AU2019374160B2 - Anchor rod for surrounding rock supporting and instability monitoring and installing method thereof - Google Patents
Anchor rod for surrounding rock supporting and instability monitoring and installing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- AU2019374160B2 AU2019374160B2 AU2019374160A AU2019374160A AU2019374160B2 AU 2019374160 B2 AU2019374160 B2 AU 2019374160B2 AU 2019374160 A AU2019374160 A AU 2019374160A AU 2019374160 A AU2019374160 A AU 2019374160A AU 2019374160 B2 AU2019374160 B2 AU 2019374160B2
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- rod
- surrounding rock
- anchor rod
- elastic
- rod body
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/003—Machines for drilling anchor holes and setting anchor bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/025—Grouting with organic components, e.g. resin
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0093—Accessories
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
- E21F17/185—Rock-pressure control devices with or without alarm devices; Alarm devices in case of roof subsidence
Abstract
The present invention discloses an anchor rod for surrounding rock supporting and instability
monitoring and an installing method thereof, and relates to the technical field of safety
production of a coal mine. The anchor rod includes an anchor rod body and a support plate.
The anchor rod body is of a double-layer structure, and includes an outer layer rod body and a
surrounding rock instability monitoring device arranged in the outer layer rod body. The
surrounding rock instability monitoring device includes a displacement sliding rod glidingly
arranged in the outer layer rod body and a pressure sensing power device arranged between
the displacement sliding rod and the outer layer rod body and configured to sense surrounding
rock deformation pressure that pushes the displacement sliding rod to generate displacement.
The anchor rod disclosed by the present invention realizes integration of surrounding rock
supporting and motion monitoring, and effectively ensures the stability of surrounding rock;
and meanwhile, the present invention uses hydraulic elasticity as driving force, the
displacement sliding rod is pushed to record a motion value of the surrounding rock, and
real-time monitoring of the surrounding rock can be realized. The structure is simple, no
complicated circuit is used, the phenomena of line interruption and normal work incapability
of the monitoring device caused by surrounding rock deformation are avoided, the production
cost is reduced, and the application range is wide.
Description
[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of safety production of a coal mine, and more particularly relates to an anchor rod for surrounding rock supporting and instability monitoring during roadway surrounding rock motion deformation and an installing method thereof.
[0002] At present, a coal mine roadway is greatly influenced by engineering such as mining, so that roadway surrounding rock may generate deformation motions to different degrees. The key to prevent and control the problems such as instability of the surrounding rock is to accurately master deformation and displacement conditions inside the surrounding rock, and establish a surrounding rock supporting and monitoring system.
[0003] Anchor rod supporting is one of major measures for roadway surrounding rock supporting at present, and plays an important role in maintenance of roadway surrounding rock stability. An anchor rod, as a tension member going deep into a rock stratum, changes the surrounding rock into a bearing body from a load body. The whole anchor rod is divided into a free section and an anchoring section. The free section is configured to transmit the tension of an end of the anchor rod to an anchoring body area and applying prestress to the anchoring body area. The anchoring section refers to an area where prestressed tendons and a soil stratum are bonded by cement paste. The bonding friction force between the anchoring body and the rock stratum is increased, the pressure bearing effect of the anchoring body is improved, and the tension of the free section is transmitted to a deep part of the rock stratum. Through application of the anchor rod, deformation of and damage to the roadway surrounding rock are greatly reduced, and roadway supporting and safety conditions essentially change.
[0004] In recent years, advanced technologies such as high prestress and strong anchor rod and anchor cable supporting have been applied to underground areas in coal mines. Active and timely supporting of the anchor rod is successfully realized, and deformation of and damage to the roadway surrounding rock are reduced. However, the existing anchor rod is incapable of realizing automatic monitoring on the damage to and deformation of the rock stratum in the anchoring area, and manual on-site monitoring is generally used, resulting in great quantity of manual inspection for monitoring, low efficiency and low accuracy.
[0005] Aiming at the above problems, a Chinese patent with a publication number of CN108426517A discloses a surrounding rock radial displacement measuring device, which includes a hollow anchor rod, a hollow inner rod, an anchoring head, a displacement sensor, a data collection instrument and an external base. When the device is used, the anchoring head is fixedly connected with an end part of the hollow inner rod and is positioned outside the hollow anchor rod, a rod body of the hollow inner rod is embedded in a through hole and is capable of axially sliding relative to the hollow anchor rod, the displacement sensor is connected with the anchoring head and monitors axial displacement of the anchoring head, and the data collection instrument is connected with the displacement sensor and acquires axial displacement data. However, the device uses the displacement sensor and the data collection instrument which are involved with circuit instruments, so that the structure is complicated, the cost is high, the quality is instable, and the device is easy to be interfered, thus causing certain limitation of such devices in use.
