WO2020262125A1 - Vehicle air-conditioner - Google Patents

Vehicle air-conditioner Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020262125A1
WO2020262125A1 PCT/JP2020/023675 JP2020023675W WO2020262125A1 WO 2020262125 A1 WO2020262125 A1 WO 2020262125A1 JP 2020023675 W JP2020023675 W JP 2020023675W WO 2020262125 A1 WO2020262125 A1 WO 2020262125A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat medium
refrigerant
heat
vehicle
heat exchanger
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Application number
PCT/JP2020/023675
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
徹也 石関
Original Assignee
サンデン・オートモーティブクライメイトシステム株式会社
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Application filed by サンデン・オートモーティブクライメイトシステム株式会社 filed Critical サンデン・オートモーティブクライメイトシステム株式会社
Publication of WO2020262125A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020262125A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heat pump type air conditioner for air-conditioning the interior of a vehicle, particularly a vehicle air conditioner capable of adjusting the temperature of equipment mounted on the vehicle.
  • the charge / discharge performance of batteries deteriorates in a low temperature environment. Further, if charging / discharging is performed in an environment where the temperature is high due to self-heating or the like, deterioration progresses, and there is a risk that the product will eventually malfunction and be damaged. Therefore, the temperature of the battery can be adjusted by circulating the heat medium (cooling water) cooled by exchanging heat with the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit or the heat medium heated by the heating device to the battery.
  • the heat medium cooling water
  • Patent Document 1 in this type of vehicle air conditioner, a heat medium is heated by an electric heater to assist heating in the vehicle interior, and the heated heat medium is used in the vehicle interior.
  • An auxiliary heating device including a heat medium circulation circuit for heating the supplied air is provided.
  • a heat medium circulation circuit cooling water circulation circuit
  • Patent Document 3 there arises a problem that the apparatus becomes large and the manufacturing cost increases.
  • a heat exchanger is provided to exchange heat between the heat medium heated by the heating device for controlling the battery temperature and the air supplied to the passenger compartment, and the heat exchanger is switched to the battery to circulate the heat medium for heating. It is conceivable that the device can perform both battery heating and vehicle interior heating.
  • the present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional technical problems, and in an air conditioner for a vehicle capable of controlling the temperature of a vehicle-mounted device, the air conditioning performance is improved while reducing the number of heating devices.
  • the purpose is to prevent the decline.
  • the vehicle air conditioner of the present invention includes a compressor that compresses the refrigerant, an indoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the air supplied to the vehicle interior, an outdoor heat exchanger provided outside the vehicle interior, and a control device.
  • the vehicle interior is air-conditioned, and the vehicle-mounted equipment is provided with a heat medium circulation circuit that circulates the heat medium.
  • the heat medium circulation circuit includes a circulation device that circulates the heat medium, and a refrigerant and a heat medium.
  • Coolant for heat exchange-heat medium heat exchanger heating device for heating the heat medium, heat medium radiator for heat exchange between the heat medium and the air supplied to the passenger compartment, and the heat medium flowing to the vehicle-mounted equipment It has a flow path switching device that switches whether to flow through the heat medium radiator, and is configured so that the heat medium that has passed through the heating device flows through the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger, and the control device controls the heating device.
  • the first heat medium circulation mode in which the passed heat medium is passed through the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger and the heat medium passed through the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger is passed through the vehicle-mounted equipment, and the heat medium passed through the heating device is passed through the refrigerant-. It is characterized by having a second heat medium circulation mode in which the heat medium is passed through a heat medium heat exchanger and the heat medium that has passed through the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger is passed through the heat medium radiator.
  • the control device is mounted on the vehicle by setting the heat medium circulation circuit to the first heat medium circulation mode and absorbing the refrigerant with the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger. It is characterized by performing a vehicle-mounted equipment cooling operation for cooling the equipment.
  • the control device sets the heat medium circulation circuit as the first heat medium circulation mode and heats the heating device to heat the vehicle-mounted equipment. It is characterized by performing an equipment heating operation.
  • the control device sets the heat medium circulation circuit to the second heat medium circulation mode, heats the heating device, and heats the heat medium radiator to create a vehicle interior. It is characterized by executing a heat medium heat dissipation heating operation for heating.
  • the control device executes a heating operation for heating the vehicle interior by dissipating the refrigerant discharged from the compressor with the indoor heat exchanger.
  • the heat medium radiator is characterized in that it is arranged on the wind side of the indoor heat exchanger in the air flow path supplied to the vehicle interior.
  • the vehicle air conditioner according to claim 6 includes a radiator and a heat absorber as indoor heat exchangers in each of the above inventions, and the control device dissipates the refrigerant discharged from the compressor with the radiator.
  • a heating operation that heats the passenger compartment by absorbing heat with an outdoor heat exchanger and / or a refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger, and a heat exchanger that dissipates the refrigerant discharged from the compressor with the outdoor heat exchanger. It is possible to cool the equipment mounted on the vehicle by executing the cooling operation of cooling the vehicle interior by absorbing heat and absorbing the refrigerant with the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger in the heating operation and / or the cooling operation. It is characterized by that.
  • the vehicle air conditioner according to claim 7 is characterized in that, in each of the above inventions, the vehicle-mounted device is a battery that supplies power to the compressor.
  • the vehicle air conditioner according to claim 8 is characterized in that, in each of the above inventions, the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger and the heating device are integrally configured.
  • the vehicle is provided with a compressor for compressing the refrigerant, an indoor heat exchanger for heat exchange between the refrigerant and the air supplied to the passenger compartment, an outdoor heat exchanger provided outside the passenger compartment, and a control device.
  • a heat medium circulation circuit that circulates a heat medium is provided in a vehicle-mounted device, and this heat medium circulation circuit exchanges heat between a circulation device that circulates the heat medium and a refrigerant and a heat medium.
  • the heat medium that has passed through the heating device is passed through the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger, and the heat medium that has passed through this refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger is dissipated by the heat medium.
  • the second heat medium circulation mode is provided to flow through the vessel, for example, as in the invention of claim 2, the heat medium circulation circuit is set to the first heat medium circulation mode, and the refrigerant absorbs heat with the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger.
  • the vehicle-mounted equipment is cooled by executing the vehicle-mounted equipment cooling operation, the heat medium circulation circuit is set to the first heat medium circulation mode as in the invention of claim 3, and the vehicle-mounted equipment is heated by generating heat. Vehicle-mounted equipment to be heated By executing the heating operation, the temperature of the vehicle-mounted equipment can be adjusted.
  • the heat medium circulation circuit is set to the second heat medium circulation mode, and the heat medium heat dissipation heating operation for heating the vehicle interior by the heat medium radiator by heating the heating device is executed.
  • the heat medium that has passed through the heating device is configured to flow to the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger, in order to cool the vehicle-mounted equipment in the heating operation or the cooling operation as in the invention of claim 6.
  • Refrigerant-heat medium When the refrigerant circulated in the heat exchanger remains in the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger in a low outside temperature environment, the heat medium immediately after passing through the heating device, that is, mounted on the vehicle The residual refrigerant can be strongly heated by the heat medium before heat exchange with the equipment or heat medium radiator to promote evaporation. As a result, it is possible to effectively avoid the inconvenience that the refrigerant falls into the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger and the amount of circulating refrigerant decreases, resulting in deterioration of the air conditioning performance in the vehicle interior.
  • the heat medium radiator is installed in the air flow passage for supplying the passenger compartment to the indoor heat exchanger.
  • the above invention is particularly effective when the vehicle-mounted device is a battery that supplies power to the compressor.
  • Example 2 It is a block diagram of one Example of the air conditioner for a vehicle to which this invention is applied (first heat medium circulation mode in heating operation: Example 1). It is a block diagram of the air-conditioning controller as a control device of the air conditioner for a vehicle of FIG. It is a figure explaining the 2nd heat medium circulation mode in the heating operation by the air-conditioning controller of FIG. It is a figure explaining the 1st heat medium circulation mode in the cooling operation by the air-conditioning controller of FIG. It is a figure which shows the internal structure of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger of another Example of this invention (Example 2).
  • FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of an air conditioner 1 for a vehicle according to an embodiment to which the present invention is applied.
  • the vehicle of the embodiment to which the present invention is applied is an electric vehicle (EV) in which an engine (internal engine) is not mounted, and the vehicle is equipped with a battery 55 (for example, a lithium ion battery), and the battery 55 is supplied from an external power source. It is driven and traveled by supplying the electric power charged to the traveling motor (electric motor).
  • the vehicle air conditioner 1 is also driven by being supplied with power from the battery 55.
  • the vehicle air conditioner 1 performs heating operation by the heat pump device HP having a refrigerant circuit R in an electric vehicle that cannot be heated by waste heat of the engine, and further, dehumidifying and heating operation, dehumidifying and cooling operation, and cooling operation.
  • the present invention is effective not only for the electric vehicle as a vehicle but also for a so-called hybrid vehicle that uses an engine and an electric motor for traveling.
  • the vehicle air conditioner 1 of the embodiment air-conditions (heating, cooling, dehumidifying, and ventilating) the interior of the electric vehicle, and is an electric compressor that is supplied with power from the battery 55 to compress the refrigerant.
  • the (electric compressor) 2 and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 2 are provided in the air flow passage 3 of the HVAC unit 10 through which the vehicle interior air is aerated and circulated, and flow in through the refrigerant pipe 13G.
  • a radiator 4 as an indoor heat exchanger for radiating the refrigerant and heating the air supplied to the vehicle interior, an outdoor expansion valve 6 composed of an electric valve for decompressing and expanding the refrigerant during heating, and a refrigerant for cooling during cooling.
  • a room consisting of an outdoor heat exchanger 7 for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the outside air so as to function as a condenser to absorb heat of the refrigerant during heating and an electric valve for decompressing and expanding the refrigerant.
  • the expansion valve 8 and the heat exchanger 9 provided in the air flow passage 3 as an indoor heat exchanger for cooling the air supplied to the vehicle interior by absorbing heat from the outside of the vehicle interior to the refrigerant during cooling (during dehumidification).
  • the accumulator 12 and the like are sequentially connected by the refrigerant pipe 13, and the refrigerant circuit R of the heat pump device HP is configured.
  • the outdoor expansion valve 6 and the indoor expansion valve 8 expand the refrigerant under reduced pressure and can be fully opened or fully closed.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is provided with an outdoor blower 15.
  • the outdoor blower 15 forcibly ventilates the outdoor air to the outdoor heat exchanger 7 to exchange heat between the outside air and the refrigerant, whereby the outdoor air is outdoors even when the vehicle is stopped (that is, the vehicle speed is 0 km / h).
  • the heat exchanger 7 is configured to ventilate outside air.
  • the refrigerant pipe 13A connected to the refrigerant outlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is connected to the refrigerant pipe 13B via the check valve 18.
  • the check valve 18 has a forward direction on the refrigerant pipe 13B side, and the refrigerant pipe 13B is connected to the indoor expansion valve 8.
  • the refrigerant pipe 13A coming out of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is branched, and the branched refrigerant pipe 13D is the refrigerant pipe 13C located on the outlet side of the heat absorber 9 via the solenoid valve 21 opened during heating. It is connected to.
  • the check valve 20 is connected to the refrigerant pipe 13C downstream from the connection point of the refrigerant pipe 13D, the refrigerant pipe 13C downstream from the check valve 20 is connected to the accumulator 12, and the accumulator 12 is the compressor 2. It is connected to the refrigerant suction side of.
  • the check valve 20 has the accumulator 12 side in the forward direction.
  • the refrigerant pipe 13E on the outlet side of the radiator 4 is branched into the refrigerant pipe 13J and the refrigerant pipe 13F in front of the outdoor expansion valve 6 (on the upstream side of the refrigerant), and one of the branched refrigerant pipes 13J is the outdoor expansion valve 6 It is connected to the refrigerant inlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 via.
  • the other branched refrigerant pipe 13F is connected to the refrigerant pipe 13B located on the refrigerant downstream side of the check valve 18 and located on the refrigerant upstream side of the indoor expansion valve 8 via the solenoid valve 22 opened during dehumidification. Has been done.
  • the refrigerant pipe 13F is connected in parallel to the series circuit of the outdoor expansion valve 6, the outdoor heat exchanger 7, and the check valve 18, and the outdoor expansion valve 6, the outdoor heat exchanger 7, and the check valve are connected in parallel. It is a circuit that bypasses 18.
  • each suction port of the outside air suction port and the inside air suction port is formed (represented by the suction port 25 in FIG. 1), and this suction port is formed.
  • the suction switching damper 26 for switching the air introduced into the air flow passage 3 into the inside air (inside air circulation), which is the air inside the vehicle interior, and the outside air (outside air introduction), which is the air outside the vehicle interior, is provided.
  • an indoor blower fan 27 for supplying the introduced inside air and outside air to the air flow passage 3 is provided on the air downstream side of the suction switching damper 26.
  • 23 is a heat medium radiator as an auxiliary heating device.
  • the heat medium radiator 23 is provided in the air flow passage 3 which is on the windward side of the radiator 4 with respect to the air flow in the air flow passage 3. Then, the heated heat medium is circulated in the heat medium radiator 23 as described later, so that the interior of the vehicle can be heated and heating assistance can be performed.
  • the air (inside air or outside air) in the air flow passage 3 after flowing into the air flow passage 3 and passing through the heat absorber 9 is heated.
  • An air mix damper 28 for adjusting the ratio of ventilation to the medium radiator 23 and the radiator 4 is provided.
  • FOOT (foot), VENT (vent), and DEF (diff) outlets are formed in the air flow passage 3 on the air downstream side of the radiator 4.
  • the outlet 29 is provided with an outlet switching damper 31 that switches and controls the blowing of air from each of the outlets.
  • the vehicle air conditioner 1 includes a heat medium circulation circuit 61 for circulating a heat medium in the battery 55 to adjust the temperature of the battery 55. That is, in the embodiment, the battery 55 is the vehicle-mounted device according to the present invention.
  • the heat medium circulation circuit 61 of this embodiment includes a circulation pump 62 as a circulation device, a refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, and a heat medium heater 66 as a heating device including an electric heater such as a PTC heater.
  • a three-way valve 60 as a flow path switching device and the heat medium radiator 23 described above are provided, and the battery 55 is connected to them by a heat medium pipe 68.
  • the heat medium pipe 68A is connected to the discharge side of the circulation pump 62, and the heat medium pipe 68A is connected to the inlet of the heat medium heater 66.
  • a heat medium pipe 68B is connected to the outlet of the heat medium heater 66, and the heat medium pipe 68B is connected to the inlet of the heat medium flow path 64A of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64.
  • a heat medium pipe 68C is connected to the outlet of the heat medium flow path 64A, and the heat medium pipe 68C is connected to the inlet of the three-way valve 60.
  • One outlet of the three-way valve 60 is connected to the heat medium pipe 68D, and the heat medium pipe 68D is connected to the inlet of the battery 55.
  • the outlet of the battery 55 is connected to the heat medium pipe 68E, and the heat medium pipe 68E is connected to the suction side of the circulation pump 62.
  • the other outlet of the three-way valve 60 is connected to the heat medium pipe 68F, and the heat medium pipe 68F is connected to the inlet of the heat medium radiator 23.
  • the outlet of the heat medium radiator 23 is connected to the heat medium pipe 68G, and the heat medium pipe 68G is communicated with the heat medium pipe 68E.
  • the heat medium circulation circuit 61 is configured so that the heat medium discharged from the circulation pump 62 immediately flows into the heat medium flow path 64A of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 after passing through the heat medium heater 66. ing. Then, next to the series circuit of the circulation pump 62, the heat medium heater 66, and the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, the parallel circuit of the battery 55 and the heat medium radiator 23 is connected. ..
  • the heat medium used in the heat medium circulation circuit 61 for example, water, a refrigerant such as HFO-1234yf, a liquid such as coolant, or a gas such as air can be adopted.
  • water is used as a heat medium.
  • a jacket structure is provided around the battery 55 so that a heat medium can circulate with the battery 55 in a heat exchange relationship.
  • the air conditioning controller 32 (control device) described later has a first heat medium circulation mode and a second heat medium circulation mode described below as the heat medium circulation mode of the heat medium circulation circuit 61.
  • (1) First heat medium circulation mode That is, when the circulation pump 62 is operated while the three-way valve 60 is switched to a state in which the inlet and one outlet communicate with each other, as shown by the solid line arrow in FIG.
  • the heat medium discharged from the circulation pump 62 is a heat medium pipe 68A, a heat medium heater 66, a heat medium pipe 68B, a heat medium flow path 64A of a refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, a heat medium pipe 68C, and a three-way valve 60.
  • the heat medium pipe 68D, the battery 55, and the heat medium pipe 68E flow in this order and are sucked into the circulation pump 62. This is the first heat medium circulation mode.
  • the heat medium absorbed and cooled by the refrigerant in the heat medium flow path 64A of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 is circulated to the battery 55 and heats with the battery 55.
  • the waste heat is recovered from the battery 55 by replacement, and the battery 55 itself is cooled.
  • the first heat medium circulation mode is executed in the heating operation to generate heat of the heat medium heating heater 66, the heat from the heat medium heating heater 66 is also a refrigerant in the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64. Can be collected and transported to the radiator 4.
  • the heat medium is circulated between the heat medium heating heater 66, the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, and the battery 55. Therefore, as described later, the refrigerant-.
  • the battery 55 can be heated by the heat medium heating heater 66 by generating heat of the heat medium heating heater 66.
  • the heat medium discharged from the circulation pump 62 is a heat medium pipe 68A, a heat medium heater 66, a heat medium pipe 68B, a heat medium flow path 64A of a refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, a heat medium pipe 68C, and a three-way valve 60.
  • the heat medium pipe 68F, the heat medium radiator 23, the heat medium pipe 68G, and the heat medium pipe 68E flow in this order and are sucked into the circulation pump 62. This is the second heat medium circulation mode.
  • the heat medium is circulated between the heat medium heater 66, the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, and the heat medium radiator 23. Therefore, as described later, the refrigerant -In a state where the refrigerant is not absorbed in the refrigerant flow path 64B of the heat medium heat exchanger 64, the heat medium heated by the heat medium heating heater 66 is circulated to the heat medium radiator 23 by generating heat of the heat medium heating heater 66. The air flowing into the radiator 4 can be heated.
  • the refrigerant pipe 13F of the refrigerant circuit R branches to the outlet of the refrigerant pipe 13F of the refrigerant circuit R, that is, the refrigerant pipe 13B located on the refrigerant downstream side of the connection portion between the refrigerant pipe 13F and the refrigerant pipe 13B and located on the refrigerant upstream side of the indoor expansion valve 8.
  • One end of the branch pipe 72 as a circuit is connected.
  • the branch pipe 72 is provided with an auxiliary expansion valve 73 composed of an electric valve.
  • the auxiliary expansion valve 73 expands the refrigerant flowing into the above-mentioned refrigerant flow path 64B of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 under reduced pressure, and can be fully closed.
  • the other end of the branch pipe 72 is connected to the refrigerant flow path 64B of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, and one end of the refrigerant pipe 74 is connected to the outlet of the refrigerant flow path 64B to form the refrigerant pipe 74.
  • the other end is on the downstream side of the refrigerant of the check valve 20 and is connected to the refrigerant pipe 13C in front of the accumulator 12 (upstream side of the refrigerant).
  • these auxiliary expansion valves 73 and the like also form a part of the refrigerant circuit R of the heat pump device HP, and at the same time, form a part of the heat medium circulation circuit 61.
