WO2021004007A1 - Foundation reinforcement method for conventional building - Google Patents

Foundation reinforcement method for conventional building Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021004007A1
WO2021004007A1 PCT/CN2019/125490 CN2019125490W WO2021004007A1 WO 2021004007 A1 WO2021004007 A1 WO 2021004007A1 CN 2019125490 W CN2019125490 W CN 2019125490W WO 2021004007 A1 WO2021004007 A1 WO 2021004007A1
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Prior art keywords
foundation
holes
pile
grouting
equidistant
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PCT/CN2019/125490
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
练超
郭伟民
刘超
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上海建为历保科技股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2021004007A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021004007A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/142—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/143—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being phosphogypsum
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/48—Foundations inserted underneath existing buildings or constructions

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of building foundation reinforcement, in particular to a foundation reinforcement method for traditional buildings.
  • the above methods cannot provide a large reaction force to the upper structure, and the foundation soil is loess, the foundation is a strip foundation or an independent foundation under a column, and the foundation of an existing building with a small number of layers is not easy to construct, or is not in design theory. It conforms to the characteristics of the original building structure and foundation and the problem of poor reinforcement effect.
  • the present invention provides a foundation reinforcement method for traditional buildings, which has the advantages of better reinforcement effect on the building foundation, and solves the problem of poor reinforcement effect.
  • a foundation reinforcement method for traditional buildings including construction steps:
  • the reinforcement engineers first collect detailed engineering quality, hydrogeology and basic design data, according to the structure type, load size and use requirements, combined with topography, soil structure, environment and adjacent buildings
  • the focus of the foundation treatment plan is the preliminary selection and consideration due to the influence of objects and other factors.
  • joint actions should be considered for the superstructure, foundation and foundation.
  • Set-up According to the design requirements of multiple single pipes for simultaneous grouting, determine the drilling position of a single equidistant three holes and three equidistant holes between two rows to form the grouting holes for holding piles, or a single etc. The four holes of the distance and the four holes of equal distance between the two rows form the drilling positions of the grouting holes for holding the pile.
  • Digging pile holes and inserting pipes dig construction trenches, and manually dig holes to form pile holes according to the determined construction parameters. After drilling, keep the holes unblocked, and immediately lower the pipe after lifting the pole. The next DN32 pipe is based on The buried depth of the foundation and the condition of the foundation, the DN32 pipe is made into a flower tube within the range of the buried depth of the foundation 3 to 4 meters. The method of the flower tube: arrange one layer of grout holes every 150mm, and evenly distribute 6 grout holes with a diameter of 6mm on each layer Finally, a DN20 tube is placed in the DN32 tube, and the bottom of the DN20 tube is made into a flower tube within 2 to 5 meters.
  • Pressure pouring pile body pour concrete while throwing stones into the dug pile hole, and expand the section of the pile body at 1.5-2m from the pile end, and the ratio of the diameter of the enlarged bottom end to the pile body diameter is D/ d ⁇ 3.0, the slope a/h1 of the side of the expanded bottom end is 1/3 ⁇ 1/2, the height of the slope of the side of the expanded bottom end h2 is 0.10D ⁇ 0.15D; start to use expansive concrete 1.5 ⁇ 3m away from the base of the building During pouring and pressure grouting, three equidistant holes or four equidistant holes are simultaneously grouted, and the pipe withdrawal grouting method is adopted, that is, each hole is injected in batches during grouting, and when 25% is injected, the pipe is withdrawn once.
  • the components of the expansive concrete include: phosphogypsum 70-75%, 6-8% of natural alunite, 5-8% of calcined coal gangue, 2-6% of alum mud, 3-17% of calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent.
  • the expansive concrete includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: phosphogypsum 71-75%, natural alunite 7-8%, calcined coal gangue 6-8%, alum mud 3-8%, sulfoaluminate Calcium swelling agent 3 ⁇ 13%.
  • the expansive concrete includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: phosphogypsum 72-75%, natural alunite 6.5-8%, calcined coal gangue 5.5-8%, alum mud 5-6%, sulfoaluminate 3 ⁇ 11% of calcium swelling agent.
  • the expansive concrete includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: phosphogypsum 73 to 75%, natural alunite 7 to 8%, calcined coal gangue 7 to 8%, alum mud 5 to 6%, sulfoaluminate 3 ⁇ 8% calcium swelling agent.
  • the expansive concrete includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: phosphogypsum 73-75%, natural alunite 6.5-8%, calcined coal gangue 5.5-8%, alumina mud 4.5-6%, sulfoaluminate Calcium swelling agent 3 ⁇ 10.5%.
  • the expansive concrete includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: phosphogypsum 70-73%, natural alunite 6-7%, calcined coal gangue 5-7%, alumina mud 2-5%, sulfoaluminate Calcium swelling agent 8-17%.
  • the expansive concrete includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: phosphogypsum 70-73%, natural alunite 6-6.5%, calcined coal gangue 5-7%, alum mud 2-4.5%, sulfoaluminate Calcium swelling agent 9-17%.
  • the expansive concrete includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: phosphogypsum 70-71%, natural alunite 6-6.5%, calcined coal gangue 5-5.5%, alum mud 2-3%, sulfoaluminate Calcium swelling agent 14-17%.
  • the present invention provides a foundation reinforcement method for traditional buildings, which has the following beneficial effects:
  • the foundation reinforcement method used in traditional buildings by setting up holding piles, directly using mechanical holes or manual digging holes on the pile position, placing steel bars and pouring concrete in the holes, which is not restricted by ground changes and does not need to be connected.
  • the piles and cut piles have strong adaptability, relatively stable stress, compression and pull resistance, low vibration, low noise, etc. Because they have no negative effects of soil squeezing, they can also pass through various hard interlayers, rock-socketed and The ability to enter various hard-bearing layers, the geometric size of the pile and the bearing capacity of a single pile have a large adjustable space, so that the effect of strengthening the building foundation is better.
  • the foundation reinforcement method used in traditional buildings By laying a cushion between the top of the pile and the foundation of the existing building, the modulus of the pile is much larger than that of the soil, and the pile is less deformed than the soil.
  • the cushion can make the pile Piercing upwards, along with this change process, the cushion layer material is constantly added to the soil between the piles, so as to ensure that a part of the load acts on the soil between the piles through the cushion layer, realizing the joint effect of the pile and the soil.
  • a method for strengthening the foundation of traditional buildings which is characterized in that it comprises the following construction steps:
  • the reinforcement engineers first collect detailed engineering quality, hydrogeology and basic design data, according to the structure type, load size and use requirements, combined with topography, soil structure, environment and adjacent buildings
  • the focus of the foundation treatment plan is the preliminary selection and consideration due to the influence of objects and other factors.
  • joint actions should be considered for the superstructure, foundation and foundation.
  • Set-up According to the design requirements of multiple single pipes for simultaneous grouting, determine the drilling position of a single equidistant three holes and three equidistant holes between two rows to form the grouting holes for holding piles, or a single etc. The four holes of the distance and the four holes of equal distance between the two rows form the drilling positions of the grouting holes for holding the pile.
  • Digging pile holes and inserting pipes dig construction trenches, and manually dig holes to form pile holes according to the determined construction parameters. After drilling, keep the holes unblocked, and immediately lower the pipe after lifting the pole. The next DN32 pipe is based on The buried depth of the foundation and the condition of the foundation, the DN32 pipe is made into a flower tube within the range of the buried depth of the foundation 3 to 4 meters. The method of the flower tube: arrange one layer of grout holes every 150mm, and evenly distribute 6 grout holes with a diameter of 6mm on each layer Finally, a DN20 tube is placed in the DN32 tube, and the bottom of the DN20 tube is made into a flower tube within 2 to 5 meters.
  • Pressure pouring pile body pour concrete while throwing stones into the dug pile hole, and expand the section of the pile body at 1.5-2m from the pile end, and the ratio of the diameter of the enlarged bottom end to the pile body diameter is D/ d ⁇ 3.0, the slope a/h1 of the side of the expanded bottom end is 1/3 ⁇ 1/2, the height of the slope of the side of the expanded bottom end h2 is 0.10D ⁇ 0.15D; start to use expansive concrete 1.5 ⁇ 3m away from the base of the building During pouring and pressure grouting, three equidistant holes or four equidistant holes are simultaneously grouted, and the pipe withdrawal grouting method is adopted, that is, each hole is injected in batches during grouting, and when 25% is injected, the pipe is withdrawn once.
  • the components of the expansive concrete include: phosphogypsum 70%, natural alum Stone 6%, calcined coal gangue 5%, alumina mud 2%, calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent 17%.
  • a method for strengthening the foundation of traditional buildings which is characterized in that it comprises the following construction steps:
  • the reinforcement engineers first collect detailed engineering quality, hydrogeology and basic design data, according to the structure type, load size and use requirements, combined with topography, soil structure, environment and adjacent buildings
  • the focus of the foundation treatment plan is the preliminary selection and consideration due to the influence of objects and other factors.
  • joint actions should be considered for the superstructure, foundation and foundation.
  • Set-up According to the design requirements of multiple single pipes for simultaneous grouting, determine the drilling position of a single equidistant three holes and three equidistant holes between two rows to form the grouting holes for holding piles, or a single etc. The four holes of the distance and the four holes of equal distance between the two rows form the drilling positions of the grouting holes for holding the pile.
  • Digging pile holes and inserting pipes dig construction trenches, and manually dig holes to form pile holes according to the determined construction parameters. After drilling, keep the holes unblocked, and immediately lower the pipe after lifting the pole. The next DN32 pipe is based on The buried depth of the foundation and the condition of the foundation, the DN32 pipe is made into a flower tube within the range of the buried depth of the foundation 3 to 4 meters. The method of the flower tube: arrange one layer of grout holes every 150mm, and evenly distribute 6 grout holes with a diameter of 6mm on each layer Finally, a DN20 tube is placed in the DN32 tube, and the bottom of the DN20 tube is made into a flower tube within 2 to 5 meters.
  • Pressure pouring pile body pour concrete while throwing stones into the dug pile hole, and expand the section of the pile body at 1.5-2m from the pile end, and the ratio of the diameter of the enlarged bottom end to the pile body diameter is D/ d ⁇ 3.0, the slope a/h1 of the side of the expanded bottom end is 1/3 ⁇ 1/2, the height of the slope of the side of the expanded bottom end h2 is 0.10D ⁇ 0.15D; start to use expansive concrete 1.5 ⁇ 3m away from the base of the building During pouring and pressure grouting, three equidistant holes or four equidistant holes are simultaneously grouted, and the pipe withdrawal grouting method is adopted, that is, each hole is injected in batches during grouting, and when 25% is injected, the pipe is withdrawn once.