[0006] Therefore, in view of the above problems, it is necessary to provide a supporting and monitoring integration anchor rod with a reasonable and reliable structural design and a wide application range so as to realize intelligent monitoring of an instability state of the surrounding rock on the basis of ensuring the supporting of the surrounding rock, thus ensuring smooth proceeding of monitoring work.
[0007] Therefore, the present disclosure discloses an anchor rod for surrounding rock supporting and instability monitoring. The anchor rod includes an anchor rod body, the anchor rod body is of a double-layer structure and includes an outer layer rod body and a surrounding rock instability monitoring device arranged in the outer layer rod body, and the surrounding rock instability monitoring device includes a displacement sliding rod and a pressure sensing power device. The present disclosure is capable of monitoring the surrounding rock motion in real time while performing supporting in an extreme environment of surrounding rock, thus realizing integration of surrounding rock supporting and motion monitoring, effectively ensuring the stability of the surrounding rock and guaranteeing normal proceeding of monitoring work. Meanwhile, the present disclosure uses hydraulic elasticity as driving force, a device for recording deformation motion of the surrounding rock is the displacement sliding rod, a worker can monitor the deformation motion of the surrounding rock in real time according to scale display on the displacement sliding rod, the structure is simple, no complicated circuit is used, the phenomena of line interruption and normal work incapability of the monitoring device caused by surrounding rock deformation are avoided, the production cost is reduced, and the application range is wide.
[0008] The anchor rod for surrounding rock supporting and instability monitoring provided according to objectives of the present disclosure includes the anchor rod body and a support plate fixedly connected with one end of the anchor rod body. The anchor rod body is of the double-layer structure, and includes the outer layer rod body and the surrounding rod instability monitoring device arranged in the outer layer rod body. The surrounding rod instability monitoring device includes a displacement sliding rod glidingly arranged in the outer layer rod body and a pressure sensing power device arranged between the displacement sliding rod and the outer layer rod body and is configured to sense the surrounding rock deformation pressure that pushes the displacement sliding rod to generate displacement.
[0009] Preferably, the pressure sensing power device includes an elastic sensitive element for sensing surrounding rock pressure, a microcontroller electrically connected with the elastic sensitive element, a hydraulic cavity for storing hydraulic oil, an elastic bag connected with one end, far away from the support plate, of the displacement sliding rod, and a hydraulic pipe for connecting the hydraulic cavity and the elastic bag. The elastic sensitive element is arranged on an inner wall of one end, far away from the support plate, of the outer layer rod body, generates stress-strain when the anchor rod receives pressure of deformation motion of the surrounding rock and acts on the elastic sensitive element, and transmits pressure information to the microcontroller. The microcontroller controls the hydraulic cavity to inject hydraulic oil into the elastic bag through the hydraulic pipe, and transmits the surrounding rock pressure information to an inner layer to provide effective propelling force for the displacement sliding rod.
[0010] Preferably, pressure holes are uniformly distributed in a surface of the outer layer rod body. During the deformation motion of the surrounding rock, pressure is applied to the anchor rod, and the pressure holes are pressed to act on the elastic sensitive element.
[0011] Preferably, the surrounding rock instability monitoring device further includes a position limiting device for limiting the position of the displacement sliding rod. The position limiting device includes a screw bolt assembly in threaded connection with the end, near the support plate, of the outer layer rod body, and a plurality of groups of elastic damping devices uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the displacement sliding rod.
[0012] Preferably, the screw bolt assembly includes a screw and a screw nut. External screw threads are formed on an outer surface of the screw rod. Internal screw threads matched with the external screw threads of the screw rod are formed on an inner wall of the end, near the support plate, of the outer layer rod body. The screw rod passes through a center hole of the support plate and is in threaded connection with the outer layer rod body. The screw rod is of a hollow structure, and an elastic regulating block is arranged on a side wall thereof. The end, extending out of the outer layer rod body, of the displacement sliding rod passes through a center hole of the screw rod and is then exposed to a surface of a rock body. An outer surface of the end, extending out of the outer layer rod body, of the displacement sliding rod is provided with a first groove matched with the elastic regulating block in position and size. The screw rod is rotated and locking or unlocking of the displacement sliding rod is realized through snap joint or staggering of the elastic regulating block and the first groove. Internal screw threads matched with the external screw threads of the screw rod are formed on the inner wall of the screw nut, and the screw nut is screwed onto the screw rod and tightly presses the support plate.
[0013] Preferably, the elastic regulating block penetrates through a side wall of the screw rod. Two ends are respectively in contact with the displacement sliding rod and the support plate. A second groove matched with the elastic regulating block in position and size is formed in an inner wall of the center hole of the support plate. The screw rod is rotated, the displacement sliding rod is unlocked, and then the elastic regulating block and the second groove realize snap joint, and the screw rod is locked.
