WO2021000493A1 - 一种锂电池 - Google Patents

一种锂电池 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021000493A1
WO2021000493A1 PCT/CN2019/117833 CN2019117833W WO2021000493A1 WO 2021000493 A1 WO2021000493 A1 WO 2021000493A1 CN 2019117833 W CN2019117833 W CN 2019117833W WO 2021000493 A1 WO2021000493 A1 WO 2021000493A1
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Prior art keywords
film
electrode layer
wipe
isolation
lithium battery
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PCT/CN2019/117833
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张聪聪
王卫润东
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萨姆蒂萨（天津）数据信息技术有限公司
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Priority claimed from CN201910587978.5A external-priority patent/CN110444817B/zh
Application filed by 萨姆蒂萨（天津）数据信息技术有限公司 filed Critical 萨姆蒂萨（天津）数据信息技术有限公司
Publication of WO2021000493A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021000493A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/058—Construction or manufacture
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/403—Manufacturing processes of separators, membranes or diaphragms
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of electrical technology, in particular to a lithium battery.
  • the energy of the battery configured in the mobile terminal is generally low, and a mobile power supply (also called a power bank) is often required to supplement the battery of the mobile terminal.
  • the sustainable energy of ion batteries is about 230wh/kg and the energy density is about 600wh/L, which cannot meet the requirements of high energy density, high power density, and long cycle life.
  • the performance of the battery is mainly determined by the material. The technical breakthrough of the material is very difficult, the cycle is very long, and it is not conducive to meeting the battery requirements of high energy density, high power density, and long cycle life.
  • the invention provides a lithium battery, which solves the problem that the lithium battery in the prior art cannot meet the requirements of high energy density, high power density, and long cycle life.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a lithium battery, including:
  • At least one first electrode layer disposed on the insulating film
  • An isolation wipe press film disposed on the first electrode layer
  • At least one second electrode layer disposed on the isolation wipe pressing film
  • the isolation wiper film is a first slurry with a first predetermined viscosity Prepared by smearing on the first electrode layer.
  • the isolation wipe pressing film is prepared by pressing and baking the first slurry with a weight solid content of 5-50% and a viscosity range of 500-6000 cP; the thickness range of the isolation wipe pressing film For: 3 ⁇ 15um.
  • the first electrode layer is one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the lithium battery
  • the second electrode layer is the other of the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
  • the first electrode layer includes:
  • a first wipe press film disposed on the first current collector film
  • the first wipe pressing film is arranged against the isolation wipe pressing film; the first wipe pressing film is prepared by applying a second slurry with a second predetermined viscosity on the first current collector film of.
  • the first current collector film is a conductive metal vacuum deposition coating; the thickness of the first current collector film ranges from 0.5 to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the first plastering film is prepared by plastering and baking the second slurry with a solid content of 55 to 90% by weight and a viscosity range of 3500 to 15000 cP; the first plastering film The thickness range is: 3 ⁇ 70 ⁇ m.
  • the second electrode layer includes:
  • the second wipe pressing film is prepared by applying a third slurry with a third predetermined viscosity on the isolation wipe pressing film.
  • the second current collector film is a conductive metal vacuum deposition coating, and the thickness of the second current collector film ranges from 0.5 to 10 ⁇ m.
  • the second plastering film is prepared by plastering and baking the third slurry with a solid content of 55 to 90% by weight and a viscosity range of 3500 to 15000 cP; the second plastering film The thickness range is: 3 ⁇ 70 ⁇ m.
  • the isolation wipe pressing film is prepared by applying a first slurry with a first predetermined viscosity on the first electrode layer.
  • the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer (positive and negative electrode layers) are respectively.
  • the gapless contact method is adopted between the isolation wiper film, which greatly improves the stability of the battery during charging and discharging, and greatly reduces the intermediary material and reduces the conductive internal resistance, thereby solving the problem of low specific energy, low energy density and specific power of lithium ion batteries.
  • Figure 1 shows one of the schematic diagrams of a lithium battery according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 shows the second schematic diagram of a lithium battery according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 shows the third schematic diagram of a lithium battery according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a lithium battery, including: an insulating film 1, at least one first electrode layer 2, an isolation wipe press film 3, and at least one second electrode layer 4;
  • At least one first electrode layer 2 is provided on the insulating film 1, an isolation wiper film 4 is provided on the first electrode layer 2, and at least one second electrode layer 4 is provided on the isolation wiper On the membrane 3;
  • the isolation wipe press film 3 adopts It is prepared by applying a first slurry with a first predetermined viscosity on the first electrode layer 2.
