WO2016102638A1 - Procédé et système de conditionnement de gaz naturel liquéfié - Google Patents

Procédé et système de conditionnement de gaz naturel liquéfié Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016102638A1
WO2016102638A1 PCT/EP2015/081104 EP2015081104W WO2016102638A1 WO 2016102638 A1 WO2016102638 A1 WO 2016102638A1 EP 2015081104 W EP2015081104 W EP 2015081104W WO 2016102638 A1 WO2016102638 A1 WO 2016102638A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lng
conduit
pump
tank
pressure
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2015/081104
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Steinar OPPEDAL
Arne MORTENSEN
Ann Rigmor NERHEIM
Jon CHIRKOWSKI
Original Assignee
Rolls-Royce Marine As
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rolls-Royce Marine As filed Critical Rolls-Royce Marine As
Publication of WO2016102638A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016102638A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F04D13/08—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven for submerged use
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
    • F17C7/04—Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F04D13/08—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven for submerged use
    • F04D13/086—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven for submerged use the pump and drive motor are both submerged
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18—Rotors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/32—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/054—Size medium (>1 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/035—High pressure (>10 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
    • F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
    • F17C2225/043—Localisation of the filling point in the gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
    • F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
    • F17C2225/046—Localisation of the filling point in the liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0107—Propulsion of the fluid by pressurising the ullage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0121—Propulsion of the fluid by gravity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0171—Arrangement
    • F17C2227/0178—Arrangement in the vessel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0171—Arrangement
    • F17C2227/0185—Arrangement comprising several pumps or compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/02—Improving properties related to fluid or fluid transfer
    • F17C2260/025—Reducing transfer time
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/061—Fluid distribution for supply of supplying vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/066—Fluid distribution for feeding engines for propulsion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a method and a system for conditioning of LNG in fuel system, such system also supplying natural gas to a consumer for the purpose of heating or power generation.
  • the method and system according to the present invention are particularly suitable for use on board a vessel adapted for storage and transportation of liquefied natural gas (LNG) for the purpose of utilising a part or the total of the LNG to fuel the vessel' s engine(s) and/or other consumers.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • a higher saturation pressure gives a higher boil-off rate and therefore an increased mass of gas for consumption by the engines.
  • this method aims at increasing the temperature in the upper LNG layer, it is also a goal to keep the rest of the LNG at lowest possible temperature to maximise cargo capacity and holding time.
  • Present invention applies mainly to solutions based on pressure tanks (C-tanks), but can easily be adjusted to fit atmospheric tank solutions.
  • a combination of an external LNG pump and a heat exchanger is used to heat the whole content of the LNG tank, while at the same time controlling the pressure in the tank and supplying gas to the engines.
  • the aim of the process is to increase the temperature of the LNG as fast as possible, in a controlled way, while obtaining a homogenous temperature throughout the bulk of the LNG.
  • the heating of the LNG continues until a temperature corresponding to a given saturation pressure is achieved, which is equal to or higher than the minimum pressure required by the gas engine (plus pressure loss due to piping, valves etc.).
  • LNG is withdrawn from one or more LNG storage tanks by gravity-forces and/or a LNG pump and/or the tank pressure.
  • the LNG thereafter flows into at least one vaporizer, where heat is added to the LNG to transfer the natural gas to a gaseous phase.
  • the natural gas thereafter flows to one or more heat exchangers (super heaters) where the gas is heated to the temperature required by the gas engine(s). Because of the withdrawal of LNG for consumption purposes, the pressure in the LNG tank decreases.
  • PBU pressure build-up units
  • the pressure in the LNG tank is the sum of the saturation pressure of the LNG in the tank at the given temperature, and the pressure added by the pressure build-up units (PBUs). If sloshing or other movements of the liquid in the LNG tank occurs, the gas pressure may be reduced down to the saturation pressure of the LNG at the given temperature. At low LNG temperatures, the saturation pressure is lower than the minimum pressure required by the engine. This may lead to power reduction of the engine. To avoid such situations, a LNG pump may be used. A pump secures sufficient supply of gas to the engine(s) independent of low saturation pressure of the LNG in the tank. The capacity of the pump may be higher than that required for supply to the engines, and a return line from the pump to the LNG storage tank is therefore installed.
  • PBUs pressure build-up units
  • the LNG from the pump return line may be sprayed through the gas phase, thus reducing the tank pressure, and/or it can be returned to the bottom of the LNG tank thereby adding heat to the LNG. Heating the LNG increases the saturation pressure of the LNG.
  • the pump can also be used to feed the PBUs and to increase the pressure in the LNG tank and/or increase the temperature of the LNG in the tank.
