WO2020244062A1 - 氧化石墨烯人工耳蜗电极及其制作方法 - Google Patents

氧化石墨烯人工耳蜗电极及其制作方法 Download PDF

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WO2020244062A1
WO2020244062A1 PCT/CN2019/102226 CN2019102226W WO2020244062A1 WO 2020244062 A1 WO2020244062 A1 WO 2020244062A1 CN 2019102226 W CN2019102226 W CN 2019102226W WO 2020244062 A1 WO2020244062 A1 WO 2020244062A1
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electrode
graphene oxide
silica gel
wire
platinum
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PCT/CN2019/102226
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English (en)
French (fr)
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钱晓云
祁姝琪
高下
孙晓安
柴人杰
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浙江诺尔康神经电子科技股份有限公司
南京鼓楼医院
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Application filed by 浙江诺尔康神经电子科技股份有限公司, 南京鼓楼医院 filed Critical 浙江诺尔康神经电子科技股份有限公司
Priority to US17/616,572 priority Critical patent/US11992674B2/en
Publication of WO2020244062A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020244062A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/02—Details
    • A61N1/04—Electrodes
    • A61N1/05—Electrodes for implantation or insertion into the body, e.g. heart electrode
    • A61N1/0526—Head electrodes
    • A61N1/0541—Cochlear electrodes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
    • A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
    • A61N1/36036—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation of the outer, middle or inner ear
    • A61N1/36038—Cochlear stimulation

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  • the invention relates to the field of electronic medical treatment, in particular to a graphene oxide cochlear artificial electrode and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • Medical silica gel belongs to a family of organopolysiloxanes and is formed by polymerization of monomers composed of silicon, oxygen and organic radicals. Medical silica gel has good physical and chemical stability and physiological inertia. After implantation in the human body, it will be absorbed, metabolized and degraded by the body. It has good aging resistance under complex environmental conditions in the body. These excellent characteristics of medical silica gel make it It is increasingly widely used in the field of biomedicine. Medical silicone began to be used in the medical field in the middle of the 20th century, and is now widely used in implant materials, such as artificial heart valves, urinary catheters, retinas and other organs or tissue substitutes.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a graphene oxide cochlear implant electrode that improves the hydrophilicity of the silica gel surface, imparts antibacterial properties to the silica gel, and reduces the cytotoxicity thereof, and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • a graphene oxide cochlear implant electrode including an electrode tip tip, an electrode carrier, an electrode contact, a first positioning ring, a second positioning ring, a booster, an electrode wire, Loop electrodes, loop electrode wires and wire arrays, of which,
  • the tip of the electrode tip is arranged at the foremost part of the cochlear implant electrode, the electrode carrier is silica gel grafted with graphene oxide, the electrode carrier wraps the electrode wire and half-wraps the electrode contacts connected to the electrode wire one by one, and the electrode carrier is overall Slightly curved shape; the first positioning ring, the second positioning ring and the booster are arranged in sequence behind all the electrode contacts for insertion depth positioning and implantation assistance during implantation; the electrode wires and the electrode contacts are connected one by one through The first locating ring, the second locating ring and the booster are in a spiral shape, the return electrode is arranged behind the spiral electrode wire, which is circular; the return electrode wire is connected to the return electrode, and the wire array is composed of electrode wires.
  • the electrode carrier is exposed at one end of the array and loop electrode wires.
  • the electrode contact is a hook-shaped electrode, and a first lateral hole and a second lateral hole are arranged at the hook-back position, and the inner side of the bottom is connected with the electrode wire through a solder joint.
  • the electrode contact is in the shape of a U-shaped button.
  • the present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a graphene oxide cochlear implant electrode, including the following steps:
  • S50 Arrange the electrode contacts, electrode wires, loop electrodes and loop electrode wires.
  • the electrode wires are bundled and spiraled, and graphene oxide silica gel is used for injection molding;
  • the production of graphene oxide silica gel includes the following steps:
  • S51 Put the silica gel sheet in deionized water, acetone and ethanol for ultrasonic cleaning for 15-20 minutes to remove impurities such as oil on the surface of the silicone rubber, rinse with deionized water, and dry for later use;
  • the silica gel flakes are soaked in the graphene oxide aqueous dispersion for 1 to 4 hours to obtain the silica gel flakes grafted with graphene oxide.
  • the manufacturing of the electrode contact further includes laser cutting holes on both sides of the platinum-iridium alloy sheet.
  • the silane coupling agent is trimethoxysilane.
