WO2020220882A1 - 热失控检测电路及方法 - Google Patents

热失控检测电路及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020220882A1
WO2020220882A1 PCT/CN2020/081472 CN2020081472W WO2020220882A1 WO 2020220882 A1 WO2020220882 A1 WO 2020220882A1 CN 2020081472 W CN2020081472 W CN 2020081472W WO 2020220882 A1 WO2020220882 A1 WO 2020220882A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery pack
thermal runaway
data
cable
parameters
Prior art date
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2020/081472
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
但志敏
曾超
王潇
许佳
侯贻真
张伟
胡国亮
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Contemporary Amperex Technology Co Ltd
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Publication of WO2020220882A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020220882A1/zh
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/392—Determining battery ageing or deterioration, e.g. state of health
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/40—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the exchange of charge or discharge related data
    • H02J7/443—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the exchange of charge or discharge related data using passive battery identification means, e.g. resistors or capacitors
    • H02J7/445—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by the exchange of charge or discharge related data using passive battery identification means, e.g. resistors or capacitors in response to measured battery parameters, e.g. voltage, current or temperature profile
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K3/00—Thermometers giving results other than momentary value of temperature
    • G01K3/005—Circuits arrangements for indicating a predetermined temperature
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/364—Battery terminal connectors with integrated measuring arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—ELECTRIC POWER NETWORKS; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/60—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements
    • H02J7/65—Circuit arrangements for charging or discharging batteries or for supplying loads from batteries including safety or protection arrangements against overtemperature
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
    • G01K7/02—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
    • G01K7/021—Particular circuit arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This application belongs to the field of battery technology, and in particular relates to a thermal runaway detection circuit and method.
  • battery packs can be used as a power source to provide power for new energy vehicles, new energy ships, new energy aircraft, and so on.
  • the battery pack generates heat during operation. Under normal conditions, the heat generated by the battery pack is controllable. However, under abnormal conditions, such as collisions, overcharging, etc., the heat generated by the battery pack is uncontrollable, leading to thermal runaway. Once thermal runaway occurs, it may cause a fire, threatening the safety of the battery pack, equipment installed with the battery pack, and the personal safety of related personnel.
  • the battery management system (Battery Management System, BMS) monitors changes in voltage or temperature to determine whether thermal runaway occurs.
  • BMS Battery Management System
  • the circuit board or monitoring unit used to communicate with the BMS may be sputtered and burned by the high temperature electrolyte generated by the thermal runaway.
  • the BMS cannot detect thermal runaway, which reduces the safety of the battery pack.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a thermal runaway detection circuit and method, which can improve the safety of the battery pack.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a thermal runaway detection circuit, including: a sensing module, the sensing module includes a terminal resistor, the terminal resistor is connected with a cable-type temperature sensing wire, and at least a part of the cable-type temperature sensing wire is in the battery pack The distance of the single cell is less than the temperature sensing distance threshold; the detection module, the detection module includes a first voltage divider resistor set and a second voltage divider resistor set, the first voltage divider resistor set, the terminal resistor and the second voltage divider resistor set pass through the cable The temperature sensing wire is connected in series, one end of the first voltage dividing resistor set is connected to the first power supply terminal, and one end of the second voltage dividing resistor set is connected to the ground; the processing module, the processing module is connected to the detection module, and the processing module is used to obtain thermal runaway The detection data is used to determine whether the battery pack has thermal runaway based on the thermal runaway detection data.
  • the thermal runaway detection data includes first sampling data collected from the first sampling point and second sampling data collected from the second sampling point.
  • the sampling point is set between the other end of the first voltage dividing resistor set and the terminal resistor
  • the second sampling point is set between the other end of the second voltage dividing resistor set and the terminal resistor.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a thermal runaway detection method, applying the thermal runaway detection circuit in the first aspect, the method includes: a processing module obtains thermal runaway detection data; the processing module determines a battery pack based on the thermal runaway detection data Whether thermal runaway occurs; wherein, the thermal runaway detection data includes first sampling data collected from a first sampling point and second sampling data collected from a second sampling point, and the first sampling point is set at another of the first voltage divider resistor set Between one end and the terminal resistor, the second sampling point is set between the other end of the second voltage divider resistor set and the terminal resistor.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a thermal runaway detection circuit and method.
  • the thermal runaway detection circuit includes an induction module, a detection module, and a processing module.
  • the terminal resistor in the sensing module is connected with a cable-type temperature sensing wire, and the terminal resistor is connected in series with the first and second voltage dividing resistor sets through the cable-type temperature sensing wire.
  • the distance between at least a part of the cable-type temperature sensing wire and the single cell in the battery pack is less than the temperature sensing distance threshold, so that the cable-type temperature sensing wire is affected by the temperature of the single cell in the battery pack.
  • the cable-type temperature sensing wire is affected by the temperature of the single cell, and the on-off state of the cable-type temperature sensing wire will change, thereby changing the first sampling data and the second sampling data in the acquired thermal runaway detection data.
  • the processing module can detect the thermal runaway of the battery pack in time, which improves the safety of the battery pack.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway detection circuit in an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway detection circuit in another embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway detection circuit in another embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a thermal runaway detection method in an embodiment of the application.
  • Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a thermal runaway detection method in another embodiment of the application.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a thermal runaway detection circuit, method, and storage medium, which can be used in scenarios where a battery pack is monitored for thermal runaway.
  • the battery pack includes at least one single cell.
  • the battery pack can be a battery module, a battery pack, etc., which is not limited here.
  • the thermal runaway detection circuit can detect the thermal runaway of the battery pack in time, so that corresponding measures can be taken in time in the subsequent process to improve the safety of the battery pack.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway detection circuit in an embodiment of the application. As shown in the figure, the thermal runaway detection circuit includes an induction module P1, a detection module P2, and a processing module P3.
  • the sensing module P1 includes a terminal resistor.
  • the terminal resistance is connected with a cable-type temperature sensing wire, and the distance between at least a part of the cable-type temperature sensing wire and the battery cell in the battery pack is less than the temperature sensing distance threshold.
  • the two steel wires wrapped with heat-sensitive material inside the cable-type temperature sensing wire are of twisted pair structure.
  • the cable-type temperature sensing wire is represented by two steel wires a and b separately.
  • the two steel wires a and b are located in the same cable-type temperature sensing wire. Under normal circumstances, the two steel wires in the cable-type temperature sensing wire do not intersect.
  • the high temperature threshold can be set according to specific work scenarios and work requirements, and is not limited here.
  • the high temperature threshold can be 85°C, 105°C, or 125°C.
