WO2023082794A1 - Procédé d'égalisation de cellule de batterie pour bloc-batterie - Google Patents

Procédé d'égalisation de cellule de batterie pour bloc-batterie Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023082794A1
WO2023082794A1 PCT/CN2022/116963 CN2022116963W WO2023082794A1 WO 2023082794 A1 WO2023082794 A1 WO 2023082794A1 CN 2022116963 W CN2022116963 W CN 2022116963W WO 2023082794 A1 WO2023082794 A1 WO 2023082794A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
equalization
cells
battery pack
cell
offline
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PCT/CN2022/116963
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李强
汤殷霞
侯森
宋中奇
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联合汽车电子有限公司
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Publication of WO2023082794A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023082794A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00308—Overvoltage protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00309—Overheat or overtemperature protection
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
    • H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
    • H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
    • H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of new energy batteries, in particular to a cell equalization method for a battery pack.
  • the battery pack of a new energy vehicle is used to provide driving power for the entire vehicle.
  • the battery pack is usually composed of multiple battery modules connected in series, and each battery module contains multiple batteries.
  • each battery module contains multiple batteries.
  • the battery pack has a built-in battery management system (Battery Management System, BMS).
  • BMS Battery Management System
  • the battery management system uses the sampling chip to continuously monitor the status of the battery cells in real time, and can detect battery failures in time and take corresponding measures, such as alarming, limiting power, and downtime. High voltage, heat dissipation of the battery cell and anti-explosion, etc.
  • the battery pack due to the difference in the self-discharge rate of the battery cell and the aging speed of the battery cell, there will be differences between the cells. If the battery pack is used in a harsh environment, the imbalance between the cells will be worsened. Therefore, during the use of the battery pack, it is necessary to balance the cells to solve the problem of inconsistent electric energy between the cells, so as to improve the energy utilization efficiency of the battery pack, increase the service life of the battery pack, and improve the endurance of new energy vehicles. As the cruising range of the vehicle becomes longer and longer, the capacity of the battery cell is also increasing, and the capacity of the battery cell that needs to be balanced is also increasing.
  • the equalization method is mainly realized through passive equalization, that is, an equalization channel is designed in the sampling chip.
  • passive equalization that is, an equalization channel is designed in the sampling chip.
  • the speed of cell equalization is proportional to the equalization current and inversely proportional to the equalization time. Due to the limitation of the heat dissipation capacity of the battery management system and the chip temperature protection, the equalization current cannot be too large, so a longer equalization time is required. However, due to the The average running time of the vehicle is limited every day, and the online time of the processor is generally 2 hours to 5 hours on average. For batteries with large capacity and high self-discharge rate, this time cannot complete the balance of the batteries, resulting in battery failure. The core life is shortened, and the energy utilization efficiency of the battery pack is not high.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a cell equalization method for a battery pack to solve the problems of insufficient online cell equalization time, resulting in shortened cell life and low energy utilization efficiency of the battery pack.
  • the present invention provides a cell equalization method for a battery pack, comprising:
  • offline balancing is performed on the battery cell after the processor sleeps.
  • the battery pack when it is determined that the battery pack needs to be balanced, obtain a target balanced voltage, and when the voltage of the battery cell reaches the target balanced voltage, stop performing offline balancing on the battery cell; or,
  • the target equalization voltage and the remaining equalization time of each battery cell are obtained, and when the voltage of the battery cell reaches the target equalization voltage and/or the battery cell performs
  • the offline equalization time reaches the corresponding remaining equalization time, the off-line equalization of the cells is stopped.
  • the target equalization voltage is the voltage of the cell with the smallest capacity in the battery pack.
  • sampling chips are used to perform off-line equalization on the cells in the battery pack, each of the sampling chips has multiple equalization channels, and one equalization channel is used to perform off-line equalization on one of the cells.
  • all the equalization channels of each sampling chip are turned on synchronously, so that the cells can be balanced offline synchronously.