  • the overall shape of the slightly curved electrode is combined with two positioning rings and booster parts, which is more convenient during the implantation process, has less damage to the cochlea, and does not cause unnecessary distortion of the electrode as a whole;
  • Graphene oxide is added to the electrode carrier, and methyl vinyl silica gel is used as the substrate.
  • the surface of the silica gel is activated by ultraviolet radiation, and then the graphene oxide is grafted to the silica gel through the silane coupling agent trimethoxysilane. It not only improves the hydrophilicity of silica gel, but also imparts antibacterial properties to silica gel, while reducing its cytotoxicity, greatly improving the antibacterial, reliability and safety of the cochlear implant electrode, ensuring that the implanted electrode can work normally in the human body for a long time.
  • Cochlear manufacturing technology has a driving effect.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a graphene oxide cochlear implant electrode according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrode contact (inner U-shaped electrode) of the graphene oxide cochlear implant electrode in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrode contact (hook electrode) of the graphene oxide cochlear implant electrode in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the steps of a method for manufacturing a graphene oxide cochlear implant electrode according to a method embodiment of the present invention.
  • a graphene oxide cochlear implant electrode including electrode tip 1, electrode carrier 2, electrode contact 4, first positioning ring 5, second positioning ring 6, booster 7, electrode Wire 9, loop electrode 10, loop electrode wire 11 and wire array 12, of which,
  • the electrode tip 1 is arranged at the foremost part of the cochlear implant electrode, the electrode carrier 2 is a silica gel grafted with graphene oxide, the electrode carrier 2 wraps the electrode wire 9 and half-wraps the electrode contacts connected to the electrode wire 9 one by one 4.
  • the electrode carrier 2 is slightly curved as a whole; the first positioning ring 5, the second positioning ring 6 and the boosting part 7 are arranged in sequence behind all the electrode contacts 4 for insertion depth positioning and implantation assistance during implantation ;
  • the electrode wire 9 and the electrode contact 4 are connected one by one through the first positioning ring 5, the second positioning ring 6 and the booster 7 and then in a spiral shape.
  • the return electrode 10 is arranged behind the spiral electrode wire 9 and is a circular ring
  • the loop electrode wire 11 is connected to the loop electrode 10, the wire array 12 is composed of the wire electrode 9, and one end of the wire array 12 and the loop electrode wire 11 exposes the electrode carrier 2.
  • the electrode contact 4 is an inner buckle U-shaped, the inner buckle is provided with a first lateral hole 21 and a second lateral hole 22, and the inner side of the bottom is connected to the electrode wire 9 through a first solder joint 26.
  • the electrode contact 4 is in the shape of a hook, and both sides of the hook shape are provided with a first lateral hole 21 and a second lateral hole 22.
  • the angle of the shape is 25-135°.
  • the electrode contact 4 with lateral holes and the electrode carrier 2 are more firmly combined, and the area of the electrode contact 4 exposed outside the electrode carrier 2 is also very suitable, and the effect of electrical stimulation is also improved.
  • the electrode carrier is the silica gel grafted with graphene oxide, which has antibacterial properties.
  • the antibacterial properties of the blank silica gel and the silica gel grafted with graphene oxide are qualitatively evaluated against E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus by the plate colony counting method and fluorescent staining method. Bacteria were cultured on the surface of silica gel grafted with graphene oxide as the experimental group, and bacteria were cultured on the surface of blank silica gel as the control group. After the E. coli was cultured on the silica gel grafted with graphene oxide, the colonies were significantly less than the control group.
  • the colony of Staphylococcus aureus was also reduced compared with the control group, and the antibacterial rate was 65%. Therefore, the silica gel grafted with graphene oxide exhibits antibacterial properties against both gram-negative bacteria and gram-positive bacteria.
  • the silica gel used in the cochlear implant electrodes in the prior art has poor hydrophilicity and exhibits extremely strong hydrophobicity. Therefore, the affinity after implantation in the cochlea is poor. When it comes in contact with the internal tissues of the human body, the surface is prone to bacterial adhesion , And then form a biofilm, causing infection and various complications.
  • the silica gel grafted with graphene oxide has excellent dispersibility in water due to the hydrophilic groups such as hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups attached to the defects of graphene oxide, which greatly improves the hydrophilicity of silica gel.
  • the silica gel grafted with graphene oxide is used as the electrode carrier, and the larger surface area can be used as the drug carrier, and the drug molecules can be grafted to the silica gel active group of the graphene oxide to obtain a good water solubility and biocompatibility.
