WO2021000432A1 - 相变储热橡胶、制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents

相变储热橡胶、制备方法及其应用 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021000432A1
WO2021000432A1 PCT/CN2019/107370 CN2019107370W WO2021000432A1 WO 2021000432 A1 WO2021000432 A1 WO 2021000432A1 CN 2019107370 W CN2019107370 W CN 2019107370W WO 2021000432 A1 WO2021000432 A1 WO 2021000432A1
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phase change
powder
heat storage
parts
rubber
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PCT/CN2019/107370
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English (en)
French (fr)
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张立强
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张立强
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Publication of WO2021000432A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021000432A1/zh
Priority to US17/536,172 priority Critical patent/US20220081601A1/en

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/06—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice versa
    • C09K5/063—Materials absorbing or liberating heat during crystallisation; Heat storage materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K13/00—Use of mixtures of ingredients not covered by one single of the preceding main groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C08K13/04—Ingredients characterised by their shape and organic or inorganic ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/22—Expanded, porous or hollow particles
    • C08K7/24—Expanded, porous or hollow particles inorganic
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L11/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of chloroprene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L21/00—Compositions of unspecified rubbers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
    • C08L23/0807—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons only containing more than three carbon atoms
    • C08L23/0815—Copolymers of ethene with aliphatic 1-olefins
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/16—Elastomeric ethene-propene or ethene-propene-diene copolymers, e.g. EPR and EPDM rubbers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L83/00—Compositions of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon only; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L83/04—Polysiloxanes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/14—Arrangements or processes for adjusting or protecting hybrid or EDL capacitors
    • H01G11/18—Arrangements or processes for adjusting or protecting hybrid or EDL capacitors against thermal overloads, e.g. heating, cooling or ventilating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/78—Cases; Housings; Encapsulations; Mountings
    • H01G11/82—Fixing or assembling a capacitive element in a housing, e.g. mounting electrodes, current collectors or terminals in containers or encapsulations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G2/00—Details of capacitors not covered by a single one of groups H01G4/00-H01G11/00
    • H01G2/08—Cooling arrangements; Heating arrangements; Ventilating arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/659—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by heat storage or buffering, e.g. heat capacity or liquid-solid phase changes or transition
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
    • C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/38—Boron-containing compounds
    • C08K2003/382—Boron-containing compounds and nitrogen
    • C08K2003/385—Binary compounds of nitrogen with boron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/001—Conductive additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
    • C08K3/016—Flame-proofing or flame-retarding additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
    • C08K3/36—Silica
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
    • C08K5/0066—Flame-proofing or flame-retarding additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/22—Expanded, porous or hollow particles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2203/00—Applications
    • C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L7/00—Compositions of natural rubber
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
    • C08L9/02—Copolymers with acrylonitrile
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/10—Multiple hybrid or EDL capacitors, e.g. arrays or modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/84—Processes for the manufacture of hybrid or EDL capacitors, or components thereof
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of heat storage rubber and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a phase change heat storage rubber, a preparation method and application thereof.
  • a large-capacity lithium battery pack is composed of many lithium battery cells connected in series and parallel.
  • the lithium battery pack generates a large amount of heat energy during charging and discharging. How to conduct this heat energy to the rubber casing as soon as possible to make Lithium batteries quickly lower the temperature;
  • capacitors are prone to produce a large amount of work for a long time.
  • phase change materials are added to rubber.
  • the phase change materials will leak liquid at high temperatures, and the phase change materials will be released from the matrix. On the one hand, it will cause subsequent mixing and stirring molding. The difficulty increases. On the other hand, after the phase change material is released, the performance of the phase change heat storage rubber will be greatly reduced, which will affect its heat storage performance.
  • One of the objectives of the present invention is to provide a phase change heat storage rubber to solve the shortcomings of the prior art.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above-mentioned phase change heat storage rubber.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an application of the above phase change heat storage rubber.
  • the phase change heat storage rubber includes the following components in parts by weight, 20-60 parts of rubber and 10 to 68 parts of modified phase-change powder.
  • the preparation method of the modified phase-change powder is as follows: Heat and melt, then add modifier to the melted phase change powder, the weight ratio of the addition is 2%-40% of the phase change powder, the powder is kept in a water bath or oil bath after mixing, and then vibrated with a vibrating screen , Then use oil-absorbing paper to absorb oil, and then use a ball mill or sand mill to grind the powder to obtain the modified phase change powder.
  • the rubber is selected from any one or a combination of NBR, EPDM, silicone rubber, NR and CR.
  • the phase change powder is selected from any one or a combination of alkane wax, fatty acid, PE wax and polyethylene glycol.
  • the modifier is selected from any one or a combination of several of expanded graphite, nano silica powder and hollow microsphere powder.
  • a flame retardant is further included, and the flame retardant is selected from any one or a combination of a phosphorus flame retardant, a nitrogen flame retardant, and aluminum hydroxide.
  • thermally conductive powder which is selected from any one or a combination of aluminum oxide, boron nitride, aluminum nitride, and graphite.