  • the multiple first electrode layers 2 are superimposed and arranged, and the first electrode layer 2 is located between the insulating film 1 and the isolation wipe film 3;
  • the number of electrode layers 4 is multiple, multiple second electrode layers 4 are superimposed on each other, and the second electrode layer 4 is located on the isolation wipe film 3.
  • the former is used as the matrix of the latter in turn, and vapor deposition and/or wipe are carried out by physical adsorption of atoms/molecules/particles.
  • the first electrode layer 2 is prepared by the pressure baking method; specifically, the insulating film 1 is used as the substrate, and the first electrode layer 2 is prepared on the insulating film 1 through the physical adsorption vapor deposition of atoms/molecules/particles and the pressure baking process; An electrode layer 2 is used as a substrate, and an isolation wipe press film 3 is prepared on the first electrode layer 2 through a wipe pressing process; then the isolation wipe press film 3 is used as a substrate, and vapor deposition and vapor deposition are performed through physical adsorption of atoms/molecules/particles.
  • the second electrode layer 4 is prepared on the isolation wipe and pressure film 3 by the wipe pressing and baking process.
  • the isolation wipe press film 3 is prepared by applying a first slurry with a first predetermined viscosity on the first electrode layer 2.
  • the first electrode layer 2, the second electrode layer 4 (positive, The negative electrode layer) and the isolation wiper film 3 adopt a gapless contact method, which greatly improves the stability of the battery during charging and discharging and reduces the intermediary material and conductive internal resistance, thereby solving the problem of low specific energy and energy density of lithium-ion batteries.
  • the isolation wipe pressing film 3 is prepared by pressing and baking the first slurry with a weight solid content ranging from 5 to 50% and a viscosity ranging from 500 to 6000 cP; the thickness of the isolation wipe pressing film The range is: 3 ⁇ 15um.
  • the material of the isolation wipe pressing film 3 can be a polymer material, such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
  • the first electrode layer 2 is one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the lithium battery
  • the second electrode layer 4 is the other of the positive electrode and the negative electrode.
  • the second electrode layer 4 serves as the negative electrode of the lithium battery; when the first electrode layer 2 serves as the negative electrode of the lithium battery, the second electrode layer 4 serves as the lithium battery The positive pole.
  • the first electrode layer 2 includes: a first current collector film 21 and a first wipe press film 22 disposed on the first current collector film 21;
  • the first wipe pressing film 22 is arranged against the isolation wipe pressing film 3; the first wipe pressing film 22 is applied to the first current collector film 21 with a second slurry of a second predetermined viscosity Prepared above.
  • a positive/negative electrode slurry with a high solid content can be prepared by a process of pressing and baking.
  • the first current collector film 21 and the first wipe pressing film 22 may use negative electrode active materials, such as lithium metal (not limited to metal);
  • the first current collector film 21 and the first wipe pressing film 22 may use active materials, such as elemental sulfur (not limited to elemental sulfur).
  • the first current collector film is a conductive metal vacuum deposition film, such as: lithium, copper, aluminum, nickel and other conductive metal vacuum physical vapor deposition process, the thickness of the first current collector film is 0.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ m.
  • the first wipe pressing film is prepared by pressing and baking the second slurry with a weight solid content of 55 to 90% and a viscosity range of 3500 to 15000 cP; the thickness of the first wipe pressing film is :3 ⁇ 70 ⁇ m.
  • the insulating film 1 can be used as the substrate, and the thickness can be prepared on the insulating film 1 through the vacuum physical vapor deposition process of conductive metals such as lithium, copper, aluminum, and nickel.
  • the first wiping and pressing film 22 with a thickness ranging from 3 to 70 ⁇ m can be prepared by pressing and baking; further, the first wiping and pressing film 22 can also be used as a substrate, and the vacuum physical vaporization of conductive metals such as lithium, copper, aluminum, and nickel
  • a first current collector film 21 with a thickness ranging from 0.5 to 10 ⁇ m is prepared on the first wiping film 22, and the first current collector film 21 is used as a matrix, and the solid content by weight is in the range of 55 to
  • the second slurry with a viscosity range of 90% and a viscosity range of 3500 to 15000 cP is applied and baked to obtain a first application film 22 with a thickness in the range of 3 to 70 ⁇
  • the second electrode layer 4 includes: a second wipe press film 41 and a second current collector film 42 disposed on the second wipe press film 41;
  • the second wipe pressing film 41 is prepared by applying a third slurry with a third predetermined viscosity on the isolation wipe pressing film 3 or the second current collector film 42.
