WO2021000563A1 - 一种多金属结核的参数测定装置及方法 - Google Patents

一种多金属结核的参数测定装置及方法 Download PDF

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WO2021000563A1
WO2021000563A1 PCT/CN2020/071229 CN2020071229W WO2021000563A1 WO 2021000563 A1 WO2021000563 A1 WO 2021000563A1 CN 2020071229 W CN2020071229 W CN 2020071229W WO 2021000563 A1 WO2021000563 A1 WO 2021000563A1
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water supply
measuring
measuring cup
water
housing
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PCT/CN2020/071229
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English (en)
French (fr)
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黎宙
刘禹维
彭赛锋
李小艳
曾轩
彭建平
程阳锐
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长沙矿冶研究院有限责任公司
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Publication of WO2021000563A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021000563A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N5/00—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid
    • G01N5/04—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder
    • G01N5/045—Analysing materials by weighing, e.g. weighing small particles separated from a gas or liquid by removing a component, e.g. by evaporation, and weighing the remainder for determining moisture content
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
    • G01N9/02—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by measuring weight of a known volume
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
    • G01N9/02—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by measuring weight of a known volume
    • G01N2009/022—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by measuring weight of a known volume of solids

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  • the present invention relates to the technical field of parameter measurement of polymetallic nodules, and in particular to a parameter measuring device and method for measuring the dry density, wet density and moisture content of polymetallic nodules.
  • the device and method are also applicable to other insoluble It is suitable for the determination of dry density, wet density and moisture content of small solid materials such as cement blocks and stones.
  • the methods for measuring the dry and wet density and moisture content of polymetallic nodules obtained through deep-sea sampling are basically based on manual discontinuous operations, which mainly involve measuring sample volume, wet weight, dry weight and other parameters.
  • the measurement of the sample volume is carried out by the drainage method with a graduated cylinder, and the weight is weighed by a balance, which has a large reading error.
  • the nodules are dried using a dryer. The entire measurement process is complicated, and samples are transferred between different containers, which easily causes the loss of sample debris and reduces the accuracy of the measurement results.
  • the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a parameter measuring device and method for polymetallic nodules, so as to solve the problems of complicated operation and low accuracy of measurement results when the measuring device in the prior art measures the density and moisture content of polymetallic nodules.
  • a parameter measuring device for polymetallic nodules includes: a measuring cup for holding a sample of polymetallic nodules to be tested; On the measuring cup; the drying device, the measuring cup is placed on the drying device, and the drying device is used to dry the polymetallic nodule sample to be tested in the measuring cup; the weighing device, the measuring cup, the sealing cover and the drying device The dry devices are all placed on the weighing device; the water supply and drainage pipes are used to fill or drain the water in the measuring cup.
  • a first flow meter and a water supply and drainage pump are installed on the water supply and drainage pipe to supply and drain water.
  • the pipe is connected with a water tank; the overflow pipe is connected with the inner cavity of the measuring cup body, the overflow pipe is used to overflow the excess water, and a second flow meter is arranged on the overflow pipe.
  • water supply and drain pipe extends into the measuring cup, and the end of the water supply and drain pipe is close to the inner surface of the bottom of the measuring cup.
  • the parameter measuring device also includes a housing, the housing is placed on the drying device, the measuring cup is placed in the housing, the sealing cover is sealed on the housing, and the bottom of the measuring cup is provided with an overflow hole to provide
  • the drain pipe extends between the shell and the measuring cup, and the end of the water supply and drain pipe is close to the inner surface of the bottom of the shell.
  • a partition is also provided between the water supply and drainage pipe and the measuring cup, and a filter screen is provided at the lower part of the partition.
  • the parameter measuring device further includes a housing, the drying device is placed in the housing and is arranged close to the periphery of the measuring cup, the measuring cup is placed on the drying device, and the sealing cover is sealed and closed on the housing ,
  • the bottom of the measuring cup is provided with an overflow hole, the drying device is provided with a water passage, the water supply and drainage pipe extends between the casing and the drying device, and the end of the water supply and drainage pipe is close to the inner surface of the bottom of the casing.
  • the part of the water supply and drainage pipe extending into the housing and the part extending out of the housing are connected through a connecting hose; the part of the overflow pipe extending into the housing and the part extending out of the housing are connected through a connection The hoses are connected.
  • the drying device includes a bottom heating device provided on the bottom of the measuring cup and a side heating device provided on the side of the measuring cup.
  • the parameter determination device further includes a controller, and the drying device, the weighing device, the first flow meter, the water supply and drainage pump and the second flow meter are all connected to the controller.
  • a method for measuring parameters of polymetallic nodules is provided, which is measured by using the above-mentioned parameter measuring device for polymetallic nodules.