  • it also includes 1-20 parts of graphite, carbon nanotubes and/or graphene.
  • the alkane carbon number of the alkane wax is between 10-60.
  • the preparation method of phase change heat storage rubber includes the following steps. Weigh each component according to the formula,
  • Step 1 Mixing and banburying: Mix rubber and modified phase change powder for 0.5 ⁇ 3h;
  • Step 2 Extrusion or compression molding to obtain phase change heat storage rubber.
  • phase change heat storage rubber can be used in batteries and capacitors.
  • the phase change heat storage rubber of the present invention Compared with the prior art, the phase change heat storage rubber of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the phase change heat storage rubber of the present invention contains an appropriate amount of modified phase change powder, the phase change enthalpy reaches 15-200 J/g, and the specific heat capacity Exceeding 2.0J/g ⁇ K, it meets the needs of batteries and capacitors for heat absorption and heat storage performance.
  • Modified phase change powder has the function of heat absorption and energy storage. Due to the large phase change enthalpy value and slow heating, rubber can be used. Absorb more heat, quickly transfer the heat generated by the heating point in the battery and capacitor to the phase change heat storage rubber, so that the heating point cools faster, which can solve the technical problem of heating in the battery and capacitor field; phase change The powder is modified by a modifier.
  • the modifier is a powder with a large specific surface area and micropores. After mixing with it, the specific surface area is increased.
  • the powder contains a large number of micropores, and the phase change powder enters the micropores. It is firmly locked so that it will not dissociate from the micropores under high temperature conditions, which solves the problem of phase change heat storage rubber oiling, and not only improves the operability of the subsequent molding process, but more importantly, It can greatly ensure that its heat storage performance is stable for a long time under high temperature conditions. Compared with similar products, its heat storage stability and continuity are 4-5 times that of similar products on the market. The thermal performance does not decrease by more than 2-3%.
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 20 parts of NBR rubber and 10 parts of modified phase change powder;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: heating and melting the paraffin, and then adding expanded graphite to the molten paraffin at a weight ratio of 2% of the paraffin. After mixing, the powder is kept in a water bath or an oil bath. Then vibrate with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, then absorb oil with oil-absorbing paper, and then grind the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder.
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 70 parts of NBR rubber and 10 parts of modified phase change powder;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: heating and melting the 60-carbon alkane wax, and then adding nano-silica powder to the molten 60-carbon alkane wax, and the addition weight ratio is the 60-carbon alkane wax 40%, after mixing, the powder is kept warm in a water bath or an oil bath, and then vibrated with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, followed by oil absorption with oil-absorbing paper, and then grinding the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder .
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 40 parts of NBR rubber and 50 parts of modified phase change powder;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: the fatty acid is heated and melted, and then hollow microsphere powder is added to the melted fatty acid at a weight ratio of 20% of the fatty acid. After mixing, the powder is placed in a water bath or an oil bath. In medium heat preservation, vibrate with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, and then absorb oil with oil-absorbing paper, and then grind the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder.
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 60 parts of EPDM rubber and 50 parts of modified phase change powder;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: heat and melt the PE wax, and then add nano-silica powder to the melted PE wax, the addition amount is 10% by weight of the PE wax, and the powder is placed in a water bath after mixing. Or heat preservation in an oil bath, then vibrate with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, then absorb oil with oil-absorbing paper, and then grind the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder.
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 40 parts of silicone rubber and 30 parts of modified phase change powder;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: the polyethylene glycol is heated and melted, and then expanded graphite is added to the melted polyethylene glycol. The added amount is 5% by weight of the polyethylene glycol. The body is kept warm in a water bath or an oil bath, and then vibrated with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, then oil is absorbed with oil-absorbing paper, and then the powder is ground with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder.
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 40 parts of silicone rubber, 30 parts of modified phase change powder, and 10 parts of nitrogen-based flame retardant;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: heating and melting the paraffin, and then adding nano-silica powder to the molten paraffin, the addition amount is 12% by weight of the paraffin, and the powder is placed in a water bath or an oil bath after mixing. In medium heat preservation, vibrate with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, and then absorb oil with oil-absorbing paper, and then grind the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder.
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 40 parts of silicone rubber, 20 parts of modified phase change powder, and 10 parts of nitrogen-based flame retardant;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: heating and melting the 10 carbon atom alkane wax, and then adding hollow microsphere powder to the molten 10 carbon atom alkane wax, and the addition amount is the weight ratio of the 10 carbon atom alkane wax 40%, after mixing, the powder is kept warm in a water bath or an oil bath, and then vibrated with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, followed by oil absorption with oil-absorbing paper, and then grinding the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder .
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 40 parts of silicone rubber, 30 parts of modified phase change powder, and 10 parts of nitrogen-based flame retardant;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: the fatty acid is heated and melted, and then nano-silica powder is added to the melted fatty acid at a weight ratio of 16% of the fatty acid. After mixing, the powder is placed in a water bath or an oil bath. In medium heat preservation, vibrate with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, and then absorb oil with oil-absorbing paper, and then grind the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder.
