WO2020224223A1 - Tige d'ancrage destinée à supporter une roche environnante et à surveiller l'instabilité, et son procédé de montage - Google Patents

Tige d'ancrage destinée à supporter une roche environnante et à surveiller l'instabilité, et son procédé de montage Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020224223A1
WO2020224223A1 PCT/CN2019/118313 CN2019118313W WO2020224223A1 WO 2020224223 A1 WO2020224223 A1 WO 2020224223A1 CN 2019118313 W CN2019118313 W CN 2019118313W WO 2020224223 A1 WO2020224223 A1 WO 2020224223A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
surrounding rock
anchor rod
screw
elastic
rod body
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/118313
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张炜
吴瀚
刘伟
唐佳佳
王天一
段旭
许�鹏
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中国矿业大学
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Publication date
Application filed by 中国矿业大学 filed Critical 中国矿业大学
Priority to AU2019374160A priority Critical patent/AU2019374160B2/en
Publication of WO2020224223A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020224223A1/fr

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
    • E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
    • E21D20/025—Grouting with organic components, e.g. resin
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
    • E21D21/0093—Accessories
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
    • E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
    • E21F17/185—Rock-pressure control devices with or without alarm devices; Alarm devices in case of roof subsidence

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of coal mine safety production, in particular to an anchor rod suitable for surrounding rock support and instability monitoring when the surrounding rock of a roadway is deformed in motion and an installation method thereof.
  • Bolt support is currently one of the main methods of roadway surrounding rock support, and it plays an important role in maintaining the stability of the roadway surrounding rock.
  • the anchor rod transforms the surrounding rock from a load body into a bearing body.
  • the whole anchor rod is divided into a free section and an anchor section.
  • the free section transmits the tensile force at the end of the anchor rod to the anchor solid area.
  • the anchorage section refers to the area where the cement paste bonds the prestressed tendons and the soil layer, increases the bonding friction between the anchor solid and the rock layer, improves the pressure bearing effect of the anchor solid, and transmits the tensile force of the free section to Deep in the rock.
  • the application of bolts greatly reduces the deformation and damage of the surrounding rock of the roadway, and the roadway support and safety conditions have undergone a fundamental change.
  • the Chinese Patent Publication No. CN108426517A discloses a radial displacement measuring device for surrounding rock.
  • the device includes a hollow anchor rod, a hollow inner rod, an anchor head, a displacement sensor, a data acquisition instrument and an external base; the device When in use, the anchor head is fixedly connected to one end of the hollow inner rod and is located outside the hollow anchor rod.
  • the shaft of the hollow inner rod is embedded in the through hole and can slide axially relative to the hollow anchor rod.
  • the displacement sensor is connected to the anchor rod.
  • the head is connected to monitor the axial displacement of the anchoring head, and the data acquisition instrument is connected with the displacement sensor to obtain the data of the axial displacement.
  • the device uses displacement sensors and data acquisition devices involving circuit instruments, which have complex structure, high cost, unstable quality and easy interference, which makes the use of such devices have certain limitations.
  • the present invention discloses an anchor rod for surrounding rock support and instability monitoring.
  • the anchor rod includes an anchor rod body, the anchor rod body is a double-layer structure, including an outer layer rod body and arranged at
  • the surrounding rock instability monitoring device in the outer rod body includes a displacement sliding rod and a pressure sensing power device.
  • the invention can support and monitor the movement of surrounding rock in real time in the extreme environment of surrounding rock, thereby realizing the integration of surrounding rock support and motion monitoring, effectively ensuring the stability of surrounding rock and ensuring the normal progress of monitoring work; at the same time,
  • the invention uses hydraulic elastic force as the driving force, and the device for recording the deformation movement of the surrounding rock is a displacement slide bar.
  • the staff can monitor the deformation movement of the surrounding rock in real time according to the scale display on the displacement slide bar.
  • the structure is simple, and there is no complicated circuit.
  • the line interruption caused by the deformation of the surrounding rock and the abnormal operation of the monitoring device reduces the production cost and has a wide range of applications.
  • an anchor rod for surrounding rock support and instability monitoring which includes an anchor rod body and a support plate fixedly connected to one end of the anchor rod body.
  • the anchor rod body has a double-layer structure and includes An outer rod body and a surrounding rock instability monitoring device arranged in the outer rod body, the surrounding rock instability monitoring device including a displacement slide bar slidably arranged in the outer rod body and a displacement slide rod arranged between the displacement slide rod and the outer rod body , A pressure sensing power device used to sense the deformation pressure of the surrounding rock to push the displacement slider to produce displacement.
