WO2021000965A1 - 一种确定墩柱中心位置的结构及中心位置确定方法 - Google Patents

一种确定墩柱中心位置的结构及中心位置确定方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021000965A1
WO2021000965A1 PCT/CN2020/103619 CN2020103619W WO2021000965A1 WO 2021000965 A1 WO2021000965 A1 WO 2021000965A1 CN 2020103619 W CN2020103619 W CN 2020103619W WO 2021000965 A1 WO2021000965 A1 WO 2021000965A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pier
center position
support
guide rail
determining
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PCT/CN2020/103619
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
高岩
何长江
孟庆一
孙雷
钱坤
尹子涛
矫永岩
李德柱
孙天佐
孙天佑
李明哲
Original Assignee
中铁九局集团有限公司
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Priority to JP2021561920A priority Critical patent/JP7143557B2/ja
Publication of WO2021000965A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021000965A1/zh

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/02Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
    • G01B11/026Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness by measuring distance between sensor and object
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01DCONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D22/00Methods or apparatus for repairing or strengthening existing bridges ; Methods or apparatus for dismantling bridges
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B5/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01DCONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
    • E01D19/00Structural or constructional details of bridges
    • E01D19/02Piers; Abutments ; Protecting same against drifting ice

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the technical field of bridge and house construction dismantling, and specifically relates to a structure for determining the center position of a pier column and a method for determining the center position.
  • Bridges and houses need to be demolished when their service life is long or there are problems in construction quality. Demolition includes two methods: mechanical demolition and blasting demolition. Mechanical demolition is safer, but the construction speed is slow. Blasting demolition has certain risks, but construction The speed is relatively fast. At present, many bridges and houses in our country are mostly demolished by blasting. During blasting demolition, it is important to demolish the lower pier column by blasting. When the pier column is demolished by blasting, drill holes must be drilled vertically downwards above the bridge deck, and the hollow space passes through the bridge deck structure and enters the central axis of the pier column. Then put the explosive into the borehole of the pier. When the explosive explodes, blast the pier.
  • the precise determination of the position of the central axis of the pier column is very important for the implementation of blasting, and it is difficult to directly observe the position of the pier column from the upper part of the bridge deck.
  • the center position of the pier column is generally determined by a total station. This method requires constant adjustment of the position of the reflector on the bridge deck to determine the center position of the pier column. This method is very time-consuming and requires high technical requirements for operators.
  • the application with the application number CN201610608553.4 published a method for determining the center position of the pier column by using a bracket, but the method is relatively cumbersome to implement and difficult to operate.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of complicated procedures, difficult operation and inaccurate measurement when determining the center position of the pier in the prior art.
  • a structure for determining the center position of a pier column including:
  • a ground support is located on the ground on the right side of the pier, the ground support is inclinedly provided with a guide rail, and an angle adjustable distance measuring device is provided on the guide rail;
  • a bridge deck bracket the bridge deck bracket is fixedly connected to the bridge deck above the ground bracket, and the upper end surface of the bridge deck bracket is fixedly connected with a reflector;
  • the distance measuring device and the reflector cooperate to measure the center position of the pier
  • the distance measuring device further includes:
  • the support end, the support end is an inverted T-shaped structure
  • the guide rail is a groove structure that is adapted to the support end of the T-shaped structure
  • the upper end surface of the support end is connected with a fixing bolt.
  • the screw part of the fixing bolt is in contact with the end surface of the groove of the guide rail, and the support end makes a relative sliding movement on the guide rail;
  • a clamping end, the clamping end is hinged on the support end by a locking bolt
  • the laser rangefinder is clamped on the clamping end.
  • the clamping end of the laser distance measuring device of the present invention slides on the guide rail after clamping the laser distance meter to ensure that the laser distance meter continuously moves the support end along the guide rail to continuously measure the distance.
  • the distance is the smallest, this
  • the launching port of the laser rangefinder is vertically upwards.
  • the laser is reflected by the reflector and emitted horizontally, and then the plumb is used to align the plumb with the center line of the bridge surface and along The position of the centerline of the bridge deck moves.
  • the laser reaches the rope of the plumb bob, the center position of the pier column is directly below the plumb bob.
