WO2020246412A1 - Échangeur de chaleur à plaques et distributeur pour échangeur de chaleur à plaques - Google Patents

Échangeur de chaleur à plaques et distributeur pour échangeur de chaleur à plaques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020246412A1
WO2020246412A1 PCT/JP2020/021530 JP2020021530W WO2020246412A1 WO 2020246412 A1 WO2020246412 A1 WO 2020246412A1 JP 2020021530 W JP2020021530 W JP 2020021530W WO 2020246412 A1 WO2020246412 A1 WO 2020246412A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fluid
flow path
distribution
heat exchanger
distributor
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2020/021530
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
田中　信雄
Original Assignee
株式会社日阪製作所
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社日阪製作所 filed Critical 株式会社日阪製作所
Priority to CN202080040611.2A priority Critical patent/CN113924454B/zh
Priority to EP20818340.0A priority patent/EP3978856B1/fr
Priority to JP2021524829A priority patent/JP7122469B2/ja
Publication of WO2020246412A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020246412A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F28D9/0075—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements the plates having openings therein for circulation of the heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0037—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the conduits for the other heat-exchange medium also being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0031—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other
    • F28D9/0043—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another
    • F28D9/005—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by paired plates touching each other the plates having openings therein for circulation of at least one heat-exchange medium from one conduit to another the plates having openings therein for both heat-exchange media
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
    • F28D9/0068—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements with means for changing flow direction of one heat exchange medium, e.g. using deflecting zones
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
    • F28F3/04—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element
    • F28F3/042—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element
    • F28F3/046—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being integral with the element in the form of local deformations of the element the deformations being linear, e.g. corrugations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
    • F28F3/08—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
    • F28F3/083—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning capable of being taken apart
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F28F9/027—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits in the form of distribution pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/026—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits
    • F28F9/027—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits in the form of distribution pipes
    • F28F9/0273—Header boxes; End plates with static flow control means, e.g. with means for uniformly distributing heat exchange media into conduits in the form of distribution pipes with multiple holes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/26—Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a plate heat exchanger used as an evaporator or a condenser, and a distributor for a plate heat exchanger.
  • this plate heat exchanger used as an evaporator for evaporating a fluid or a condenser for condensing a fluid has been known (see Patent Document 1).
  • this plate heat exchanger includes a plurality of heat transfer plates 101.
  • the first flow path Fa through which the first fluid A to be evaporated or condensed flows and the first fluid A are evaporated.
  • a second flow path Fb through which the second fluid B to be condensed is circulated is formed.
  • the second fluid B is a fluid that is subject to heat exchange with the first fluid A.
  • the first fluid supply path Fa1 communicating with the first flow path Fa and the first fluid A flowing into the first flow path Fa communicates with the first flow path Fa.
  • a second fluid discharge path Fb2 that communicates with the second flow path Fb and allows the second fluid B to flow out from the second flow path Fb is formed.
  • Each of the plurality of heat transfer plates 101 is a rectangular plate, and has a plurality of concave and convex stripes on both sides.
  • the protrusions of the adjacent heat transfer plates 101 intersect with each other, so that the first flow path Fa or the second flow path Fb is formed between the adjacent heat transfer plates 101. It is formed.
  • the first flow path Fa and the second flow path Fb are alternately formed with the heat transfer plate 101 as a boundary.
  • each of the plurality of heat transfer plates 101 has through holes at the four corners.
  • the through holes at these four corners are the first through hole 102, the second through hole 103, the third through hole 104, and the fourth through hole 105. Therefore, by superimposing the plurality of heat transfer plates 101, the first through holes 102 are connected in the X-axis direction to form the first fluid supply path Fa1. Further, the second through holes 103 are connected in the X-axis direction to form the first fluid discharge path Fa2. Further, the third through hole 104 is connected in the X-axis direction to form the second fluid supply path Fb1. Further, the fourth through hole 105 is connected in the X-axis direction to form the second fluid discharge path Fb2.
  • the first fluid A supplied to the first fluid supply path Fa1 flows into the first flow path Fa and flows through the first flow path Fa, and then first. It flows out to the fluid discharge path Fa2.
  • the second fluid B supplied to the second fluid supply path Fb1 flows into the second flow path Fb, flows through the second flow path Fb, and then flows out to the second fluid discharge path Fb2.
  • the first fluid A flowing through the first flow path Fa and the second fluid B flowing through the second flow path Fb exchange heat via the heat transfer plate 101, so that the first fluid A evaporates or condenses.
  • the plate type heat exchanger 100 when the number of superposed heat transfer plates 101 increases, the total heat transfer area contributing to heat exchange increases, so that the heat exchange performance is improved.
  • the first fluid supply path Fa1 becomes longer and the flow resistance of the first fluid A flowing through the first fluid supply path Fa1 increases.
  • uneven distribution of the first fluid A with respect to the plurality of first flow paths Fa occurs, which lowers the heat exchange performance.
  • the flow resistance when the first fluid A flows through the first fluid supply path Fa1 increases. Therefore, when the number of heat transfer plates 101 stacked in the plate heat exchanger 100 increases, the flow resistance causes the first fluid A to flow into the first flow path Fa on the inlet side of the first fluid supply path Fa1. The amount and the inflow amount of the first fluid A into the first flow path Fa on the inner side of the first fluid supply path Fa1 become non-uniform. That is, in the plate heat exchanger 100, when the number of heat transfer plates 101 to be overlapped increases, uneven distribution of the first fluid A due to the flow resistance occurs. When this uneven distribution occurs, the heat exchange performance of the plate heat exchanger 100 deteriorates as compared with the case where there is no uneven distribution.
  • the plate heat exchanger 100 there is a limit to the improvement of the heat exchange performance (evaporation performance or condensation performance) by increasing the number of the heat transfer plates 101 to be overlapped.
  • the plate heat exchanger has a plurality of heat transfer plates extending in a plane direction orthogonal to a predetermined direction, and the plurality of heat transfer plates are superposed in the predetermined direction to allow the first fluid to flow through the first flow path and the second fluid.
  • a heat exchanger body in which a plurality of first flow paths and at least one second flow path are formed so that the second flow paths for circulating the fluid are alternately arranged with each heat transfer plate as a boundary.
  • a distributor that distributes the first fluid to the plurality of first flow paths is provided.
  • Each of the two or more heat transfer plates arranged in succession among the plurality of heat transfer plates has through holes at positions where they overlap each other when viewed from the predetermined direction.
  • the two or more heat transfer plates arranged in succession form a communication space in which each through hole is connected in the predetermined direction to communicate with each first flow path.
  • the distributor is a tubular wall that surrounds a hollow portion that extends in the predetermined direction in the communication space and through which the first fluid supplied from the outside of the heat exchanger body flows, and is a tubular wall of the tubular wall. It has a tubular wall with a plurality of tubular portions stacked in the thickness direction, The tubular wall has a distribution flow path through which the first fluid can flow in two or more tubular portions that are continuously overlapped in the thickness direction among the plurality of tubular portions.
  • the distribution channel is A distribution unit that distributes the first fluid that has flowed into the distribution flow path from the hollow portion to one and the other in the predetermined direction, and is an outlet of the one-side distribution unit through which the first fluid flows out to the one and the said.
  • a distributor including the outlet of the other side where the first fluid flows out to the other, Directly or indirectly communicate with the outlet of the one-side distribution unit or the outlet of the other-side distribution unit, and penetrate the outermost tubular portion in at least the thickness direction to communicate with the communication space or the first flow path, respectively.
  • Including multiple outflow parts that communicate The plurality of outflow portions are arranged at intervals in the predetermined direction.
  • the distribution flow path may include an opening communicating with the hollow portion and a connection flow path extending along the circumferential direction of the tubular wall and connecting the opening and the distribution portion.
  • the distribution unit includes a distribution unit inlet that communicates with the hollow portion and allows the first fluid to flow into the distribution unit from the hollow portion.
  • the distributor has a direction changing member arranged at a position corresponding to the inlet of the distributor in the hollow portion of the tubular wall.
  • the direction changing member has an internal space in which the hollow portion and the inlet of the distribution portion are communicated with each other and through which the first fluid can flow, and the flow direction of the first fluid is changed by passing through the internal space.