[0014] Preferably, the elastic damping device includes a splayed elastic buckle and a round fastener arranged correspondingly to the elastic buckle and fixedly arranged on an outer surface of the displacement sliding rod. The elastic buckle is hinged to an inner wall of the outer layer rod body.
[0015] Preferably, the surrounding rock instability monitoring device further includes a sliding bearing arranged on an outer surface of the displacement sliding rod in a sleeving way.
[0016] The present disclosure further discloses an installing method of an anchor rod for surrounding rock supporting and instability monitoring, the anchor rod comprising an anchor rod body and a support plate) fixedly connected with one end of the anchor rod body, wherein the anchor rod body is of a double-layer structure, and comprises an outer layer rod body and a surrounding rock instability monitoring device arranged in the outer layer rod body; the surrounding rock instability monitoring device comprises a displacement sliding rod glidingly arranged in the outer layer rod body and a pressure sensing power device arranged between the displacement sliding rod and the outer layer rod body and configured to sense surrounding rock deformation pressure that pushes the displacement sliding rod to generate displacement; the pressure sensing power device comprises an elastic sensitive element configured to sense surrounding rock pressure, a microcontroller electrically connected with the elastic sensitive element, a hydraulic cavity for storing hydraulic oil, an elastic bag connected with one end, far away from the support plate, of the displacement sliding rod, and a hydraulic pipe for connecting the hydraulic cavity and the elastic bag; the elastic sensitive element is arranged on an inner wall of one end, far away from the support plate, of the outer layer rod body, generates stress-strain when the anchor rod receives pressure of deformation motion of the surrounding rock and acts on the elastic sensitive element, and transmits pressure information to the microcontroller; and the microcontroller controls the hydraulic cavity to inject hydraulic oil into the elastic bag through the hydraulic pipe, and transmits the surrounding rock pressure information to an inner layer to provide effective propelling force for the displacement sliding rod; wherein pressure holes are uniformly distributed in a surface of the outer layer rod body; during deformation motion of the surrounding rock, pressure is applied to the anchor rod, and the pressure holes are pressed to act on the elastic sensitive element; wherein, the installing method including the following steps:
[0017] step 1: prefabricating an anchor rod body, rotating a screw rod until an elastic regulating block and a first groove realize snap joint, and locking a displacement sliding rod;
[0018] step 2: according to properties of a roadway surrounding rock, a loosen zone length and a roadway supporting design requirement, determining an anchor rod supporting and monitoring early warning surrounding rock area, and drilling a certain number of anchor rod holes;
[0019] step 3: filling the anchor rod holes with an anchoring agent;
[0020] step 4: screwing in the anchor rod body, squashing an anchoring agent pipe, stopping rotation of the anchor rod body after the anchoring agent in an anchor rod hole is uniformly stirred, and solidifying the anchoring agent so that the anchor rod body is fixed in the anchor rod hole, and the anchor rod and a rock stratum become a whole;
[0021] step 5: fixing an end of the anchor rod exposed to the surrounding rock through a hole opening plugging structure, and installing a support plate of the anchor rod;
[0022] step 6: rotating the screw rod, enabling the elastic regulating block and the first groove to be staggered, and unlocking the displacement sliding rod;
[0023] step 7: continuously rotating the screw rod, enabling the elastic regulating block to realize snap joint with the second groove, and locking the screw rod;
[0024] step 8: screwing the screw nut onto the screw rod, tightly pressing the support plate of the anchor rod to a rock wall, and completing the installation of the anchor rod; and
[0025] step 9: after the installation of the anchor rod is completed, waiting for surrounding rock motion, and automatically recording displacement information in real time.
[0026] Preferably, the anchoring agent is a sausage type resin anchoring agent.
[0027] Compared with the prior art, the anchor rod for surrounding rock supporting and instability monitoring disclosed by the present disclosure has the following advantages.
[0028] (1) The present disclosure is capable of monitoring the surrounding rock motion in real time while performing supporting in an extreme environment of the surrounding rock, thus realizing integration of surrounding rock supporting and motion monitoring, effectively ensuring the stability of the surrounding rock and guaranteeing normal proceeding of monitoring work.
[0029] (2) The device for recording deformation motion of the surrounding rock is the displacement sliding rod, the displacement sliding rod can generate displacement in real time during deformation motion of the surrounding rock, a worker can monitor the deformation motion of the surrounding rock in real time according to scale display on the displacement sliding rod.
[0030] (3) The present disclosure records the deformation motion of the surrounding rock by recording displacement generated by the displacement sliding rod, no complicated circuit is used, and the phenomena of line interruption and normal work incapability of the monitoring device caused by surrounding rock deformation are avoided.
