WO2020244588A1 - Système de gestion de batterie, procédé de gestion de batterie, module de source d'alimentation et véhicule aérien sans pilote - Google Patents
Système de gestion de batterie, procédé de gestion de batterie, module de source d'alimentation et véhicule aérien sans pilote Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020244588A1 WO2020244588A1 PCT/CN2020/094426 CN2020094426W WO2020244588A1 WO 2020244588 A1 WO2020244588 A1 WO 2020244588A1 CN 2020094426 W CN2020094426 W CN 2020094426W WO 2020244588 A1 WO2020244588 A1 WO 2020244588A1
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- battery
- battery pack
- charging
- management system
- microprocessor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
Definitions
- This application relates to the technical field of charging management, and in particular to a battery management system, a battery management method, a power module, and a drone.
- the embodiments of the present invention provide a battery management system, a power management method, a power supply module, and an unmanned aerial vehicle that can perform charge management and balance control on multiple batteries, and are highly integrated.
- the battery management system includes:
- a charging loop switch the charging loop switch is arranged between the charging power supply and the battery pack to form a charging loop; an equalizing circuit, the equalizing circuit is used to balance the battery pack; a microprocessor, the microprocessor includes A battery detection interface for reading battery parameters, a switch control interface for controlling the on or off of the charging circuit switch, and an equalization control interface for controlling the operation of the equalization circuit
- the battery parameters include: voltage, state of charge, and power of each cell in the battery pack.
- the battery management system further includes a temperature detection circuit; the temperature detection circuit is used to detect temperature information of the battery pack; the microprocessor further includes a temperature detection interface for reading the temperature information.
- one charging loop switch, one equalizing circuit, and one temperature detecting circuit constitute a battery management component; each of the battery management components corresponds to a battery pack and is connected to a battery pack.
- the microprocessor is specifically configured to: obtain the temperature information through the temperature detection interface; when the temperature information is greater than a preset temperature threshold, turn off the charging circuit switch.
- the battery management system further includes a multi-channel signal selector; the multi-channel signal selector includes several input terminals and output terminals; each of the input terminals is used to communicate with a battery pack; the output The terminal is connected with the battery detection interface of the microprocessor.
- the microprocessor is further used to determine whether a safety alarm has occurred in the battery pack; if so, turn off the charging circuit switch; if not, compare the power of each battery pack; control the battery with the highest power The charging circuit switch corresponding to the battery pack is turned on.
- the microprocessor device is further configured to: when the pressure difference of the battery pack is greater than a preset pressure difference threshold, start the equalization circuit to equalize the battery pack; When the pressure difference is less than the preset pressure difference threshold, the operation of the equalization circuit is stopped.
- the microprocessor is further configured to: when detecting that the battery pack is inserted, control the charging circuit switch to be turned on for a preset time; and read the information of the inserted battery pack through the battery detection interface Battery parameters.
- the embodiments of the present invention also provide the following technical solutions: a power supply module.
- the power supply module includes: a charging power supply for providing charging voltage and charging current for the battery packs and the battery management system as described above; the battery management system is integrated on the charging power supply for controlling the supply to each battery pack The charging voltage and charging current.
- the charging power supply is a charger or a DC power supply with voltage conversion capability.
- an unmanned aerial vehicle The drone includes:
- the main body of the fuselage is provided with a power system for driving the operation of the drone, a battery compartment with a preset volume and a charging interface; a plurality of battery packs, the battery packs are connected in series by a plurality of rechargeable batteries It is installed in the battery compartment and used to supply power to the power system through a corresponding power supply interface; the battery management system as described above, the battery management system is housed in the body of the fuselage, and The power supply interface in the battery compartment is connected to the charging interface.
- a battery management method is executed by a microprocessor, and is used to perform charge balance management on two or more battery packs, and the method includes:
- the reading the battery parameters of the battery pack includes: detecting whether the battery pack is inserted; when detecting that the battery pack is inserted, controlling the charging circuit switch to be turned on for a preset time to Activating the battery pack; and reading battery parameters of the battery pack.
- the battery parameters of the battery pack include: the voltage, state of charge, and power of each cell in the battery pack.
- the method further includes: determining whether a safety alarm has occurred in the battery pack, and if so, disconnecting the charging circuit of the battery pack; if not, continuing to charge the battery pack.
- the method further includes: obtaining temperature information of the battery pack; determining whether the temperature information is greater than a preset temperature threshold; if so, disconnecting the charging circuit of the battery pack; if not, continuing The battery pack is charged.
- the battery management system, power management method, and power module provided by the embodiments of the present invention are highly integrated, have good reliability, can realize charge management and balance control of multiple batteries, and solve battery management and battery management. Problems in equilibrium.