  • the temperature sensing distance threshold is the distance threshold at which the cable-type temperature sensing wire can sensitively sense that the temperature of the single cell in the battery pack is higher than the temperature threshold.
  • the cable-type temperature sensing wire is triggered to change the on-off state.
  • the corresponding temperature and the actual temperature of the single cell in the battery pack The error between is within an acceptable range.
  • the temperature-sensing distance threshold can be set according to the characteristic parameters of the cable-type temperature-sensing wire, the characteristic parameters of the single cell, and the specific work scenarios and work requirements, which is not limited here.
  • At least a part of the cable-type temperature sensing wire may be arranged directly above the cell explosion-proof valve port of the single cell in the battery pack. Due to thermal runaway of the battery pack, the explosion-proof valve of the battery cell will rupture, and high-temperature electrolyte and high-temperature gas will be ejected from the explosion-proof valve port of the battery.
  • At least a part of the cable-type temperature sensing wire is arranged directly above the explosion-proof valve port of the single cell in the battery pack, which can make the cable-type temperature sensing wire more sensitive to the thermal runaway induction of the battery pack, thereby further improving the thermal runaway detection Accuracy and timeliness.
  • the detection module P2 includes a first voltage dividing resistor set and a second voltage dividing resistor set. One end of the first voltage dividing resistor set is connected to the first power supply terminal, and one end of the second voltage dividing resistor set is connected to ground.
  • the first set of voltage dividing resistors, the terminal resistor and the second set of voltage dividing resistors are connected in series via a cable-type temperature sensing wire. Specifically, one steel wire of the cable-type temperature sensing wire connected with the terminal resistance is connected to the other end of the first voltage dividing resistor assembly, and the other steel wire in the cable-type temperature sensing wire is connected to the other end of the second voltage dividing resistor assembly.
  • the first set of voltage dividing resistors includes at least one resistor. If the first set of voltage dividing resistors includes multiple resistors, the number and connection relationship of the resistors are not limited here.
  • the second set of voltage dividing resistors includes at least one resistor. If the first set of voltage dividing resistors includes multiple resistors, the number and connection relationship of the resistors are not limited here.
  • the specific structures of the first voltage dividing resistor set and the second voltage dividing resistor set can be set according to specific working scenarios and working requirements, and are not limited here.
  • the first set of voltage dividing resistors includes a resistor R1
  • the second set of voltage dividing resistors includes a resistor R2
  • the terminal resistor is a resistor R3.
  • the resistor R1, the resistor R3, and the resistor R2 are connected in series.
  • the resistance R1 and the resistance R3 are connected by the steel wire a in the cable-type temperature sensing wire
  • the resistance R2 and the resistance R3 are connected by the steel wire b in the cable-type temperature sensing wire.
  • the detection module P2 may be specifically disposed in a battery management unit (Battery Management Unit, BMU).
  • BMU Battery Management Unit
  • the BMU has a shell structure and has a protective effect.
  • the detection module P2 can avoid being splashed by the high-temperature electrolyte generated by the battery pack that has thermal runaway.
  • the specific location of the detection module P2 is not limited, and a protective cover is provided for the detection module P2 to prevent the high-temperature electrolyte generated by the battery pack with thermal runaway from being splashed on the detection module P2. Thereby further ensuring the timeliness of the detection of thermal runaway and the safety of the thermal runaway detection circuit.
  • the processing module P3 is connected to the detection module P2, and the processing module P3 is used to obtain thermal runaway detection data, and determine whether the battery pack has thermal runaway according to the thermal runaway detection data.
  • the thermal runaway detection data includes first sampling data collected from a first sampling point and second sampling data collected from a second sampling point.
  • the first sampling point is set between the other end of the first voltage divider resistor set and the terminal resistor.
  • the second sampling point is arranged between the other end of the second voltage divider resistor set and the terminal resistor.
  • the first sampling point is marked as AD1
  • the second sampling point is marked as AD2.
  • sampling ports can be set at the first sampling point and the second sampling point respectively.
  • the processing module P3 may specifically be a Micro Control Unit (MCU) in the BMU, and the processing module P3 may also be set independently, which is not limited herein.
  • MCU Micro Control Unit
  • the first sampling data and the second sampling data may specifically be electrical signal parameter data, such as voltage value, current value, etc., which are not limited herein.
  • the on-off state of the cable-type temperature sensing wire can be determined, that is, the short-circuit, open circuit or normal path of the cable-type temperature sensing wire can be determined.
  • whether the battery pack has thermal runaway can be directly determined according to the on-off state of the cable-type temperature sensing wire.
  • other thermal runaway detection data can be combined to jointly determine whether the battery pack has thermal runaway.
  • the thermal runaway detection circuit includes an induction module P1, a detection module P2, and a processing module P3.
  • the terminal resistance in the sensing module P1 is connected with a cable-type temperature sensing wire, and the terminal resistance is connected in series with the first and second voltage dividing resistor sets through the cable-type temperature sensing wire.
  • the distance between at least a part of the cable-type temperature sensing wire and the single cell in the battery pack is less than the temperature sensing distance threshold, so that the cable-type temperature sensing wire is affected by the temperature of the single cell in the battery pack.
  • the cable-type temperature sensing wire is affected by the temperature of the single cell, and the on-off state of the cable-type temperature sensing wire will change, so that the first sampling data and the second sampling of the thermal runaway detection data obtained from the detection module P2 The data has changed.
  • the processing module P3 can detect the thermal runaway of the battery pack in time based on the thermal runaway detection data, which improves the safety of the battery pack.
  • the state of the BMU includes a working state and a sleep state.
  • the BMU is in working state, and the power module of the BMU supplies power to the BMU, so that the BMU can normally monitor the battery pack data, such as voltage monitoring, current monitoring, temperature monitoring, insulation monitoring, state of charge monitoring, etc., and can obtain voltage, current, Temperature, state of charge, etc. are used as thermal runaway detection data.
  • the BMU is in the dormant state, the power supply module of the BMU stops supplying power to the BMU, and the BMU stops data monitoring of the battery pack.
  • the BMU stops data monitoring of the battery pack, and cannot provide thermal runaway detection data. If the function of the processing module P3 is integrated in the BMU, the BMU is in the dormant state, and the detection and determination of thermal runaway cannot be performed.
  • the detection module P2 in the above-mentioned embodiment also includes a sleep and wake-up sub-module P21.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway detection circuit in another embodiment of the application (the processing module P3 is not shown). As shown in Figure 2, the detection module P2 also includes a sleep and wake-up sub-module P21.
  • the sleep waking sub-module P21 is connected to the other end of the second voltage divider resistor set.