  • Functionalized graphene oxide silica gel is not limited to implantation in the human body, but can also graft molecules with other functions to graphene oxide to make it have various functions, such as purifying the environment and adsorbing toxic and harmful substances in water.
  • a method for manufacturing a graphene oxide cochlear implant electrode includes the following steps:
  • S50 Arrange the electrode contacts, electrode wires, loop electrodes and loop electrode wires.
  • the electrode wires are bundled and spiraled, and graphene oxide silica gel is used for injection molding;
  • the production of graphene oxide silica gel includes the following steps:
  • S51 Put the silica gel sheet in deionized water, acetone and ethanol for ultrasonic cleaning for 15-20 minutes to remove impurities such as oil on the surface of the silicone rubber, rinse with deionized water, and dry for later use;
  • S10 fabricating electrode contacts also includes laser cutting holes on both sides of the platinum-iridium alloy sheet.
  • the silica gel is made of methyl vinyl, and the surface of the silica gel is activated by ultraviolet radiation, and then graphene oxide is grafted onto the silica gel by the silane coupling agent trimethoxysilane.
  • the method is simple and easy to implement, and at the same time, it not only immerses the silica gel in the graphene oxide suspension, the grafting effect is good and the content is high.

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Abstract

一种氧化石墨烯人工耳蜗电极及其制作方法，包括电极头尖端（1）、电极载体（2）、电极触点（4）、第一定位环（5）、第二定位环（6）、助推部（7）、电极丝（9）、回路电极（10）、回路电极丝（11）和丝阵列（12），其中，电极头尖端（1）设置在人工耳蜗电极的最前部，所述电极载体（2）为接枝氧化石墨烯的硅胶，电极载体（2）包裹电极丝（9）和半包裹与电极丝（9）一一连接的电极触点（4），电极载体（2）整体呈微弯形；电极丝（9）与电极触点（4）一一连接经第一定位环（5）、第二定位环（6）和助推部（7）后呈螺旋形。本氧化石墨人工耳蜗电极采用甲基乙烯基硅胶，进行活化处理后通过硅烷偶联剂三甲氧基硅烷将氧化石墨烯接枝到硅胶，形成亲水性抗菌聚合物，既提高了硅胶的亲水性又赋予硅胶抗菌性能，同时降低其细胞毒性。

Description

氧化石墨烯人工耳蜗电极及其制作方法 技术领域
本发明涉及电子医疗领域，特别涉及一种氧化石墨烯人工耳蜗电极及其制作方法。