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 30 parts of NR rubber, 20 parts of modified phase change powder, and 20 parts of phosphorus flame retardant;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: heating and melting the paraffin, and then adding nano-silica powder to the molten paraffin, the addition amount is 22% by weight of the paraffin, and the powder is placed in a water bath or an oil bath after mixing. In medium heat preservation, vibrate with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, and then absorb oil with oil-absorbing paper, and then grind the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder.
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 30 parts of NR rubber, 20 parts of modified phase change powder, and 20 parts of phosphorus flame retardant;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: heating and melting the 60-carbon alkane wax, and then adding the hollow microsphere powder to the molten 60-carbon alkane wax, and the addition weight ratio is the 60-carbon alkane wax 6%, after mixing, the powder is kept warm in a water bath or an oil bath, and then vibrated with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, followed by oil absorption with oil-absorbing paper, and then grinding the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder .
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 30 parts of NR rubber, 20 parts of modified phase change powder, and 20 parts of phosphorus flame retardant;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: the fatty acid is heated and melted, and then nano-silica powder is added to the melted fatty acid at a weight ratio of 40% of the fatty acid. After mixing, the powder is placed in a water bath or an oil bath. In medium heat preservation, vibrate with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, and then absorb oil with oil-absorbing paper, and then grind the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder.
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components in parts by weight: NR rubber 38, modified phase change powder 25 parts, and aluminum hydroxide 18 parts;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: heat and melt the PE wax, and then add nano-expanded graphite to the melted PE wax, the addition amount is 30% by weight of the PE wax, and the powder is placed in a water bath or oil after mixing. Keep warm in the bath, then vibrate with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, then absorb oil with oil-absorbing paper, and then grind the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder.
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 25 parts of NBR rubber, 12 parts of modified phase change powder, 12 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 4 parts of graphite;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: heat and melt the paraffin, then add nano-silica powder to the melted paraffin, the addition amount is 28% by weight of the paraffin, and the powder is placed in a water bath or an oil bath after mixing In medium heat preservation, vibrate with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, and then absorb oil with oil-absorbing paper, and then grind the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder.
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 25 parts of NBR rubber, 12 parts of modified phase change powder, 12 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 4 parts of graphite;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: heating and melting the 30-carbon alkane wax, and then adding nano-silica powder to the melted 30-carbon alkane wax, and the addition weight ratio is 30-carbon alkane wax. 38%, after mixing, the powder is kept warm in a water bath or an oil bath, and then vibrated with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, followed by oil absorption with oil-absorbing paper, and then grinding the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder .
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 25 parts of NBR rubber, 12 parts of modified phase change powder, 12 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 4 parts of graphite;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: the fatty acid is heated and melted, and then nano-silica powder is added to the melted fatty acid at a weight ratio of 18% of the fatty acid. After mixing, the powder is placed in a water bath or an oil bath. In medium heat preservation, vibrate with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, and then absorb oil with oil-absorbing paper, and then grind the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder.
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 35 parts of NBR rubber, 15 parts of modified phase change powder, 15 parts of aluminum hydroxide, and 8 parts of boron nitride;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: heating and melting the paraffin, and then adding expanded graphite to the molten paraffin, the addition amount is 8% by weight of the paraffin, and the powder is kept in a water bath or an oil bath after mixing. Then vibrate with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, then absorb oil with oil-absorbing paper, and then grind the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder.
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 35 parts of NBR rubber, 15 parts of modified phase change powder, 15 parts of aluminum hydroxide, and 8 parts of boron nitride;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: heating and melting the 20-carbon alkane wax, and then adding hollow microsphere powder to the molten 20-carbon alkane wax, and the addition amount is the 20-carbon alkane wax. 18%, after mixing, the powder is kept warm in a water bath or an oil bath, and then vibrated with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, followed by oil absorption with oil-absorbing paper, and then grinding the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder .
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 35 parts of NBR rubber, 15 parts of modified phase change powder, 15 parts of aluminum hydroxide, and 8 parts of boron nitride;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: the fatty acid is heated and melted, and then nano-silica powder is added to the melted fatty acid at a weight ratio of 30% of the fatty acid. After mixing, the powder is placed in a water bath or an oil bath. In medium heat preservation, vibrate with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, and then absorb oil with oil-absorbing paper, and then grind the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder.
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of silicone rubber, 30 parts of modified phase change powder, 10 parts of phosphorus flame retardant, 18 parts of carbon nanotubes;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: heat and melt the paraffin, and then add hollow microsphere powder to the melted paraffin. The added amount is 28% by weight of the paraffin. After mixing, the powder is placed in a water bath or an oil bath. In medium heat preservation, vibrate with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, and then absorb oil with oil-absorbing paper, and then grind the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder.
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of silicone rubber, 30 parts of modified phase change powder, 10 parts of phosphorus flame retardant, 18 parts of carbon nanotubes;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: heating and melting the 20-carbon alkane wax, and then adding nano-silica powder to the molten 20-carbon alkane wax, and the addition weight ratio is the 20-carbon alkane wax 36%, after mixing, the powder is kept warm in a water bath or an oil bath, and then vibrated with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, followed by oil absorption with oil-absorbing paper, and then grinding the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder .
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of silicone rubber, 30 parts of modified phase change powder, 10 parts of phosphorus flame retardant, 18 parts of carbon nanotubes;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: heating and melting the fatty acid, and then adding expanded graphite to the melted fatty acid at a weight ratio of 12% of the fatty acid. After mixing, the powder is kept in a water bath or an oil bath. Then vibrate with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, then absorb oil with oil-absorbing paper, and then grind the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder.
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 55 parts of silicone rubber, 33 parts of modified phase change powder, 15 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 8 parts of boron nitride;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: heat and melt the paraffin, and then add hollow microsphere powder to the melted paraffin. The addition amount is 35% by weight of the paraffin. After mixing, the powder is placed in a water bath or an oil bath. In medium heat preservation, vibrate with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, and then absorb oil with oil-absorbing paper, and then grind the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder.
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 55 parts of silicone rubber, 33 parts of modified phase change powder, 15 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 8 parts of boron nitride;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: heating and melting the 20-carbon alkane wax, and then adding nano-silica powder to the molten 20-carbon alkane wax, and the addition weight ratio is the 20-carbon alkane wax 16%, after mixing, the powder is kept in a water bath or an oil bath, and then vibrated with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, followed by absorption of oil with oil-absorbing paper, and then grinding the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder .
  • the phase change heat storage rubber includes the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts of silicone rubber, 33 parts of modified phase change powder, 15 parts of aluminum hydroxide, and 8 parts of boron nitride.
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: heating and melting the fatty acid, and then adding expanded graphite to the melted fatty acid at a weight ratio of 5% of the fatty acid. After mixing, the powder is kept in a water bath or an oil bath. Then vibrate with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, then absorb oil with oil-absorbing paper, and then grind the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder.
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 25 parts of EPDM rubber, 12 parts of modified phase change powder, 12 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 4 parts of graphite;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: heat and melt the paraffin, then add hollow microsphere powder to the melted paraffin, the added amount is 25% by weight of the paraffin, and the powder is placed in a water bath or an oil bath after mixing In medium heat preservation, vibrate with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, and then absorb oil with oil-absorbing paper, and then grind the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder.
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 25 parts of EPDM rubber, 12 parts of modified phase change powder, 12 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 4 parts of graphite;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: heating and melting the 20-carbon alkane wax, and then adding nano-silica powder to the molten 20-carbon alkane wax, and the addition weight ratio is the 20-carbon alkane wax 8%, after mixing, the powder is kept warm in a water bath or an oil bath, and then vibrated with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, followed by oil absorption with oil-absorbing paper, and then grinding the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder .
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 25 parts of EPDM rubber, 12 parts of modified phase change powder, 12 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 4 parts of graphite;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: heating and melting the fatty acid, and then adding expanded graphite to the melted fatty acid at a weight ratio of 15% of the fatty acid. After mixing, the powder is kept in a water bath or an oil bath. Then vibrate with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, then absorb oil with oil-absorbing paper, and then grind the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder.
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 60 parts of EPDM rubber, 40 parts of modified phase change powder, 30 parts of aluminum hydroxide, and 20 parts of alumina;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: heat and melt the paraffin, and then add hollow microsphere powder to the melted paraffin. The addition amount is 22% by weight of the paraffin. After mixing, the powder is placed in a water bath or an oil bath. In medium heat preservation, vibrate with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, and then absorb oil with oil-absorbing paper, and then grind the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder.
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 60 parts of EPDM rubber, 40 parts of modified phase change powder, 30 parts of aluminum hydroxide, and 20 parts of alumina;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: heating and melting the 20-carbon alkane wax, and then adding nano-silica powder to the molten 20-carbon alkane wax, and the addition weight ratio is the 20-carbon alkane wax 8%, after mixing, the powder is kept warm in a water bath or an oil bath, and then vibrated with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, followed by oil absorption with oil-absorbing paper, and then grinding the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder .
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 60 parts of EPDM rubber, 40 parts of modified phase change powder, 30 parts of aluminum hydroxide, and 20 parts of alumina;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: heating and melting the fatty acid, and then adding expanded graphite to the melted fatty acid at a weight ratio of 6% of the fatty acid. After mixing, the powder is kept in a water bath or an oil bath. Then vibrate with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, then absorb oil with oil-absorbing paper, and then grind the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder.
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 50 parts of NR rubber, 30 parts of modified phase change powder, 20 parts of aluminum hydroxide, and 10 parts of alumina;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: heat and melt the PE wax, and then add nano-silica powder to the melted PE wax, the addition amount is 10% by weight of the PE wax, and the powder is placed in a water bath after mixing. Or heat preservation in an oil bath, then vibrate with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, then absorb oil with oil-absorbing paper, and then grind the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder.
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 40 parts of NR rubber, 20 parts of modified phase change powder, 20 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 15 parts of carbon nanotubes;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: the polyethylene glycol is heated and melted, and then nano expanded graphite is added to the molten polyethylene glycol, and the addition weight ratio is 16% of the polyethylene glycol.