  • the sleep and wake sub-module P21 is used to receive the drive signal transmitted from the sensing module P1. If the drive signal indicates that the sleep and wake sub-module P21 is turned on, it sends a wake-up signal to the power module of the battery management unit. Specifically, if the cable-type temperature sensing wire connected to the terminal resistor in the sensing module P1 is normally routed or disconnected, the drive signal transmitted from the cable-type temperature sensing wire controls the sleep and wake-up submodule P21 to disconnect, and the BMU is still in the sleep state.
  • the drive signal transmitted from the cable-type temperature sensing wire controls the dormancy wake-up submodule P21 to be turned on, and sends a wake-up signal to the power module of the BMU.
  • the power module of the BMU receives the wake-up signal, and the BMU switches from the sleep state to the working state.
  • the sleep and wake submodule P21 includes a first resistance set, a first switch tube, a second resistance set, a second switch tube, and a third resistance set.
  • the first resistance set includes at least one resistance. If the first resistor set includes multiple resistors, the number and connection relationship of the resistors are not limited herein.
  • the second resistance set, the third resistance set, and the first resistance set are related to each other, and will not be repeated here.
  • the first switching tube and the second switching tube may be metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) tubes or other switching tubes, which are not limited herein.
  • MOS metal oxide semiconductor
  • One end of the first resistance set is connected to the second power supply terminal, and the other end of the first resistance set is connected to the first end of the first switch tube and the control end of the second switch tube.
  • the control end of the first switch tube is connected to the other end of the second voltage dividing resistor set, and the second end of the first switch tube is connected to the ground.
  • One end of the second resistance set is connected to the third power supply terminal, and the other end of the second resistance set is connected to the first end of the second switch tube.
  • the second end of the second switch tube is connected with one end of the third resistor set and the power module of the battery management unit.
  • the other end of the third resistor set is connected to ground.
  • the power module may be specifically implemented as a power chip, such as a system basis chip (System Basis Chip, SBC), etc., which is not limited here.
  • the voltage provided by the first power supply terminal, the second power supply terminal, and the third power supply terminal may be the same or different, which is not limited herein.
  • the first power supply terminal, the second power supply terminal, and the third power supply terminal can provide a voltage of 5V. If the battery pack and the thermal runaway detection circuit are installed in a power vehicle, the first power supply terminal, the second power supply terminal, and the third power supply terminal The voltage of 5V can be provided by the lead-acid battery in the powered car.
  • the first resistance set includes resistance R4, the second resistance set includes resistance R5, and the third resistance set includes resistance R6.
  • the first switch tube is an N-channel MOS tube Q1, the control terminal of the first switch tube Q1 is a gate, the first terminal is a drain, and the second terminal is a source.
  • the second switching tube is a P-channel MOS tube Q2, the control terminal of the second switching tube Q2 is a gate, the first terminal is a source, and the second terminal is a drain.
  • the BMU is in a sleep state.
  • the battery pack is thermally out of control, and the cable-type temperature sensor is melted and short-circuited.
  • the potential of the control terminal of the first switch tube is pulled high, and the first switch tube is turned on.
  • the potential of the control terminal of the second switching tube is pulled down to the conduction voltage drop of the first switching tube, and the second switching tube is turned on.
  • the wake-up signal can be sent to the power module through the wake-up signal line between the second end of the second switch tube and the power module of the BMU to wake up the BMU.
  • the fourth power supply terminal continuously provides a wake-up signal to the power module of the BMU.
  • the fourth power supply terminal is powered on when the BMU is in working state, so as to ensure that the wake-up signal is continuously provided to the BMU.
  • the fourth power supply terminal is powered off when the BMU is in the dormant state, and the dormant wake-up submodule P21 wakes up the BMU.
  • a resistor R7 can be provided between the fourth power supply terminal V4 and the BMU.
  • the value of the voltage provided by the fourth power supply terminal and the value of the voltage provided by the first power supply terminal may be the same or different, which is not limited herein.
  • the voltage provided by the fourth power supply terminal is 12V.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway detection circuit in another embodiment of the application (the processing module P3 is not shown). The difference between FIG. 3 and FIG. 2 is that the thermal runaway detection circuit shown in FIG. 3 also includes some protection devices and/or filter devices.
  • the thermal runaway detection circuit may further include a first protection capacitor and/or a second protection capacitor.
  • the thermal runaway detection circuit may further include a first filter capacitor and a first filter resistor, and/or, a second filter capacitor and a second filter resistor.
  • the thermal runaway detection circuit includes a first protection capacitor C1, a second protection capacitor C2, a first filter capacitor C3, a second filter capacitor C4, a first filter resistor R8, and a second filter resistor. Take R9 as an example.
  • one end of the first protection capacitor is connected to the other end of the first voltage dividing resistor set, and the other end of the first protection capacitor is connected to the ground.
  • One end of the second protection capacitor is connected to the other end of the second voltage dividing resistor set, and the other end of the second protection capacitor is connected to the ground.
  • the first protection capacitor and the second protection capacitor can prevent the thermal runaway detection circuit from electrostatic discharge (Electro Static Discharge, ESD).
  • one end of the first protection capacitor C1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R1, and the other end of the first protection capacitor C1 is connected to the ground.
  • One end of the second protection capacitor C2 is connected to the other end of the resistor R2, and the other end of the second protection capacitor C2 is connected to the ground.
  • One end of the first filter capacitor is connected to the first sampling point, and the other end of the first filter capacitor is connected to ground.
  • One end of the second filter capacitor is connected to the second sampling point, and the other end of the second filter capacitor is connected to ground.
  • One end of the first filter resistor is connected to the other end of the first voltage dividing resistor set, and the other end of the first filter resistor is connected to the first sampling point.
  • One end of the second filter resistor is connected to the other end of the second voltage dividing resistor set, and the other end of the second filter resistor is connected to the second sampling point.
  • the first filter capacitor and the first filter resistor can form an RC filter circuit to filter the first sampled data
  • the second filter capacitor and the second filter resistor can form an RC filter circuit to filter the second sampled data to improve the first sampled data And the accuracy of the second sampling data, thereby improving the accuracy of thermal runaway detection.
  • one end of the first filter capacitor C3 is connected to the first sampling point AD1, and the other end of the first filter capacitor C3 is connected to the ground.
  • One end of the second filter capacitor C4 is connected to the second sampling point AD2, and the other end of the second filter capacitor C4 is connected to the ground.
  • One end of the first filter resistor R8 is connected to the other end of the resistor R1, and the other end of the first filter resistor R8 is connected to the first sampling point AD1.
