WO2021000824A1 - 防眩目后视镜及汽车 - Google Patents

防眩目后视镜及汽车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021000824A1
WO2021000824A1 PCT/CN2020/098778 CN2020098778W WO2021000824A1 WO 2021000824 A1 WO2021000824 A1 WO 2021000824A1 CN 2020098778 W CN2020098778 W CN 2020098778W WO 2021000824 A1 WO2021000824 A1 WO 2021000824A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rearview mirror
liquid crystal
layer
glare rearview
polarizing layer
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/098778
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
吴梓荣
Original Assignee
深圳秋田微电子股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳秋田微电子股份有限公司 filed Critical 深圳秋田微电子股份有限公司
Publication of WO2021000824A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021000824A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/02—Rear-view mirror arrangements
    • B60R1/06—Rear-view mirror arrangements mounted on vehicle exterior
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/02—Rear-view mirror arrangements
    • B60R1/08—Rear-view mirror arrangements involving special optical features, e.g. avoiding blind spots, e.g. convex mirrors; Side-by-side associations of rear-view and other mirrors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R1/00—Optical viewing arrangements; Real-time viewing arrangements for drivers or passengers using optical image capturing systems, e.g. cameras or video systems specially adapted for use in or on vehicles
    • B60R1/12—Mirror assemblies combined with other articles, e.g. clocks
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/30—Polarising elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the technical field of intelligent vehicle-mounted equipment, in particular to an anti-glare rearview mirror and an automobile.
  • the present invention provides an anti-glare rearview mirror and a car that can automatically adjust the transmittance and reflectance of light and reduce the risk of driving to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Specifically, the following specific technical solutions are adopted achieve.
  • the utility model provides an anti-glare rearview mirror, which comprises a housing, an anti-glare rearview mirror body installed in the housing, a first photosensitive sensor arranged on the front side of the housing, and The second photosensitive sensor on the back of the housing, the anti-glare rearview mirror body includes:
  • the liquid crystal light valve is used to adjust the reflectance and transmittance of the light irradiated on the liquid crystal light valve;
  • the display panel is arranged on the back side of the liquid crystal light valve
  • the control circuit board is electrically connected with the first photosensitive sensor, the second photosensitive sensor and the liquid crystal light valve.
  • the liquid crystal light valve includes a first polarizing layer, a first conductive layer, a first alignment layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second alignment layer, a second conductive layer, and a second polarizing layer that are sequentially stacked,
  • the first polarizing layer is located on the front side.
  • the first polarizing layer is an absorbing polarizing layer, which is used to absorb light whose polarization direction is consistent with the absorption axis of the absorbing polarizing layer when unpolarized light passes through the absorbing polarizing layer. , And allow light that is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the absorption axis of the absorbing polarizing layer to pass through.
  • the second polarizing layer is a semi-transmissive and semi-reflective polarizing layer for reflecting light in the same direction as the reflection axis of the semi-transmissive and semi-reflective
  • the reflection axis of the anti-polarization layer transmits light whose polarization direction is perpendicular.
  • the first alignment layer and the second alignment layer are used to align the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer.
  • the anti-glare rearview mirror further includes:
  • the switch is connected to the display panel and is used to turn the display panel on or off.
  • the anti-glare rearview mirror is used as a display screen
  • the anti-glare rearview mirror serves as a rearview mirror.
  • the first photosensitive sensor is used to sense the intensity of light from the rear and convert it into a first electrical signal and transmit it to the control circuit board.
  • the control circuit board is based on the first electrical signal. Adjust the reflectivity of the liquid crystal light valve.
  • the second photosensitive sensor is used to sense the intensity of the light from the front and convert it into a second electrical signal and transmit it to the control circuit board.
  • the control circuit board is based on the second electrical signal. Adjust the transmittance of the liquid crystal light valve.
  • the utility model also provides an automobile, including the anti-glare rearview mirror described above, and the anti-glare rearview mirror is an anti-glare streaming media rearview mirror installed in the automobile.
  • the utility model provides an anti-glare rearview mirror and a car.
  • the first photosensitive sensor is arranged on the front side of the housing and the second photosensitive sensor is arranged on the back of the housing.
  • the control circuit board passes through The intensity of light sensed by the first photosensitive sensor and the second photosensitive sensor adjusts the reflectance and transmittance of the liquid crystal light valve.
  • the anti-glare rearview mirror When the display panel is turned on, the anti-glare rearview mirror is used as a display screen, so that the display effect of the display panel can be adjusted and the user experience is improved; when the display panel is turned off, The anti-glare rear-view mirror is used as a rear-view mirror, so that the reflected light intensity can be adjusted, and the strong reflected light reflected by the anti-glare rear-view mirror can prevent the driver from dazzling the driver, thereby improving the safety of driving a car .