  • the orientation may be along the thickness direction of the tubular wall at the distribution portion inlet position.
  • the heat exchanger main body has an opening at a boundary position between the communication space and the first flow path, through which the first fluid passes when the first fluid flows from the communication space into the first flow path. At each opening, a differential pressure may be generated between the communication space and the first flow path when the first fluid flows through the heat exchanger body.
  • the distributor for the plate heat exchanger is Each has a plurality of heat transfer plates extending in a plane direction orthogonal to a predetermined direction, and the plurality of heat transfer plates are superposed in the predetermined direction to allow the first fluid to flow through the first flow path and the second fluid.
  • a plate-type heat exchange including a heat exchanger main body in which a plurality of first flow paths and at least one second flow path are formed so that the second flow paths for circulating the fluid are alternately arranged with each heat transfer plate as a boundary.
  • the vessel it is a communication space formed by connecting through holes of each of two or more heat transfer plates that are continuously arranged among the plurality of heat transfer plates in the predetermined direction, and is a communication space formed with each first flow path.
  • a distributor for a plate heat exchanger capable of distributing the first fluid to the plurality of first flow paths by arranging the first fluid in a communicating space.
  • a tubular wall that surrounds a hollow portion that extends in the predetermined direction and through which the first fluid is supplied from the outside of the plate heat exchanger when arranged in the communication space is provided.
  • the tubular wall includes a plurality of tubular portions that overlap in the thickness direction of the tubular wall, and in two or more tubular portions that continuously overlap in the thickness direction of the plurality of tubular portions. Has a distribution channel through which the first fluid can flow.
  • the distribution channel is A distribution unit that distributes the first fluid that has flowed into the distribution flow path from the hollow portion to one and the other in the predetermined direction, and is an outlet of the one-side distribution unit through which the first fluid flows out to the one and the said.
  • a distributor including the outlet of the other side where the first fluid flows out to the other, It communicates directly or indirectly with the outlet of the one-side distribution section or the outlet of the other-side distribution section, and communicates with the communication space or the first flow path by penetrating at least the outermost tubular portion in the thickness direction. Including multiple outflows possible
  • the plurality of outflow portions are arranged at intervals in the predetermined direction.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a plate heat exchanger according to the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of the plate heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the plate heat exchanger with a part omitted.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view at the IV-IV position of FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a state in which the distributor is removed in FIG.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view at the VI-VI position of FIG.
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the distributor.
  • FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of the distributor.
  • FIG. 9 is a view of the distributor as viewed from the opening direction of the inflow opening.
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XX of FIG. FIG.
  • FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line XI-XI of FIG.
  • FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the outer tubular portion of the distributor.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining the distribution flow path of the distributor.
  • FIG. 14 is a partially enlarged view of FIG.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining the distribution flow path.
  • FIG. 16A is a schematic view showing a path through which the first fluid flowing out of the distributor flows into the first flow path.
  • FIG. 16B is a conceptual diagram for explaining the flow path cross-sectional area of the first fluid used when setting the opening area of the upstream end opening.
  • FIG. 17 is a view seen from the opening direction of the inflow opening of the distributor according to the other embodiment.
  • FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional view of the XVIII-XVIII position of FIG.
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram for explaining a distribution flow path of the distributor.
  • FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the direction changing member.
  • FIG. 21 is a perspective view of the direction changing member.
  • FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the arrangement state of the direction changing member.
  • FIG. 23 is a diagram for explaining an installation state of a plurality of distributors.
  • FIG. 24 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view for explaining the configuration of the distribution flow path according to the other embodiment.
  • FIG. 25 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view for explaining the opening direction of the inflow opening of the distribution flow path according to the other embodiment.
  • FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the direction changing member.
  • FIG. 21 is a perspective view of the direction changing member.
  • FIG. 22 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the arrangement state of the direction changing member.
  • FIG. 23 is
  • FIG. 26 is a front view of a conventional plate heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the position of XXVII-XXVII in FIG.
  • FIG. 28 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the XXVIII-XXVIII positions of FIG.
  • the plate type heat exchanger according to the present embodiment evaporates or condenses the first fluid by exchanging heat with the second fluid.
  • the heat exchanger has a heat exchanger main body 2 having a plurality of heat transfer plates 21 each extending in a plane direction orthogonal to a predetermined direction, and inside the heat exchanger main body 2.
  • a distributor 5 that is arranged to distribute the first fluid A is provided.
  • the heat transfer plate 21 is schematically described with the unevenness omitted.
  • the heat exchanger main body 2 includes a plurality of heat transfer plates 21 (in this embodiment, four or more) stacked in a predetermined direction, and a plurality of gaskets 22 arranged between the heat transfer plates 21. It has a pair of end plates 23 and 24 that sandwich a plurality of superposed heat transfer plates 21 (heat transfer plate group 21A) from both sides in a predetermined direction.
  • heat transfer plate group 21A heat transfer plate group 21A
  • the heat transfer plate 21 of the present embodiment is a rectangular plate.
  • the overlapping direction of the heat transfer plates 21 (the predetermined direction) is defined as the X-axis direction in the Cartesian coordinate system, and the short side direction of the heat transfer plate 21 is defined as the Y-axis direction in the Cartesian coordinate system.
  • the long side direction of the plate 21 is the Z-axis direction of the Cartesian coordinate system.
  • Each of the two or more heat transfer plates 21 that are continuously arranged in the X-axis direction among the plurality of heat transfer plates 21 has through holes (first holes 211) at overlapping positions when viewed from the X-axis direction.
  • the two or more heat transfer plates 21 arranged in succession form a connected space Ra1 in which the first holes 211 are connected in the X-axis direction to communicate with the first flow path Ra (see FIG. 5).
  • each heat transfer plate 21 has a first hole 211, and the communication space Ra1 extends from one end to the other end of the heat transfer plate group 21A in the X-axis direction.
  • each heat transfer plate 21 is a metal plate and has a long rectangular shape in the Z-axis direction. A large number of protrusions and recesses are formed on each surface of the heat transfer plate 21 in the X-axis direction.
  • the convex portion of the present embodiment constitutes a convex strip by extending along a YZ plane (a plane including the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction). Further, the recess also forms a recess by extending along the YY plane.
  • the heat transfer plate 21 is formed by pressing a flat metal plate. Therefore, a convex portion (convex portion) on one surface of the heat transfer plate 21 and a concave portion (recessed portion) on the other surface are formed at the same portion of the heat transfer plate 21 in the X-axis direction. That is, in the portion of the heat transfer plate 21, when one surface constitutes a convex (convex) 211, the other surface constitutes a concave (concave) 212, and the one surface When the surface constitutes a concave (recess), the other surface constitutes a convex (convex).
  • each heat transfer plate 21 has through holes (first hole 211, second hole 212, third hole 213, fourth hole 214) at four corners (see FIG. 3).
  • Each of the through holes 211, 212, 213, and 214 of the present embodiment is a round hole.
  • the diameters (hole diameters) of the first hole 211, the second hole 212, the third hole 213, and the fourth hole 214 are the same.
  • the gasket 22 is sandwiched between the heat transfer plates 21 and is in close contact with each heat transfer plate 21 to define a flow path or the like through which the first fluid A or the second fluid B flows between the heat transfer plates 21. Ensure liquidtightness of the flow path, etc.
  • the gasket 22 has at least one endless annular portion.
  • Each of the pair of end plates 23 and 24 is a plate-shaped member having a shape corresponding to the heat transfer plate 21. Since these pair of end plates 23 and 24 firmly sandwich the heat transfer plate group 21A, that is, a plurality of stacked heat transfer plates 21 (200 in the example of the present embodiment), sufficient strength is ensured. It is a thick plate-shaped member.
  • One of the pair of end plates 23, 24 corresponds to each through hole (first hole 211, second hole 212, third hole 213, fourth hole 214) of the heat transfer plate 21. It has through holes 231, 232, 233, 234 in position.
  • Each of the pair of end plates 23 and 24 of the present embodiment has a rectangular plate shape. And one end plate 23 has through holes 231, 232, 233, 234 at four corners.
  • the heat exchanger main body 2 having each of the above configurations 21, 22, 23, 24, a plurality of heat transfer plates 21 are superposed on each other so that the gasket 22 is sandwiched between the adjacent heat transfer plates 21.