[0031] (4) The present disclosure uses hydraulic elasticity as driving force, and records a deformation motion amount of the surrounding rock through the displacement sliding rod, use of a precise monitoring instrument is avoided, the structure is simple and stable, the production cost is reduced, and the application range is wide.
[0032] To describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure or in the existing technology more clearly, the following briefly describes the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments or the existing technology. Apparently, the accompanying drawings in the following description show merely some embodiments of the present disclosure, and a person of ordinary skill in the art may still derive other drawings from these accompanying drawings without creative efforts.
[0033] Fig. 1 is a schematic structure diagram of an anchor rod for surrounding rock supporting and instability monitoring disclosed by the present disclosure.
[0034] Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a part I in Fig. 1.
[0035] Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of a part II in Fig. 1.
[0036] Fig. 4 is a schematic installation diagram of the anchor rod for surrounding rock supporting and instability monitoring disclosed by the present disclosure.
[0037] Fig. 5 is a schematic action diagram of the anchor rod for surrounding rock supporting and instability monitoring disclosed by the present disclosure.
[0040] Specific implementations of the present disclosure will be briefly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are merely some rather than all of the embodiments of the present disclosure. All other embodiments obtained by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
[0041] Fig. 1 to Fig. 5 show preferred embodiments of the present disclosure, structures of the embodiments are described in detail respectively from different angles.
[0042] An anchor rod for surrounding rod supporting and instability monitoring shown in
Figs. 1-5 includes a chemical resin anchor rod body and a support plate 1 fixedly connected with one end of the anchor rod body. The anchor rod body is of a double layer structure, and includes an outer layer rod body 2 with round pressure holes 21 uniformly distributed in an outer surface and a surrounding rock instability monitoring device arranged in the outer layer rod body 2, thus realizing a surrounding rock supporting and motion monitoring integration function of the anchor rod, effectively ensuring the stability of surrounding rock and guaranteeing normal proceeding of monitoring work.
[0043] Stiffness of a surface material of the anchor rod is proper. The round pressure holes 21 are uniformly formed in the outer layer rod body 2. Tiny elastic tensioning and shrinkage performance is realized. Through formation of the pressure holes 21, the anchor rod can better sense pressure of deformation motion of the surrounding rock, and transmit the pressure to the surrounding rock instability monitoring device.
[0044] The surrounding rock instability monitoring device includes a displacement sliding rod 3 glidingly arranged in the outer layer rod body 2 and a pressure sensing power device 4 arranged between the displacement sliding rod 3 and the outer layer rod body 2 and configured to sense surrounding rock deformation pressure that pushes the displacement sliding rod 3 to generate displacement.
[0045] The displacement sliding rod 3 is of cylindrical aluminum alloy, carved with scientific displacement scales that are configured to record and display a displacement value when the surrounding rock generates layer abscission deformation, thus performing early warning on surrounding rock instability. Through arrangement of the displacement sliding rod 3, better real-time performance is realized on monitoring of the deformation motion of the surrounding rock, and a worker can record the deformation motion of the surrounding rock in real time according to scale display on the displacement sliding rod 3. Meanwhile, use of a precise monitoring instrument and a complicated circuit is avoided, so that the phenomena of line interruption and normal work incapability of the monitoring device caused by surrounding rock deformation are avoided, the structure is simple and stable, the production cost is reduced, and the application range is wide.
[0046] The pressure sensing power device 4 includes an elastic sensitive element for sensing the surrounding rock pressure, a microcontroller electrically connected with the elastic sensitive element, a hydraulic cavity 42 for storing hydraulic oil, an elastic bag 41 fixedly connected with one end, far away from the support plate 1, of the displacement sliding rod 3, and a hydraulic pipe for connecting the hydraulic cavity 42 and the elastic bag 41. A plurality of elastic sensitive elements are provided. One end of each elastic sensitive element is attached onto an inner wall of one end, far away from the support plate 1, of the outer layer rod body 2, and the other end of the elastic sensitive element is welded onto the microcontroller. When the anchor rod receives pressure of the deformation motion of the surrounding rock and acts on the elastic sensitive element, the elastic sensitive element generates stress-strain based on pressure, and transmits pressure information to the microcontroller. The microcontroller is electrically connected with the hydraulic cavity 42. The hydraulic cavity 42 is fixedly connected onto an inner wall of one end, far away from the support plate 1, of the outer layer rod body 2. After receiving the pressure information transmitted from the elastic sensitive element, the microcontroller controls the hydraulic cavity 42 to inject the hydraulic oil into the elastic bag 41 in pipe communication with the hydraulic cavity 42 via the hydraulic pipe, and the elastic bag 41 extends under an effect of the hydraulic oil so as to provide effective propelling force for the displacement sliding rod 3 for pushing the displacement sliding rod 3 to move towards outside of a rock stratum, so that the motion information of the surrounding rock is recorded. Specifically, the elastic bag 41 is a multi-section compressible vacuum rubber plastic piston, and a fixed connection mode thereof with the displacement sliding rod 3 is not limited herein. Through arrangement of the pressure sensing power device 4, hydraulic elasticity is used to provide effective driving force for the displacement sliding rod 3, so that the use of the precise monitoring instrument is avoided, the structure is simple and stable, the production cost is reduced, and the application range is wide.