背景技术
医用硅胶属于有机聚硅氧烷的一族，是由硅、氧及有机根组成的单体经聚合而形成的。医用硅胶具有很好的理化稳定性和生理惰性，植入人体后，会被机体吸收、代谢和降解，在体内复杂的环境条件下具有良好的耐老化性，医用硅胶自身的这些优良特性使其在生物医学领域应用日益广泛。医用硅胶于20世纪中期开始应用于医学领域，目前更是广泛应用于植入材料，如人工心脏瓣膜、导尿管、视网膜等器官或组织代用品。但由于医用硅胶表面表现出极强的疏水性，其植入体内后与机体的亲和力差，组织在其周围形成包膜，包膜受外界刺激后容易引起挛缩而导致植入体变形移位、材料外露等问题。此外，医用硅胶材料在与人体内部组织接触时，其表面易于发生细菌黏附，进而形成生物膜，引发感染和多种并发症，使病人承受极大的痛苦。因此，提高医用硅胶的抗菌性能是扩大其临床应用范围的有效手段。
为了提高医用硅胶表面亲水性，从而改善其同机体的亲和能力，现有技术中采用了多种方法对医用硅胶进行改性，目前比较常用的方法有：表面接枝改性、等离子体表面改性、纳米材料填充医用硅胶改性、仿生法改性和与生物活性物质混合改性医用硅胶等。为尽可能减少医用硅胶植入引发的细菌感染，人们通常会对医用硅胶表面进行处理，例如，将抗菌成分涂覆在医用硅胶材料的 表面，或者通过化学接枝的方法将抗菌剂接枝到医用硅胶的表面形成抗菌。但是常用的抗菌剂如金属银离子等形成的抗菌在有效地阻止细菌黏附以及增殖的同时，也存在细胞毒性等潜在危险，以其应用受到了一定程度的限制。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种提高了硅胶表面亲水性，赋予硅胶抗菌性能，同时降低其细胞毒性的氧化石墨烯人工耳蜗电极及其制作方法。
为了实现上述目的，本发明的技术方案如下：一种氧化石墨烯人工耳蜗电极，包括电极头尖端、电极载体、电极触点、第一定位环、第二定位环、助推部、电极丝、回路电极、回路电极丝和丝阵列，其中，
所述电极头尖端设置在人工耳蜗电极的最前部，所述电极载体为接枝氧化石墨烯的硅胶，电极载体包裹电极丝和半包裹与电极丝一一连接的电极触点，电极载体整体呈微弯形；在所有的电极触点后方依次设置第一定位环、第二定位环和助推部，用于植入时插入深度定位和植入辅助；电极丝与电极触点一一连接经第一定位环、第二定位环和助推部后呈螺旋形，回路电极设置在螺旋形的电极丝后方，为圆环状；回路电极丝与回路电极连接，丝阵列由电极丝组成，丝阵列与回路电极丝的一端露出电极载体。
优选地，所述电极触点为回勾形电极，其回勾处设置第一侧向孔和第二侧向孔，底部内侧通过焊点与电极丝连接。
优选地，所述电极触点为内扣U形。
与上述人工耳蜗电极对应的，本发明还提供了一种氧化石墨烯人工耳蜗电极的制作方法，包括以下步骤：
S10，制作电极触点：将铂铱合金坯料进行退火、轧制为铂铱合金片；对铂铱合金片激光切割后，冲压成型；
S20，制作电极丝：将铂铱合金坯料进行退火、冷拔和矫直为铂铱合金丝；对铂铱合金丝进行和波浪形处理，即为电极丝；将电极触点与电极丝焊接、超声波清洗和等离子处理；
S30，制作回路电极：将铂铱合金坯料进行退火、冷拔、矫直、研磨为环形的铂铱合金片；进行激光切割和去毛刺；
S40，制作回路电极丝：将铂铱合金坯料进行退火、冷拔和矫直为铂铱合金丝即为回路电极丝；
S50，将电极触点、电极丝、回路电极和回路电极丝排列，电极丝成束并绕螺旋，用氧化石墨烯硅胶进行注塑；
S60，对电极触点裸露面激光切割、回路电极环形面切割；清洗和电气检验；
其中，氧化石墨烯硅胶的制作包括以下步骤：
S51，将硅胶薄片置于去离子水、丙酮和乙醇中进行超声波清洗15～20min，去除硅橡胶表面的油污等杂质，用去离子水淋洗，晾干后备用；
S52，将清洗过的硅胶薄片悬挂置于波长272nm的紫外灯箱中辐照2小时，使其表面活化，产生活性基团；
S53，在50℃恒温条件下，将紫外辐照处理过的硅胶薄片置于硅烷偶联剂溶液中浸泡1～1.5小时，取出后用无水乙醇淋洗，去除表面物理吸附的硅烷偶联剂，并晾干备用；
S54，将硅胶薄片置于氧化石墨烯水分散液中浸泡1～4h，得到接枝了氧化 石墨烯的硅胶薄片。
优选地，所述制作电极触点还包括对铂铱合金片两侧激光切孔。
优选地，所述硅烷偶联剂为三甲氧基硅烷。
采用上述技术方案的氧化石墨烯人工耳蜗电极，至少包括以下有益效果：
一、微弯形电极整体形状结合两个定位环和助推部，在植入过程中更加方便，对耳蜗损伤小，也不会对电极整体造成不必要的扭曲；
二、带侧向孔的电极触点与硅胶的结合更加牢固，不易脱落，电极触点暴露面积合适；