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an anti-glare rearview mirror of an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a liquid crystal light valve of an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 shows the circuit structure diagram of the anti-glare rearview mirror of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the present invention provides an anti-glare rearview mirror 10, which includes a housing 20, an anti-glare rearview mirror body 30 installed in the housing 20, and an anti-glare rearview mirror body 30 arranged in front of the housing 20.
  • the first photosensitive sensor 40 on the side and the second photosensitive sensor 50 arranged on the back of the housing 20, the anti-glare rearview mirror body 30 includes:
  • the liquid crystal light valve 60 is used to adjust the reflectance and transmittance of the light irradiated on the liquid crystal light valve 60;
  • the display panel 70 is arranged on the back side of the liquid crystal light valve 60;
  • the control circuit board 80 is electrically connected to the first photosensitive sensor 40, the second photosensitive sensor 50 and the liquid crystal light valve 60.
  • the housing 20 is used to fix and install the anti-glare rearview mirror body 30 and the control board 80, and the front side of the housing 20 faces the driver’s side.
  • the back side of the vehicle faces the side of the front of the vehicle
  • the first photosensitive sensor 40 is arranged on the front side of the housing 20 for detecting the intensity of the light emitted by the rear vehicle
  • the second photosensitive sensor 50 is arranged on the The back side of the housing 20 is used to detect the intensity of external light during the day and night.
  • the material of the first photosensitive sensor 40 and the second photosensitive sensor 50 may be photoresistor, photodiode, or phototransistor, etc., parameters, models They are all different.
  • the resistance becomes smaller at night or when the light of the following vehicle is strong, and becomes larger during the day or when the light of the following vehicle is weak.
  • the intensity of the light from the rear vehicle is converted into a first electric signal and sent to the control circuit board 80, and the control circuit board 80 adjusts the liquid crystal light valve according to the first electric signal
  • the connection voltage at both ends of 60 adjusts the reflectivity of the liquid crystal light valve 60 according to the magnitude of the connection voltage, and the driver can clearly see the vehicle situation displayed by the anti-glare rearview mirror 10, avoiding
  • the direct reflection of strong light on the anti-glare rearview mirror 10 causes the problem of short-term blindness or glare of human eyes.
  • the second photosensitive sensor 50 is used to sense the intensity of the front light into a second electrical signal and transmit it to the control circuit board 80.
  • the control circuit board 80 adjusts the liquid crystal light valve according to the second electrical signal.
  • the connection voltage at both ends of 60 adjusts the transmittance of the liquid crystal light valve 60 according to the magnitude of the connected voltage, adjusts the display effect of the display panel, and improves the user experience.
  • control circuit board 80 mainly includes a microprocessor MCU and a power supply.
  • the control circuit board 80 can receive the light signals sensed by the first photosensitive sensor 40 and the second photosensitive sensor 50 and convert them into The control circuit board 80 controls the output voltage of the power supply to both ends of the liquid crystal light valve 60, that is, the stronger the electric signal, the greater the voltage across the liquid crystal light valve 60, The reflectivity of the liquid crystal light valve 60 becomes smaller, so that the intensity of the reflected light of the anti-glare rearview mirror 10 is reduced.
  • the first photosensitive sensor 40 and the second photosensitive sensor 50 can be used together.
  • the liquid crystal light valve 60 adjusts the light irradiated on the liquid crystal light valve 60 through changes in reflectivity and transmittance, so that The anti-glare rearview mirror 10 presents a clear and soft image, which improves the display effect of the anti-glare rearview mirror 10.
  • the liquid crystal light valve 60 includes a first polarizing layer 61, a first conductive layer 62, a first alignment layer 63, a liquid crystal layer 64, a second alignment layer 65, and a second conductive layer 66 stacked in sequence.
  • the second polarizing layer 67, the first polarizing layer 61 is located on the front side.
  • the first polarizing layer 61 is an absorbing polarizing layer, and is used for when unpolarized light passes through the absorbing polarizing layer, it absorbs light that is in the same polarization direction as the absorption axis of the absorbing polarizing layer, and is allowed to be consistent with the absorption.
  • the absorption axis of the type polarizing layer transmits light whose polarization direction is perpendicular.
  • the second polarizing layer 67 is a semi-transmissive and semi-reflective polarizing layer for reflecting light in the same direction as the reflection axis of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective polarizing layer, and allowing polarization with the reflection axis of the semi-transparent and semi-reflecting polarizing layer Light in the vertical direction is transmitted.
  • the first alignment layer 63 and the second alignment layer 65 are used to align the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 64.
  • the absorption axis direction of the absorbing polarizing layer and the reflection axis polarization direction of the transflective polarizing layer are perpendicular to each other.
  • the light passing through the absorption-type polarizing layer (perpendicular to the polarization direction of its absorption axis) will be reflected when it reaches the semi-transparent and semi-reflective polarizing layer, and will be reflected from the semi-transparent and semi-reflective polarizing layer back to the absorption-type polarizing layer.