  • reference numeral 32 denotes an air conditioning controller 32 as a control device that controls the vehicle air conditioner 1.
  • the air conditioning controller 32 is composed of a microcomputer as an example of a computer including a processor.
  • the input of the air conditioner controller 32 (control device) is sucked into the air flow passage 3 from the outside air temperature sensor 33 that detects the outside air temperature (Tam) of the vehicle, the outside air humidity sensor 34 that detects the outside air humidity, and the suction port 25.
  • the HVAC suction temperature sensor 36 that detects the temperature of the air
  • the inside air temperature sensor 37 that detects the temperature of the air (inside air) in the vehicle interior
  • the inside air humidity sensor 38 that detects the humidity of the air inside the vehicle interior
  • the dioxide in the vehicle interior The HVAC suction temperature sensor 36 that detects the temperature of the air
  • the inside air temperature sensor 37 that detects the temperature of the air (inside air) in the vehicle interior
  • the inside air humidity sensor 38 that detects the humidity of the air inside the vehicle interior
  • the indoor CO 2 concentration sensor 39 that detects the carbon concentration, the blowout temperature sensor 41 that detects the temperature of the air blown into the vehicle interior from the blowout port 29, and the discharge refrigerant pressure (discharge pressure Pd) of the compressor 2 are detected.
  • radiator pressure PCI radiator pressure PCI
  • a radiator pressure sensor 47 to detect the temperature of the heat absorber 9 (the temperature of the air passing through the heat absorber 9 or the temperature of the heat absorber 9 itself: the heat absorber temperature Te).
  • the heat absorber temperature sensor 48, the heat absorber pressure sensor 49 that detects the refrigerant pressure of the heat absorber 9 (the pressure of the refrigerant in the heat absorber 9 or immediately after leaving the heat absorber 9), and the amount of solar radiation into the vehicle interior.
  • a photosensor type solar radiation sensor 51 for detection for detection
  • a vehicle speed sensor 52 for detecting the moving speed (vehicle speed) of the vehicle
  • an air conditioning operation unit 53 for setting a set temperature and switching of air conditioning operation
  • an outdoor unit for setting a set temperature and switching of air conditioning operation.
  • the temperature of the heat exchanger 7 (the temperature of the refrigerant immediately after exiting the outdoor heat exchanger 7 or the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 itself: the outdoor heat exchanger temperature TXO.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 7 functions as an evaporator.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger temperature TXO is the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 7
  • the outdoor heat exchanger temperature sensor 54 and the refrigerant pressure of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 inside the outdoor heat exchanger 7.
  • each output of the outdoor heat exchanger pressure sensor 56 that detects (the pressure of the refrigerant immediately after exiting from the outdoor heat exchanger 7) is connected.
  • the temperature of the battery 55 (the temperature of the battery 55 itself, the temperature of the heat medium leaving the battery 55, or the temperature of the heat medium entering the battery 55: battery temperature Tb) is further input to the air conditioning controller 32.
  • Each output of the battery temperature sensor 76 to detect and the heat medium outlet temperature sensor 77 to detect the temperature of the heat medium exiting the heat medium flow path 64A of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 is also connected.
  • the output of the air conditioning controller 32 includes the compressor 2, the outdoor blower 15, the indoor blower (blower fan) 27, the suction switching damper 26, the air mix damper 28, the air outlet switching damper 31, and the outdoor.
  • the expansion valve 6, the indoor expansion valve 8, the solenoid valve 22 (dehumidifying), the solenoid valve 21 (heating), the circulation pump 62, the auxiliary expansion valve 73, and the three-way valve 60 are connected to each other. Then, the air conditioning controller 32 controls these based on the output of each sensor and the settings input by the air conditioning operation unit 53.
  • the air conditioning controller 32 switches and executes each air conditioning operation of heating operation, dehumidifying heating operation, dehumidifying cooling operation, and cooling operation, and controls the temperature of the battery 55 (vehicle-mounted device). adjust.
  • each air-conditioning operation of the heat pump device HP of the vehicle air conditioner 1 will be described.
  • FIGS. 1 and 3 show the flow of the refrigerant (broken line arrow) in the refrigerant circuit R in the heating operation.
  • the air conditioning controller 32 uses the solenoid valve 21 (for heating). Is opened, and the indoor expansion valve 8 is fully closed. Also, the solenoid valve 22 (for dehumidification) is closed.
  • the compressor 2 and the blowers 15 and 27 are operated, and the air mix damper 28 adjusts the ratio of the air blown from the indoor blower 27 to the heat medium radiator 23 and the radiator 4.
  • the air mix damper 28 adjusts the ratio of the air blown from the indoor blower 27 to the heat medium radiator 23 and the radiator 4.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 2 flows into the radiator 4. Since the air in the air flow passage 3 is ventilated through the radiator 4, the air in the air flow passage 3 is heated by the high temperature refrigerant in the radiator 4, while the refrigerant in the radiator 4 heats the air. It is deprived, cooled, and condensed.
  • the refrigerant liquefied in the radiator 4 exits the radiator 4 and then reaches the outdoor expansion valve 6 via the refrigerant pipes 13E and 13J.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the outdoor expansion valve 6 is decompressed there, and then flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 7.
  • the refrigerant that has flowed into the outdoor heat exchanger 7 evaporates and draws heat by running or from the outside air that is ventilated by the outdoor blower 15 (endothermic).
  • the low-temperature refrigerant leaving the outdoor heat exchanger 7 reaches the refrigerant pipe 13C via the refrigerant pipe 13A, the refrigerant pipe 13D, and the electromagnetic valve 21, and enters the accumulator 12 via the check valve 20 of the refrigerant pipe 13C.
  • the circulation in which the gas refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 2 is repeated. Since the air heated by the radiator 4 is blown out from the outlet 29, the interior of the vehicle is heated by this.
  • the air conditioning controller 32 has a target radiator pressure PCO (target value of the pressure PCI of the radiator 4) from the target heater temperature TCO (target value of the air temperature on the leeward side of the radiator 4) calculated from the target outlet temperature TAO described later. Is calculated, and the rotation speed of the compressor 2 is controlled based on the target radiator pressure PCO and the refrigerant pressure of the radiator 4 (radiator pressure PCI. High pressure of the refrigerant circuit R) detected by the radiator pressure sensor 47. At the same time, the valve opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 6 is controlled based on the temperature of the radiator 4 (radiator temperature TCI) detected by the radiator temperature sensor 46 and the radiator pressure PCI detected by the radiator pressure sensor 47.
  • target radiator pressure PCO target value of the pressure PCI of the radiator 4
  • TCO target value of the air temperature on the leeward side of the radiator 4
  • the degree of supercooling of the refrigerant at the outlet of the radiator 4 is controlled.
  • the heat medium heating heater 66 is energized to generate heat as described later to supplement the heating capacity.
  • the air conditioning controller 32 opens the solenoid valve 22 and also opens the auxiliary expansion valve 73 to control the valve opening degree.
  • a part of the refrigerant discharged from the radiator 4 is diverted on the upstream side of the refrigerant of the outdoor expansion valve 6, and as shown by the white arrows in FIGS. 1 and 3, the refrigerant of the indoor expansion valve 8 passes through the refrigerant pipe 13F. It reaches the upstream side.
  • the refrigerant then enters the branch pipe 72, is depressurized by the auxiliary expansion valve 73, and then flows into the refrigerant flow path 64B of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 through the branch pipe 72 and evaporates.
  • the refrigerant evaporated in the refrigerant flow path 64B repeats circulation that is sucked into the compressor 2 through the refrigerant pipe 74, the refrigerant pipe 13C, and the accumulator 12 in that order.
  • the air conditioning controller 32 opens the solenoid valve 22 and opens the indoor expansion valve 8 to depressurize and expand the refrigerant in the heating operation.
  • a part of the condensed refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe 13E via the radiator 4 is diverted, and the diverted refrigerant flows into the refrigerant pipe 13F via the solenoid valve 22 and flows from the refrigerant pipe 13B to the indoor expansion valve 8.
  • the remaining refrigerant flows to the outdoor expansion valve 6. That is, a part of the divided refrigerant is depressurized by the indoor expansion valve 8 and then flows into the heat absorber 9 and evaporates.
  • the air conditioning controller 32 controls the valve opening degree of the indoor expansion valve 8 so as to maintain the degree of superheat (SH) of the refrigerant at the outlet of the heat absorber 9 at a predetermined value, and the heat absorption action of the refrigerant generated by the heat absorber 9 at this time.
  • Moisture in the air blown out from the indoor blower 27 condenses and adheres to the heat absorber 9, so that the air is cooled and dehumidified.
  • the remaining refrigerant that has been split and flows into the refrigerant pipe 13J is decompressed by the outdoor expansion valve 6 and then evaporated by the outdoor heat exchanger 7.
  • the refrigerant evaporated in the heat absorber 9 goes out to the refrigerant pipe 13C, merges with the refrigerant from the refrigerant pipe 13D (refrigerant from the outdoor heat exchanger 7), and then is sucked into the compressor 2 via the check valve 20 and the accumulator 12. Repeat the cycle.
  • the air dehumidified by the heat absorber 9 is reheated in the process of passing through the radiator 4, so that the dehumidifying and heating of the vehicle interior is performed.
  • the air conditioning controller 32 controls the rotation speed of the compressor 2 based on the target radiator pressure PCO calculated from the target heater temperature TCO and the radiator pressure PCI (high pressure of the refrigerant circuit R) detected by the radiator pressure sensor 47.
  • the valve opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 6 is controlled based on the temperature of the heat absorber 9 (heat absorber temperature Te) detected by the heat absorber temperature sensor 48.
  • the air conditioning controller 32 opens the indoor expansion valve 8 to depressurize and expand the refrigerant, and closes the solenoid valve 21 and the solenoid valve 22. Then, the compressor 2 and the blowers 15 and 27 are operated, and the air mix damper 28 adjusts the ratio of the air blown from the indoor blower 27 to the heat medium radiator 23 and the radiator 4. To do. As a result, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 2 flows into the radiator 4.
  • the air in the air flow passage 3 is ventilated through the radiator 4, the air in the air flow passage 3 is heated by the high temperature refrigerant in the radiator 4, while the refrigerant in the radiator 4 heats the air. It is deprived, cooled, and condensed.
  • the refrigerant leaving the radiator 4 reaches the outdoor expansion valve 6 via the refrigerant pipe 13E, and flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 7 via the outdoor expansion valve 6 which is slightly opened and controlled.
  • the refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is air-cooled and condensed by traveling there or by the outside air ventilated by the outdoor blower 15.
  • the refrigerant leaving the outdoor heat exchanger 7 enters the refrigerant pipe 13B via the refrigerant pipe 13A and the check valve 18, and reaches the indoor expansion valve 8.
  • the refrigerant evaporated in the heat absorber 9 reaches the accumulator 12 via the refrigerant pipe 13C and the check valve 20, and is repeatedly sucked into the compressor 2 through the accumulator 12.
  • the air cooled by the heat absorber 9 and dehumidified is reheated (reheated: the heat dissipation capacity is lower than that during heating) in the process of passing through the radiator 4, so that the interior of the vehicle is dehumidified and cooled. become.
  • the air conditioner controller 32 sets the heat absorber temperature Te to the target heat absorber temperature TEO based on the temperature of the heat absorber 9 (heat absorber temperature Te) detected by the heat absorber temperature sensor 48 and the target heat absorber temperature TEO which is the target value thereof.
  • the target radiator pressure PCO radiation pressure
  • the required reheat amount by the radiator 4 is obtained by controlling the valve opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 6 so that the radiator pressure PCI becomes the target radiator pressure PCO based on the target value of PCI).
  • Cooling operation Next, the cooling operation will be described with reference to FIG. In this cooling operation executed at a high outside temperature such as in summer, the air conditioning controller 32 fully opens the valve opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 6 in the state of the dehumidifying cooling operation.
  • the air mix damper 28 is in a state of adjusting the ratio of air ventilated to the heat medium radiator 23 and the radiator 4.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 2 flows into the radiator 4 as shown by the broken line arrow in FIG.
  • the air in the air flow passage 3 is ventilated through the radiator 4, the ratio is small (because it is only reheated during cooling), so most of the air passes through here, and the refrigerant leaving the radiator 4 is discharged. It reaches the outdoor expansion valve 6 via the refrigerant pipe 13E.
  • the refrigerant passes through the outdoor expansion valve 6 as it is, passes through the refrigerant pipe 13J, flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 7, and is ventilated there by traveling or by the outdoor blower 15. It is air-cooled by the outside air to be condensed and liquefied.
  • the refrigerant exiting the outdoor heat exchanger 7 enters the refrigerant pipe 13B via the refrigerant pipe 13A and the check valve 18, and reaches the indoor expansion valve 8. After the refrigerant is depressurized by the indoor expansion valve 8, it flows into the heat absorber 9 and evaporates. Due to the endothermic action at this time, the moisture in the air blown out from the indoor blower 27 condenses and adheres to the endothermic device 9, and the air is cooled.
  • the refrigerant evaporated in the heat absorber 9 reaches the accumulator 12 via the refrigerant pipe 13C and the check valve 20, and is repeatedly sucked into the compressor 2 through the accumulator 12.
  • the air cooled by the heat absorber 9 and dehumidified is blown into the vehicle interior from the air outlet 29, so that the vehicle interior is cooled.
  • the air conditioning controller 32 controls the rotation speed of the compressor 2 based on the temperature of the heat absorber 9 (heat absorber temperature Te) detected by the heat absorber temperature sensor 48.
  • the air conditioning controller 32 opens the auxiliary expansion valve 73 to control the valve opening degree.
  • a part of the refrigerant discharged from the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is diverted on the upstream side of the refrigerant of the indoor expansion valve 8, enters the branch pipe 72 as shown by the white arrow in FIG. 4, and is depressurized by the auxiliary expansion valve 73.
  • it flows into the refrigerant flow path 64B of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 through the branch pipe 72 and evaporates. At this time, it exerts an endothermic effect.
  • the refrigerant evaporated in the refrigerant flow path 64B repeats circulation that is sucked into the compressor 2 through the refrigerant pipe 74, the refrigerant pipe 13C, and the accumulator 12 in that order.
  • the air conditioning controller 32 calculates the target blowout temperature TAO described above from the following formula (I).
  • This target outlet temperature TAO is a target value of the temperature of the air blown into the vehicle interior from the outlet 29.
  • TAO (Tset-Tin) x K + Tbal (f (Tset, SUN, Tam)) ⁇ ⁇ (I)
  • Tset is the set temperature in the vehicle interior set by the air conditioning operation unit 53
  • Tin is the temperature of the vehicle interior air detected by the inside air temperature sensor 37
  • K is a coefficient
  • Tbal is the set temperature Tset
  • the solar radiation sensor 51 detects it. It is a balance value calculated from the amount of solar radiation SUN and the outside air temperature Tam detected by the outside air temperature sensor 33.
  • the target outlet temperature TAO increases as the outside air temperature Tam decreases, and decreases as the outside air temperature Tam increases.
  • the air conditioning controller 32 selects one of the above air conditioning operations based on the outside air temperature Tam detected by the outside air temperature sensor 33 and the target blowing temperature TAO at the time of activation. Further, after the start-up, each of the air-conditioning operations is selected and switched according to changes in the environment and setting conditions such as the outside air temperature Tam and the target outlet temperature TAO.
  • the air conditioning controller 32 determines whether or not the battery temperature Tb detected by the battery temperature sensor 76 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value T1.
  • the predetermined value T1 is a predetermined high heat generation temperature that requires cooling of the battery 55.
  • the air conditioning controller 32 determines the current air conditioning operation of the heat pump device HP.
  • the current air conditioning operation is the heating operation
  • the solenoid valve 22 is opened and the auxiliary expansion valve 73 is also opened to control the valve opening degree as described above.
  • the heat medium circulation circuit 61 is set to the above-mentioned first heat medium circulation mode (FIG. 1), the circulation pump 62 is operated, and the heat medium heater 66 is de-energized.
  • the heat medium discharged from the circulation pump 62 passes through the heat medium heating heater 66 (not generating heat) and then flows into the heat medium flow path 64A of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, as described above.
  • heat is absorbed by the refrigerant evaporating in the refrigerant flow path 64B.
  • the heat medium cooled by the refrigerant in the heat medium flow path 64A is circulated to the battery 55 after passing through the three-way valve 60 to exchange heat with the battery 55, recover waste heat from the battery 55, and the battery 55 itself It will be cooled. This is the vehicle-mounted device cooling operation in the present invention.
  • the recovered waste heat is pumped up by the refrigerant from the heat medium that returns to the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 via the circulation pump 62 and the heat medium heater 66, and is transported to the radiator 4 for use in heating the passenger compartment. Will be.
  • the air conditioning controller 32 opens the auxiliary expansion valve 73 to control the valve opening degree as described above.
  • the heat medium circulation circuit 61 is set to the first heat medium circulation mode (FIG. 4), the circulation pump 62 is operated, and the heat medium heater 66 is de-energized.
  • the heat medium absorbed and cooled by the refrigerant in the heat medium flow path 64A of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 is circulated to the battery 55 by the circulation pump 62.
  • the heat medium exchanges heat with the battery 55 to cool the battery 55. This is also the vehicle-mounted device cooling operation in the present invention.
  • Such a vehicle-mounted device cooling operation ends, for example, when the battery temperature Tb drops to a predetermined value T2 (a predetermined low temperature at which cooling of the battery 55 is unnecessary).
  • the air-conditioning controller 32 ends the vehicle-mounted equipment cooling operation by, for example, fully closing the auxiliary expansion valve 73 to block the refrigerant toward the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64.
  • the predetermined value T3 is a predetermined low temperature lower than the predetermined value T2, and Tb ⁇ T3 indicates a situation in which the battery 55 needs to be heated.
  • the air conditioning controller 32 determines whether or not the heating capacity of the vehicle interior by the radiator 4 is insufficient in the heating operation.
  • the air conditioning controller 32 opens the solenoid valve 22 and the auxiliary expansion valve 73 also opens to control the valve opening degree as described above. To do. Further, after the heat medium circulation circuit 61 is set to the first heat medium circulation mode (FIG. 1), the circulation pump 62 is operated to energize the heat medium heating heater 66 to generate heat.
  • the heat medium heated by the heat medium heating heater 66 is circulated in the heat medium flow path 64A of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, and the refrigerant absorbs heat from this heat medium.
  • the heat of the heat medium heater 66 that has been absorbed is transferred to the radiator 4 by the refrigerant and used for heating assistance in the vehicle interior. Further, the heat medium exiting the heat medium flow path 64A is then circulated to the battery 55, and the battery 55 is heated.
  • the air conditioning controller 32 fully closes the auxiliary expansion valve 73, and the heat medium circulation circuit 61 also circulates the first heat medium.
  • the circulation pump 62 is operated, and the heat medium heating heater 66 is energized to generate heat.
  • the heat medium heated by the heat medium heating heater 66 is circulated to the battery 55 after passing through the heat medium flow path 64A of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, so that the battery 55 is heated.
  • the battery temperature Tb rises to a predetermined value T4 (a predetermined high temperature that does not require heating of the battery 55.
  • T4 a predetermined high temperature that does not require heating of the battery 55.
  • the relationship between the predetermined values rises to, for example, T3 ⁇ T4 ⁇ T2 ⁇ T1). It ends when it is done.