  • the powder is kept warm in a water bath or an oil bath, and then vibrated with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, followed by oil absorption with oil-absorbing paper, and then grinding the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder.
  • Phase change heat storage rubber including the following components by weight: 55 parts of CR rubber, 45 parts of polyethylene glycol, 22 parts of aluminum hydroxide, 15 parts of graphite;
  • the preparation method of the modified phase change powder is as follows: the polyethylene glycol is heated and melted, and then nano expanded graphite is added to the molten polyethylene glycol, and the addition weight ratio is 36% of the polyethylene glycol.
  • the powder is kept warm in a water bath or an oil bath, and then vibrated with a vibrating screen for more than 4 hours, followed by oil absorption with oil-absorbing paper, and then grinding the powder with a ball mill or a sand mill to obtain the modified phase change powder.
  • the preparation method of phase change heat storage rubber includes the following steps. Weigh each component according to the formula,
  • Step 1 Mixing and banburying: Mix rubber and modified phase change powder for 0.5 ⁇ 3h;
  • Step 2 Extrusion or compression molding to obtain phase change heat storage rubber.
  • phase change heat storage rubber described in Examples 1-33.
  • the phase change heat storage rubber can be used in batteries and capacitors.
  • phase change heat storage rubber described in Examples 1-12 to the battery field has been tested for performance.
  • the test results of various indicators are shown in Table 1.
  • the test performance at the same ambient temperature is as follows (0.1mm):
  • phase-change heat storage rubber of Examples 1-10 was applied to the battery cell, and the non-phase-change rubber was applied to the battery core.
  • the discharge time was 1500mAH at 30A and the discharge time was about 90min.
  • the test results are shown in 3:
  • phase change material can significantly reduce the temperature of the battery cell during operation, and the average temperature drop can reach about 13°C;
  • phase change enthalpy (J/g) of the phase change heat storage rubber of the present invention is about 15 to 200, and the endothermic value is high; the phase change temperature (°C) is 28 to 85; the specific heat capacity (J/g) /(g ⁇ K)) ⁇ 2.0; the specific gravity (g/cc) reaches 0.9 ⁇ 1.6, and when the addition amount of modified phase change powder increases, the specific heat capacity and phase change enthalpy also increase, with higher
  • the phase change enthalpy and the greater specific heat capacity, the heat absorption and heat storage performance are also more excellent, which can explain that the combined application of the modified phase change powder makes the rubber have surprising endothermic enthalpy and specific heat capacity, and Other performance indicators have also been enhanced, with unexpected enhancement effects.

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Abstract

相变储热橡胶，包括以下重量份的各组份：橡胶20～70份和改性相变粉体10～68份，含有适量的改性相变粉体，因而具备了优异的吸热和储热性能，相变焓达到15-200J/g，比热容超过了2.0J/g·K，满足了电池和电容对吸热和储热性能的需求，改性相变粉体具有吸热储能功能，由于相变焓值大，升温慢，橡胶就可以吸收更多的热量，相变粉体经过改性剂改性，改性剂是大比表面积、含有微孔的粉体，与其混合之后，增加了比表面积，粉体含有大量的微孔，相变粉体进入微孔内被牢固地锁住，使其在高温条件下，不会从微孔中游离出来，其储热的稳定性和持续性是市场上同类产品的4-5倍，即便长时间使用，储热性能下降不超过2-3％。

Description

相变储热橡胶、制备方法及其应用 技术领域
本发明涉及储热橡胶及其制备方法技术领域，尤其涉及相变储热橡胶、制备方法及其应用。
背景技术
随着电子产品的小型化和轻量化，就要求其大大提高集成度，集成度越高，散热问题也愈发严重。所以，为了防止具备热量积聚形成热点，就需要迅速将热点的热量转移或者存储起来，由于产品小型化之后，内部空间愈发狭小，通常采用导热材料把热量转移的橡胶外壳，而目前的橡胶外壳不具备储热功能，很快就达到热量饱和，无法实现热量的持续转移和存储；
比如，大容量的锂电池组由众多经串并联组合连接在一起的锂电池单体构成，锂电池组在充电放电过程中会产生大量的热能，如何把这些热能尽快的传导到橡胶外壳，使锂电池迅速降低温度；
同样，电容长时间工作容易产生大量，电容越多，发热越厉害，如何把这些热能尽快的传导到橡胶外壳，也是行业中亟需解决点难题。
为了解决上述问题，现有技术中在橡胶中加入相变材料，然而，相变材料在高温下会发生漏液现象，相变材料从基体中游离出来，一方面会导致后续的混合搅拌成型的难度提高，另一方面，相变材料游离出来后，会使得相变储热橡胶的性能大幅度下降，影响其储热性能。
