然后将瓷盘放入微波炉中对橡胶粉进行微波改性处理3min,最后取出冷却至室温。
步骤2)和步骤3)与实施例1中相同。
实施例5:
本实施例给出一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青,以重量份数计,由以下原 料制成:基质沥青100份、橡胶粉45份、废旧机油25份、降粘剂3份和稳定剂0.5份。
本实施例的一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青的制备方法,采用上述质量分数的的原料,该方法包括以下步骤:
步骤1):橡胶粉微波改性:
取一定质量橡胶粉于烧杯中,按橡胶粉质量分数加入废旧机油,用玻璃棒将废旧机油和橡胶粉搅拌均匀后置于60℃烘箱中保温预溶胀1小时,使废旧机油和橡胶粉充分浸润,保温结束后,将橡胶粉倒入圆瓷盘中用玻璃棒摊铺均匀最厚不得超过1cm,然后将瓷盘放入微波炉中对橡胶粉进行微波改性处理4min,最后取出冷却至室温。
步骤2)和步骤3)与实施例1中相同。
实施例6:
本实施例给出一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青,以重量份数计,由以下原料制成:基质沥青100份、橡胶粉45份、废旧机油15份、降粘剂3份和稳定剂0.5份。
本实施例的一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青的制备方法,采用上述质量分数的的原料,该方法包括以下步骤:
步骤1):橡胶粉微波改性:
取一定质量橡胶粉于烧杯中,按橡胶粉质量分数加入废旧机油,用玻璃棒将废旧机油和橡胶粉搅拌均匀后置于60℃烘箱中保温预溶胀1小时,使废旧机油和橡胶粉充分浸润,保温结束后,将橡胶粉倒入圆瓷盘中用玻璃棒摊铺均匀最厚不得超过1cm,然后将瓷盘放入微波炉中对橡胶粉进行微波改性处理5min,最后取出冷却至室温。
步骤2)和步骤3)与实施例1中相同。
实施例7:
本实施例给出一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青,以重量份数计,由以下原料制成:基质沥青100份、橡胶粉50份、废旧机油15份、降粘剂3份和稳定剂0.5份。
本实施例的一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青的制备方法与实施例3相同。
实施例8:
本实施例给出一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青,以重量份数计,由以下原料制成:基质沥青100份、橡胶粉55份、废旧机油15份、降粘剂3份和稳定剂1份。
本实施例的一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青的制备方法与实施例2相同。
实施例9:
本实施例给出一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青,以重量份数计,由以下原料制成:基质沥青100份、橡胶粉60份、废旧机油20份、降粘剂4份和稳定剂1份。
本实施例的一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青的制备方法与实施例2相同。
实施例10:
本实施例给出一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青,以重量份数计,由以下原料制成:基质沥青100份、橡胶粉65份、废旧机油20份、降粘剂4份和稳定剂2份。
本实施例的一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青的制备方法与实施例2相同。
实施例11:
本实施例给出一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青,以重量份数计,由以下原 料制成:基质沥青100份、橡胶粉65份、废旧机油10份、降粘剂4份和稳定剂1.5份。
本实施例的一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青的制备方法与实施例2相同。
实施例12:
本实施例给出一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青,以重量份数计,由以下原料制成:基质沥青100份、橡胶粉60份、废旧机油20份、降粘剂4份和稳定剂1.5份。
本实施例中的沥青为克拉玛依90#道路石油沥青。
本实施例的一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青的制备方法与实施例2相同。
实施例13:
本实施例给出一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青,以重量份数计,由以下原料制成:基质沥青100份、橡胶粉60份、废旧机油20份、降粘剂4份和稳定剂1.5份。
本实施例的一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青的制备方法,采用所述的高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青的原料,该方法包括以下步骤:
步骤1)、步骤2)与实施例2相同。
步骤3):预混物的高温、高速剪切与降黏:
步骤2)结束后,撤去剪切机,并继续升高温度,将剪切机机头浸没在沥青1.5cm以下且与容器底部有一定的距离,待温度达到230℃时打开剪切机至3000r/min,将温度控制在230~240℃之间,剪切1.5小时后加入降粘剂(聚乙烯蜡)再剪切2小时后制得高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青。