- the direct reading method avoids the influence of the voltage drop between the battery cell and the port on the voltage detection accuracy, and the equalization effect is good, which can increase the safety and service life of the battery.
- Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a battery management system according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a microprocessor according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a method flowchart of a battery management method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a method flowchart of a battery management method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 6 is a flowchart of a method for charge balance management according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- Rechargeable battery refers to a device that can be used repeatedly to realize the conversion between chemical energy and electrical energy, so as to store a certain amount of electrical energy and provide corresponding output voltage or current.
- lithium batteries are widely used as rechargeable batteries due to their properties and unique advantages.
- lithium batteries need to be used in series in most application scenarios to provide sufficient power.
- a battery composed of multiple lithium batteries connected in series can also be called a "battery pack".
- Each lithium battery in the battery pack is called a "cell”.
- Cells in the same battery pack have certain differences in battery properties such as capacity, internal resistance, and charge and discharge efficiency. These differences will have a very significant impact on the effective capacity of the entire battery pack and the safety of charging and discharging. It is necessary to use a sophisticated power management system to detect, control and adjust each cell to ensure the consistency of different cells.
- equal charging refers to the activation of a series of detection, control, or adjustment methods during charging to perform orderly control of each cell in the battery pack.
- Fig. 1 is a battery management system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- the battery management system of the embodiment of the present invention is independently arranged outside the battery pack.
- the battery management system includes: a charging circuit switch 11, an equalization circuit 13 and a microprocessor 15.
- the charging circuit switch 11 is arranged between the charging power source 12 and the battery pack 14 to form a charging circuit.
- the charging loop switch 11 can specifically adopt any type of controllable switching device, and it only needs to have two working states of on and off, such as a MOS tube or an electromagnetic relay with a suitable bias voltage.
- the charging power supply 12 may be any type of downstream power supply equipment that functions to supply electric energy, such as an AC/DC conversion charger, a battery pack that provides DC power, or a connection interface derived from a mains network such as 220V.
- the charging circuit switch 11 when the charging circuit switch 11 is turned on, the aforementioned charging circuit is also turned on.
- the charging power supply 12 can provide the battery pack 14 with corresponding charging voltage and current through the charging circuit to realize the charging of the battery pack.
- the charging circuit switch 11 When the charging circuit switch 11 is turned off, the connection between the charging power source 12 and the battery pack 14 will be interrupted and the battery pack cannot be continuously supplied with electric energy, and the charging of the battery pack will be stopped.
- the power management system and the charging power supply 12 form a complete power module 18, which can charge multiple battery packs in an orderly manner.
- all the devices in the dashed frame 18 can be integrated into the same device. That is, the power management system can be integrated on the charging power supply 12 as one of the functional modules of the power module.
- the equalization circuit 13 is used to equalize the battery pack.
- any type of circuit structure composed of one or more electrical components can be selected and used according to actual needs.
- the balancing circuit may be composed of a resistor connected in parallel with each cell and its control switch.
- the resistance is connected through the control switch, so that the charging current is shunted by the resistance to achieve a balanced effect.
- the microprocessor 15 is the control core of the entire power management system, which can execute one or more logical judgment steps, and realize the interaction with external devices (such as controlling the equalization circuit and controlling the charging circuit switch) through the corresponding interface.
- the microprocessor 15 at least includes: a battery detection interface 19a for reading battery parameters, a switch control interface 19b for controlling the on or off of the charging circuit switch, and a switch control interface 19b for controlling the The equalization control interface 19c for the operation of the equalization circuit.
- This battery parameter is the characteristic parameter of each battery cell during charging. According to changes in actual control strategies and usage scenarios, it may include one or more characteristic parameters, which are collected by corresponding sensors or detection circuits and provided to the microprocessor 15 through the battery detection interface.
- the battery parameters may include the voltage, state of charge, and power of each cell in the battery pack.
- voltage refers to the potential difference between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery, which is a core indicator that needs to be paid attention to when charging. For example, when charging, the voltage of the lithium-ion battery cannot exceed the design indicator, otherwise it will easily affect the life and cause safety accidents.
- the state of charge is a parameter that characterizes the safety of the battery during charging. It can be determined by a comprehensive evaluation of one or more evaluation indicators, reflecting whether the battery cell remains stable during the charging process.
- Electricity can be the total amount of electric energy currently stored by the battery, which can be represented by a variety of different electrical parameters.
- the power level reflects the degree to which the battery cell is fully charged.
