CN102162244B - Expansive concrete caisson pile and manufacturing method thereof, and concrete expanding agent - Google Patents
Expansive concrete caisson pile and manufacturing method thereof, and concrete expanding agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN102162244B CN102162244B CN2011100591953A CN201110059195A CN102162244B CN 102162244 B CN102162244 B CN 102162244B CN 2011100591953 A CN2011100591953 A CN 2011100591953A CN 201110059195 A CN201110059195 A CN 201110059195A CN 102162244 B CN102162244 B CN 102162244B
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Abstract
The invention provides an expansive concrete caisson pile and a manufacturing method thereof, and a concrete expanding agent, and belongs to the technical field of engineering materials and construction of concrete pile foundation. The method comprises the following steps of: alternatively pouring common concrete and expansive concrete into a caisson pile hole sequentially so as to form bamboo joint type I-shaped pile; and pouring slurry at the pile end of the I-shaped pile or the expansive concrete pile so as to form a II-shaped pile or a III-shaped pile. The expanding agent is manufactured by pulverizing 40 to 80 percent of limestone and 20 to 60 percent of gypsum, calcining the powder in a rotary kiln at the high temperature of 1,300 to 1,500 DEG C, and pulverizing 20 to 80 weight percent of the calcined substance and 20 to 80 weight percent of calcium sulfoaluminate cement or alunite or calcium aluminate cement or a mixture of the calcium sulfoaluminate cement, the alunite and the calcium aluminate cement until the specific surface area is 150 to 400 square meters per kilogram. By the method, the manufacturing cost of the expansive concrete caisson pile can be reduced obviously; and compared with the common expansive concrete caisson pile, the expansive concrete caisson pile has the advantage of obviously increasing the bearing capacity of a single caisson pile.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to concrete pipe base engineering material and technical field of construction, relate to cast-in-place concrete pile, cement expansive material and manufacturing approach thereof and purposes.
Background technology
Cast-in-place concrete pile is a kind of structural measure that improves basic supporting capacity that in worker China Democratic National Construction Association and infrastructure, often uses, and is widely used in the area of highrise building, bridge and some earth bearing strength differences.Adopting technical measures, improve bearing capacity of single pile, is the important research contents in bored concrete pile technology field, and many achievements have been arranged in this respect, props up expansion (dish), end (side) post-grouting technology etc. like expansion pile crown (end is expanded in boring), pile body.These technology can both improve the castinplace pile single pile bearing capacity, but exist technology comparatively complicated, and reliability is poor, time-consuming problem such as take a lot of work.
Through new material technology, change the concrete material performance, and then the research of raising castinplace pile bearing capacity of single pile is less relatively.
1970; U. s. published a kind of manufacturing approach (patent No.: US3504497) of cast-in-place concrete pile; Its expansive cement that adopts comprises the mixture of the high alumina cement of the portland cement of mixing 5%～30% gypsum or other forms of calcium sulfate and 30%～80%; Or mix the mixture of the aluminous cement of 2%～40% gypsum, or mix the mixture of the calcium sulphoaluminate cement of 10%～90% portland cement, mix or do not mix the calcium sulphoaluminate cement of calcium sulfate.Compare with the stake of using portland cement, bearing capacity of single pile improves 40%～50%.Because the expansion component volume is big, very big to the concrete strength influence, and do not form independently high-effect expansion component production technology, the application that do not put it over of this technology.
The Chinese patent of publication number CN1031070A (applicant: disclose reinforcer for poured pile base Heilongjiang Low-temp. Construction Science Research Inst.); This reinforcing agent adopts waste residue (70%～85%), calcium lignosulfonate or sodium naphthalene sulfonate (1.5%～5%), zeolite (6%～15%), slaked lime (3%～10%), the calcium oxide compositions such as (1.5%～5%) of sulfuric acid aluminium manufacturer; Fineness is that 4900 hole sizer surpluses are not more than 15%; Hydrated product is aquation calcium sulphoaluminate (entringite), has expansion character.Volume is 5%～7%, and engineering poured pile base bearing capacity of single pile improves 15%～23%.