因此，急需提供一种相变储热橡胶、制备方法以及应用，以解决现有技术的不足。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一是提供一种相变储热橡胶，以解决现有技术的不足。
本发明的另一目的在于提供上述相变储热橡胶的制备方法。
本发明的又一目的在于提供上述相变储热橡胶的应用。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用如下的技术方案：
相变储热橡胶，包括以下重量份的各组份，橡胶20～60份和改性相变粉体10～68份,所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将相变粉体加热熔化，然后在熔化的相变粉体中添加改性剂，添加量重量比为相变粉体的2％～40％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
优选地，所述橡胶选自NBR、EPDM、硅橡胶、NR和CR中的任意一种或者几种的组合。
优选地，所述相变粉体选自烷烃蜡、脂肪酸、PE蜡和聚乙二醇中的任意一种或者几种的组合。
优选地，所述改性剂选自膨胀石墨、纳米二氧化硅微粉和中空微球粉体中的任意一种或者几种的组合。
优选地，还包括阻燃剂10～50份,所述阻燃剂选自磷系阻燃剂、氮系阻燃剂和氢氧化铝中的任意一种或者几种的组合。
优选地，还包括导热粉体1～20份，所述导热粉体选自氧化铝、氮化硼和氮化铝、石墨中的任意一种或者几种的组合。
优选地，还包括石墨、碳纳米管和/或石墨烯1～20份。
优选地，所述烷烃蜡的烷烃碳原子数介于10-60之间。
相变储热橡胶的制备方法，包括以下步骤，按照配方称取各组份，
步骤1、混合密炼：将橡胶和改性相变粉体混合密炼0.5～3h；
步骤2、挤出或模压成型获得相变储热橡胶。
相变储热橡胶的应用，所述的相变储热橡胶可以用于电池和电容。
与现有技术相比，本发明的相变储热橡胶具有以下有益效果：本发明的相变储热橡胶，含有适量的改性相变粉体，相变焓达到15-200J/g，比热容超过了2.0J/g·K，满足了电池和电容对吸热和储热性能的需求，改性相变粉体具有吸热储能功能，由于相变焓值大，升温慢，橡胶就可以吸收更多的热量，把电池和电容中的发热点产生的热量迅速转移到相变储热橡胶内，使得发热点降温更快，可以很好地解决电池和电容领域发热的技术难题；相变粉体经过改性剂改性，改性剂是大比表面积、含有微孔的粉体，与其混合之后，增加了比表面积，粉体含有大量的微孔，相变粉体进入微孔内被牢固地锁住，使其在高温条件下，不会从微孔中游离出来，解决了相变储热橡胶出油的问题，不仅仅提高了后面成型工艺的可操作性，更重要的是，可以大大保证其在高温条件下，长时间保持储热性能的稳定，与同类产品相变，其储热的稳定性和持续性是市场上同类产品的4-5倍，即便长时间使用，储热性能下降不超过2-3％。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的说明，这是本发明的较佳实施例。
实施例1
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：NBR橡胶20份和改性相变粉体10份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将石蜡加热熔化，然后在熔化的石蜡中添加膨胀石墨，添加量重量比为石蜡的2％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温， 然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例2
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：NBR橡胶70份和改性相变粉体10份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将60碳原子烷烃蜡加热熔化，然后在熔化的60碳原子烷烃蜡中添加纳米二氧化硅微粉，添加量重量比为60碳原子烷烃蜡的40％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例3
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：NBR橡胶40份和改性相变粉体50份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将脂肪酸加热熔化，然后在熔化的脂肪酸中添加中空微球粉体，添加量重量比为脂肪酸的20％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例4
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：EPDM橡胶60份和改性相变粉体50份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将PE蜡加热熔化，然后在熔化的PE 蜡中添加纳米二氧化硅微粉，添加量重量比为PE蜡的10％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例5
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：硅橡胶40份和改性相变粉体30份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将聚乙二醇加热熔化，然后在熔化的聚乙二醇中添加膨胀石墨，添加量重量比为聚乙二醇的5％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例6
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：硅橡胶40份、改性相变粉体30份，氮系阻燃剂10份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将石蜡加热熔化，然后在熔化的石蜡中添加纳米二氧化硅微粉，添加量重量比为石蜡的12％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例7
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：硅橡胶40份、改性相变粉体20份，氮系阻燃剂10份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将10碳原子烷烃蜡加热熔化，然后在熔化的10碳原子烷烃蜡中添加中空微球粉体，添加量重量比为10碳原子烷烃蜡的40％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例8
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：硅橡胶40份、改性相变粉体30份，氮系阻燃剂10份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将脂肪酸加热熔化，然后在熔化的脂肪酸中添加纳米二氧化硅微粉，添加量重量比为脂肪酸的16％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例9
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：NR橡胶30份、改性相变粉体20份，磷系阻燃剂20份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将石蜡加热熔化，然后在熔化的石蜡中添加纳米二氧化硅微粉，添加量重量比为石蜡的22％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例10
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：NR橡胶30份、改性相变粉体 20份，磷系阻燃剂20份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将60碳原子烷烃蜡加热熔化，然后在熔化的60碳原子烷烃蜡中添加中空微球粉体，添加量重量比为60碳原子烷烃蜡的6％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例11
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：NR橡胶30、改性相变粉体20份，磷系阻燃剂20份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将脂肪酸加热熔化，然后在熔化的脂肪酸中添加纳米二氧化硅微粉，添加量重量比为脂肪酸的40％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例12