- the power of the battery cell may be represented by the voltage of the battery cell. For example, when the voltage of the battery cell reaches a set voltage threshold, it indicates that the battery power is fully charged.
- the aforementioned battery parameters may be directly provided by the battery pack to the battery management system.
- Corresponding detection circuits and logic processing chips are integrated inside the battery pack 14, so as to realize the intelligence of the battery pack.
- the intelligent battery pack is referred to as "smart battery” for short.
- FIG. 1 is only used for general description, and does not limit the complete battery management system. Those skilled in the art can further add or subtract one or more functional modules according to actual needs to provide more functions based on the integrated power management function of the present invention.
- a display module such as an LED display screen or LCD display can be further added to the equalization circuit to help the user interact, so that the user can observe or intuitively understand the current equalization state.
- the equalization circuit can also be equipped with additional temperature control devices to help quickly dissipate heat and avoid temperature rise caused by heat accumulation.
- These temperature control devices can be fans, heat sinks, or water-cooled heat sinks.
- Fig. 2 is a battery management system provided by another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, compared with the battery management system shown in FIG. 1, in this embodiment, in addition to the functional modules shown in FIG. 1, the battery management system further includes a temperature detection circuit 16. Correspondingly, the microprocessor also includes a corresponding temperature detection interface 19d.
- the temperature detection circuit 16 is used to detect the temperature information of the battery pack.
- any type of circuit structure can be used to detect the temperature of the battery pack.
- the temperature detection circuit can be composed of a temperature-sensitive semiconductor resistor and a constant current source.
- the resistance value of the semiconductor resistor is affected by the temperature change of the battery pack, and the constant current source provides a constant current for the semiconductor resistor, so that the voltage across the semiconductor resistor changes with the temperature.
- the temperature detection interface 19d of the microprocessor is connected to the temperature detection circuit 16 (either directly or indirectly), and is used to receive data information provided by the temperature detection circuit 16 (for example, the voltage information in the foregoing embodiment).
- a battery management system usually needs to manage two or more battery packs.
- the battery management system is divided into multiple battery management components.
- Each battery management component includes an equalization circuit, a temperature detection circuit and a charging loop switch, so that the microprocessor can independently control and adjust each battery pack.
- the specific number of battery management components can be determined according to actual needs, such as two or three.
- the battery management system may also have a certain expansion capability, allowing the expansion and addition of more battery management components on the basis of the original battery management components to meet the requirements of more usage scenarios.
- the battery management system may further include a multi-channel signal selector 17.
- the multi-channel signal selector 17 is an integrated connector with several input terminals 171 and output terminals 172. There is a switch device inside, and one of the input terminals is selected to be connected with the output terminal to establish a data information delivery path to realize the process of selecting a channel.
- any type of circuit structure with a switching selection function can be used to realize the multi-channel signal selector.
- the structure and design principle of the hub are well-known to those skilled in the art, and will not be repeated here.
- each input terminal 171 is used to communicate with a battery pack; the output terminal 172 is connected to the battery detection interface 151 of the microprocessor.
- the microprocessor only needs to set up a battery detection interface to connect to multiple smart batteries and read relevant parameters from the smart batteries.
- the microprocessor 15 as the master control is the core of the realization of the entire power management system. It can be implemented by using any type of electronic computing platform or system-on-chip, for example, the microprocessor architecture provided by the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 3.
- the microprocessor may include: a computing core 151 and a storage medium 152.
- the computing core 151 and the storage medium 152 are connected by a bus to establish a communication connection between the two.
- the one or more interfaces 19 namely, 19a, 19b, 19c, and 19d
- the one or more interfaces 19 are connectors or pins derived from the bus.
- the computing core 151 is a single-threaded or multi-threaded processor of any type, and is composed of a series of logic circuits for acquiring data, performing logic operation functions, and issuing operation processing results.
- the storage medium 152 is used as a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, a distributed storage device remotely provided with respect to the processor 21, or other non-volatile solid-state storage devices.
- the storage medium 152 may have a program storage area for storing non-volatile computer executable program instructions, which are called by the computing core 151 to make the computing core 151 execute one or more steps to realize the management and control of the battery pack.
- the storage medium 152 may also have a data storage area for storing the operation processing result issued and output by the operation core 151.
- the interface 19 can be an input or output interface, which can provide sampling data (including battery cell voltage and temperature information) for the computing core 151 and output control commands (including controlling the charging circuit switch to turn off or turn on).
- the battery management system uses a microprocessor to read the voltage of the battery cells inside the battery, thereby avoiding the problem of voltage drop, and can more accurately balance each battery cell.
