WO2020226504A1 - Procédé et système de chauffage de gnl avant son entrée dans un réservoir de stockage d'un navire ou d'un autre gaz - Google Patents

Procédé et système de chauffage de gnl avant son entrée dans un réservoir de stockage d'un navire ou d'un autre gaz Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020226504A1
WO2020226504A1 PCT/NO2020/050103 NO2020050103W WO2020226504A1 WO 2020226504 A1 WO2020226504 A1 WO 2020226504A1 NO 2020050103 W NO2020050103 W NO 2020050103W WO 2020226504 A1 WO2020226504 A1 WO 2020226504A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lng
ship
bunkering
heat exchange
unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/NO2020/050103
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ann Rigmor Nerheim
Original Assignee
Ann Rigmor Nerheim
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ann Rigmor Nerheim filed Critical Ann Rigmor Nerheim
Publication of WO2020226504A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020226504A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F02M21/0221—Fuel storage reservoirs, e.g. cryogenic tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0203—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels characterised by the type of gaseous fuel
    • F02M21/0215—Mixtures of gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Biogas; Mine gas; Landfill gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/0218—Details on the gaseous fuel supply system, e.g. tanks, valves, pipes, pumps, rails, injectors or mixers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M21/00—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form
    • F02M21/02—Apparatus for supplying engines with non-liquid fuels, e.g. gaseous fuels stored in liquid form for gaseous fuels
    • F02M21/06—Apparatus for de-liquefying, e.g. by heating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and system for heating LNG before the LNG enters the storage tank onboard a ship or other gas consumer vessel, as disclosed in the preamble of the independent claims.
  • the invention provides a solution for pressure control in storage tanks of LNG or other cryogenic fluids, which maintains stable pressure during gas consumption from the storage tank without the use of pressure build-up unit or LNG pump downstream of the LNG storage tank during gas supply to the engine.
  • the pressure in the LNG tank is maintained by using a pressure build-up unit (PBU), which takes LNG from the bottom of the LNG tank, vaporizes it and injects it to the gas cap in the upper part of the LNG tank.
  • the driving force in the system is the differential pressure in the tank.
  • the drawback with this solution is that just after bunkering, the LNG is very cold (typically -164 °C). At this temperature the vapour pressure of the LNG is lower than the minimum pressure required by the gas engine.
  • the PBU can still be used to build pressure in the tank to obtain a supply pressure as required by the engine, but this gas cap may condensate rapidly causing a reduction in pressure. If the ship encounters moderately high seas, sloshing will occur in the tank.
  • LNG is stored in the LNG storage tank and in connection with a bunkering operation the marine vessel is supplied with LNG by connecting a source of LNG to a bunkering line of the marine vessel and subsequently supplying the marine vessel with LNG through the bunkering line.
  • the bunkering line is cooled down prior to bunkering operation.
  • the present invention gives an alternative way of controlling the tank pressure and the gas supply pressure, with a simple and low-cost method and system.
  • the present invention describes a method and a system to obtain a "self-sustaining" operating tank pressure situation during bunkering, so that there is no need for using a pressure build-up unit or an LNG pump to maintain the operating pressure in the tank during voyage.
  • the present invention is a novel LNG fuel system processing philosophy, which takes advantage of the thermodynamics of the LNG.
  • the invention describes a method and system which is completely different from existing LNG tank pressure control philosophies.
  • the invention is to heat the LNG during bunkering using a heat exchange unit (HEX).
  • HEX heat exchange unit
  • the HEX can be a permanent unit installed onshore at the location of the LNG supplier.
  • the HEX unit can also be a mobile unit, e.g. for use when bunkering smaller boats with LNG from LNG trucks.
  • a mobile unit can be located onshore or on the ship being bunkered.
  • Another alternative is to install a HEX in or along the bunkering pipe.
  • the amount of heat to be added can be calculated based on the LNG composition, LNG temperature To from the LNG supplier, and the specifications of the
  • the LNG would be heated 20-30 °C, from -164°C to ca -134°C.
  • the LNG could also be heated less than 20°C or more than 30°C.