  • the air conditioning controller 32 completely closes the auxiliary expansion valve 73 to block the refrigerant toward the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, and also de-energizes the heat medium heating heater 66 to end the vehicle-mounted equipment heating operation. To do.
  • the heat pump device HP cannot be operated due to, for example, over-frosting on the outdoor heat exchanger 7, and the temperature of the air inside the vehicle is Tin. Is lower than the set temperature Tset and heating is required, the air conditioning controller 32 sets the heat medium circulation circuit 61 to the second heat medium circulation mode (solid line arrow in FIG. 3) and energizes the heat medium heater 66 to generate heat. At the same time, the circulation pump 62 is operated. Further, although the compressor 2 is stopped, the indoor blower 27 operates.
  • the heat medium discharged from the circulation pump 62 reaches the heat medium heating heater 66, and after being heated there, passes through the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, passes through the three-way valve 60, and reaches the heat medium radiator 23. It flows. Then, the heat medium radiated by the heat medium radiator 23 is sucked into the circulation pump 62. That is, since the heat medium is circulated between the heat medium radiator 23 and the heat medium heater 66, the heat medium heated by the heat medium heater 66 dissipates heat in the heat medium radiator 23. The air flowing through the air flow passage 3 by the indoor blower 27 is heated by the heat medium radiator 23 and blown out into the vehicle interior, so that the vehicle interior is heated.
  • the heat medium heater 66 is used. Heating assistance can also be provided.
  • the air conditioning controller 32 sets the heat medium circulation circuit 61 to the second heat medium circulation mode, energizes the heat medium heating heater 66 to generate heat, and operates the circulation pump 62 (FIG. 3).
  • the heat medium is similarly circulated between the heat medium radiator 23 and the heat medium heater 66, so that the heat medium heated by the heat medium heater 66 dissipates heat in the heat medium radiator 23. .. Since the air flowing through the air flow passage 3 by the indoor blower 27 is heated by the heat medium radiator 23 before flowing into the radiator 4, heating assistance in the vehicle interior is performed.
  • the air conditioner controller 32 maintains the battery 55 at an appropriate temperature by executing the vehicle-mounted equipment cooling operation and the vehicle-mounted equipment heating operation as described above. In addition, the interior of the vehicle is heated or assisted by heat medium heat dissipation heating operation, but in an environment where the outside temperature is low, the liquid is contained in the refrigerant flow path 64B of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64.
  • the heat medium immediately after passing through the heat medium heater 66 flows to the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, so that the refrigerant flow path Even if the liquid refrigerant remains in 64B, the residual refrigerant is strongly heated by the high-temperature heat medium heated by the heat medium heating heater 66, and evaporation is promoted. Then, the evaporated refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 2 through the refrigerant pipe 74. As a result, the refrigerant is eliminated from falling into the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64.
  • the air conditioner controller 32 sets the heat medium circulation circuit 61 as the first heat medium circulation mode, and the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 absorbs heat from the refrigerant to cool the battery 55. Since the equipment cooling operation is executed, the heat medium circulation circuit 61 is set to the first heat medium circulation mode, and the vehicle-mounted equipment heating operation for heating the battery 55 by heating the heat medium heating heater 66 is executed. The temperature of the battery 55 can be adjusted to apply.
  • the air conditioning controller 32 sets the heat medium circulation circuit 61 to the second heat medium circulation mode, and executes the heat medium heat dissipation heating operation in which the heat medium radiator 23 heats the vehicle interior by heating the heat medium heating heater 66. Therefore, it is possible to heat the interior of the vehicle by using the heat medium heating heater 66 for adjusting the temperature of the battery 55, which saves space by reducing the number of heating devices such as electric heaters. It will be possible to reduce costs.
  • the heat medium that has passed through the heat medium heater 66 is configured to flow to the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, in order to cool the battery 55 in the heating operation or the cooling operation as in the embodiment.
  • the refrigerant circulated in the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 remains in the refrigerant flow path 64B of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger in a low outside temperature environment, the refrigerant passes through the heat medium heater 66. Immediately after, the heat medium can strongly heat the residual refrigerant to promote evaporation.
  • the heat medium radiator 23 is arranged on the windward side of the radiator 4, the air having a relatively low temperature before being heated by the radiator 4 can be heated by the heat medium. Become. As a result, it is possible to smoothly realize heating assistance in the vehicle interior without using a high-output heat medium heater 66.
  • the above invention is particularly effective when controlling the temperature of the battery that supplies power to the compressor 2.
  • FIG. 5 shows the internal configuration of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 of another embodiment of the vehicle air conditioner 1.
  • those shown by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 4 are assumed to have the same or similar functions.
  • the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 and the heat medium heating heater 66 shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4 are integrated. That is, the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 in this case is configured by laminating a plurality of plates, and the above-mentioned heat medium flow path 64A and the adjacent refrigerant flow path 64B in a heat exchange relationship are formed therein. It is composed of a refrigerant-heat medium heat exchange unit 81 and a heat medium heating unit 82 incorporating a heat medium heating heater 66, and the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchange unit 81 and the heat medium heating unit 82 are integrally configured. There is.
  • a heat medium heating heater 66 is inserted into the heat medium heating unit 82, a heat medium inlet 82A is formed at the upper end of the heat medium heating unit 82, and a heat medium pipe 68A is connected to the heat medium inlet 82A. Will be done.
  • a communication portion 82B communicating with the heat medium flow path 64A is formed at the lower end of the heat medium heating unit 82, and the heat medium that enters from the heat medium inlet 82A and passes around the heat medium heating heater 66 flows through the heat medium.
  • the structure is such that it flows out to the road 64A.
  • the heat medium pipe 68C is connected to the heat medium outlet 81A of the heat medium flow path 64A of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchange unit 81, the branch pipe 72 is connected to the refrigerant inlet 81B of the refrigerant flow path 64B, and the refrigerant outlet 81C is connected.
  • the refrigerant pipe 74 will be connected.
  • the battery 55 is taken up as a vehicle-mounted device, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention is also effective for an electric motor for traveling, an inverter device for driving the electric motor, and the like in inventions other than claim 7.
  • the configuration of the air conditioning controller 32 described in the examples, the configuration of the heat pump device HP of the vehicle air conditioner 1 and the configuration of the heat medium circulation circuit 61 are not limited thereto, and are changed within a range not deviating from the gist of the present invention. It goes without saying that it is possible.
  • Vehicle air conditioner Compressor 4 Heat exchanger (indoor heat exchanger) 6 Outdoor expansion valve 7 Outdoor heat exchanger 8 Indoor expansion valve 9 Heat absorber (indoor heat exchanger) 23 Heat medium radiator 32 Air conditioning controller (control device) 55 Battery (Vehicle-mounted equipment) 60 Three-way valve (flow path switching device) 61 Heat medium circulation circuit 62 Circulation pump (circulation device) 64 Refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 66 Heat medium heater (heating device) 68 Heat medium piping 72 Branch piping 73 Auxiliary expansion valve

Abstract

The present invention prevents reduction of air-conditioning performance while reducing heating devices in a vehicle air-conditioner capable of adjusting the temperature of a battery. A heat medium circulation circuit (61) has: a circulation pump (62) that circulates a heat medium; a refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger (64) for exchanging heat between a refrigerant and the heat medium; a heat medium heating heater (66) that heats the heat medium; a heat medium radiator (23) that exchanges heat between the heat medium and air supplied into a cabin; and a three-way valve (60) for switching the flow of the heat medium between a battery (55) and the heat medium radiator (23). The heat medium passed through the heat medium heating heater (66) is supplied to the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger (64), and the heat medium passed through the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger (64) is supplied to the heat medium radiator (23) of the battery (55).

Description

車両用空気調和装置Vehicle air conditioner
　本発明は、車両の車室内を空調するヒートポンプ方式の空気調和装置、特に車両に搭載された機器の温度を調整可能とされた車両用空気調和装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a heat pump type air conditioner for air-conditioning the interior of a vehicle, particularly a vehicle air conditioner capable of adjusting the temperature of equipment mounted on the vehicle.
　近年の環境問題の顕在化から、車両に搭載されたバッテリから供給される電力で走行用モータを駆動するハイブリッド自動車や電気自動車等の車両が普及するに至っている。そして、このような車両に適用することができる空気調和装置として、圧縮機と、放熱器と、吸熱器と、室外熱交換器が接続された冷媒回路を備え、圧縮機から吐出された冷媒を放熱器において放熱させ、この放熱器において放熱した冷媒を室外熱交換器において吸熱させることで車室内を暖房し、圧縮機から吐出された冷媒を室外熱交換器において放熱させ、吸熱器において吸熱させることで車室内を冷房するものが開発されている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 Due to the emergence of environmental problems in recent years, vehicles such as hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles that drive a traction motor with the power supplied from the battery mounted on the vehicle have become widespread. Then, as an air conditioner that can be applied to such a vehicle, a refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a radiator, a heat absorber, and an outdoor heat exchanger are connected is provided, and the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is provided. The heat is dissipated in the radiator, and the refrigerant dissipated in this radiator is absorbed in the outdoor heat exchanger to heat the vehicle interior. The refrigerant discharged from the compressor is dissipated in the outdoor heat exchanger and absorbed in the heat exchanger. As a result, a vehicle interior has been developed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
　一方、バッテリ（車両搭載機器）は低温環境下では充放電性能が低下する。また、自己発熱等で高温となった環境下で充放電を行うと、劣化が進行し、やがては作動不良を起こして破損する危険性もある。そこで、冷媒回路を循環する冷媒と熱交換して冷却された熱媒体（冷却水）や、加熱装置で加熱されたを熱媒体をバッテリに循環させることでバッテリの温度を調整することができるようにしたものも開発されている（例えば、特許文献２、特許文献３参照）。 On the other hand, the charge / discharge performance of batteries (vehicle-mounted equipment) deteriorates in a low temperature environment. Further, if charging / discharging is performed in an environment where the temperature is high due to self-heating or the like, deterioration progresses, and there is a risk that the product will eventually malfunction and be damaged. Therefore, the temperature of the battery can be adjusted by circulating the heat medium (cooling water) cooled by exchanging heat with the refrigerant circulating in the refrigerant circuit or the heat medium heated by the heating device to the battery. Has also been developed (see, for example, Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3).
特開２０１４－２１３７６５号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-213765 特許第５６６８７００号公報Japanese Patent No. 5668700 特許第５４４０４２６号公報Japanese Patent No. 5440426
　ここで、上記特許文献１のようにこの種車両用空気調和装置には、車室内の暖房補助を行う等のために電気ヒータで熱媒体を加熱し、この加熱された熱媒体で車室内に供給される空気を加熱する熱媒体循環回路から成る補助加熱装置が設けられる。これに加えて、上記特許文献３の如くバッテリを加熱する熱媒体循環回路（冷却水循環回路）を設けた場合、装置が大型化して製造コストが増大する問題が生じる。 Here, as in Patent Document 1, in this type of vehicle air conditioner, a heat medium is heated by an electric heater to assist heating in the vehicle interior, and the heated heat medium is used in the vehicle interior. An auxiliary heating device including a heat medium circulation circuit for heating the supplied air is provided. In addition to this, when a heat medium circulation circuit (cooling water circulation circuit) for heating the battery is provided as in Patent Document 3, there arises a problem that the apparatus becomes large and the manufacturing cost increases.
　そこで、バッテリ温調用の加熱装置で加熱された熱媒体と車室内に供給される空気を熱交換させる熱交換器を設け、この熱交換器とバッテリに切り換えて熱媒体を循環させることで、加熱装置によりバッテリ加熱と車室内暖房の双方を行えるようにすることが考えられる。 Therefore, a heat exchanger is provided to exchange heat between the heat medium heated by the heating device for controlling the battery temperature and the air supplied to the passenger compartment, and the heat exchanger is switched to the battery to circulate the heat medium for heating. It is conceivable that the device can perform both battery heating and vehicle interior heating.
　一方、特許文献２のように冷媒を用いて熱媒体を冷却する場合、外気温が低い環境下では、冷媒と熱媒体を熱交換させる冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器（電池用熱交換器）内に液冷媒が残留し、圧縮機の吸入圧力と外気温の飽和圧力が近くなると、冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器内の液冷媒が蒸発できずに寝込んでしまい空調性能が低下してしまうという問題もあった。 On the other hand, when the heat medium is cooled by using a refrigerant as in Patent Document 2, in an environment where the outside temperature is low, the inside of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger (heat exchanger for batteries) that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the heat medium. If the liquid refrigerant remains in the refrigerant and the suction pressure of the compressor and the saturation pressure of the outside temperature become close to each other, the liquid refrigerant in the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger cannot evaporate and falls asleep, resulting in deterioration of air conditioning performance. There was also.
　本発明は、係る従来の技術的課題を解決するために成されたものであり、車両搭載機器を温調可能とされた車両用空気調和装置において、加熱装置の削減を図りながら、空調性能の低下も防ぐことを目的とする。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional technical problems, and in an air conditioner for a vehicle capable of controlling the temperature of a vehicle-mounted device, the air conditioning performance is improved while reducing the number of heating devices. The purpose is to prevent the decline.
　本発明の車両用空気調和装置は、冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機と、冷媒と車室内に供給する空気を熱交換させる室内熱交換器と、車室外に設けられた室外熱交換器と、制御装置を備えて車室内を空調するものであって、車両搭載機器に熱媒体を循環させる熱媒体循環回路を備え、この熱媒体循環回路は、熱媒体を循環させる循環装置と、冷媒と熱媒体を熱交換させるための冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器と、熱媒体を加熱する加熱装置と、熱媒体と車室内に供給する空気を熱交換させる熱媒体放熱器と、熱媒体を車両搭載機器に流すか、熱媒体放熱器に流すかを切り換える流路切換装置を有して、加熱装置を経た熱媒体が冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器に流れるように構成されており、制御装置は、加熱装置を経た熱媒体を冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器に流し、この冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器を経た熱媒体を車両搭載機器に流す第１の熱媒体循環モードと、加熱装置を経た熱媒体を冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器に流し、この冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器を経た熱媒体を熱媒体放熱器に流す第２の熱媒体循環モードを有することを特徴とする。 The vehicle air conditioner of the present invention includes a compressor that compresses the refrigerant, an indoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the air supplied to the vehicle interior, an outdoor heat exchanger provided outside the vehicle interior, and a control device. The vehicle interior is air-conditioned, and the vehicle-mounted equipment is provided with a heat medium circulation circuit that circulates the heat medium. The heat medium circulation circuit includes a circulation device that circulates the heat medium, and a refrigerant and a heat medium. Coolant for heat exchange-heat medium heat exchanger, heating device for heating the heat medium, heat medium radiator for heat exchange between the heat medium and the air supplied to the passenger compartment, and the heat medium flowing to the vehicle-mounted equipment It has a flow path switching device that switches whether to flow through the heat medium radiator, and is configured so that the heat medium that has passed through the heating device flows through the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger, and the control device controls the heating device. The first heat medium circulation mode in which the passed heat medium is passed through the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger and the heat medium passed through the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger is passed through the vehicle-mounted equipment, and the heat medium passed through the heating device is passed through the refrigerant-. It is characterized by having a second heat medium circulation mode in which the heat medium is passed through a heat medium heat exchanger and the heat medium that has passed through the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger is passed through the heat medium radiator.
　請求項２の発明の車両用空気調和装置は、上記発明において制御装置は、熱媒体循環回路を第１の熱媒体循環モードとし、冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器で冷媒を吸熱させることで車両搭載機器を冷却する車両搭載機器冷却運転を実行することを特徴とする。 In the vehicle air conditioner according to the second aspect of the present invention, in the above invention, the control device is mounted on the vehicle by setting the heat medium circulation circuit to the first heat medium circulation mode and absorbing the refrigerant with the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger. It is characterized by performing a vehicle-mounted equipment cooling operation for cooling the equipment.
　請求項３の発明の車両用空気調和装置は、上記各発明において制御装置は、熱媒体循環回路を第１の熱媒体循環モードとし、加熱装置を発熱させることで車両搭載機器を加熱する車両搭載機器加熱運転を実行することを特徴とする。 In the vehicle-mounted air conditioner according to the third aspect of the present invention, in each of the above inventions, the control device sets the heat medium circulation circuit as the first heat medium circulation mode and heats the heating device to heat the vehicle-mounted equipment. It is characterized by performing an equipment heating operation.
　請求項４の発明の車両用空気調和装置は、上記各発明において制御装置は、熱媒体循環回路を第２の熱媒体循環モードとし、加熱装置を発熱させることで熱媒体放熱器により車室内を暖房する熱媒体放熱暖房運転を実行することを特徴とする。 In the vehicle air conditioner according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in each of the above inventions, the control device sets the heat medium circulation circuit to the second heat medium circulation mode, heats the heating device, and heats the heat medium radiator to create a vehicle interior. It is characterized by executing a heat medium heat dissipation heating operation for heating.
　請求項５の発明の車両用空気調和装置は、上記各発明において制御装置は、圧縮機から吐出された冷媒を室内熱交換器にて放熱させることで車室内を暖房する暖房運転を実行すると共に、熱媒体放熱器は、車室内に供給する空気の流通路において、室内熱交換器の風上側に配置されていることを特徴とする。 In the vehicle air conditioner according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, in each of the above inventions, the control device executes a heating operation for heating the vehicle interior by dissipating the refrigerant discharged from the compressor with the indoor heat exchanger. The heat medium radiator is characterized in that it is arranged on the wind side of the indoor heat exchanger in the air flow path supplied to the vehicle interior.
　請求項６の発明の車両用空気調和装置は、上記各発明において室内熱交換器としての放熱器及び吸熱器を備え、制御装置は、圧縮機から吐出された冷媒を放熱器にて放熱させ、室外熱交換器及び／又は冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器にて吸熱させることで車室内を暖房する暖房運転と、圧縮機から吐出された冷媒を室外熱交換器にて放熱させ、吸熱器にて吸熱させることで車室内を冷房する冷房運転を実行すると共に、暖房運転及び／又は冷房運転において、冷媒を冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器で吸熱させることにより、車両搭載機器を冷却可能とされていることを特徴とする。 The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 6 includes a radiator and a heat absorber as indoor heat exchangers in each of the above inventions, and the control device dissipates the refrigerant discharged from the compressor with the radiator. A heating operation that heats the passenger compartment by absorbing heat with an outdoor heat exchanger and / or a refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger, and a heat exchanger that dissipates the refrigerant discharged from the compressor with the outdoor heat exchanger. It is possible to cool the equipment mounted on the vehicle by executing the cooling operation of cooling the vehicle interior by absorbing heat and absorbing the refrigerant with the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger in the heating operation and / or the cooling operation. It is characterized by that.
　請求項７の発明の車両用空気調和装置は、上記各発明において車両搭載機器は、圧縮機に給電するバッテリであることを特徴とする。 The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 7 is characterized in that, in each of the above inventions, the vehicle-mounted device is a battery that supplies power to the compressor.
　請求項８の発明の車両用空気調和装置は、上記各発明において冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器と加熱装置が一体に構成されていることを特徴とする。 The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 8 is characterized in that, in each of the above inventions, the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger and the heating device are integrally configured.