  • the pressure sensing power device includes an elastic sensitive element for sensing the pressure of the surrounding rock, a microcontroller electrically connected to the elastic sensitive element, a hydraulic chamber for storing hydraulic oil, and an end connected to the displacement slide bar away from the pallet
  • the elastic bladder and the hydraulic tube connecting the hydraulic chamber and the elastic bladder; the elastic sensitive element is arranged on the inner wall of one end of the outer rod body away from the support plate.
  • the microcontroller controls the hydraulic chamber to inject hydraulic oil into the elastic bladder through the hydraulic tube, and transmits the surrounding rock pressure information to the inner layer to provide effective driving force for the displacement slider.
  • pressure holes are uniformly distributed on the surface of the outer rod body; when the surrounding rock deforms and moves, pressure is applied to the anchor rod, and the pressure holes act on the elastic sensitive element under pressure.
  • the surrounding rock instability monitoring device further includes a limiting device for limiting the position of the displacement slide bar, and the limiting device includes a bolt assembly threadedly connected with the outer rod body near the end of the pallet and uniformly distributed on the displacement slide. Multiple sets of elastic damping devices on the outer surface of the rod.
  • the bolt assembly includes a screw and a nut.
  • the outer surface of the screw is formed with an external thread
  • the inner wall of one end of the outer rod near the support plate is formed with an internal thread that matches the external thread of the screw.
  • the central hole of the pallet is threadedly connected with the outer rod;
  • the screw has a hollow structure, and an elastic adjustment block is arranged on its side wall; the end of the displacement sliding rod that extends out of the outer rod passes through the central hole of the screw and is exposed to the rock mass
  • the outer surface of the one end of the displacement sliding rod protruding from the outer layer rod body is provided with a first groove matching the position and size of the elastic adjustment block, and the rotating screw is buckled or misaligned with the first groove through the elastic adjustment block.
  • the locking or unlocking of the displacement sliding rod is realized; the inner wall of the nut is formed with an internal thread that matches the external thread of the screw, and the nut is screwed on the screw to tightly press the support plate.
  • the elastic adjusting block penetrates through the side wall of the screw rod, and both ends respectively contact the displacement sliding rod and the supporting plate, and the inner wall of the central hole of the supporting plate is provided with a second groove matching the position and size of the elastic adjusting block, which rotates After the screw rod is unlocked, the elastic adjusting block is buckled with the second groove to lock the screw rod.
  • the elastic damping device includes an elastic buckle in a figure eight shape and a circular buckle fixedly installed on the outer surface of the displacement sliding rod corresponding to the elastic buckle, and the elastic buckle is hinged with the inner wall of the outer rod.
  • the surrounding rock instability monitoring device further includes a sliding bearing sleeved and installed on the outer surface of the displacement sliding rod.
  • the invention additionally discloses an installation method for surrounding rock support and instability monitoring bolts, which includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 Prefabricate the anchor rod body, rotate the screw until the elastic adjusting block is buckled with the first groove, and lock the displacement sliding rod;
  • Step 2 According to the nature of the surrounding rock of the roadway, the length of the loose zone and the design requirements of the roadway support, determine the area of the surrounding rock for bolt support monitoring and early warning, and drill a certain number of bolt holes;
  • Step 3 Fill the bolt hole with an anchoring agent
  • Step 4 Screw in the anchor rod body, mash the anchoring agent tube, the anchor rod body in the anchor hole is evenly stirred, the anchor rod body stops rotating, the anchoring agent solidifies, the anchor rod body is fixed in the anchor rod hole, the anchor rod and The rock formation becomes a whole;
  • Step 5 Fix the end of the bolt exposed to the surrounding rock through the hole blocking structure, and install the bolt support plate;
  • Step 6 Rotate the screw to make the elastic adjustment block misaligned with the first groove, and unlock the displacement slider;
  • Step 7 Continue to rotate the screw to make the elastic adjustment block and the second groove snap to lock the screw;
  • Step 8 Screw the nut on the screw and press the anchor support plate to the rock wall. The installation of the anchor rod is finished;
  • Step 9 After the bolt is installed, wait for the surrounding rock to move, and automatically record the displacement information in real time.
  • the anchoring agent is a sausage-type resin anchoring agent.