  • One end of the second filter resistor R9 is connected to the other end of the resistor R2, and the other end of the second filter resistor R9 is connected to the second sampling point AD2.
  • the above-mentioned processing module P3 is also used to send an alarm signal to the vehicle controller if it is determined that the battery pack is thermally out of control, so as to notify relevant personnel so that corresponding measures can be taken in time.
  • the processing module P3 may be specifically configured to determine the on-off state of the cable-type temperature sensing wire according to the first sampling data and the second sampling data.
  • the on-off state includes short circuit, open circuit or normal path.
  • the following uses the first sampled data and the second sampled data as an example of voltage values for the description of the thermal runaway detection.
  • the aforementioned processing module P3 is specifically configured to determine that the cable-type temperature sensing wire is short-circuited if the first sampled data is equal to the second sampled data; if the cable-type temperature sensing wire is short-circuited, determine that the battery pack is thermally out of control.
  • the cable-type temperature sensing wire is short-circuited. Since the cable-type temperature sensing wire has a stricter short-circuit condition, the cable-type temperature sensing wire generally does not short-circuit in the case of non-thermal runaway. Therefore, if the cable-type temperature sensing wire is short-circuited, it can be determined that the battery pack is thermally out of control.
  • the aforementioned thermal runaway detection data may further include battery pack parameters.
  • the processing module P3 is specifically used to: if the first sampled data is the same as the voltage provided by the first power supply terminal, and the second sampled data is zero, determine that the cable-type temperature sensing wire is disconnected; if it is within the preset time, determine the cable-type When the temperature sensing wire is disconnected, and at least one of the battery pack parameters meets the fault condition, it is determined that the battery pack has thermal runaway.
  • the cable-type temperature sensing wire is disconnected.
  • the preset duration can be set according to specific work scenarios and work requirements, and is not limited here. Setting the preset duration can effectively avoid at least part of the misjudgment of thermal runaway and improve the reliability of thermal runaway detection.
  • the battery pack parameters can include one or more of the following parameters:
  • the maximum temperature of the single cells in the battery pack The maximum temperature of the single cells in the battery pack, the temperature change speed of the single cells in the battery pack, the difference between the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the single cells in the battery pack, the minimum voltage of the single cells in the battery pack, The number of voltage sampling and open circuit faults of the battery pack, the failure parameters of temperature measurement and sensor, and the failure parameters of battery monitoring communication.
  • the number of open-circuit faults in voltage sampling of the battery pack refers to the number of open-circuit faults in the voltage sampling of each single cell in the battery pack.
  • the temperature sensing failure parameter can characterize whether the sensor or sensing component used for temperature measurement fails. For example, a negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor is provided in the battery pack, and the temperature sensing failure parameter can indicate whether the NTC thermistor provided in the battery pack has completely failed.
  • NTC negative temperature coefficient
  • the cell monitoring communication failure parameter can indicate whether the communication between the component that monitors the single cell and the BMU fails (that is, whether it is lost).
  • the single cells of the battery pack are equipped with a cell supervision circuit (Cell Supervision Circuit, CSC), and the cell monitoring communication failure parameter can indicate whether the communication between the CSC and the BMU fails.
  • CSC Cell Supervision Circuit
  • Fault conditions include parameters exceeding the safety parameter threshold range or parameter characterization failure.
  • the safety parameter threshold range corresponding to the highest temperature of the single cell in the battery pack may specifically be the highest temperature safety threshold range.
  • the safety parameter threshold range corresponding to the temperature change speed of the single cells in the battery pack may specifically be a temperature change speed safety threshold range.
  • the safety parameter threshold range corresponding to the difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the single cells in the battery pack may specifically be a temperature difference safety threshold range.
  • the safety parameter threshold range corresponding to the minimum voltage of the single cell in the battery pack may specifically be the minimum voltage safety threshold range.
  • the safety parameter threshold value range corresponding to the number of voltage sampling open circuit faults of the battery pack may specifically be a fault data safety threshold value range.
  • fault conditions can be set according to specific work scenarios and work requirements, and are not limited here.
  • thermo runaway of the battery pack when it is determined that the cable-type temperature sensing wire is disconnected.
  • the conditions for determining the thermal runaway of the battery pack include but are not limited to the following examples.
  • Example 1 Within 10 minutes, it is determined that the cable-type temperature sensing wire is disconnected, and the maximum temperature of the single cell in the battery pack is greater than 68.4°C for 2 seconds, which can determine that the battery pack is thermally out of control.
  • Example 2 Within 10 minutes, it is determined that the cable-type temperature sensing wire is disconnected, and the temperature change rate of the single cell in the battery pack lasts for 2 seconds and is greater than 3°C/sec. It can be determined that the battery pack is thermally out of control.
  • Example 3 Within 10 minutes, it is determined that the cable-type temperature sensing wire is disconnected, and the difference between the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the single cells in the battery pack is greater than 30°C, which can determine that the battery pack is thermally out of control.
  • Example 4 Within 10 minutes, it is determined that the cable-type temperature sensing wire is disconnected, and the minimum voltage of the single cell in the battery pack is less than 2V for 300 milliseconds. It can be determined that the battery pack is thermally out of control.
  • Example 5 Within 10 minutes, it is determined that the cable-type temperature sensing wire is disconnected, and the number of voltage sampling disconnection faults of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 1, and it can be determined that the battery pack is thermally out of control.
  • Example 6 within 10 minutes, it is determined that the cable-type temperature sensing wire is disconnected, and the temperature sensing failure parameter can indicate the complete failure of the NTC thermistor set in the battery pack, and it can be determined that the battery pack is thermally out of control.
  • Example 7 within 10 minutes, it is determined that the cable-type temperature sensing wire is disconnected, and the cell monitoring communication failure parameter can indicate the communication failure between the CSC and the BMU, and it can be determined that the battery pack has thermal runaway.
  • the first sampling data and the second sampling data are specifically voltages, correspondingly, the first normal data threshold range is specifically the first normal voltage threshold range, and the second normal data threshold range is specifically the second normal voltage threshold range.
  • the processing module P3 is specifically configured to: if the first sampled data is within the first normal voltage threshold range and the second sampled data is within the second normal voltage threshold range, determine the normal passage of the cable-type temperature sensing wire; if the cable-type temperature sensing wire is normal And at least one of the parameters of the battery pack meets the fault condition, it is determined that the battery pack has thermal runaway. In this example, other thermal runaway detection data is needed to help determine whether the battery pack has thermal runaway, so as to improve the reliability of thermal runaway detection.
  • a set of parameters includes at least two parameters.