The Chinese patent of publication number CN1100705A (applicant: disclose a kind of expanding agent for pouring piles and manufacturing approach thereof and purposes China Building Materials Academy).Be to adopt calcium aluminate (10%～50%), aluminum sulfate grog (10%～45%), the compound material of active inorganic mineral (30%～70%), organic properties modifier (1%～5%), fineness is 2000～3500cm
2/ g.When making concrete, admixture 15%～30% under restrictive condition, can produce the self-stress value of 0.8～1.0MPa in the concrete.In mix this kind expansion agent of 20%, engineering castinplace pile bearing capacity of single pile can improve 15%～25%.
The Chinese patent of publication number CN1036149C (inventor: before the king it; Wang Huajun) a kind of manufacturing approach of expansive concrete stake is disclosed; System adopts commercially available ordinary concrete expansion agent, and like the UEA expansion agent, volume is 5%～30%; According to the increase bearing capacity of designing requirement, confirm expansive agent dosage.This method does not almost have operability, because the concrete expanded size of admixture expansion agent can't accurately be calculated according to increasing requirement for bearing capacity, expansion is a chemical reaction process; Influenced by many uncertain factors; The size that expands, the volume of expansion agent can only rely on the concrete examination to join to confirm at present, and the commercially available cement expansive material that should technology adopts belongs to the very low product of expansion energy; Expansion phase is an entringite; The waterproof environment expands very little down, can't improve concrete swell value in the pile body, and is therefore limited to the bearing capacity of single pile increase rate.
The Chinese patent of publication number CN100519951C (inventor: Japanese plum source; Together high; Wang Chuanjia) disclosing a kind of job practices of dry auger boring pouring pile, is to utilize the spiral drilling machine dry hole to projected depth, builds ordinary concrete; Pile body is laid two grouting behind shaft or drift lining pipes, the commercially available ordinary concrete expansion agent of admixture 5% in the cement grout of grouting behind shaft or drift lining.
Because the castinplace pile scale of construction is bigger; The concrete that is in the hole more approaches the waterproof curing condition, and expansive cement that uses in the above-mentioned public technology or expansion agent all belong to entringite class expansion agent, can significantly reduce concrete strength when this type expansive agent dosage is big; Volume hour expansion rate is very little again; And its expansion effect also can further reduce under the waterproof situation, and therefore actual swell increment is lower, so less to the increase rate of castinplace pile bearing capacity of single pile.In addition, these technology all are that pile body all uses expansive concrete, and the admixture of expansion agent is a large amount of, also can increase the castinplace pile cost, and this also is the factor that restriction expansive concrete bored concrete pile technology is promoted, so need improve above-mentioned technology.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the manufacturing approach of expansive concrete castinplace pile and the expansive concrete castinplace pile that manufacturing obtains; Can significantly reduce the cost of expansive concrete castinplace pile; Compare with the ordinary concrete castinplace pile, obviously improve the single pile pouring pile bearing capacity.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of expansive concrete castinplace pile provided by the invention was the stake of I type, is in priming concrete pile hole, alternately builds ordinary concrete and expansive concrete successively, and building of every layer concrete highly is not less than 1000mm, formed bamboo knot shaped structure through 3～14 days.This I type stake can increase considerably pile body concrete and the mechanical snap power that combines between the soil, has the ordinary concrete stake raising 30% or the above performance of single pile bearing force rate same size and strength grade.Wherein, at every turn building of ordinary concrete and expansive concrete highly both can be identical, also can be different.
Another kind of expansive concrete castinplace pile provided by the invention is the stake of II type; Be that the expansive concrete stake is combined with the pile-end post-grouting technology; This moment, the expansive concrete stake was I type of the present invention stake; Be after I type stake pile body has been built 12 hours, in the weak soil of stake end, press through Grouting Pipe pre-buried in the pile body with slush pump and annotate the cement slurry that admixture has expansion agent that cement solidification forms stake end firming body after 24 hours.This II type stake can increase considerably pile body concrete and the mechanical snap power that combines between the soil, and stake end firming body improves end resistance simultaneously, and the ordinary concrete stake with single pile bearing force rate same size and strength grade improves 1 times or above performance.Wherein, at every turn building of ordinary concrete and expansive concrete highly both can be identical, also can be different.