  • the method for measuring parameters includes:
  • the weight G1 of the measuring device above the weighing device is measured by the weighing device;
  • the parameter measuring device The internal cavity volume is a fixed value V3;
  • the parameter determination method further includes:
  • the water in the inner cavity of the parameter measuring device is discharged through the water supply and drainage pipe through the water supply and drainage pump, and then the drying device is turned on to dry the polymetallic nodule sample to be tested, and then the measuring device and the measuring device above the weighing device are measured by the weighing device.
  • the dry density of the polymetallic nodule sample to be tested is: (G3-G1)/(V3-V1+V2);
  • the moisture content of the polymetallic nodule sample to be tested is: (G2-G3)/(G3-G1) ⁇ 100%.
  • the technical scheme of the present invention By applying the technical scheme of the present invention, all the measurement processes are carried out in one container, and there is no need to transfer the polymetallic nodule samples in different containers, thereby avoiding the loss of sample debris, the parameter determination results are more accurate, and the measurement accuracy is high;
  • the wet density, dry density and moisture content of the nodule sample can be measured in a set of equipment and a set of processes.
  • the device has a simple structure and is very convenient to operate.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a parameter measurement device of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a parameter measuring device of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a parameter measuring device of embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the inside of the parameter measuring device of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a parameter measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a parameter measuring device for polymetallic nodules according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the parameter measuring device is mainly suitable for measuring the wet density, dry density and moisture content of marine polymetallic nodules samples, and can also be used for the above-mentioned parameters of other particulate materials The determination.
  • the structure of the parameter determination device is shown in FIG. 1, and it can be seen from FIG. 1, it mainly includes a measuring cup 10, a sealing cover 20, a drying device 30, a weighing device 40, a water supply and drainage pipe 50 and an overflow pipe 60.
  • the measuring cup 10 is used to hold the polymetallic nodule sample to be tested; the sealing cover 20 is sealed and closed on the opening of the measuring cup 10; the measuring cup 10 is placed on the drying device 30, which is used for the drying device 30.
  • the above-mentioned parameter measuring device can complete the determination of the wet density, dry density, and moisture content of the polymetallic nodule sample through a set of devices. All the measurement processes are carried out in one measuring cup 10, which avoids the sample being between different containers. Circumstances that cause sample debris to be lost during transfer.
  • the parameter measuring device is easy to operate, has high accuracy of measurement results and high measurement accuracy.
  • one end of the water supply and drainage pipe 50 extends into the measuring cup 10, and the end of the water supply and drainage pipe 50 is close to the bottom inner surface of the measuring cup 10.
  • Such a setting can reduce the washing of the polymetallic nodules sample caused by the water flow when water is poured into the measuring cup 10; Both the water supply and drain pipe 50 and the overflow pipe 60 are connected to the sealing cover 20.
  • the drying device 30 includes a bottom heating device 32 and a side heating device 33.
  • the bottom heating device 32 is arranged at the bottom of the measuring cup 10; the side heating device 33 is arranged at the side of the measuring cup 10. This setting can effectively improve the drying efficiency.
  • the drying device 30 may use an existing electric heater; and the weighing device 40 may use an existing high-precision weighing equipment, such as a high-precision electronic balance.
  • the parameter measuring device can also realize the continuous automatic measurement of multiple parameters of polymetallic nodules by setting a reasonable control structure.
  • the weight G1 of the measuring device (sealing cover 20, drying device 30, measuring cup 10 and connected pipe part) above the weighing device 40 is measured by the weighing device 40;
  • the internal cavity volume of the parameter determination device is a fixed value V3, which specifically refers to the internal cavity volume enclosed by the measuring cup 10 and the sealing cover 20 plus the water supply and drainage pipe 50 and the overflow pipe 60 from the connection cavity
  • V3 the volume of the parameter determination device
  • dry density and moisture content of the polymetallic nodule sample to be tested can also be determined:
  • the water in the inner cavity of the parameter measuring device is discharged through the water supply and drainage pipe 50 through the water supply and drainage pump 80, and then the drying device 30 is turned on to dry the polymetallic nodule sample to be tested, and then the weighing device 40 is measured by the weighing device 40 The total weight of the upper measuring device and the dried sample G3;
  • the dry density of the polymetallic nodule sample to be tested is: (G3-G1)/(V3-V1+V2);
  • the moisture content of the polymetallic nodule sample to be tested is: (G2-G3)/(G3-G1) ⁇ 100%.
  • the parameter measuring device of this embodiment also includes a casing 110, and the sealing cover 20 is sealed and closed on the casing 110; the measuring cup 10 is placed in the casing 110, and the casing The body 110 is placed on the drying device 30; a plurality of overflow holes 11 are provided at the bottom of the measuring cup body 10, the water supply and drainage pipe 50 extends between the housing 110 and the measuring cup body 10, and the end of the water supply and drainage pipe 50 Close to the bottom inner surface of the housing 110; the water supply and drainage pipe 50 and the overflow pipe 60 are horizontally connected to the side of the housing 110. Further, between the water supply and drainage pipe 50 and the measuring cup body 10, a partition 120 is also provided, and a filter screen is provided at the lower part of the partition 120.