  • a positive/negative electrode slurry with a high solid content can be prepared by a process of pressing and baking.
  • the second current collector film 42 and the second wipe pressing film 41 may use a negative electrode active material, such as lithium metal (not limited to metal);
  • the second current collector film 42 and the second wipe pressing film 41 may use active materials, such as elemental sulfur (not limited to elemental sulfur).
  • the second current collector film 42 is a conductive metal vacuum deposition film, such as: lithium, copper, aluminum, nickel and other conductive metal vacuum physical vapor deposition process, the thickness of the second current collector film 42 is :0.5 ⁇ 10 ⁇ m.
  • the second wipe pressing film 41 is prepared by pressing and baking the third slurry with a weight solid content ranging from 55 to 90% and a viscosity range of 3500 to 15000 cP; the second wipe pressing film 41
  • the thickness range is: 3 ⁇ 70 ⁇ m.
  • the isolation wipe press film 3 can be used as the matrix first, and the third slurry with a weight solid content ranging from 55 to 90% and a viscosity ranging from 3500 to 15000 cP can be used.
  • the second wiping and pressing film 41 with a thickness ranging from 3 to 70 ⁇ m is prepared by material wiping and pressing and baking, and then using the second wiping and pressing film 41 as the substrate, through the process of vacuum physical vapor deposition of conductive metals such as lithium, copper, aluminum, and nickel ,
  • the second current collector film 42 with a thickness ranging from 0.5 to 10 ⁇ m is prepared on the second wipe pressing film 41; further, the second current collector film 42 can also be used as a matrix, by using the weight solid content range of 55 to
  • the third slurry with a viscosity range of 90% and a viscosity range of 3500 ⁇ 15000cP is bake to prepare a second wiping film 41 with a thickness in the range of 3 ⁇ 70 ⁇ m.
  • the second wiping film 41 is used as a matrix and passed through lithium
  • a second current collector film 42 with a thickness ranging from 0.5 to 10 ⁇ m is prepared on the second wiped film 41.
  • the preparation method of the lithium battery is specifically described below:
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • the insulating film is used as the substrate, and the negative electrode current collector film with a thickness of 2-10um is prepared by vacuum evaporation of pure copper (Cu), and the negative electrode current collector film is used as the substrate, and the weight solid content is 55-90%.
  • the 360mAh/g artificial graphite slurry with a viscosity of 3500 ⁇ 15000cP is prepared by pressing and baking to obtain a negative electrode pressing film with a thickness of 5 ⁇ 35um;
  • the negative electrode wipe press film as the substrate, and prepare the isolation wipe press film with a thickness of 3-15um by using 5-20% weight solid content and 500-1500cPPVDF slurry to press and bake;
  • the isolation wipe press film as the substrate, and use the 163mAh/g NCM622 slurry with a weight solid content of 55 to 90% and a viscosity of 3500 to 15000 cP to press and bake to prepare a positive wipe press film with a thickness of 5 to 35um, and
  • the positive electrode wiped film is the base body, and the positive electrode current collector film with a thickness of 2-10um is prepared by the method of pure aluminum (Al) vacuum evaporation.
  • the composite wipe press film (including the negative electrode wipe press film, the isolation wipe press film and the positive electrode wipe press film) can be folded and formed according to the battery capacity or voltage requirements, and then the electrolyte is stored in the negative electrode wipe press film by immersion In the micropores of the wiping film and the positive electrode wiping film, they are charged and discharged through the gel curing process to form a composite wiping film lithium battery.
  • the specific energy range of the battery can reach 330 ⁇ 350wh/kg and the energy density range It can reach 1000 ⁇ 1500wh/L, the cycle life can reach 1500 times, the cyclic state of charge (SOC) can reach over 85%, and the safety performance is that it will not catch fire or explode when punctured and squeezed.