The III type stake that another expansive concrete castinplace pile provided by the invention is; Be that the expansive concrete stake is combined with the pile-end post-grouting technology; Wherein pile body is all built by expansive concrete; After pile body was built 12 hours, in the weak soil of stake end, press the cement slurry of annotating the admixture expansion agent with slush pump through pre-buried Grouting Pipe in the pile body, cement solidification forms stake end firming body after 24 hours.The pile body of this III type stake is an expansive concrete, stake end band firming body, and the ordinary concrete stake with single pile bearing force rate same size and strength grade improves 1 times or above performance.
The used ordinary concrete and the strength grade of expansive concrete are C20～C80 in the above-mentioned castinplace pile, and wherein the expansion rate of expansive concrete is 1%～3%.Preferential admixture expansion agent manufacturing of the present invention in the expansive concrete also can the commercially available various cement expansive materials of admixture, and the volume of expansion agent is definite through testing, and can in 15～30wt% scope, change.
In the manufacturing of stake of II type and the stake of III type, need to add 5～10wt% expansion agent of the present invention or 12wt%UEA expansion agent in the cement slurry.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of cement expansive material, its can be used for the expansive concrete castinplace pile manufacturing in.
Expansion agent of the present invention is to adopt limestone (40%～80wt%) and gypsum (20%～60wt%) common grinding; 1300 ℃～1500 ℃ high-temperature calcinations of warp in rotary kiln; Form the melt inclusions of gypsum and calcium oxide; Again with the ratio of this melt inclusions according to 20%～80wt%, with the commercially available calcium sulphoaluminate clinker of 20%～80wt% or alunite (calcining or non-calcining) or the common grinding of aluminous cement grog to specific area 150～400m
2/ kg processes expansion agent.
Adopt technique scheme, the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the stake of I type is owing to adopt expansive concrete and normal concrete to build at interval; At the position of using expansive concrete; Protruding joint because of concrete expansion formation; Similar with ring; Can significantly improve pile body and native relative motion resistance of stake week; Can increase considerably pile body concrete and the mechanical snap power that combines between the soil, compare, significantly improve bearing capacity of single pile with the normal concrete bored concrete pile; Compare with full expansive concrete bored concrete pile, save swelling agent; Compare with stake rear flank slurry injection technique, technology is simple.
2, the stake of II type improves pile side resistance by expansive concrete, and the curing physical efficiency that pile-end post-grouting forms improves end resistance, can more significantly improve bearing capacity of single pile.
3, cement expansive material of the present invention have proportioning process simple, be prone to burn till, the waterproof environment expands big advantage down, its expansion sources is calcium hydroxide and entringite, this expansion agent also can be used for general concrete structure anti-crack and anti-seepage.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 constitutes sketch map for I type stake of the present invention;
Fig. 2 constitutes sketch map for II type stake of the present invention;
Fig. 3 constitutes sketch map for III type stake of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The manufacturing of embodiment 1:I type stake
Referring to shown in Figure 1; Install in the priming concrete pile hole 3 of reinforcing cage at below ground; Build ordinary concrete and expansive concrete that the strength grade according to designing requirement configures successively, form ring shape ordinary concrete section 1 and expansive concrete section 2, the height of every section concrete is not less than 1m; At every turn building of ordinary concrete and expansive concrete highly both can be identical, also can be different, and ordinary concrete is preferentially used at the stake top.Wherein, expansive concrete is admixture 15～30wt% expansion agent and forming in ordinary concrete, and expansion agent can be commercially available UEA expansion agent, but preferentially uses expansion agent of the present invention.