  • Group 21A is composed.
  • the pair of end plates 23 and 24 are bolted by long bolts 25 in a state where the heat transfer plate group 21A is sandwiched from the outside in the X-axis direction.
  • the protrusions of the adjacent heat transfer plates 21 intersect with each other and come into close contact with each heat transfer plate 21 in which the gasket 22 is sandwiched.
  • a region where liquidtightness is ensured is formed between the heat transfer plates 21 and the like.
  • the region where the liquidtightness is ensured is a region through which the first fluid A or the second fluid B flows, such as the first flow path Ra, the second flow path Rb, and the communication space Ra1. Details of the region are as follows.
  • the first flow path Ra or the second flow path Rb is formed between the adjacent heat transfer plates 21.
  • the first flow path Ra and the second flow path Rb are alternately arranged in the X-axis direction with the heat transfer plate 21 as a boundary. That is, the heat exchanger main body 2 has a plurality of first flow paths Ra and at least one second flow path Rb.
  • the first fluid A flows through the first flow path Ra toward one side in the Z-axis direction (upper in FIG. 4), and the second fluid B flows through the second flow path Rb. It flows toward the other side in the Z-axis direction (downward in FIG. 6).
  • the first holes 211 are connected in the X-axis direction to form a connected space Ra1 that communicates with each first flow path Ra and in which the distributor 5 is arranged.
  • This communication space Ra1 extends from one end in the X-axis direction to the other end in the heat transfer plate group 21A.
  • One end (left in FIG. 5) of the communication space Ra1 in the X-axis direction communicates with the external space through the through hole 231 of one end plate 23, and the other end (right in FIG. 5) in the X-axis direction. Is in contact with the other end plate 24 or a heat transfer plate immediately preceding the end plate 24 (a heat transfer plate having no through holes 211, 212, 213, 214).
  • the second holes 212 are connected in the X-axis direction to communicate with each first flow path Ra and merge the first fluid A flowing out from each first flow path Ra to form a heat transfer plate.
  • a first fluid discharge path Ra2 is formed that guides the group 21A to one end in the X-axis direction.
  • the first fluid discharge path Ra2 extends from one end in the X-axis direction to the other end in the heat transfer plate group 21A.
  • One end of the first fluid discharge path Ra2 in the X-axis direction communicates with the external space through the through hole 232 of one end plate 23, and the other end in the X-axis direction is the other end plate 24 or the end plate. It is in contact with the heat transfer plate immediately before 24.
  • the third holes 213 are connected in the X-axis direction, so that the second fluid B communicating with each second flow path Rb and supplied from the outside is used.
  • a second fluid supply path Rb1 that flows into the second flow path Rb is formed.
  • the second fluid supply path Rb1 extends from one end in the X-axis direction of the heat transfer plate group 21A to the other end.
  • One end of the second fluid supply path Rb1 in the X-axis direction communicates with the external space through the through hole 233 of one end plate 23, and the other end in the X-axis direction is the other end plate 24 or the end plate. It is in contact with the heat transfer plate immediately before 24.
  • the fourth hole 214 is connected in the X-axis direction so that the second fluid B that communicates with each second flow path Rb and flows out from each second flow path Rb joins and transmits.
  • a second fluid discharge path Rb2 that guides the heat plate group 21A to one end in the X-axis direction is formed.
  • the second fluid discharge path Rb2 extends from one end in the X-axis direction to the other end in the heat transfer plate group 21A.
  • One end of the second fluid discharge path Rb2 in the X-axis direction communicates with the external space through the through hole 234 of one end plate 23, and the other end in the X-axis direction is the other end plate 24 or the end plate. It is in contact with the heat transfer plate immediately before 24.
  • the distributor 5 distributes the first fluid A supplied from the outside of the heat exchanger main body 2 to each of the plurality of first flow paths Ra.
  • the distributor 5 is a hollow space extending in the X-axis direction in the communication space Ra1 and through which the first fluid A supplied from the outside of the heat exchanger body 2 flows. It has a tubular wall (cylindrical wall) surrounding the portion S.
  • the tubular wall of the present embodiment has a cylindrical shape, and the distributor 5 is composed of only the tubular wall. That is, the distributor (cylindrical wall) 5 of the present embodiment has a cylindrical shape.
  • the distributor 5 has a plurality of tubular portions 50 that overlap in the radial direction (thickness direction of the tubular wall).
  • the distributor 5 has a distribution flow path 6 through which the first fluid A can flow in at least two tubular portions 50 that are continuously overlapped in the radial direction among the plurality of tubular portions 50 (FIGS. 10 and 10). 11).
  • the distributor 5 of the present embodiment extends from one end of the communication space Ra1 to the other end in the X direction. That is, one end of the distributor 5 in the X-axis direction is located in the through hole 231 of one end plate 23, and the other end of the distributor 5 in the X-axis direction is the other end plate 24 or the end plate. It is in contact with the heat transfer plate immediately before 24.
  • the hollow portion S of the distributor 5 communicates with the external space of the heat exchanger main body 2 through the through hole 231 of one end plate 23.
  • the distributor 5 of the present embodiment has two tubular portions 50 (outer tubular portion 51, inner tubular portion 52) that overlap in the radial direction.
  • the distribution flow path 6 is formed in the two tubular portions 51 and 52 that overlap each other in the radial direction.
  • the outer tubular portion 51 is a cylindrical member.
  • the outer diameter of the outer tubular portion 51 is smaller than the diameter of the first hole 211 of the heat transfer plate 21.
  • a gap G is formed between the outer peripheral surface 51a of the outer tubular portion 51 and the opening peripheral edge of the first hole 211 of each heat transfer plate 21. (See Fig. 4).
  • a flange is provided at the end of the distributor 5 in the X-axis direction, and the flange is fixed to the opening peripheral edge of the through hole 231 of one end plate 23. The gap G is maintained.
  • the outer tubular portion 51 has a plurality of through holes 511.
  • Each of the plurality of through holes 511 is a hole through which the first fluid A flowing through the distribution flow path 6 flows out of the distributor 5.
  • the plurality of through holes 511 are arranged at positions corresponding to the downstream ends of the distribution flow path 6 (outflow portion 616: see FIG. 14). These plurality of through holes 511 are arranged at intervals in the X-axis direction.
  • a row of through holes 511 is formed at a portion on the other side in the Z-axis direction (a portion on the lower side in FIG. 12) so as to extend over the entire area in the X-axis direction.
  • a row of through holes 511 composed of a plurality of through holes 511 (16 in the example shown in FIG. 12) arranged at intervals in the X-axis direction are spaced apart in the circumferential direction. A plurality of them (two rows in the example shown in FIG. 12) are arranged.
  • the inner tubular portion 52 is a cylindrical member arranged inside the outer tubular portion 51, and has an outer diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the outer tubular portion 51.
  • the inner tubular portion 52 has a groove 521 having a shape corresponding to the distribution flow path 6 on the outer peripheral surface 52a. Further, the inner tubular portion 52 defines (surrounds) the hollow portion S by the inner peripheral surface 52b. Further, the inner tubular portion 52 has an inflow opening 53 that communicates the hollow portion S with the inside of the groove 521.
  • the inner tubular portion 52 is arranged inside the outer tubular portion 51, that is, the outer tubular portion 51 and the inner tubular portion 52 overlap in the radial direction, so that the groove 521 of the inner tubular portion 52
  • the radial outer opening in the above is covered by the inner peripheral surface 51b of the outer tubular portion 51.
  • the space (region) surrounded by the groove 521 and the inner peripheral surface 51b functions as the distribution flow path 6.
  • the distribution flow path 6 distributes the first fluid A flowing in from the hollow portion S to one and the other in the X-axis direction at least once, and corresponds to each of the plurality of first flow paths Ra arranged in the X-axis direction. Outflow from distributor 5 at position.
  • this distribution flow path 6 includes a first distribution unit (distribution unit) 603 and a plurality of outflow units 616. Further, the distribution flow path 6 includes an inflow opening (opening) 601 and a first connection flow path (connection flow path) 602.
  • the first distribution unit 603 distributes the first fluid A flowing into the distribution flow path 6 to one and the other in the X-axis direction.