  • Light can pass through the absorbing polarizing layer to achieve the effect of specular reflection.
  • the ambient light is mainly the lights in the car, the illuminating light emitted by the rear vehicle, and the external light.
  • the liquid crystal light valve 60 realizes the control of light by controlling the birefringence and retardation of the liquid crystal molecules by voltage.
  • Two flat glass substrates coated with transparent electrodes are coated with an alignment layer, and the liquid crystal material is filled in between, and the glass substrate The gap between them is controlled by glass fibers with fine edges.
  • the outer sides of the two glass substrates are respectively attached to the absorptive polarizing layer 61 and the transflective polarizing layer 67 whose polarization directions are perpendicular to each other.
  • the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules is perpendicular to the direction of the glass substrate, the birefringence of the liquid crystal is the largest, and the linearly polarized light obtained through the absorbing polarizing layer can directly pass through the liquid crystal layer, but is transflective
  • the polarization direction of the polarizing layer is perpendicular to the polarization axis direction of the absorbing polarizing layer, so light cannot pass.
  • the transmittance is the smallest and the reflectivity is the largest; as the voltage across the liquid crystal layer 64 increases, it is affected by the electric field.
  • the liquid crystal molecules start to tilt in a direction parallel to the surface of the glass substrate, the birefringence of the liquid crystal becomes smaller, and the retardation of light passing through the liquid crystal becomes larger.
  • the linearly polarized light obtained through the absorbing polarizing layer will become elliptically polarized light or light after passing through the liquid crystal layer. Circularly polarized light.
  • elliptically polarized light or circularly polarized light will be split into two directions.
  • Light parallel to the direction of the absorption axis of the transflective polarizing layer will pass through, while the light in the vertical direction will not pass through. As it gradually becomes larger, the reflectivity becomes gradually smaller.
  • the liquid crystal light valve 60 is used to flexibly adjust the display effect of the anti-glare rearview mirror 10, which improves driving safety.
  • the anti-glare rearview mirror 10 further includes:
  • the switch 90 is connected to the display panel 70 and is used to turn the display panel 70 on or off.
  • the switch 90 may be arranged on the anti-glare rearview mirror 10, or may be arranged in another position in the vehicle that is convenient for the driver to operate.
  • the display panel 70 When the display panel 70 is turned on, the The anti-glare rearview mirror 10 serves as a display screen; when the display panel 70 is closed, the anti-glare rearview mirror 10 serves as a rearview mirror.
  • the switch 90 is electrically connected to the display panel 70.
  • the display panel 70 can be a liquid crystal display panel (TFT).
  • TFT liquid crystal display panel
  • the display panel 70 is also electrically connected to a high-definition camera installed at the rear of the car.
  • the display panel 70 When reversing, the display panel 70 is turned on through the switch 90 to communicate with the high-definition camera, so that the scene behind the car is directly displayed on the anti-glare rearview mirror body 30; when the driver drives the vehicle forward By turning off the switch 90, the display panel 70 is in the closed state, which is equivalent to a flat mirror.
  • the first photosensitive sensor 40 and the second photosensitive sensor 50 are both The control circuit board 80 sends an electrical signal to make the liquid crystal light valve 60 apply an appropriate voltage to both ends.
  • the control circuit board 80 can be based on the first photosensitive sensor 40 and the second photosensitive sensor. 50 adjusts the voltage across the liquid crystal light valve 60, mainly by presetting the first threshold value of the first photosensitive sensor 40 and the second threshold value of the second photosensitive sensor 50, the first threshold and The second threshold is different, so that the sensitivity of the first photosensitive sensor 40 and the second photosensitive sensor 50 can be improved, so that the anti-glare rearview mirror 10 can achieve a better display effect, and reduce the driver’s The frequency at which the reflection of the anti-glare rearview mirror 10 is uncomfortable.
  • control circuit board 80 applies different voltages to the liquid crystal layer 64 through the first conductive layer 62 and the second conductive layer 66 to adjust the The arrangement structure of the liquid crystal molecules to adjust the polarization direction of the light passing through the liquid crystal layer 64.
  • a voltage within a certain range is applied between the first conductive layer 62 and the second conductive layer 66, the The director of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 64 can be deflected, and its deflection angle can be changed according to the magnitude of the applied voltage.
  • the liquid crystal Under the further action of the first alignment layer 63 and the second alignment layer 65, the liquid crystal The arrangement structure of the molecules can be changed to adjust the polarization direction of the light passing through the liquid crystal layer 64, and finally achieve the effect of dimming.
  • the polarization direction of the polarized light passing through the liquid crystal layer 64 can be continuously changed from 0 degrees to 90 degrees, so that the liquid crystal light valve 60 can accurately adjust the output light intensity.