After castinplace pile is built completion, to test pile length of time.JGJ94 tests bearing capacity of single pile with reference to current national industry standard " technical code for building pile foundation "; The result shows: under the identical ground soil property situation, and diameter 800mm, the castinplace pile of long 35m; Adopt ordinary concrete, the veritcal limit load of stake is 4200KN; Adopt the stake of I type expansive concrete, the veritcal limit load is 5600KN.Compare with common filling pile, the stake of I type can improve bearing capacity of single pile more than 30%.
The manufacturing of embodiment 2:II type stake
Referring to shown in Figure 2; Install in the priming concrete pile hole 3 of reinforcing cage at below ground; Build ordinary concrete 1 and expansive concrete 2 that the strength grade according to designing requirement configures successively, form the staggered ring shape pile body of ordinary concrete section 1 and expansive concrete section 2, the height of every section concrete is not less than 1m; At every turn building of ordinary concrete and expansive concrete highly both can be identical, also can be different; After pile body was built 12 hours; In the weak soil of stake end, press through Grouting Pipe pre-buried in the pile body 4 with slush pump and to annotate admixture 5wt% (in the injection slurry of expansion agent stake end of the present invention the expansion agent of admixture 5%～10% all can); Or the cement slurry of the commercially available UEA expansion agent of 12wt%, cement solidification forms stake end firming body 5 after 24 hours.
During pile body was built, expansive concrete was admixture 15～30wt% expansion agent and forming in ordinary concrete, and expansion agent can be commercially available UEA expansion agent, but preferentially uses expansion agent of the present invention.
JGJ94 tests this bearing capacity of single pile with reference to current national industry standard " technical code for building pile foundation "; The result shows: under the identical ground soil property situation, and diameter 800mm, the castinplace pile of long 35m; Adopt ordinary concrete, the veritcal limit load of stake is 4200KN; Adopt the stake of II type expansive concrete, the veritcal limit load is 9000KN.Compare with the ordinary concrete castinplace pile, this II type stake can improve bearing capacity of single pile more than 1 times.
The manufacturing of embodiment 3:III type stake
Referring to shown in Figure 3, shown that the stake of III type constitutes.Install in the priming concrete pile hole 3 of reinforcing cage at below ground, all build the pile body that expansive concrete forms homogenous material; After pile body was built 12 hours; In the weak soil of stake end, press through Grouting Pipe pre-buried in the pile body 4 with slush pump and to annotate admixture 5wt% expansion agent of the present invention (in the injection slurry of expansion agent stake end of the present invention the expansion agent of admixture 5%～10% all can); Or the cement slurry of the commercially available UEA expansion agent of 12wt%, cement solidification forms stake end firming body 5 after 24 hours.During pile body was built, expansive concrete was admixture 15～30wt% expansion agent and forming in ordinary concrete, and expansion agent can be commercially available UEA expansion agent, but preferentially uses expansion agent of the present invention.
JGJ94 tests bearing capacity of single pile with reference to current national industry standard " technical code for building pile foundation "; The result shows: under the identical ground soil property situation, and diameter 800mm, the castinplace pile of long 35m; Adopt ordinary concrete, the veritcal limit load of stake is 4200KN; Adopt the stake of III type expansive concrete, the veritcal limit load is 8700KN.Compare with the ordinary concrete castinplace pile, the stake of III type can improve bearing capacity of single pile more than 1 times.
Embodiment 4: the composition of expansion agent and preparation
The expansion agent that is used for above castinplace pile; The preferred expansion agent that adopts following method to prepare: adopt limestone (40%～80wt%) and gypsum (20%～60wt%) common grinding; 1300 ℃～1500 ℃ high-temperature calcinations of warp in rotary kiln; Form the melt inclusions of gypsum and calcium oxide; Again with the ratio of this melt inclusions according to 20%～80wt%, with the commercially available calcium sulphoaluminate clinker of 20%～80wt% or alunite (calcining or non-calcining) or the common grinding of aluminous cement grog to specific area 150～400m
2/ kg processes expansion agent.According to the method check of current national standard " cement expansive material " GB23439-2009 regulation, expansion agent batching of the present invention and assay are referring to table 1:
Table 1: expansion agent Performance Detection
Table 1 result shows, the cement expansive material that the present invention prepares, and its limited expansion rate is not less than 0.15%, and under the waterproof environment, limited expansion rate is not less than 0.10%, and its expansion rate is suitable for cast-in-place pile concrete far above existing product very much.