- the battery management system can also perform charge management and balance control on multiple batteries, which is a comprehensive battery charging and balance management program. Its high degree of integration reduces the weight and space of related products to a certain extent, and solves the problems of battery management and battery balance.
- the microprocessor 15 can specifically execute a series of method steps to complete the orderly control of the battery pack.
- 4 is a method flowchart of a battery management method executed by a microprocessor according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 4, the method includes:
- the battery pack insertion refers to the act of putting a new battery pack into the device to establish an electrical connection with the battery management system. After the charging power is normally connected, the battery management system will start to run, and the default setting is in the standby state. It can detect whether there is a battery pack inserted in a specific way, such as an interrupt signal or periodic scanning.
- each battery pack may still be in a dormant state.
- the microprocessor can control the charging loop switch to turn on briefly to activate the smart battery pack.
- the preset time is a very short time, and only needs to be able to activate the battery pack, for example, it can be set to 1s.
- the battery parameter may be the voltage corresponding to each battery cell.
- the microprocessor may switch the connection mode of the multi-channel signal selector in a specific order or sequence in a polling manner, thereby sequentially reading the battery parameters of each battery pack.
- the microprocessor may also adopt other control methods, using a multi-channel signal selector to obtain the battery parameters of each battery pack.
- step 404 Determine whether a safety alarm has occurred in the battery pack. If yes, go to step 405. If not, go to step 406.
- the microprocessor can also judge whether the battery pack has a safety alarm. In this way, the additional safety alarm judgment step can prevent the battery pack from being charged under abnormal conditions.
- the specific method for the microprocessor to determine whether a security alarm occurs depends on the computer software program instructions written into the storage medium. It can be set or adjusted according to the actual situation.
- the microprocessor can control the charging circuit switch to open through the corresponding control interface.
- the specific control method actually depends on the charging circuit switch used. For example, when the charging circuit switch is a MOS tube, the microprocessor can change the on or off state of the MOS tube by changing the gate control information output by the interface.
- the microprocessor can use the interface to read the power information of the battery packs to sort the battery packs to form a battery pack sequence arranged according to the level of power. Specifically, the battery pack with the highest power can be arranged first or last.
- the microprocessor can preferentially charge the battery pack with the highest power. As shown in Figure 1, whether each battery pack is charged is controlled by the corresponding charging loop switch. Moreover, each battery pack can be independently controlled.
- the voltage difference of a battery pack refers to the difference between the cell voltages in the same battery pack. Excessive pressure difference indicates that the battery pack has a longer consistency and is prone to overcharge of a certain battery. Those skilled in the art can understand that the pressure difference of the battery pack needs to be within a certain threshold range to ensure the battery performance, and no significant safety accidents will occur.
- the microprocessor ensures that the pressure difference of the battery pack is within a controllable range through a preset pressure difference threshold.
- the pressure difference threshold is an empirical value, which can be set by a technician according to the actual situation.
- the storage medium of the microprocessor may also record multiple differential pressure thresholds, and automatically load the corresponding differential pressure threshold according to the inserted battery pack to execute the judgment process in step 408.
- the equalization circuit is a functional circuit used to ensure the consistency of battery charging. Therefore, the microprocessor can activate the corresponding equalization circuit when the pressure difference is too large, so as to control the pressure difference to an appropriate range.
- the activation of the equalization circuit usually has an adverse effect on the battery charging efficiency. For example, when the load-type balancing circuit starts, it will consume part of the electric energy, resulting in a drop in efficiency. Therefore, when the pressure difference is small and there is no significant charging safety risk, the microprocessor can stop the operation of the equalization circuit to improve the efficiency of battery charging.
- the microprocessor can further detect the temperature of the balancing circuit, and stop the operation of the balancing circuit in time when the temperature of the balancing circuit is too high.
- FIG. 5 is a method flowchart of a battery management method executed by a microprocessor according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 5, it is basically the same as the method flow shown in Figure 4, the difference is mainly that the microprocessor also adds the temperature detection interface (step 511) to obtain the temperature information before determining whether a safety alarm has occurred. And a step of judging whether the temperature information is greater than a preset temperature threshold (step 512).
- the microprocessor can turn off the charging circuit switch in time (step 505), and control the temperature of the battery pack within a safe range.
- the battery management system provided by the embodiments of the present invention can be applied to any suitable scenario, providing an integrated battery management solution for electrically driven mobile vehicles and the like, ensuring the reliability and safety of the battery pack.
- an unmanned aerial vehicle applying the battery management system provided by the embodiment of the present invention may include: a main body, a battery pack composed of several rechargeable batteries connected in series, and a battery management system.