  • the parameter measuring device of this embodiment has the following advantages:
  • the water supply and drainage pipe 50 is extended between the housing 110 and the measuring cup body 10, and a plurality of overflow holes 11 are provided at the bottom of the measuring cup body 10, which can better reduce the flow of water during water injection. Disturbance of the polymetallic nodule sample can reduce the possibility of polymetallic nodules being sucked out by the water supply and drainage pipe 50 when the water is drained through the water supply and drainage pipe 50; a partition 120 is also provided between the water supply and drainage pipe 50 and the measuring cup 10 , And a filter screen is arranged at the lower part of the partition 120, which can further prevent the polymetallic nodules from being sucked out by the water supply and drainage pipe 50.
  • the weight G1 of the measuring device (sealing cover 20, drying device 30, measuring cup 10 and connected pipe part) above the weighing device 40 is measured by the weighing device 40;
  • the internal cavity volume of the parameter measuring device is a fixed value V3.
  • the volume V3 specifically refers to the internal cavity volume enclosed by the housing 110 and the sealing cover 20 plus the water supply and drainage pipe 50 and the overflow pipe 60 from one end of the connection cavity To the sum of the volume where the flowmeter is connected, the volume V3 can be obtained by calibration without adding materials;
  • dry density and moisture content of the polymetallic nodule sample to be tested can also be determined:
  • the water is pumped out by the water supply and drainage pump 80, and the water in the measuring cup 10 is discharged from the overflow hole 11, enters between the partition 120 and the side wall of the housing 110 through the filter at the lower part of the partition 120, and then passes through the water supply and drainage pipe 50. Pump out the water; this will not only make the water drain cleaner, but also prevent polymetallic nodules from being extracted from the water supply and drainage pipe 50, improving the accuracy of the measurement results; drain the water in the measuring cup 10 and the housing 110 Then, the drying device 30 is turned on to dry the polymetallic nodules sample to be tested, and then the total weight G3 of the measuring device above the weighing device 40 and the dried sample is measured by the weighing device 40;
  • the dry density of the polymetallic nodule sample to be tested is: (G3-G1)/(V3-V1+V2);
  • the moisture content of the polymetallic nodule sample to be tested is: (G2-G3)/(G3-G1) ⁇ 100%.
  • the parameter measuring device mainly includes a measuring cup 10, a sealing cover 20, a drying device 30, a weighing device 40, a water supply and drainage pipe 50, an overflow pipe 60 and a housing 110.
  • the drying device 30 is placed in the housing 110 and is arranged close to the periphery of the measuring cup 10.
  • the drying device 30 is used for drying the polymetallic nodule sample to be tested in the measuring cup 10; the measuring cup 10 is placed on the drying device 30, the measuring cup 10 is used to hold the polymetallic nodule sample to be tested; the sealing cover 20 is sealed and closed on the housing 110, and the bottom of the measuring cup 10 is provided with an overflow hole 11 for drying
  • the device 30 is provided with a water passage 31, the water supply and drainage pipe 50 extends between the housing 110 and the drying device 30, and the end of the water supply and drainage pipe 50 is close to the inner surface of the bottom of the housing 110; the measuring cup body 10, the sealing The cover 20, the drying device 30 and the housing 110 are all placed on the weighing device 40; the water supply and drainage pipe 50 is used to inject water into the measuring cup 10 and the housing 110 or to remove the water in the measuring cup 10 and the housing 110.
  • a first flow meter 70 and a water supply and drainage pump 80 are also installed on the water supply and drainage pipe 50.
  • the water supply and drainage pipe 50 is connected to a water tank 90; the overflow pipe 60 is connected to the inner cavity of the measuring cup body 10, and the The overflow pipe 60 is used to overflow the excess water in the measuring cup 10, and a second flow meter 100 is also provided on the overflow pipe 60; the water supply and drainage pipe 50 and the overflow pipe 60 are connected horizontally to the housing 110 on the side wall.
  • the parameter measuring device of this embodiment has the advantage that the drying device 30 is placed in the housing 110 and arranged close to the periphery of the measuring cup 10, which is beneficial to improve drying. Drying efficiency, shortening the drying time, and improving the device's parameter measurement efficiency.
  • the part of the water supply and drainage pipe 50 extending into the housing 110 and the part extending out of the housing 110 are connected by a connecting hose 130; the overflow pipe 60 extends into The part of the housing 110 and the part extending out of the housing 110 are also connected by a connecting hose 130.
  • This setting can improve the accuracy of the measured weight.
  • the weight G1 of the measuring device (sealing cover 20, drying device 30, measuring cup 10 and connected pipe part) above the weighing device 40 is measured by the weighing device 40;
  • the internal cavity volume of the parameter measuring device is a fixed value V3.