  • the equalization channels in the sampling chip are arranged in sequence according to serial numbers, and the equalization channels with odd numbers are turned on synchronously, so that the cells corresponding to the equalization channels with odd numbers can perform offline equalization synchronously;
  • the even-numbered equalization channels are turned on synchronously, so that the cells corresponding to the even-numbered equalization channels perform offline equalization synchronously.
  • the equalization channel with an odd number when performing offline equalization on the cells, first open the equalization channel with an odd number, and after the cells corresponding to the equalization channel with an odd number have completed offline equalization, open all the equalization channels with an even number.
  • the sampling chip monitors its own temperature in real time, and when the temperature of any of the sampling chips is greater than a set temperature value, all the equalization channels are closed to stop Perform off-line equalization on all the cells.
  • the processor when performing offline balancing on the battery cells, the processor is woken up every set time, and after the processor is woken up, it detects whether the battery pack fails online, and when the battery pack is detected When no fault occurs, the processor goes to sleep.
  • the failure of the battery pack includes a disconnection failure of the communication line between the sampling chip and the battery cell, an overvoltage/undervoltage/overtemperature failure of the battery cell, a failure of the sampling chip One or more of the failure of the equalization channel, the overtemperature failure of the sampling chip and the failure of the temperature sensor in the battery pack.
  • the processor when the processor enters sleep mode, it is judged whether the cells of the battery pack need to be balanced; Off-line equalization of the above-mentioned cells.
  • the present invention uses the sleep time of the processor to perform off-line equalization on the battery cells of the battery pack, which can solve the problem that the online equalization time of a large-capacity battery pack or a battery pack with a high self-discharge rate is not enough to complete the battery cell equalization. The life of the battery cell and the energy utilization efficiency of the battery pack are improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a cell equalization method for a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is another flow chart of the cell equalization method for a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the cell equalization method for a battery pack provided in this embodiment. As shown in Figure 1, the cell equalization method of the battery pack provided in this embodiment includes:
  • Step S100 When the processor enters sleep mode, determine whether the cells of the battery pack need to be balanced; and,
  • Step S200 When it is determined that the battery cell needs to be balanced, perform offline balancing on the battery cell after the processor sleeps.
  • the battery pack is a battery pack of a new energy vehicle, but it should not be limited thereto.
  • BMS battery management system
  • the battery management system includes a processor, a bridge chip and several sampling chips, and the bridge chip is connected to the sampling chips one by one in the form of a daisy chain, or the bridge chip
  • the chip can also be connected with several sampling chips to form a circular daisy chain.
  • the sampling chip can be any known sampling chip, such as an analog front end sampling chip (Analog Front End, AFE), and one sampling chip can correspond to monitor the battery cells in a battery module of the battery pack. state, the sampling chip will send the collected signals such as cell voltage and temperature to the bridge chip through the daisy chain, and the bridge chip will forward all the signals collected by the sampling chip to the processor for processing. deal with.
  • FIG. 2 is another flow chart of the cell equalization method for the battery pack provided in this embodiment.
  • step S100 is executed. After the processor is powered off, it will go into sleep mode. When the processor is powered off, the processor will determine whether the battery cells need to be balanced. Optionally, the processor may control the sampling chip to collect the voltage of the batteries, and judge whether the batteries need to be balanced according to the voltage difference between the batteries, for example, the voltage in the batteries The voltage difference between the lowest battery cell and the highest voltage battery cell reaches a set voltage value (for example, 0.1V), and it can be determined whether the battery cells need to be balanced accordingly.
  • a set voltage value for example, 0.1V
  • Execute step S200 when it is determined that the battery needs to be balanced, perform offline balancing on the battery after the processor sleeps, so as to use the sleep time of the processor to perform offline balancing on the battery, which can solve the problem Large-capacity battery packs or battery packs with a high self-discharge rate do not have enough online equalization time to complete the cell equalization problem, which improves the life of the battery cells and the energy utilization efficiency of the battery pack.
  • the processor will also obtain the remaining equalization time corresponding to each of the cells.