  • the control circuit board 80 When unpolarized ambient light passes through the absorbing polarizing layer, the light whose polarization direction is consistent with the absorption axis of the absorbing polarizing layer is absorbed, and only the light whose polarization direction is perpendicular to it is transmitted through, and the transmitted polarized light enters the The liquid crystal layer, the control circuit board 80 outputs corresponding voltages to the first conductive layer 62 and the second conductive layer 66 according to the feedback information, and the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 64 adjust the voltage according to the voltage The deflection angle changes the polarization direction of the polarized light passing through the liquid crystal layer 64.
  • the feedback information can be obtained by the light intensity of the ambient light sensed by the first photosensitive sensor 40 and the second photosensitive sensor 50, And convert it into an electrical signal and feed it back to the control circuit board 80.
  • the transflective polarizing layer is set so that the polarization direction of the reflection axis is perpendicular to the polarization direction of the transmission axis of the absorption-type polarizing layer.
  • the magnitude of the voltage sets the proportion of light that changes the polarization direction within the range of 0 ⁇ 100%, so that the proportion of polarized light that passes through the liquid crystal light valve 60 and is reflected back to the liquid crystal light valve 60 can be controlled. After the deflection angle is adjusted again, the absorbing polarizing layer is reflected to the driver's eyes again, thereby achieving the function of automatic anti-glare.
  • the utility model also provides an automobile, including the above-mentioned anti-glare rearview mirror 10, and the anti-glare rearview mirror 10 is an anti-glare streaming media rearview mirror installed in the automobile.
  • the anti-glare rearview mirror 10 is installed inside the car and is connected to a camera installed at the rear of the car. Under different ambient light, the automatic adjustment of the anti-glare rearview mirror 10 can reduce The reflection of light makes the image displayed by the anti-glare rearview mirror 10 clearer.
  • the display panel 70 can be turned on through the switch 90, the anti-glare rearview mirror 10 is used as a display screen, and the anti-glare rearview mirror body 30 displays the reverse image Rectangular frame, at this time, the voice device for reversing of the car and the distance sensor are connected, which makes the reversing operation of the driver more convenient and improves the user experience.
  • the display panel 70 can be turned off by the switch 90, the anti-glare rearview mirror 10 is used as a rearview mirror, and the liquid crystal light valve 60 adjusts the reflectance of light and
  • the transmittance process is the same as the above adjustment process, and will not be repeated here.
  • the utility model provides an anti-glare rearview mirror 10 and a car.
  • the first photosensitive sensor 40 is arranged on the front side of the housing 20 and the second photosensitive sensor 50 is arranged on the back of the housing 20.
  • the control circuit board 80 adjusts the reflectance and transmittance of the liquid crystal light valve 60 through the intensity of the light sensed by the first photosensitive sensor 40 and the second photosensitive sensor 50.
  • the anti-glare rearview mirror 10 When the display panel 70 is turned on, the anti-glare rearview mirror 10 is used as a display screen so that the display effect of the display panel can be adjusted and the user experience is improved; when the display panel 70 is turned off
  • the anti-glare rearview mirror 10 is used as a rearview mirror, so that the intensity of reflected light can be adjusted, and the strong reflected light reflected by the anti-glare rearview mirror can prevent the driver from dazzling the driver, thereby improving driving Security.
  • the anti-glare rearview mirror 10 of the present invention may also include concave and convex surfaces, for example, it may include cylindrical, spherical, ellipsoidal, parabolic, and other surfaces. Two or a combination of.
  • the anti-glare rearview mirror 10 of the present invention can also be applied to a combined rearview composed of two or more different mirrors with different reflection directions or unevenness characteristics. mirror.