  • the volume V3 specifically refers to the internal cavity volume enclosed by the housing 110 and the sealing cover 20 plus the water supply and drainage pipe 50 and the overflow pipe 60 from one end of the connection cavity To the sum of the volume where the flowmeter is connected, the volume V3 can be obtained by calibration without adding materials;
  • dry density and moisture content of the polymetallic nodule sample to be tested can also be determined:
  • the water in the measuring cup body 10 is discharged from the overflow hole 11 through the water supply and drainage pump 80, and enters between the drying device 30 and the side wall of the housing 110 through the water passage 31 on the drying device 30, and then passes through The water supply and drainage pipe 50 draws out the water; after draining the water in the measuring cup body 10 and the housing 110, the drying device 30 is turned on to dry the polymetallic nodules sample to be tested, and then the weighing device 40 is measured by the weighing device 40 The total weight of the upper measuring device and the dried sample G3;
  • the dry density of the polymetallic nodule sample to be tested is: (G3-G1)/(V3-V1+V2);
  • the moisture content of the polymetallic nodule sample to be tested is: (G2-G3)/(G3-G1) ⁇ 100%.
  • a parameter measuring device for polymetallic nodules according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the main structure of the parameter measuring device of this embodiment is the same as that of embodiment 1-3.
  • the parameter measuring device of this embodiment It also includes a controller (not shown in the figure), and the drying device 30, the weighing device 40, the first flow meter 70, the water supply and drainage pump 80 and the second flow meter 100 are all connected to the controller.
  • the controller can control the forward and reverse rotation of the water supply and drainage pump 80 for water supply and drainage, control the opening and closing of the drying device 30, and automatically collect weight parameters (G1, G2, and G3) and volume parameters (V1, V2 and V3), and then calculate the corresponding parameter measurement results according to the corresponding wet density, dry density and moisture content calculation formulas.
  • a display screen can be connected to the output terminal of the controller to display the parameter measurement results.
  • the tester adds the sample to the measuring cup 10, he only needs to set the corresponding control parameters and press the start button to complete the entire parameter determination process, which can further improve the automation of the device. , Making the operation easier.