  • valves and regulators The pressure and heat and mass flow in the system is controlled and regulated by various sensors, valves and regulators.
  • the type and number of valves and regulators and sensors may vary from project to project, depending on the number of tanks, PBUs, pumps etc., as easily worked out by someone skilled in process system design.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a system and method for conditioning of LNG in fuel systems, such a system also supplying natural gas to a consumer which minimize and/or alleviate one or more of the disadvantages of prior art, or to provide a useful alternative.
  • the present invention relates to a system for conditioning of LNG in fuel systems, such system also supplying natural gas to one or more consumers, where the system comprises at least one LNG tank, a pump and a pressure build-up unit, where the pump is arranged to be in fluid communication with the at least one LNG tank through an outlet conduit, a pump inlet conduit and at least one pump return conduit, while the pressure build-up unit is arranged to be in fluid communication with the LNG tank through at least one inlet conduit, an outlet conduit, and/or a gravity feed conduit and a conduit.
  • the pump and the pressure build-up unit are also in fluid communication with each other, through a pump outlet conduit and a pressure build-up conduit.
  • the pump may be arranged as a free-standing unit externally the at least one LNG tank or may be installed in the LNG tank.
  • the system for supplying natural gas may further comprise a vaporizer and/or a super heater (heat exchanger).
  • the vaporizer may be in fluid communication with the at least one LNG tank through an outlet conduit and vaporizer inlet conduit.
  • the vaporizer may further be in fluid
  • the vaporizer may also be in fluid communication with the LNG tank through a gravity feed conduit.
  • the super heater may be in fluid communication with the vaporizer through a conduit.
  • the inlet conduit of the LNG tank may be divided into two sub-conduits, a first sub- conduit may be arranged in such a way that the vapour is delivered to a top of the at least one LNG tank, and a second sub-conduit may be arranged to extend to the bottom of the LNG tank.
  • the pump return conduit may be divided into two sub-conduits, a first sub-conduit may be arranged in such a way that the fluid is delivered to a top of the at least one LNG tank, and a second sub-conduit may be arranged to extend to the bottom of the LNG tank.
  • one or more of the pressure build-up unit, vaporizer and super heater (heat exchangers), may be combined in a common unit.
  • the system may comprise one or more additional pumps and/or pressure build-up units.
  • the system may also comprise one or more additional vaporizer(s) and/or super heater(s) (heat exchangers).
  • additional vaporizer(s) and/or super heater(s) heat exchangers.
  • the inlet conduit of the LNG tank and the pump return conduit may in one embodiment be connected in a common conduit.
  • a method for conditioning of LNG in fuel systems comprises the following steps: storing LNG in at least one LNG tank, transferring an amount of LNG from the at least one LNG tank to a pump when a pressure in the at least one LNG tank fall below a certain pressure, using the pump to rise the pressure of the LNG, transferring wholly or in part the raised pressure LNG to a pressure build-up unit to heat and evaporate the LNG to the at least one LNG tank.
  • the method may further comprise the steps of returning the vapour to a top of the LNG tank, thereby regulating the pressure of the LNG in the at least one LNG tank, and/or returning the vapour to a bottom of the LNG tank, thereby heating up the LNG in the at least one LNG tank.
  • the method may further comprise the step of transferring wholly or in part the raised pressure LNG to a vaporizer.
  • the method may further comprise the step of transferring wholly or in part the vaporized LNG to a super heater (heat exchanger).
  • a super heater heat exchanger
  • the pressure in the tank will be reduced.
  • some LNG is withdrawn from the tank, heated and evaporated in the pressure build-up unit (PBU), before the vapour is returned to the top of the tank.
  • PBU pressure build-up unit
  • the pressure in the tank is the sum of the LNG saturation pressure at the given temperature and the gas flow to the tank top from the PBU.
  • the operating pressure in the tank is defined by the required inlet pressure to the at least one consumer and pressure losses in the heat exchangers, piping, valves etc.
  • the saturation pressure in the tank may be lower than the pressure required by the at least one consumer. If the tank contents in such situations are subject to sloshing, a major part of the added pressure created by vapour from the PBU may be condensed rapidly, resulting in a rapid pressure drop down to the saturation pressure. If the saturation pressure is lower than the required tank operating pressure, this will impact the consumer(s) condition. If sloshing continues, the PBU will not be able to mitigate the pressure loss fast enough to maintain the required gas pressure to the consumer.
  • supply to the consumer(s) can be secured by using a pump to force LNG to the vaporizer (VAP), thereby maintaining the necessary gas supply and gas pressure to the consumer(s).