  • Fault conditions include parameters exceeding the safety parameter threshold range or parameter characterization failure.
  • the first normal voltage threshold range and the second normal voltage threshold range can be based on the voltage provided by the first power supply terminal, the resistance of the first voltage dividing resistor set, the resistance of the terminal resistor, the resistance of the second voltage dividing resistor set, and the Accept the determination of the error fluctuation range.
  • the above set of parameters includes any of the following sets of parameters:
  • fault conditions can be set according to specific work scenarios and work requirements, and are not limited here.
  • parameters and their corresponding fault conditions are listed below. If at least one set of parameters meets its own corresponding fault conditions, it can be determined that the battery pack is thermally out of control. At least one set of parameters satisfying its own corresponding fault conditions can further improve the reliability of thermal runaway detection. It should be noted that the parameters and fault conditions in the embodiments of the present application include but are not limited to the following parameters.
  • the first set of parameters and its fault conditions the minimum voltage of the single cells in the battery pack lasts 300 milliseconds and is less than 2V, and the highest temperature of the single cells in the battery pack lasts 2 seconds and is greater than 68°C.
  • the second set of parameters and its fault conditions the minimum voltage of the single cells in the battery pack lasts for 300 milliseconds and is less than 2V, and the temperature change rate of the single cells in the battery pack lasts for 2 seconds and is greater than 3°C/sec.
  • the third group of parameters and its fault conditions the minimum voltage of the single cells in the battery pack lasts for 300 milliseconds and is less than 2V, and the difference between the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the single cells in the battery pack is greater than 30°C.
  • the fourth group of parameters and its fault conditions the temperature change rate of the single cells in the battery pack lasts for 2 seconds greater than 3°C/sec, and the maximum temperature of the single cells in the battery pack lasts for 2 seconds greater than 68°C.
  • the fifth group of parameters and its fault conditions the temperature change rate of the single cells in the battery pack lasts for 2 seconds greater than 3°C/sec, and the difference between the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the single cells in the battery pack is greater than 30°C.
  • the sixth group of parameters and its fault conditions the number of voltage sampling open circuit faults of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 1, and the maximum temperature of the single cell in the battery pack is greater than 68°C for 2 seconds.
  • the seventh set of parameters and its fault conditions the number of voltage sampling open circuit faults of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 1, and the temperature change rate of the single cells in the battery pack lasts for 2 seconds and is greater than 3°C/sec.
  • the eighth group of parameters and its fault conditions the number of voltage sampling open circuit faults of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 1, and the difference between the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the single cell in the battery pack is greater than 30°C.
  • the ninth group of parameters and its fault conditions the number of voltage sampling open-circuit faults of the battery pack is greater than or equal to 1, and the temperature sensing failure parameter indicates that the NTC thermistor set in the battery pack has completely failed.
  • the thermal runaway detection data also includes battery pack parameters.
  • the battery pack parameters include the maximum voltage of the single cells in the battery pack during the charging process, the actual state of charge of the battery pack during the charging process, and the charging current of the battery pack during the charging process.
  • Fault conditions include parameters outside the safety parameter threshold range.
  • the processing module P3 is further configured to: if the first sampled data is within a first normal data threshold range and the second sampled data is within a second normal data threshold range, determine the normal path of the cable-type temperature sensing wire; if The cable-type temperature sensing line is in normal passage, and the battery pack parameters meet the fault conditions, and a thermal runaway warning message is issued,
  • the maximum voltage of the single cell in the battery pack during the charging process exceeds the voltage safety parameter threshold range, and the actual state of charge of the battery pack during the charging process exceeds the state of charge safety parameter Threshold range, and the charging current of the battery pack during the charging process exceeds the current safety parameter threshold range, which can predict the imminent thermal runaway of the battery pack.
  • An early warning message for thermal runaway can be issued, so that corresponding measures can be taken in advance to avoid thermal runaway and further improve the safety of the battery pack.
  • the maximum voltage of the single cells in the battery pack is greater than 1.1 times the three-level overvoltage threshold, the actual state of charge of the battery pack is greater than 115%, and the charging current is greater than or equal to 0.33 times the 1-hour rate
  • the rated charging current can predict the imminent thermal runaway, and send the thermal runaway warning message.
  • the processing module P3 can send out a thermal runaway detection fault prompt message.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a thermal runaway detection method in an embodiment of the application. As shown in Fig. 4, the thermal runaway detection method includes steps S101 to S102.
  • step S101 the processing module obtains thermal runaway detection data.
  • the thermal runaway detection data includes first sampling data collected from the first sampling point and second sampling data collected from the second sampling point.
  • the first sampling point is set between the other end of the first voltage divider resistor set and the terminal resistor.
  • the second sampling point is arranged between the other end of the second voltage divider resistor set and the terminal resistor.
  • step S102 the processing module determines whether thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack based on the thermal runaway detection data.
  • the thermal runaway detection circuit includes an induction module, a detection module, and a processing module.
  • the terminal resistor in the sensing module is connected with a cable-type temperature sensing wire, and the terminal resistor is connected in series with the first and second voltage dividing resistor sets through the cable-type temperature sensing wire.
  • the distance between at least a part of the cable-type temperature sensing wire and the single cell in the battery pack is less than the temperature sensing distance threshold, so that the cable-type temperature sensing wire is affected by the temperature of the single cell in the battery pack.
  • the cable-type temperature sensing wire is affected by the temperature of the single cell, and the on-off state of the cable-type temperature sensing wire will change, thereby changing the first sampling data and the second sampling data in the acquired thermal runaway detection data.
  • the processing module determines whether the battery pack has thermal runaway according to the thermal runaway detection data, so that the thermal runaway of the battery pack is detected in time, which improves the safety of the battery pack.
  • the above step S102 can be specifically refined as: the processing module determines the on-off state of the cable-type temperature sensing wire according to the first sampled data and the second sampled data, and the on-off state includes short circuit, open circuit or normal path. The processing module determines whether the battery pack has thermal runaway based on the on-off status of the cable-type temperature sensing wire.
  • the first sampling data and the second sampling data are voltage values.
  • the above step S102 can be specifically refined as follows: if the first sampling data is equal to the second sampling data, the processing module determines that the cable-type temperature sensing wire is short-circuited. If the cable-type temperature sensing wire is short-circuited, the processing module determines that the battery pack is thermally out of control.
  • the thermal runaway detection data also includes battery pack parameters.
  • the battery pack parameters include one or more of the following parameters: the highest temperature of the single cells in the battery pack, the temperature change speed of the single cells in the battery pack, and the single cells in the battery pack The difference between the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the battery pack, the minimum voltage of the single cell in the battery pack, the number of voltage sampling and open circuit faults of the battery pack, the temperature measurement sensor failure parameter, and the battery cell monitoring communication failure parameter.