  • the plurality of outflow portions 616 communicate directly or indirectly with the first distribution portion 603 and communicate with the communication space Ra1 or the corresponding first flow path Ra by penetrating the outer tubular portion 51, respectively.
  • the inflow opening 601 communicates with the hollow portion S of the distributor 5.
  • the first connection flow path 602 extends along the circumferential direction of the distributor 5 and connects the inflow opening 601 and the first distribution unit 603.
  • FIG. 13 shows a state in which the distributor 5 is cut and deployed in the X-axis direction (the central axis C direction of the distributor 5: see FIG. 7) so as to pass through a position opposite to the center of the inflow opening 53 in the circumferential direction.
  • FIG. 14 is a partially enlarged view of FIG.
  • FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a path pattern of the distribution flow path 6 in a state in which the distributor 5 is cut and expanded in the X-axis direction so as to pass through the center of the inflow opening 53 of the inner tubular portion 52.
  • the distribution flow path 6 of the present embodiment has an inflow opening 601, a first connection flow path 602, a first distribution section 603, and a first distribution in order from the upstream end to the downstream end of the distribution flow path 6.
  • the distribution flow path 6 is substantially line-symmetric with respect to the virtual line C1 extending in the circumferential direction through the center of the inflow opening 53 (inflow opening 601). Further, the distribution flow path 6 is substantially line-symmetric with respect to the virtual line C2 extending in the X-axis direction through the center. Therefore, in the following, the distribution path of the first fluid A from the inflow opening 601 to one outflow portion 616 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 13 to 15.
  • the inflow opening 601 is an upstream end of the distribution flow path 6, and allows the first fluid A flowing through the hollow portion S to flow into the distribution flow path 6 by communicating with the hollow portion S.
  • the inflow opening 601 is composed of an inflow opening 53 of an inner tubular portion 52.
  • the inflow opening 601 of the present embodiment is arranged at the center position of the distributor 5 in the X-axis direction.
  • the first connection flow path 602 connects the inflow opening 601 and the first distribution section 603 by extending along the circumferential direction.
  • the first connection flow path 602 of the present embodiment extends from the inflow opening 601 to one (right side in FIG. 13) and the other (left side in FIG. 13) in the circumferential direction, respectively. That is, two first connection flow paths 602 are arranged.
  • the first distribution unit 603 distributes the first fluid A flowing into the first distribution unit 603 to one (upper in FIG. 13) and the other (lower in FIG. 13) in the X-axis direction.
  • the first distribution unit 603 is arranged on the opposite side of the inflow opening 601 in the circumferential direction, and the first distribution unit inlet (distribution unit inlet) 6031 into which the first fluid A flows in and the first fluid One side outlet (one side distribution part outlet) 6032 where A flows out to one side in the X-axis direction, and the other side outlet (the other side distribution part outlet) 6033 where the first fluid A flows out to the other side in the X-axis direction.
  • the first distribution unit inlet distributed unit inlet
  • One side outlet one side distribution part outlet
  • the other side outlet the other side distribution part outlet
  • the first distribution section 603 of the present embodiment extends from the inflow opening 601 to the first distribution section inlet 6031a communicating with the first connection flow path 602 extending in one direction in the circumferential direction and from the inflow opening 601 to the other in the circumferential direction. Includes a first distribution section inlet 6031b that communicates with the first connection flow path 602. That is, the first distribution unit 603 includes two first distribution unit inlets 6031a and 6031b.
  • the first distribution flow path 604 extends from the first distribution unit 603 in each of one and the other in the X-axis direction. That is, a pair of first distribution flow paths 604 are arranged for one first distribution unit 603. Specifically, one of the first distribution flow paths 604 of the pair of first distribution flow paths 604 extends from one side outlet 6032 of the first distribution section 603 in one direction in the X-axis direction. Further, the other first distribution flow path 604b of the pair of first distribution flow paths 604 extends from the other side outlet 6033 of the first distribution section 603 to the other in the X-axis direction. One of the first distribution channels 604a and the other first distribution channel 604b have the same length.
  • the circumferential distribution unit 605 communicates with the first distribution flow path 604 and distributes the first fluid A flowing in from the first distribution flow path 604 to one and the other in the circumferential direction.
  • the circumferential distribution unit 605 is arranged at a position spaced apart from the first distribution unit 603 in the X-axis direction, and the circumferential distribution unit inlet 6051 into which the first fluid A flows in and the first fluid A are It includes a one-sided outlet 6052 that flows out to one of the circumferential directions and a other-sided outlet 6053 that the first fluid A flows out to the other in the circumferential direction.
  • the circumferential distribution flow path 606 extends from the circumferential distribution unit 605 to one of the circumferential directions and the other. That is, a pair of circumferential distribution channels 606 are arranged for one circumferential distribution unit 605. Specifically, one of the pair of circumferential distribution channels 606, the circumferential distribution channel 606a, extends in one of the circumferential directions from one side outlet 6052 of the circumferential distribution section 605. Further, the other circumferential distribution flow path 606b of the pair of circumferential distribution flow paths 606 extends from the other side outlet 6053 of the circumferential distribution section 605 to the other in the circumferential direction. The one circumferential distribution flow path 606a and the other circumferential distribution flow path 606b have the same length.
  • the second distribution unit 607 communicates with the circumferential distribution flow path 606 and distributes the first fluid A flowing in from the circumferential distribution flow path 606 to one and the other in the X-axis direction.
  • the second distribution unit 607 is arranged at a position spaced apart from the circumferential distribution unit 605 in the circumferential direction, and the second distribution unit inlet 6071 into which the first fluid A flows in and the first fluid A are X. It includes a one-sided outlet 6072 that flows out in one axial direction and a other-sided outlet 6073 in which the first fluid A flows out to the other in the X-axis direction.
  • the second distribution flow path 608 extends from the second distribution section 607 to one side and the other side in the X-axis direction. That is, a pair of second distribution flow paths 608 are arranged for one second distribution unit 607. Specifically, one of the second distribution flow paths 608 of the pair of second distribution flow paths 608 extends from one side outlet 6072 of the second distribution section 607 in one direction in the X-axis direction. Further, the other second distribution flow path 608b of the pair of second distribution flow paths 608 extends from the other side outlet 6073 of the second distribution section 607 to the other in the X-axis direction. One of the second distribution channels 608a and the other second distribution channel 608b have the same length.
  • the second connection flow path 609 extends in the circumferential direction to connect the second distribution flow path 608 and the third distribution section 610.
  • the second connection flow path 609 of the present embodiment extends from the downstream end of the second distribution flow path 608 to the other in the circumferential direction.
  • the third distribution unit 610 communicates with the second connection flow path 609 and distributes the first fluid A flowing in from the second connection flow path 609 to one and the other in the X-axis direction.
  • the third distribution unit 610 is arranged at a position spaced apart from the downstream end of the second distribution flow path 608 in the circumferential direction, and has the third distribution unit inlet 6101 into which the first fluid A flows and the first. It includes a one-sided outlet 6102 in which the fluid A flows out in one direction in the X-axis direction, and a other-side outlet 6103 in which the first fluid A flows out to the other in the X-axis direction.
  • the third distribution flow path 611 extends from the third distribution section 610 to one side and the other side in the X-axis direction. That is, a pair of third distribution channels 611 are arranged for one third distribution section 610. Specifically, one of the pair of third distribution channels 611, the third distribution channel 611a, extends from one side outlet 6102 of the third distribution section 610 in one direction in the X-axis direction. Further, the other third distribution flow path 611b of the pair of third distribution flow paths 611 extends from the other side outlet 6103 of the third distribution section 610 to the other in the X-axis direction. One of the third distribution channels 611a and the other third distribution channel 611b have the same length.
  • the third connection flow path 612 connects the third distribution flow path 611 and the fourth distribution section 613 by extending in the circumferential direction.
  • the third connection flow path 612 of the present embodiment extends from the downstream end of the third distribution flow path 611 in one of the circumferential directions.
  • the fourth distribution unit 613 communicates with the third connection flow path 612 and distributes the first fluid A flowing in from the third connection flow path 612 to one and the other in the X-axis direction.