  • the components of the expansive concrete include: phosphogypsum 75%, natural alum Stone 8%, calcined coal gangue 8%, alum mud 6%, calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent 3%.
  • a method for strengthening the foundation of traditional buildings which is characterized in that it comprises the following construction steps:
  • the reinforcement engineers first collect detailed engineering quality, hydrogeology and basic design data, according to the structure type, load size and use requirements, combined with topography, soil structure, environment and adjacent buildings
  • the focus of the foundation treatment plan is the preliminary selection and consideration due to the influence of objects and other factors.
  • joint actions should be considered for the superstructure, foundation and foundation.
  • Set-up According to the design requirements of multiple single pipes for simultaneous grouting, determine the drilling position of a single equidistant three holes and three equidistant holes between two rows to form the grouting holes for holding piles, or a single etc. The four holes of the distance and the four holes of equal distance between the two rows form the drilling positions of the grouting holes for holding the pile.
  • Digging pile holes and inserting pipes dig construction trenches, and manually dig holes to form pile holes according to the determined construction parameters. After drilling, keep the holes unblocked, and immediately lower the pipe after lifting the pole. The next DN32 pipe is based on The buried depth of the foundation and the condition of the foundation, the DN32 pipe is made into a flower tube within the range of the buried depth of the foundation 3 to 4 meters. The method of the flower tube: arrange one layer of grout holes every 150mm, and evenly distribute 6 grout holes with a diameter of 6mm on each layer Finally, a DN20 tube is placed in the DN32 tube, and the bottom of the DN20 tube is made into a flower tube within 2 to 5 meters.
  • Pressure pouring pile body pour concrete while throwing stones into the dug pile hole, and expand the section of the pile body at 1.5-2m from the pile end, and the ratio of the diameter of the enlarged bottom end to the pile body diameter is D/ d ⁇ 3.0, the slope a/h1 of the side of the expanded bottom end is 1/3 ⁇ 1/2, the height of the slope of the side of the expanded bottom end h2 is 0.10D ⁇ 0.15D; start to use expansive concrete 1.5 ⁇ 3m away from the base of the building During pouring and pressure grouting, three equidistant holes or four equidistant holes are simultaneously grouted, and the pipe withdrawal grouting method is adopted, that is, each hole is injected in batches during grouting, and when 25% is injected, the pipe is withdrawn once.
  • the components of the expanded concrete include: phosphogypsum 72%, natural alum Stone 7%, calcined coal gangue 6%, alumina mud 5%, calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent 10%.
  • a method for strengthening the foundation of traditional buildings which is characterized in that it comprises the following construction steps:
  • the reinforcement engineers first collect detailed engineering quality, hydrogeology and basic design data, according to the structure type, load size and use requirements, combined with topography, soil structure, environment and adjacent buildings
  • the focus of the foundation treatment plan is the preliminary selection and consideration due to the influence of objects and other factors.
  • joint actions should be considered for the superstructure, foundation and foundation.
  • Set-up According to the design requirements of multiple single pipes for simultaneous grouting, determine the drilling position of a single equidistant three holes and three equidistant holes between two rows to form the grouting holes for holding piles, or a single, etc. The four holes of the distance and the four holes of equal distance between the two rows form the drilling positions of the grouting holes for holding the pile.
  • Digging pile holes and inserting pipes dig construction trenches, and manually dig holes to form pile holes according to the determined construction parameters. After drilling, keep the holes unblocked, and immediately lower the pipe after lifting the pole. The next DN32 pipe is based on The buried depth of the foundation and the condition of the foundation, the DN32 pipe is made into a flower tube within the range of the buried depth of the foundation 3 to 4 meters. The method of the flower tube: arrange one layer of grout holes every 150mm, and evenly distribute 6 grout holes with a diameter of 6mm on each layer Finally, a DN20 tube is placed in the DN32 tube, and the bottom of the DN20 tube is made into a flower tube within 2 to 5 meters.
  • Pressure pouring pile body pour concrete while throwing stones into the dug pile hole, and expand the section of the pile body at 1.5-2m from the pile end, and the ratio of the diameter of the enlarged bottom end to the pile body diameter is D/ d ⁇ 3.0, the slope a/h1 of the side of the expanded bottom end is 1/3 ⁇ 1/2, the height of the slope of the side of the expanded bottom end h2 is 0.10D ⁇ 0.15D; start to use expansive concrete 1.5 ⁇ 3m away from the base of the building During pouring and pressure grouting, three equidistant holes or four equidistant holes are simultaneously grouted, and the pipe withdrawal grouting method is adopted, that is, each hole is injected in batches during grouting, and when 25% is injected, the pipe is withdrawn once.
  • the components of the expansive concrete include: phosphogypsum 71%, natural alum Stone 7%, calcined coal gangue 3%, alumina mud 6%, calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent 13%.
  • a method for strengthening the foundation of traditional buildings which is characterized in that it comprises the following construction steps:
  • the reinforcement engineers first collect detailed engineering quality, hydrogeology and basic design data, according to the structure type, load size and use requirements, combined with topography, soil structure, environment and adjacent buildings
  • the focus of the foundation treatment plan is the preliminary selection and consideration due to the influence of objects and other factors.
  • joint actions should be considered for the superstructure, foundation and foundation.
  • Set-up According to the design requirements of multiple single pipes for simultaneous grouting, determine the drilling position of a single equidistant three holes and three equidistant holes between two rows to form the grouting holes for holding piles, or a single, etc. The four holes of the distance and the four holes of equal distance between the two rows form the drilling positions of the grouting holes for holding the pile.
  • Digging pile holes and inserting pipes dig construction trenches, and manually dig holes to form pile holes according to the determined construction parameters. After drilling, keep the holes unblocked, and immediately lower the pipe after lifting the pole. The next DN32 pipe is based on The buried depth of the foundation and the condition of the foundation, the DN32 pipe is made into a flower tube within the range of the buried depth of the foundation 3 to 4 meters. The method of the flower tube: arrange one layer of grout holes every 150mm, and evenly distribute 6 grout holes with a diameter of 6mm on each layer Finally, a DN20 tube is placed in the DN32 tube, and the bottom of the DN20 tube is made into a flower tube within 2 to 5 meters.
  • Pressure pouring pile body pour concrete while throwing stones into the dug pile hole, and expand the section of the pile body at 1.5-2m from the pile end, and the ratio of the diameter of the enlarged bottom end to the pile body diameter is D/ d ⁇ 3.0, the slope a/h1 of the side of the expanded bottom end is 1/3 ⁇ 1/2, the height of the slope of the side of the expanded bottom end h2 is 0.10D ⁇ 0.15D; start to use expansive concrete 1.5 ⁇ 3m away from the base of the building During pouring and pressure grouting, three equidistant holes or four equidistant holes are simultaneously grouted, and the pipe withdrawal grouting method is adopted, that is, each hole is injected in batches during grouting, and when 25% is injected, the pipe is withdrawn once.
  • the components of the expanded concrete include: phosphogypsum 72%, natural alum Stone 7%, calcined coal gangue 6%, alumina mud 5%, calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent 10%.
  • Embodiment 6 is a diagrammatic representation of Embodiment 6
  • a method for strengthening the foundation of traditional buildings which is characterized in that it comprises the following construction steps:
  • the reinforcement engineers first collect detailed engineering quality, hydrogeology and basic design data, according to the structure type, load size and use requirements, combined with topography, soil structure, environment and adjacent buildings
  • the focus of the foundation treatment plan is the preliminary selection and consideration due to the influence of objects and other factors.
  • joint actions should be considered for the superstructure, foundation and foundation.
  • Set-up According to the design requirements of multiple single pipes for simultaneous grouting, determine the drilling position of a single equidistant three holes and three equidistant holes between two rows to form the grouting holes for holding piles, or a single etc. The four holes of the distance and the four holes of equal distance between the two rows form the drilling positions of the grouting holes for holding the pile.
  • Digging pile holes and inserting pipes dig construction trenches, and manually dig holes to form pile holes according to the determined construction parameters. After drilling, keep the holes unblocked, and immediately lower the pipe after lifting the pole. The next DN32 pipe is based on The buried depth of the foundation and the condition of the foundation, the DN32 pipe is made into a flower tube within the range of the buried depth of the foundation 3 to 4 meters. The method of the flower tube: arrange one layer of grout holes every 150mm, and evenly distribute 6 grout holes with a diameter of 6mm on each layer Finally, a DN20 tube is placed in the DN32 tube, and the bottom of the DN20 tube is made into a flower tube within 2 to 5 meters.
  • Pressure pouring pile body pour concrete while throwing stones into the dug pile hole, and expand the section of the pile body at 1.5-2m from the pile end, and the ratio of the diameter of the enlarged bottom end to the pile body diameter is D/ d ⁇ 3.0, the slope a/h1 of the side of the expanded bottom end is 1/3 ⁇ 1/2, the height of the slope of the side of the expanded bottom end h2 is 0.10D ⁇ 0.15D; start to use expansive concrete 1.5 ⁇ 3m away from the base of the building During pouring and pressure grouting, three equidistant holes or four equidistant holes are simultaneously grouted, and the pipe withdrawal grouting method is adopted, that is, each hole is injected in batches during grouting, and when 25% is injected, the pipe is withdrawn once.
  • the components of the expansive concrete include: phosphogypsum 73%, natural alum Stone 7%, calcined coal gangue 6%, alumina mud 3%, calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent 11%.
  • the foundation reinforcement method used in traditional buildings is not restricted by changes in the ground, by setting up holding piles, making holes mechanically or manually digging holes directly on the pile position, placing steel bars and pouring concrete in the holes, There is no need to connect and cut piles. It has strong adaptability, relatively stable stress, compression resistance and pull resistance, low vibration and low noise. Because it has no negative effects of soil squeezing, it also has the ability to pass through various hard interlayers, The ability of rock-socketing and entering various hard-bearing layers, the geometric size of the pile and the bearing capacity of a single pile have a large adjustable space, so that the effect of strengthening the building foundation is better.
  • the modulus of the pile is much larger than that of the soil, and the pile is less deformed than the soil.