  • the present invention can determine the center position of the pier column conveniently and quickly, with accurate positioning and easy operation.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a structure for determining the center position of a pier column according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides a structure for determining the center position of a pier column, including:
  • the ground support 1, the ground support 1 is located on the ground 9 on the right side of the pier 11, the ground support 1 is provided with a guide rail 2 obliquely, and the guide rail 2 is provided with an angle adjustable distance measuring device.
  • the ground support 1 is made just now.
  • the bridge support 5, the bridge support 5 is fixedly connected to the bridge deck above the ground support 1, and the upper end surface of the bridge support 5 is fixedly connected with a reflector 6.
  • the reflector 6 can be a mirror surface, and other reflection effects are better.
  • Other components that are good and can implement the present invention are also within the protection scope of the present invention.
  • the distance measuring device and the reflector 6 cooperate to measure the center position of the pier.
  • the ground support 1 includes: a first vertical rod 101, and the first vertical rod 101 is vertically fixed on the ground 9.
  • the first vertical rod 101 includes a cross beam and a plurality of steel bars, and the plurality of steel bars are welded together with the cross beam.
  • the cross beam and the steel bars are diagonally crossed.
  • the top surface of the cross beam faces one side of the bridge 10, and the first vertical rod 101 penetrates vertically around the bridge 10 Within 9 of the ground.
  • the bridge deck support 5 includes a second vertical rod 501, and the second vertical rod 501 is vertically fixed on the bridge floor.
  • the first crossbar 102 and the second crossbar 502 are both inclined at 45° relative to the horizontal plane to facilitate calculation.
  • the second cross-bar 502 is a steel plate with a rectangular cross-section, with a width of 3-8cm (such as 3cm, 4cm, 4.5cm, 5cm, 6cm, 7cm, 7.8cm, 8cm) and a length of 2-5m (such as 2m, 2.5m) , 3m, 3.5m, 4m, 4.5m, 5m), the thickness is 0.5-1cm (such as 0.5cm, 0.6cm, 0.7cm, 0.8cm, 0.9cm, 1cm).
  • the distance measuring device includes: a support end 7, the support end 7 is an inverted T-shaped structure, and the guide rail 2 is a groove structure that is adapted to the support end 7 of the T-shaped structure, that is, the support end 7 can It is clamped in the guide rail 2 of the T-shaped structure for relative sliding.
  • the upper end surface of the support end 7 is connected with a fixing bolt 701.
  • the screw part of the fixing bolt 701 contacts the groove end surface of the guide rail 2, and the support end 7 is in the guide rail 2. Do a relative sliding motion on the top.
  • the clamping end 8 the clamping end 8 is hinged to the support end 7 by the locking bolt 3, that is, the clamping end 8 can rotate relative to the locking bolt 3, and at the same time, it can be rotated and locked by the tightening of the locking bolt 3 .
  • the laser distance meter 4 is clamped on the clamping end 8.
  • the present invention also provides a method for determining the center position of the structure for determining the center position of the pier column.
  • the determining method includes the following steps:
  • Step S1 fix the ground support 1: firstly set the ground support 1 on the ground 9 on the side of the pier 11, slightly facing the overseas Chinese outside the edge of the bridge deck, and use the measuring equipment to make the ground support 1 and the bridge 10 The trends are parallel.
  • Step S2 install the bridge deck bracket 5: install the bridge deck bracket 5 at the edge of the bridge deck so that the mirror surface extends beyond the edge of the bridge deck.
  • Step S3 measuring the position of the centerline of the bridge deck: use a tape to measure the position of the centerline of the bridge deck and mark it with red paint.
  • Step S4 install the guide rail 2 and the laser rangefinder 4: weld the guide rail 2 on the first cross bar 102, place the distance measuring positioning device on the guide rail 2, and put the laser rangefinder 4 into the clamping end 8.
  • Step S5 adjust the laser rangefinder 4: rotate the clamping end 8 so that the laser rangefinder 4 is in a horizontal state, the laser emitting port of the laser rangefinder 4 faces the bridge 10 side, and the locking bolt 3 is tightened.
  • Step S6 the laser rangefinder 4 determines the center position of the pier 11: Start the laser rangefinder 4 so that the laser emission point is located on the pier 11, move the support end 7 along the guide rail 2, and continuously measure the distance. When the measuring distance is the smallest, the laser just passes through the center of the pier 11 at this time.