Abstract

一种防眩目后视镜（10）及汽车，防眩目后视镜（10）包括壳体（20）、安装在所述壳体（20）内的防眩目后视镜本体（30）、设置在所述壳体（20）的前侧的第一光敏传感器（40）以及设置在所述壳体（20）的背面的第二光敏传感器（50），所述防眩目后视镜本体（30）包括液晶光阀（60），用于调节照射在所述液晶光阀（60）上的光的反射率和透过率，显示面板（70），设置在所述液晶光阀（60）的背侧，控制电路板（80），与所述第一光敏传感器（40）、所述第二光敏传感器（50）及所述液晶光阀（60）电性连接。提高了驾驶的安全性和用户的体验度。

Description

防眩目后视镜及汽车 技术领域
本实用新型涉及智能车载设备技术领域，尤其涉及一种防炫目后视镜及汽车。
 背景技术
现代社会汽车已经成为大家生活中不可缺少的部分，随着大家安全意识的提高，自动安全功能越来越受到大家的重视，新型的自动防炫目流媒体后视镜应运而生。普通的流媒体后视镜，反射率和透过率不可调，当作为显示屏时，显示画面不清晰，反射影像严重，影响驾驶者对显示画面的观察。作为后视镜时，车辆行驶时后车或外界环境的强光会通过后视镜反射到驾驶者眼睛，造成驾驶者短暂的视觉失明，增加驾驶风险。
 技术问题
有鉴于此，本实用新型提供了一种自动调节光的透过率和反射率、降低驾驶风险的防眩目后视镜及汽车，来解决上述存在的技术问题，具体采用以下具体技术方案来实现。
 技术解决方案
本实用新型提供一种防眩目后视镜，包括壳体、安装在所述壳体内的防眩目后视镜本体、设置在所述壳体的前侧的第一光敏传感器以及设置在所述壳体的背面的第二光敏传感器，所述防眩目后视镜本体包括：
液晶光阀，用于调节照射在所述液晶光阀上的光的反射率和透过率；
显示面板，设置在所述液晶光阀的背侧；
控制电路板，与所述第一光敏传感器、所述第二光敏传感器及所述液晶光阀电性连接。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述液晶光阀包括依次层叠的第一偏光层、第一导电层、第一取向层、液晶层、第二取向层、第二导电层及第二偏光层，所述第一偏光层位于前侧。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述第一偏光层为吸收型偏光层，用于非偏振的光通过所述吸收型偏光层时，吸收与所述吸收偏光层的吸收轴偏振方向一致的光，并允许与所述吸收型偏光层的吸收轴偏振方向垂直的光透过。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述第二偏光层为半透半反偏光层，用于反射与所述半透半反偏光层的反射轴方向一致的光，并允许与所述半透半反偏光层的反射轴偏振方向垂直的光透过。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述第一取向层和所述第二取向层用于使所述液晶层的液晶分子定向排列。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述防眩目后视镜还包括：
开关，连接至所述显示面板，用于开启或关闭所述显示面板。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，还包括：
在所述显示面板被开启时，所述防眩目后视镜用作显示屏；
在所述显示面板被关闭时，所述防眩目后视镜用作后视镜。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述第一光敏传感器用于感应来自后方的光的强度转化成第一电信号并传送至所述控制电路板，所述控制电路板根据所述第一电信号调节所述液晶光阀的反射率。
作为上述技术方案的进一步改进，所述第二光敏传感器用于感应来自前方的光的强度转化成第二电信号并传送至所述控制电路板，所述控制电路板根据所述第二电信号调节所述液晶光阀的透过率。
本实用新型还提供一种汽车，包括上述防眩目后视镜，所述防眩目后视镜为安装在所述汽车内的防眩目流媒体后视镜。
 有益效果
本实用新型提供的一种防眩目后视镜及汽车，通过在所述壳体的前侧设置第一光敏传感器、在所述壳体的背面设置第二光敏传感器，所述控制电路板通过所述第一光敏传感器和所述第二光敏传感器感应的光的强度来调节所述液晶光阀的反射率和透过率。在所述显示面板被开启时，所述防眩目后视镜用作显示屏，这样可以调节所述显示面板的显示效果，提高了用户的体验度；在所述显示面板被关闭时，所述防眩目后视镜用作后视镜，这样可以调节反射光强，避免经过所述防眩目后视镜反射的强反射光对驾驶员造成眩目的问题，提高了驾驶汽车的安全性。
 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本实用新型的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本实用新型的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对本实用新型保护范围的限定。在各个附图中，类似的构成部分采用类似的编号。
图1示出了本实用新型的实施例的防眩目后视镜的结构示意图；
图2示出了本实用新型的实施例的液晶光阀的结构示意图；
图3示出了本实用新型的实施例的防眩目后视镜的电路结构图。