  • the fourth distribution section 613 is arranged at a position spaced apart from the downstream end of the third distribution flow path 611 in the circumferential direction, and the fourth distribution section inlet 6131 into which the first fluid A flows, and the first It includes a one-sided outlet 6132 in which the fluid A flows out in one direction in the X-axis direction, and a other-side outlet 6133 in which the first fluid A flows out to the other in the X-axis direction.
  • the fourth distribution flow path 614 extends from the fourth distribution section 613 in one side and the other side in the X-axis direction. That is, a pair of fourth distribution channels 614 are arranged for one fourth distribution section 613. Specifically, the fourth distribution flow path 614a of one of the pair of fourth distribution flow paths 614 extends from one side outlet 6132 of the fourth distribution section 613 in one direction in the X-axis direction. Further, the other fourth distribution flow path 614b of the pair of fourth distribution flow paths 614 extends from the other side outlet 6133 of the fourth distribution section 613 to the other in the X-axis direction. The fourth distribution flow path 614a on one side and the fourth distribution flow path 614b on the other side have the same length.
  • the fourth connection flow path 615 extends in the circumferential direction to connect the fourth distribution flow path 614 and the outflow portion 616.
  • the fourth connection flow path 615 of the present embodiment extends from the downstream end of the fourth distribution flow path 614 to the other in the circumferential direction.
  • the outflow portion 616 is a downstream end of the distribution flow path 6, and the first fluid A flowing through the distribution flow path 6 flows out to the communication space Ra1 or the first flow path Ra by communicating with the communication space Ra1 or the first flow path Ra. Let me.
  • the outflow portion 616 is composed of a through hole 511 of the outer tubular portion 51.
  • the distribution flow path 6 of the present embodiment includes the same number of distribution channels from the inflow opening 601 to the outflow portion 616 configured as described above (32 in the example of the present embodiment). .. Then, in the distribution channel 6, the number of distribution channels corresponding to the number of the outflow portions 616 are the same distance.
  • the heat exchanger 1 configured as described above, when the first fluid A is supplied to the hollow portion S of the distributor 5 through the through hole 231 from a pipe or the like connected to the through hole 231 of one end plate 23. , The first fluid A flows through the hollow portion S toward the other side in the X-axis direction. Then, when the first fluid A reaches the inflow opening 53 (inflow opening 601) arranged in the middle portion in the X-axis direction of the hollow portion S, the distribution flow path 6 is transmitted from the inflow opening 53 (inflow opening 601). Inflow to.
  • the first fluid A that has flowed into the distribution flow path 6 flows through the two first connection flow paths 602 extending in the circumferential direction from the inflow opening 601 and flows into the first distribution section 603, and is supplied by the first distribution section 603. It is distributed to one and the other in the X-axis direction.
  • the first fluid A distributed by the first distribution unit 603 flows through the pair of first distribution flow paths 604 extending from the first distribution unit 603, and is spaced from the first distribution unit 603 in one direction in the X-axis direction.
  • the circumferential distribution unit 605 is arranged with a gap between the two, and the circumferential distribution unit 605 is arranged at a distance from the other in the X-axis direction. It is distributed to the other.
  • the first fluid A distributed by each circumferential distribution section 605 flows through the corresponding circumferential distribution flow path 606 and flows into the second distribution section 607 to which the circumferential distribution flow path 606 is connected, and the first fluid A flows into the second distribution section 607 to which the circumferential distribution flow path 606 is connected.
  • the two distributors 607 distribute the fluid to one and the other in the X-axis direction.
  • the first fluid A distributed by each second distribution unit 607 flows in order through the corresponding second distribution flow path 608 and the second connection flow path 609 extending in the circumferential direction from the second distribution flow path 608, and the first (Ii) A third distribution unit 610 arranged at a position spaced apart from the X-axis direction on one side, and a third distribution unit 610 arranged at a position spaced apart from the other side in the X-axis direction. , And are distributed to one and the other in the X-axis direction by each third distribution unit 610.
  • each third distribution section 610 flows in order through the corresponding third distribution flow path 611 and the third connection flow path 612 extending in the circumferential direction from the third distribution flow path 611.
  • the fourth distribution unit 613 is arranged at a position spaced apart from the third distribution unit 610 on one side in the X-axis direction, and the fourth distribution unit is arranged at a position spaced apart from the other side in the X-axis direction. It flows into and from the unit 613, and is distributed to one and the other in the X-axis direction by each fourth distribution unit 613.
  • each fourth distribution unit 613 flows in order through the corresponding fourth distribution flow path 614 and the fourth connection flow path 615 extending in the circumferential direction from the fourth distribution flow path 614.
  • the first fluid A that has reached each of the plurality of outflow portions 616, which is the downstream end of the distribution flow path 6, is outside the distributor 5 (communication) through each through hole 511 of the outer tubular portion 51 constituting the outflow portion 616. It flows out to the space Ra1).
  • the first fluid A that has flowed into the distribution flow path 6 from the inflow opening 53 (inflow opening 601) provided in the intermediate portion of the hollow portion S in the X-axis direction is arranged at different positions in the X-axis direction. Distributing unevenness is suppressed by being distributed to one and the other in the X-axis direction by each of the first distribution unit 603, the second distribution unit 607, the third distribution unit 610, and the fourth distribution unit 613.
  • the first fluid A is supplied to the entire area of the communication space Ra1 in the X-axis direction.
  • the first fluid A flowing out into the communication space Ra1 is the outer circumference of the distributor 5 in the gap around the distributor 5 (the gap formed between the member and the member defining the communication space Ra1). It flows along the surface (outer peripheral surface of the outer tubular portion 51) 51a, and flows into the first flow path Ra at a position close to the through hole 511 from which the first fluid A has flowed out in the X-axis direction.
  • the opening at the upstream end of each first flow path Ra in the heat exchanger main body 2 of the present embodiment specifically, the opening at the boundary position between the first flow path Ra and the communication space Ra 1, the distribution flow path 6 is provided.
  • the first fluid A flows through the heat exchanger body 2 at the opening (upstream end opening) RaO that the first fluid A that has flowed out from the distributor 5 into the connected space Ra1 flows into the first flow path Ra.
  • the size (opening area) at which a differential pressure is generated between the communication space Ra1 and the first flow path Ra is set. Specifically, the opening area of the opening RaO flows out from each through hole 511 and flows toward the opening RaO along the outer peripheral surface (outer peripheral surface of the outer tubular portion) 51a of the distributor 5.
  • the opening area of the opening RaO is the size obtained by subtracting the outer diameter ⁇ of the distributor 5 from the inner diameter ⁇ of the first hole 211 of the heat transfer plate 21 as shown in FIG. 16B. It is smaller than the value obtained by multiplying the dimension ⁇ between the two specified heat transfer plates 21 (flow path cross-sectional area: the area of the region indicated by the dots in FIG. 16B).
  • the opening width in the X-axis direction is made smaller than the dimension ⁇ between the two heat transfer plates 21 that define the first flow path Ra (preferably, the dimension ⁇ between the heat transfer plates 21).
  • the opening area of the opening RaO is made smaller than the cross-sectional area of the flow path by making it smaller than half (that is, ⁇ / 2), thereby causing the differential pressure.
  • the differential pressure is a state in which the pressure in the communication space Ra1 is higher than the pressure in the first flow path Ra.
  • the first fluid A flowing out of the distributor 5 collects in the gap around the distributor 5, and the first fluid A is in a state where a substantially constant pressure is applied to the upstream end opening RaO of each first flow path Ra.
  • the fluid A flows into each first flow path Ra. Therefore, the unevenness of the inflow amount of the first fluid A flowing into each first flow path Ra is suppressed.
  • the first fluid A that has flowed into each first flow path Ra flows through the first flow path Ra in one direction in the Z-axis direction, and then flows out to the first fluid discharge path Ra2. Then, the first fluid A flowing out of each of the first flow paths Ra flows through the first fluid discharge path Ra 2 while merging in the first fluid discharge path Ra 2, and is discharged to the outside of the heat exchanger main body 2.