  • the cushion can make the pile penetrate upwards.
  • the cushion material is constantly added to the soil between the piles to ensure Part of the load acts on the soil between the piles through the cushion layer, realizing the joint action of the pile and the soil.

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Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of building foundation reinforcement, comprising material collection, analysis and selection, construction parameter determining, setting out, pile hole excavation and pipe insertion, sealing, pressure pouring of a pile, and laying of a cushion. According to the foundation reinforcement method for a conventional building, by providing a holding pile, strong adaptability is provided and force is relatively stably borne; because there is no soil compaction negative effect, and capabilities of passing through various hard interlayers and embedded rocks and entering various hard supporting layers are provided, the geometric size of the pile and the bearing capacity of a single pile can be adjusted in a large range, and thus, the building foundation reinforcement effect is better.

Description

一种用于传统建筑的地基加固方法A method for strengthening the foundation of traditional buildings 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及建筑物地基加固技术领域，具体为一种用于传统建筑的地基加固方法。 The invention relates to the technical field of building foundation reinforcement, in particular to a foundation reinforcement method for traditional buildings.
背景技术Background technique
我国地域辽阔，自然地理环境不同、土质各异，地基条件区域性较强，随着经济建设的发展，不仅事先要选择在地质良好的场地从事建设，而且有时也不得不在地质条件不好的地方修建。随着社会经济的发展，城市用地日益紧张。在现有的建筑物地基加固工程中，经常采用的方法有基础补强加固法、加大基础底面积法、加深基础法、锚杆静压桩法、高压喷射注浆法、灰土挤密桩法、树根桩法、坑式静压桩法、石灰桩法等。my country has a vast territory, different natural geographical environment, different soil quality, and strong regional foundation conditions. With the development of economic construction, not only should we choose in advance for construction on sites with good geological conditions, but also sometimes have to be in places with poor geological conditions. Build. With the development of social economy, urban land is becoming increasingly tense. In existing building foundation reinforcement projects, the methods often used include foundation reinforcement and reinforcement, enlarged foundation area method, deepened foundation method, anchor static pressure pile method, high pressure jet grouting method, lime soil compaction pile Method, root pile method, pit static pressure pile method, lime pile method, etc.
上述各方法对上部结构不能提供较大反力且地基土为黄土、地基为条形基础或柱下独立基础以及层数较少的既有建筑地基的加固或不易施工、或在设计理论上不符合原有建筑结构与基础的特点以及加固效果较差的问题。The above methods cannot provide a large reaction force to the upper structure, and the foundation soil is loess, the foundation is a strip foundation or an independent foundation under a column, and the foundation of an existing building with a small number of layers is not easy to construct, or is not in design theory. It conforms to the characteristics of the original building structure and foundation and the problem of poor reinforcement effect.
技术问题technical problem
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供了一种用于传统建筑的地基加固方法，具备对建筑地基加固效果较好等优点，解决了加固效果较差的问题。In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a foundation reinforcement method for traditional buildings, which has the advantages of better reinforcement effect on the building foundation, and solves the problem of poor reinforcement effect.
技术解决方案Technical solutions
为实现上述用于传统建筑的地基加固方法的目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种用于传统建筑的地基加固方法，包括施工步骤：In order to achieve the purpose of the above-mentioned foundation reinforcement method for traditional buildings, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a foundation reinforcement method for traditional buildings, including construction steps:
1）、材料收集：加固工程人员先进行材料收集详细的工程质量、水文地质和基础设计资料，按结构类型，负载的大小和使用要求的问题，结合地形地貌，土壤结构，环境和毗邻的建筑物和其他因素的影响，地基处理方案的重点是初步选定审议，此外，地基加固处理方案的选择上，应该考虑采取联合行动上层建筑、地基与基础。1). Material collection: The reinforcement engineers first collect detailed engineering quality, hydrogeology and basic design data, according to the structure type, load size and use requirements, combined with topography, soil structure, environment and adjacent buildings The focus of the foundation treatment plan is the preliminary selection and consideration due to the influence of objects and other factors. In addition, in the selection of the foundation reinforcement treatment plan, joint actions should be considered for the superstructure, foundation and foundation.
2）、分析和选择：对地基进行钻孔排查，查明地基土坚硬层深度、地基软弱情况及地基土中含水量情况，根据建筑物的荷载、现有地基承载力值，确定地基加固所需要增大的承载力，从而确定需要钻孔深度、钻孔间距、注浆量等指标。2) Analysis and selection: conduct drilling and inspection of the foundation, find out the depth of the hard layer of the foundation soil, the softness of the foundation and the moisture content of the foundation soil, and determine the foundation reinforcement site according to the load of the building and the existing foundation bearing capacity. Need to increase the bearing capacity to determine the required drilling depth, drilling spacing, grouting volume and other indicators.
3）、确定施工参数：确定加固所需桩的根数、尺寸和位置。3) Determine the construction parameters: determine the number, size and location of the piles required for reinforcement.
4）、放线：根据多个单管同步注浆的设计要求，确定单个等距离的三孔和两排之间等距离的三孔形成抱桩的注浆孔的钻孔位置，或单个等距离的四孔和两排之间等距离的四孔形成抱桩的注浆孔的钻孔位置。4). Set-up: According to the design requirements of multiple single pipes for simultaneous grouting, determine the drilling position of a single equidistant three holes and three equidistant holes between two rows to form the grouting holes for holding piles, or a single etc. The four holes of the distance and the four holes of equal distance between the two rows form the drilling positions of the grouting holes for holding the pile.
5）、挖桩孔以及插管：挖施工槽，并根据所确定的施工参数人工挖孔形成桩孔，钻孔后要保持孔畅通，起杆后立即下管，先下一个DN32管，根据基础埋深及地基情况，DN32管在基础埋深3～4米以下范围内做成花管，花管做法：每150mm布置一层出浆孔，每层均匀分布6个孔径为6mm的出浆孔，最后在DN32管内下一根DN20管，DN20管底部2～5米范围内做成花管。5) Digging pile holes and inserting pipes: dig construction trenches, and manually dig holes to form pile holes according to the determined construction parameters. After drilling, keep the holes unblocked, and immediately lower the pipe after lifting the pole. The next DN32 pipe is based on The buried depth of the foundation and the condition of the foundation, the DN32 pipe is made into a flower tube within the range of the buried depth of the foundation 3 to 4 meters. The method of the flower tube: arrange one layer of grout holes every 150mm, and evenly distribute 6 grout holes with a diameter of 6mm on each layer Finally, a DN20 tube is placed in the DN32 tube, and the bottom of the DN20 tube is made into a flower tube within 2 to 5 meters.
6）、封口：孔口据地面2～4米范围内填充干水泥，将孔口封严。6) Sealing: Fill the hole with dry cement within 2 to 4 meters of the ground, and seal the hole tightly.
7）、压力浇注桩体：向挖好的桩孔中边抛入石块边倒入混凝土，并且在桩端1.5～2m处桩体扩大截面，其扩底端直径与桩身直径比D/d≤3.0，扩底端侧面的斜率a/h1为1/3～1/2，扩底端侧面斜坡矢高h2为0.10D～0.15D；在距离建筑物基础底1.5～3m处开始用膨胀混凝土浇筑，压力注浆时三个等距离的孔或四个等距离的孔同步注浆，并采用退管注浆法，即每孔注浆时分批次注入，注入25％时，退管一次，继续注入25％，再退管一次，依次类推，直至注浆完成，利用压力注浆的串浆原理，使其单个等距离的三孔或两排之间等距离的三孔串浆交错连接，形成一个抱桩，使其单个等距离的四孔或两排之间等距离的四孔串浆交错连接，形成一个抱桩，所述膨胀混凝土的组分，包括：磷石膏70～75%、天然明矾石6～8%、煅烧煤矸石5～8%、矾泥2～6%、硫铝酸钙类膨胀剂3～17%。7) Pressure pouring pile body: pour concrete while throwing stones into the dug pile hole, and expand the section of the pile body at 1.5-2m from the pile end, and the ratio of the diameter of the enlarged bottom end to the pile body diameter is D/ d≤3.0, the slope a/h1 of the side of the expanded bottom end is 1/3～1/2, the height of the slope of the side of the expanded bottom end h2 is 0.10D～0.15D; start to use expansive concrete 1.5～3m away from the base of the building During pouring and pressure grouting, three equidistant holes or four equidistant holes are simultaneously grouted, and the pipe withdrawal grouting method is adopted, that is, each hole is injected in batches during grouting, and when 25% is injected, the pipe is withdrawn once. Continue to inject 25%, then withdraw the pipe one more time, and so on, until the grouting is completed, use the principle of pressure grouting to make a single equidistant three holes or three equidistant holes between two rows of interlaced connection. A holding pile is formed, so that a single equidistant four holes or four equidistant four holes between two rows are connected in series to form a holding pile. The components of the expansive concrete include: phosphogypsum 70-75%, 6-8% of natural alunite, 5-8% of calcined coal gangue, 2-6% of alum mud, 3-17% of calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent.
8）、铺设褥垫层：在桩顶与既有建筑基础之间铺设250～400mm厚的褥垫层。 8) Laying cushions: 250-400mm thick cushions are laid between the pile top and the existing building foundation.
优选的，所述膨胀混凝土包括以下重量份数配比的原料：磷石膏71～75%、天然明矾石7～8%、煅烧煤矸石6～8%、矾泥3～6%、硫铝酸钙类膨胀剂3～13%。Preferably, the expansive concrete includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: phosphogypsum 71-75%, natural alunite 7-8%, calcined coal gangue 6-8%, alum mud 3-8%, sulfoaluminate Calcium swelling agent 3～13%.
优选的，所述膨胀混凝土包括以下重量份数配比的原料：磷石膏72～75%、天然明矾石6.5～8%、煅烧煤矸石5.5～8%、矾泥5～6%、硫铝酸钙类膨胀剂3～11%。Preferably, the expansive concrete includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: phosphogypsum 72-75%, natural alunite 6.5-8%, calcined coal gangue 5.5-8%, alum mud 5-6%, sulfoaluminate 3～11% of calcium swelling agent.
优选的，所述膨胀混凝土包括以下重量份数配比的原料：磷石膏73～75%、天然明矾石7～8%、煅烧煤矸石7～8%、矾泥5～6%、硫铝酸钙类膨胀剂3～8%。Preferably, the expansive concrete includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: phosphogypsum 73 to 75%, natural alunite 7 to 8%, calcined coal gangue 7 to 8%, alum mud 5 to 6%, sulfoaluminate 3～8% calcium swelling agent.