[0047] Further, the surrounding rock instability monitoring device further includes a position limiting device for limiting a position of the displacement sliding rod 3. The position limiting device includes a screw bolt assembly in threaded connection with the end, near the support plate 1, of the outer layer rod body 2 and a plurality of groups of elastic damping devices 7 uniformly distributed on an outer surface of the displacement sliding rod 3. Specifically, the screw bolt assembly includes a screw rod 5 and a screw nut 6. External screw threads are formed on an outer surface of the screw rod 5. Internal screw threads matched with the external screw threads of the screw rod 5 are formed on an inner wall of the end, near the support plate 1, of the outer layer rod body 2. The screw rod 5 passes through a center hole of the support plate and is in threaded connection with the outer layer rod body 2. The screw rod is of a hollow structure, and an elastic regulating block is arranged on a side wall thereof.
One end, extending out of the outer layer rod body 2, of the displacement sliding rod 3 passes through a center hole of the screw rod and is then exposed to a surface of a rock body, and an outer surface of the end is provided with a first groove matched with the elastic regulating block in position and size. The screw rod 5 is rotated and locking or unlocking of the displacement sliding rod 3 is realized through snap joint or staggering of the elastic regulating block and the first groove. Specifically, in an early stage of installation of the anchor rod, the anchor rod body is prefabricated. The screw rod 5 is rotated so as to be in threaded connection with the outer layer rod body, until the elastic regulating block on the screw rod 5 realizes snap joint with the first groove in the displacement sliding rod 3, and the displacement sliding rod 3 is locked to prevent the displacement sliding rod 3 from freely sliding under an inertia effect. After the installation of the anchor rod body and the installation of the support plate 1 of the anchor rod are both completed, the screw rod 5 is continuously rotated, the elastic regulating block and the first groove are staggered, the displacement sliding rod 3 is unlocked, and surrounding rock motion monitoring work is started. Internal screw threads matched with the external screw threads of the screw rod 5 are formed on an inner wall of the screw nut 6, the screw nut 6 is screwed onto the screw rod 5, pre-tightening force is applied to the anchor rod body through the support plate 1, and the position of the anchor rod is indirectly stabilized.
[0048] Further, the elastic regulating block penetrates through a side wall of the screw rod 5. Two ends are respectively in contact with the displacement sliding rod 3 and the support plate 1. A second groove matched with the elastic regulating block in position and size is formed in an inner wall of the center hole of the support plate. The screw rod 5 is rotated, the displacement sliding rod 3 is unlocked, then the elastic regulating block and the second groove realize snap joint, and the screw rod 5 is locked, thus preventing the screw rod 5 from freely rotating.
[0049] Further, the elastic damping device 7 includes a splayed elastic buckle 72 and a round fastener 71 arranged correspondingly to the elastic buckle 72 and fixedly arranged on an outer surface of the displacement sliding rod 3. Specifically, the elastic damping devices 7 are in two groups and are uniformly distributed on the outer surface of the displacement sliding rod 3. One end of the elastic buckle 72 is hinged to an inner wall of the outer layer rod body 2, is elastic, and can only be opened in a single direction along a motion direction of the displacement sliding rod 3. The round fastener 71 is fixedly installed on the displacement sliding rod 3, cooperates with the elastic buckle 72 to prevent free sliding of the displacement sliding rod 3 when the surrounding rock does not generate deformation motion, and is an auxiliary device for the screw bolt assembly arranged at the end part of the outer layer rod body 2. When the surrounding rock deforms and acts on the displacement sliding rod 3 to generate displacement, the round fastener 71 passes through the elastic buckle 72, the elastic buckle 72 is opened in a splayed shape, and after the round fastener 71 passes through, the elastic buckle 72 is closed in a splayed shape, so that revere motion of the displacement sliding rod 3 is prevented.
[0050] Further, the surrounding rock instability monitoring device further includes a sliding bearing 8 arranged on an outer surface of the displacement sliding rod 3 in a sleeving way. The sliding bearing 8 is arranged at the end, near the support plate 1, of the displacement sliding rod 3, thus reducing friction loss and surface abrasion of the displacement sliding rod 3, and ensuring precise motion of the displacement sliding rod 3.