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Abstract

一种多金属结核的参数测定装置及方法，装置包括：测量杯体（10）；密封盖（20），盖合在测量杯体（10）上；烘干装置（30），测量杯体（10）置于烘干装置（30）上，烘干装置（30）用于烘干测量杯体（10）内的待测多金属结核样品；称重装置（40），测量杯体（10）、密封盖（20）和烘干装置（30）均置于称重装置（40）上；给排水管（50），用于向测量杯体（10）内注水或将测量杯体（10）内的水排出，给排水管（50）上安装一第一流量计（70）和一给排水泵（80），给排水管（50）与一水箱（90）连接；溢流管（60），与测量杯体（10）的内腔连通，溢流管（60）用于将多余的水溢出，溢流管（60）上设有一第二流量计（100）。该参数测定装置及方法可以对多金属结核的干密度、湿密度及含水率进行测定，并且操作简单，测量结果准确性高，精度高；整套装置可采用电池或交流电源供电，方便海上及现场测量。

Description

一种多金属结核的参数测定装置及方法 技术领域
本发明涉及多金属结核参数测定技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种对多金属结核的干密度、湿密度及含水率进行测定的参数测定装置及方法，该装置及方法也可适用于其它不溶于水的小型固体物料，如水泥块、石头等的干密度、湿密度及含水率的测定。
背景技术
在深海矿产资源的调查过程中，人们经常需要对采集的多金属结核样品进行分析，主要包括采样区域结核的湿密度、干密度、含水率、丰度和品位等参数。
目前，对于通过深海取样所获取的多金属结核干湿密度以及含水率的测定方法基本以人工的不连续的操作为主，主要涉及测量样品的体积，湿重，干重等参数。对样品体积的测定采用量筒通过排水法进行，重量通过天平进行称重，存在很大的读数误差。结核的烘干采用烘干机进行，整个测量流程复杂，且样品在不同的容器间转移，易造成样品碎屑的丢失，降低了测量结果的准确性。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种多金属结核的参数测定装置及方法，以解决现有技术中的测定装置测量多金属结核的密度和含水率时操作复杂、测量结果准确性不高的问题。
为了实现上述目的，根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种多金属结核的参数测定装置，该参数测定装置包括：测量杯体，用于盛放待测多金属结核样品；密封盖，盖合在测量杯体上；烘干装置，测量杯体置于烘干装置上，烘干装置用于烘干测量杯体内的待测多金属结核样品；称重装置，测量杯体、密封盖和烘干装置均置于称重装置上；给排水管，给排水管用于向测量杯体内注水或将测量杯体内的水排出，给排水管上安装一第一流量计和一给排水泵，给排水管与一水箱连接；溢流管，与测量杯体的内腔连通，溢流管用于将多余的水溢出，溢流管上设有一第二流量计。
进一步地，给排水管伸入测量杯体内，且给排水管的端部贴近测量杯体的底部内表面。
进一步地，参数测定装置还包括一壳体，壳体置于烘干装置上，测量杯体置于壳体内，密封盖密封盖合在壳体上，测量杯体的底部设有溢水孔，给排水管伸入壳体和测量杯体之间，且给排水管的端部贴近壳体的底部内表面。
进一步地，给排水管与测量杯体之间还设有一隔板，隔板的下部设有滤网。
进一步地，参数测定装置还包括一壳体，烘干装置置于壳体内，且紧挨设置在测量杯体 的外围，测量杯体置于烘干装置上，密封盖密封盖合在壳体上，测量杯体的底部设有溢水孔，烘干装置上设有过水通道，给排水管伸入壳体和烘干装置之间，且给排水管的端部贴近壳体的底部内表面。
进一步地，给排水管伸入壳体的部分与伸出壳体的部分之间通过一连接软管相连接；溢流管伸入壳体的部分与伸出壳体的部分之间通过一连接软管相连接。
进一步地，烘干装置包括设于测量杯体的底部的底部加热装置和设于测量杯体的侧部的侧部加热装置。
进一步地，参数测定装置还包括一控制器，烘干装置、称重装置、第一流量计、给排水泵和第二流量计均与控制器连接。
根据本发明的另一方面，提供了一种多金属结核的参数测定方法，采用上述的多金属结核的参数测定装置进行测定，该参数测定方法包括：
在加入待测多金属结核样品之前，通过称重装置测得称重装置上方的测定装置的重量G1；
向测量杯体内加入待测多金属结核样品，盖好密封盖，再通过称重装置测得称重装置上方的测定装置和样品的总重量G2；
开启给排水泵，通过给排水管向参数测定装置的内腔中注水直至溢流管有水排出，记录此时第一流量计和第二流量计的读数，分别为V1和V2，参数测定装置的内腔容积为定值V3；
则待测多金属结核样品的湿密度为：(G2－G1)/(V3－V1+V2)。
进一步地，在测得待测多金属结核样品的湿密度之后，参数测定方法还包括：
通过给排水泵将参数测定装置的内腔中的水经给排水管排出，然后开启烘干装置将待测多金属结核样品烘干，再通过称重装置测得称重装置上方的测定装置和烘干后样品的总重量G3；
则待测多金属结核样品的干密度为：(G3－G1)/(V3－V1+V2)；
待测多金属结核样品的含水率为：(G2－G3)/(G3－G1)×100％。
应用本发明的技术方案，全部测量流程均在一个容器中进行，无需将多金属结核样品在不同容器中进行转移，避免了样品碎屑的丢失，参数测定结果更加准确，测量精度高；多金属结核样品的湿密度、干密度和含水率均可以在一套装置和一套流程中进行测定，装置结构简单，操作非常方便。
附图说明
构成本申请的一部分的说明书附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，本发明的示意性实 施例及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1为本发明实施例1的参数测定装置的结构示意图。