优选的，所述膨胀混凝土包括以下重量份数配比的原料：磷石膏73～75%、天然明矾石6.5～8%、煅烧煤矸石5.5～8%、矾泥4.5～6%、硫铝酸钙类膨胀剂3～10.5%。Preferably, the expansive concrete includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: phosphogypsum 73-75%, natural alunite 6.5-8%, calcined coal gangue 5.5-8%, alumina mud 4.5-6%, sulfoaluminate Calcium swelling agent 3～10.5%.
优选的，所述膨胀混凝土包括以下重量份数配比的原料：磷石膏70～73%、天然明矾石6～7%、煅烧煤矸石5～7%、矾泥2～5%、硫铝酸钙类膨胀剂8～17%。Preferably, the expansive concrete includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: phosphogypsum 70-73%, natural alunite 6-7%, calcined coal gangue 5-7%, alumina mud 2-5%, sulfoaluminate Calcium swelling agent 8-17%.
优选的，所述膨胀混凝土包括以下重量份数配比的原料：磷石膏70～73%、天然明矾石6～6.5%、煅烧煤矸石5～7%、矾泥2～4.5%、硫铝酸钙类膨胀剂9～17%。Preferably, the expansive concrete includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: phosphogypsum 70-73%, natural alunite 6-6.5%, calcined coal gangue 5-7%, alum mud 2-4.5%, sulfoaluminate Calcium swelling agent 9-17%.
优选的，所述膨胀混凝土包括以下重量份数配比的原料：磷石膏70～71%、天然明矾石6～6.5%、煅烧煤矸石5～5.5%、矾泥2～3%、硫铝酸钙类膨胀剂14～17%。Preferably, the expansive concrete includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: phosphogypsum 70-71%, natural alunite 6-6.5%, calcined coal gangue 5-5.5%, alum mud 2-3%, sulfoaluminate Calcium swelling agent 14-17%.
有益效果Beneficial effect
与现有技术相比，本发明提供了一种用于传统建筑的地基加固方法，具备以下有益效果：Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a foundation reinforcement method for traditional buildings, which has the following beneficial effects:
1、该用于传统建筑的地基加固方法，通过设置抱桩，直接在桩位上用机械成孔或人工挖孔，在孔内安放钢筋、灌注混凝土，具有不受地层变化限制，不需要接桩和截桩，适应能力强，受力相对较稳，抗压又抗拔，振动小、噪声小等特点，由于其既不存在挤土负面效应，又具有穿越各种硬夹层、嵌岩和进入各类硬持力层的能力，桩的几何尺寸和单桩的承载力可调空间大，因此使得对建筑地基加固效果更好。1. The foundation reinforcement method used in traditional buildings, by setting up holding piles, directly using mechanical holes or manual digging holes on the pile position, placing steel bars and pouring concrete in the holes, which is not restricted by ground changes and does not need to be connected. The piles and cut piles have strong adaptability, relatively stable stress, compression and pull resistance, low vibration, low noise, etc. Because they have no negative effects of soil squeezing, they can also pass through various hard interlayers, rock-socketed and The ability to enter various hard-bearing layers, the geometric size of the pile and the bearing capacity of a single pile have a large adjustable space, so that the effect of strengthening the building foundation is better.
2、该用于传统建筑的地基加固方法，通过在桩顶与既有建筑基础之间铺设褥垫层，桩的模量远比土的大，桩比土变形小，褥垫层可以使桩向上刺入，伴随这一变化过程，褥垫层材料不断补充到桩间土上，这样保证一部分荷载通过褥垫层作用在桩间土上，实现了桩和土的共同作用。2. The foundation reinforcement method used in traditional buildings. By laying a cushion between the top of the pile and the foundation of the existing building, the modulus of the pile is much larger than that of the soil, and the pile is less deformed than the soil. The cushion can make the pile Piercing upwards, along with this change process, the cushion layer material is constantly added to the soil between the piles, so as to ensure that a part of the load acts on the soil between the piles through the cushion layer, realizing the joint effect of the pile and the soil.
本发明的实施方式Embodiments of the invention
下面将结合本发明的实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
实施例一：Example one:
一种用于传统建筑的地基加固方法，其特征在于，包括施工步骤：A method for strengthening the foundation of traditional buildings, which is characterized in that it comprises the following construction steps:
1）、材料收集：加固工程人员先进行材料收集详细的工程质量、水文地质和基础设计资料，按结构类型，负载的大小和使用要求的问题，结合地形地貌，土壤结构，环境和毗邻的建筑物和其他因素的影响，地基处理方案的重点是初步选定审议，此外，地基加固处理方案的选择上，应该考虑采取联合行动上层建筑、地基与基础。1). Material collection: The reinforcement engineers first collect detailed engineering quality, hydrogeology and basic design data, according to the structure type, load size and use requirements, combined with topography, soil structure, environment and adjacent buildings The focus of the foundation treatment plan is the preliminary selection and consideration due to the influence of objects and other factors. In addition, in the selection of the foundation reinforcement treatment plan, joint actions should be considered for the superstructure, foundation and foundation.
2）、分析和选择：对地基进行钻孔排查，查明地基土坚硬层深度、地基软弱情况及地基土中含水量情况，根据建筑物的荷载、现有地基承载力值，确定地基加固所需要增大的承载力，从而确定需要钻孔深度、钻孔间距、注浆量等指标。2) Analysis and selection: conduct drilling and inspection of the foundation, find out the depth of the hard layer of the foundation soil, the softness of the foundation and the moisture content of the foundation soil, and determine the foundation reinforcement site according to the load of the building and the existing foundation bearing capacity. Need to increase the bearing capacity to determine the required drilling depth, drilling spacing, grouting volume and other indicators.
3）、确定施工参数：确定加固所需桩的根数、尺寸和位置。3) Determine the construction parameters: determine the number, size and location of the piles required for reinforcement.
4）、放线：根据多个单管同步注浆的设计要求，确定单个等距离的三孔和两排之间等距离的三孔形成抱桩的注浆孔的钻孔位置，或单个等距离的四孔和两排之间等距离的四孔形成抱桩的注浆孔的钻孔位置。4). Set-up: According to the design requirements of multiple single pipes for simultaneous grouting, determine the drilling position of a single equidistant three holes and three equidistant holes between two rows to form the grouting holes for holding piles, or a single etc. The four holes of the distance and the four holes of equal distance between the two rows form the drilling positions of the grouting holes for holding the pile.
5）、挖桩孔以及插管：挖施工槽，并根据所确定的施工参数人工挖孔形成桩孔，钻孔后要保持孔畅通，起杆后立即下管，先下一个DN32管，根据基础埋深及地基情况，DN32管在基础埋深3～4米以下范围内做成花管，花管做法：每150mm布置一层出浆孔，每层均匀分布6个孔径为6mm的出浆孔，最后在DN32管内下一根DN20管，DN20管底部2～5米范围内做成花管。5) Digging pile holes and inserting pipes: dig construction trenches, and manually dig holes to form pile holes according to the determined construction parameters. After drilling, keep the holes unblocked, and immediately lower the pipe after lifting the pole. The next DN32 pipe is based on The buried depth of the foundation and the condition of the foundation, the DN32 pipe is made into a flower tube within the range of the buried depth of the foundation 3 to 4 meters. The method of the flower tube: arrange one layer of grout holes every 150mm, and evenly distribute 6 grout holes with a diameter of 6mm on each layer Finally, a DN20 tube is placed in the DN32 tube, and the bottom of the DN20 tube is made into a flower tube within 2 to 5 meters.
6）、封口：孔口据地面2～4米范围内填充干水泥，将孔口封严。6) Sealing: Fill the hole with dry cement within 2 to 4 meters of the ground, and seal the hole tightly.
7）、压力浇注桩体：向挖好的桩孔中边抛入石块边倒入混凝土，并且在桩端1.5～2m处桩体扩大截面，其扩底端直径与桩身直径比D/d≤3.0，扩底端侧面的斜率a/h1为1/3～1/2，扩底端侧面斜坡矢高h2为0.10D～0.15D；在距离建筑物基础底1.5～3m处开始用膨胀混凝土浇筑，压力注浆时三个等距离的孔或四个等距离的孔同步注浆，并采用退管注浆法，即每孔注浆时分批次注入，注入25％时，退管一次，继续注入25％，再退管一次，依次类推，直至注浆完成，利用压力注浆的串浆原理，使其单个等距离的三孔或两排之间等距离的三孔串浆交错连接，形成一个抱桩，使其单个等距离的四孔或两排之间等距离的四孔串浆交错连接，形成一个抱桩，所述膨胀混凝土的组分，包括：磷石膏70%、天然明矾石6%、煅烧煤矸石5%、矾泥2%、硫铝酸钙类膨胀剂17%。7) Pressure pouring pile body: pour concrete while throwing stones into the dug pile hole, and expand the section of the pile body at 1.5-2m from the pile end, and the ratio of the diameter of the enlarged bottom end to the pile body diameter is D/ d≤3.0, the slope a/h1 of the side of the expanded bottom end is 1/3～1/2, the height of the slope of the side of the expanded bottom end h2 is 0.10D～0.15D; start to use expansive concrete 1.5～3m away from the base of the building During pouring and pressure grouting, three equidistant holes or four equidistant holes are simultaneously grouted, and the pipe withdrawal grouting method is adopted, that is, each hole is injected in batches during grouting, and when 25% is injected, the pipe is withdrawn once. Continue to inject 25%, then withdraw the pipe one more time, and so on, until the grouting is completed, use the principle of pressure grouting to make a single equidistant three holes or three equidistant holes between two rows of interlaced connection. A holding pile is formed, so that a single equidistant four holes or four equidistant four holes between two rows are connected in series to form a holding pile. The components of the expansive concrete include: phosphogypsum 70%, natural alum Stone 6%, calcined coal gangue 5%, alumina mud 2%, calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent 17%.
8）、铺设褥垫层：在桩顶与既有建筑基础之间铺设250～400mm厚的褥垫层。8) Laying cushions: 250-400mm thick cushions are laid between the pile top and the existing building foundation.