　本発明によれば、冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機と、冷媒と車室内に供給する空気を熱交換させる室内熱交換器と、車室外に設けられた室外熱交換器と、制御装置を備えて車室内を空調する車両用空気調和装置において、車両搭載機器に熱媒体を循環させる熱媒体循環回路を設け、この熱媒体循環回路が、熱媒体を循環させる循環装置と、冷媒と熱媒体を熱交換させるための冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器と、熱媒体を加熱する加熱装置と、熱媒体と車室内に供給する空気を熱交換させる熱媒体放熱器と、熱媒体を車両搭載機器に流すか、熱媒体放熱器に流すかを切り換える流路切換装置を有しており、制御装置に、加熱装置を経た熱媒体を冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器に流し、この冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器を経た熱媒体を車両搭載機器に流す第１の熱媒体循環モードと、加熱装置を経た熱媒体を冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器に流し、この冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器を経た熱媒体を熱媒体放熱器に流す第２の熱媒体循環モードを設けているので、例えば、請求項２の発明の如く熱媒体循環回路を第１の熱媒体循環モードとし、冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器で冷媒を吸熱させることで車両搭載機器を冷却する車両搭載機器冷却運転を実行し、請求項３の発明の如く熱媒体循環回路を第１の熱媒体循環モードとし、加熱装置を発熱させることで車両搭載機器を加熱する車両搭載機器加熱運転を実行することで、車両搭載機器の温度を調整することができるようになる。 According to the present invention, the vehicle is provided with a compressor for compressing the refrigerant, an indoor heat exchanger for heat exchange between the refrigerant and the air supplied to the passenger compartment, an outdoor heat exchanger provided outside the passenger compartment, and a control device. In a vehicle air conditioner that air-conditions a room, a heat medium circulation circuit that circulates a heat medium is provided in a vehicle-mounted device, and this heat medium circulation circuit exchanges heat between a circulation device that circulates the heat medium and a refrigerant and a heat medium. A refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger to heat the heat medium, a heating device to heat the heat medium, a heat medium radiator to exchange heat between the heat medium and the air supplied to the passenger compartment, and the heat medium to be passed through the vehicle-mounted equipment. It has a flow path switching device that switches whether to flow through the heat medium radiator, and the heat medium that has passed through the heating device is passed through the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger in the control device, and passed through this refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger. In the first heat medium circulation mode in which the heat medium is passed through the vehicle-mounted equipment, the heat medium that has passed through the heating device is passed through the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger, and the heat medium that has passed through this refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger is dissipated by the heat medium. Since the second heat medium circulation mode is provided to flow through the vessel, for example, as in the invention of claim 2, the heat medium circulation circuit is set to the first heat medium circulation mode, and the refrigerant absorbs heat with the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger. The vehicle-mounted equipment is cooled by executing the vehicle-mounted equipment cooling operation, the heat medium circulation circuit is set to the first heat medium circulation mode as in the invention of claim 3, and the vehicle-mounted equipment is heated by generating heat. Vehicle-mounted equipment to be heated By executing the heating operation, the temperature of the vehicle-mounted equipment can be adjusted.
　また、請求項４の発明の如く熱媒体循環回路を第２の熱媒体循環モードとし、加熱装置を発熱させることで熱媒体放熱器により車室内を暖房する熱媒体放熱暖房運転を実行することで、車両搭載機器の温度を調整するための加熱装置を利用して、車室内の暖房も行うことができるようになり、加熱装置の削減による省スペース化とコストの低減を図ることができるようになる。 Further, as in the invention of claim 4, the heat medium circulation circuit is set to the second heat medium circulation mode, and the heat medium heat dissipation heating operation for heating the vehicle interior by the heat medium radiator by heating the heating device is executed. , It will be possible to heat the interior of the vehicle by using a heating device for adjusting the temperature of the equipment mounted on the vehicle, and it will be possible to save space and reduce costs by reducing the number of heating devices. Become.
　特に、本発明では加熱装置を経た熱媒体が冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器に流れるように構成しているので、請求項６の発明の如き暖房運転や冷房運転で車両搭載機器を冷却するために冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器に流通された冷媒が、低外気温環境下で当該冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器内に残留している場合に、加熱装置を経た直後の熱媒体、即ち、車両搭載機器や熱媒体放熱器と熱交換する前の熱媒体によって当該残留冷媒を強力に加熱し、蒸発の促進を図ることができるようになる。これにより、冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器内に冷媒が寝込んで循環冷媒量が減少してしまい、車室内の空調性能が低下する不都合を効果的に回避することが可能となる。 In particular, in the present invention, since the heat medium that has passed through the heating device is configured to flow to the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger, in order to cool the vehicle-mounted equipment in the heating operation or the cooling operation as in the invention of claim 6. Refrigerant-heat medium When the refrigerant circulated in the heat exchanger remains in the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger in a low outside temperature environment, the heat medium immediately after passing through the heating device, that is, mounted on the vehicle The residual refrigerant can be strongly heated by the heat medium before heat exchange with the equipment or heat medium radiator to promote evaporation. As a result, it is possible to effectively avoid the inconvenience that the refrigerant falls into the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger and the amount of circulating refrigerant decreases, resulting in deterioration of the air conditioning performance in the vehicle interior.
　また、請求項５の発明の如く室内熱交換器にて車室内を暖房する暖房運転を実行する場合に、熱媒体放熱器を、車室内に供給する空気の流通路において、室内熱交換器の風上側に配置することで、室内熱交換器により加熱される前の比較的温度が低い空気を熱媒体によって加熱することができるようになる。これにより、高出力の加熱装置を用いること無く、円滑に車室内の暖房補助を実現することが可能となる。 Further, when the heating operation for heating the passenger compartment is executed by the indoor heat exchanger as in the invention of claim 5, the heat medium radiator is installed in the air flow passage for supplying the passenger compartment to the indoor heat exchanger. By arranging it on the wind side, it becomes possible to heat air having a relatively low temperature before being heated by the indoor heat exchanger by a heat medium. As a result, it is possible to smoothly realize heating assistance in the vehicle interior without using a high-power heating device.
　以上の発明は特に車両搭載機器が、圧縮機に給電するバッテリであるときに有効である。 The above invention is particularly effective when the vehicle-mounted device is a battery that supplies power to the compressor.
　また、請求項８の発明の如く冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器と加熱装置を一体に構成することで、更なる省スペース化を図ることができるようになるものである。 Further, by integrally configuring the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger and the heating device as in the invention of claim 8, further space saving can be achieved.
本発明を適用した車両用空気調和装置の一実施例の構成図である（暖房運転での第１の熱媒体循環モード：実施例１）。It is a block diagram of one Example of the air conditioner for a vehicle to which this invention is applied (first heat medium circulation mode in heating operation: Example 1). 図１の車両用空気調和装置の制御装置としての空調コントローラのブロック図である。It is a block diagram of the air-conditioning controller as a control device of the air conditioner for a vehicle of FIG. 図２の空調コントローラによる暖房運転での第２の熱媒体循環モードを説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the 2nd heat medium circulation mode in the heating operation by the air-conditioning controller of FIG. 図２の空調コントローラによる冷房運転での第１の熱媒体循環モードを説明する図である。It is a figure explaining the 1st heat medium circulation mode in the cooling operation by the air-conditioning controller of FIG. 本発明の他の実施例の冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器の内部構成を示す図である（実施例２）。It is a figure which shows the internal structure of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger of another Example of this invention (Example 2).
　以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面に基づき詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
　図１は本発明を適用した一実施例の車両用空気調和装置１の構成図を示している。本発明を適用する実施例の車両は、エンジン（内燃機関）が搭載されていない電気自動車（ＥＶ）であって、車両にバッテリ５５（例えば、リチウムイオンバッテリ）が搭載され、外部電源からバッテリ５５に充電された電力を走行用モータ（電動モータ）に供給することで駆動し、走行するものである。そして、車両用空気調和装置１も、バッテリ５５から給電されて駆動されるものである。 FIG. 1 shows a configuration diagram of an air conditioner 1 for a vehicle according to an embodiment to which the present invention is applied. The vehicle of the embodiment to which the present invention is applied is an electric vehicle (EV) in which an engine (internal engine) is not mounted, and the vehicle is equipped with a battery 55 (for example, a lithium ion battery), and the battery 55 is supplied from an external power source. It is driven and traveled by supplying the electric power charged to the traveling motor (electric motor). The vehicle air conditioner 1 is also driven by being supplied with power from the battery 55.
　即ち、車両用空気調和装置１は、エンジン廃熱による暖房ができない電気自動車において、冷媒回路Ｒを有するヒートポンプ装置ＨＰにより暖房運転を行い、更に、除湿暖房運転や、除湿冷房運転、冷房運転の各空調運転を選択的に実行することで、車室内の空調を行うものである。尚、車両として係る電気自動車に限らず、エンジンと走行用の電動モータを供用する所謂ハイブリッド自動車にも本発明が有効であることは云うまでもない。 That is, the vehicle air conditioner 1 performs heating operation by the heat pump device HP having a refrigerant circuit R in an electric vehicle that cannot be heated by waste heat of the engine, and further, dehumidifying and heating operation, dehumidifying and cooling operation, and cooling operation. By selectively executing the air conditioning operation, the interior of the vehicle is air-conditioned. Needless to say, the present invention is effective not only for the electric vehicle as a vehicle but also for a so-called hybrid vehicle that uses an engine and an electric motor for traveling.
　実施例の車両用空気調和装置１は、電気自動車の車室内の空調（暖房、冷房、除湿、及び、換気）を行うものであり、バッテリ５５から給電されて冷媒を圧縮する電動式の圧縮機（電動圧縮機）２と、車室内空気が通気循環されるＨＶＡＣユニット１０の空気流通路３内に設けられ、圧縮機２から吐出された高温高圧の冷媒が冷媒配管１３Ｇを介して流入し、この冷媒を放熱させて車室内に供給する空気を加熱するための室内熱交換器としての放熱器４と、暖房時に冷媒を減圧膨張させる電動弁から成る室外膨張弁６と、冷房時には冷媒を放熱させる凝縮器として機能し、暖房時には冷媒を吸熱させる蒸発器として機能すべく冷媒と外気との間で熱交換を行わせるための室外熱交換器７と、冷媒を減圧膨張させる電動弁から成る室内膨張弁８と、空気流通路３内に設けられて冷房時（除湿時）に車室内外から冷媒に吸熱させて車室内に供給する空気を冷却するための室内熱交換器としての吸熱器９と、アキュムレータ１２等が冷媒配管１３により順次接続され、ヒートポンプ装置ＨＰの冷媒回路Ｒが構成されている。室外膨張弁６や室内膨張弁８は、冷媒を減圧膨張させると共に、全開や全閉も可能とされている。 The vehicle air conditioner 1 of the embodiment air-conditions (heating, cooling, dehumidifying, and ventilating) the interior of the electric vehicle, and is an electric compressor that is supplied with power from the battery 55 to compress the refrigerant. The (electric compressor) 2 and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 2 are provided in the air flow passage 3 of the HVAC unit 10 through which the vehicle interior air is aerated and circulated, and flow in through the refrigerant pipe 13G. A radiator 4 as an indoor heat exchanger for radiating the refrigerant and heating the air supplied to the vehicle interior, an outdoor expansion valve 6 composed of an electric valve for decompressing and expanding the refrigerant during heating, and a refrigerant for cooling during cooling. A room consisting of an outdoor heat exchanger 7 for exchanging heat between the refrigerant and the outside air so as to function as a condenser to absorb heat of the refrigerant during heating and an electric valve for decompressing and expanding the refrigerant. The expansion valve 8 and the heat exchanger 9 provided in the air flow passage 3 as an indoor heat exchanger for cooling the air supplied to the vehicle interior by absorbing heat from the outside of the vehicle interior to the refrigerant during cooling (during dehumidification). And the accumulator 12 and the like are sequentially connected by the refrigerant pipe 13, and the refrigerant circuit R of the heat pump device HP is configured. The outdoor expansion valve 6 and the indoor expansion valve 8 expand the refrigerant under reduced pressure and can be fully opened or fully closed.
　尚、室外熱交換器７には、室外送風機１５が設けられている。この室外送風機１５は、室外熱交換器７に外気を強制的に通風することにより、外気と冷媒とを熱交換させるものであり、これにより停車中（即ち、車速が０ｋｍ／ｈ）にも室外熱交換器７に外気が通風されるよう構成されている。 The outdoor heat exchanger 7 is provided with an outdoor blower 15. The outdoor blower 15 forcibly ventilates the outdoor air to the outdoor heat exchanger 7 to exchange heat between the outside air and the refrigerant, whereby the outdoor air is outdoors even when the vehicle is stopped (that is, the vehicle speed is 0 km / h). The heat exchanger 7 is configured to ventilate outside air.
　また、室外熱交換器７の冷媒出口側に接続された冷媒配管１３Ａは、逆止弁１８を介して冷媒配管１３Ｂに接続されている。尚、逆止弁１８は冷媒配管１３Ｂ側が順方向とされ、この冷媒配管１３Ｂは室内膨張弁８に接続されている。 Further, the refrigerant pipe 13A connected to the refrigerant outlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is connected to the refrigerant pipe 13B via the check valve 18. The check valve 18 has a forward direction on the refrigerant pipe 13B side, and the refrigerant pipe 13B is connected to the indoor expansion valve 8.
　また、室外熱交換器７から出た冷媒配管１３Ａは分岐しており、この分岐した冷媒配管１３Ｄは、暖房時に開放される電磁弁２１を介して吸熱器９の出口側に位置する冷媒配管１３Ｃに連通接続されている。そして、この冷媒配管１３Ｄの接続点より下流側の冷媒配管１３Ｃに逆止弁２０が接続され、この逆止弁２０より下流側の冷媒配管１３Ｃがアキュムレータ１２に接続され、アキュムレータ１２は圧縮機２の冷媒吸込側に接続されている。尚、逆止弁２０はアキュムレータ１２側が順方向とされている。 Further, the refrigerant pipe 13A coming out of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is branched, and the branched refrigerant pipe 13D is the refrigerant pipe 13C located on the outlet side of the heat absorber 9 via the solenoid valve 21 opened during heating. It is connected to. Then, the check valve 20 is connected to the refrigerant pipe 13C downstream from the connection point of the refrigerant pipe 13D, the refrigerant pipe 13C downstream from the check valve 20 is connected to the accumulator 12, and the accumulator 12 is the compressor 2. It is connected to the refrigerant suction side of. The check valve 20 has the accumulator 12 side in the forward direction.
　更に、放熱器４の出口側の冷媒配管１３Ｅは室外膨張弁６の手前（冷媒上流側）で冷媒配管１３Ｊと冷媒配管１３Ｆに分岐しており、分岐した一方の冷媒配管１３Ｊが室外膨張弁６を介して室外熱交換器７の冷媒入口側に接続されている。また、分岐した他方の冷媒配管１３Ｆは除湿時に開放される電磁弁２２を介して逆止弁１８の冷媒下流側であって、室内膨張弁８の冷媒上流側に位置する冷媒配管１３Ｂに連通接続されている。 Further, the refrigerant pipe 13E on the outlet side of the radiator 4 is branched into the refrigerant pipe 13J and the refrigerant pipe 13F in front of the outdoor expansion valve 6 (on the upstream side of the refrigerant), and one of the branched refrigerant pipes 13J is the outdoor expansion valve 6 It is connected to the refrigerant inlet side of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 via. Further, the other branched refrigerant pipe 13F is connected to the refrigerant pipe 13B located on the refrigerant downstream side of the check valve 18 and located on the refrigerant upstream side of the indoor expansion valve 8 via the solenoid valve 22 opened during dehumidification. Has been done.
　これにより、冷媒配管１３Ｆは室外膨張弁６、室外熱交換器７及び逆止弁１８の直列回路に対して並列に接続されたかたちとなり、室外膨張弁６、室外熱交換器７及び逆止弁１８をバイパスする回路となる。 As a result, the refrigerant pipe 13F is connected in parallel to the series circuit of the outdoor expansion valve 6, the outdoor heat exchanger 7, and the check valve 18, and the outdoor expansion valve 6, the outdoor heat exchanger 7, and the check valve are connected in parallel. It is a circuit that bypasses 18.
　また、吸熱器９の空気上流側における空気流通路３には、外気吸込口と内気吸込口の各吸込口が形成されており（図１では吸込口２５で代表して示す）、この吸込口２５には空気流通路３内に導入する空気を車室内の空気である内気（内気循環）と、車室外の空気である外気（外気導入）とに切り換える吸込切換ダンパ２６が設けられている。更に、この吸込切換ダンパ２６の空気下流側には、導入した内気や外気を空気流通路３に送給するための室内送風機（ブロワファン）２７が設けられている。 Further, in the air flow passage 3 on the air upstream side of the heat absorber 9, each suction port of the outside air suction port and the inside air suction port is formed (represented by the suction port 25 in FIG. 1), and this suction port is formed. The suction switching damper 26 for switching the air introduced into the air flow passage 3 into the inside air (inside air circulation), which is the air inside the vehicle interior, and the outside air (outside air introduction), which is the air outside the vehicle interior, is provided. Further, an indoor blower fan 27 for supplying the introduced inside air and outside air to the air flow passage 3 is provided on the air downstream side of the suction switching damper 26.
　また、図１において２３は補助加熱装置としての熱媒体放熱器である。この熱媒体放熱器２３は実施例では空気流通路３の空気の流れに対して、放熱器４の風上側となる空気流通路３内に設けられている。そして、熱媒体放熱器２３に後述する如く加熱された熱媒体が循環されることで、車室内の暖房や暖房補助を行うことができるように構成されている。 Further, in FIG. 1, 23 is a heat medium radiator as an auxiliary heating device. In the embodiment, the heat medium radiator 23 is provided in the air flow passage 3 which is on the windward side of the radiator 4 with respect to the air flow in the air flow passage 3. Then, the heated heat medium is circulated in the heat medium radiator 23 as described later, so that the interior of the vehicle can be heated and heating assistance can be performed.
　また、放熱器４の空気上流側における空気流通路３内には、当該空気流通路３内に流入し、吸熱器９を通過した後の空気流通路３内の空気（内気や外気）を熱媒体放熱器２３及び放熱器４に通風する割合を調整するエアミックスダンパ２８が設けられている。更に、放熱器４の空気下流側における空気流通路３には、ＦＯＯＴ（フット）、ＶＥＮＴ（ベント）、ＤＥＦ（デフ）の各吹出口（図１では代表して吹出口２９で示す）が形成されており、この吹出口２９には上記各吹出口から空気の吹き出しを切換制御する吹出口切換ダンパ３１が設けられている。 Further, in the air flow passage 3 on the air upstream side of the radiator 4, the air (inside air or outside air) in the air flow passage 3 after flowing into the air flow passage 3 and passing through the heat absorber 9 is heated. An air mix damper 28 for adjusting the ratio of ventilation to the medium radiator 23 and the radiator 4 is provided. Further, FOOT (foot), VENT (vent), and DEF (diff) outlets (represented by outlet 29 in FIG. 1) are formed in the air flow passage 3 on the air downstream side of the radiator 4. The outlet 29 is provided with an outlet switching damper 31 that switches and controls the blowing of air from each of the outlets.
　更に、車両用空気調和装置１は、バッテリ５５に熱媒体を循環させて当該バッテリ５５の温度を調整するための熱媒体循環回路６１を備えている。即ち、実施例においてはバッテリ５５が本発明での車両搭載機器となる。 Further, the vehicle air conditioner 1 includes a heat medium circulation circuit 61 for circulating a heat medium in the battery 55 to adjust the temperature of the battery 55. That is, in the embodiment, the battery 55 is the vehicle-mounted device according to the present invention.