[0051] The present disclosure further discloses an installing method of an anchor rod for surrounding rock supporting and instability monitoring, including the following steps.
[0052] Step 1: An anchor rod body is prefabricated, a screw rod 5 is rotated until an elastic regulating block and a first groove realize snap joint, and a displacement sliding rod 3 is locked.
[0053] Step 2: According to properties of a roadway surrounding rock, a loosen zone length and a roadway supporting design requirement, an anchor rod supporting and monitoring early warning surrounding rock area is determined, and a certain number of anchor rod holes are drilled.
[0054] Step 3: The anchor rod holes are filled with a sausage type resin anchoring agent.
[0055] Step 4: The anchor rod body is screwed in, an anchoring agent pipe is squashed, the anchoring agent in an anchor rod hole is uniformly stirred, resin, a curing agent and quartz particles are mixed together to fill a gap between the anchor rod and a hole wall, then the anchor rod body stops rotating, the anchoring agent is solidified, and the anchor rod body is fixed in the anchor rod hole, so that the anchor rod and a rock stratum become a whole, thus improving an anchoring effect of the anchor rod.
[0056] Step 5: An end of the anchor rod exposed to the surrounding rock is fixed through a hole opening plugging structure, and a support plate 1 of the anchor rod is installed.
[0057] Step 6: The screw rod 5 is continuously rotated so that the elastic regulating block and the first groove are staggered, and the displacement sliding rod (3) is unlocked.
[0058] Step 7: The screw rod 5 is continuously rotated, so that the elastic regulating block and the second groove are enabled to realize snap joint, and the screw rod 5 is locked.
[0059] Step 8: A screw nut 6 is screwed onto the screw rod 5, the support plate 1 of the anchor rod is tightly pressed to a rock wall, and the installation of the anchor rod is completed.
[0060] Step 9: After the installation of the anchor rod is completed, surrounding rock motion is waited, once a cracking condition occurs inside the rock, pressure holes 21 receives extrusion effects, a pressure sensing power device 4 between inner and outer layers of the anchor rod will inject hydraulic oil into an elastic bag 41 through a hydraulic cavity 42 under the effect of rock motion, the elastic bag 41 is pressurized to push the displacement sliding rod 3 to outwards slide, scales are marked on the displacement sliding rod 3, displacement information can be automatically recorded in real time, and a surrounding rock instability condition can be deduced through a recorded scales that the displacement sliding rod 3 slides out.
[0061] Based on the above, the anchor rod for surrounding rock supporting and instability monitoring disclosed by the prevent disclosure is capable of achieving effects of monitoring surrounding rock motion in real time while performing supporting in an extreme environment of the surrounding rock, layering motion monitoring of the rock stratum can be realized, the defect of supporting and monitoring separation is overcome, the stability of the surrounding rock is effectively ensured, and normal proceeding of the monitoring work is guaranteed. Meanwhile, the present disclosure uses hydraulic elasticity as driving force, the defects of instability and high cost caused by the rock stratum monitoring device with circuits such as a resistance strain gauge at present are overcome. The structure is simple, the cost is reduced, and the application range is wide.
[0062] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables persons skilled in the art to implement and use the present disclosure. Various modifications to these embodiments are obvious to a person skilled in the art, and the general principles defined in this specification may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to these embodiments illustrated in the present disclosure, but needs to conform to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed in the present disclosure.
[0063] Throughout the specification and the claims that follow, unless the context requires otherwise, the words "comprise" and "include" and variations such as "comprising" and "including" will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or group of integers, but not the exclusion of any other integer or group of integers.
[0064] The reference to any prior art in this specification is not, and should not be taken as, an acknowledgement of any form of suggestion that such prior art forms part of the common general knowledge.