图2为本发明实施例2的参数测定装置的结构示意图。
图3为本发明实施例3的参数测定装置的结构示意图。
图4为本发明实施例3的参数测定装置的内部俯视示意图。
图5为本发明实施例的参数测定方法的流程图。
其中，上述附图包括以下附图标记：
10、测量杯体；11、溢水孔；20、密封盖；30、烘干装置；31、过水通道；32、底部加热装置；33、侧部加热装置；40、称重装置；50、给排水管；60、溢流管；70、第一流量计；80、给排水泵；90、水箱；100、第二流量计；110、壳体；120、隔板；130、连接软管。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本发明，下文将结合说明书附图和较佳的实施例对本发明作更全面、细致地描述，但本发明的保护范围并不限于以下具体的实施例。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本发明中的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
除非另有定义，下文中所使用的所有专业术语与本领域技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本发明专利申请说明书以及权利要求书中使用的“第一”、“第二”以及类似的词语并不表示任何顺序、数量或者重要性，而仅仅是为了便于对相应零部件进行区别。同样，“一个”或者“一”等类似词语不表示数量限制，而是表示存在至少一个。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于直接的连接，还可以是通过其他中间连接件间接的连接。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系，当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后，则该相对位置关系也相应地改变。
实施例1
一种本发明实施例的多金属结核的参数测定装置，该参数测定装置主要适用于海洋多金属结核样品的湿密度、干密度及含水率的测定，也可以用于对其他颗粒物料的上述参数的测定。
该参数测定装置的结构如图1所示，由图1可见，其主要包括测量杯体10、密封盖20、烘干装置30、称重装置40、给排水管50和溢流管60。其中，测量杯体10用于盛放待测多金属结核样品；密封盖20密封盖合在测量杯体10的开口部；测量杯体10置于烘干装置30上，该烘干装置30用于烘干测量杯体10内的待测多金属结核样品；测量杯体10、密封盖20和烘干装置30均置于称重装置40上，称重装置40用于称重；给排水管50用于向测量杯体10内注水或将测量杯体10内的水排出，在该给排水管50上安装有一个第一流量计70和一 个给排水泵80，给排水管50与一个水箱90连接；溢流管60与测量杯体10的内腔连通，该溢流管60用于将测量杯体10内多余的水溢出，并且，在溢流管60上还设置有一个第二流量计100。
上述的参数测定装置，通过一套装置即可完成多金属结核样品的湿密度、干密度以及含水率的测定，全部测定流程均在一个测量杯体10内进行，避免了样品在不同的容器间转移时导致样品碎屑丢失的情况。该参数测定装置操作简便、测量结果准确性高、测量精度高。
进一步地，参见图1，在本实施例中，给排水管50的一端伸入测量杯体10内，且给排水管50的端部贴近测量杯体10的底部内表面。如此设置，一方面可以降低向测量杯体10内注水时水流对多金属结核样品造成冲刷；另一方面可以在排水时使水排得更加干净，缩短烘干时间。给排水管50和溢流管60均连接在密封盖20上。
具体来说，参见图1，在本实施例中，烘干装置30包括底部加热装置32和侧部加热装置33。其中，底部加热装置32设置在测量杯体10的底部；侧部加热装置33设置在测量杯体10的侧部。如此设置，可以有效提高烘干效率。
在本实施例中，烘干装置30可采用现有的电加热器；而称重装置40可采用现有的高精度称重设备，如高精度电子天平。该参数测定装置通过设置合理的控制结构，还可以实现对多金属结核的多个参数的连续自动测定。
本实施例的参数测定装置的使用方法如下(其流程图如图5所示)：
在加入待测多金属结核样品之前，通过称重装置40测得称重装置40上方的测定装置(密封盖20、烘干装置30、测量杯体10及连接的管道部分)的重量G1；
向测量杯体10内加入待测多金属结核样品，盖好密封盖20，再通过称重装置40测得称重装置40上方的测定装置和样品的总重量G2；
开启给排水泵80，通过给排水管50向参数测定装置的内腔中注水直至溢流管60有水排出，记录此时第一流量计70和第二流量计100的读数，分别为V1和V2；参数测定装置的内腔容积为定值V3，该容积V3具体是指由测量杯体10和密封盖20围成的内腔容积加上给排水管50和溢流管60从连接内腔一端至连接流量计处的容积之和，该容积V3可以在不加物料的情况下进行标定得到；
则待测多金属结核样品的湿密度为：(G2－G1)/(V3－V1+V2)。
进一步地，还可以对待测多金属结核样品的干密度和含水率进行测定：
通过给排水泵80将参数测定装置的内腔中的水经给排水管50排出，然后开启烘干装置30将待测多金属结核样品烘干，再通过称重装置40测得称重装置40上方的测定装置和烘干后样品的总重量G3；
则待测多金属结核样品的干密度为：(G3－G1)/(V3－V1+V2)；
待测多金属结核样品的含水率为：(G2－G3)/(G3－G1)×100％。
实施例2
参见图2，一种本发明实施例的多金属结核的参数测定装置。由图2可见，该参数测定装置的主体结构与实施例1相同。与实施例1相比，其区别主要在于：本实施例的参数测定装置还包括一个壳体110，密封盖20密封盖合在壳体110上；测量杯体10置于壳体110内，壳体110置于烘干装置30上；在测量杯体10的底部设置有多个溢水孔11，给排水管50伸入壳体110和测量杯体10之间，且给排水管50的端部贴近壳体110的底部内表面；给排水管50和溢流管60水平连接在壳体110的侧面。进一步地，在给排水管50与测量杯体10之间还设置有一块隔板120，该隔板120的下部设有滤网。