  • the off-line equalization time of the cell reaches the corresponding remaining equalization time, it indicates that the cell has been balanced, and at this time, the off-line equalization of the cell can be stopped.
  • the remaining power of each of the batteries may be the same or different, the remaining equalization time corresponding to each of the batteries may also be the same or different. The times can also be the same or different.
  • the processor may also obtain a target balanced voltage, and the target balanced voltage may be a voltage of a battery cell with the lowest voltage among the battery cells.
  • the target balanced voltage may be a voltage of a battery cell with the lowest voltage among the battery cells.
  • the processor may also acquire both the remaining equalization time corresponding to each of the cells and the target equalization voltage, when the voltage of the cells When the target equalization voltage is reached and/or the off-line equalization time of the cells reaches the corresponding remaining equalization time, it indicates that the cells have completed equalization, and at this time, the off-line equalization of the cells can be stopped.
  • the sampling chip has a plurality of sampling channels and a plurality of equalization channels.
  • the sampling channel When the sampling channel is turned on, the sampling chip can collect the cell voltage and cell temperature of a plurality of the cells.
  • the sampling channel is used to collect the voltage of one cell or the temperature of one cell; when the equalization channel is turned on, the sampling chip can equalize a plurality of the cells.
  • one equalization channel is used for Perform balancing (off-line balancing or online balancing) on one of the cells. Therefore, whether to balance the cell depends on whether the sampling chip enables the equalization channel.
  • all the equalization channels of each sampling chip can be turned on synchronously, so that the cells can be balanced offline synchronously. Gradually turn off the equalization channel. Since the batteries are balanced offline synchronously, the time for offline balancing can be saved, and the balancing efficiency of the batteries can be improved.
  • the equalization channels in the sampling chip are usually arranged in order according to the serial number.
  • the equalization channels with odd numbers can be turned on synchronously, so that the serial numbers
  • the cells corresponding to the odd-numbered equalization channels perform offline equalization synchronously;
  • the even-numbered equalization channels can be turned on synchronously, so that the cells corresponding to the even-numbered equalization channels perform offline equalization synchronously.
  • the equalization channel with an odd number and the equalization channel with an even number are not turned on at the same time, that is, when the equalization channel with an even number is turned on, the circuit corresponding to the equalization channel with an even number The cell is performing offline equalization.
  • the equalization channel with an odd number is closed, and the cell corresponding to the equalization channel with an odd number is not performing offline equalization; otherwise, when the equalization channel with an odd number is turned on , the cell corresponding to the equalization channel with an odd number is performing offline equalization, at this time, the equalization channel with an even number is closed, and the cell corresponding to the equalization channel with an even number is not performing offline equalization .
  • the serial numbers are 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively, and the four equalization channels with serial numbers 1, 2, 3, and 4 are arranged in sequence, wherein, the serial numbers are 1, 3
  • the two equalization channels are opened synchronously, and the two equalization channels whose serial numbers are 2 and 4 are opened synchronously;
  • the equalization channel is closed, and when the two equalization channels with sequence numbers 2 and 4 are turned on, the two equalization channels with sequence numbers 1 and 3 are closed.
  • the equalization channel with an odd number when performing offline equalization on the cells of the battery pack, can be opened first, and after the cells corresponding to the equalization channel with an odd number have completed offline equalization, Then open the equalization channel with an even number until the cells corresponding to the equalization channel with an even number complete off-line equalization.
  • all the equalization channels with even serial numbers can also be opened first, and after the batteries corresponding to all the equalization channels with even serial numbers have completed offline equalization, then Turn on all the equalization channels with odd numbers until the cells corresponding to all the equalization channels with odd numbers complete off-line equalization.
  • the equalization channel with an even number and the equalization channel with an odd number can be alternately opened until all the cells are offline. balanced. It is equivalent to alternately performing offline equalization on the cells corresponding to the equalization channel with an even number and the cells corresponding to the equalization channel with an odd number, and the cells corresponding to the equalization channel with an even number and the cells with an odd number
  • the battery cells corresponding to the equalization channel have little difference in the voltage drop each time, which is beneficial to increase the stability of the battery cell balance.