　この実施例の熱媒体循環回路６１は、循環装置としての循環ポンプ６２と、冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４と、ＰＴＣヒータ等の電気ヒータから構成される加熱装置としての熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６と、流路切換装置としての三方弁６０と、前述した熱媒体放熱器２３を備え、それらとバッテリ５５が熱媒体配管６８にて接続されている。 The heat medium circulation circuit 61 of this embodiment includes a circulation pump 62 as a circulation device, a refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, and a heat medium heater 66 as a heating device including an electric heater such as a PTC heater. A three-way valve 60 as a flow path switching device and the heat medium radiator 23 described above are provided, and the battery 55 is connected to them by a heat medium pipe 68.
　実施例の場合、循環ポンプ６２の吐出側に熱媒体配管６８Ａが接続され、この熱媒体配管６８Ａは熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６の入口に接続されている。熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６の出口は熱媒体配管６８Ｂが接続され、この熱媒体配管６８Ｂは冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４の熱媒体流路６４Ａの入口に接続されている。そして、この熱媒体流路６４Ａの出口に熱媒体配管６８Ｃが接続され、この熱媒体配管６８Ｃは三方弁６０の入口に接続されている。 In the case of the embodiment, the heat medium pipe 68A is connected to the discharge side of the circulation pump 62, and the heat medium pipe 68A is connected to the inlet of the heat medium heater 66. A heat medium pipe 68B is connected to the outlet of the heat medium heater 66, and the heat medium pipe 68B is connected to the inlet of the heat medium flow path 64A of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64. A heat medium pipe 68C is connected to the outlet of the heat medium flow path 64A, and the heat medium pipe 68C is connected to the inlet of the three-way valve 60.
　この三方弁６０の一方の出口は熱媒体配管６８Ｄに接続され、この熱媒体配管６８Ｄはバッテリ５５の入口に接続されている。そして、バッテリ５５の出口は熱媒体配管６８Ｅに接続され、熱媒体配管６８Ｅは循環ポンプ６２の吸込側に接続されている。三方弁６０の他方の出口は熱媒体配管６８Ｆに接続され、熱媒体配管６８Ｆは熱媒体放熱器２３の入口に接続されている。この熱媒体放熱器２３の出口は熱媒体配管６８Ｇに接続され、この熱媒体配管６８Ｇは熱媒体配管６８Ｅに連通接続されている。 One outlet of the three-way valve 60 is connected to the heat medium pipe 68D, and the heat medium pipe 68D is connected to the inlet of the battery 55. The outlet of the battery 55 is connected to the heat medium pipe 68E, and the heat medium pipe 68E is connected to the suction side of the circulation pump 62. The other outlet of the three-way valve 60 is connected to the heat medium pipe 68F, and the heat medium pipe 68F is connected to the inlet of the heat medium radiator 23. The outlet of the heat medium radiator 23 is connected to the heat medium pipe 68G, and the heat medium pipe 68G is communicated with the heat medium pipe 68E.
　即ち、熱媒体循環回路６１は、循環ポンプ６２から吐出された熱媒体が熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６を経た後、直ぐに冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４の熱媒体流路６４Ａに流入するように構成されている。そして、これら循環ポンプ６２、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６、及び、冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４の直列回路の次に、バッテリ５５と熱媒体放熱器２３の並列回路が接続された構成とされている。 That is, the heat medium circulation circuit 61 is configured so that the heat medium discharged from the circulation pump 62 immediately flows into the heat medium flow path 64A of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 after passing through the heat medium heater 66. ing. Then, next to the series circuit of the circulation pump 62, the heat medium heater 66, and the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, the parallel circuit of the battery 55 and the heat medium radiator 23 is connected. ..
　この熱媒体循環回路６１で使用される熱媒体としては、例えば水、ＨＦＯ－１２３４ｙｆのような冷媒、クーラント等の液体、空気等の気体が採用可能である。尚、実施例では水を熱媒体として採用している。また、バッテリ５５の周囲には例えば熱媒体が当該バッテリ５５と熱交換関係で流通可能なジャケット構造が施されているものとする。 As the heat medium used in the heat medium circulation circuit 61, for example, water, a refrigerant such as HFO-1234yf, a liquid such as coolant, or a gas such as air can be adopted. In the embodiment, water is used as a heat medium. Further, it is assumed that, for example, a jacket structure is provided around the battery 55 so that a heat medium can circulate with the battery 55 in a heat exchange relationship.
　後述する空調コントローラ３２（制御装置）は熱媒体循環回路６１の熱媒体循環モードとして、以下に説明する第１の熱媒体循環モードと第２の熱媒体循環モードを有している。
　（１）第１の熱媒体循環モード
　即ち、三方弁６０が入口と一方の出口を連通する状態に切り換えられているときに、循環ポンプ６２が運転されると、図１に実線矢印で示す如く、循環ポンプ６２から吐出された熱媒体は熱媒体配管６８Ａ、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６、熱媒体配管６８Ｂ、冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４の熱媒体流路６４Ａ、熱媒体配管６８Ｃ、三方弁６０、熱媒体配管６８Ｄ、バッテリ５５、熱媒体配管６８Ｅの順に流れて循環ポンプ６２に吸い込まれる循環を行う。これが第１の熱媒体循環モードである。 The air conditioning controller 32 (control device) described later has a first heat medium circulation mode and a second heat medium circulation mode described below as the heat medium circulation mode of the heat medium circulation circuit 61.
(1) First heat medium circulation mode That is, when the circulation pump 62 is operated while the three-way valve 60 is switched to a state in which the inlet and one outlet communicate with each other, as shown by the solid line arrow in FIG. The heat medium discharged from the circulation pump 62 is a heat medium pipe 68A, a heat medium heater 66, a heat medium pipe 68B, a heat medium flow path 64A of a refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, a heat medium pipe 68C, and a three-way valve 60. , The heat medium pipe 68D, the battery 55, and the heat medium pipe 68E flow in this order and are sucked into the circulation pump 62. This is the first heat medium circulation mode.
　この第１の熱媒体循環モードでは、後述する如く冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４の熱媒体流路６４Ａで冷媒により吸熱されて冷却された熱媒体はバッテリ５５に循環され、当該バッテリ５５と熱交換してバッテリ５５から廃熱を回収すると共に、バッテリ５５自体は冷却されることになる。更に、後述する如く暖房運転においてこの第１の熱媒体循環モードを実行し、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６を発熱させれば、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６からの熱も冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４で冷媒に回収させ、放熱器４に搬送することができる。 In this first heat medium circulation mode, as will be described later, the heat medium absorbed and cooled by the refrigerant in the heat medium flow path 64A of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 is circulated to the battery 55 and heats with the battery 55. The waste heat is recovered from the battery 55 by replacement, and the battery 55 itself is cooled. Further, as described later, if the first heat medium circulation mode is executed in the heating operation to generate heat of the heat medium heating heater 66, the heat from the heat medium heating heater 66 is also a refrigerant in the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64. Can be collected and transported to the radiator 4.
　また、この第１の熱媒体循環モードでは、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６と、冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４と、バッテリ５５の間で熱媒体が循環されることになるので、後述する如く冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４の冷媒流路６４Ｂで冷媒を吸熱させない状態では、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６を発熱させることにより、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６によってバッテリ５５を加熱することができる。 Further, in this first heat medium circulation mode, the heat medium is circulated between the heat medium heating heater 66, the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, and the battery 55. Therefore, as described later, the refrigerant-. In a state where the refrigerant is not absorbed in the refrigerant flow path 64B of the heat medium heat exchanger 64, the battery 55 can be heated by the heat medium heating heater 66 by generating heat of the heat medium heating heater 66.
　（２）第２の熱媒体循環モード
　また、三方弁６０が入口と他方の出口を連通する状態に切り換えられているときに、循環ポンプ６２が運転されると、図３に実線矢印で示す如く、循環ポンプ６２から吐出された熱媒体は熱媒体配管６８Ａ、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６、熱媒体配管６８Ｂ、冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４の熱媒体流路６４Ａ、熱媒体配管６８Ｃ、三方弁６０、熱媒体配管６８Ｆ、熱媒体放熱器２３、熱媒体配管６８Ｇ、熱媒体配管６８Ｅの順に流れて循環ポンプ６２に吸い込まれる循環を行う。これが第２の熱媒体循環モードである。 (2) Second heat medium circulation mode When the circulation pump 62 is operated while the three-way valve 60 is switched to a state in which the inlet and the other outlet communicate with each other, as shown by the solid line arrow in FIG. The heat medium discharged from the circulation pump 62 is a heat medium pipe 68A, a heat medium heater 66, a heat medium pipe 68B, a heat medium flow path 64A of a refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, a heat medium pipe 68C, and a three-way valve 60. , The heat medium pipe 68F, the heat medium radiator 23, the heat medium pipe 68G, and the heat medium pipe 68E flow in this order and are sucked into the circulation pump 62. This is the second heat medium circulation mode.
　この第２の熱媒体循環モードでは、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６と、冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４と、熱媒体放熱器２３の間で熱媒体が循環されることになるので、後述する如く冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４の冷媒流路６４Ｂで冷媒を吸熱させない状態では、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６を発熱させることにより、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６によって加熱された熱媒体を熱媒体放熱器２３に循環させ、放熱器４に流入する空気を加熱することができる。 In this second heat medium circulation mode, the heat medium is circulated between the heat medium heater 66, the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, and the heat medium radiator 23. Therefore, as described later, the refrigerant -In a state where the refrigerant is not absorbed in the refrigerant flow path 64B of the heat medium heat exchanger 64, the heat medium heated by the heat medium heating heater 66 is circulated to the heat medium radiator 23 by generating heat of the heat medium heating heater 66. The air flowing into the radiator 4 can be heated.
　一方、冷媒回路Ｒの冷媒配管１３Ｆの出口、即ち、冷媒配管１３Ｆと冷媒配管１３Ｂとの接続部の冷媒下流側であって、室内膨張弁８の冷媒上流側に位置する冷媒配管１３Ｂには分岐回路としての分岐配管７２の一端が接続されている。この分岐配管７２には電動弁から構成された補助膨張弁７３が設けられている。この補助膨張弁７３は冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４の前述した冷媒流路６４Ｂに流入する冷媒を減圧膨張させると共に、全閉も可能とされている。 On the other hand, it branches to the outlet of the refrigerant pipe 13F of the refrigerant circuit R, that is, the refrigerant pipe 13B located on the refrigerant downstream side of the connection portion between the refrigerant pipe 13F and the refrigerant pipe 13B and located on the refrigerant upstream side of the indoor expansion valve 8. One end of the branch pipe 72 as a circuit is connected. The branch pipe 72 is provided with an auxiliary expansion valve 73 composed of an electric valve. The auxiliary expansion valve 73 expands the refrigerant flowing into the above-mentioned refrigerant flow path 64B of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 under reduced pressure, and can be fully closed.
　そして、分岐配管７２の他端は冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４の冷媒流路６４Ｂに接続されており、この冷媒流路６４Ｂの出口には冷媒配管７４の一端が接続され、冷媒配管７４の他端は逆止弁２０の冷媒下流側であって、アキュムレータ１２の手前（冷媒上流側）の冷媒配管１３Ｃに接続されている。そして、これら補助膨張弁７３等もヒートポンプ装置ＨＰの冷媒回路Ｒの一部を構成すると同時に、熱媒体循環回路６１の一部をも構成することになる。 The other end of the branch pipe 72 is connected to the refrigerant flow path 64B of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, and one end of the refrigerant pipe 74 is connected to the outlet of the refrigerant flow path 64B to form the refrigerant pipe 74. The other end is on the downstream side of the refrigerant of the check valve 20 and is connected to the refrigerant pipe 13C in front of the accumulator 12 (upstream side of the refrigerant). Then, these auxiliary expansion valves 73 and the like also form a part of the refrigerant circuit R of the heat pump device HP, and at the same time, form a part of the heat medium circulation circuit 61.
　補助膨張弁７３が開いている場合、冷媒配管１３Ｆや室外熱交換器７から出た冷媒（一部又は全ての冷媒）は分岐配管２７に流入し、補助膨張弁７３で減圧された後、冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４の冷媒流路６４Ｂに流入して、そこで蒸発する。冷媒は冷媒流路６４Ｂを流れる過程で熱媒体流路６４Ａを流れる熱媒体から吸熱した後、アキュムレータ１２を経て圧縮機２に吸い込まれることになる。 When the auxiliary expansion valve 73 is open, the refrigerant (part or all of the refrigerant) discharged from the refrigerant pipe 13F and the outdoor heat exchanger 7 flows into the branch pipe 27, is depressurized by the auxiliary expansion valve 73, and then the refrigerant. -It flows into the refrigerant flow path 64B of the heat medium heat exchanger 64 and evaporates there. The refrigerant absorbs heat from the heat medium flowing through the heat medium flow path 64A in the process of flowing through the refrigerant flow path 64B, and then is sucked into the compressor 2 via the accumulator 12.
　（３）空調コントローラ３２
　次に、図２において３２は車両用空気調和装置１の制御を司る制御装置としての空調コントローラ３２である。この空調コントローラ３２は、プロセッサを備えたコンピュータの一例としてのマイクロコンピュータから構成されている。 (3) Air conditioning controller 32
Next, in FIG. 2, reference numeral 32 denotes an air conditioning controller 32 as a control device that controls the vehicle air conditioner 1. The air conditioning controller 32 is composed of a microcomputer as an example of a computer including a processor.
　空調コントローラ３２（制御装置）の入力には、車両の外気温度（Ｔａｍ）を検出する外気温度センサ３３と、外気湿度を検出する外気湿度センサ３４と、吸込口２５から空気流通路３に吸い込まれる空気の温度を検出するＨＶＡＣ吸込温度センサ３６と、車室内の空気（内気）の温度を検出する内気温度センサ３７と、車室内の空気の湿度を検出する内気湿度センサ３８と、車室内の二酸化炭素濃度を検出する室内ＣＯ2濃度センサ３９と、吹出口２９から車室内に吹き出される空気の温度を検出する吹出温度センサ４１と、圧縮機２の吐出冷媒圧力（吐出圧力Ｐｄ）を検出する吐出圧力センサ４２と、圧縮機２の吐出冷媒温度を検出する吐出温度センサ４３と、圧縮機２の吸込冷媒温度を検出する吸込温度センサ４４と、放熱器４の温度（放熱器４を経た空気の温度、又は、放熱器４自体の温度：放熱器温度ＴＣＩ）を検出する放熱器温度センサ４６と、放熱器４の冷媒圧力（放熱器４内、又は、放熱器４を出た直後の冷媒の圧力：放熱器圧力ＰＣＩ）を検出する放熱器圧力センサ４７と、吸熱器９の温度（吸熱器９を経た空気の温度、又は、吸熱器９自体の温度：吸熱器温度Ｔｅ）を検出する吸熱器温度センサ４８と、吸熱器９の冷媒圧力（吸熱器９内、又は、吸熱器９を出た直後の冷媒の圧力）を検出する吸熱器圧力センサ４９と、車室内への日射量を検出するための例えばフォトセンサ式の日射センサ５１と、車両の移動速度（車速）を検出するための車速センサ５２と、設定温度や空調運転の切り換えを設定するための空調操作部５３と、室外熱交換器７の温度（室外熱交換器７から出た直後の冷媒の温度、又は、室外熱交換器７自体の温度：室外熱交換器温度ＴＸＯ。室外熱交換器７が蒸発器として機能するとき、室外熱交換器温度ＴＸＯは室外熱交換器７における冷媒の蒸発温度となる）を検出する室外熱交換器温度センサ５４と、室外熱交換器７の冷媒圧力（室外熱交換器７内、又は、室外熱交換器７から出た直後の冷媒の圧力）を検出する室外熱交換器圧力センサ５６の各出力が接続されている。 The input of the air conditioner controller 32 (control device) is sucked into the air flow passage 3 from the outside air temperature sensor 33 that detects the outside air temperature (Tam) of the vehicle, the outside air humidity sensor 34 that detects the outside air humidity, and the suction port 25. The HVAC suction temperature sensor 36 that detects the temperature of the air, the inside air temperature sensor 37 that detects the temperature of the air (inside air) in the vehicle interior, the inside air humidity sensor 38 that detects the humidity of the air inside the vehicle interior, and the dioxide in the vehicle interior. The indoor CO 2 concentration sensor 39 that detects the carbon concentration, the blowout temperature sensor 41 that detects the temperature of the air blown into the vehicle interior from the blowout port 29, and the discharge refrigerant pressure (discharge pressure Pd) of the compressor 2 are detected. The discharge pressure sensor 42, the discharge temperature sensor 43 that detects the discharge refrigerant temperature of the compressor 2, the suction temperature sensor 44 that detects the suction refrigerant temperature of the compressor 2, and the temperature of the radiator 4 (air that has passed through the radiator 4). The temperature of the radiator 4 or the temperature of the radiator 4 itself: the radiator temperature TCI) and the compressor pressure of the radiator 4 (inside the radiator 4 or immediately after leaving the radiator 4). Pressure: radiator pressure PCI) and a radiator pressure sensor 47 to detect the temperature of the heat absorber 9 (the temperature of the air passing through the heat absorber 9 or the temperature of the heat absorber 9 itself: the heat absorber temperature Te). The heat absorber temperature sensor 48, the heat absorber pressure sensor 49 that detects the refrigerant pressure of the heat absorber 9 (the pressure of the refrigerant in the heat absorber 9 or immediately after leaving the heat absorber 9), and the amount of solar radiation into the vehicle interior. For example, a photosensor type solar radiation sensor 51 for detection, a vehicle speed sensor 52 for detecting the moving speed (vehicle speed) of the vehicle, an air conditioning operation unit 53 for setting a set temperature and switching of air conditioning operation, and an outdoor unit. The temperature of the heat exchanger 7 (the temperature of the refrigerant immediately after exiting the outdoor heat exchanger 7 or the temperature of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 itself: the outdoor heat exchanger temperature TXO. The outdoor heat exchanger 7 functions as an evaporator. At this time, the outdoor heat exchanger temperature TXO is the evaporation temperature of the refrigerant in the outdoor heat exchanger 7), and the outdoor heat exchanger temperature sensor 54 and the refrigerant pressure of the outdoor heat exchanger 7 (inside the outdoor heat exchanger 7). Alternatively, each output of the outdoor heat exchanger pressure sensor 56 that detects (the pressure of the refrigerant immediately after exiting from the outdoor heat exchanger 7) is connected.
　また、空調コントローラ３２の入力には更に、バッテリ５５の温度（バッテリ５５自体の温度、又は、バッテリ５５を出た熱媒体の温度、或いは、バッテリ５５に入る熱媒体の温度：バッテリ温度Ｔｂ）を検出するバッテリ温度センサ７６と、冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４の熱媒体流路６４Ａを出た熱媒体の温度を検出する熱媒体出口温度センサ７７の各出力も接続されている。 Further, the temperature of the battery 55 (the temperature of the battery 55 itself, the temperature of the heat medium leaving the battery 55, or the temperature of the heat medium entering the battery 55: battery temperature Tb) is further input to the air conditioning controller 32. Each output of the battery temperature sensor 76 to detect and the heat medium outlet temperature sensor 77 to detect the temperature of the heat medium exiting the heat medium flow path 64A of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 is also connected.