实施例二：Embodiment two:
一种用于传统建筑的地基加固方法，其特征在于，包括施工步骤：A method for strengthening the foundation of traditional buildings, which is characterized in that it comprises the following construction steps:
1）、材料收集：加固工程人员先进行材料收集详细的工程质量、水文地质和基础设计资料，按结构类型，负载的大小和使用要求的问题，结合地形地貌，土壤结构，环境和毗邻的建筑物和其他因素的影响，地基处理方案的重点是初步选定审议，此外，地基加固处理方案的选择上，应该考虑采取联合行动上层建筑、地基与基础。1). Material collection: The reinforcement engineers first collect detailed engineering quality, hydrogeology and basic design data, according to the structure type, load size and use requirements, combined with topography, soil structure, environment and adjacent buildings The focus of the foundation treatment plan is the preliminary selection and consideration due to the influence of objects and other factors. In addition, in the selection of the foundation reinforcement treatment plan, joint actions should be considered for the superstructure, foundation and foundation.
2）、分析和选择：对地基进行钻孔排查，查明地基土坚硬层深度、地基软弱情况及地基土中含水量情况，根据建筑物的荷载、现有地基承载力值，确定地基加固所需要增大的承载力，从而确定需要钻孔深度、钻孔间距、注浆量等指标。2) Analysis and selection: conduct drilling and inspection of the foundation, find out the depth of the hard layer of the foundation soil, the softness of the foundation and the moisture content of the foundation soil, and determine the foundation reinforcement site according to the load of the building and the existing foundation bearing capacity. Need to increase the bearing capacity to determine the required drilling depth, drilling spacing, grouting volume and other indicators.
3）、确定施工参数：确定加固所需桩的根数、尺寸和位置。3) Determine the construction parameters: determine the number, size and location of the piles required for reinforcement.
4）、放线：根据多个单管同步注浆的设计要求，确定单个等距离的三孔和两排之间等距离的三孔形成抱桩的注浆孔的钻孔位置，或单个等距离的四孔和两排之间等距离的四孔形成抱桩的注浆孔的钻孔位置。4). Set-up: According to the design requirements of multiple single pipes for simultaneous grouting, determine the drilling position of a single equidistant three holes and three equidistant holes between two rows to form the grouting holes for holding piles, or a single etc. The four holes of the distance and the four holes of equal distance between the two rows form the drilling positions of the grouting holes for holding the pile.
5）、挖桩孔以及插管：挖施工槽，并根据所确定的施工参数人工挖孔形成桩孔，钻孔后要保持孔畅通，起杆后立即下管，先下一个DN32管，根据基础埋深及地基情况，DN32管在基础埋深3～4米以下范围内做成花管，花管做法：每150mm布置一层出浆孔，每层均匀分布6个孔径为6mm的出浆孔，最后在DN32管内下一根DN20管，DN20管底部2～5米范围内做成花管。5) Digging pile holes and inserting pipes: dig construction trenches, and manually dig holes to form pile holes according to the determined construction parameters. After drilling, keep the holes unblocked, and immediately lower the pipe after lifting the pole. The next DN32 pipe is based on The buried depth of the foundation and the condition of the foundation, the DN32 pipe is made into a flower tube within the range of the buried depth of the foundation 3 to 4 meters. The method of the flower tube: arrange one layer of grout holes every 150mm, and evenly distribute 6 grout holes with a diameter of 6mm on each layer Finally, a DN20 tube is placed in the DN32 tube, and the bottom of the DN20 tube is made into a flower tube within 2 to 5 meters.
6）、封口：孔口据地面2～4米范围内填充干水泥，将孔口封严。6) Sealing: Fill the hole with dry cement within 2 to 4 meters of the ground, and seal the hole tightly.
7）、压力浇注桩体：向挖好的桩孔中边抛入石块边倒入混凝土，并且在桩端1.5～2m处桩体扩大截面，其扩底端直径与桩身直径比D/d≤3.0，扩底端侧面的斜率a/h1为1/3～1/2，扩底端侧面斜坡矢高h2为0.10D～0.15D；在距离建筑物基础底1.5～3m处开始用膨胀混凝土浇筑，压力注浆时三个等距离的孔或四个等距离的孔同步注浆，并采用退管注浆法，即每孔注浆时分批次注入，注入25％时，退管一次，继续注入25％，再退管一次，依次类推，直至注浆完成，利用压力注浆的串浆原理，使其单个等距离的三孔或两排之间等距离的三孔串浆交错连接，形成一个抱桩，使其单个等距离的四孔或两排之间等距离的四孔串浆交错连接，形成一个抱桩，所述膨胀混凝土的组分，包括：磷石膏75%、天然明矾石8%、煅烧煤矸石8%、矾泥6%、硫铝酸钙类膨胀剂3%。7) Pressure pouring pile body: pour concrete while throwing stones into the dug pile hole, and expand the section of the pile body at 1.5-2m from the pile end, and the ratio of the diameter of the enlarged bottom end to the pile body diameter is D/ d≤3.0, the slope a/h1 of the side of the expanded bottom end is 1/3～1/2, the height of the slope of the side of the expanded bottom end h2 is 0.10D～0.15D; start to use expansive concrete 1.5～3m away from the base of the building During pouring and pressure grouting, three equidistant holes or four equidistant holes are simultaneously grouted, and the pipe withdrawal grouting method is adopted, that is, each hole is injected in batches during grouting, and when 25% is injected, the pipe is withdrawn once. Continue to inject 25%, then withdraw the pipe one more time, and so on, until the grouting is completed, use the principle of pressure grouting to make a single equidistant three holes or three equidistant holes between two rows of interlaced connection. A holding pile is formed so that a single equidistant four holes or four holes at equal distances between two rows are interlaced and connected to form a holding pile. The components of the expansive concrete include: phosphogypsum 75%, natural alum Stone 8%, calcined coal gangue 8%, alum mud 6%, calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent 3%.
8）、铺设褥垫层：在桩顶与既有建筑基础之间铺设250～400mm厚的褥垫层。8) Laying cushions: 250-400mm thick cushions are laid between the pile top and the existing building foundation.
实施例三：Example three:
一种用于传统建筑的地基加固方法，其特征在于，包括施工步骤：A method for strengthening the foundation of traditional buildings, which is characterized in that it comprises the following construction steps:
1）、材料收集：加固工程人员先进行材料收集详细的工程质量、水文地质和基础设计资料，按结构类型，负载的大小和使用要求的问题，结合地形地貌，土壤结构，环境和毗邻的建筑物和其他因素的影响，地基处理方案的重点是初步选定审议，此外，地基加固处理方案的选择上，应该考虑采取联合行动上层建筑、地基与基础。1). Material collection: The reinforcement engineers first collect detailed engineering quality, hydrogeology and basic design data, according to the structure type, load size and use requirements, combined with topography, soil structure, environment and adjacent buildings The focus of the foundation treatment plan is the preliminary selection and consideration due to the influence of objects and other factors. In addition, in the selection of the foundation reinforcement treatment plan, joint actions should be considered for the superstructure, foundation and foundation.
2）、分析和选择：对地基进行钻孔排查，查明地基土坚硬层深度、地基软弱情况及地基土中含水量情况，根据建筑物的荷载、现有地基承载力值，确定地基加固所需要增大的承载力，从而确定需要钻孔深度、钻孔间距、注浆量等指标。2) Analysis and selection: conduct drilling and inspection of the foundation, find out the depth of the hard layer of the foundation soil, the softness of the foundation and the moisture content of the foundation soil, and determine the foundation reinforcement site according to the load of the building and the existing foundation bearing capacity. Need to increase the bearing capacity to determine the required drilling depth, drilling spacing, grouting volume and other indicators.
3）、确定施工参数：确定加固所需桩的根数、尺寸和位置。3) Determine the construction parameters: determine the number, size and location of the piles required for reinforcement.
4）、放线：根据多个单管同步注浆的设计要求，确定单个等距离的三孔和两排之间等距离的三孔形成抱桩的注浆孔的钻孔位置，或单个等距离的四孔和两排之间等距离的四孔形成抱桩的注浆孔的钻孔位置。4). Set-up: According to the design requirements of multiple single pipes for simultaneous grouting, determine the drilling position of a single equidistant three holes and three equidistant holes between two rows to form the grouting holes for holding piles, or a single etc. The four holes of the distance and the four holes of equal distance between the two rows form the drilling positions of the grouting holes for holding the pile.
5）、挖桩孔以及插管：挖施工槽，并根据所确定的施工参数人工挖孔形成桩孔，钻孔后要保持孔畅通，起杆后立即下管，先下一个DN32管，根据基础埋深及地基情况，DN32管在基础埋深3～4米以下范围内做成花管，花管做法：每150mm布置一层出浆孔，每层均匀分布6个孔径为6mm的出浆孔，最后在DN32管内下一根DN20管，DN20管底部2～5米范围内做成花管。5) Digging pile holes and inserting pipes: dig construction trenches, and manually dig holes to form pile holes according to the determined construction parameters. After drilling, keep the holes unblocked, and immediately lower the pipe after lifting the pole. The next DN32 pipe is based on The buried depth of the foundation and the condition of the foundation, the DN32 pipe is made into a flower tube within the range of the buried depth of the foundation 3 to 4 meters. The method of the flower tube: arrange one layer of grout holes every 150mm, and evenly distribute 6 grout holes with a diameter of 6mm on each layer Finally, a DN20 tube is placed in the DN32 tube, and the bottom of the DN20 tube is made into a flower tube within 2 to 5 meters.
6）、封口：孔口据地面2～4米范围内填充干水泥，将孔口封严。6) Sealing: Fill the hole with dry cement within 2 to 4 meters of the ground, and seal the hole tightly.