  • the second fluid B when the second fluid B is supplied to the second fluid supply path Rb1 from a pipe or the like connected to the through hole 233 of one end plate 23, the second fluid B connects the second fluid supply path Rb1. It flows through each of the plurality of second flow paths Rb. Then, the second fluid B flows through each second flow path Rb toward the other in the Z-axis direction, and then flows out to the second fluid discharge path Rb2. Subsequently, the second fluid B flowing out from each of the second flow paths Rb flows through the second fluid discharge path Rb2 and is discharged to the outside while merging in the second fluid discharge path Rb2.
  • the first fluid A flows through the first flow path Ra and the second fluid B flows through the second flow path Rb as described above, so that the first flow path Ra and the second flow path Rb
  • the first fluid A and the second fluid B exchange heat through the heat transfer plate 21 that partitions the first fluid A, and the first fluid A evaporates or condenses.
  • the first fluid A supplied from the outside of the heat exchanger main body 2 to the hollow portion S of the distributor 5 flows out from the plurality of outflow portions 616 and reaches each first flow path Ra.
  • the configuration is such that the distribution channels 603, 607, 610, and 613 distribute the fluid to one and the other in the X-axis direction, respectively. Therefore, compared to the conventional plate heat exchanger (see FIG. 27) in which the distance of the flow path becomes larger as the distance of the first flow path is farther from the inlet of the first fluid, the distance from the inlet of the hollow portion S to each first flow path Ra. The difference in distance between the distribution paths of the first fluid A is suppressed.
  • the distribution flow path 6 extends along the circumferential direction of the inflow opening 601 and the distributor 5 communicating with the hollow portion S, and the inflow opening 601 and the first distribution portion. Includes a first connection flow path 602 that connects to the 603. Therefore, even if the first fluid A flowing in the hollow portion S in the X-axis direction flows into the distribution flow path 6 from the inflow opening 601 while having the flow component (velocity component) in the flow direction, the first fluid A Enters the first distribution section 603 after flowing through the first connection flow path 602 extending along the circumferential direction, so that the flow component in the X-axis direction is introduced in the flow of the first fluid A flowing into the first distribution section 603.
  • the first fluid A flowing out from one outflow portion 616 has a plurality of first flow paths Ra at positions corresponding to the outflow portions 616. Even if there is a difference in the distance from one outflow portion 616 to each upstream end opening RaO at the corresponding position when flowing into each of the above, the differential pressure is generated, so that the third fluid accumulated in the communication space Ra1. A fluid A passes through each upstream end opening RaO under the same pressure and flows into each of the corresponding first flow paths Ra.
  • the plate heat exchanger and distributor of the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it goes without saying that various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.
  • the configuration of one embodiment can be added to the configuration of another embodiment, and a part of the configuration of one embodiment can be replaced with the configuration of another embodiment.
  • some of the configurations of certain embodiments can be deleted.
  • the specific configuration of the distribution flow path 6 is not limited.
  • the distribution flow path 6 of the above embodiment has a line-symmetrical configuration (see FIG. 13) with the virtual line C1 extending in the circumferential direction and the virtual line C2 extending in the X-axis direction as the target axes, but is limited to this configuration. Not done.
  • the distribution flow path 6 may have an asymmetrical path pattern. In the distribution flow path 6, it is sufficient that there is no difference in the distance between the flow paths from the inflow opening 601 to each outflow portion 616, or it is smaller than the conventional plate heat exchanger (see FIGS. 26 to 28).
  • the distances between the flow paths of the first fluid A from the inflow opening 601 to each outflow portion 616 are the same, but the distance is not limited to this configuration.
  • the distance of the flow path from the inflow opening 601 to each outflow part 616 may be different.
  • the distances of all distribution channels may be different, or the distances of some distribution channels among a plurality of distribution channels may be different.
  • the distribution flow path 6 of the above embodiment has a plurality of distribution units (in the example of the above embodiment, one first distribution unit 603, four second distribution units 607, eight third distribution units 610, and 16).
  • the fourth distribution unit 613) is included, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration.
  • the distribution flow path 6 may include at least one distribution unit.
  • the first fluid A is distributed to one side and the other side in the X-axis direction, so that the flow paths of the first fluid A from the through hole 231 of one end plate 23 to each first flow path Ra are connected to each other.
  • the difference in distance can be suppressed. That is, the difference in length (route length) between the shortest distribution path and the longest distribution path among the distribution paths from the through hole 231 of one end plate 23 to each first flow path Ra is shown in FIGS. 26 to 28.
  • Such a conventional plate type in which the distance of the distribution path from the inlet of the first fluid A to the first flow path Fa becomes larger as the distance from the inlet increases in a predetermined direction (overlapping direction of the heat transfer plates 101). It can be made smaller than the heat exchanger 100, and thus it is possible to suppress uneven distribution of the first fluid A with respect to the plurality of first flow paths Ra due to flow resistance and the like.
  • the distribution flow path 6 of the above embodiment includes the circumferential distribution unit 605 that distributes the first fluid A to one of the circumferential directions of the distributor 5 and the other, but is not limited to this configuration.
  • the distribution flow path 6 may be configured not to include the circumferential distribution unit 605.
  • a flow path (first connection flow path 602) extending in the circumferential direction is arranged upstream of the first distribution section (first distribution section 603) of the distribution flow path 6.
  • a distribution unit (first distribution unit 603) may be arranged at the upstream end of the distribution flow path 6. That is, the distribution flow path 6 may have a configuration in which the first distribution section 603 is arranged at the upstream end and the first distribution section inlet 6031 of the first distribution section 603 communicates with the hollow portion S.
  • the inflow opening 53 of the inner tubular portion 52 constitutes the first distribution portion inlet 6031 of the first distribution portion 603.
  • the distributor 5 has a direction changing member 7 arranged at a position corresponding to the inflow opening 53 (first distribution unit inlet 6031) in the hollow portion S as shown in FIGS. 20 to 22. Is preferable.
  • the direction changing member 7 has an internal space S1 that allows the hollow portion S and the inflow opening 53 (first distribution portion inlet 6031) to communicate with each other and allows the first fluid A to flow, and allows the first fluid A to pass through the internal space S1.
  • the flow direction of the first fluid A is changed along the radial direction of the distributor 5 (the thickness direction of the distributor (cylindrical wall) 5 at the position of the inflow opening 53).
  • the direction changing member 7 has a main body 70 that defines an internal space S1 through which the first fluid A can flow, a first opening 71 that communicates the external space of the main body 70 with the internal space S1, and a first opening. It has a second opening 72 which is arranged at a position different from 71 and communicates the external space of the main body 70 with the internal space S1.
  • the main body 70 has a shape corresponding to the hollow portion S at a position corresponding to the inflow opening 53. That is, the main body 70 has a shape that can be fitted into the inner tubular portion 52.
  • the first opening 71 is located at a position in the main body 70 where the first fluid A flowing through the hollow portion S can flow into the internal space S1 when the direction changing member 7 is arranged in the hollow portion S of the distributor 5. Have been placed.
  • the first opening 71 is arranged at a position away from the second opening 72 in order to secure a distance for the first fluid A flowing from the first opening 71 to flow in the internal space S1.
  • the first opening 71 is located at a position (center in FIG. 22) away from the central axis C of the distributor 5 with respect to the second opening 72 facing the inflow opening 53. (Position below axis C).
  • the first fluid A is along the radial direction (specifically, the thickness direction of the distributor 5 at the inflow opening 53 position) toward the inflow opening 53 (second opening 72).
  • the flow component (velocity component) in the direction of the central axis C in the flow of the first fluid A when flowing into the inflow opening 53 becomes smaller or disappears.
  • the distance through which the first fluid A flows through the internal space S1 is preferably 10 times or more the diameter of the inflow opening 53.
  • the second opening 72 is arranged in the main body 70 at a position facing or directly communicating with the inflow opening 53 when the direction changing member 7 is arranged in the hollow portion S of the distributor 5.
  • the direction changing member 7 has the direction of the first fluid A in the hollow portion S.
  • a configuration capable of passing the position of the changing member 7 in the central axis C direction is preferable.
  • the two first openings 71 are arranged at positions facing the central axis C direction when the direction changing member 7 is arranged in the hollow portion S of the distributor 5.
  • the inner cylinder is located at a position opposite to the inflow opening 53 with the central axis C in between.
  • the main body 70 has a shape in which a gap is formed between the shape portion 52 and the inner peripheral surface 52b.