三、电极载体中加入氧化石墨烯，采用甲基乙烯基硅胶作为基底，先通过紫外辐照对硅胶表面进行活化处理，然后通过硅烷偶联剂三甲氧基硅烷将氧化石墨烯接枝到硅胶，既提高了硅胶的亲水性，又赋予硅胶抗菌性能，同时降低其细胞毒性，使得人工耳蜗电极的抗菌性、可靠性和安全性大大提高，确保植入电极在人体内长期正常工作，对人工耳蜗制造技术具有推动作用。
附图说明
图1为本发明实施例氧化石墨烯人工耳蜗电极的结构示意图。
图2为本发明一实施例中氧化石墨烯人工耳蜗电极的电极触点(内扣U形电极)结构示意图。
图3为本发明又一实施例中氧化石墨烯人工耳蜗电极的电极触点(回勾形电极)结构示意图。
图4为本发明方法实施例的氧化石墨烯人工耳蜗电极制作方法步骤流程图。
具体实施方式
参见图1-3所示，一种氧化石墨烯人工耳蜗电极，包括电极头尖端1、电极载体2、电极触点4、第一定位环5、第二定位环6、助推部7、电极丝9、回路电极10、回路电极丝11和丝阵列12，其中，
所述电极头尖端1设置在人工耳蜗电极的最前部，所述电极载体2为接枝氧化石墨烯的硅胶，电极载体2包裹电极丝9和半包裹与电极丝9一一连接的电极触点4，电极载体2整体呈微弯形；在所有的电极触点4后方依次设置第一定位环5、第二定位环6和助推部7，用于植入时插入深度定位和植入辅助；电极丝9与电极触点4一一连接经第一定位环5、第二定位环6和助推部7后呈螺旋形，回路电极10设置在螺旋形的电极丝9后方，为圆环状；回路电极丝11与回路电极10连接，丝阵列12由电极丝9组成，丝阵列12与回路电极丝11的一端露出电极载体2。
参见图2，电极触点4为内扣U形，其内扣处设置第一侧向孔21和第二侧向孔22，底部内侧通过第一焊点26与电极丝9连接。
参见图3，电极触点4为回勾形，其回勾形两侧设置第一侧向孔21和第二侧向孔22，底部内侧通过第一焊点26与电极丝9连接，回勾形的角度为25-135°。
带侧向孔的电极触点4与电极载体2的结合更加牢固，电极触点4裸露在电极载体2外的面积也十分合适，对电刺激的效果也有提升。
电极载体为接枝氧化石墨烯的硅胶具有抗菌性，对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌经平板菌落计数法和荧光染色法来定性评估空白硅胶和接枝氧化石墨烯 的硅胶的抗菌性能。将细菌在接枝氧化石墨烯的硅胶表面培养作为实验组，将细菌在空白硅胶表面培养作为对照组，大肠杆菌在接枝氧化石墨烯的硅胶接触培养后，菌落明显少于对照组，抗菌率为88.7％；金黄色葡萄球菌在与接枝氧化石墨烯的硅胶接触培养后，其菌落与对照组相比也有所减少，抗菌率为65％。故接枝氧化石墨烯的硅胶对革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌都表现出了抗菌性。
现有技术中的人工耳蜗电极采用的硅胶亲水性较差，表现出的是极强的疏水性，故植入耳蜗后的亲和力差，在与人体内部组织接触时，其表面易于发生细菌黏附，进而形成生物膜，引发感染和多种并发症。接枝氧化石墨烯的硅胶，由于氧化石墨烯缺陷处附带的羟基、羧基等亲水集团使得其在水中的分散性极好，极大地改善了硅胶的亲水性。并且接枝氧化石墨烯的硅胶作为电极载体，较大的表面积可以作为药物载体，将药物分子接枝到氧化石墨烯的硅胶活性基团上，可以制得具有良好水溶性及生物相容性的功能化氧化石墨烯硅胶，不局限于人体植入还可以将具有其他功能的分子接枝到氧化石墨烯上，使其具备各种功能，比如净化环境，吸附水中的有毒有害物质等。
与上述电极对应的，本发明方法实施例参见图4，一种氧化石墨烯人工耳蜗电极制作方法，包括以下步骤：
S10，制作电极触点：将铂铱合金坯料进行退火、轧制为铂铱合金片；对铂铱合金片激光切割后，冲压成型；
S20，制作电极丝：将铂铱合金坯料进行退火、冷拔和矫直为铂铱合金丝；对铂铱合金丝进行和波浪形处理，即为电极丝；将电极触点与电极丝焊接、超声波清洗和等离子处理；
S30，制作回路电极：将铂铱合金坯料进行退火、冷拔、矫直、研磨为环形的铂铱合金片；进行激光切割和去毛刺；
S40，制作回路电极丝：将铂铱合金坯料进行退火、冷拔和矫直为铂铱合金丝即为回路电极丝；
S50，将电极触点、电极丝、回路电极和回路电极丝排列，电极丝成束并绕螺旋，用氧化石墨烯硅胶进行注塑；
S60，对电极触点裸露面激光切割、回路电极环形面切割；清洗和电气检验；
其中，氧化石墨烯硅胶的制作包括以下步骤：
S51，将硅胶薄片置于去离子水、丙酮和乙醇中进行超声波清洗15～20min，去除硅橡胶表面的油污等杂质，用去离子水淋洗，晾干后备用；