主要元件符号说明：
10-防眩目后视镜；20-壳体；30-防眩目后视镜本体；40-第一光敏传感器；50-第二光敏传感器；60-液晶光阀；61-第一偏光层；62-第一导电层；63-第一取向层；64-液晶层；65-第二取向层；66-第二导电层；67-第二偏光层；70-显示面板；80-控制电路板；90-开关。
 本发明的实施方式
下面将结合本实用新型实施例中附图，对本实用新型实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本实用新型一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。
通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本实用新型实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。因此，以下对在附图中提供的本实用新型的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本实用新型的范围，而是仅仅表示本实用新型的选定实施例。基于本实用新型的实施例，本领域技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本实用新型保护的范围。
在下文中，可在本实用新型的各种实施例中使用的术语“包括”、“具有”及其同源词仅意在表示特定特征、数字、步骤、操作、元件、组件或前述项的组合，并且不应被理解为首先排除一个或更多个其它特征、数字、步骤、操作、元件、组件或前述项的组合的存在或增加一个或更多个特征、数字、步骤、操作、元件、组件或前述项的组合的可能性。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
除非另有限定，否则在这里使用的所有术语(包括技术术语和科学术语)具有与本实用新型的各种实施例所属领域普通技术人员通常理解的含义相同的含义。所述术语(诸如在一般使用的词典中限定的术语)将被解释为具有与在相关技术领域中的语境含义相同的含义并且将不被解释为具有理想化的含义或过于正式的含义，除非在本实用新型的各种实施例中被清楚地限定。
参阅图1，本实用新型提供一种防眩目后视镜10，包括壳体20、安装在所述壳体20内的防眩目后视镜本体30、设置在所述壳体20的前侧的第一光敏传感器40以及设置在所述壳体20的背面的第二光敏传感器50，所述防眩目后视镜本体30包括：
液晶光阀60，用于调节照射在所述液晶光阀60上的光的反射率和透过率；
显示面板70，设置在所述液晶光阀60的背侧；
控制电路板80，与所述第一光敏传感器40、所述第二光敏传感器50及所述液晶光阀60电性连接。
在本实施方式中，所述壳体20用于固定安装所述防眩目后视镜本体30和控制板80，所述壳体20的前侧朝向驾驶者的一侧，所述壳体20的背侧朝向车前方的一侧，所述第一光敏传感器40设置在所述壳体20的前侧用于检测后方车辆所发出的灯光的强度，所述第二光敏传感器50设置在所述壳体20的背侧用于检测白天和黑夜时外界光线的强度，所述第一光敏传感器40和所述第二光敏传感器50的材质可以为光敏电阻、光敏二极管或者光敏三极管等，参数、型号均不相同，在黑夜的时候或后车车灯光线强的时候阻值变小，白天的时候或后车车灯光线弱的时候阻值变大。根据所述第一光敏传感器40感应来自后方车辆灯光的强度转化成第一电信号并发送至所述控制电路板80，所述控制电路板80根据所述第一电信号调节所述液晶光阀60的两端的接入电压，根据所述接入电压的大小调节所述液晶光阀60的反射率，驾驶员能够清晰地看到所述防眩目后视镜10显示的车辆情况，避免了强光直接照射在所述防眩目后视镜10上反射造成人眼短暂失明或刺眼的问题。所述第二光敏传感器50用于感应前方的光的强度转化成第二电信号并传送至所述控制电路板80，所述控制电路板80根据所述第二电信号调节所述液晶光阀60的两端的接入电压，根据所述接入的电压的大小调节所述液晶光阀60的透过率，调节所述显示面板的显示效果，提高了用户的体验度。
需要说明的是，所述控制电路板80主要包括微处理器MCU和电源，所述控制电路板80可以接收所述第一光敏传感器40和所述第二光敏传感器50感应的光信号转换成的电信号，所述控制电路板80控制所述电源向所述液晶光阀60的两端的输出电压的大小，即所述电信号越强，所述液晶光阀60的两端的电压越大，所述液晶光阀60的反射率变小，这样就降低了所述防眩目后视镜10的反射光强度。所述第一光敏传感器40和所述第二光敏传感器50可以配合使用，所述液晶光阀60通过反射率和透过率变化来对照射在所述液晶光阀60上的光进行调节，使所述防眩目后视镜10上呈现出清晰和柔和的图像，提高了所述防眩目后视镜10的显示效果。
参阅图2，进一步地，所述液晶光阀60包括依次层叠的第一偏光层61、第一导电层62、第一取向层63、液晶层64、第二取向层65、第二导电层66及第二偏光层67，所述第一偏光层61位于前侧。
所述第一偏光层61为吸收型偏光层，用于非偏振的光通过所述吸收型偏光层时，吸收与所述吸收偏光层的吸收轴偏振方向一致的光，并允许与所述吸收型偏光层的吸收轴偏振方向垂直的光透过。所述第二偏光层67为半透半反偏光层，用于反射与所述半透半反偏光层的反射轴方向一致的光，并允许与所述半透半反偏光层的反射轴偏振方向垂直的光透过。所述第一取向层63和所述第二取向层65用于使所述液晶层64的液晶分子定向排列。