  • Fault conditions include parameters exceeding the safety parameter threshold range or parameter characterization failure.
  • step S102 can be specifically refined as follows: if the first sampled data is the same as the data provided by the first power supply terminal, and the second sampled data is the same as the data provided by the ground, the processing module determines that the cable-type temperature sensing wire is disconnected. If it is determined that the cable-type temperature sensing wire is disconnected within the preset time period and at least one parameter in the battery pack parameter item satisfies the fault condition, the processing module determines that the battery pack is thermally out of control.
  • the thermal runaway detection data also includes battery pack parameters.
  • step S102 can be specifically refined as follows: if the first sampled data is within the first normal data threshold range and the second sampled data is within the second normal data threshold range, the processing module determines the normal path of the cable-type temperature sensing wire. If the cable-type temperature sensing wire is in a normal path and at least one of the parameters of the battery pack meets the fault condition, the processing module determines that the battery pack is thermally out of control.
  • a set of parameters includes at least two parameters.
  • a set of parameters includes any of the following sets of parameters: the minimum voltage of a single cell in the battery pack and the highest temperature of a single cell in the battery pack, and the minimum voltage of a single cell in the battery pack and the single cell in the battery pack.
  • the temperature change speed of the single cell in the battery pack is the difference between the minimum voltage of the single cell in the battery pack and the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the single cell in the battery pack.
  • the maximum temperature of the battery cell The maximum temperature of the battery cell, the difference between the temperature change rate of the single cell in the battery pack and the maximum temperature and the minimum temperature of the single cell in the battery pack, the number of voltage sampling open-circuit failures of the battery pack and the number of single cells in the battery pack.
  • the maximum temperature, the number of voltage sampling open circuit faults of the battery pack and the temperature change speed of the single cells in the battery pack, the difference between the number of voltage sampling open circuit faults of the battery pack and the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the single cells in the battery pack, the battery The number of voltage sampling open circuit faults and the temperature measurement sensor failure parameters of the group.
  • Fault conditions include parameters exceeding the safety parameter threshold range or parameter characterization failure.
  • the thermal runaway detection data also includes battery pack parameters.
  • the battery pack parameters include the maximum voltage of the single cells in the battery pack during the charging process, the actual state of charge of the battery pack during the charging process, and the battery pack's actual state of charge during the charging process. recharging current. Fault conditions include parameters outside the safety parameter threshold range.
  • the thermal runaway detection method may further include: if the first sampled data is within the first normal data threshold range and the second sampled data is within the second normal data threshold range, determining the normal path of the cable-type temperature sensing wire; If the line is normally connected and the battery pack parameters meet the fault conditions, a thermal runaway warning message will be issued.