  • the advantages of the anchor rod for surrounding rock support and instability monitoring disclosed in the present invention are:
  • the present invention can support and monitor the movement of surrounding rock in real time in the extreme environment of surrounding rock, thereby realizing the integration of surrounding rock support and motion monitoring, effectively ensuring the stability of surrounding rock and ensuring the normal progress of monitoring work .
  • the device for recording the deformation movement of surrounding rock in the present invention is a displacement slide bar.
  • the displacement slide bar can generate real-time displacement during the deformation movement of the surrounding rock.
  • the staff can monitor the deformation of the surrounding rock in real time according to the scale display on the displacement slide bar. movement.
  • the present invention records the deformation movement of surrounding rock by recording the displacement generated by the displacement slide bar, without complicated circuits, and avoids the phenomenon that the line is interrupted and the monitoring device cannot work normally caused by the deformation of the surrounding rock.
  • the present invention uses hydraulic elastic force as the driving force, records the deformation and movement of the surrounding rock through a displacement slide bar, avoids the use of precision monitoring instruments, has a simple and stable structure, reduces production costs, and has a wide application range.
  • Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the anchor rod used for surrounding rock support and instability monitoring disclosed by the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged view of I in Figure 1.
  • Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of II in Fig. 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the installation of the anchor rod used for surrounding rock support and instability monitoring disclosed by the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the action of the anchor rod used for surrounding rock support and instability monitoring disclosed in the present invention.
  • Figures 1 to 5 show a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the structure is analyzed in detail from different angles.
  • An anchor rod used for surrounding rock support and instability monitoring includes a chemical agent resin anchor rod body and a support plate 1 fixedly connected to one end of the anchor rod body.
  • the anchor rod body is a double-layer structure, including an outer rod body 2 with circular pressure holes 21 uniformly distributed on the outer surface and a surrounding rock instability monitoring device arranged in the outer rod body 2, so as to realize the surrounding rock support and movement of the bolt
  • the integrated monitoring function effectively ensures the stability of the surrounding rock and guarantees the normal progress of monitoring work.
  • the surface material of the anchor rod has moderate rigidity.
  • the outer rod body 2 is evenly provided with circular pressure holes 21, which have slight elastic elongation and contraction.
  • the setting of the pressure holes 21 enables the anchor rod to better sense the deformation and movement of the surrounding rock. The pressure is transmitted to the surrounding rock instability monitoring device.
  • the surrounding rock instability monitoring device includes a displacement slide bar 3 slidably arranged in the outer layer rod body 2 and a displacement slide bar 3 arranged between the displacement slide bar 3 and the outer layer rod body 2 for sensing the deformation pressure of the surrounding rock to push the displacement slide bar 3 to produce displacement Pressure sensing power unit 4.
  • the displacement slider 3 is a cylindrical aluminum alloy with a scientific displacement scale engraved on it, which is used to record and display the displacement value when the surrounding rock is deformed from the layer, so as to provide early warning of the instability of the surrounding rock.
  • the setting of the displacement slide bar 3 makes the monitoring of the surrounding rock deformation movement more real-time.
  • the staff can record the deformation movement of the surrounding rock in real time according to the scale display on the displacement slide bar 3. At the same time, it avoids the use of precision monitoring instruments and complex circuits, thereby avoiding the line interruption caused by the deformation of the surrounding rock and the phenomenon that the monitoring device cannot work normally, the structure is simple and stable, the production cost is reduced, and the application range is wide.
  • the pressure sensing power device 4 includes an elastic sensitive element for sensing the pressure of the surrounding rock, a microcontroller electrically connected to the elastic sensitive element, a hydraulic chamber 42 for storing hydraulic oil, and an end fixedly connected to the displacement slider 3 away from the pallet 1.
  • the bolt is subjected to the deformation movement pressure of the surrounding rock and acts on the In the case of an elastic sensitive element, the elastic sensitive element senses pressure to generate stress and strain, and transmits the pressure information to the microcontroller.
  • the microcontroller is electrically connected to the hydraulic chamber 42.
  • the hydraulic chamber 42 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the outer rod 2 away from the support plate 1.
  • the microcontroller controls the hydraulic chamber 42 via the hydraulic pipe Inject hydraulic oil into the elastic bladder 41 connected with the pipeline of the hydraulic chamber 42.
  • the elastic bladder 41 stretches under the action of the hydraulic oil to provide an effective driving force for the displacement slider 3 and push the displacement slider 3 to move out of the rock formation to record the surrounding area.