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：NR橡胶38、改性相变粉体25份，氢氧化铝18份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将PE蜡加热熔化，然后在熔化的PE蜡中添加纳米膨胀石墨，添加量重量比为PE蜡的30％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例13
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：NBR橡胶25份、改性相变粉体12份，氢氧化铝12份，石墨4份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将石蜡加热熔化，然后在熔化的石蜡中添加纳米二氧化硅微粉，添加量重量比为石蜡的28％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例14
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：NBR橡胶25份、改性相变粉体12份，氢氧化铝12份，石墨4份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将30碳原子烷烃蜡加热熔化，然后在熔化的30碳原子烷烃蜡中添加纳米二氧化硅微粉，添加量重量比为30碳原子烷烃蜡的38％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例15
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：NBR橡胶25份、改性相变粉体12份，氢氧化铝12份，石墨4份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将脂肪酸加热熔化，然后在熔化的脂肪酸中添加纳米二氧化硅微粉，添加量重量比为脂肪酸的18％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例16
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：NBR橡胶35份、改性相变粉体15份，氢氧化铝15份，氮化硼8份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将石蜡加热熔化，然后在熔化的石蜡中添加膨胀石墨，添加量重量比为石蜡的8％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例17
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：NBR橡胶35份、改性相变粉体15份，氢氧化铝15份，氮化硼8份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将20碳原子烷烃蜡加热熔化，然后在熔化的20碳原子烷烃蜡中添加中空微球粉体，添加量重量比为20碳原子烷烃蜡的18％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例18
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：NBR橡胶35份、改性相变粉体15份，氢氧化铝15份，氮化硼8份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将脂肪酸加热熔化，然后在熔化的脂 肪酸中添加纳米二氧化硅微粉，添加量重量比为脂肪酸的30％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例19
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：硅橡胶40份、改性相变粉体30份，磷系阻燃剂10份、碳纳米管18份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将石蜡加热熔化，然后在熔化的石蜡中添加中空微球粉体，添加量重量比为石蜡的28％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例20
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：硅橡胶40份、改性相变粉体30份，磷系阻燃剂10份、碳纳米管18份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将20碳原子烷烃蜡加热熔化，然后在熔化的20碳原子烷烃蜡中添加纳米二氧化硅微粉，添加量重量比为20碳原子烷烃蜡的36％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例21
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：硅橡胶40份、改性相变粉体30份，磷系阻燃剂10份、碳纳米管18份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将脂肪酸加热熔化，然后在熔化的脂肪酸中添加膨胀石墨，添加量重量比为脂肪酸的12％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例22
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：硅橡胶55份、改性相变粉体33份，氢氧化铝15份、氮化硼8份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将石蜡加热熔化，然后在熔化的石蜡中添加中空微球粉体，添加量重量比为石蜡的35％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例23
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：硅橡胶55份、改性相变粉体33份，氢氧化铝15份、氮化硼8份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将20碳原子烷烃蜡加热熔化，然后在熔化的20碳原子烷烃蜡中添加纳米二氧化硅微粉，添加量重量比为20碳原子烷烃蜡的16％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例24
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：硅橡胶55份、改性相变粉体33 份，氢氧化铝15份、氮化硼8份。
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将脂肪酸加热熔化，然后在熔化的脂肪酸中添加膨胀石墨，添加量重量比为脂肪酸的5％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例25
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：EPDM橡胶25份、改性相变粉体12份，氢氧化铝12份，石墨4份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将石蜡加热熔化，然后在熔化的石蜡中添加中空微球粉体，添加量重量比为石蜡的25％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例26
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：EPDM橡胶25份、改性相变粉体12份，氢氧化铝12份，石墨4份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将20碳原子烷烃蜡加热熔化，然后在熔化的20碳原子烷烃蜡中添加纳米二氧化硅微粉，添加量重量比为20碳原子烷烃蜡的8％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例27
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：EPDM橡胶25份、改性相变粉体12份，氢氧化铝12份，石墨4份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将脂肪酸加热熔化，然后在熔化的脂肪酸中添加膨胀石墨，添加量重量比为脂肪酸的15％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例28