  • the above solution can reduce the auxiliary materials in the lithium-ion battery, not only reduces the weight and volume, but more importantly, improves the interface stability, and solves the problem of low specific energy, low energy density, low specific power, and power density of lithium-ion batteries. Low, poor safety performance, few cycles, narrow working temperature range, high kWh investment density, and long production cycle.
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features.
  • “plurality” means at least two, for example: two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

Abstract

本发明公开了一种锂电池，包括：绝缘膜；设置于所述绝缘膜之上的至少一个第一电极层；设置于所述第一电极层之上的隔离抹压膜；设置于所述隔离抹压膜之上的至少一个第二电极层；其中，所述绝缘膜与所述第一电极层之间、所述第一电极层与所述隔离抹压膜之间、所述隔离抹压膜与所述第二电极层之间、至少两个所述第一电极层之间以及至少两个所述第二电极层之间，分别采用原子或分子吸附式的无间隙接触；所述隔离抹压膜是采用第一预定粘度的第一浆料涂抹于所述第一电极层之上制备得到的。本发明的锂电池具有高能量密度、高功率密度、长循环寿命。

Description

一种锂电池 技术领域
本发明涉及电学技术领域，尤其涉及一种锂电池。
背景技术
随着移动终端保有量的不断增加，电池作为移动终端的核心部件之一，其需求条件也越来越高。目前，动终端中配置的电池能量普遍偏低，往往需要移动电源(也被称为充电宝)为移动终端的电池进行电能补充。离子电池可持续能量约230wh/kg、能量密度约600wh/L，不能满足高能量密度、高功率密度、长循环寿命的要求。并且电池的性能主要是材料决定的，材料的技术突破难度很大、周期很长，也不利于满足高能量密度、高功率密度、长循环寿命的电池要求。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种锂电池，解决了现有技术中的锂电池不能满足高能量密度、高功率密度、长循环寿命要求的问题。
本发明实施例提供了一种锂电池，包括：
绝缘膜；
设置于所述绝缘膜之上的至少一个第一电极层；
设置于所述第一电极层之上的隔离抹压膜；
设置于所述隔离抹压膜之上的至少一个第二电极层；
其中，所述绝缘膜与所述第一电极层之间、所述第一电极层与所述隔离抹压膜之间、所述隔离抹压膜与所述第二电极层之间、至少两个所述第一电极层之间以及至少两个所述第二电极层之间，分别采用原子或分子吸附式的无间隙接触；所述隔离抹压膜是采用第一预定粘度的第一浆料涂抹于所述第一电极层之上制备得到的。
可选的，所述隔离抹压膜是采用重量固含量范围为5～50％、粘度范围为500～6000cP的第一浆料抹压烘烤制备得到的；所述隔离抹压膜的厚度范围为：3～15um。
可选的，所述第一电极层为所述锂电池的正极和负极中的一个，所述第二电极层为所述正极和所述负极中的另一个。
可选的，所述第一电极层包括：
第一集流体膜；
设置于所述第一集流体膜之上的第一抹压膜；
其中，所述第一抹压膜贴靠所述隔离抹压膜设置；所述第一抹压膜是采用第二预定粘度的第二浆料涂抹于所述第一集流体膜之上制备得到的。
可选的，所述第一集流体膜为导电金属真空沉积镀膜；所述第一集流体膜的厚度范围为：0.5～10μm。
可选的，所述第一抹压膜是采用重量固含量范围为55～90％、粘度范围为：3500～15000cP的第二浆料抹压烘烤制备得到的；所述第一抹压膜的厚度范围为：3～70μm。
可选的，所述第二电极层包括：
第二抹压膜；
设置于所述第二抹压膜之上的第二集流体膜；
其中，所述第二抹压膜是采用第三预定粘度的第三浆料涂抹于所述隔离抹压膜之上制备得到的。
可选的，所述第二集流体膜为导电金属真空沉积镀膜，所述第二集流体膜的厚度范围为：0.5～10μm。