与实施例1的参数测定装置相比，本实施例的参数测定装置的优点在于：
通过设置壳体110，将给排水管50伸入到壳体110与测量杯体10之间，并在测量杯体10的底部设置有多个溢水孔11，可更好地降低注水时水流对多金属结核样品的扰动，并且可以减少通过给排水管50排水时多金属结核碎屑被给排水管50吸出的可能；通过在给排水管50与测量杯体10之间还设置一块隔板120，并在隔板120的下部设置滤网，可以更进一步避免多金属结核碎屑被给排水管50吸出。
本实施例的参数测定装置的使用方法如下(其流程图如图5所示)：
在加入待测多金属结核样品之前，通过称重装置40测得称重装置40上方的测定装置(密封盖20、烘干装置30、测量杯体10及连接的管道部分)的重量G1；
向测量杯体10内加入待测多金属结核样品，盖好密封盖20，再通过称重装置40测得称重装置40上方的测定装置和样品的总重量G2；
开启给排水泵80，通过给排水管50向参数测定装置的内腔中注水直至溢流管60有水排出，记录此时第一流量计70和第二流量计100的读数，分别为V1和V2，参数测定装置的内腔容积为定值V3，该容积V3具体是指由壳体110和密封盖20围成的内腔容积加上给排水管50和溢流管60从连接内腔一端至连接流量计处的容积之和，该容积V3可以在不加物料的情况下进行标定得到；
则待测多金属结核样品的湿密度为：(G2－G1)/(V3－V1+V2)。
进一步地，还可以对待测多金属结核样品的干密度和含水率进行测定：
通过给排水泵80向外抽水，测量杯体10内的水从溢水孔11排出，经隔板120下部的滤网进入隔板120与壳体110的侧壁之间，再通过给排水管50将水抽出；这样不仅可以使水排得更干净，而且可以避免多金属结核碎屑从给排水管50被抽出，提高测定结果的准确性；将 测量杯体10和壳体110内的水排出后，开启烘干装置30将待测多金属结核样品烘干，再通过称重装置40测得称重装置40上方的测定装置和烘干后样品的总重量G3；
则待测多金属结核样品的干密度为：(G3－G1)/(V3－V1+V2)；
待测多金属结核样品的含水率为：(G2－G3)/(G3－G1)×100％。
实施例3
参见图3和图4，一种本发明实施例的多金属结核的参数测定装置。由图3和图4可见，该参数测定装置主要包括测量杯体10、密封盖20、烘干装置30、称重装置40、给排水管50、溢流管60和壳体110。
其中，烘干装置30置于壳体110内，且紧挨设置在测量杯体10的外围，该烘干装置30用于烘干测量杯体10内的待测多金属结核样品；测量杯体10置于烘干装置30上，测量杯体10用于盛放待测多金属结核样品；密封盖20密封盖合在壳体110上，测量杯体10的底部设有溢水孔11，烘干装置30上设有过水通道31，给排水管50伸入壳体110和烘干装置30之间，且给排水管50的端部贴近壳体110的底部内表面；测量杯体10、密封盖20、烘干装置30和壳体110均置于称重装置40上；给排水管50用于向测量杯体10及壳体110内注水或将测量杯体10和壳体110内的水排出；在该给排水管50上还安装有一个第一流量计70和一个给排水泵80，给排水管50与一个水箱90连接；溢流管60与测量杯体10的内腔连通，该溢流管60用于将测量杯体10内多余的水溢出，并且，在溢流管60上还设置有一个第二流量计100；给排水管50和溢流管60均水平连接在壳体110的侧壁上。
与实施例2的参数测定装置相比，本实施例的参数测定装置的优点在于：将烘干装置30置于壳体110内，且紧挨设置在测量杯体10的外围，有利于提高烘干效率，缩短烘干时间，提高装置的参数测定效率。
进一步地，参见图3，在本实施例中，给排水管50伸入壳体110的部分与伸出壳体110的部分之间通过一根连接软管130相连接；溢流管60伸入壳体110的部分与伸出壳体110的部分之间也通过一根连接软管130相连接。如此设置，可以提高所测量重量的准确性。
本实施例的参数测定装置的使用方法如下(其流程图如图5所示)：
在加入待测多金属结核样品之前，通过称重装置40测得称重装置40上方的测定装置(密封盖20、烘干装置30、测量杯体10及连接的管道部分)的重量G1；
向测量杯体10内加入待测多金属结核样品，盖好密封盖20，再通过称重装置40测得称重装置40上方的测定装置和样品的总重量G2；
开启给排水泵80，通过给排水管50向参数测定装置的内腔中注水直至溢流管60有水排出，记录此时第一流量计70和第二流量计100的读数，分别为V1和V2，参数测定装置的 内腔容积为定值V3，该容积V3具体是指由壳体110和密封盖20围成的内腔容积加上给排水管50和溢流管60从连接内腔一端至连接流量计处的容积之和，该容积V3可以在不加物料的情况下进行标定得到；
则待测多金属结核样品的湿密度为：(G2－G1)/(V3－V1+V2)。
进一步地，还可以对待测多金属结核样品的干密度和含水率进行测定：
通过给排水泵80向外抽水，测量杯体10内的水从溢水孔11排出，经烘干装置30上的过水通道31进入烘干装置30与壳体110的侧壁之间，再通过给排水管50将水抽出；将测量杯体10和壳体110内的水排出后，开启烘干装置30将待测多金属结核样品烘干，再通过称重装置40测得称重装置40上方的测定装置和烘干后样品的总重量G3；
则待测多金属结核样品的干密度为：(G3－G1)/(V3－V1+V2)；
待测多金属结核样品的含水率为：(G2－G3)/(G3－G1)×100％。
实施例4
一种本发明实施例的多金属结核的参数测定装置，本实施例的参数测定装置的主要结构与实施例1-3相同，在实施例1-3的基础上，本实施例的参数测定装置还包括一个控制器(图中未示出)，并且，烘干装置30、称重装置40、第一流量计70、给排水泵80和第二流量计100均与该控制器连接。
在装置使用过程中，可通过控制器控制给排水泵80的正转和反转进行给水和排水，控制烘干装置30的开启和关闭，自动采集重量参数(G1、G2和G3)和体积参数(V1、V2和V3)，然后根据相应的湿密度、干密度和含水率计算公式计算出相应的参数测定结果。并且，还可以设置一个显示屏与控制器的输出端连接，可将参数测定结果进行显示。