- the main body of the fuselage is provided with a power system for driving the operation of the drone, a battery compartment with a preset volume and a charging interface.
- the power system can be any suitable type of motor and its supporting power structure, such as a propeller connected to the output shaft of the motor.
- the specific volume and fixed structure of the battery compartment can accommodate several battery packs.
- a conductive connection interface made of metal or other materials is also provided on the battery compartment for use as a power supply/charge interface.
- the charging interface can be of any type or set according to any power supply standard. It can be connected to an external power source through a cable or the like to provide the corresponding charging voltage and charging current.
- the battery pack When in use, the battery pack is installed at a corresponding position in the battery compartment, and supplies power to the power system through a corresponding power supply interface.
- the battery management system is connected to the power supply interface in the battery compartment and the charging interface, and performs orderly control of the charging and discharging process of the battery pack inserted in the battery compartment.
- an embodiment of the present invention also provides a battery management method executed by a microprocessor.
- the battery management method can be applied to electric drive equipment such as drones to realize charge balance management for two or more battery packs.
- Fig. 6 is a flowchart of charge equalization management provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
- the method includes:
- any suitable method may be used to obtain the parameters of the battery pack.
- the relevant battery parameters can be directly read through the data interface of the smart battery.
- a corresponding detection circuit can also be provided to detect and read battery parameters such as voltage and current.
- the battery parameters may include the voltage, state of charge, and power of each battery cell, etc.
- step 601 may specifically include the following steps:
- the charging circuit switch is controlled to be turned on for a preset time to activate the battery pack. Finally, read the battery parameters of the battery pack.
- the power of the battery pack can be compared in any suitable way, and is not limited to obtaining accurate battery power for comparison.
- the voltage of the battery pack can be read for simple comparison, and the relative relationship between the battery packs can be determined.
- the battery pack with the highest power is selectively charged preferentially, and the selective charging of different battery packs can be realized by devices such as a selector switch or a multiplexer.
- step 604. Determine whether the pressure difference of the battery pack is greater than a preset pressure difference threshold. If yes, go to step 605; if not, go to step 606.
- the differential pressure threshold is an empirical value. It is set according to the actual situation as a judgment or measurement standard for the safe use of the battery.
- Equalization is an orderly charging form with specific protection measures to ensure that each cell in the battery pack can maintain a uniform state.
- the charge equalization can be turned off or stopped using, so as to improve the charging efficiency.
- a temperature monitoring function for the battery pack may be added. Specifically, the temperature information of the battery pack is collected by a temperature sensor (such as a thermistor, etc.) to determine whether it is greater than a preset temperature threshold. If the monitoring remains below the preset temperature threshold, the battery pack can continue to be charged. If the preset temperature threshold is exceeded, the charging circuit is disconnected and charging of the battery pack is stopped.
- a temperature sensor such as a thermistor, etc.
- an alarm function can be further added. Based on the preset alarm judgment logic, determine the operating condition of the battery pack during the charging process and determine whether a safety alarm occurs. If so, disconnect the charging circuit in time to stop charging. If not, continue charging until the battery is fully charged.
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Abstract
Système de gestion de batterie, procédé de gestion de batterie, module de source d'alimentation (18) et véhicule aérien sans pilote. Le système de gestion de batterie comprend : un commutateur de circuit de charge (11), le commutateur de circuit de charge (11) étant agencé entre une source d'énergie de charge (12) et un bloc-batterie (14) pour former un circuit de charge ; un circuit d'égalisation (13), le circuit d'égalisation (13) étant utilisé pour égaliser le bloc-batterie (14) ; et un microprocesseur (15), le microprocesseur (15) comprenant une interface de détection de batterie (19a) utilisée pour lire des paramètres de batterie, une interface de commande de commutateur (19b) utilisée pour commander la conduction ou la déconnexion du commutateur de circuit de charge (11), et une interface de commande d'égalisation (19c) utilisée pour commander le fonctionnement du circuit d'égalisation (13). Le système de gestion a un degré élevé d'intégration et une bonne fiabilité, et peut mettre en œuvre une gestion de charge et une commande d'égalisation pour une pluralité de batteries, résolvant les problèmes de gestion de batterie et d'égalisation de batterie. De plus, au moyen d'un procédé de lecture directe, l'impact de la chute de tension entre une cellule et un port sur la précision de détection de tension peut être évité, et les effets d'égalisation sont satisfaisants, augmentant la sécurité et la durée de vie des batteries.
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CN201910485854.6A CN110138046B (zh) | 2019-06-05 | 2019-06-05 | 电池管理系统、电池管理方法、电源模块及无人机 |
CN201910485854.6 | 2019-06-05 |
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