可选的，所述第二抹压膜是采用重量固含量范围为55～90％、粘度范围为：3500～15000cP的第三浆料抹压烘烤制备得到的；所述第二抹压膜的厚度范围为：3～70μm。
本发明的实施例的有益效果是：
上述方案中，隔离抹压膜是采用第一预定粘度的第一浆料涂抹于所述第一电极层之上制备得到的，第一电极层、第二电极层(正、负极层)分别与隔离抹压膜之间采用无间隙的接触方式，大大提高了电池充放电过程中稳定性并大 量减少了中介物质减少了导电内阻，从而解决锂离子电池比能量低、能量密度低、比功率低、功率密度低、安全性能差、循环次数少、工作温度范围窄、千瓦时投资密度大、生产周期长的问题。
附图说明
图1表示本发明实施例的锂电池的示意图之一；
图2表示本发明实施例的锂电池的示意图之二；
图3表示本发明实施例的锂电池的示意图之三。
附图标记说明：
1、绝缘膜；
2、第一电极层；
21、第一集流体膜；
22、第一抹压膜；
3、隔离抹压膜；
4、第二电极层；
41、第二抹压膜；
42、第二集流体膜。
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图更详细地描述本发明的示例性实施例。虽然附图中显示了本发明的示例性实施例，然而应当理解，可以以各种形式实现本发明而不应被这里阐述的实施例所限制。相反，提供这些实施例是为了能够更透彻地理解本发明，并且能够将本发明的范围完整的传达给本领域的技术人员。
如图1和图2所示，本发明的实施例提供了一种锂电池，包括：绝缘膜1、至少一个第一电极层2、隔离抹压膜3和至少一个第二电极层4；
其中，至少一个第一电极层2设置于所述绝缘膜1之上，隔离抹压膜4设置于所述第一电极层2之上，至少一个第二电极层4设置于所述隔离抹压膜3之上；
且所述绝缘膜1与所述第一电极层2之间、所述第一电极层2与所述隔离 抹压膜3之间、所述隔离抹压膜3与所述第二电极层4之间、至少两个所述第一电极层2之间以及至少两个所述第二电极层4之间，分别采用原子或分子吸附式的无间隙接触；所述隔离抹压膜3是采用第一预定粘度的第一浆料涂抹于所述第一电极层2之上制备得到的。
具体的，当第一电极层2的数量为多个时，多个第一电极层2之间叠加设置，且第一电极层2位于绝缘膜1与隔离抹压膜3之间；当第二电极层4的数量为多个时，多个第二电极层4之间叠加设置，且第二电极层4位于隔离抹压膜3之上。
其中，绝缘膜1、第一电极层2、隔离抹压膜3和第二电极层4之间，依次以前者作为后者的基体，通过原子/分子/颗粒的物理吸附气相沉积和/或抹压烘烤方法制备得到；具体的，以绝缘膜1作为基体，通过原子/分子/颗粒的物理吸附气相沉积和抹压烘烤工艺在绝缘膜1上制备得到第一电极层2；再以第一电极层2作为基体，通过抹压烘烤工艺在第一电极层2上制备得到隔离抹压膜3；再以隔离抹压膜3作为基体，通过原子/分子/颗粒的物理吸附气相沉积和抹压烘烤工艺在隔离抹压膜3上制备得到第二电极层4。
该实施例中，隔离抹压膜3是采用第一预定粘度的第一浆料涂抹于所述第一电极层2之上制备得到的，第一电极层2、第二电极层4(正、负极层)分别与隔离抹压膜3之间采用无间隙的接触方式，大大提高了电池充放电过程中稳定性并减少了中介物质和导电内阻，从而解决锂离子电池比能量低、能量密度低、比功率低、功率密度低、安全性能差、循环次数少、工作温度范围窄、千瓦时投资密度大、生产周期长的问题。
可选的，所述隔离抹压膜3是采用重量固含量范围为5～50％、粘度范围为500～6000cP的第一浆料抹压烘烤制备得到的；所述隔离抹压膜的厚度范围为：3～15um。优选的，隔离抹压膜3的材料可以采用高分子材料，如：聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)。
可选的，所述第一电极层2为所述锂电池的正极和负极中的一个，所述第二电极层4为所述正极和所述负极中的另一个。
具体的，当第一电极层2作为锂电池的正极时，则第二电极层4作为锂电池的负极；当第一电极层2作为锂电池的负极时，则第二电极层4作为锂电池 的正极。
如图3，所述第一电极层2包括：第一集流体膜21以及设置于所述第一集流体膜21之上的第一抹压膜22；
其中，所述第一抹压膜22贴靠所述隔离抹压膜3设置；所述第一抹压膜22是采用第二预定粘度的第二浆料涂抹于所述第一集流体膜21之上制备得到的。优选的，可以采用高固含量的正/负极浆料通过抹压烘烤的工艺制备。
可选的，当所述第一电极层2作为锂电池的负极时，所述第一集流体膜21和第一抹压膜22可以采用负极活性物质，如：锂金属(不限于金属)；当所述第一电极层2作为锂电池的正极时，所述第一集流体膜21和第一抹压膜22可以采用活性物质，如：单质硫(不限于单质硫)。