  • the above-mentioned detection module further includes a sleep wake-up sub-module.
  • Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a thermal runaway detection method in another embodiment of the application. The difference between FIG. 5 and FIG. 4 is that the thermal runaway detection method described above may further include step S103 and step S104.
  • step S103 if the battery management unit is in the sleep state, the power module of the battery management unit receives the wake-up signal sent by the sleep wake-up submodule, and controls the battery management unit to switch from the sleep state to the working state.
  • the wake-up signal is sent by the dormancy wake-up sub-module being turned on.
  • step S104 if it is determined that the battery pack has a thermal runaway, the processing module sends an alarm signal to the vehicle controller.
  • An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the thermal runaway detection method in the foregoing embodiment can be implemented.

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Abstract

本申请提供了一种热失控检测电路及方法，涉及电池技术领域。该热失控检测电路，包括：感应模块包括终端电阻，终端电阻连接有缆式感温线，缆式感温线的至少一部分与电池组中单体电芯的距离小于感温距离阈值；检测模块包括第一分压电阻集合和第二分压电阻集合，第一分压电阻集合、终端电阻和第二分压电阻集合通过缆式感温线串联，第一分压电阻集合的一端与第一供电端连接，第二分压电阻集合的一端与地连接；处理模块与检测模块连接，处理模块用于获取热失控检测数据，根据热失控检测数据，确定电池组是否发生热失控，其中，热失控检测数据包括第一采样数据和第二采样数据。利用本申请的技术方案能够提高电池组的安全性。

Description

热失控检测电路及方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求享有于2019年4月30日提交的名称为“热失控检测电路及方法”的中国专利申请201910363818.2的优先权，该申请的全部内容通过引用并入本文中。
技术领域
本申请属于电池技术领域，尤其涉及一种热失控检测电路及方法。
背景技术
随着新能源的快速发展，新能源可以为越来越多的设备提供动力，比如电池组可作为动力源为新能源汽车、新能源船舶、新能源飞机等等提供动力。电池组在工作过程中会产生热量。在常态下，电池组产生的热量是可控的。但是，在非常态，如碰撞、过充电等状态下，电池组的产生的热量是不可控的，导致发生热失控。一旦发生热失控，可能会导致火灾，威胁到电池组、安装有电池组的设备的安全以及相关人员的人身安全。
为了提高电池组的安全性，现阶段通过电池管理系统(Battery Management System，BMS)监控电压或温度的变化来判定是否发生热失控。但是，在发生热失控的条件下，用于与BMS进行通信的电路板或监控单元可能被热失控产生的高温电解液溅射到并被烧毁。从而使BMS无法检测到热失控，降低了电池组的安全性。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供了一种热失控检测电路及方法，能够提高电池组的安全性。
第一方面，本申请实施例提供了一种热失控检测电路，包括：感应模 块，感应模块包括终端电阻，终端电阻连接有缆式感温线，缆式感温线的至少一部分与电池组中单体电芯的距离小于感温距离阈值；检测模块，检测模块包括第一分压电阻集合和第二分压电阻集合，第一分压电阻集合、终端电阻和第二分压电阻集合通过缆式感温线串联，第一分压电阻集合的一端与第一供电端连接，第二分压电阻集合的一端与地连接；处理模块，处理模块与检测模块连接，处理模块用于获取热失控检测数据，根据热失控检测数据，确定电池组是否发生热失控，其中，热失控检测数据包括从第一采样点采集的第一采样数据和从第二采样点采集的第二采样数据，第一采样点设置于第一分压电阻集合的另一端和终端电阻之间，第二采样点设置于第二分压电阻集合的另一端和终端电阻之间。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供了一种热失控检测方法，应用第一方面中的热失控检测电路，方法包括：处理模块获取热失控检测数据；处理模块根据热失控检测数据，确定电池组是否发生热失控；其中，热失控检测数据包括从第一采样点采集的第一采样数据和从第二采样点采集的第二采样数据，第一采样点设置于第一分压电阻集合的另一端和终端电阻之间，第二采样点设置于第二分压电阻集合的另一端和终端电阻之间。
本申请实施例提供一种热失控检测电路及方法，热失控检测电路包括感应模块、检测模块和处理模块。感应模块中的终端电阻连接有缆式感温线，终端电阻通过缆式感温线与第一分压电阻集合、第二分压电阻集合串联。且缆式感温线的至少一部分与电池组中单体电芯的距离小于感温距离阈值，使得缆式感温线受到电池组中单体电芯的温度的影响。缆式感温线受到单体电芯的温度的影响，缆式感温线的通断状态会发生变化，从而使得获取的热失控检测数据中的第一采样数据和第二采样数据发生变化。处理模块根据热失控检测数据，可及时检测到电池组的热失控，提高了电池组的安全性。
附图说明
从下面结合附图对本申请的具体实施方式的描述中可以更好地理解本申请其中，相同或相似的附图标记表示相同或相似的特征。
图1为本申请一实施例中一种热失控检测电路的结构示意图；
图2为本申请另一实施例中一种热失控检测电路的结构示意图；
图3为本申请又一实施例中一种热失控检测电路的结构示意图；
图4为本申请一实施例中一种热失控检测方法的流程图；
图5为本申请另一实施例中一种热失控检测方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面将详细描述本申请的各个方面的特征和示例性实施例。在下面的详细描述中，提出了许多具体细节，以便提供对本申请的全面理解。但是，对于本领域技术人员来说很明显的是，本申请可以在不需要这些具体细节中的一些细节的情况下实施。下面对实施例的描述仅仅是为了通过示出本申请的示例来提供对本申请的更好的理解。本申请决不限于下面所提出的任何具体配置和算法，而是在不脱离本申请的精神的前提下覆盖了元素、部件和算法的任何修改、替换和改进。在附图和下面的描述中，没有示出公知的结构和技术，以便避免对本申请造成不必要的模糊。
本申请实施例提供了一种热失控检测电路、方法及存储介质，可用于对电池组进行热失控的监控的场景中。电池组包括至少一个单体电芯。电池组可为电池模组、电池包等等，在此并不限定。在本申请实施例中，热失控检测电路可及时检测到电池组发生热失控的情况，便于后续过程中及时采取对应的措施，提高电池组的安全性。
图1为本申请一实施例中一种热失控检测电路的结构示意图。如图所示，该热失控检测电路包括感应模块P1、检测模块P2和处理模块P3。
感应模块P1包括终端电阻。终端电阻连接有缆式感温线，缆式感温线的至少一部分与电池组中电芯的距离小于感温距离阈值。
缆式感温线内部包裹热敏材料的两条钢丝为双绞线结构。比如，如图1所示，为了便于理解，将缆式感温线以两条钢丝a和b分开表示，在实际场景中，两条钢丝a和b位于同一条缆式感温线中。正常情况下，缆式感温线内的两条钢丝并不相交。当缆式感温线有部位的温度骤升且超过高温阈值的时候，热敏材料相互熔融，使得缆式感温线内的两条钢丝在扭力 的作用下被绞断并连接在一起，从而造成缆式感温线的短路。高温阈值可根据具体的工作场景和工作需求设定，在此并不限定。比如，高温阈值可以为85℃、105℃或125℃等。