  • Step S7 adjust the support end 7: tighten the fixing bolt 701 on the support end 7 so that the lost support end 7 cannot move along the guide rail 2.
  • Step S8 use a plumb hammer to measure the center position of the pier 11: loosen the locking bolt 3 at the hinge joint, rotate the clamping end 8, and put the launching port of the laser rangefinder 4 vertically upwards.
  • the plumb bob to make the plumb align with the centerline of the bridge deck and move along the centerline of the bridge deck.
  • the pier is directly below the plumb bob. 11 in the center.
  • the present invention relates to a structure for determining the center position of a pier column, including a ground support 1, the upper end surface of the ground support 1 is fixedly connected with a guide rail 2, the contact surface of the ground support 1 and the guide rail 2 and the horizontal plane include an angle of 45°, and the guide rail 2
  • a distance measuring and positioning device is connected to the upper end, the angle of the distance measuring and positioning device is adjustable, the upper end of the bridge deck is fixedly connected with a bridge deck bracket 5, and the upper end of the bridge deck support 5 is fixedly connected with a reflector 6 on the upper end surface.
  • the ground support 1 is made of steel, the cross bar is a rectangular steel plate, the width is between 3-8cm, the length is between 2-5m, and the thickness is between 0.5-1.0cm; the vertical bars are several steel bars, and The beams are welded together, and the beams and the vertical rods are diagonally crossed. The top surface of the beam faces the bridge side, and the vertical rods are driven into the ground around the bridge vertically.
  • the overall structure of the present invention is easy to manufacture and easy to assemble. At the same time, it can quickly and accurately measure and determine the center position of the pier.
  • the support end 7 slides relative to the guide rail 2, which facilitates the measurement of multiple sets of data, thereby improving the accuracy of measurement.