  • the tank pressure is monitored continuously.
  • the heat input rate through the HEX can be regulated to meet the required LNG temperature and corresponding vapour pressure in the tank, which is equal to or higher than the required supply pressure to the engine.
  • the LNG temperature and the corresponding LNG vapour pressure in the tank will correspond to the desired tank operating pressure.
  • the pressure in the tank will be sustained by natural evaporation from the LNG. Hence, PBU or LNG pump is not required during voyage.
  • the invention thus represents a simpler and far less costly installation onboard the ship or other gas consumer. Because of the reduced amount of piping, valves and equipment like pump and sensors, the risk of leakages is reduced, and the space allocated by the LNG fuel system is reduced.
  • the system can be combined with a re-condensation unit for condensation of part of the gas cap in cases where the tank pressure increases above a maximum pressure limit. Such a situation could occur if the gas consumption is low compared to the heat inflow to the tank with time.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a configuration of the invention with a permanent heat exchanger unit located onshore.
  • Figure 2 shows an alternative where the heat exchanger is a mobile unit that can be located onshore or onboard the ship.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a permanent heat exchanger unit located onboard the ship.
  • Figure 4 shows an alternative to Figure 3, with the heat exchanger built around a length of the bunkering line onboard the ship.
  • Figures 5, 6 and 7 are alternative configurations to Figure 4, with the heat exchanger unit built around a length of one or several of the bottom and top bunkering lines of the LNG tank onboard the ship.
  • FIGs 8, 9, 10 and 11 show the configurations of Figures 1-7 with the addition of one or more bypass lines, so that the whole, part of, or no part of the bunkering flow can be routed through the bypass instead of through the heat exchanger unit.
  • Figure 13 shows an embodiment in which a re-condensation unit has been included.
  • Figure 14 shows a simplified drawing of a typical LNG fuel processing system used today. For simplicity, valves are not shown.
  • Figure 15 shows the corresponding and simple processing system that would be required if the present invention is used during bunkering. Valves are not shown, since this would be obvious to a person skilled in the art.
  • FIG. 1 Shows one of several embodiments of the invention.
  • the system 1 contains a ship or a gas consumer 2, including an LNG tank 3.
  • An LNG plant or LNG supplier delivers LNG into a bunkering line 6 located onshore or on a quay 4.
  • a heat exchange unit 5 permanently installed onshore or on the quay 4 heats the LNG by transferring heat from a heating fluid without mixing with the LNG flowing in the bunkering pipe.
  • 5 will consist of a shell and tube heat exchanger or a shell and plate heat exchanger or the like.
  • the heat exchanger 5 can be one unit or a combination of several units.
  • the heating fluid can be delivered from an onshore facility, from the ship, or it can be sea water fed directly to the heat exchanger unit.
  • the output line 7 from the heat exchanger unit 5 delivers the heated LNG to the bunker line 8 of the ship or gas consumer 2.
  • the LNG tank 3 is bunkered from line 8 through line 9 to the top of the LNG tank or through line 10 to the bottom of the tank.
  • the complete set of valves and sensors are not shown in the figures, since these are evident for a person skilled in the art.
  • top or bottom bunkering of the tank is regulated using valves 11a and lib.
  • Tank level measurements and tank pressure on the receiving ship is monitored on the control panel of the ship, and the data is continuously sent to the bunkering operation control station from a transducer 12 by wireless communication 13.
  • the heat exchange rate data including temperature of LNG and heating fluid at input and output of the unit, flowrate and gas sensor data are measured and sent from the heat exchange unit 5 using a transducer 14 and wireless communication 15 to the bunkering operation control station 16.
  • the LNG pump of the LNG supplier facility is not shown in the figure, since this pump in most cases will be located upstream of the heat exchanger unit 5.
  • the LNG pump can be installed in or downstream of the heat exchanger unit.
  • Gas supply to the engine is mainly supplied from the liquid phase of the LNG tank through line 20 and a valve 20a.
  • the LNG from line 20 is vaporized in a Main Vaporizer and the gas heated in a Gas Heater to the temperature required by the gas engine.
  • the heat exchanger can be a mobile unit 5a.
  • a mobile heat exchanger can be transported around together with an LNG truck, which is often used for bunkering smaller LNG ships or tanks.