其中，所述第一集流体膜为导电金属真空沉积镀膜，如：锂、铜、铝、镍等导电金属真空物理气相沉积的工艺制备得到，所述第一集流体膜的厚度范围为：0.5～10μm。
所述第一抹压膜是采用重量固含量范围为55～90％、粘度范围为：3500～15000cP的第二浆料抹压烘烤制备得到的；所述第一抹压膜的厚度范围为：3～70μm。
具体的，当第一电极层2的数量为多个时，可以以绝缘膜1作为基体，通过锂、铜、铝、镍等导电金属真空物理气相沉积的工艺，在绝缘膜1上制备得到厚度范围为0.5～10μm的第一集流体膜21，再以该第一集流体膜21作为基体，通过采用重量固含量范围为55～90％、粘度范围为：3500～15000cP的第二浆料抹压烘烤制备得到厚度范围为的3～70μm的第一抹压膜22；进一步地，还可以以该第一抹压膜22作为基体，通过锂、铜、铝、镍等导电金属真空物理气相沉积的工艺，在该第一抹压膜22上制备得到厚度范围为0.5～10μm的第一集流体膜21，并以该第一集流体膜21作为基体，通过采用重量固含量范围为55～90％、粘度范围为：3500～15000cP的第二浆料抹压烘烤制备得到厚度范围为的3～70μm的第一抹压膜22；以此类推，可以制备预定数量的第一电极层2。
如图3，所述第二电极层4包括：第二抹压膜41以及设置于所述第二抹压膜41之上的第二集流体膜42；
其中，所述第二抹压膜41是采用第三预定粘度的第三浆料涂抹于所述隔离抹压膜3或所述第二集流体膜42之上制备得到的。优选的，可以采用高固含量的正/负极浆料通过抹压烘烤的工艺制备。
可选的，当所述第二电极层4作为锂电池的负极时，所述第二集流体膜42和第二抹压膜41可以采用负极活性物质，如：锂金属(不限于金属)；当所述第二电极层4作为锂电池的正极时，所述第二集流体膜42和第二抹压膜41可以采用活性物质，如：单质硫(不限于单质硫)。
其中，所述第二集流体膜42为导电金属真空沉积镀膜，如：锂、铜、铝、镍等导电金属真空物理气相沉积的工艺制备得到，所述第二集流体膜42的厚度范围为：0.5～10μm。
其中，所述第二抹压膜41是采用重量固含量范围为55～90％、粘度范围为：3500～15000cP的第三浆料抹压烘烤制备得到的；所述第二抹压膜41的厚度范围为：3～70μm。
具体的，当第二电极层4的数量为多个时，可以先以隔离抹压膜3作为基体，通过采用重量固含量范围为55～90％、粘度范围为：3500～15000cP的第三浆料抹压烘烤制备得到厚度范围为的3～70μm的第二抹压膜41，再以第二抹压膜41作为基体，通过锂、铜、铝、镍等导电金属真空物理气相沉积的工艺，在第二抹压膜41上制备得到厚度范围为0.5～10μm的第二集流体膜42；进一步地，还可以以该第二集流体膜42作为基体，通过采用重量固含量范围为55～90％、粘度范围为：3500～15000cP的第三浆料抹压烘烤制备得到厚度范围为的3～70μm的第二抹压膜41；再以该第二抹压膜41作为基体，通过锂、铜、铝、镍等导电金属真空物理气相沉积的工艺，在该第二抹压膜41上制备得到厚度范围为0.5～10μm的第二集流体膜42，以此类推，可以制备预定数量的第二电极层4。
以下针对该锂电池的制备方法进行具体说明：
首先，采用聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)膜作为绝缘膜；
再以该绝缘膜作为基体，采用纯铜(Cu)真空蒸镀的方式制备得到厚度为2～10um的负极集流体膜，以及以负极集流体膜作为基体，采用重量固含量55～90％、粘度3500～15000cP的360mAh/g人造石墨浆料抹压烘烤的方式 制备得到厚度为5～35um负极抹压膜；
再以负极抹压膜为基体，采用重量固含量5～20％、粘度500～1500cPPVDF浆料抹压烘烤的方式制备得到厚度为3～15um的隔离抹压膜；
再以隔离抹压膜为基体，采用重量固含量55～90％、粘度3500～15000cP的163mAh/g NCM622浆料抹压烘烤制的方式制备厚度为5～35um的正极抹压膜，以及以正极抹压膜为基体，采用纯铝(Al)真空蒸镀的方式制备得到厚度为2～10um正极集流体膜。
这样，绝缘膜和负极集流体膜之间、负极集流体膜和负极抹压膜之间、负极抹压膜和隔离抹压膜之间、隔离抹压膜和正极抹压膜之间、正极抹压膜和正极集流体膜之间，分别是原子或分子的吸附式无间隙接触。