实施例14:
本实施例给出一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青,以重量份数计,由以下原 料制成:基质沥青100份、橡胶粉65份、废旧机油25份、降粘剂4份和稳定剂1.5份。
本实施例的一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青的制备方法,采用所述的高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青的原料,该方法包括以下步骤:
步骤1)、步骤2)与实施例3相同。
步骤3):预混物的高温、高速剪切与降黏:
步骤2)结束后,撤去剪切机,并继续升高温度,将剪切机机头浸没在沥青1.5cm以下且与容器底部有一定的距离,待温度达到230℃时打开剪切机至3000r/min,将温度控制在230~240℃之间,剪切1.5小时后加入降粘剂再剪切2.5小时后制得高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青。
表2各实施例的性能试验结果
Figure PCTCN2020102107-appb-000001
由表2检测数据分析可知:
1、对橡胶粉的改性处理可以降低高掺量橡胶粉改性沥青的粘度,提高其稳定性。
2、没加入废旧机油对橡胶粉进行改性处理可以改善高掺量橡胶粉改性沥青的稳定性,但比加入废旧机油后改性改性的橡胶粉差。
3、保温发育使橡胶粉预溶胀有助于改善提高高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青的稳定性。
4、微波加热可促进橡胶粉的裂解,提高橡胶粉掺量,保证了高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青中橡胶粉和沥青的相容性。
5、只加入废旧机油不进行保温和微波处理时,废旧机油只能提高降低粘度的作用。

Claims (10)

  1. 废旧机油在橡胶粉改性方面的应用。
  2. 废旧机油在高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青方面的应用。
  3. 一种改性橡胶粉,其特征在于:其组分包括橡胶粉和废旧机油,按质量配比为,橡胶粉:废旧机油=9~13:2~5。
  4. 一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青,其特征在于:其组分包括基质沥青、橡胶粉、废旧机油、降粘剂和稳定剂。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青,其特征在于:所述高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青的各组分按质量配比为,
    基质沥青:橡胶粉:废旧机油:降粘剂:稳定剂=100:45~65:10~25:3~5:0.5~2。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青,其特征在于,所述高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青的各组分按质量配比为,
    基质沥青:橡胶粉:废旧机油:降粘剂:稳定剂=100:50~60:15~25:3~5:1~2。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青,其特征在于:所述橡胶粉为40目废旧轮胎胶粉,所述降粘剂为聚乙烯蜡;所述稳定剂为聚乙烯。
  8. 一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
    步骤1):按照质量比在橡胶粉中加入废旧机油并进行改性处理,得到改性橡胶粉;
    步骤2):按照质量比对基质沥青、改性橡胶粉和稳定剂进行预混;
    步骤3):对预混物进行高温、高速剪切和降黏。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青的制备方法,其特征在于,
    所述步骤1)具体为:
    步骤1.1)取橡胶粉置于容器中,向容器中加入配方量的废旧机油;
    步骤1.2)将废旧机油和橡胶粉搅拌充分后进行预溶胀:将配比好的橡胶粉和废旧机油搅拌均匀后置于50‐70℃环境中持续0.8‐1.2h,使废旧机油和橡胶粉充分浸润;
    步骤1.3):将充分浸润的混合物用微波改性法进行改性处理,之后取出冷却,得到改性橡胶粉;
    所述步骤2)具体为:
    步骤2.1):将100份质量的基质沥青放置于改性容器,将承载着基质沥青的改性容器放入150‐170℃的环境中持续80‐100min,使基质沥青完全软化,软化后继续加热至170‐190℃;之后利用热源将软化后的沥青的温度控制在175~180℃;
    步骤2.2):将温度控制在175~180℃的基质沥青持续搅拌并加入步骤1)得到的所有改性橡胶粉;
    步骤2.3):待改性橡胶粉全部加入后,持续将温度控制在175~180℃并保持搅拌,然后向混合物中加入配方量的稳定剂;
    步骤2.4)待稳定剂全部加入后将混合物的温度控制在175~180℃并加速搅拌,加速搅拌的持续时间为0.7‐1.3h。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青的制备方法, 其特征在于:所述步骤3)具体为:
    将步骤2)所得的混合物加热升温至230‐240℃,恒温搅拌1.3‐1.7h,之后加入降粘剂并持续搅拌2.3‐2.7h后得到高掺量改性橡胶粉改性沥青。
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