需要说明的是，所述吸收型偏光层的吸收轴方向与所述半透半反偏光层的反射轴偏振方向相互垂直，当环境光入射到所述防眩目后视镜本体30上时，透过所述吸收型偏光层（与其吸收轴偏振方向垂直）的光会在到达所述半透半反偏光层时反射，从所述半透半反偏光层反射回所述吸收型偏光层的光又可以透过所述吸收型偏光层，从而达到镜面反射的效果。其中，所述环境光主要为车内的灯光、后方车辆发出的照明光、外界光线等。所述液晶光阀60是通过电压控制液晶分子的双折射率和延迟量来实现对光的控制，在两片镀有透明电极的平板玻璃基板上涂上取向层，中间填充液晶材料，玻璃基板之间的空隙由其边缘精细的玻璃纤维进行控制，两片玻璃基板的两面外侧分别贴附所述偏振方向相互垂直的吸收性偏光层61和半透半反偏光层67，当所述液晶层64的两端电压为零时，所述液晶分子排列方向与玻璃基板方向垂直，液晶的双折射最大，透过吸收型偏光层得到的线偏振光可以直接透过液晶层，但是半透半反偏光层的偏振方向和吸收型偏光层偏光轴方向垂直，所以光不能通过，此时透过率最小，反射率最大；随着所述液晶层64的两端电压的增加，受到电场作用，所述液晶分子开始向和玻璃基板表面平行的方向倾斜，液晶的双折射变小，光通过液晶的延迟量变大，通过吸收型偏光层得到的线偏振光经过液晶层后会变成椭圆偏振光或圆偏振光，此时椭圆偏振光或圆偏振光会分解成两个方向，与半透半反型偏光层吸光轴方向平行的光会透过，垂直方向的光不会透过，透过率逐渐变大，反射率逐渐变小。采用所述液晶光阀60来灵活调节所述防眩目后视镜10的显示效果，提高了驾驶的安全性。
参阅图3，进一步地，所述防眩目后视镜10还包括：
开关90，连接至所述显示面板70，用于开启或关闭所述显示面板70。
在本实施方式中，所述开关90可以设置在所述防眩目后视镜10上，也可以设置在车内便于驾驶员操作的其他位置，在所述显示面板70被开启时，所述防眩目后视镜10用作显示屏；在所述显示面板70被关闭时，所述防眩目后视镜10用作后视镜。所述开关90与所述显示面板70电性连接，所述显示面板70可以为液晶显示面板（TFT），所述显示面板70还与设置在汽车后端的高清摄像头电性连接，驾驶员在进行倒车时，通过所述开关90开启所述显示面板70与所述高清摄像头连通，使位于该汽车后方的场景直接显示在所述防眩目后视镜本体30上；当驾驶员驾驶车辆前进时，通过关闭所述开关90，所述显示面板70为关闭状态相当于平面镜，随着后方车辆照射的光或者外界光线的增强，所述第一光敏传感器40和所述第二光敏传感器50均向所述控制电路板80发送电信号，使所述液晶光阀60的两端加入合适的电压。需要注意的是，当所述防眩目后视镜10用作显示屏或者用作后视镜时，所述控制电路板80均可以根据所述第一光敏传感器40和所述第二光敏传感器50对所述液晶光阀60的两端电压进行调节，主要通过预先设定所述第一光敏传感器40的第一阈值和所述第二光敏传感器50的第二阈值，所述第一阈值与所述第二阈值不同，这样可以提高所述第一光敏传感器40和所述第二光敏传感器50的灵敏度，使所述防眩目后视镜10达到较好的显示效果，减少了驾驶员对所述防眩目后视镜10的反光出现不适的频率。
此外，在使用所述防眩目后视镜10时，所述控制电路板80通过所述第一导电层62和所述第二导电层66向所述液晶层64施加不同的电压，调整所述液晶分子的排列结构，从而调节通过所述液晶层64的光的偏振方向，当所述第一导电层62和所述第二导电层66之间施加一个一定范围内的电压时，所述液晶层64的液晶分子的指向矢可以产生偏转，并且其偏转角度可根据施加电压的大小来改变，在所述第一取向层63和所述第二取向层65的进一步作用下，所述液晶分子的排列结构可以发生改变，从而调节通过所述液晶层64的光的偏振方向，最终达到调光的效果。优选通过所述液晶层64的偏振光的偏振方向可以从0度到90度连续变化，使所述液晶光阀60能精确地调整输出光强。当非偏振的环境光通过所述吸收型偏光层时，与所述吸收型偏光层吸收轴偏振方向一致的光被吸收，只有偏振方向与其垂直的光透过，透过的偏振光进入所述液晶层，所述控制电路板80根据反馈信息，输出相应的电压至所述第一导电层62和所述第二导电层66上，所述液晶层64中的液晶分子根据电压的大小调整其偏转角度，改变透过所述液晶层64的偏振光的偏振方向，所述反馈信息的获得可以通过所述第一光敏传感器40和所述第二光敏传感器50感应到的环境光的光强，并转换成电信号反馈至所述控制电路板80，将所述半透半反偏光层设置成反射轴偏振方向与所述吸收型偏光层的透射轴偏振方向垂直，所述液晶层64根据施加电压的大小将改变偏振方向的光的比例设置在0~100%范围内变化，使通过所述液晶光阀60的偏振光被反射回所述液晶光阀60的光的比例可以被控制，被再次调整偏转角度后，再次通过所述吸收型偏光层反射至驾驶员眼里，从而达到自动防眩目的功能。
本实用新型还提供一种汽车，包括上述防眩目后视镜10，所述防眩目后视镜10为安装在所述汽车内的防眩目流媒体后视镜。