进一步，复合抹压膜(包括负极抹压膜、隔离抹压膜和正极抹压膜)，可以根据电池容量或电压需要进行折叠成型，再通过浸泡方法将电解液储存在负极抹压膜、隔离抹压膜、正极抹压膜的微孔之中，再通过凝胶固化工艺后进行充放电化成制成复合抹压膜锂电池，该电池比能量范围可达330～350wh/kg、能量密度范围可达1000～1500wh/L，循环寿命可达1500次，循环荷电状态(State of Charge，SOC)达到85％以上，安全性能穿刺挤压不着火、不爆炸。
上述方案，可以减少锂离子电池中的辅助材料，不仅减轻了重量和体积占用，更重要的是提高了界面稳定性，解决了锂离子电池比能量低、能量密度低、比功率低、功率密度低、安全性能差、循环次数少、工作温度范围窄、千瓦时投资密度大、生产周期长的问题。
在本发明的描述中，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本发明的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如：两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
以上所述的是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出对于本技术领域的普通人员来说，在不脱离本发明所述的原理前提下还可以作出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种锂电池，其特征在于，包括：
    绝缘膜；
    设置于所述绝缘膜之上的至少一个第一电极层；
    设置于所述第一电极层之上的隔离抹压膜；
    设置于所述隔离抹压膜之上的至少一个第二电极层；
    其中，所述绝缘膜与所述第一电极层之间、所述第一电极层与所述隔离抹压膜之间、所述隔离抹压膜与所述第二电极层之间、至少两个所述第一电极层之间以及至少两个所述第二电极层之间，分别采用原子或分子吸附式的无间隙接触；所述隔离抹压膜是采用第一预定粘度的第一浆料涂抹于所述第一电极层之上制备得到的。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的锂电池，其特征在于，所述隔离抹压膜是采用重量固含量范围为5～50％、粘度范围为500～6000cP的第一浆料抹压烘烤制备得到的；所述隔离抹压膜的厚度范围为：3～15um。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的锂电池，其特征在于，所述第一电极层为所述锂电池的正极和负极中的一个，所述第二电极层为所述正极和所述负极中的另一个。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的锂电池，其特征在于，所述第一电极层包括：
    第一集流体膜；
    设置于所述第一集流体膜之上的第一抹压膜；
    其中，所述第一抹压膜贴靠所述隔离抹压膜设置；所述第一抹压膜是采用第二预定粘度的第二浆料涂抹于所述第一集流体膜之上制备得到的。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的锂电池，其特征在于，所述第一集流体膜为导电金属真空沉积镀膜；所述第一集流体膜的厚度范围为：0.5～10μm。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的锂电池，其特征在于，所述第一抹压膜是采用重量固含量范围为55～90％、粘度范围为：3500～15000cP的第二浆料抹压烘烤制备得到的；所述第一抹压膜的厚度范围为：3～70μm。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的锂电池，其特征在于，所述第二电极层包括：
    第二抹压膜；
    设置于所述第二抹压膜之上的第二集流体膜；
    其中，所述第二抹压膜是采用第三预定粘度的第三浆料涂抹于所述隔离抹压膜之上制备得到的。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的锂电池，其特征在于，所述第二集流体膜为导电金属真空沉积镀膜，所述第二集流体膜的厚度范围为：0.5～10μm。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的锂电池，其特征在于，所述第二抹压膜是采用重量固含量范围为55～90％、粘度范围为：3500～15000cP的第三浆料抹压烘烤制备得到的；所述第二抹压膜的厚度范围为：3～70μm。
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