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：EPDM橡胶60份、改性相变粉体40份，氢氧化铝30份，氧化铝20份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将石蜡加热熔化，然后在熔化的石蜡中添加中空微球粉体，添加量重量比为石蜡的22％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例29
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：EPDM橡胶60份、改性相变粉体40份，氢氧化铝30份，氧化铝20份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将20碳原子烷烃蜡加热熔化，然后在熔化的20碳原子烷烃蜡中添加纳米二氧化硅微粉，添加量重量比为20碳原子烷烃蜡的8％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例30
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：EPDM橡胶60份、改性相变粉体40份，氢氧化铝30份，氧化铝20份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将脂肪酸加热熔化，然后在熔化的脂肪酸中添加膨胀石墨，添加量重量比为脂肪酸的6％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例31
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：NR橡胶50份、改性相变粉体30份，氢氧化铝20份，氧化铝10份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将PE蜡加热熔化，然后在熔化的PE蜡中添加纳米二氧化硅微粉，添加量重量比为PE蜡的10％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例32
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：NR橡胶40份、改性相变粉体20份，氢氧化铝20份，碳纳米管15份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将聚乙二醇加热熔化，然后在熔化的聚乙二醇中添加纳米膨胀石墨，添加量重量比为聚乙二醇的16％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例33
相变储热橡胶,包括以下重量份的各组份：CR橡胶55份、聚乙二醇45份，氢氧化铝22份，石墨15份；
所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将聚乙二醇加热熔化，然后在熔化的聚乙二醇中添加纳米膨胀石墨，添加量重量比为聚乙二醇的36％，混合后粉体 在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动4h以上，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
实施例34
相变储热橡胶的制备方法，包括以下步骤，按照配方称取各组份，
步骤1、混合密炼：将橡胶和改性相变粉体混合密炼0.5～3h；
步骤2、挤出或模压成型获得相变储热橡胶。
实施例35
实施例1-33所述的相变储热橡胶的应用，所述的相变储热橡胶可以用于电池和电容。
实施例1-12所述的相变储热橡胶的应用于电池领域进行了性能测试，各项指标测试结果如表1所示，在相同环境温度下测试性能如下(0.1mm)：
Figure PCTCN2019107370-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2019107370-appb-000002
表1
实施例13-33所述的相变储热橡胶的应用于电池领域进行了性能测试，各项指标测试结果如表2所示，在相同环境温度下测试性能如下(0.1mm)：
Figure PCTCN2019107370-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2019107370-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2019107370-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2019107370-appb-000006
表2
应用实施例1-10的相变储热橡胶，应用于电芯，与无相变橡胶应用于电芯，30A放电1500mAH，放电时间约90min，进行测试对比，结果如3所示：
Figure PCTCN2019107370-appb-000007
Figure PCTCN2019107370-appb-000008
表3
上述电芯测试结果看出，相变材料可显著降低电芯工作时温度，降温平均可达到13℃左右；
由表1-表3的数据可知，本发明的相变储热橡胶的相变焓(J/g)约15～200，吸热值高；相变温度(℃)28～85；比热容(J/(g·K))≥2.0；比重(g/cc)达到了0.9～1.6,而当改性相变粉体的添加量增加时，比热容、相变焓也随之增大，具有更高的相变焓及更大的比热容，吸热和储热性能也更加优异，以此可以说明，改性相变粉体的搭配应用，使得橡胶具有了令人惊讶的吸热焓与比热容，而且其它各项性能指标也随之增强，具有意想不到的增强效果，经过测试发现，随着改性相变粉体加入量的增加，比热容也随之增大，但是当改性相变粉体加入的量过大时，橡胶成型困难，而且机械性能也随之降低，因此，改性相变粉体的比例最好不超过橡胶的重量份数。
最后应当说明的是，以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对本发明保护范围的限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明作了详细地说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的实质和范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 相变储热橡胶,其特征在于，包括以下重量份的各组份：
    橡胶20～70份和改性相变粉体10～68份，所述改性相变粉体的制备方法如下：将相变粉体加热熔化，然后在熔化的相变粉体中添加改性剂，添加量重量比为相变粉体的2％～40％，混合后粉体在水浴或油浴中保温，然后用振动筛振动，接着用吸油纸吸油，再用球磨机或砂磨机研磨粉体，获得所述的改性相变粉体。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的相变储热橡胶,其特征在于：所述橡胶选自NBR、EPDM、硅橡胶、NR和CR中的任意一种或者几种的组合。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的相变储热橡胶,其特征在于：所述相变粉体选自烷烃蜡、脂肪酸、PE蜡和聚乙二醇中的任意一种或者几种的组合。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的相变储热橡胶,其特征在于：所述改性剂选自膨胀石墨、纳米二氧化硅微粉和中空微球粉体中的任意一种或者几种的组合。
  5. 根据权利要求4任一项所述的相变储热橡胶,其特征在于：还包括阻燃剂10～50份，所述阻燃剂选自磷系阻燃剂、氮系阻燃剂和氢氧化铝中的任意一种或者几种的组合。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的相变储热橡胶,其特征在于，还包括导热粉体1～20份，所述导热粉体选自氧化铝、氮化硼和氮化铝、石墨中的任意一种或者几种的组合。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的相变储热橡胶,其特征在于，还包括石墨、碳纳米管和/或石墨烯1～30份。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的相变储热橡胶,其特征在于：所述烷烃蜡的烷烃碳原子数介于10-60之间。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的相变储热橡胶的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤，按照配方称取各组份，
    步骤1、混合密炼：将橡胶和改性相变粉体混合密炼0.5～3h；
    步骤2、挤出或模压成型获得相变储热橡胶。
  10. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的相变储热橡胶的应用，其特征在于，所述的相变储热橡胶可以用于电池和电容。
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