　一方、空調コントローラ３２の出力には、前記圧縮機２と、室外送風機１５と、室内送風機（ブロワファン）２７と、吸込切換ダンパ２６と、エアミックスダンパ２８と、吹出口切換ダンパ３１と、室外膨張弁６、室内膨張弁８と、電磁弁２２（除湿）、電磁弁２１（暖房）の各電磁弁と、循環ポンプ６２、補助膨張弁７３、三方弁６０が接続されている。そして、空調コントローラ３２は各センサの出力と空調操作部５３にて入力された設定に基づいてこれらを制御するものである。 On the other hand, the output of the air conditioning controller 32 includes the compressor 2, the outdoor blower 15, the indoor blower (blower fan) 27, the suction switching damper 26, the air mix damper 28, the air outlet switching damper 31, and the outdoor. The expansion valve 6, the indoor expansion valve 8, the solenoid valve 22 (dehumidifying), the solenoid valve 21 (heating), the circulation pump 62, the auxiliary expansion valve 73, and the three-way valve 60 are connected to each other. Then, the air conditioning controller 32 controls these based on the output of each sensor and the settings input by the air conditioning operation unit 53.
　以上の構成で、次に実施例の車両用空気調和装置１の動作について説明する。空調コントローラ３２（制御装置）は、この実施例では暖房運転と、除湿暖房運転と、除湿冷房運転と、冷房運転の各空調運転を切り換えて実行すると共に、バッテリ５５（車両搭載機器）の温度を調整する。先ず、車両用空気調和装置１のヒートポンプ装置ＨＰの各空調運転について説明する。 With the above configuration, the operation of the vehicle air conditioner 1 of the embodiment will be described next. In this embodiment, the air conditioning controller 32 (control device) switches and executes each air conditioning operation of heating operation, dehumidifying heating operation, dehumidifying cooling operation, and cooling operation, and controls the temperature of the battery 55 (vehicle-mounted device). adjust. First, each air-conditioning operation of the heat pump device HP of the vehicle air conditioner 1 will be described.
　（４）暖房運転
　最初に、図１及び図３を参照しながら暖房運転について説明する。図１及び図３には暖房運転における冷媒回路Ｒの冷媒の流れ（破線矢印）を示している。冬場等の低外気温時に空調コントローラ３２により（オートモード）、或いは、空調操作部５３へのマニュアル操作（マニュアルモード）により暖房運転が選択されると、空調コントローラ３２は電磁弁２１（暖房用）を開放し、室内膨張弁８を全閉とする。また、電磁弁２２（除湿用）を閉じる。 (4) Heating operation First, the heating operation will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 3. 1 and 3 show the flow of the refrigerant (broken line arrow) in the refrigerant circuit R in the heating operation. When heating operation is selected by the air conditioning controller 32 (auto mode) or by manual operation (manual mode) to the air conditioning operation unit 53 at low outside temperature such as in winter, the air conditioning controller 32 uses the solenoid valve 21 (for heating). Is opened, and the indoor expansion valve 8 is fully closed. Also, the solenoid valve 22 (for dehumidification) is closed.
　そして、圧縮機２、及び、各送風機１５、２７を運転し、エアミックスダンパ２８は室内送風機２７から吹き出された空気が熱媒体放熱器２３及び放熱器４に通風される割合を調整する状態とする。これにより、圧縮機２から吐出された高温高圧のガス冷媒は放熱器４に流入する。放熱器４には空気流通路３内の空気が通風されるので、空気流通路３内の空気は放熱器４内の高温冷媒により加熱され、一方、放熱器４内の冷媒は空気に熱を奪われて冷却され、凝縮液化する。 Then, the compressor 2 and the blowers 15 and 27 are operated, and the air mix damper 28 adjusts the ratio of the air blown from the indoor blower 27 to the heat medium radiator 23 and the radiator 4. To do. As a result, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 2 flows into the radiator 4. Since the air in the air flow passage 3 is ventilated through the radiator 4, the air in the air flow passage 3 is heated by the high temperature refrigerant in the radiator 4, while the refrigerant in the radiator 4 heats the air. It is deprived, cooled, and condensed.
　放熱器４内で液化した冷媒は放熱器４を出た後、冷媒配管１３Ｅ、１３Ｊを経て室外膨張弁６に至る。室外膨張弁６に流入した冷媒はそこで減圧された後、室外熱交換器７に流入する。室外熱交換器７に流入した冷媒は蒸発し、走行により、或いは、室外送風機１５にて通風される外気中から熱を汲み上げる（吸熱）。そして、室外熱交換器７を出た低温の冷媒は冷媒配管１３Ａ及び冷媒配管１３Ｄ、電磁弁２１を経て冷媒配管１３Ｃに至り、当該冷媒配管１３Ｃの逆止弁２０を経てアキュムレータ１２に入り、そこで気液分離された後、ガス冷媒が圧縮機２に吸い込まれる循環を繰り返す。放熱器４にて加熱された空気は吹出口２９から吹き出されるので、これにより車室内の暖房が行われることになる。 The refrigerant liquefied in the radiator 4 exits the radiator 4 and then reaches the outdoor expansion valve 6 via the refrigerant pipes 13E and 13J. The refrigerant that has flowed into the outdoor expansion valve 6 is decompressed there, and then flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 7. The refrigerant that has flowed into the outdoor heat exchanger 7 evaporates and draws heat by running or from the outside air that is ventilated by the outdoor blower 15 (endothermic). Then, the low-temperature refrigerant leaving the outdoor heat exchanger 7 reaches the refrigerant pipe 13C via the refrigerant pipe 13A, the refrigerant pipe 13D, and the electromagnetic valve 21, and enters the accumulator 12 via the check valve 20 of the refrigerant pipe 13C. After the gas-liquid separation, the circulation in which the gas refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 2 is repeated. Since the air heated by the radiator 4 is blown out from the outlet 29, the interior of the vehicle is heated by this.
　空調コントローラ３２は、後述する目標吹出温度ＴＡＯから算出される目標ヒータ温度ＴＣＯ（放熱器４の風下側の空気温度の目標値）から目標放熱器圧力ＰＣＯ（放熱器４の圧力ＰＣＩの目標値）を算出し、この目標放熱器圧力ＰＣＯと、放熱器圧力センサ４７が検出する放熱器４の冷媒圧力（放熱器圧力ＰＣＩ。冷媒回路Ｒの高圧圧力）に基づいて圧縮機２の回転数を制御すると共に、放熱器温度センサ４６が検出する放熱器４の温度（放熱器温度ＴＣＩ）及び放熱器圧力センサ４７が検出する放熱器圧力ＰＣＩに基づいて室外膨張弁６の弁開度を制御し、放熱器４の出口における冷媒の過冷却度を制御する。前記目標ヒータ温度ＴＣＯは基本的にはＴＣＯ＝ＴＡＯとされるが、制御上の所定の制限が設けられる。また、放熱器４による暖房能力が不足する場合には後述する如く熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６に通電して発熱させ、暖房能力を補完する。 The air conditioning controller 32 has a target radiator pressure PCO (target value of the pressure PCI of the radiator 4) from the target heater temperature TCO (target value of the air temperature on the leeward side of the radiator 4) calculated from the target outlet temperature TAO described later. Is calculated, and the rotation speed of the compressor 2 is controlled based on the target radiator pressure PCO and the refrigerant pressure of the radiator 4 (radiator pressure PCI. High pressure of the refrigerant circuit R) detected by the radiator pressure sensor 47. At the same time, the valve opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 6 is controlled based on the temperature of the radiator 4 (radiator temperature TCI) detected by the radiator temperature sensor 46 and the radiator pressure PCI detected by the radiator pressure sensor 47. The degree of supercooling of the refrigerant at the outlet of the radiator 4 is controlled. The target heater temperature TCO is basically TCO = TAO, but a predetermined control limit is provided. When the heating capacity of the radiator 4 is insufficient, the heat medium heating heater 66 is energized to generate heat as described later to supplement the heating capacity.
　また、空調コントローラ３２はこの暖房運転において、電磁弁２２を開き、補助膨張弁７３も開いてその弁開度を制御する状態とする。これにより、放熱器４から出た冷媒の一部が室外膨張弁６の冷媒上流側で分流され、図１及び図３に白抜き矢印で示す如く、冷媒配管１３Ｆを経て室内膨張弁８の冷媒上流側に至る。冷媒は次に分岐配管７２に入り、補助膨張弁７３で減圧された後、分岐配管７２を経て冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４の冷媒流路６４Ｂに流入して蒸発する。このときに吸熱作用を発揮する。この冷媒流路６４Ｂで蒸発した冷媒は、冷媒配管７４、冷媒配管１３Ｃ及びアキュムレータ１２を順次経て圧縮機２に吸い込まれる循環を繰り返す。 Further, in this heating operation, the air conditioning controller 32 opens the solenoid valve 22 and also opens the auxiliary expansion valve 73 to control the valve opening degree. As a result, a part of the refrigerant discharged from the radiator 4 is diverted on the upstream side of the refrigerant of the outdoor expansion valve 6, and as shown by the white arrows in FIGS. 1 and 3, the refrigerant of the indoor expansion valve 8 passes through the refrigerant pipe 13F. It reaches the upstream side. The refrigerant then enters the branch pipe 72, is depressurized by the auxiliary expansion valve 73, and then flows into the refrigerant flow path 64B of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 through the branch pipe 72 and evaporates. At this time, it exerts an endothermic effect. The refrigerant evaporated in the refrigerant flow path 64B repeats circulation that is sucked into the compressor 2 through the refrigerant pipe 74, the refrigerant pipe 13C, and the accumulator 12 in that order.
　（５）除湿暖房運転
　次に、除湿暖房運転では、空調コントローラ３２は上記暖房運転の状態において電磁弁２２を開放し、室内膨張弁８を開いて冷媒を減圧膨張させる状態とする。これにより、放熱器４を経て冷媒配管１３Ｅを流れる凝縮冷媒の一部が分流され、この分流された冷媒が電磁弁２２を経て冷媒配管１３Ｆに流入し、冷媒配管１３Ｂから室内膨張弁８に流れ、残りの冷媒が室外膨張弁６に流れるようになる。即ち、分流された一部の冷媒が室内膨張弁８にて減圧された後、吸熱器９に流入して蒸発する。 (5) Dehumidifying and heating operation Next, in the dehumidifying and heating operation, the air conditioning controller 32 opens the solenoid valve 22 and opens the indoor expansion valve 8 to depressurize and expand the refrigerant in the heating operation. As a result, a part of the condensed refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant pipe 13E via the radiator 4 is diverted, and the diverted refrigerant flows into the refrigerant pipe 13F via the solenoid valve 22 and flows from the refrigerant pipe 13B to the indoor expansion valve 8. , The remaining refrigerant flows to the outdoor expansion valve 6. That is, a part of the divided refrigerant is depressurized by the indoor expansion valve 8 and then flows into the heat absorber 9 and evaporates.
　空調コントローラ３２は吸熱器９の出口における冷媒の過熱度（ＳＨ）を所定値に維持するように室内膨張弁８の弁開度を制御するが、このときに吸熱器９で生じる冷媒の吸熱作用で室内送風機２７から吹き出された空気中の水分が吸熱器９に凝結して付着するので、空気は冷却され、且つ、除湿される。分流されて冷媒配管１３Ｊに流入した残りの冷媒は、室外膨張弁６で減圧された後、室外熱交換器７で蒸発することになる。 The air conditioning controller 32 controls the valve opening degree of the indoor expansion valve 8 so as to maintain the degree of superheat (SH) of the refrigerant at the outlet of the heat absorber 9 at a predetermined value, and the heat absorption action of the refrigerant generated by the heat absorber 9 at this time. Moisture in the air blown out from the indoor blower 27 condenses and adheres to the heat absorber 9, so that the air is cooled and dehumidified. The remaining refrigerant that has been split and flows into the refrigerant pipe 13J is decompressed by the outdoor expansion valve 6 and then evaporated by the outdoor heat exchanger 7.
　吸熱器９で蒸発した冷媒は、冷媒配管１３Ｃに出て冷媒配管１３Ｄからの冷媒（室外熱交換器７からの冷媒）と合流した後、逆止弁２０及びアキュムレータ１２を経て圧縮機２に吸い込まれる循環を繰り返す。吸熱器９にて除湿された空気は放熱器４を通過する過程で再加熱されるので、これにより車室内の除湿暖房が行われることになる。 The refrigerant evaporated in the heat absorber 9 goes out to the refrigerant pipe 13C, merges with the refrigerant from the refrigerant pipe 13D (refrigerant from the outdoor heat exchanger 7), and then is sucked into the compressor 2 via the check valve 20 and the accumulator 12. Repeat the cycle. The air dehumidified by the heat absorber 9 is reheated in the process of passing through the radiator 4, so that the dehumidifying and heating of the vehicle interior is performed.
　空調コントローラ３２は目標ヒータ温度ＴＣＯから算出される目標放熱器圧力ＰＣＯと放熱器圧力センサ４７が検出する放熱器圧力ＰＣＩ（冷媒回路Ｒの高圧圧力）に基づいて圧縮機２の回転数を制御すると共に、吸熱器温度センサ４８が検出する吸熱器９の温度（吸熱器温度Ｔｅ）に基づいて室外膨張弁６の弁開度を制御する。 The air conditioning controller 32 controls the rotation speed of the compressor 2 based on the target radiator pressure PCO calculated from the target heater temperature TCO and the radiator pressure PCI (high pressure of the refrigerant circuit R) detected by the radiator pressure sensor 47. At the same time, the valve opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 6 is controlled based on the temperature of the heat absorber 9 (heat absorber temperature Te) detected by the heat absorber temperature sensor 48.
　（６）除湿冷房運転
　次に、除湿冷房運転では、空調コントローラ３２は室内膨張弁８を開いて冷媒を減圧膨張させる状態とし、電磁弁２１と電磁弁２２を閉じる。そして、圧縮機２、及び、各送風機１５、２７を運転し、エアミックスダンパ２８は室内送風機２７から吹き出された空気が熱媒体放熱器２３及び放熱器４に通風される割合を調整する状態とする。これにより、圧縮機２から吐出された高温高圧のガス冷媒は放熱器４に流入する。放熱器４には空気流通路３内の空気が通風されるので、空気流通路３内の空気は放熱器４内の高温冷媒により加熱され、一方、放熱器４内の冷媒は空気に熱を奪われて冷却され、凝縮液化していく。 (6) Dehumidifying and cooling operation Next, in the dehumidifying and cooling operation, the air conditioning controller 32 opens the indoor expansion valve 8 to depressurize and expand the refrigerant, and closes the solenoid valve 21 and the solenoid valve 22. Then, the compressor 2 and the blowers 15 and 27 are operated, and the air mix damper 28 adjusts the ratio of the air blown from the indoor blower 27 to the heat medium radiator 23 and the radiator 4. To do. As a result, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 2 flows into the radiator 4. Since the air in the air flow passage 3 is ventilated through the radiator 4, the air in the air flow passage 3 is heated by the high temperature refrigerant in the radiator 4, while the refrigerant in the radiator 4 heats the air. It is deprived, cooled, and condensed.
　放熱器４を出た冷媒は冷媒配管１３Ｅを経て室外膨張弁６に至り、開き気味で制御される室外膨張弁６を経て室外熱交換器７に流入する。室外熱交換器７に流入した冷媒はそこで走行により、或いは、室外送風機１５にて通風される外気により空冷され、凝縮する。室外熱交換器７を出た冷媒は冷媒配管１３Ａ、逆止弁１８を経て冷媒配管１３Ｂに入り、室内膨張弁８に至る。室内膨張弁８にて冷媒は減圧された後、吸熱器９に流入して蒸発する。このときの吸熱作用で室内送風機２７から吹き出された空気中の水分が吸熱器９に凝結して付着するので、空気は冷却され、且つ、除湿される。 The refrigerant leaving the radiator 4 reaches the outdoor expansion valve 6 via the refrigerant pipe 13E, and flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 7 via the outdoor expansion valve 6 which is slightly opened and controlled. The refrigerant flowing into the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is air-cooled and condensed by traveling there or by the outside air ventilated by the outdoor blower 15. The refrigerant leaving the outdoor heat exchanger 7 enters the refrigerant pipe 13B via the refrigerant pipe 13A and the check valve 18, and reaches the indoor expansion valve 8. After the refrigerant is depressurized by the indoor expansion valve 8, it flows into the heat absorber 9 and evaporates. Due to the endothermic action at this time, the moisture in the air blown out from the indoor blower 27 condenses and adheres to the endothermic device 9, so that the air is cooled and dehumidified.
　吸熱器９で蒸発した冷媒は冷媒配管１３Ｃ及び逆止弁２０を経てアキュムレータ１２に至り、そこを経て圧縮機２に吸い込まれる循環を繰り返す。吸熱器９にて冷却され、除湿された空気は放熱器４を通過する過程でリヒート（再加熱：暖房時よりも放熱能力は低い）されるので、これにより車室内の除湿冷房が行われることになる。 The refrigerant evaporated in the heat absorber 9 reaches the accumulator 12 via the refrigerant pipe 13C and the check valve 20, and is repeatedly sucked into the compressor 2 through the accumulator 12. The air cooled by the heat absorber 9 and dehumidified is reheated (reheated: the heat dissipation capacity is lower than that during heating) in the process of passing through the radiator 4, so that the interior of the vehicle is dehumidified and cooled. become.
　空調コントローラ３２は吸熱器温度センサ４８が検出する吸熱器９の温度（吸熱器温度Ｔｅ）とその目標値である目標吸熱器温度ＴＥＯに基づき、吸熱器温度Ｔｅを目標吸熱器温度ＴＥＯにするように圧縮機２の回転数を制御すると共に、放熱器圧力センサ４７が検出する放熱器圧力ＰＣＩ（冷媒回路Ｒの高圧圧力）と目標ヒータ温度ＴＣＯから算出される目標放熱器圧力ＰＣＯ（放熱器圧力ＰＣＩの目標値）に基づき、放熱器圧力ＰＣＩを目標放熱器圧力ＰＣＯにするように室外膨張弁６の弁開度を制御することで放熱器４による必要なリヒート量を得る。 The air conditioner controller 32 sets the heat absorber temperature Te to the target heat absorber temperature TEO based on the temperature of the heat absorber 9 (heat absorber temperature Te) detected by the heat absorber temperature sensor 48 and the target heat absorber temperature TEO which is the target value thereof. The target radiator pressure PCO (radiator pressure) calculated from the radiator pressure PCI (high pressure of the refrigerant circuit R) and the target heater temperature TCO detected by the radiator pressure sensor 47 while controlling the rotation speed of the compressor 2 The required reheat amount by the radiator 4 is obtained by controlling the valve opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 6 so that the radiator pressure PCI becomes the target radiator pressure PCO based on the target value of PCI).
　（７）冷房運転
　次に、図４を用いて冷房運転について説明する。夏場等の高外気温時に実行されるこの冷房運転では、空調コントローラ３２は上記除湿冷房運転の状態において室外膨張弁６の弁開度を全開とする。尚、エアミックスダンパ２８は熱媒体放熱器２３及び放熱器４に空気が通風される割合を調整する状態とする。 (7) Cooling operation Next, the cooling operation will be described with reference to FIG. In this cooling operation executed at a high outside temperature such as in summer, the air conditioning controller 32 fully opens the valve opening degree of the outdoor expansion valve 6 in the state of the dehumidifying cooling operation. The air mix damper 28 is in a state of adjusting the ratio of air ventilated to the heat medium radiator 23 and the radiator 4.