本实施例的参数测定装置使用时，测试人员将样品加入测量杯体10内后，只需设置好相应的控制参数并按下开始键就可以完成整个参数测定流程，可以进一步提高装置的自动化程度，使得操作更加简便。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种多金属结核的参数测定装置，其特征在于，所述参数测定装置包括：
    测量杯体(10)，用于盛放待测多金属结核样品；
    密封盖(20)，盖合在所述测量杯体(10)上；
    烘干装置(30)，所述测量杯体(10)置于所述烘干装置(30)上，所述烘干装置(30)用于烘干所述测量杯体(10)内的所述待测多金属结核样品；
    称重装置(40)，所述测量杯体(10)、所述密封盖(20)和所述烘干装置(30)均置于所述称重装置(40)上；
    给排水管(50)，所述给排水管(50)用于向所述测量杯体(10)内注水或将所述测量杯体(10)内的水排出，所述给排水管(50)上安装一第一流量计(70)和一给排水泵(80)，所述给排水管(50)与一水箱(90)连接；
    溢流管(60)，与所述测量杯体(10)的内腔连通，所述溢流管(60)用于将多余的水溢出，所述溢流管(60)上设有一第二流量计(100)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的多金属结核的参数测定装置，其特征在于，所述给排水管(50)伸入所述测量杯体(10)内，且所述给排水管(50)的端部贴近所述测量杯体(10)的底部内表面。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的多金属结核的参数测定装置，其特征在于，所述参数测定装置还包括一壳体(110)，所述壳体(110)置于所述烘干装置(30)上，所述测量杯体(10)置于所述壳体(110)内，所述密封盖(20)密封盖合在所述壳体(110)上，所述测量杯体(10)的底部设有溢水孔(11)，所述给排水管(50)伸入所述壳体(110)和所述测量杯体(10)之间，且所述给排水管(50)的端部贴近所述壳体(110)的底部内表面。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的多金属结核的参数测定装置，其特征在于，所述给排水管(50)与所述测量杯体(10)之间还设有一隔板(120)，所述隔板(120)的下部设有滤网。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的多金属结核的参数测定装置，其特征在于，所述参数测定装置还包括一壳体(110)，所述烘干装置(30)置于所述壳体(110)内，且紧挨设置在所述测量杯体(10)的外围，所述测量杯体(10)置于所述烘干装置(30)上，所述密封盖(20)密封盖合在所述壳体(110)上，所述测量杯体(10)的底部设有溢水孔(11)，所述烘干装置(30)上设有过水通道(31)，所述给排水管(50)伸入所述壳体(110)和所述烘干装置(30)之间，且所述给排水管(50)的端部贴近所述壳体(110)的底部内表面。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的多金属结核的参数测定装置，其特征在于，所述给排水管(50)伸入所述壳体(110)的部分与伸出所述壳体(110)的部分之间通过一连接软管(130)相连接；所述溢流管(60)伸入所述壳体(110)的部分与伸出所述壳体(110)的部分之间通过 一连接软管(130)相连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的多金属结核的参数测定装置，其特征在于，所述烘干装置(30)包括设于所述测量杯体(10)的底部的底部加热装置(32)和设于所述测量杯体(10)的侧部的侧部加热装置(33)。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任意一项所述的多金属结核的参数测定装置，其特征在于，所述参数测定装置还包括一控制器，所述烘干装置(30)、所述称重装置(40)、所述第一流量计(70)、所述给排水泵(80)和所述第二流量计(100)均与所述控制器连接。
  9. 一种多金属结核的参数测定方法，采用如权利要求1-8中任意一项所述的多金属结核的参数测定装置进行测定，其特征在于，所述参数测定方法包括：
    在加入待测多金属结核样品之前，通过所述称重装置(40)测得所述称重装置(40)上方的测定装置的重量G1；
    向所述测量杯体(10)内加入所述待测多金属结核样品，盖好所述密封盖(20)，再通过所述称重装置(40)测得所述称重装置(40)上方的测定装置和样品的总重量G2；
    开启所述给排水泵(80)，通过所述给排水管(50)向所述参数测定装置的内腔中注水直至所述溢流管(60)有水排出，记录此时所述第一流量计(70)和所述第二流量计(100)的读数，分别为V1和V2，所述参数测定装置的内腔容积为定值V3；
    则所述待测多金属结核样品的湿密度为：(G2－G1)/(V3－V1+V2)。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的多金属结核的参数测定方法，其特征在于，在测得所述待测多金属结核样品的湿密度之后，所述参数测定方法还包括：
    通过给排水泵(80)将所述参数测定装置的内腔中的水经所述给排水管(50)排出，然后开启所述烘干装置(30)将所述待测多金属结核样品烘干，再通过所述称重装置(40)测得所述称重装置(40)上方的测定装置和烘干后样品的总重量G3；
    则所述待测多金属结核样品的干密度为：(G3－G1)/(V3－V1+V2)；
    所述待测多金属结核样品的含水率为：(G2－G3)/(G3－G1)×100％。
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