  • the pump can be used to force LNG to the pressure build-up unit (PBU) to produce vapour and increase the tank pressure.
  • the PBU can be used to heat the LNG in the LNG tank to a temperature corresponding to a minimum desired saturation pressure.
  • the present invention is in particular relevant for marine fuel gas systems, but is also applicable in other systems, both on land and sea. The invention represents a compact, flexible and robust solution for gas pressure and gas supply control in marine LNG fuel systems.
  • Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of a system for conditioning of LNG in fuel systems, the system also supplying natural gas to at least one consumer according to the present invention
  • Figure 2 illustrates another embodiment of a system for conditioning of LNG in fuel systems, the system also supplying natural gas to at least one consumer according to the present invention
  • Figure 3 illustrates how two systems according to figure 1 can be assembled to form a common system.
  • Figure 1 depicts schematically how a system 1 according to the present invention can be utilized with a fuel system for a vessel.
  • the system 1 for conditioning of LNG in the fuel system, the system also supplying natural gas to at least one consumer on board the marine vessel is shown with only one LNG tank 2 for clarity reasons, but it should be understood that the system may comprise more than one LNG tank 2.
  • the LNG tank 2 is connected to a pump 1 1 through a tank outlet conduit 4 and a pump inlet conduit 6.
  • the LNG tank 2 and the pump 11 may also be in fluid communication through an alternative or additional conduit 17.
  • a pump return conduit 5 is also connected between the LNG tank 2 and the pump 11 , whereby pressurized LNG can be returned to the LNG tank 2.
  • the pump return conduit 5 is divided into two sub-conduits 5a, 5b, where the first sub- conduit 5a is arranged to be on a top of or in an upper area of the LNG tank 2, while the second sub-conduit 5b is arranged to extend towards the bottom of the LNG tank 2.
  • the pressure build-up unit (PBU) 12 is connected to the LNG tank 2 through the outlet conduit 4 and gravity feed conduit 9, but LNG may also be transferred to the PBU 12 through an alternative or additional gravity feed conduit 16.
  • the outlet of conduit 16 may be connected to gravity feed conduit 9, or directly to the division point between conduits 7, 8, 9 and 10.
  • an inlet conduit 3 is arranged between the LNG tank 2 and the pressure build-up unit 12.
  • the inlet conduit 3 is divided into two sub-conduits 3a, 3b where the first sub-conduit 3a is arranged to be on a top of or in an upper area of the LNG tank 2, while the second sub-conduit 3b is arranged to extend towards the bottom of the LNG tank 2.
  • the pump 11 and the pressure build-up unit 12 are in fluid communication with each other through a pump outlet conduit 7 and a pressure build up conduit 10.
  • the pump 11 is furthermore connected to a vaporizer (VAP) 13 and a super heater (SH) 14 (heat exchanger) through the pump outlet conduit 7, a vaporizer inlet conduit 8, the vaporizer (VAP) 13 and super heater (SH) 14 being in fluid communication with each other through a conduit 18.
  • the super heater (SH) 14 will then supply the natural gas to at least one end-user or consumer 15, through a conduit 19, this at least one end-user or consumer 15 for instance being one or more gas engines.
  • liquefied natural gas is withdrawn from the LNG tank 2 through the gravity feed conduit 16, or conduits 4, 9 and 16, by means of gravity forces, or through the conduits 4, 6, 7 and the pump 11 , and directed to the vaporizer 13, whereafter heat, through the vaporizer 13, is added to the LNG in order to transfer the natural gas to a gaseous phase. Thereafter the gas is fed to the super heater 14 (heat exchanger), where the gas is heated to a temperature required by the one or more gas engines.
  • the super heater 14 heat exchanger
  • some LNG is withdrawn from the LNG tank 2 and is fed to the pressure build-up unit 12 in order to vaporize and heat up the LNG. This can either be done by using the gravity feed conduit 16, or conduits 4, 9 and 16, or by using the pump 1 1 to feed the LNG to the pressure build-up unit 12.
  • the vaporized and heated LNG will thereafter by returned to the top of the LNG tank 2 through the inlet conduit 3 and sub-conduit 3a, in order to increase the pressure in the LNG tank 2.
  • the vaporized and heated LNG may be returned to the bottom of the LNG tank 2, through the inlet conduit 3 and sub-conduit 3b, thereby adding heat to the LNG.
  • the pump 11 In order to avoid a situation where the gas pressure in the LNG tank 2 is reduced below the minimum consumer supply pressure, for instance during sloshing or other movements of the liquid in the LNG tank 2, the pump 11 is used.
  • the pump 11 will then secure sufficient supply of gas to the one or more engines independently of low saturation pressure of the LNG in the LNG tank 2.