Claims (5)
1. cement expansive material; Be used for expansive concrete or be added with in the cement slurry of expansion agent; The expansion rate of said expansive concrete is 1%～3%; It is characterized in that, adopt 40%～80wt% limestone and the common grinding of 20%～60wt% gypsum, 1300 ℃～1500 ℃ high-temperature calcinations of warp in rotary kiln; Again with the ratio of this calcined material according to 20%～80wt%, with the calcium sulphoaluminate clinker of 20%～80wt% or alunite or aluminous cement grog or the common grinding of its mixture to specific area 150～400m
2/ kg.
2. an expansive concrete castinplace pile is characterized in that, pile body by replace build the ordinary concrete section and the expansive concrete section is formed bamboo knot shaped structure, and stake end band firming body, this castinplace pile is called the stake of II type;
The manufacturing approach of said II type stake is: in priming concrete pile hole, alternately build ordinary concrete and expansive concrete successively, building of every layer concrete highly is not less than 1000mm, builds after formed the bamboo knot shaped structure pile body in 3～14 days; After pile body was built 12 hours, in the weak soil of stake end, press through Grouting Pipe pre-buried in the pile body with slush pump and to annotate the have the right cement slurry of requirement 1 said expansion agent of admixture, cement solidification forms a stake end firming body after 24 hours; The said expansion dosage that adds in the said cement slurry is 5～10wt%.
3. according to the said expansive concrete castinplace pile of claim 2, it is characterized in that the ordinary concrete stake that the stake of said II type has single pile bearing force rate same size and strength grade improves 1 times or above performance.
4. an expansive concrete castinplace pile is characterized in that, its manufacturing approach is: in priming concrete pile hole, all build the pile body that expansive concrete forms homogenous material; After pile body was built 12 hours; In the weak soil of stake end, press the cement slurry of annotating the said expansion agent of admixture 5～10wt% claim 1 through pre-buried Grouting Pipe in the pile body with slush pump; Cement solidification forms stake end firming body after 24 hours, and this castinplace pile is called the stake of III type.
5. according to the said expansive concrete castinplace pile of claim 4, it is characterized in that the ordinary concrete stake that the stake of said III type has single pile bearing force rate same size and strength grade improves 1 times or above performance.
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102409668A (en) * | 2011-09-08 | 2012-04-11 | 上海建工集团股份有限公司 | Cast-in-situ bored pile and expansion and compaction construction method thereof |
| CN103130437B (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-10-29 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 | Gypsum and calcium oxide melt inclusion expansion clinker, concrete expansion agent, and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN103510509A (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2014-01-15 | 镇江市城乡建设基础工程有限公司 | Mud counterfort construction method used during pore forming in weathered rock formation with bored pile |
| CN105293984A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2016-02-03 | 江苏名和集团有限公司 | Additive special for cast-in-place concrete pile |
| CN106746843A (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2017-05-31 | 北京蓝天飞跃科技有限公司 | A kind of cement grinding aid with micro-expansibility and preparation method thereof |
| CN109836070A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-06-04 | 中国建筑材料科学研究总院有限公司 | Heat of hydration suppressive cement expansive material |
| CN110306586A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-10-08 | 上海建为历保科技股份有限公司 | A kind of foundation reinforcement method for traditional architecture |
| CN112012198B (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2021-12-21 | 中国建筑西北设计研究院有限公司 | Pile body variable concrete strength grade cast-in-place pile and strength grade determination method thereof |
| CN113174925B (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2022-06-21 | 三峡大学 | Coral sand ground foundation pile using expanding agent and construction method |
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