S52，将清洗过的硅胶薄片悬挂置于波长272nm的紫外灯箱中辐照2小时，使其表面活化，产生活性基团；
S53，在50℃恒温条件下，将紫外辐照处理过的硅胶薄片置于硅烷偶联剂溶液中浸泡1～1.5小时，取出后用无水乙醇淋洗，去除表面物理吸附的硅烷偶联剂，并晾干备用；
S54，将硅胶薄片置于氧化石墨烯水分散液中浸泡1～4h，得到接枝了氧化石墨烯的硅胶薄片。
具体实施例中，S10制作电极触点还包括对铂铱合金片两侧激光切孔。
硅胶采用甲基乙烯基，先通过紫外辐照对硅胶表面进行活化处理，然后通过硅烷偶联剂三甲氧基硅烷将氧化石墨烯接枝到硅胶上。方法简便、易实现，同时又不仅是将硅胶浸入氧化石墨烯悬混液中，接枝效果好，含量高。
最后说明的是，以上优选实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管通过上述优选实施例已经对本发明进行了详细的描述，但本领域技术人员应当理解，可以在形式上和细节上对其作出各种各样的改变，而不偏离本发明权利要求书所限定的范围。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种氧化石墨烯人工耳蜗电极，其特征在于，包括电极头尖端、电极载体、电极触点、第一定位环、第二定位环、助推部、电极丝、回路电极、回路电极丝和丝阵列，其中，
    所述电极头尖端设置在人工耳蜗电极的最前部，所述电极载体为接枝氧化石墨烯的硅胶，电极载体包裹电极丝和半包裹与电极丝一一连接的电极触点，电极载体整体呈微弯形；在所有的电极触点后方依次设置第一定位环、第二定位环和助推部，用于植入时插入深度定位和植入辅助；电极丝与电极触点一一连接经第一定位环、第二定位环和助推部后呈螺旋形，回路电极设置在螺旋形的电极丝后方，为圆环状；回路电极丝与回路电极连接，丝阵列由电极丝组成，丝阵列与回路电极丝的一端露出电极载体。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的氧化石墨烯人工耳蜗电极，其特征在于，所述电极触点为回勾形电极，其回勾处设置第一侧向孔和第二侧向孔，底部内侧通过焊点与电极丝连接。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的氧化石墨烯人工耳蜗电极，其特征在于，所述电极触点为内扣U形。
  4. 一种权利要求1-3之一所述氧化石墨烯人工耳蜗电极的制作方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
    S10，制作电极触点：将铂铱合金坯料进行退火、轧制为铂铱合金片；对铂铱合金片激光切割后，冲压成型；
    S20，制作电极丝：将铂铱合金坯料进行退火、冷拔和矫直为铂铱合金丝；对铂铱合金丝进行和波浪形处理，即为电极丝；将电极触点与电极丝焊接、超声波清洗和等离子处理；
    S30，制作回路电极：将铂铱合金坯料进行退火、冷拔、矫直、研磨为环形的铂铱合金片；进行激光切割和去毛刺；
    S40，制作回路电极丝：将铂铱合金坯料进行退火、冷拔和矫直为铂铱合金丝即为回路电极丝；
    S50，将电极触点、电极丝、回路电极和回路电极丝排列，电极丝成束并绕螺旋，用氧化石墨烯硅胶进行注塑；
    S60，对电极触点裸露面激光切割、回路电极环形面切割；清洗和电气检验；
    其中，氧化石墨烯硅胶的制作包括以下步骤：
    S51，将硅胶薄片置于去离子水、丙酮和乙醇中进行超声波清洗15～20min，去除硅橡胶表面的油污等杂质，用去离子水淋洗，晾干后备用；
    S52，将清洗过的硅胶薄片悬挂置于波长272nm的紫外灯箱中辐照2小时，使其表面活化，产生活性基团；
    S53，在50℃恒温条件下，将紫外辐照处理过的硅胶薄片置于硅烷偶联剂溶液中浸泡1～1.5小时，取出后用无水乙醇淋洗，去除表面物理吸附的硅烷偶联剂，并晾干备用；
    S54，将硅胶薄片置于氧化石墨烯水分散液中浸泡1～4h，得到接枝了氧化石墨烯的硅胶薄片。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的氧化石墨烯人工耳蜗电极制作方法，其特征在于，所述制作电极触点还包括对铂铱合金片两侧激光切孔。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的氧化石墨烯人工耳蜗电极制作方法，其特征在于，所述硅烷偶联剂为三甲氧基硅烷。
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