  • the direction changing member 7 even if the first fluid A flowing through the hollow portion S directly flows into the first distribution portion 603 of the distribution flow path 6 as in the configuration shown in FIGS. 17 to 19. ,
  • the direction changing member 7 is arranged immediately before the first distribution section inlet 6031 in the hollow portion S (position corresponding to the first distribution section inlet 6031), so that the first distribution section 603 (first distribution section inlet 6031) ), The first fluid A flowing along the radial direction of the distributor 5 flows into the).
  • the first fluid A in a state where there is no or little flow component (velocity component) in the central axis C direction (direction corresponding to the X-axis direction when the distributor 5 is arranged in the communication space Ra1) is the first distribution unit. It flows into 603.
  • the difference from the flow rate of one fluid A is suppressed (or eliminated), and as a result, uneven distribution of the first fluid A with respect to each first flow path Ra is effectively suppressed.
  • the inflow opening 53 is arranged at the center in the central axis C direction, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration.
  • the inflow opening 53 may be arranged at any position in the X-axis direction.
  • the distribution flow path 6 may have a path pattern in which the distance between the flow paths from the inflow opening 601 to each outflow portion 616 is the same or smaller than that of the conventional plate heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger 1 of the above embodiment includes one distributor 5, but is not limited to this configuration.
  • a plurality FIG. 23.
  • the distributors (2) may be arranged in the communication space Ra1 in a state of being arranged in the central axis C direction. That is, the heat exchanger 1 may include a plurality of distributors 5.
  • the distributor 5 of the above embodiment has a tubular shape in which both ends in the central axis C direction are open, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration.
  • the distributor 5 may have a so-called bottomed tubular shape in which one end in the central axis C direction is closed.
  • the distributor 5 of the above embodiment has a cylindrical shape, but is not limited to this configuration.
  • the distributor 5 may have a rectangular tubular shape having a polygonal cross section, a tubular shape having an elliptical cross section, or the like. That is, the distributor 5 may have a structure that includes the hollow portion S, can supply the first fluid A to the hollow portion S from the outside, and allows the first fluid A to flow through the hollow portion S.
  • the distribution flow path 6 is configured (defined) by a groove 521 formed on the outer peripheral surface 52a of the inner tubular portion 52 and an inner peripheral surface 51b of the outer tubular portion 51.
  • the distribution flow path 6 may be composed of a groove formed on the inner peripheral surface 51b of the outer tubular portion 51 and an outer peripheral surface 52a of the inner tubular portion 52.
  • the distribution flow path 6 may be formed by grooves formed in each of the inner peripheral surface 51b of the outer tubular portion 51 and the outer peripheral surface 52a of the inner tubular portion 52.
  • the distributor 5 of the above embodiment has two tubular portions 50 (outer tubular portion 51 and inner tubular portion 52), but is not limited to this configuration.
  • the distributor 5 may have three or more tubular portions 50 that overlap in the thickness direction of the tubular wall (diameter direction in the example of the above embodiment).
  • the distribution flow path 6 is formed in three or more tubular portions 50 that are continuously overlapped in the radial direction, that is, is formed by three or more tubular portions 50 that are continuously overlapped in the radial direction. May be good.
  • the intermediate tubular portion 55 when the intermediate tubular portion 55 has three tubular portions (outer tubular portion 51, intermediate tubular portion 55, and inner tubular portion 52) that overlap in the radial direction, the intermediate tubular portion 55 performs the above operation. It has a slit (corresponding to the groove 521 of the above embodiment penetrating in the thickness direction) 521a having the same shape as the path pattern of the form (see FIG.
  • the distribution flow path 6 may be configured by closing the inner peripheral surface 51b of the slit and closing the radial inner side of the slit by the outer peripheral surface 52a of the inner tubular portion 52.
  • the first fluid A flows into the distribution flow path 6 from the inflow opening 53 that opens in the radial direction (thickness direction of the tubular wall), but the configuration is not limited to this.
  • the first fluid A may flow into the distribution flow path 6 from the inflow opening 53 that opens in the central axis C direction of the distributor 5.
  • the number of through holes 511 (outflow portion 616) arranged in the X-axis direction in the outer tubular portion 51 is smaller than the number of the first flow path Ra, but is not limited to this configuration.
  • the number of through holes 511 arranged in the X-axis direction in the outer tubular portion 51 may be the same as the number of the first flow path Ra or may be larger than the number of the first flow path Ra.
  • a gap is formed between the distributor 5 and the member or the like defining the communication space Ra1, but the present invention is not limited to this configuration. There may be no gap between the distributor 5 and the member defining the communication space Ra1. In this case, the first fluid A that has flowed out from the outflow portion 616 of the distribution flow path 6 directly flows into the first flow path Ra.
  • the heat transfer plate group 21A is released from being sandwiched in the X-axis direction.
  • the heat transfer plate 21, the gasket 22, the distributor 5, and the like can be replaced, but the configuration is not limited to this.
  • the heat exchanger 1 may have a configuration in which each flow path (first flow path Ra, second flow path Rb, etc.) is hermetically sealed by brazing around the heat transfer plate group 21A.
  • the distributor 5 of the above embodiment is one of the components of the heat exchanger 1, but is not limited to this configuration.
  • the distributor 5 is a first fluid supply path of a conventional plate heat exchanger (a plate heat exchanger composed of only the heat exchanger main body 2 of the above embodiment) (first fluid A in each first flow path Ra). (Corresponding to the communication space Ra1 of the above embodiment) may be arranged afterwards.
  • a plate type heat exchanger capable of suppressing uneven distribution of the first fluid to a plurality of first flow paths, and a distributor for a plate type heat exchanger.
  • the plate heat exchanger has a plurality of heat transfer plates extending in a plane direction orthogonal to a predetermined direction, and the plurality of heat transfer plates are superposed in the predetermined direction to allow the first fluid to flow through the first flow path and the second fluid.
  • a heat exchanger body in which a plurality of first flow paths and at least one second flow path are formed so that the second flow paths for circulating the fluid are alternately arranged with each heat transfer plate as a boundary.
  • a distributor that distributes the first fluid to the plurality of first flow paths is provided.
  • Each of the two or more heat transfer plates arranged in succession (adjacent) among the plurality of heat transfer plates has through holes at positions overlapping each other when viewed from the predetermined direction.
  • the two or more heat transfer plates arranged in succession form a communication space in which each through hole is connected in the predetermined direction to communicate with each first flow path.
  • the distributor is a tubular wall that surrounds a hollow portion that extends in the predetermined direction in the communication space and through which the first fluid supplied from the outside of the heat exchanger body flows, and is a tubular wall of the tubular wall. It has a tubular wall with a plurality of tubular portions stacked in the thickness direction, The tubular wall has a distribution flow path through which the first fluid can flow in two or more tubular portions that are continuously overlapped (adjacent) in the thickness direction of the plurality of tubular portions.
  • the distribution channel is A distribution unit that distributes the first fluid that has flowed into the distribution flow path from the hollow portion to one and the other in the predetermined direction, and is an outlet of the one-side distribution unit through which the first fluid flows out to the one and the said.
  • a distributor including the outlet of the other side where the first fluid flows out to the other, Directly or indirectly communicate with the outlet of the one-side distribution unit or the outlet of the other-side distribution unit, and penetrate the outermost tubular portion in at least the thickness direction to communicate with the communication space or the first flow path, respectively.
  • Including multiple outflow parts that communicate The plurality of outflow portions are arranged at intervals in the predetermined direction.
  • the first fluid supplied from the outside of the heat exchanger body to the hollow part of the distributor flows out from the plurality of outflow parts and reaches each first flow path by the distribution part of the distribution flow path.
  • the distribution By configuring the distribution to one of the predetermined directions (the direction in which the heat transfer plates are overlapped) and the other, the difference in the distance between the flow paths of the first fluid from the inlet of the hollow portion to each first flow path can be determined. This can be suppressed as compared with the conventional plate heat exchanger (see FIG. 27) in which the distance of the flow path becomes larger as the distance of the first flow path is farther from the inlet of the first fluid.
  • the distribution flow path may include an opening communicating with the hollow portion and a connection flow path extending along the circumferential direction of the tubular wall and connecting the opening and the distribution portion.