7）、压力浇注桩体：向挖好的桩孔中边抛入石块边倒入混凝土，并且在桩端1.5～2m处桩体扩大截面，其扩底端直径与桩身直径比D/d≤3.0，扩底端侧面的斜率a/h1为1/3～1/2，扩底端侧面斜坡矢高h2为0.10D～0.15D；在距离建筑物基础底1.5～3m处开始用膨胀混凝土浇筑，压力注浆时三个等距离的孔或四个等距离的孔同步注浆，并采用退管注浆法，即每孔注浆时分批次注入，注入25％时，退管一次，继续注入25％，再退管一次，依次类推，直至注浆完成，利用压力注浆的串浆原理，使其单个等距离的三孔或两排之间等距离的三孔串浆交错连接，形成一个抱桩，使其单个等距离的四孔或两排之间等距离的四孔串浆交错连接，形成一个抱桩，所述膨胀混凝土的组分，包括：磷石膏72%、天然明矾石7%、煅烧煤矸石6%、矾泥5%、硫铝酸钙类膨胀剂10%。7) Pressure pouring pile body: pour concrete while throwing stones into the dug pile hole, and expand the section of the pile body at 1.5-2m from the pile end, and the ratio of the diameter of the enlarged bottom end to the pile body diameter is D/ d≤3.0, the slope a/h1 of the side of the expanded bottom end is 1/3～1/2, the height of the slope of the side of the expanded bottom end h2 is 0.10D～0.15D; start to use expansive concrete 1.5～3m away from the base of the building During pouring and pressure grouting, three equidistant holes or four equidistant holes are simultaneously grouted, and the pipe withdrawal grouting method is adopted, that is, each hole is injected in batches during grouting, and when 25% is injected, the pipe is withdrawn once. Continue to inject 25%, then withdraw the pipe one more time, and so on, until the grouting is completed, use the principle of pressure grouting to make a single equidistant three holes or three equidistant holes between two rows of interlaced connection. A holding pile is formed so that a single equidistant four holes or four holes at equal distances between two rows are connected in series to form a holding pile. The components of the expanded concrete include: phosphogypsum 72%, natural alum Stone 7%, calcined coal gangue 6%, alumina mud 5%, calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent 10%.
8）、铺设褥垫层：在桩顶与既有建筑基础之间铺设250～400mm厚的褥垫层。8) Laying cushions: 250-400mm thick cushions are laid between the pile top and the existing building foundation.
实施例四：Embodiment four:
一种用于传统建筑的地基加固方法，其特征在于，包括施工步骤：A method for strengthening the foundation of traditional buildings, which is characterized in that it comprises the following construction steps:
1）、材料收集：加固工程人员先进行材料收集详细的工程质量、水文地质和基础设计资料，按结构类型，负载的大小和使用要求的问题，结合地形地貌，土壤结构，环境和毗邻的建筑物和其他因素的影响，地基处理方案的重点是初步选定审议，此外，地基加固处理方案的选择上，应该考虑采取联合行动上层建筑、地基与基础。1). Material collection: The reinforcement engineers first collect detailed engineering quality, hydrogeology and basic design data, according to the structure type, load size and use requirements, combined with topography, soil structure, environment and adjacent buildings The focus of the foundation treatment plan is the preliminary selection and consideration due to the influence of objects and other factors. In addition, in the selection of the foundation reinforcement treatment plan, joint actions should be considered for the superstructure, foundation and foundation.
2）、分析和选择：对地基进行钻孔排查，查明地基土坚硬层深度、地基软弱情况及地基土中含水量情况，根据建筑物的荷载、现有地基承载力值，确定地基加固所需要增大的承载力，从而确定需要钻孔深度、钻孔间距、注浆量等指标。2) Analysis and selection: conduct drilling and inspection of the foundation, find out the depth of the hard layer of the foundation soil, the softness of the foundation and the moisture content of the foundation soil, and determine the foundation reinforcement site according to the load of the building and the existing foundation bearing capacity. Need to increase the bearing capacity to determine the required drilling depth, drilling spacing, grouting volume and other indicators.
3）、确定施工参数：确定加固所需桩的根数、尺寸和位置。3) Determine the construction parameters: determine the number, size and location of the piles required for reinforcement.
4）、放线：根据多个单管同步注浆的设计要求，确定单个等距离的三孔和两排之间等距离的三孔形成抱桩的注浆孔的钻孔位置，或单个等距离的四孔和两排之间等距离的四孔形成抱桩的注浆孔的钻孔位置。4). Set-up: According to the design requirements of multiple single pipes for simultaneous grouting, determine the drilling position of a single equidistant three holes and three equidistant holes between two rows to form the grouting holes for holding piles, or a single, etc. The four holes of the distance and the four holes of equal distance between the two rows form the drilling positions of the grouting holes for holding the pile.
5）、挖桩孔以及插管：挖施工槽，并根据所确定的施工参数人工挖孔形成桩孔，钻孔后要保持孔畅通，起杆后立即下管，先下一个DN32管，根据基础埋深及地基情况，DN32管在基础埋深3～4米以下范围内做成花管，花管做法：每150mm布置一层出浆孔，每层均匀分布6个孔径为6mm的出浆孔，最后在DN32管内下一根DN20管，DN20管底部2～5米范围内做成花管。5) Digging pile holes and inserting pipes: dig construction trenches, and manually dig holes to form pile holes according to the determined construction parameters. After drilling, keep the holes unblocked, and immediately lower the pipe after lifting the pole. The next DN32 pipe is based on The buried depth of the foundation and the condition of the foundation, the DN32 pipe is made into a flower tube within the range of the buried depth of the foundation 3 to 4 meters. The method of the flower tube: arrange one layer of grout holes every 150mm, and evenly distribute 6 grout holes with a diameter of 6mm on each layer Finally, a DN20 tube is placed in the DN32 tube, and the bottom of the DN20 tube is made into a flower tube within 2 to 5 meters.
6）、封口：孔口据地面2～4米范围内填充干水泥，将孔口封严。6) Sealing: Fill the hole with dry cement within 2 to 4 meters of the ground, and seal the hole tightly.
7）、压力浇注桩体：向挖好的桩孔中边抛入石块边倒入混凝土，并且在桩端1.5～2m处桩体扩大截面，其扩底端直径与桩身直径比D/d≤3.0，扩底端侧面的斜率a/h1为1/3～1/2，扩底端侧面斜坡矢高h2为0.10D～0.15D；在距离建筑物基础底1.5～3m处开始用膨胀混凝土浇筑，压力注浆时三个等距离的孔或四个等距离的孔同步注浆，并采用退管注浆法，即每孔注浆时分批次注入，注入25％时，退管一次，继续注入25％，再退管一次，依次类推，直至注浆完成，利用压力注浆的串浆原理，使其单个等距离的三孔或两排之间等距离的三孔串浆交错连接，形成一个抱桩，使其单个等距离的四孔或两排之间等距离的四孔串浆交错连接，形成一个抱桩，所述膨胀混凝土的组分，包括：磷石膏71%、天然明矾石7%、煅烧煤矸石3%、矾泥6%、硫铝酸钙类膨胀剂13%。7) Pressure pouring pile body: pour concrete while throwing stones into the dug pile hole, and expand the section of the pile body at 1.5-2m from the pile end, and the ratio of the diameter of the enlarged bottom end to the pile body diameter is D/ d≤3.0, the slope a/h1 of the side of the expanded bottom end is 1/3～1/2, the height of the slope of the side of the expanded bottom end h2 is 0.10D～0.15D; start to use expansive concrete 1.5～3m away from the base of the building During pouring and pressure grouting, three equidistant holes or four equidistant holes are simultaneously grouted, and the pipe withdrawal grouting method is adopted, that is, each hole is injected in batches during grouting, and when 25% is injected, the pipe is withdrawn once. Continue to inject 25%, then withdraw the pipe one more time, and so on, until the grouting is completed, use the principle of pressure grouting to make a single equidistant three holes or three equidistant holes between two rows of interlaced connection. A holding pile is formed so that a single equidistant four holes or four holes at equal distances between two rows are connected in series to form a holding pile. The components of the expansive concrete include: phosphogypsum 71%, natural alum Stone 7%, calcined coal gangue 3%, alumina mud 6%, calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent 13%.
8）、铺设褥垫层：在桩顶与既有建筑基础之间铺设250～400mm厚的褥垫层。8) Laying cushions: 250-400mm thick cushions are laid between the pile top and the existing building foundation.
实施例五：Embodiment five:
一种用于传统建筑的地基加固方法，其特征在于，包括施工步骤：A method for strengthening the foundation of traditional buildings, which is characterized in that it comprises the following construction steps:
1）、材料收集：加固工程人员先进行材料收集详细的工程质量、水文地质和基础设计资料，按结构类型，负载的大小和使用要求的问题，结合地形地貌，土壤结构，环境和毗邻的建筑物和其他因素的影响，地基处理方案的重点是初步选定审议，此外，地基加固处理方案的选择上，应该考虑采取联合行动上层建筑、地基与基础。1). Material collection: The reinforcement engineers first collect detailed engineering quality, hydrogeology and basic design data, according to the structure type, load size and use requirements, combined with topography, soil structure, environment and adjacent buildings The focus of the foundation treatment plan is the preliminary selection and consideration due to the influence of objects and other factors. In addition, in the selection of the foundation reinforcement treatment plan, joint actions should be considered for the superstructure, foundation and foundation.
2）、分析和选择：对地基进行钻孔排查，查明地基土坚硬层深度、地基软弱情况及地基土中含水量情况，根据建筑物的荷载、现有地基承载力值，确定地基加固所需要增大的承载力，从而确定需要钻孔深度、钻孔间距、注浆量等指标。2) Analysis and selection: conduct drilling and inspection of the foundation, find out the depth of the hard layer of the foundation soil, the softness of the foundation and the moisture content of the foundation soil, and determine the foundation reinforcement site according to the load of the building and the existing foundation bearing capacity. Need to increase the bearing capacity to determine the required drilling depth, drilling spacing, grouting volume and other indicators.
3）、确定施工参数：确定加固所需桩的根数、尺寸和位置。3) Determine the construction parameters: determine the number, size and location of the piles required for reinforcement.
4）、放线：根据多个单管同步注浆的设计要求，确定单个等距离的三孔和两排之间等距离的三孔形成抱桩的注浆孔的钻孔位置，或单个等距离的四孔和两排之间等距离的四孔形成抱桩的注浆孔的钻孔位置。4). Set-up: According to the design requirements of multiple single pipes for simultaneous grouting, determine the drilling position of a single equidistant three holes and three equidistant holes between two rows to form the grouting holes for holding piles, or a single, etc. The four holes of the distance and the four holes of equal distance between the two rows form the drilling positions of the grouting holes for holding the pile.