  • the laser rangefinder 4 can be rotated relative to the support end 7 and locked by the locking bolt 3 during rotation, which can be adjusted more conveniently and quickly.
  • the method for determining the center position of the present invention is also more convenient for on-site operation.
  • the invention is easy to operate as a whole, and at the same time can ensure the accuracy of measurement.

Abstract

一种确定墩柱(11)中心位置的结构及中心位置确定方法,包括:地面支架(1),地面支架(1)位于墩柱(11)右侧的地面(9)上,地面支架(1)上倾斜设置有导轨(2),导轨(2)上设置有测距装置;桥面支架(5),桥面支架(5)固定连接于地面支架(1)上方的桥面上,桥面支架(5)的上端面固定连接有反射件(6);测距装置与反射件(6)相互配合测出墩柱(11)中心位置;测距装置包括:支座端(7),支座端(7)为倒T型结构,导轨(2)为与倒T型结构的支座端(7)相适配的凹槽结构,支座端(7)的上端面贯穿连接有固定螺栓(701),固定螺栓(701)的螺杆部与导轨(2)的凹槽端面接触,支座端(7)在导轨(2)上相对滑动运动;夹持端(8),夹持端(8)通过锁紧螺栓(3)铰接在支座端(7)上;激光测距仪(4),激光测距仪(4)夹持在夹持端(8)上。可以方便快捷的确定墩柱(11)中心位置,定位精确,易于操作。

Description

一种确定墩柱中心位置的结构及中心位置确定方法 技术领域
本发明属于桥梁、房建拆除技术领域,具体涉及一种确定墩柱中心位置的结构及中心位置确定方法。
背景技术
桥梁、房子使用年限较长或施工质量存在问题时,需要拆除,拆除包括机械拆除和爆破拆除两种方法,机械拆除安全性较高,但施工速度较慢;爆破拆除具有一定风险性,但施工速度较快,目前我国许多桥梁、房子拆除大都采用爆破拆除方法。在爆破拆除时,重要的是将下方的墩柱爆破拆除,墩柱爆破拆除时,需在桥面上方垂直向下打设钻孔,樽空穿过桥面结构,进入到墩柱的中心轴心位置,然后将炸药放入到墩柱的钻孔内部,炸药爆炸时,将墩柱爆破。墩柱中心轴线位置的精确确定对于爆破的实施非常重要,而从桥面上部难以直接观测到墩柱的位置。墩柱中心位置一般采用全站仪放点确定,该方法需要在桥面上不断调整反光镜的位置确定处墩柱中心位置,这种方法非常费时,且对操作人员技术要求较高。
如申请号为CN201610608553.4的申请公布了一种利用支架确定墩柱中心位置的方法,但是该方法实施较为繁琐,不易操作。
因此,需要提供一种针对上述现有技术不足的改进技术方案。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服上述现有技术中测定墩柱中心位置时程序较为繁琐,不易操作,测量不精确的缺陷。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种确定墩柱中心位置的结构,包括:
地面支架,所述地面支架位于墩柱右侧的地面上,所述地面支架上倾斜 设置有导轨,所述导轨上设置有角度可调的测距装置;
桥面支架,所述桥面支架固定连接于地面支架上方的桥面上,所述桥面支架的上端面固定连接有反射件;
所述测距装置与所述反射件相互配合测出墩柱中心位置;
所述测距装置还包括:
支座端,所述支座端为倒T型结构,所述导轨为与T型结构的支座端相适配的凹槽结构,所述支座端的上端面贯穿连接有固定螺栓,所述固定螺栓的螺杆部与所述导轨的凹槽端面接触,所述支座端在所述导轨上做相对滑动运动;
夹持端,所述夹持端通过锁紧螺栓铰接在所述支座端上;
激光测距仪,所述激光测距仪夹持在所述夹持端上。
与最接近的现有技术相比,本发明提供的技术方案具有如下优异效果:
本发明中激光测距装置的夹持端夹持激光测距仪后在导轨上滑动,保证激光测距仪沿着导轨不断移动支座端,不断进行测量距离,当测量到距离最小时,此时激光正好通过墩柱的中心位置,激光测距仪的发射口垂直向上,此时激光经反射件反射后,水平射出,再利用铅锤,使得铅锤对准桥面中心线,并沿着桥面中心线位置移动,当激光到达铅锤的绳索上时,此时铅锤的正下方即为墩柱的中心位置,本发明可以方便快捷的确定墩柱中心位置,定位精确,易于操作。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例的墩柱中心位置确定结构的结构示意图。