  • the principle of the heat exchanger unit is as described above.
  • FIG. 3 An alternative to the configurations shown in Figure 1 and 2 is to install the heat exchanger unit onboard the ship, as shown in Figure 3.
  • a heating unit 5b similar to the one described above, is installed permanently onboard the ship. In this case the most practical solution is to use a heating medium supplied by the ship, but it could also be connected to a heating fluid supplier onshore.
  • FIG 4 illustrates yet another embodiment, in which the heat exchanger unit 5c is built around a length of the main bunkering pipe 8, either onshore or onboard the ship.
  • the length of bunkering pipe to be included in the heat exchange unit will depend on the dimension of the bunkering pipe, heat exchange coefficients, heating medium temperature, flow rates of LNG and heating medium and can be specified for each individual ship.
  • FIG. 5 The configuration in Figure 5 is similar to Figure 4, but with the heating unit 5d installed around the bottom bunkering line 10.
  • Figure 6 an alternative is shown, where the heating unit 5e is installed around the top bunkering line 9.
  • Figure 7 shows a combination of the solutions illustrated in Figure 5 and 6, with heating units 5d and 5e around the bottom bunkering line 10 and top bunkering line 9.
  • the heat exchanger unit(s) can be combined with a bypass line (17, 17a, 17b, 17c, 17d and/or 17e), as illustrated in Figures 8, 9, 10 and 11.
  • the bypass line(s) With the bypass line(s), the resulting LNG temperature in the LNG tank can be adjusted by allowing the whole, part of it, or no part of the bunkering flow to pass through the bypass instead of through the heat exchanger unit by regulating valves (18, 18a, 18b, 18c, 18d and 18e and 19, 19a, 19b, 19c, 19d and 19e.
  • the need of, and dimension of, the bypass will depend on the heating medium temperature, LNG and heating medium flow rates, and heat exchange unit specifications, but can also be customized.
  • the regulation of the valves can be automatic and integrated in the heat exchange control system 16.
  • the control system 16 can be a permanent installation or a handheld mobile unit.
  • Figure 12 illustrates that the invention can easily be adapted for ships containing more than one storage tank.
  • the invention can also be combined with a re-condensation unit 22, as illustrated in Figure 13, to be used if the pressure in the tank rises above a given limit.
  • the re-condensed gas can be injected to the supply line or returned into the tank gas or liquid phase.
  • the heat exchanger bypass lines, the gas supply line from the top of the LNG tank (20b) and connected units are not shown in Figures 12 and 13. Flowever, in most cases these components will be included in combination with one or more of the described embodiments.
  • Figure 14 shows a simplified drawing of a typical LNG fuel processing system used today. For simplicity, valves are not shown.
  • An LNG pump is fed through a line 20' from the bottom of the tank. Alternatively, it could be fed from the line 20.
  • the pump may feed both the PBU 33 and the vaporizer/heater 36.
  • the pump 30 ensures sufficient supply pressure to the engine 38.
  • Figure 15 shows the LNG fuel processing system for a ship where the LNG has been heated during bunkering, as described in this invention.
  • the PBU and pump are not necessary components of the processing system any more, and pipeline 32 could be removed.
  • a gas line 39 can be connected between the output of the vaporizer/heater 36 and the top of the tank. Valves are not shown, since this would be obvious to a person skilled in the art.
  • the configuration can be custom made for each ship.
  • the configuration can also easily be standardized.
  • the invention is easy to customize to the individual ship or fleet. Only a few of the possible combinations are described here.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé et un système de chauffage de GNL avant que le GNL ne pénètre dans le réservoir de stockage à bord d'un navire ou d'un autre vaisseau consommant du gaz. L'invention concerne une solution de régulation de pression dans des réservoirs de stockage de GNL ou d'autres fluides cryogéniques, qui maintient une pression stable pendant la consommation de gaz à partir du réservoir de stockage sans l'utilisation d'une unité d'accumulation de pression ou d'une pompe de GNL en aval du réservoir de stockage de GNL pendant l'alimentation en gaz du moteur.
PCT/NO2020/050103 2019-05-09 2020-04-24 Procédé et système de chauffage de gnl avant son entrée dans un réservoir de stockage d'un navire ou d'un autre gaz WO2020226504A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NO20190575 2019-05-09
NO20190575A NO345279B1 (en) 2019-05-09 2019-05-09 LNG tank pressure control by heating during bunkering