5）、挖桩孔以及插管：挖施工槽，并根据所确定的施工参数人工挖孔形成桩孔，钻孔后要保持孔畅通，起杆后立即下管，先下一个DN32管，根据基础埋深及地基情况，DN32管在基础埋深3～4米以下范围内做成花管，花管做法：每150mm布置一层出浆孔，每层均匀分布6个孔径为6mm的出浆孔，最后在DN32管内下一根DN20管，DN20管底部2～5米范围内做成花管。5) Digging pile holes and inserting pipes: dig construction trenches, and manually dig holes to form pile holes according to the determined construction parameters. After drilling, keep the holes unblocked, and immediately lower the pipe after lifting the pole. The next DN32 pipe is based on The buried depth of the foundation and the condition of the foundation, the DN32 pipe is made into a flower tube within the range of the buried depth of the foundation 3 to 4 meters. The method of the flower tube: arrange one layer of grout holes every 150mm, and evenly distribute 6 grout holes with a diameter of 6mm on each layer Finally, a DN20 tube is placed in the DN32 tube, and the bottom of the DN20 tube is made into a flower tube within 2 to 5 meters.
6）、封口：孔口据地面2～4米范围内填充干水泥，将孔口封严。6) Sealing: Fill the hole with dry cement within 2 to 4 meters of the ground, and seal the hole tightly.
7）、压力浇注桩体：向挖好的桩孔中边抛入石块边倒入混凝土，并且在桩端1.5～2m处桩体扩大截面，其扩底端直径与桩身直径比D/d≤3.0，扩底端侧面的斜率a/h1为1/3～1/2，扩底端侧面斜坡矢高h2为0.10D～0.15D；在距离建筑物基础底1.5～3m处开始用膨胀混凝土浇筑，压力注浆时三个等距离的孔或四个等距离的孔同步注浆，并采用退管注浆法，即每孔注浆时分批次注入，注入25％时，退管一次，继续注入25％，再退管一次，依次类推，直至注浆完成，利用压力注浆的串浆原理，使其单个等距离的三孔或两排之间等距离的三孔串浆交错连接，形成一个抱桩，使其单个等距离的四孔或两排之间等距离的四孔串浆交错连接，形成一个抱桩，所述膨胀混凝土的组分，包括：磷石膏72%、天然明矾石7%、煅烧煤矸石6%、矾泥5%、硫铝酸钙类膨胀剂10%。7) Pressure pouring pile body: pour concrete while throwing stones into the dug pile hole, and expand the section of the pile body at 1.5-2m from the pile end, and the ratio of the diameter of the enlarged bottom end to the pile body diameter is D/ d≤3.0, the slope a/h1 of the side of the expanded bottom end is 1/3～1/2, the height of the slope of the side of the expanded bottom end h2 is 0.10D～0.15D; start to use expansive concrete 1.5～3m away from the base of the building During pouring and pressure grouting, three equidistant holes or four equidistant holes are simultaneously grouted, and the pipe withdrawal grouting method is adopted, that is, each hole is injected in batches during grouting, and when 25% is injected, the pipe is withdrawn once. Continue to inject 25%, then withdraw the pipe one more time, and so on, until the grouting is completed, use the principle of pressure grouting to make a single equidistant three holes or three equidistant holes between two rows of interlaced connection. A holding pile is formed so that a single equidistant four holes or four holes at equal distances between two rows are connected in series to form a holding pile. The components of the expanded concrete include: phosphogypsum 72%, natural alum Stone 7%, calcined coal gangue 6%, alumina mud 5%, calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent 10%.
8）、铺设褥垫层：在桩顶与既有建筑基础之间铺设250～400mm厚的褥垫层。8) Laying cushions: 250-400mm thick cushions are laid between the pile top and the existing building foundation.
实施例六：Embodiment 6:
一种用于传统建筑的地基加固方法，其特征在于，包括施工步骤：A method for strengthening the foundation of traditional buildings, which is characterized in that it comprises the following construction steps:
1）、材料收集：加固工程人员先进行材料收集详细的工程质量、水文地质和基础设计资料，按结构类型，负载的大小和使用要求的问题，结合地形地貌，土壤结构，环境和毗邻的建筑物和其他因素的影响，地基处理方案的重点是初步选定审议，此外，地基加固处理方案的选择上，应该考虑采取联合行动上层建筑、地基与基础。1). Material collection: The reinforcement engineers first collect detailed engineering quality, hydrogeology and basic design data, according to the structure type, load size and use requirements, combined with topography, soil structure, environment and adjacent buildings The focus of the foundation treatment plan is the preliminary selection and consideration due to the influence of objects and other factors. In addition, in the selection of the foundation reinforcement treatment plan, joint actions should be considered for the superstructure, foundation and foundation.
2）、分析和选择：对地基进行钻孔排查，查明地基土坚硬层深度、地基软弱情况及地基土中含水量情况，根据建筑物的荷载、现有地基承载力值，确定地基加固所需要增大的承载力，从而确定需要钻孔深度、钻孔间距、注浆量等指标。2) Analysis and selection: conduct drilling and inspection of the foundation, find out the depth of the hard layer of the foundation soil, the softness of the foundation and the moisture content of the foundation soil, and determine the foundation reinforcement site according to the load of the building and the existing foundation bearing capacity. Need to increase the bearing capacity to determine the required drilling depth, drilling spacing, grouting volume and other indicators.
3）、确定施工参数：确定加固所需桩的根数、尺寸和位置。3) Determine the construction parameters: determine the number, size and location of the piles required for reinforcement.
4）、放线：根据多个单管同步注浆的设计要求，确定单个等距离的三孔和两排之间等距离的三孔形成抱桩的注浆孔的钻孔位置，或单个等距离的四孔和两排之间等距离的四孔形成抱桩的注浆孔的钻孔位置。4). Set-up: According to the design requirements of multiple single pipes for simultaneous grouting, determine the drilling position of a single equidistant three holes and three equidistant holes between two rows to form the grouting holes for holding piles, or a single etc. The four holes of the distance and the four holes of equal distance between the two rows form the drilling positions of the grouting holes for holding the pile.
5）、挖桩孔以及插管：挖施工槽，并根据所确定的施工参数人工挖孔形成桩孔，钻孔后要保持孔畅通，起杆后立即下管，先下一个DN32管，根据基础埋深及地基情况，DN32管在基础埋深3～4米以下范围内做成花管，花管做法：每150mm布置一层出浆孔，每层均匀分布6个孔径为6mm的出浆孔，最后在DN32管内下一根DN20管，DN20管底部2～5米范围内做成花管。5) Digging pile holes and inserting pipes: dig construction trenches, and manually dig holes to form pile holes according to the determined construction parameters. After drilling, keep the holes unblocked, and immediately lower the pipe after lifting the pole. The next DN32 pipe is based on The buried depth of the foundation and the condition of the foundation, the DN32 pipe is made into a flower tube within the range of the buried depth of the foundation 3 to 4 meters. The method of the flower tube: arrange one layer of grout holes every 150mm, and evenly distribute 6 grout holes with a diameter of 6mm on each layer Finally, a DN20 tube is placed in the DN32 tube, and the bottom of the DN20 tube is made into a flower tube within 2 to 5 meters.
6）、封口：孔口据地面2～4米范围内填充干水泥，将孔口封严。6) Sealing: Fill the hole with dry cement within 2 to 4 meters of the ground, and seal the hole tightly.
7）、压力浇注桩体：向挖好的桩孔中边抛入石块边倒入混凝土，并且在桩端1.5～2m处桩体扩大截面，其扩底端直径与桩身直径比D/d≤3.0，扩底端侧面的斜率a/h1为1/3～1/2，扩底端侧面斜坡矢高h2为0.10D～0.15D；在距离建筑物基础底1.5～3m处开始用膨胀混凝土浇筑，压力注浆时三个等距离的孔或四个等距离的孔同步注浆，并采用退管注浆法，即每孔注浆时分批次注入，注入25％时，退管一次，继续注入25％，再退管一次，依次类推，直至注浆完成，利用压力注浆的串浆原理，使其单个等距离的三孔或两排之间等距离的三孔串浆交错连接，形成一个抱桩，使其单个等距离的四孔或两排之间等距离的四孔串浆交错连接，形成一个抱桩，所述膨胀混凝土的组分，包括：磷石膏73%、天然明矾石7%、煅烧煤矸石6%、矾泥3%、硫铝酸钙类膨胀剂11%。7) Pressure pouring pile body: pour concrete while throwing stones into the dug pile hole, and expand the section of the pile body at 1.5-2m from the pile end, and the ratio of the diameter of the enlarged bottom end to the pile body diameter is D/ d≤3.0, the slope a/h1 of the side of the expanded bottom end is 1/3～1/2, the height of the slope of the side of the expanded bottom end h2 is 0.10D～0.15D; start to use expansive concrete 1.5～3m away from the base of the building During pouring and pressure grouting, three equidistant holes or four equidistant holes are simultaneously grouted, and the pipe withdrawal grouting method is adopted, that is, each hole is injected in batches during grouting, and when 25% is injected, the pipe is withdrawn once. Continue to inject 25%, then withdraw the pipe one more time, and so on, until the grouting is completed, use the principle of pressure grouting to make a single equidistant three holes or three equidistant holes between two rows of interlaced connection. A holding pile is formed so that a single equidistant four holes or four holes at equal distances between two rows are connected in series to form a holding pile. The components of the expansive concrete include: phosphogypsum 73%, natural alum Stone 7%, calcined coal gangue 6%, alumina mud 3%, calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent 11%.
8）、铺设褥垫层：在桩顶与既有建筑基础之间铺设250～400mm厚的褥垫层。8) Laying cushions: 250-400mm thick cushions are laid between the pile top and the existing building foundation.
综上所述，该用于传统建筑的地基加固方法，通过设置抱桩，直接在桩位上用机械成孔或人工挖孔，在孔内安放钢筋、灌注混凝土，具有不受地层变化限制，不需要接桩和截桩，适应能力强，受力相对较稳，抗压又抗拔，振动小、噪声小等特点，由于其既不存在挤土负面效应，又具有穿越各种硬夹层、嵌岩和进入各类硬持力层的能力，桩的几何尺寸和单桩的承载力可调空间大，因此使得对建筑地基加固效果更好，通过在桩顶与既有建筑基础之间铺设褥垫层，桩的模量远比土的大，桩比土变形小，褥垫层可以使桩向上刺入，伴随这一变化过程，褥垫层材料不断补充到桩间土上，这样保证一部分荷载通过褥垫层作用在桩间土上，实现了桩和土的共同作用。To sum up, the foundation reinforcement method used in traditional buildings is not restricted by changes in the ground, by setting up holding piles, making holes mechanically or manually digging holes directly on the pile position, placing steel bars and pouring concrete in the holes, There is no need to connect and cut piles. It has strong adaptability, relatively stable stress, compression resistance and pull resistance, low vibration and low noise. Because it has no negative effects of soil squeezing, it also has the ability to pass through various hard interlayers, The ability of rock-socketing and entering various hard-bearing layers, the geometric size of the pile and the bearing capacity of a single pile have a large adjustable space, so that the effect of strengthening the building foundation is better. By laying between the pile top and the existing building foundation Cushion, the modulus of the pile is much larger than that of the soil, and the pile is less deformed than the soil. The cushion can make the pile penetrate upwards. With this change process, the cushion material is constantly added to the soil between the piles to ensure Part of the load acts on the soil between the piles through the cushion layer, realizing the joint action of the pile and the soil.