  • the LNG will then be withdrawn from the LNG tank 2 through the outlet conduit 4 and the pump inlet conduit 6 and fed into the pump 11 , whereafter the LNG is fed to the vaporizer and/or the pressure build-up unit (PBU) and back into the LNG tank 2 through the pump return conduit 5 and sub-conduit 5a, in order to supply gas to the consumer and/or increase the pressure in the LNG tank 2.
  • PBU pressure build-up unit
  • FIG. 2 depicts another embodiment of the system according to the present invention which can be utilized with a fuel system for a vessel:
  • the LNG tank 2 is connected to a pressure build-up unit 12 through a gravity feed conduit 16 and an inlet conduit 3.
  • the inlet conduit 3 is divided into two sub-conduits 3a, 3b, where the sub-conduit 3a is arranged to be on a top of or in an upper area of the LNG tank 2, while the second sub-conduit 3b is arranged to extend towards the bottom of the LNG tank 2.
  • a pump 11 is submerged in and arranged near the bottom of the LNG tank 2 and is connected to a vaporizer (VAP) 13 through an outlet conduit 20, a pump outlet conduit 7 and a vaporizer inlet conduit 8.
  • the pump 11 is also connected to the LNG tank 2 through a pump return conduit 5, such that LNG can be fed back to the LNG tank 2.
  • the pump return conduit 5 is furthermore divided into two sub-conduits 5a, 5b, the sub-conduit 5a being arranged to be on the top of or in the upper area of the LNG tank 2, and the other sub- conduit 5b being arranged to extend towards the bottom of the LNG tank 2, such as to be able to return back LNG either to top of the LNG tank 2, to bottom of the LNG tank 2 or both to top and bottom of the LNG tank 2.
  • the pump 11 and the pressure build-up unit 12 are also in fluid communication with each other through the outlet conduit 20, the pump outlet conduit 7 and a pressure build-up conduit 10.
  • a conduit 18 will set the vaporizer (VAP) 13 and a super heater (SH) (heat exchanger) in fluid communication with each other, whereby a gas can be supplied, from the super heater 14 (heat exchanger) to an end-user or consumer 15 through a conduit 19.
  • VAP vaporizer
  • SH super heater
  • liquefied natural gas is withdrawn from the LNG tank 2 through conduit 20, or through the gravity feed conduit 16 by means of gravity forces and directed to the vaporizer 13, whereafter heat is added to the LNG in order to transfer the natural gas to a gaseous phase. Thereafter the gas is fed to the super heater 14 (heat exchanger), where the gas is heated to a temperature required by the one or more gas engines.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • the pressure in the LNG tank 2 will decrease.
  • some LNG is withdrawn from the LNG tank 2 and is fed to the pressure build-up unit 12 in order to vaporize and heat up the LNG. This can either be done by using the gravity feed conduit 16 or by using the pump 11 to feed the LNG to the pressure build-up unit 12.
  • the LNG will be fed through the outlet conduit 20, the pump outlet conduit 7 and the pressure build-up conduit 10.
  • the vaporized and heated LNG will thereafter by returned to the top of the LNG tank 2 through the inlet conduit 3 and sub-conduit 3a, in order to increase the pressure in the LNG tank 2.
  • the vaporized and heated LNG may be returned to the bottom of the LNG tank 2, through the inlet conduit 3 and sub-conduit 3b, thereby adding heat to the LNG.
  • the LNG may be returned to both the top and the bottom of the LNG tank 2, where both sub-conduits 3a, 3b are used.
  • the pump 11 In order to avoid a situation where the gas pressure in the LNG tank 2 is reduced below the minimum consumer supply pressure, for instance during sloshing or other movements of the liquid in the LNG tank 2, the pump 11 is used.
  • the pump 11 will then secure sufficient supply of gas to the one or more engines independently of low saturation pressure of the LNG in the LNG tank 2.
  • the LNG will then be withdrawn from the LNG tank 2 through the outlet conduit 4 and the pump inlet conduit 6 and fed into the pump 11 , whereafter the LNG is fed to the vaporizer (VAP) and/or pressure build-up unit (PBU) and back into the LNG tank 2 through the pump return conduit 5 and sub-conduit 5a, in order to supply gas to the consumer and/or increase the pressure in the LNG tank 2.
  • VAP vaporizer
  • PBU pressure build-up unit
  • the LNG may be returned to the bottom of the LNG tank 2, through the pump return conduit 5 and sub-conduit 5b, thereby adding heat to the LNG.
  • the pump 11 is shut down, and the gas supply is maintained by gravity feed mode only.
  • Figure 3 shows how two systems as described according to figure 1 can be connected to form a common system.