  • Rock movement information is Specifically, the elastic bladder 41 is a multi-section compressible vacuum rubber plastic piston, and its fixed connection with the displacement sliding rod 3 is not limited here.
  • the pressure sensing power device 4 is set up to use hydraulic elastic force to provide effective driving force for the displacement slider 3, avoid the use of precision monitoring instruments, have a simple and stable structure, reduce production costs, and have a wide range of applications.
  • the surrounding rock instability monitoring device also includes a limit device for limiting the position of the displacement slide bar 3.
  • the limit device includes a bolt assembly threadedly connected to the outer rod body 2 near the end of the pallet 1, and evenly distributed on the displacement slide bar.
  • the bolt assembly includes a screw 5 and a nut 6.
  • the outer surface of the screw 5 is formed with external threads, and the inner wall of the outer rod body 2 near the end of the support plate 1 is formed with internal threads that match the external threads of the screw 5, and the screw 5 passes through
  • the center hole of the pallet is threadedly connected with the outer rod body 2.
  • the screw 5 is a hollow structure with an elastic adjusting block provided on its side wall.
  • One end of the displacement sliding rod 3 extending out of the outer rod body 2 passes through the central hole of the screw and is exposed on the rock surface.
  • the outer surface is provided with the position and the elastic adjusting block.
  • the first groove with matching size, the rotating screw 5, locks or unlocks the displacement slide bar 3 through the snapping or misalignment of the elastic adjusting block and the first groove.
  • the anchor rod body is prefabricated, and the screw rod 5 is rotated to make it threadedly connected with the outer rod body until the elastic adjusting block on the screw rod 5 is locked with the first groove on the displacement sliding rod 3 to lock the displacement sliding
  • the rod 3 prevents the free sliding of the displacement sliding rod 3 under the action of inertia.
  • the inner wall of the nut 6 is formed with an internal thread that matches the external thread of the screw 5.
  • the nut 6 is screwed on the screw 5, and a pre-tightening force is applied to the anchor rod body through the supporting plate 1 to indirectly stabilize the position of the anchor rod.
  • the elastic adjustment block penetrates the side wall of the screw 5, and both ends respectively contact the displacement slide bar 3 and the support plate 1.
  • the inner wall of the center hole of the support plate is provided with a second groove that matches the position and size of the elastic adjustment block. 5. After unlocking the displacement slide bar 3, the elastic adjusting block is buckled with the second groove to lock the screw 5 and prevent the screw 5 from rotating freely.
  • the elastic damping device 7 includes an elastic buckle 72 in a figure eight shape and a circular buckle 71 fixedly installed on the outer surface of the displacement slide bar 3 corresponding to the elastic buckle 72.
  • the elastic damping device 7 is two groups arranged on the outer surface of the displacement slide bar 3 at equal intervals, wherein one end of the elastic buckle 72 is hinged with the inner wall of the outer rod body 2 and has elastic force and can only move along the displacement slide bar 3. The movement direction is opened in one direction.
  • the circular fastener 71 is fixedly installed on the displacement slide bar 3 and cooperates with the elastic buckle 72 to prevent the displacement slide bar 3 from sliding freely when the surrounding rock does not deform. It is the outer rod body 2 An auxiliary device for the bolt assembly at the end.
  • the circular fastener 71 passes through the elastic buckle 72, and the elastic buckle 72 opens in a figure eight shape. After the circular fastener 71 passes, the elastic buckle 72 is The horoscope is closed, thereby preventing the reverse movement of the displacement slider 3.
  • the surrounding rock instability monitoring device also includes a sliding bearing 8 sleeved and installed on the outer surface of the displacement sliding rod 3, and the sliding bearing 8 is arranged at the end of the displacement sliding rod 3 close to the pallet 1, reducing friction loss and displacement sliding.
  • the surface of the rod 3 is abraded, which ensures the precise movement of the displacement sliding rod 3.
  • the invention additionally discloses a method for installing an anchor rod for surrounding rock support and instability monitoring, including the following steps:
  • Step 1 Prefabricate the anchor rod body, rotate the screw 5 until the elastic adjusting block is buckled with the first groove, and lock the displacement sliding rod 3.
  • Step 2 According to the nature of the surrounding rock of the roadway, the length of the loose zone and the design requirements of the roadway support, determine the area of the surrounding rock for bolt support monitoring and early warning, and drill a certain number of bolt holes.