  • the first fluid flowing in the hollow portion in a predetermined direction flows into the distribution flow path from the opening while having the flow component (velocity component) in the flow direction
  • the first fluid flows into the distribution flow path.
  • the flow component in the predetermined direction is eliminated (or reduced) in the flow of the first fluid flowing into the distribution section.
  • the difference from the flow rate of the fluid is suppressed (or eliminated), and as a result, the uneven distribution of the first fluid with respect to each first flow path is suppressed more effectively.
  • the distribution unit includes a distribution unit inlet that communicates with the hollow portion and allows the first fluid to flow into the distribution unit from the hollow portion.
  • the distributor has a direction changing member arranged at a position corresponding to the inlet of the distributor in the hollow portion of the tubular wall.
  • the direction changing member has an internal space that communicates the hollow portion and the inlet of the distribution portion and allows the first fluid to flow, and distributes the flow direction of the first fluid by passing through the internal space.
  • the orientation may be along the thickness direction of the tubular wall at the entrance position.
  • the direction changing member is immediately before the distribution portion inlet in the hollow portion (position corresponding to the distribution portion inlet).
  • the first fluid of the flow along the thickness direction of the tubular wall flows into the distribution section (distribution section inlet), that is, there is no (or few) flow components in the predetermined direction. )
  • the first fluid in the state flows in.
  • the difference between the flow rate of the first fluid flowing out from the outlet of the one-side distribution unit and the flow rate of the first fluid flowing out from the outlet of the other side distribution unit when the first fluid is distributed by the distribution unit is suppressed (or).
  • uneven distribution of the first fluid to each first flow path can be suppressed more effectively.
  • the heat exchanger main body has openings at the boundary positions between the communication space and the first flow path, through which the first fluid passes when the first fluid flows from the communication space into the first flow path. At each opening, a differential pressure may be generated between the communication space and the first flow path when the first fluid flows through the heat exchanger body.
  • the first fluid flowing out from one outflow part is applied to each of the plurality of first flow paths at the positions corresponding to the outflow parts. Even if there is a difference in the distance from one outflow portion to each opening at the corresponding position when flowing in, the differential pressure is generated, so that the same pressure is applied to the first fluid accumulated in the communication space. In the state, it passes through each opening and flows into each of the plurality of corresponding first flow paths.
  • the distributor for the plate heat exchanger is Each has a plurality of heat transfer plates extending in a plane direction orthogonal to a predetermined direction, and the plurality of heat transfer plates are superposed in the predetermined direction to allow the first fluid to flow through the first flow path and the second fluid.
  • a plate-type heat exchange having a heat exchanger body in which a plurality of first flow paths and at least one second flow path are formed so that the second flow paths for circulating the fluid are alternately arranged with each heat transfer plate as a boundary.
  • the vessel it is a communication space formed by connecting through holes of two or more heat transfer plates that are continuously arranged (adjacent) among the plurality of heat transfer plates in the predetermined direction.
  • a distributor for a plate heat exchanger capable of distributing the first fluid to the plurality of first flow paths by arranging the first fluid in a communication space communicating with the first flow path.
  • a tubular wall that surrounds a hollow portion that extends in the predetermined direction and through which the first fluid is supplied from the outside of the plate heat exchanger when arranged in the communication space is provided.
  • the tubular wall is composed of a plurality of tubular portions stacked in the thickness direction of the tubular wall, and is continuously overlapped (adjacent) in the thickness direction of the plurality of tubular portions. ) It has a distribution flow path through which the first fluid can flow in two or more tubular parts.
  • the distribution channel is A distribution unit that distributes the first fluid that has flowed into the distribution flow path from the hollow portion to one and the other in the predetermined direction, the outlet of the one-side distribution unit through which the first fluid flows out to the one, and the said.
  • a distributor including the outlet of the other side where the first fluid flows out to the other, It communicates directly or indirectly with the outlet of the one-side distribution section or the outlet of the other-side distribution section, and communicates with the communication space or the first flow path by penetrating at least the outermost tubular portion in the thickness direction. Including multiple outflows possible
  • the plurality of outflow portions are arranged at intervals in the predetermined direction.
  • the first fluid supplied from the outside of the heat exchanger body to the hollow portion of the distributor flows out from the plurality of outflow portions, and each first flow.
  • it is distributed to one and the other in a predetermined direction (overlapping direction of heat transfer plates) by the distribution part of the distribution flow path, and the first fluid from the inlet of the hollow part to each first flow path.
  • the difference in the distances between the flow paths is suppressed as compared with the plate heat exchanger (see FIG. 27) in which the distance between the flow paths becomes larger as the first flow path is farther from the inlet of the first fluid than the plate heat exchanger without a distributor.
  • First distribution part (distribution part), 6031 ... First Distributor inlet (distributor inlet), 6031a, 6031b ... first distributor inlet, 6032 ... one side outlet (one side distributor outlet), 6033 ... other side outlet (other side distributor outlet), 604 ... first distribution Flow path, 604a ... One first distribution flow path, 604b ... The other first distribution flow path, 605 ... Circumferential distribution section, 6051 ... Circumferential distribution section inlet, 6052 ... One side outlet, 6053 ... Other side outlet, 606 ... Circumferential distribution flow path, 606a ... One circumferential distribution flow path, 606b ... The other circumferential distribution flow path, 607 ...
  • Second distribution section 6071 ... Second distribution section inlet, 6072 ... One side outlet, 6073 ... the other side outlet, 608 ... second distribution flow path, 608a ... one second distribution flow path, 608b ... the other second distribution flow path, 609 ... second connection flow path, 610 ... third distribution section, 6101 ... Third distribution section inlet, 6102 ... one side outlet, 6103 ... other side outlet, 611 ... third distribution flow path, 611a ... one third distribution flow path, 611b ... other third distribution flow path, 612 ... third Connection flow path, 613 ... 4th distribution section, 6131 ... 4th distribution section inlet, 6132 ... one side outlet, 6133 ... other side outlet, 614 ...

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un échangeur de chaleur à plaques caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend : un corps d'échangeur de chaleur dans lequel une pluralité de premiers passages d'écoulement sont formés au moyen de l'empilement d'une pluralité de plaques de transfert de chaleur dans une direction prescrite ; et un distributeur destiné à distribuer un premier fluide. Les plaques de transfert de chaleur comportent chacune un trou traversant au niveau d'une position correspondante ; un espace de liaison, à relier aux premiers passages d'écoulement, est formé lorsque les trous traversants sont alignés ; le distributeur comporte une paroi cylindrique comprenant une pluralité de parties cylindriques entourant une partie creuse et empilées dans la direction de l'épaisseur ; la paroi cylindrique comporte des passages d'écoulement de distribution dans au moins deux parties cylindriques ; et les passages d'écoulement de distribution comprennent des parties de distribution à travers lesquelles le premier fluide, coulant vers l'intérieur à partir de la partie creuse, est distribué dans une direction prescrite ou dans une direction opposée, et comprennent une pluralité de sorties reliées à un côté ou à l'autre côté des parties de distribution et reliées à l'espace de liaison ou aux premiers passages d'écoulement.
PCT/JP2020/021530 2019-06-05 2020-06-01 Échangeur de chaleur à plaques et distributeur pour échangeur de chaleur à plaques WO2020246412A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

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CN202080040611.2A CN113924454B (zh) 2019-06-05 2020-06-01 板式热交换器、及板式热交换器用的分配器
EP20818340.0A EP3978856B1 (fr) 2019-06-05 2020-06-01 Échangeur de chaleur à plaques et distributeur pour échangeur de chaleur à plaques
JP2021524829A JP7122469B2 (ja) 2019-06-05 2020-06-01 プレート式熱交換器、及びプレート式熱交換器用の分配器

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JP2019105205 2019-06-05
JP2019-105205 2019-06-05

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EP3978856A4 (fr) 2023-06-14
JP7122469B2 (ja) 2022-08-19
CN113924454A (zh) 2022-01-11
JPWO2020246412A1 (ja) 2021-11-25
EP3978856A1 (fr) 2022-04-06
EP3978856B1 (fr) 2024-03-20
CN113924454B (zh) 2023-11-07

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