[0065] It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the disclosure is not restricted in its use to the particular application described. Neither is the present disclosure restricted in its preferred embodiment with regard to the particular elements and/or features described or depicted herein. It will be appreciated that the disclosure is not limited to the embodiment or embodiments disclosed, but is capable of numerous rearrangements, modifications and substitutions without departing from the scope of the disclosure as set forth and defined by the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. An anchor rod for surrounding rock supporting and instability monitoring, comprising an
anchor rod body and a support plate fixedly connected with one end of the anchor rod body,
wherein the anchor rod body is of a double-layer structure, and comprises an outer layer rod
body and a surrounding rock instability monitoring device arranged in the outer layer rod
body; the surrounding rock instability monitoring device comprises a displacement sliding rod
glidingly arranged in the outer layer rod body and a pressure sensing power device arranged
between the displacement sliding rod and the outer layer rod body and configured to sense
surrounding rock deformation pressure that pushes the displacement sliding rod to generate
displacement;
wherein the pressure sensing power device comprises an elastic sensitive element configured
to sense surrounding rock pressure, a microcontroller electrically connected with the elastic
sensitive element, a hydraulic cavity for storing hydraulic oil, an elastic bag connected with
one end, far away from the support plate, of the displacement sliding rod, and a hydraulic pipe
for connecting the hydraulic cavity and the elastic bag; the elastic sensitive element is
arranged on an inner wall of one end, far away from the support plate, of the outer layer rod
body, generates stress-strain when the anchor rod receives pressure of deformation motion of
the surrounding rock and acts on the elastic sensitive element, and transmits pressure
information to the microcontroller; and the microcontroller controls the hydraulic cavity to
inject hydraulic oil into the elastic bag through the hydraulic pipe, and transmits the
surrounding rock pressure information to an inner layer to provide effective propelling force
for the displacement sliding rod; and
wherein pressure holes are uniformly distributed in a surface of the outer layer rod body;
during deformation motion of the surrounding rock, pressure is applied to the anchor rod, and
the pressure holes are pressed to act on the elastic sensitive element.
2. The anchor rod for surrounding rock supporting and instability monitoring according to claim 1, wherein the surrounding rock instability monitoring device further comprises a position limiting device for limiting a position of the displacement sliding rod; and the position limiting device comprises a screw bolt assembly that is in threaded connection with one end, near the support plate, of the outer layer rod body and a plurality of groups of elastic damping devices uniformly distributed on an outer surface of the displacement sliding rod.
3. The anchor rod for surrounding rock supporting and instability monitoring according to
claim 2, wherein the screw bolt assembly comprises a screw rod and a screw nut; external
screw threads are formed on an outer surface of the screw rod; internal screw threads matched
with the external screw threads of the screw rod are formed on an inner wall of the end, near
the support plate, of the outer layer rod body; the screw rod passes through a center hole of
the support plate and is in threaded connection with the outer layer rod body; the screw rod is
of a hollow structure, and an elastic regulating block is arranged on a side wall thereof; one
end, extending out of the outer layer rod body, of the displacement sliding rod passes through
a center hole of the screw rod and is then exposed to a surface of a rock body; an outer surface
of the end, extending out of the outer layer rod body, of the displacement sliding rod is
provided with a first groove matched with the elastic regulating block in position and size; the
screw rod is rotated, and locking or unlocking of the displacement sliding rod is realized
through snap joint or staggering of the elastic regulating block and the first groove; internal
screw threads matched with the external screw threads of the screw rod are formed on an
inner wall of the screw nut; and the screw nut is screwed onto the screw rod and tightly
presses the support plate.
4. The anchor rod for surrounding rock supporting and instability monitoring according to
claim 3, wherein the elastic regulating block penetrates through a side wall of the screw rod;
two ends are respectively in contact with the displacement sliding rod and the support plate; a
second groove matched with the elastic regulating block in position and size is formed in an
inner wall of the center hole of the support plate; and the screw rod is rotated, and the
displacement sliding rod is unlocked, then the elastic regulating block and the second groove
realize snap joint, and the screw rod is locked.
5. The anchor rod for surrounding rock supporting and instability monitoring according to
claim 2, wherein the elastic damping device comprises a splayed elastic buckle and a round fastener arranged correspondingly to the elastic buckle and fixedly arranged on an outer surface of the displacement sliding rod; and the elastic buckle is hinged to an inner wall of the outer layer rod body.
6. The anchor rod for surrounding rock supporting and instability monitoring according to
claim 2, wherein the surrounding rock instability monitoring device further comprises a
sliding bearing arranged on an outer surface of the displacement sliding rod in a sleeving way.