图中:1、地面支架;101、第一竖杆;102、第一横杆;2、导轨;3、锁紧螺栓;4、激光测距仪;5、桥面支架;501、第二竖杆;502、第二横杆;6、反射件;7、支座端;701、固定螺栓;8、夹持端;9、地面;10、桥梁;11、墩柱。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所 描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
下面将参考附图并结合实施例来详细说明本发明。需要说明的是,在不冲突的情况下,本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
如图1所示,本发明提供一种确定墩柱中心位置的结构,包括:
地面支架1,地面支架1位于墩柱11右侧的地面9上,地面支架1上倾斜设置有导轨2,导轨2上设置有角度可调的测距装置。地面支架1由刚才制成。
桥面支架5,桥面支架5固定连接于地面支架1上方的桥面上,桥面支架5的上端面固定连接有反射件6,在具体实施时反射件6可以为镜面,其它反射效果较好并且能够实现本发明的其它构件也在本发明的保护范围之内。
测距装置与反射件6相互配合测出墩柱中心位置。
作为优选方案,地面支架1包括:第一竖杆101,第一竖杆101竖直固定在地面9上。第一横杆102,第一横杆102倾斜固定在第一竖杆101的上端,导轨2倾斜设置在第一横杆102上,第一横杆102与水平面的夹角为α,α=45°。第一竖杆101包括横梁和多个钢筋,多个钢筋与横梁焊接在一起,横梁与钢筋斜交,横梁的顶面朝向桥梁10的一侧,第一竖杆101垂直打入到桥梁10周围的地面9内。
作为优选方案,桥面支架5包括:第二竖杆501,第二竖杆501竖直固定在桥面上。第二横杆502,第二横杆502倾斜固定在第二竖杆501的上端,第二横杆502上倾斜固定有反射件6,第一横杆102与第二横杆502的延长线相交,即第一横杆102为向上倾斜,第二横杆502向下倾斜,第二横杆502与水平面的夹角为β,β=45°。第一横杆102与第二横杆502相对水平面倾斜都为45°方便进行计算。第二横杆502为横截面为矩形的钢板,宽度为3~8cm(如3cm、4cm、4.5cm、5cm、6cm、7cm、7.8cm、8cm),长度为2~5m(如2m、2.5m、3m、3.5m、4m、4.5m、5m),厚度为0.5~1cm(如0.5cm、0.6cm、0.7cm、0.8cm、0.9cm、1cm)。
作为优选方案,测距装置包括:支座端7,支座端7为倒T型结构,导轨2为与T型结构的支座端7相适配的凹槽结构,即支座端7可以卡设在T型结构的导轨2内进行相对滑动,支座端7的上端面贯穿连接有固定螺栓701,固定螺栓701的螺杆部与导轨2的凹槽端面接触,支座端7在导轨2上做相对滑动运动。夹持端8,夹持端8通过锁紧螺栓3铰接在支座端7上,即夹持端8相对锁紧螺栓3可以转动,同时通过锁紧螺栓3的松紧也可以进行转动和锁止。激光测距仪4,激光测距仪4夹持在夹持端8上。
本发明还提供了一种确定墩柱中心位置的结构的中心位置确定方法,确定方法包括如下步骤:
步骤S1,固定地面支架1:首先将地面支架1打设在墩柱11一侧的地面9上,在桥面边缘下方略微向侨外一侧,并通过测量设备,使得地面支架1与桥梁10的走向相平行。
步骤S2,安装桥面支架5:在桥面的边缘处安装桥面支架5,使得镜面伸出桥面边缘处。
步骤S3,测量桥面中心线位置:利用皮尺测量出桥面的中心线位置,并用红色油漆进行标示。
步骤S4,安装导轨2和激光测距仪4:将导轨2焊接在第一横杆102上,将测距定位装置放置在导轨2上,将激光测距仪4放入夹持端8。
步骤S5,调整激光测距仪4:旋转夹持端8,使得激光测距仪4处于水平状态,激光测距仪4的激光发射口朝向桥梁10侧,并拧紧锁紧螺栓3。
步骤S6,激光测距仪4测定墩柱11的中心位置:启动激光测距仪4,使得激光发射点位于墩柱11上,沿着导轨2不断移动支座端7,并不断测量距离,当测量距离最小时,此时激光正好通过墩柱11的中心位置。
步骤S7,调整支座端7:拧紧支座端7上的固定螺栓701,输的支座端7不能够沿导轨2移动。
步骤S8,利用铅锤测得墩柱11的中心位置:松开铰接处的锁紧螺栓3,旋转夹持端8,将激光测距仪4的发射口垂直向上,此时激光经镜面发射后,水平射出,再利用铅锤,使得铅锤对准桥面中心线,并沿着桥面中心线位置移动,当激光到达铅锤的绳索上时,此时铅锤的正下方即为墩柱11的中心位 置。
总之,本发明涉及一种确定墩柱中心位置的结构,包括地面支架1,地面支架1上端面固定连接有导轨2,地面支架1与导轨2的接触面与水平面夹角为45°,导轨2上连接有测距定位装置,测距定位装置角度可调,桥面上端固定连接有桥面支架5,桥面支架5上端面固定连接有反射件6。地面支架1由钢材制成,横杆为一断面为矩形的钢板,宽度位于3~8cm之间,长度位于2~5m之间,厚度位于0.5~1.0cm之间;竖杆为若干钢筋,与横梁焊接在一起,横梁与竖杆斜交,横梁的顶面朝向桥梁一侧,竖杆垂直打入到桥梁周围地面内。通过滑动、测距、激光测距发射光束,再利用铅锤,确定桥墩的中心位置,方便快捷的确定桥墩中心位置,定位精确,易于操作。