　これにより、図４に破線矢印で示す如く圧縮機２から吐出された高温高圧のガス冷媒は放熱器４に流入する。放熱器４には空気流通路３内の空気は通風されるものの、その割合は小さくなるので（冷房時のリヒートのみのため）、ここは殆ど通過するのみとなり、放熱器４を出た冷媒は冷媒配管１３Ｅを経て室外膨張弁６に至る。このとき室外膨張弁６は全開とされているので冷媒はそのまま室外膨張弁６を経て冷媒配管１３Ｊを通過し、室外熱交換器７に流入し、そこで走行により、或いは、室外送風機１５にて通風される外気により空冷され、凝縮液化する。 As a result, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant discharged from the compressor 2 flows into the radiator 4 as shown by the broken line arrow in FIG. Although the air in the air flow passage 3 is ventilated through the radiator 4, the ratio is small (because it is only reheated during cooling), so most of the air passes through here, and the refrigerant leaving the radiator 4 is discharged. It reaches the outdoor expansion valve 6 via the refrigerant pipe 13E. At this time, since the outdoor expansion valve 6 is fully opened, the refrigerant passes through the outdoor expansion valve 6 as it is, passes through the refrigerant pipe 13J, flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 7, and is ventilated there by traveling or by the outdoor blower 15. It is air-cooled by the outside air to be condensed and liquefied.
　室外熱交換器７を出た冷媒は冷媒配管１３Ａ、逆止弁１８を経て冷媒配管１３Ｂに入り、室内膨張弁８に至る。室内膨張弁８にて冷媒は減圧された後、吸熱器９に流入して蒸発する。このときの吸熱作用で室内送風機２７から吹き出された空気中の水分が吸熱器９に凝結して付着し、空気は冷却される。 The refrigerant exiting the outdoor heat exchanger 7 enters the refrigerant pipe 13B via the refrigerant pipe 13A and the check valve 18, and reaches the indoor expansion valve 8. After the refrigerant is depressurized by the indoor expansion valve 8, it flows into the heat absorber 9 and evaporates. Due to the endothermic action at this time, the moisture in the air blown out from the indoor blower 27 condenses and adheres to the endothermic device 9, and the air is cooled.
　吸熱器９で蒸発した冷媒は冷媒配管１３Ｃ及び逆止弁２０を経てアキュムレータ１２に至り、そこを経て圧縮機２に吸い込まれる循環を繰り返す。吸熱器９にて冷却され、除湿された空気は吹出口２９から車室内に吹き出されるので、これにより車室内の冷房が行われることになる。この冷房運転においては、空調コントローラ３２は吸熱器温度センサ４８が検出する吸熱器９の温度（吸熱器温度Ｔｅ）に基づいて圧縮機２の回転数を制御する。 The refrigerant evaporated in the heat absorber 9 reaches the accumulator 12 via the refrigerant pipe 13C and the check valve 20, and is repeatedly sucked into the compressor 2 through the accumulator 12. The air cooled by the heat absorber 9 and dehumidified is blown into the vehicle interior from the air outlet 29, so that the vehicle interior is cooled. In this cooling operation, the air conditioning controller 32 controls the rotation speed of the compressor 2 based on the temperature of the heat absorber 9 (heat absorber temperature Te) detected by the heat absorber temperature sensor 48.
　また、空調コントローラ３２はこの冷房運転において、補助膨張弁７３を開いてその弁開度を制御する状態とする。これにより、室外熱交換器７から出た冷媒の一部が室内膨張弁８の冷媒上流側で分流され、図４に白抜き矢印で示す如く、分岐配管７２に入り、補助膨張弁７３で減圧された後、分岐配管７２を経て冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４の冷媒流路６４Ｂに流入して蒸発する。このときに吸熱作用を発揮する。この冷媒流路６４Ｂで蒸発した冷媒は、冷媒配管７４、冷媒配管１３Ｃ及びアキュムレータ１２を順次経て圧縮機２に吸い込まれる循環を繰り返す。 Further, in this cooling operation, the air conditioning controller 32 opens the auxiliary expansion valve 73 to control the valve opening degree. As a result, a part of the refrigerant discharged from the outdoor heat exchanger 7 is diverted on the upstream side of the refrigerant of the indoor expansion valve 8, enters the branch pipe 72 as shown by the white arrow in FIG. 4, and is depressurized by the auxiliary expansion valve 73. After that, it flows into the refrigerant flow path 64B of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 through the branch pipe 72 and evaporates. At this time, it exerts an endothermic effect. The refrigerant evaporated in the refrigerant flow path 64B repeats circulation that is sucked into the compressor 2 through the refrigerant pipe 74, the refrigerant pipe 13C, and the accumulator 12 in that order.
　（８）空調運転の切換制御
　空調コントローラ３２は下記式（Ｉ）から前述した目標吹出温度ＴＡＯを算出する。この目標吹出温度ＴＡＯは、吹出口２９から車室内に吹き出される空気の温度の目標値である。
　ＴＡＯ＝（Ｔｓｅｔ－Ｔｉｎ）×Ｋ＋Ｔｂａｌ（ｆ（Ｔｓｅｔ、ＳＵＮ、Ｔａｍ））
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　・・（Ｉ）
　ここで、Ｔｓｅｔは空調操作部５３で設定された車室内の設定温度、Ｔｉｎは内気温度センサ３７が検出する車室内空気の温度、Ｋは係数、Ｔｂａｌは設定温度Ｔｓｅｔや、日射センサ５１が検出する日射量ＳＵＮ、外気温度センサ３３が検出する外気温度Ｔａｍから算出されるバランス値である。そして、一般的に、この目標吹出温度ＴＡＯは外気温度Ｔａｍが低い程高く、外気温度Ｔａｍが上昇するに伴って低下する。 (8) Switching control of air conditioning operation The air conditioning controller 32 calculates the target blowout temperature TAO described above from the following formula (I). This target outlet temperature TAO is a target value of the temperature of the air blown into the vehicle interior from the outlet 29.
TAO = (Tset-Tin) x K + Tbal (f (Tset, SUN, Tam))
・ ・ (I)
Here, Tset is the set temperature in the vehicle interior set by the air conditioning operation unit 53, Tin is the temperature of the vehicle interior air detected by the inside air temperature sensor 37, K is a coefficient, Tbal is the set temperature Tset, and the solar radiation sensor 51 detects it. It is a balance value calculated from the amount of solar radiation SUN and the outside air temperature Tam detected by the outside air temperature sensor 33. In general, the target outlet temperature TAO increases as the outside air temperature Tam decreases, and decreases as the outside air temperature Tam increases.
　そして、空調コントローラ３２は起動時には外気温度センサ３３が検出する外気温度Ｔａｍと目標吹出温度ＴＡＯとに基づいて上記各空調運転のうちの何れかの空調運転を選択する。また、起動後は外気温度Ｔａｍや目標吹出温度ＴＡＯ等の環境や設定条件の変化に応じて前記各空調運転を選択し、切り換えていくものである。 Then, the air conditioning controller 32 selects one of the above air conditioning operations based on the outside air temperature Tam detected by the outside air temperature sensor 33 and the target blowing temperature TAO at the time of activation. Further, after the start-up, each of the air-conditioning operations is selected and switched according to changes in the environment and setting conditions such as the outside air temperature Tam and the target outlet temperature TAO.
　（９）熱媒体循環モードの切換制御
　次に、実施例の熱媒体循環回路６１の熱媒体循環モードの切換制御について説明する。空調コントローラ３２は、バッテリ温度センサ７６が検出するバッテリ温度Ｔｂが所定値Ｔ１以上であるか否か判断する。尚、この所定値Ｔ１はバッテリ５５の冷却が必要な所定の高い発熱温度とする。 (9) Switching Control of Heat Medium Circulation Mode Next, switching control of the heat medium circulation mode of the heat medium circulation circuit 61 of the embodiment will be described. The air conditioning controller 32 determines whether or not the battery temperature Tb detected by the battery temperature sensor 76 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value T1. The predetermined value T1 is a predetermined high heat generation temperature that requires cooling of the battery 55.
　（９－１）車両搭載機器冷却運転
　そして、バッテリ温度Ｔｂが所定値Ｔ１以上である場合、空調コントローラ３２は次にヒートポンプ装置ＨＰの現在の空調運転を判定する。現在の空調運転が暖房運転である場合には、前述した如く電磁弁２２を開き、補助膨張弁７３も開いてその弁開度を制御する状態とする。また、熱媒体循環回路６１を前述した第１の熱媒体循環モード（図１）とし、循環ポンプ６２を運転すると共に、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６は非通電とする。 (9-1) Vehicle-mounted equipment cooling operation Then, when the battery temperature Tb is equal to or higher than a predetermined value T1, the air conditioning controller 32 then determines the current air conditioning operation of the heat pump device HP. When the current air conditioning operation is the heating operation, the solenoid valve 22 is opened and the auxiliary expansion valve 73 is also opened to control the valve opening degree as described above. Further, the heat medium circulation circuit 61 is set to the above-mentioned first heat medium circulation mode (FIG. 1), the circulation pump 62 is operated, and the heat medium heater 66 is de-energized.
　これにより、循環ポンプ６２から吐出された熱媒体は、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６（発熱していない）を通過した後、冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４の熱媒体流路６４Ａに流入し、前述した如く冷媒流路６４Ｂで蒸発する冷媒により吸熱される。熱媒体流路６４Ａで冷媒により冷却された熱媒体は、三方弁６０を経た後、バッテリ５５に循環されて当該バッテリ５５と熱交換し、バッテリ５５から廃熱を回収すると共に、バッテリ５５自体は冷却されることになる。これが本発明における車両搭載機器冷却運転である。 As a result, the heat medium discharged from the circulation pump 62 passes through the heat medium heating heater 66 (not generating heat) and then flows into the heat medium flow path 64A of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, as described above. As described above, heat is absorbed by the refrigerant evaporating in the refrigerant flow path 64B. The heat medium cooled by the refrigerant in the heat medium flow path 64A is circulated to the battery 55 after passing through the three-way valve 60 to exchange heat with the battery 55, recover waste heat from the battery 55, and the battery 55 itself It will be cooled. This is the vehicle-mounted device cooling operation in the present invention.
　回収された廃熱は循環ポンプ６２、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６を経て再び冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４に戻る熱媒体から冷媒に汲み上げられ、放熱器４に搬送されて車室内の暖房に利用されることになる。 The recovered waste heat is pumped up by the refrigerant from the heat medium that returns to the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 via the circulation pump 62 and the heat medium heater 66, and is transported to the radiator 4 for use in heating the passenger compartment. Will be.
　また、現在の空調運転が冷房運転である場合にも、空調コントローラ３２は前述した如く補助膨張弁７３を開いてその弁開度を制御する状態とする。また、熱媒体循環回路６１を第１の熱媒体循環モード（図４）とし、循環ポンプ６２を運転し、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６は非通電とする。これにより、冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４の熱媒体流路６４Ａで冷媒により吸熱されて冷却された熱媒体は、循環ポンプ６２によりバッテリ５５に循環される。そして、熱媒体はバッテリ５５と熱交換して当該バッテリ５５を冷却する。これも本発明における車両搭載機器冷却運転である。 Further, even when the current air conditioning operation is the cooling operation, the air conditioning controller 32 opens the auxiliary expansion valve 73 to control the valve opening degree as described above. Further, the heat medium circulation circuit 61 is set to the first heat medium circulation mode (FIG. 4), the circulation pump 62 is operated, and the heat medium heater 66 is de-energized. As a result, the heat medium absorbed and cooled by the refrigerant in the heat medium flow path 64A of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 is circulated to the battery 55 by the circulation pump 62. Then, the heat medium exchanges heat with the battery 55 to cool the battery 55. This is also the vehicle-mounted device cooling operation in the present invention.
　このような車両搭載機器冷却運転は、例えばバッテリ温度Ｔｂが所定値Ｔ２（バッテリ５５の冷却が不要な所定の低い温度）に低下した時点で終了する。空調コントローラ３２は、例えば補助膨張弁７３を全閉として冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４に向かう冷媒を阻止することで、車両搭載機器冷却運転を終了するものである。 Such a vehicle-mounted device cooling operation ends, for example, when the battery temperature Tb drops to a predetermined value T2 (a predetermined low temperature at which cooling of the battery 55 is unnecessary). The air-conditioning controller 32 ends the vehicle-mounted equipment cooling operation by, for example, fully closing the auxiliary expansion valve 73 to block the refrigerant toward the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64.
　（９－２）車両搭載機器加熱運転
　一方、バッテリ温度Ｔｂが所定値Ｔ３以下であるか否か判断する。尚、この所定値Ｔ３は所定値Ｔ２より低い所定の低い温度であり、Ｔｂ≦Ｔ３はバッテリ５５の加熱が必要な状況を示す。バッテリ温度Ｔｂが所定値Ｔ３以下である場合、空調コントローラ３２は暖房運転において放熱器４による車室内の暖房能力が不足しているか否か判断する。そして、暖房運転における放熱器４による車室内の暖房能力が不足している場合、空調コントローラ３２は前述した如く電磁弁２２を開き、補助膨張弁７３も開いてその弁開度を制御する状態とする。また、熱媒体循環回路６１を第１の熱媒体循環モード（図１）とした上で、循環ポンプ６２を運転し、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６に通電して発熱させる。 (9-2) Vehicle-mounted equipment heating operation On the other hand, it is determined whether or not the battery temperature Tb is equal to or less than the predetermined value T3. The predetermined value T3 is a predetermined low temperature lower than the predetermined value T2, and Tb ≦ T3 indicates a situation in which the battery 55 needs to be heated. When the battery temperature Tb is equal to or less than the predetermined value T3, the air conditioning controller 32 determines whether or not the heating capacity of the vehicle interior by the radiator 4 is insufficient in the heating operation. When the heating capacity of the vehicle interior by the radiator 4 in the heating operation is insufficient, the air conditioning controller 32 opens the solenoid valve 22 and the auxiliary expansion valve 73 also opens to control the valve opening degree as described above. To do. Further, after the heat medium circulation circuit 61 is set to the first heat medium circulation mode (FIG. 1), the circulation pump 62 is operated to energize the heat medium heating heater 66 to generate heat.
　これにより、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６で加熱された熱媒体は冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４の熱媒体流路６４Ａに循環され、冷媒はこの熱媒体から吸熱する。吸熱された熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６の熱は、冷媒により放熱器４に搬送され、車室内の暖房補助に利用される。また、熱媒体流路６４Ａを出た熱媒体は次にバッテリ５５に循環され、バッテリ５５は加熱されることになる。 As a result, the heat medium heated by the heat medium heating heater 66 is circulated in the heat medium flow path 64A of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, and the refrigerant absorbs heat from this heat medium. The heat of the heat medium heater 66 that has been absorbed is transferred to the radiator 4 by the refrigerant and used for heating assistance in the vehicle interior. Further, the heat medium exiting the heat medium flow path 64A is then circulated to the battery 55, and the battery 55 is heated.
　他方、暖房運転における放熱器４による車室内の暖房能力が不足していない場合は、空調コントローラ３２は補助膨張弁７３を全閉とすると共に、熱媒体循環回路６１は同じく第１の熱媒体循環モードとし、循環ポンプ６２を運転し、且つ、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６に通電して発熱させる。これにより、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６で加熱された熱媒体が冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４の熱媒体流路６４Ａを経た後、バッテリ５５に循環されるので、バッテリ５５は加熱される。これらが本発明における車両搭載機器加熱運転である。 On the other hand, when the heating capacity of the vehicle interior by the radiator 4 in the heating operation is not insufficient, the air conditioning controller 32 fully closes the auxiliary expansion valve 73, and the heat medium circulation circuit 61 also circulates the first heat medium. In the mode, the circulation pump 62 is operated, and the heat medium heating heater 66 is energized to generate heat. As a result, the heat medium heated by the heat medium heating heater 66 is circulated to the battery 55 after passing through the heat medium flow path 64A of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, so that the battery 55 is heated. These are the vehicle-mounted equipment heating operations in the present invention.
　このような車両搭載機器加熱運転は、例えばバッテリ温度Ｔｂが所定値Ｔ４（バッテリ５５の加熱が不要な所定の高い温度。各所定値の関係は、例えば、Ｔ３＜Ｔ４＜Ｔ２＜Ｔ１）に上昇した時点で終了する。空調コントローラ３２は、例えば補助膨張弁７３を全閉として冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４に向かう冷媒を阻止すると共に、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６も非通電とすることで、車両搭載機器加熱運転を終了する。 In such a vehicle-mounted device heating operation, for example, the battery temperature Tb rises to a predetermined value T4 (a predetermined high temperature that does not require heating of the battery 55. The relationship between the predetermined values rises to, for example, T3 <T4 <T2 <T1). It ends when it is done. For example, the air conditioning controller 32 completely closes the auxiliary expansion valve 73 to block the refrigerant toward the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, and also de-energizes the heat medium heating heater 66 to end the vehicle-mounted equipment heating operation. To do.
　（９－３）熱媒体放熱暖房運転
　次に、例えば室外熱交換器７への過着霜が発生している等の理由でヒートポンプ装置ＨＰが運転できない状況であって、車室内空気の温度Ｔｉｎが設定温度Ｔｓｅｔより低く、暖房が必要である場合、空調コントローラ３２は熱媒体循環回路６１を第２の熱媒体循環モード（図３に実線矢印）とし、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６に通電して発熱させると共に、循環ポンプ６２を運転する。また、圧縮機２は停止しているが、室内送風機２７は運転する。 (9-3) Heat medium heat dissipation heating operation Next, the heat pump device HP cannot be operated due to, for example, over-frosting on the outdoor heat exchanger 7, and the temperature of the air inside the vehicle is Tin. Is lower than the set temperature Tset and heating is required, the air conditioning controller 32 sets the heat medium circulation circuit 61 to the second heat medium circulation mode (solid line arrow in FIG. 3) and energizes the heat medium heater 66 to generate heat. At the same time, the circulation pump 62 is operated. Further, although the compressor 2 is stopped, the indoor blower 27 operates.
　これにより、循環ポンプ６２から吐出された熱媒体は熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６に至り、そこで加熱された後、冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４を通過し、三方弁６０を経て熱媒体放熱器２３に流れる。そして、熱媒体放熱器２３で放熱した熱媒体は循環ポンプ６２に吸い込まれるようになる。即ち、熱媒体放熱器２３と熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６の間で熱媒体が循環されることになるので、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６で加熱された熱媒体が熱媒体放熱器２３で放熱する。室内送風機２７により空気流通路３内を流通する空気は、熱媒体放熱器２３で加熱され、車室内に吹き出されるので、車室内の暖房が行われることになる。 As a result, the heat medium discharged from the circulation pump 62 reaches the heat medium heating heater 66, and after being heated there, passes through the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, passes through the three-way valve 60, and reaches the heat medium radiator 23. It flows. Then, the heat medium radiated by the heat medium radiator 23 is sucked into the circulation pump 62. That is, since the heat medium is circulated between the heat medium radiator 23 and the heat medium heater 66, the heat medium heated by the heat medium heater 66 dissipates heat in the heat medium radiator 23. The air flowing through the air flow passage 3 by the indoor blower 27 is heated by the heat medium radiator 23 and blown out into the vehicle interior, so that the vehicle interior is heated.
　また、電磁弁２２を閉じ、補助膨張弁７３も閉じた状態でヒートポンプ装置ＨＰを運転する暖房運転において、放熱器４による車室内の暖房能力が不足しているときに、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６で暖房補助を行うこともできる。この場合も、空調コントローラ３２は熱媒体循環回路６１を第２の熱媒体循環モードとし、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６に通電して発熱させると共に、循環ポンプ６２を運転する（図３）。 Further, in the heating operation in which the heat pump device HP is operated with the solenoid valve 22 closed and the auxiliary expansion valve 73 also closed, when the heating capacity of the vehicle interior by the radiator 4 is insufficient, the heat medium heater 66 is used. Heating assistance can also be provided. In this case as well, the air conditioning controller 32 sets the heat medium circulation circuit 61 to the second heat medium circulation mode, energizes the heat medium heating heater 66 to generate heat, and operates the circulation pump 62 (FIG. 3).