7. An installing method of an anchor rod for surrounding rock supporting and instability
monitoring, the anchor rod comprising an anchor rod body and a support plate) fixedly
connected with one end of the anchor rod body, wherein the anchor rod body is of a
double-layer structure, and comprises an outer layer rod body and a surrounding rock
instability monitoring device arranged in the outer layer rod body; the surrounding rock
instability monitoring device comprises a displacement sliding rod glidingly arranged in the
outer layer rod body and a pressure sensing power device arranged between the displacement
sliding rod and the outer layer rod body and configured to sense surrounding rock
deformation pressure that pushes the displacement sliding rod to generate displacement; the
pressure sensing power device comprises an elastic sensitive element configured to sense
surrounding rock pressure, a microcontroller electrically connected with the elastic sensitive
element, a hydraulic cavity for storing hydraulic oil, an elastic bag connected with one end,
far away from the support plate, of the displacement sliding rod, and a hydraulic pipe for
connecting the hydraulic cavity and the elastic bag; the elastic sensitive element is arranged
on an inner wall of one end, far away from the support plate, of the outer layer rod body,
generates stress-strain when the anchor rod receives pressure of deformation motion of the
surrounding rock and acts on the elastic sensitive element, and transmits pressure information
to the microcontroller; and the microcontroller controls the hydraulic cavity to inject
hydraulic oil into the elastic bag through the hydraulic pipe, and transmits the surrounding
rock pressure information to an inner layer to provide effective propelling force for the
displacement sliding rod;
wherein pressure holes are uniformly distributed in a surface of the outer layer rod body;
during deformation motion of the surrounding rock, pressure is applied to the anchor rod, and the pressure holes are pressed to act on the elastic sensitive element; wherein, the installing method comprising the following steps: step 1: prefabricating an anchor rod body, rotating a screw rod until an elastic regulating block and a first groove realize snap joint, and locking a displacement sliding rod; step 2: according to properties of roadway surrounding rock, a loosen zone length and a roadway supporting design requirement, determining an anchor rod supporting and monitoring early warning surrounding rock area, and drilling a certain number of anchor rod holes; step 3: filling the anchor rod holes with an anchoring agent; step 4: screwing in the anchor rod body, squashing an anchoring agent pipe, stopping rotation of the anchor rod body after the anchoring agent in an anchor rod hole is uniformly stirred, and solidifying the anchoring agent so that the anchor rod body is fixed in the anchor rod hole, and the anchor rod and a rock stratum become a whole; step 5: fixing an end of the anchor rod exposed to the surrounding rock through a hole opening plugging structure, and installing a support plate of the anchor rod; step 6: rotating the screw rod, enabling the elastic regulating block and the first groove to be staggered, and unlocking the displacement sliding rod; step 7: continuously rotating the screw rod, enabling the elastic regulating block to realize snap joint with a second groove, and locking the screw rod; step 8: screwing a screw nut onto the screw rod, tightly pressing the support plate of the anchor rod to a rock wall, and completing the installation of the anchor rod; and step 9: after the installation of the anchor rod is completed, waiting for surrounding rock motion, and automatically recording displacement information in real time.
8. The installing method of an anchor rod for surrounding rock supporting and instability
monitoring according to claim 7, wherein the anchoring agent is a sausage type resin
anchoring agent.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2019103677539 | 2019-05-05 | ||
| CN201910367753.9A CN110067582B (en) | 2019-05-05 | 2019-05-05 | Anchor rod for surrounding rock supporting and instability monitoring and mounting method thereof |
| PCT/CN2019/118313 WO2020224223A1 (en) | 2019-05-05 | 2019-11-14 | Anchor rod for surrounding rock support and instability monitoring, and mounting method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2019374160A1 AU2019374160A1 (en) | 2020-11-19 |
| AU2019374160B2 true AU2019374160B2 (en) | 2021-06-03 |
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| AU2019374160A Active AU2019374160B2 (en) | 2019-05-05 | 2019-11-14 | Anchor rod for surrounding rock supporting and instability monitoring and installing method thereof |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110067582B (en) |
| AU (1) | AU2019374160B2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2020224223A1 (en) |
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| CN110067582B (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2020-04-21 | 中国矿业大学 | Anchor rod for surrounding rock supporting and instability monitoring and mounting method thereof |
| CN110566209A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-12-13 | 中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司 | Non-return device of grouting pipe, grouting pipe and non-return method |
| CN111878169B (en) * | 2020-06-11 | 2022-06-28 | 中铁十四局集团第三工程有限公司 | Rock anchor rod capable of measuring internal deformation of tunnel surrounding rock and working method |
| CN112627871B (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2023-03-14 | 上海应用技术大学 | Telescopic automatic pressure relief type anchor rod |
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| CN113187533B (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2023-05-09 | 南通理工学院 | Large-stroke recyclable hydraulic yielding anchor rod |
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| CN114495455B (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2023-08-22 | 中煤天津设计工程有限责任公司 | Mining tunnel roof surrounding rock displacement monitoring alarm device |
| CN115013060B (en) * | 2022-05-18 | 2023-03-14 | 中南大学 | Underground rock disaster monitoring and early warning equipment and installation and use method |
| CN116624193B (en) * | 2023-07-21 | 2023-11-14 | 山西新能正源智能装备有限公司 | Coupling mechanism and anchor rod installation equipment with prestressing force is applyed and detection function |
| CN117418903B (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2024-04-02 | 河南龙宇能源股份有限公司 | Intelligent patrol equipment for monitoring and alarming deformation of gob-side entry retaining roadway |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110067582A (en) | 2019-07-30 |
| CN110067582B (en) | 2020-04-21 |
| WO2020224223A1 (en) | 2020-11-12 |
| AU2019374160A1 (en) | 2020-11-19 |
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