所述防眩目后视镜10安装在所述汽车的内部,与安装在所述汽车尾部的摄像头连接，在不同的环境光下，通过所述防眩目后视镜10的自动调节可以减少反光，使所述防眩目后视镜10显示的图像更清晰。当驾驶员需要进行倒车时，可以通过所述开关90开启所述显示面板70，所述防眩目后视镜10用作显示屏，所述防眩目后视镜本体30上显示倒车影像的矩形框，此时所述汽车的用于倒车的语音装置和距离传感器接通，使驾驶员的倒车操作更便捷，提高了用户的体验度。
当所述汽车为进行正常行驶时，可以通过所述开关90关闭所述显示面板70，所述防眩目后视镜10用作后视镜，所述液晶光阀60调整光的反射率和透过率的过程和上述调节的过程相同，此处不再赘述。
本实用新型提供的一种防眩目后视镜10及汽车，通过在所述壳体20的前侧设置第一光敏传感器40、在所述壳体20的背面设置第二光敏传感器50，所述控制电路板80通过所述第一光敏传感器40和所述第二光敏传感器50感应的光的强度来调节所述液晶光阀60的反射率和透过率。在所述显示面板70被开启时，所述防眩目后视镜10用作显示屏这样可以调节所述显示面板的显示效果，提高了用户的体验度；在所述显示面板70被关闭时，所述防眩目后视镜10用作后视镜，这样可以调节反射光强，避免经过所述防眩目后视镜反射的强反射光对驾驶员造成眩目的问题，提高了驾驶汽车的安全性。
另外，虽然为了说明简洁的目的，本文附图是以基本上平面形式来描述的。但是，本领域技术人员应当可以理解，本实用新型的防眩目后视镜10也可以是包括凹和凸的由面的，例如可以包括柱面、球面、椭球面、抛物面等等由面中的二个或组合。另外，本领域技术人员应当可以理解，本实用新型的防眩目后视镜10也可以应用于由具有不同反射方向或凹凸由率特性的两个或更多个不同镜面组合起来的组合后视镜。
以上所述，仅为本实用新型的具体实施方式，但本实用新型的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本实用新型揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本实用新型的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种防眩目后视镜，其特征在于，包括壳体、安装在所述壳体内的防眩目后视镜本体、设置在所述壳体的前侧的第一光敏传感器以及设置在所述壳体的背面的第二光敏传感器，所述防眩目后视镜本体包括：
    液晶光阀，用于调节照射在所述液晶光阀上的光的反射率和透过率；
    显示面板，设置在所述液晶光阀的背侧；
    控制电路板，与所述第一光敏传感器、所述第二光敏传感器及所述液晶光阀电性连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的防眩目后视镜，其特征在于，所述液晶光阀包括依次层叠的第一偏光层、第一导电层、第一取向层、液晶层、第二取向层、第二导电层及第二偏光层，所述第一偏光层位于前侧。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的防眩目后视镜，其特征在于，所述第一偏光层为吸收型偏光层，用于非偏振的光通过所述吸收型偏光层时，吸收与所述吸收型偏光层的吸收轴偏振方向一致的光，并允许与所述吸收型偏光层的吸收轴偏振方向垂直的光透过。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的防眩目后视镜，其特征在于，所述第二偏光层为半透半反偏光层，用于反射与所述半透半反偏光层的反射轴方向一致的光，并允许与所述半透半反偏光层的反射轴偏振方向垂直的光透过。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的防眩目后视镜，其特征在于，所述第一取向层和所述第二取向层用于使所述液晶层的液晶分子定向排列。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的显示面板，其特征在于，还包括：
    电源开关，连接至所述显示面板，用于开启或关闭所述显示面板。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的防眩目后视镜，其特征在于，还包括：
    在所述显示面板被开启时，所述防眩目后视镜用作显示屏；
    在所述显示面板被关闭时，所述防眩目后视镜用作后视镜。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的防眩目后视镜，其特征在于，所述第一光敏传感器用于感应来自后方的光的强度转化成第一电信号并传送至所述控制电路板，所述控制电路板根据所述第一电信号调节所述液晶光阀的反射率。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的防眩目后视镜，其特征在于，所述第二光敏传感器用于感应来自前方的光的强度转化成第二电信号并传送至所述控制电路板，所述控制电路板根据所述第二电信号调节所述液晶光阀的透过率。
  10. 一种汽车，其特征在于，包括权利要求1至9中任一项所述的防眩目后视镜，所述防眩目后视镜为安装在所述汽车内的防眩目流媒体后视镜。
PCT/CN2020/098778 2019-07-01 2020-06-29 防眩目后视镜及汽车 WO2021000824A1 (zh)

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