　これにより、同様に熱媒体放熱器２３と熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６の間で熱媒体が循環されることになるので、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６で加熱された熱媒体が熱媒体放熱器２３で放熱する。室内送風機２７により空気流通路３内を流通する空気は、放熱器４に流入する前に熱媒体放熱器２３で加熱されるので、車室内の暖房補助が行われることになる。 As a result, the heat medium is similarly circulated between the heat medium radiator 23 and the heat medium heater 66, so that the heat medium heated by the heat medium heater 66 dissipates heat in the heat medium radiator 23. .. Since the air flowing through the air flow passage 3 by the indoor blower 27 is heated by the heat medium radiator 23 before flowing into the radiator 4, heating assistance in the vehicle interior is performed.
　（９－４）冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４における冷媒の寝込み防止
　空調コントローラ３２は、以上のように車両搭載機器冷却運転や車両搭載機器加熱運転を実行することで、バッテリ５５は適温に維持し、また、熱媒体放熱暖房運転により車室内の暖房、或いは、暖房補助を行うものであるが、外気温が低い環境下では、冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４の冷媒流路６４Ｂ内に液冷媒が残留し、圧縮機２の吸入圧力と外気温の飽和圧力が近くなると、冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４内の液冷媒が蒸発できずに寝込んでしまい、その分、冷媒回路Ｒ内を循環する冷媒量が不足して、空調性能が低下してしまう。 (9-4) Prevention of Refrigerant Falling in Refrigerant-Heat Medium Heat Exchanger 64 The air conditioner controller 32 maintains the battery 55 at an appropriate temperature by executing the vehicle-mounted equipment cooling operation and the vehicle-mounted equipment heating operation as described above. In addition, the interior of the vehicle is heated or assisted by heat medium heat dissipation heating operation, but in an environment where the outside temperature is low, the liquid is contained in the refrigerant flow path 64B of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64. When the refrigerant remains and the suction pressure of the compressor 2 and the saturation pressure of the outside temperature become close to each other, the liquid refrigerant in the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 cannot evaporate and falls asleep, and the refrigerant circuit R is moved by that amount. The amount of circulating refrigerant is insufficient, and the air conditioning performance deteriorates.
　しかしながら、図１及び図３の如く熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６を経た直後の熱媒体（バッテリ５５等を経ていない熱媒体）が冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４に流れるようにしたことで、冷媒流路６４Ｂ内に液冷媒が残留していても、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６で加熱された高温の熱媒体で当該残留冷媒を強力に加熱し、蒸発が促進されることになる。そして、蒸発した冷媒は冷媒配管７４を経て圧縮機２に吸い込まれることになる。これにより、冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４内への冷媒の寝込みが解消される。 However, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the heat medium immediately after passing through the heat medium heater 66 (the heat medium not passing through the battery 55 or the like) flows to the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, so that the refrigerant flow path Even if the liquid refrigerant remains in 64B, the residual refrigerant is strongly heated by the high-temperature heat medium heated by the heat medium heating heater 66, and evaporation is promoted. Then, the evaporated refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 2 through the refrigerant pipe 74. As a result, the refrigerant is eliminated from falling into the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64.
　以上の如く本発明によれば、空調コントローラ３２が熱媒体循環回路６１を第１の熱媒体循環モードとし、冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４で冷媒を吸熱させることでバッテリ５５を冷却する車両搭載機器冷却運転を実行し、熱媒体循環回路６１を第１の熱媒体循環モードとし、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６を発熱させることでバッテリ５５を加熱する車両搭載機器加熱運転を実行するようにしたので、バッテリ５５の温度を適用に調整することができるようになる。 As described above, according to the present invention, the air conditioner controller 32 sets the heat medium circulation circuit 61 as the first heat medium circulation mode, and the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 absorbs heat from the refrigerant to cool the battery 55. Since the equipment cooling operation is executed, the heat medium circulation circuit 61 is set to the first heat medium circulation mode, and the vehicle-mounted equipment heating operation for heating the battery 55 by heating the heat medium heating heater 66 is executed. The temperature of the battery 55 can be adjusted to apply.
　また、空調コントローラ３２が熱媒体循環回路６１を第２の熱媒体循環モードとし、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６を発熱させることで熱媒体放熱器２３により車室内を暖房する熱媒体放熱暖房運転を実行するようにしたので、バッテリ５５の温度を調整するための熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６を利用して、車室内の暖房も行うことができるようになり、電気ヒータ等の加熱装置の削減による省スペース化とコストの低減を図ることができるようになる。 Further, the air conditioning controller 32 sets the heat medium circulation circuit 61 to the second heat medium circulation mode, and executes the heat medium heat dissipation heating operation in which the heat medium radiator 23 heats the vehicle interior by heating the heat medium heating heater 66. Therefore, it is possible to heat the interior of the vehicle by using the heat medium heating heater 66 for adjusting the temperature of the battery 55, which saves space by reducing the number of heating devices such as electric heaters. It will be possible to reduce costs.
　特に、本発明では熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６を経た熱媒体が冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４に流れるように構成しているので、実施例の如き暖房運転や冷房運転でバッテリ５５を冷却するために冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４に流通された冷媒が、低外気温環境下で当該冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器の冷媒流路６４Ｂ内に残留している場合に、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６を経た直後の熱媒体によって当該残留冷媒を強力に加熱し、蒸発の促進を図ることができるようになる。これにより、冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４内に冷媒が寝込んで循環冷媒量が減少してしまい、車室内の空調性能が低下する不都合を効果的に回避することが可能となる。 In particular, in the present invention, since the heat medium that has passed through the heat medium heater 66 is configured to flow to the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64, in order to cool the battery 55 in the heating operation or the cooling operation as in the embodiment. When the refrigerant circulated in the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 remains in the refrigerant flow path 64B of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger in a low outside temperature environment, the refrigerant passes through the heat medium heater 66. Immediately after, the heat medium can strongly heat the residual refrigerant to promote evaporation. As a result, it is possible to effectively avoid the inconvenience that the refrigerant falls into the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 and the amount of circulating refrigerant decreases, resulting in deterioration of the air conditioning performance in the vehicle interior.
　また、実施例では熱媒体放熱器２３を放熱器４の風上側に配置しているので、放熱器４により加熱される前の比較的温度が低い空気を熱媒体によって加熱することができるようになる。これにより、高出力の熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６を用いること無く、円滑に車室内の暖房補助を実現することが可能となる。以上の発明は特に圧縮機２に給電するバッテリの温調を行うときに有効である。 Further, in the embodiment, since the heat medium radiator 23 is arranged on the windward side of the radiator 4, the air having a relatively low temperature before being heated by the radiator 4 can be heated by the heat medium. Become. As a result, it is possible to smoothly realize heating assistance in the vehicle interior without using a high-output heat medium heater 66. The above invention is particularly effective when controlling the temperature of the battery that supplies power to the compressor 2.
　次に、図５を参照しながら本発明の車両用空気調和装置１の他の実施例について説明する。図５は車両用空気調和装置１の他の実施例の冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４の内部構成を示している。尚、この図において、図１乃至図４と同一符号で示すものは同一若しくは同様の機能を奏するものとする。 Next, another embodiment of the vehicle air conditioner 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 shows the internal configuration of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 of another embodiment of the vehicle air conditioner 1. In this figure, those shown by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 4 are assumed to have the same or similar functions.
　この実施例の場合、図１、図３及び図４に示した冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４と熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６が一体化されている。即ち、この場合の冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４は、複数枚のプレートを積層して構成され、内部に前述した熱媒体流路６４Ａとそれに熱交換関係で隣接する冷媒流路６４Ｂが形成された冷媒－熱媒体熱交換部８１と、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６を内蔵する熱媒体加熱部８２とから構成され、この冷媒－熱媒体熱交換部８１と熱媒体加熱部８２が一体に構成されている。 In the case of this embodiment, the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 and the heat medium heating heater 66 shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4 are integrated. That is, the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 in this case is configured by laminating a plurality of plates, and the above-mentioned heat medium flow path 64A and the adjacent refrigerant flow path 64B in a heat exchange relationship are formed therein. It is composed of a refrigerant-heat medium heat exchange unit 81 and a heat medium heating unit 82 incorporating a heat medium heating heater 66, and the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchange unit 81 and the heat medium heating unit 82 are integrally configured. There is.
　そして、熱媒体加熱部８２内に熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６が挿入されており、熱媒体加熱部８２の上端部には熱媒体入口８２Ａが形成され、この熱媒体入口８２Ａに熱媒体配管６８Ａが接続される。熱媒体加熱部８２の下端部には熱媒体流路６４Ａに連通する連通部８２Ｂが形成されており、熱媒体入口８２Ａから入り、熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６の周囲を通過した熱媒体が熱媒体流路６４Ａに流出する構造とされている。 A heat medium heating heater 66 is inserted into the heat medium heating unit 82, a heat medium inlet 82A is formed at the upper end of the heat medium heating unit 82, and a heat medium pipe 68A is connected to the heat medium inlet 82A. Will be done. A communication portion 82B communicating with the heat medium flow path 64A is formed at the lower end of the heat medium heating unit 82, and the heat medium that enters from the heat medium inlet 82A and passes around the heat medium heating heater 66 flows through the heat medium. The structure is such that it flows out to the road 64A.
　また、冷媒－熱媒体熱交換部８１の熱媒体流路６４Ａの熱媒体出口８１Ａに熱媒体配管６８Ｃが接続され、冷媒流路６４Ｂの冷媒入口８１Ｂに分岐配管７２が接続され、冷媒出口８１Ｃに冷媒配管７４が接続されることになる。このように、冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器６４と熱媒体加熱ヒータ６６を一体に構成することで、熱媒体配管６８Ｂは省略されることになると共に、著しい省スペース化を図ることができるようになる。 Further, the heat medium pipe 68C is connected to the heat medium outlet 81A of the heat medium flow path 64A of the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchange unit 81, the branch pipe 72 is connected to the refrigerant inlet 81B of the refrigerant flow path 64B, and the refrigerant outlet 81C is connected. The refrigerant pipe 74 will be connected. By integrally configuring the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 64 and the heat medium heating heater 66 in this way, the heat medium pipe 68B can be omitted, and significant space saving can be achieved. Become.
　尚、実施例では車両搭載機器としてバッテリ５５を採り上げたが、それに限らず、請求項７以外の発明では走行用の電動モータやそれを駆動するインバータ装置等にも本発明は有効である。 In the embodiment, the battery 55 is taken up as a vehicle-mounted device, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the present invention is also effective for an electric motor for traveling, an inverter device for driving the electric motor, and the like in inventions other than claim 7.
　また、実施例で説明した空調コントローラ３２の構成、車両用空気調和装置１のヒートポンプ装置ＨＰや熱媒体循環回路６１の構成はそれに限定されるものでは無く、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で変更可能であることは云うまでもない。 Further, the configuration of the air conditioning controller 32 described in the examples, the configuration of the heat pump device HP of the vehicle air conditioner 1 and the configuration of the heat medium circulation circuit 61 are not limited thereto, and are changed within a range not deviating from the gist of the present invention. It goes without saying that it is possible.
　１　車両用空気調和装置
　２　圧縮機
　４　放熱器（室内熱交換器）
　６　室外膨張弁
　７　室外熱交換器
　８　室内膨張弁
　９　吸熱器（室内熱交換器）
　２３　熱媒体放熱器
　３２　空調コントローラ（制御装置）
　５５　バッテリ（車両搭載機器）
　６０　三方弁（流路切換装置）
　６１　熱媒体循環回路
　６２　循環ポンプ（循環装置）
　６４　冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器
　６６　熱媒体加熱ヒータ（加熱装置）
　６８　熱媒体配管
　７２　分岐配管
　７３　補助膨張弁 1 Vehicle air conditioner 2 Compressor 4 Heat exchanger (indoor heat exchanger)
6 Outdoor expansion valve 7 Outdoor heat exchanger 8 Indoor expansion valve 9 Heat absorber (indoor heat exchanger)
23 Heat medium radiator 32 Air conditioning controller (control device)
55 Battery (Vehicle-mounted equipment)
60 Three-way valve (flow path switching device)
61 Heat medium circulation circuit 62 Circulation pump (circulation device)
64 Refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger 66 Heat medium heater (heating device)
68 Heat medium piping 72 Branch piping 73 Auxiliary expansion valve

Claims (8)

  1. 　冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機と、
    　前記冷媒と車室内に供給する空気を熱交換させる室内熱交換器と、
    　車室外に設けられた室外熱交換器と、
    　制御装置を備えて前記車室内を空調する車両用空気調和装置において、
    　車両搭載機器に熱媒体を循環させる熱媒体循環回路を備え、
    　該熱媒体循環回路は、
    　前記熱媒体を循環させる循環装置と、
    　前記冷媒と前記熱媒体を熱交換させるための冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器と、
    　前記熱媒体を加熱する加熱装置と、
    　前記熱媒体と前記車室内に供給する空気を熱交換させる熱媒体放熱器と、
    　前記熱媒体を前記車両搭載機器に流すか、前記熱媒体放熱器に流すかを切り換える流路切換装置を有して、前記加熱装置を経た前記熱媒体が前記冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器に流れるように構成されており、
    　前記制御装置は、
    　前記加熱装置を経た前記熱媒体を前記冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器に流し、該冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器を経た前記熱媒体を前記車両搭載機器に流す第１の熱媒体循環モードと、
    　前記加熱装置を経た前記熱媒体を前記冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器に流し、該冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器を経た前記熱媒体を前記熱媒体放熱器に流す第２の熱媒体循環モードを有することを特徴とする車両用空気調和装置。     A compressor that compresses the refrigerant and
    An indoor heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the air supplied to the passenger compartment.
    An outdoor heat exchanger installed outside the passenger compartment,
    In a vehicle air conditioner equipped with a control device to air-condition the interior of the vehicle,
    Equipped with a heat medium circulation circuit that circulates the heat medium in the vehicle-mounted equipment
    The heat medium circulation circuit is
    A circulatory device that circulates the heat medium and
    Refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger for heat exchange between the refrigerant and the heat medium,
    A heating device that heats the heat medium and
    A heat medium radiator that exchanges heat between the heat medium and the air supplied to the vehicle interior.
    It has a flow path switching device for switching whether the heat medium is passed through the vehicle-mounted device or the heat medium radiator, and the heat medium that has passed through the heating device flows through the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger. Is configured to
    The control device is
    A first heat medium circulation mode in which the heat medium that has passed through the heating device is passed through the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger and the heat medium that has passed through the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger is passed through the vehicle-mounted equipment.
    It has a second heat medium circulation mode in which the heat medium that has passed through the heating device is passed through the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger, and the heat medium that has passed through the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger is passed through the heat medium radiator. An air conditioner for vehicles characterized by this.
  2. 　前記制御装置は、前記熱媒体循環回路を前記第１の熱媒体循環モードとし、前記冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器で前記冷媒を吸熱させることで前記車両搭載機器を冷却する車両搭載機器冷却運転を実行することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の車両用空気調和装置。 In the control device, the heat medium circulation circuit is set to the first heat medium circulation mode, and the vehicle-mounted equipment cooling operation for cooling the vehicle-mounted equipment by absorbing the refrigerant with the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger is performed. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the air conditioner is performed.
  3. 　前記制御装置は、前記熱媒体循環回路を前記第１の熱媒体循環モードとし、前記加熱装置を発熱させることで前記車両搭載機器を加熱する車両搭載機器加熱運転を実行することを特徴とする請求項１又は請求項２に記載の車両用空気調和装置。 The control device is characterized in that the heat medium circulation circuit is set to the first heat medium circulation mode, and the vehicle-mounted equipment heating operation for heating the vehicle-mounted equipment is executed by heating the heating device. The vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1 or 2.
  4. 　前記制御装置は、前記熱媒体循環回路を前記第２の熱媒体循環モードとし、前記加熱装置を発熱させることで前記熱媒体放熱器により前記車室内を暖房する熱媒体放熱暖房運転を実行することを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項３のうちの何れかに記載の車両用空気調和装置。 The control device sets the heat medium circulation circuit in the second heat medium circulation mode, and executes a heat medium heat dissipation heating operation in which the vehicle interior is heated by the heat medium radiator by heating the heating device. The vehicle air conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the air conditioner for a vehicle is characterized.
  5. 　前記制御装置は、前記圧縮機から吐出された前記冷媒を前記室内熱交換器にて放熱させることで前記車室内を暖房する暖房運転を実行すると共に、
    　前記熱媒体放熱器は、前記車室内に供給する空気の流通路において、前記室内熱交換器の風上側に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項４のうちの何れかに記載の車両用空気調和装置。     The control device executes a heating operation for heating the passenger compartment by dissipating the refrigerant discharged from the compressor by the indoor heat exchanger.
    The heat medium radiator is according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heat medium radiator is arranged on the windward side of the indoor heat exchanger in the air flow passage supplied to the vehicle interior. The vehicle air conditioner described.
  6. 　前記室内熱交換器としての放熱器及び吸熱器を備え、
    　前記制御装置は、
    　前記圧縮機から吐出された前記冷媒を前記放熱器にて放熱させ、前記室外熱交換器及び／又は前記冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器にて吸熱させることで前記車室内を暖房する暖房運転と、
    　前記圧縮機から吐出された前記冷媒を前記室外熱交換器にて放熱させ、前記吸熱器にて吸熱させることで前記車室内を冷房する冷房運転を実行すると共に、
    　前記暖房運転及び／又は前記冷房運転において、前記冷媒を前記冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器で吸熱させることにより、前記車両搭載機器を冷却可能とされていることを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項５のうちの何れかに記載の車両用空気調和装置。     A radiator and a heat absorber as the indoor heat exchanger are provided.
    The control device is
    A heating operation in which the refrigerant discharged from the compressor is dissipated by the radiator and is absorbed by the outdoor heat exchanger and / or the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger to heat the passenger compartment.
    The refrigerant discharged from the compressor is dissipated by the outdoor heat exchanger, and the heat absorber absorbs heat to execute a cooling operation for cooling the passenger compartment.
    Claims 1 to 1, wherein, in the heating operation and / or the cooling operation, the vehicle-mounted equipment can be cooled by absorbing the refrigerant with the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger. The vehicle air conditioner according to any one of 5.
  7. 　前記車両搭載機器は、前記圧縮機に給電するバッテリであることを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項６のうちの何れかに記載の車両用空気調和装置。 The vehicle air conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the vehicle-mounted device is a battery that supplies power to the compressor.
  8. 　前記冷媒－熱媒体熱交換器と前記加熱装置が一体に構成されていることを特徴とする請求項１乃至請求項７のうちの何れかに記載の車両用空気調和装置。 The vehicle air conditioner according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the refrigerant-heat medium heat exchanger and the heating device are integrally configured.
PCT/JP2020/023675 2019-06-26 2020-06-17 Vehicle air-conditioner WO2020262125A1 (en)

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JP2001018635A (en) * 1999-06-02 2001-01-23 Valeo Klimasyst Gmbh Independent type air conditioner for automobile
JP2010260449A (en) * 2009-05-07 2010-11-18 Nippon Soken Inc Air conditioner for vehicle
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