  • the processor is dormant when performing offline balancing on the battery cells, it is impossible to monitor the state of the battery cells in real time and take corresponding measures according to the state of the battery cells, the battery pack has potential safety hazards .
  • the sampling chip when performing offline equalization on the cells of the battery pack, the sampling chip monitors its own temperature in real time. Since the temperature of the equalization channel can be approximately equal to the temperature of the sampling chip, when detecting When the temperature of any of the sampling chips is greater than a set temperature value, all the equalization channels are closed to stop off-line equalization of all the cells, so as to ensure the safety of the battery pack.
  • the processor when performing offline balancing on the battery cells, the processor is woken up every set time, and after the processor is woken up, it detects whether the battery pack fails online. When the processor detects that the battery pack is faulty, since the processor is online at this time, it can take corresponding actions for these faults to ensure the safety of the battery pack. In the event of failure, the processor can go into sleep mode again, and perform off-line balancing on the cells when necessary.
  • the failure of the battery pack includes a disconnection failure of the communication line between the sampling chip and the battery cell, an overvoltage/undervoltage/overtemperature failure of the battery cell, the One or more of the failure of the equalization channel of the sampling chip, the overtemperature failure of the sampling chip, and the failure of the temperature sensor in the battery pack, but not limited thereto.
  • the processor when the processor enters sleep mode, it is judged whether the cells of the battery pack need to be balanced; Offline balancing is performed on the battery cells when the device is in sleep mode.
  • the present invention uses the sleep time of the processor to perform off-line equalization on the battery cells of the battery pack, which can solve the problem that the online equalization time of a large-capacity battery pack or a battery pack with a high self-discharge rate is not enough to complete the battery cell equalization. The life of the battery cell and the energy utilization efficiency of the battery pack are improved.
  • each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts of each embodiment can be referred to each other.
  • the description is relatively simple, and for relevant information, please refer to the description of the method part.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé d'égalisation de cellule de batterie pour un bloc-batterie. Le procédé comprend les étapes suivantes consistant à : lorsqu'un processeur passe en hibernation, déterminer si une cellule de batterie d'un bloc-batterie doit être égalisée ; et lorsqu'il est déterminé que la cellule de batterie doit être égalisée, réaliser une égalisation hors ligne sur la cellule de batterie lorsque le processeur est en hibernation. Au moyen de la présente invention, une égalisation hors ligne est réalisée sur une cellule de batterie d'un bloc-batterie en utilisant le temps d'hibernation d'un processeur, de sorte que le problème de l'impossibilité d'achever une égalisation de cellule de batterie en raison d'un temps d'égalisation en ligne insuffisant d'un bloc-batterie de grande capacité ou d'un bloc-batterie ayant une très grande vitesse d'auto-décharge est résolu, ce qui permet de prolonger la durée de vie de la cellule de batterie et d'améliorer l'efficacité d'utilisation d'énergie du bloc-batterie.
PCT/CN2022/116963 2021-11-09 2022-09-05 Procédé d'égalisation de cellule de batterie pour bloc-batterie WO2023082794A1 (fr)

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CN202111322433.5A CN114069781A (zh) 2021-11-09 2021-11-09 电池包的电芯均衡方法
CN202111322433.5 2021-11-09

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CN213817266U (zh) * 2020-10-22 2021-07-27 四川日拓能源科技有限公司 一种基于多级采样的电池均衡装置
CN114069781A (zh) * 2021-11-09 2022-02-18 联合汽车电子有限公司 电池包的电芯均衡方法

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CN116995782A (zh) * 2023-09-25 2023-11-03 杭州鹏成新能源科技有限公司 一种电池的被动均衡方法、系统、电子设备及存储介质
CN116995782B (zh) * 2023-09-25 2024-01-23 杭州鹏成新能源科技有限公司 一种电池的被动均衡方法、系统、电子设备及存储介质

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