  • Step 3 Fill the bolt hole with sausage-type resin anchoring agent.
  • Step 4 Screw in the anchor rod body, mash the anchoring agent tube, the anchoring agent in the anchor hole is uniformly stirred, resin, curing agent and quartz particles are mixed together to fill the gap between the anchor rod and the hole wall, and then anchor The rod body stops rotating, the anchoring agent is solidified, and the anchor rod body is fixed in the bolt hole, so that the anchor rod and the rock formation become a whole, and the anchoring effect of the anchor rod is improved.
  • Step 5 Fix the end of the bolt exposed to the surrounding rock through the hole blocking structure, and install the bolt support plate 1.
  • Step 6 Rotate the screw 5 so that the elastic adjustment block is misaligned with the first groove, and unlock the displacement slider 3.
  • Step 7 Continue to rotate the screw 5 to lock the screw 5 by the elastic adjustment block and the second groove.
  • Step 8 Screw the nut 6 on the screw 5, press the anchor rod support plate 1 to the rock wall, and the anchor rod installation is complete.
  • Step 9 After the bolt is installed, wait for the surrounding rock to move. Once the inside of the rock cracks, the pressure hole 21 is squeezed, and the pressure sensing power device 4 between the inner and outer layers of the bolt will act on the rock movement. Inject hydraulic oil into the elastic capsule 41 through the hydraulic chamber 42. The elastic capsule 41 is pressurized to push the displacement slider 3 to slide out. The displacement slider 3 is marked with a scale, which can automatically record displacement information in real time. The scale that rod 3 slides out can infer the instability of surrounding rock.
  • the anchor rod used for surrounding rock support and instability monitoring disclosed in the present invention can play a role in supporting and monitoring surrounding rock movement in real-time in extreme surrounding rock environments, and can realize stratified rock movement.
  • Monitoring overcomes the shortcomings of separation of support and monitoring, effectively guarantees the stability of the surrounding rock, and guarantees the normal progress of monitoring.
  • the present invention uses hydraulic elastic force as the driving force to make up for the instability and high cost disadvantages of the current rock formation monitoring device with electrical resistance strain gauges and other circuits.
  • the structure is simple, the cost is reduced, and the application range is wide.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une tige d'ancrage destinée à supporter une roche environnante et à surveiller l'instabilité, se rapportant au domaine technique de la sécurité de production de mine de charbon. La tige d'ancrage comprend un corps de tige d'ancrage et une plaque support (1). Le corps de tige d'ancrage possède une structure à deux couches. La structure à deux couches comprend un corps de tige extérieur (2) et un appareil de surveillance d'instabilité de roche environnante disposé dans le corps de tige extérieur (2). L'appareil de surveillance d'instabilité de roche environnante comprend une barre coulissante de déplacement (3) disposée de manière coulissante dans le corps de tige extérieur et un appareil mécanisé de détection de pression (4) disposé entre la barre coulissante de déplacement (3) et le corps de tige extérieur et utilisé pour détecter la pression de déformation de la roche environnante et pour entraîner la barre coulissante de déplacement à se déplacer. L'invention concerne également un procédé de montage de la tige d'ancrage destinée à supporter une roche environnante et à surveiller l'instabilité. La tige d'ancrage intègre une surveillance de support et une surveillance de mouvement de la roche environnante, et assure efficacement la stabilité de la roche environnante. De plus, la tige d'ancrage utilise une force élastique hydraulique en tant que force d'entraînement pour entraîner la barre coulissante de déplacement à se déplacer de façon à enregistrer une valeur de mouvement de la roche environnante, réalise une surveillance en temps réel de la roche environnante, présente une structure simple sans circuits compliqués et évite des cas dans lesquels la déformation de la roche environnante entraîne une interruption de ligne telle qu'un appareil de surveillance ne peut pas fonctionner normalement. L'invention réduit également les coûts de production et offre un large éventail d'applications.
PCT/CN2019/118313 2019-05-05 2019-11-14 Tige d'ancrage destinée à supporter une roche environnante et à surveiller l'instabilité, et son procédé de montage WO2020224223A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2019374160A AU2019374160B2 (en) 2019-05-05 2019-11-14 Anchor rod for surrounding rock supporting and instability monitoring and installing method thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910367753.9 2019-05-05
CN201910367753.9A CN110067582B (zh) 2019-05-05 2019-05-05 用于围岩支护、失稳监测的锚杆及其安装方法

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AU (1) AU2019374160B2 (fr)
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