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2020226504A1 true WO2020226504A1 (fr) 2020-11-12

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PCT/NO2020/050103 WO2020226504A1 (fr) 2019-05-09 2020-04-24 Procédé et système de chauffage de gnl avant son entrée dans un réservoir de stockage d'un navire ou d'un autre gaz

Country Status (2)

Country Link
NO (1) NO345279B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020226504A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114427656A (zh) * 2022-03-09 2022-05-03 重庆富江能源科技有限公司 一种基于lng趸船加注站的lng加注、bog回收系统

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020157402A1 (en) * 2000-10-13 2002-10-31 Drube Thomas K. Storage pressure and heat management system for bulk transfers of cryogenic liquids
EP1291575A2 (fr) * 2001-08-31 2003-03-12 MESSER GRIESHEIM GmbH Appareil et méthode de ravitaillement en fuel pour véhicules fonctionnant au fuel cryogénique
DE102009028109A1 (de) * 2009-07-30 2011-02-03 Tge Marine Gas Engineering Gmbh Brenngas-System für Handelsschiffe
US20110179810A1 (en) * 2007-11-12 2011-07-28 Sipilae Tuomas Method for operating a lng fuelled marine vessel
KR20120004229A (ko) * 2010-07-06 2012-01-12 삼성중공업 주식회사 액화천연가스의 재기화 장치 및 방법
KR20150013965A (ko) * 2013-07-24 2015-02-06 현대중공업 주식회사 Lng 처리 시스템 및 방법
KR20150080087A (ko) * 2013-12-30 2015-07-09 현대중공업 주식회사 액화가스 처리 시스템
KR20160144907A (ko) * 2015-06-09 2016-12-19 현대중공업 주식회사 가스 처리 시스템을 포함하는 선박

Family Cites Families (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2932147B1 (fr) * 2012-12-14 2017-10-18 Wärtsilä Finland Oy Procédé de remplissage d'un réservoir de carburant avec un gaz liquéfié, et système de carburant gaz liquéfié
US20140190187A1 (en) * 2013-01-07 2014-07-10 Hebeler Corporation Cryogenic Liquid Conditioning and Delivery System
EP3431860A1 (fr) * 2017-07-21 2019-01-23 Cryostar SAS Procédé pour transférer un fluide cryogénique et système de transfert pour mettre en oeuvre un tel procédé

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20020157402A1 (en) * 2000-10-13 2002-10-31 Drube Thomas K. Storage pressure and heat management system for bulk transfers of cryogenic liquids
EP1291575A2 (fr) * 2001-08-31 2003-03-12 MESSER GRIESHEIM GmbH Appareil et méthode de ravitaillement en fuel pour véhicules fonctionnant au fuel cryogénique
US20110179810A1 (en) * 2007-11-12 2011-07-28 Sipilae Tuomas Method for operating a lng fuelled marine vessel
DE102009028109A1 (de) * 2009-07-30 2011-02-03 Tge Marine Gas Engineering Gmbh Brenngas-System für Handelsschiffe
KR20120004229A (ko) * 2010-07-06 2012-01-12 삼성중공업 주식회사 액화천연가스의 재기화 장치 및 방법
KR20150013965A (ko) * 2013-07-24 2015-02-06 현대중공업 주식회사 Lng 처리 시스템 및 방법
KR20150080087A (ko) * 2013-12-30 2015-07-09 현대중공업 주식회사 액화가스 처리 시스템
KR20160144907A (ko) * 2015-06-09 2016-12-19 현대중공업 주식회사 가스 처리 시스템을 포함하는 선박

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114427656A (zh) * 2022-03-09 2022-05-03 重庆富江能源科技有限公司 一种基于lng趸船加注站的lng加注、bog回收系统
CN114427656B (zh) * 2022-03-09 2023-12-08 重庆富江能源科技有限公司 一种基于lng趸船加注站的lng加注、bog回收系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO345279B1 (en) 2020-11-30
NO20190575A1 (fr) 2020-11-10

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