  • Each of the systems may then function independently of each other, i.e. to supply their own end-user or consumer 15 with gas, or to cooperate with each other or to be a back-up system for each other, thereby also providing a redundancy in the common system.
  • the common system comprises a first system 1A and a second system IB, where the first and second systems 1A, IB are described according to figure 1.
  • a common system may also be a combination of systems according to figure 2, or a combination of systems according to both figure 1 and 2.
  • the gravity feed conduits 16 of the first and second system 1A, IB are connected through a connecting conduit 16 A. Furthermore, the division point between the conduits 7, 8, 9 and 10 in the first and second system 1A, IB are also connected through another connecting conduit 20A.
  • a conduit 18A is connected to the conduit lines 18 of the first and second system 1A, IB, whereby LNG from the second system IB, after being transferred to gas in the vaporizer 13, can be fed to the conduit 18 in the first system 1A.
  • gas heated in the super heater 14 (heat exchanger) in the second system IB can be fed from a conduit 19 in the second system IB, to a conduit 19 in the first system 1A, thereby feeding heated gas to an end-user or consumer 15.
  • the connecting conduit 20A may also be connected to either the conduit 18A or conduit 19, in order to be able to feed the gas either after the vaporizer 13 or the super heater 14 (heat exchanger).
  • the common system is run in the same way as described for the system according to figure 1 and/or figure 2, i.e. both the first and second system 1A, IB when they are run independently of each other.
  • the first and second system 1A, IB may also cooperate with other, whereby gas from the second system IB can be transferred to the first system 1A through one or more of the connecting conduit 16 A, connecting conduit 20A, conduit 18A and/or conduit 19, depending on where the gas should be transferred to in the first system 1A.
  • the common system may comprise one or several of the described connection pipes, and in other combinations depending on the customer requirements.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de conditionnement de gaz naturel liquéfié (GNL) dans un système de carburant, le système fournissant également du gaz naturel à au moins un consommateur, le système comprenant au moins un réservoir de GNL, une pompe et une unité d'accumulation de pression. La pompe est en communication fluidique avec ledit au moins un réservoir de GNL par le biais d'un conduit de sortie, d'un conduit d'entrée de pompe et d'au moins un conduit de retour de pompe, alors que l'unité d'accumulation de pression est en communication fluidique avec ledit au moins un réservoir de GNL par le biais d'au moins un conduit d'entrée, le conduit de sortie, un conduit d'alimentation par gravité et un conduit. De plus, la pompe et l'unité d'accumulation de pression sont en communication fluidique par le biais d'un conduit de sortie de pompe et d'un conduit d'accumulation de pression. La présente invention concerne également un procédé de conditionnement de GNL dans un système de carburant, le procédé alimentant également du gaz naturel, le procédé comprenant le transfert d'une quantité de GNL dudit au moins un réservoir de GNL vers une pompe lorsqu'une pression dans ledit au moins un réservoir de GNL descend en dessous d'une certaine pression, en utilisant la pompe pour élever la pression du GNL, en transférant entièrement ou en partie le GNL à pression relevée vers une unité d'accumulation de pression pour chauffer le GNL et transférer le fluide vers ledit au moins un réservoir de GNL.
PCT/EP2015/081104 2014-12-23 2015-12-23 Procédé et système de conditionnement de gaz naturel liquéfié WO2016102638A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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NO20141560A NO338906B1 (no) 2014-12-23 2014-12-23 System og fremgangsmåte for kondisjonering av LNG i drivstoffsystem
NO20141560 2014-12-23

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WO2016102638A1 true WO2016102638A1 (fr) 2016-06-30

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US8028724B2 (en) * 2007-02-12 2011-10-04 Daewoo Shipbuilding & Marine Engineering Co., Ltd. LNG tank and unloading of LNG from the tank
NO335213B1 (no) * 2011-09-02 2014-10-20 Wärtsilä Oil & Gas Systems As System og fremgangsmåte for å øke trykket i avkokingsgass i et LNG-drivstoffsystem
KR101386543B1 (ko) * 2012-10-24 2014-04-18 대우조선해양 주식회사 선박의 증발가스 처리 시스템
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US5682750A (en) * 1996-03-29 1997-11-04 Mve Inc. Self-contained liquid natural gas filling station
US20090217676A1 (en) * 2006-04-13 2009-09-03 Fluor Technologies Corporation LNG Vapor Handling Configurations And Methods

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20180112629A1 (en) * 2016-10-24 2018-04-26 Electro-Motive Diesel, Inc. Machine system having submersible pumping system, and method
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NO338906B1 (no) 2016-10-31

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