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, and substitutions can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. And variations, the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

  1. 一种用于传统建筑的地基加固方法，其特征在于，包括施工步骤：A method for strengthening the foundation of traditional buildings, which is characterized in that it comprises the following construction steps:
    1）、材料收集：加固工程人员先进行材料收集详细的工程质量、水文地质和基础设计资料，按结构类型，负载的大小和使用要求的问题，结合地形地貌，土壤结构，环境和毗邻的建筑物和其他因素的影响，地基处理方案的重点是初步选定审议，此外，地基加固处理方案的选择上，应该考虑采取联合行动上层建筑、地基与基础。1). Material collection: The reinforcement engineers first collect detailed engineering quality, hydrogeology and basic design data, according to the structure type, load size and use requirements, combined with topography, soil structure, environment and adjacent buildings The focus of the foundation treatment plan is the preliminary selection and consideration due to the influence of objects and other factors. In addition, in the selection of the foundation reinforcement treatment plan, joint actions should be considered for the superstructure, foundation and foundation.
    2）、分析和选择：对地基进行钻孔排查，查明地基土坚硬层深度、地基软弱情况及地基土中含水量情况，根据建筑物的荷载、现有地基承载力值，确定地基加固所需要增大的承载力，从而确定需要钻孔深度、钻孔间距、注浆量等指标。2) Analysis and selection: conduct drilling and inspection of the foundation, find out the depth of the hard layer of the foundation soil, the softness of the foundation and the moisture content of the foundation soil, and determine the foundation reinforcement site according to the load of the building and the existing foundation bearing capacity. Need to increase the bearing capacity to determine the required drilling depth, drilling spacing, grouting volume and other indicators.
    3）、确定施工参数：确定加固所需桩的根数、尺寸和位置。3) Determine the construction parameters: determine the number, size and location of the piles required for reinforcement.
    4）、放线：根据多个单管同步注浆的设计要求，确定单个等距离的三孔和两排之间等距离的三孔形成抱桩的注浆孔的钻孔位置，或单个等距离的四孔和两排之间等距离的四孔形成抱桩的注浆孔的钻孔位置。4). Set-up: According to the design requirements of multiple single pipes for simultaneous grouting, determine the drilling position of a single equidistant three holes and three equidistant holes between two rows to form the grouting holes for holding piles, or a single etc. The four holes of the distance and the four holes of equal distance between the two rows form the drilling positions of the grouting holes for holding the pile.
    5）、挖桩孔以及插管：挖施工槽，并根据所确定的施工参数人工挖孔形成桩孔，钻孔后要保持孔畅通，起杆后立即下管，先下一个DN32管，根据基础埋深及地基情况，DN32管在基础埋深3～4米以下范围内做成花管，花管做法：每150mm布置一层出浆孔，每层均匀分布6个孔径为6mm的出浆孔，最后在DN32管内下一根DN20管，DN20管底部2～5米范围内做成花管。5) Digging pile holes and inserting pipes: dig construction trenches, and manually dig holes to form pile holes according to the determined construction parameters. After drilling, keep the holes unblocked, and immediately lower the pipe after lifting the pole. The next DN32 pipe is based on The buried depth of the foundation and the condition of the foundation, the DN32 pipe is made into a flower tube within the range of the buried depth of the foundation 3 to 4 meters. The method of the flower tube: arrange one layer of grout holes every 150mm, and evenly distribute 6 grout holes with a diameter of 6mm on each layer Finally, a DN20 tube is placed in the DN32 tube, and the bottom of the DN20 tube is made into a flower tube within 2 to 5 meters.
    6）、封口：孔口据地面2～4米范围内填充干水泥，将孔口封严。6) Sealing: Fill the hole with dry cement within 2 to 4 meters of the ground, and seal the hole tightly.
    7）、压力浇注桩体：向挖好的桩孔中边抛入石块边倒入混凝土，并且在桩端1.5～2m处桩体扩大截面，其扩底端直径与桩身直径比D/d≤3.0，扩底端侧面的斜率a/h1为1/3～1/2，扩底端侧面斜坡矢高h2为0.10D～0.15D；在距离建筑物基础底1.5～3m处开始用膨胀混凝土浇筑，压力注浆时三个等距离的孔或四个等距离的孔同步注浆，并采用退管注浆法，即每孔注浆时分批次注入，注入25％时，退管一次，继续注入25％，再退管一次，依次类推，直至注浆完成，利用压力注浆的串浆原理，使其单个等距离的三孔或两排之间等距离的三孔串浆交错连接，形成一个抱桩，使其单个等距离的四孔或两排之间等距离的四孔串浆交错连接，形成一个抱桩，所述膨胀混凝土的组分，包括：磷石膏70～75%、天然明矾石6～8%、煅烧煤矸石5～8%、矾泥2～6%、硫铝酸钙类膨胀剂3～17%。7) Pressure pouring pile body: pour concrete while throwing stones into the dug pile hole, and expand the section of the pile body at 1.5-2m from the pile end, and the ratio of the diameter of the enlarged bottom end to the pile body diameter is D/ d≤3.0, the slope a/h1 of the side of the expanded bottom end is 1/3～1/2, the height of the slope of the side of the expanded bottom end h2 is 0.10D～0.15D; start to use expansive concrete 1.5～3m away from the base of the building During pouring and pressure grouting, three equidistant holes or four equidistant holes are simultaneously grouted, and the pipe withdrawal grouting method is adopted, that is, each hole is injected in batches during grouting, and when 25% is injected, the pipe is withdrawn once. Continue to inject 25%, then withdraw the pipe one more time, and so on, until the grouting is completed, use the principle of pressure grouting to make a single equidistant three holes or three equidistant holes between two rows of interlaced connection. A holding pile is formed, so that a single equidistant four holes or four equidistant four holes between two rows are connected in series to form a holding pile. The components of the expansive concrete include: phosphogypsum 70-75%, 6-8% of natural alunite, 5-8% of calcined coal gangue, 2-6% of alum mud, 3-17% of calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent.
    8）、铺设褥垫层：在桩顶与既有建筑基础之间铺设250～400mm厚的褥垫层。8) Laying cushions: 250-400mm thick cushions are laid between the pile top and the existing building foundation.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于传统建筑的地基加固方法，其特征在于，所述膨胀混凝土包括以下重量份数配比的原料：磷石膏71～75%、天然明矾石7～8%、煅烧煤矸石6～8%、矾泥3～6%、硫铝酸钙类膨胀剂3～13%。The method for strengthening the foundation of traditional buildings according to claim 1, wherein the expansive concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: phosphogypsum 71-75%, natural alunite 7-8% , Calcined coal gangue 6-8%, alum mud 3-6%, calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent 3-13%.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于传统建筑的地基加固方法，其特征在于，所述膨胀混凝土包括以下重量份数配比的原料：磷石膏72～75%、天然明矾石6.5～8%、煅烧煤矸石5.5～8%、矾泥5～6%、硫铝酸钙类膨胀剂3～11%。The method for strengthening the foundation of traditional buildings according to claim 1, wherein the expansive concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: phosphogypsum 72-75%, natural alunite 6.5-8% , Calcined coal gangue 5.5 to 8%, alum mud 5 to 6%, calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent 3 to 11%.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于传统建筑的地基加固方法，其特征在于，所述膨胀混凝土包括以下重量份数配比的原料：磷石膏73～75%、天然明矾石7～8%、煅烧煤矸石7～8%、矾泥5～6%、硫铝酸钙类膨胀剂3～8%。The method for strengthening the foundation of traditional buildings according to claim 1, wherein the expansive concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: phosphogypsum 73-75%, natural alunite 7-8% , Calcined coal gangue 7-8%, alum mud 5-6%, calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent 3-8%.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于传统建筑的地基加固方法，其特征在于，所述膨胀混凝土包括以下重量份数配比的原料：磷石膏73～75%、天然明矾石6.5～8%、煅烧煤矸石5.5～8%、矾泥4.5～6%、硫铝酸钙类膨胀剂3～10.5%。The method for reinforcing the foundation of traditional buildings according to claim 1, wherein the expansive concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: phosphogypsum 73-75%, natural alunite 6.5-8% , Calcined coal gangue 5.5-8%, alumina mud 4.5-6%, calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent 3-10.5%.
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于传统建筑的地基加固方法，其特征在于，所述膨胀混凝土包括以下重量份数配比的原料：磷石膏70～73%、天然明矾石6～7%、煅烧煤矸石5～7%、矾泥2～5%、硫铝酸钙类膨胀剂8～17%。The method for strengthening the foundation of traditional buildings according to claim 1, wherein the expansive concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: phosphogypsum 70-73%, natural alunite 6-7% , Calcined coal gangue 5～7%, alum mud 2～5%, calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent 8～17%.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于传统建筑的地基加固方法，其特征在于，所述膨胀混凝土包括以下重量份数配比的原料：磷石膏70～73%、天然明矾石6～6.5%、煅烧煤矸石5～7%、矾泥2～4.5%、硫铝酸钙类膨胀剂9～17%。The method for reinforcing the foundation of traditional buildings according to claim 1, wherein the expansive concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: phosphogypsum 70-73%, natural alunite 6-6.5% , Calcined coal gangue 5～7%, alum mud 2～4.5%, calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent 9～17%.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于传统建筑的地基加固方法，其特征在于，所述膨胀混凝土包括以下重量份数配比的原料：磷石膏70～71%、天然明矾石6～6.5%、煅烧煤矸石5～5.5%、矾泥2～3%、硫铝酸钙类膨胀剂14～17%。The method for strengthening the foundation of traditional buildings according to claim 1, wherein the expansive concrete comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: phosphogypsum 70-71%, natural alunite 6-6.5% , Calcined coal gangue 5 ~ 5.5%, alum mud 2 ~ 3%, calcium sulfoaluminate expansion agent 14 ~ 17%.
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