综上所述,本发明整体结构便于制作,也很方便的进行组装,同时也可以快速准确的进行测量确定墩柱的中心位置。支座端7相对导轨2进行滑动,方便测量多组数据,从而提升测量的准确性。激光测距仪4相对支座端7可以进行转动,转动时通过锁紧螺栓3进行锁止,可以较为方便快捷的进行调整。同时本发明的中的中心位置确定方法也较为方便的进行现场操作。本发明整体易于操作,同时也能够保证测量的准确度。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均在本发明待批权利要求保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种确定墩柱中心位置的结构,其特征在于,包括:
    地面支架,所述地面支架位于墩柱右侧的地面上,所述地面支架上倾斜设置有导轨,所述导轨上设置有角度可调的测距装置;
    桥面支架,所述桥面支架固定连接于地面支架上方的桥面上,所述桥面支架的上端面固定连接有反射件;
    所述测距装置与所述反射件相互配合测出墩柱中心位置;
    所述测距装置还包括:
    支座端,所述支座端为倒T型结构,所述导轨为与所述倒T型结构的支座端相适配的凹槽结构,所述支座端的上端面贯穿连接有固定螺栓,所述固定螺栓的螺杆部与所述导轨的凹槽端面接触,所述支座端在所述导轨上做相对滑动运动;
    夹持端,所述夹持端通过锁紧螺栓铰接在所述支座端上;
    激光测距仪,所述激光测距仪夹持在所述夹持端上。
  2. 如权利要求1所述确定墩柱中心位置的结构,其特征在于,所述地面支架包括:
    第一竖杆,所述第一竖杆竖直固定在地面上;
    第一横杆,所述第一横杆倾斜固定在所述第一竖杆的上端,所述导轨倾斜设置在所述第一横杆上。
  3. 如权利要求2所述确定墩柱中心位置的结构,其特征在于,所述桥面支架包括:
    第二竖杆,所述第二竖杆竖直固定在桥面上;
    第二横杆,所述第二横杆倾斜固定在所述第二竖杆的上端,所述第二横杆上倾斜固定有反射件,所述第一横杆与所述第二横杆的延长线相交。
  4. 如权利要求1所述确定墩柱中心位置的结构,其特征在于,地面支架 与导轨的接触面与水平面夹角为45°。
  5. 如权利要求2所述确定墩柱中心位置的结构,其特征在于,所述第一横杆与水平面的夹角为α,α=45°。
  6. 如权利要求3所述确定墩柱中心位置的结构,其特征在于,所述第二横杆与水平面的夹角为β,β=45°。
  7. 如权利要求1所述确定墩柱中心位置的结构,其特征在于,所述反射件为镜面。
  8. 如权利要求3所述确定墩柱中心位置的结构,其特征在于,所述第二横杆为横截面为矩形的钢板,宽度为3~8cm,长度为2~5m,厚度为0.5~1cm。
  9. 如权利要求2所述确定墩柱中心位置的结构,其特征在于,所述第一竖杆包括横梁和多个钢筋,多个钢筋与横梁焊接在一起,横梁与钢筋斜交,横梁的顶面朝向桥梁的一侧,第一竖杆垂直打入到桥梁周围的地面内。
  10. 如权利要求1~9任一所述确定墩柱中心位置的结构的中心位置确定方法,其特征在于,所述确定方法包括如下步骤:
    步骤S1,固定地面支架:首先将地面支架打设在墩柱一侧的地面上,在桥面边缘下方略微向侨外一侧,并通过测量设备,使得地面支架与桥梁的走向相平行;
    步骤S2,安装桥面支架:在桥面的边缘处安装桥面支架,使得镜面伸出桥面边缘处;
    步骤S3,测量桥面中心线位置:利用皮尺测量出桥面的中心线位置,并用红色油漆进行标示;
    步骤S4,安装导轨和激光测距仪:将导轨焊接在第一横杆上,将测距定位装置放置在导轨上,将激光测距仪放入夹持端;
    步骤S5,调整激光测距仪:旋转夹持端,使得激光测距仪处于水平状态,激光测距仪的激光发射口朝向桥梁侧,并拧紧锁紧螺栓;
    步骤S6,激光测距仪测定墩柱的中心位置:启动激光测距仪,使得激光发射点位于墩柱上,沿着导轨不断移动支座端,并不断测量距离,当测量距离最小时,此时激光正好通过墩柱的中心位置;
    步骤S7,调整支座端:拧紧支座端上的固定螺栓,输的支座端不能够沿导轨移动;
    步骤S8,利用铅锤测得墩柱的中心位置:松开铰接处的锁紧螺栓,旋转夹持端,将激光测距仪的发射口垂直向上,此时激光经镜面发射后,水平射出,再利用铅锤,使得铅锤对准桥面中心线,并沿着桥面中心线位置移动,当激光到达铅锤的绳索上时,此时铅锤的正下方即为墩柱的中心位置。
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