感温距离阈值为缆式感温线能够敏感地感应到电池组中单体电芯的温度高于温度阈值的距离阈值。缆式感温线与电池组中单体电芯的距离小于感温距离阈值的情况下，缆式感温线被引发通断状态发生变化对应的温度与电池组中单体电芯的实际温度之间的误差在可接受范围内。感温距离阈值可根据缆式感温线的自身特性参数、单体电芯的自身特性参数，结合具体工作场景和工作需求设定，在此并不限定。
在一些示例中，为了能够更加及时地检测到电池组的热失控，缆式感温线的至少一部分可设置于电池组中的单体电芯的电芯防爆阀口正上方。由于电池组发生热失控，电芯防爆阀会发生破裂，高温电解液、高温气体等会从电芯的防爆阀口喷出。缆式感温线的至少一部分设置于电池组中的单体电芯的电芯防爆阀口正上方，能够使缆式感温线对电池组的热失控感应更加敏感，从而进一步提高热失控检测的准确性和及时性。
检测模块P2包括第一分压电阻集合和第二分压电阻集合。第一分压电阻集合的一端与第一供电端连接，第二分压电阻集合的一端与地连接。第一分压电阻集合、终端电阻和第二分压电阻集合通过缆式感温线串联。具体的，终端电阻连接的缆式感温线中一条钢丝与第一分压电阻集合的另一端连接，缆式感温线中的另一条钢丝与第二分压电阻集合的另一端连接。
第一分压电阻集合包括至少一个电阻。若第一分压电阻集合包括多个电阻，电阻的数目及连接关系在此并不限定。第二分压电阻集合包括至少一个电阻。若第一分压电阻集合包括多个电阻，电阻的数目及连接关系在此并不限定。第一分压电阻集合和第二分压电阻集合的具体结构可根据具体工作场景和工作需求设定，在此并不限定。
比如，如图1所示，第一分压电阻集合包括电阻R1，第二分压电阻集合包括电阻R2，终端电阻为电阻R3。电阻R1、电阻R3和电阻R2串联。且电阻R1与电阻R3之间通过缆式感温线中的钢丝a连接，电阻R2 与电阻R3之间通过缆式感温线中的钢丝b连接。
在一些示例中，检测模块P2具体可设置在电池管理单元(Battery Management Unit，BMU)中。BMU具有外壳结构，具有保护作用，检测模块P2能够避免被发生热失控的电池组产生的高温电解液溅射到。或者，对检测模块P2的具体设置位置并不做限定，为检测模块P2配置保护罩，避免被发生热失控的电池组产生的高温电解液溅射到检测模块P2。从而进一步保证对热失控检测的及时性和热失控检测电路的安全性。
处理模块P3与检测模块P2连接，处理模块P3用于获取热失控检测数据，根据热失控检测数据，确定电池组是否发生热失控。
其中，热失控检测数据包括从第一采样点采集的第一采样数据和从第二采样点采集的第二采样数据。第一采样点设置于第一分压电阻集合的另一端和终端电阻之间。第二采样点设置于第二分压电阻集合的另一端和终端电阻之间。如图1所示，第一采样点标记为AD1，第二采样点标记为AD2。具体的，可以在第一采样点和第二采样点分别设置采样端口。
在一些示例中，处理模块P3具体可为BMU中的微控制单元(Micro Control Unit，MCU)，处理模块P3也可独立设置，在此并不限定。
第一采样数据和第二采样数据具体可以为电信号参数数据，比如电压值、电流值等等，在此并不限定。
根据第一采样数据和第二采样数据，可确定缆式感温线的通断状态，即确定缆式感温线短路、断路或正常通路。
在一些示例中，可根据缆式感温线的通断状态直接确定电池组是否发生热失控。为了进一步提高检测热失控的准确性，除了第一采样数据和第二采样数据，还可结合其他的热失控检测数据，共同确定电池组是否发生热失控。
在本申请实施例中，热失控检测电路包括感应模块P1、检测模块P2和处理模块P3。感应模块P1中的终端电阻连接有缆式感温线，终端电阻通过缆式感温线与第一分压电阻集合、第二分压电阻集合串联。且缆式感温线的至少一部分与电池组中单体电芯的距离小于感温距离阈值，使得缆式感温线受到电池组中单体电芯的温度的影响。缆式感温线受到单体电芯 的温度的影响，缆式感温线的通断状态会发生变化，从而使得从检测模块P2获取的热失控检测数据中的第一采样数据和第二采样数据发生变化。处理模块P3根据热失控检测数据，可及时检测到电池组的热失控，提高了电池组的安全性。
在一些示例中，BMU的状态包括工作状态和休眠状态。BMU处于工作状态，BMU的电源模块为BMU供电，使BMU能够正常进行对电池组的数据监测，比如电压监测、电流监测、温度监测、绝缘监测、荷电状态监测等，可获取电压、电流、温度、荷电状态等作为热失控检测数据。BMU处于休眠状态，BMU的电源模块停止为BMU供电，BMU停止对电池组的数据监测。
若在BMU处于休眠状态的过程中，电池组发生了热失控，BMU停止对电池组的数据监测，也不能够提供热失控检测数据。若处理模块P3的功能集成在BMU中，BMU处于休眠状态中，也无法进行热失控的检测确定。
为了在BMU处于休眠状态的过程中，也能进行热失控的检测以及在热失控检测的过程中获取热失控检测数据。上述实施例中的检测模块P2还包括休眠唤醒子模块P21。图2为本申请另一实施例中一种热失控检测电路的结构示意图(未示出处理模块P3)。如图2所示，检测模块P2还包括休眠唤醒子模块P21。
休眠唤醒子模块P21与第二分压电阻集合的另一端连接。休眠唤醒子模块P21用于接收感应模块P1传输来的驱动信号，若驱动信号指示休眠唤醒子模块P21导通，向电池管理单元的电源模块发送唤醒信号。具体的，若感应模块P1中终端电阻连接的缆式感温线正常通路或断路，则缆式感温线传递来的驱动信号控制休眠唤醒子模块P21断开，BMU仍然处于休眠状态。若感应模块P1中终端电阻连接的缆式感温线短路，则缆式感温线传递来的驱动信号控制休眠唤醒子模块P21导通，向BMU的电源模块发送唤醒信号。BMU的电源模块接收到唤醒信号，BMU从休眠状态切换至工作状态。
在一些示例中，休眠唤醒子模块P21包括第一电阻集合、第一开关 管、第二电阻集合、第二开关管和第三电阻集合。第一电阻集合包括至少一个电阻。若第一电阻集合包括多个电阻，则电阻的数目和连接关系在此并不限定。第二电阻集合、第三电阻集合与第一电阻集合同理，在此不再赘述。第一开关管、第二开关管可以为金属-氧化物-半导体(metal oxide semiconductor，MOS)管或其他开关管，在此并不限定。
第一电阻集合的一端与第二供电端连接，第一电阻集合的另一端与第一开关管的第一端、第二开关管的控制端连接。第一开关管的控制端与第二分压电阻集合的另一端连接，第一开关管的第二端与地连接。第二电阻集合的一端与第三供电端连接，第二电阻集合的另一端与第二开关管的第一端连接。第二开关管的第二端与第三电阻集合的一端、电池管理单元的电源模块连接。第三电阻集合的另一端与地连接。电源模块具体可实现为电源芯片，比如系统基础芯片(System Basis Chip，SBC)等，在此并不限定。第一供电端、第二供电端、第三供电端提供的电压可以相同，也可以不同，在此并不限定。比如，第一供电端、第二供电端、第三供电端可提供5V的电压，若电池组及热失控检测电路安装在动力汽车中，第一供电端、第二供电端、第三供电端5V的电压可由动力汽车中的铅酸蓄电池提供。
比如，如图2所示，第一电阻集合包括电阻R4，第二电阻集合包括电阻R5，第三电阻集合包括电阻R6。第一开关管为N沟道MOS管Q1，第一开关管Q1的控制端为栅极，第一端为漏极，第二端为源极。第二开关管为P沟道MOS管Q2，第二开关管Q2的控制端为栅极，第一端为源极，第二端为漏极。
比如，BMU处于休眠状态。电池组发生热失控，缆式感温线被熔融发生短路。第一开关管的控制端的电位被拉高，第一开关管导通。第二开关管的控制端的电位被拉低至第一开关管的导通压降，第二开关管导通。可通过第二开关管的第二端与BMU的电源模块之间的唤醒信号线向该电源模块发送唤醒信号，以唤醒BMU。
需要说明的是，若BMU处于工作状态，则有第四供电端持续向BMU的电源模块提供唤醒信号。第四供电端在BMU处于工作状态时上电，从 而保证向BMU持续提供唤醒信号。第四供电端在BMU处于休眠状态时下电，由休眠唤醒子模块P21唤醒BMU。如图2所示，可在第四供电端V4与BMU之间设置电阻R7。第四供电端提供的电压的值与第一供电端提供的电压的值可以相同，也可以不同，在此并不限定。比如，第四供电端提供的电压为12V。
图3为本申请又一实施例中一种热失控检测电路的结构示意图(未示出处理模块P3)。图3与图2的不同之处在于，图3所示的热失控检测电路还包括一些保护器件和/或滤波器件。
热失控检测电路还可包括第一保护电容和/或第二保护电容。热失控检测电路还可包括第一滤波电容和第一滤波电阻，和/或，第二滤波电容和第二滤波电阻。为了便于说明，如图3所示，以热失控检测电路包括第一保护电容C1、第二保护电容C2、第一滤波电容C3、第二滤波电容C4、第一滤波电阻R8和第二滤波电阻R9为例进行说明。
其中，第一保护电容的一端与第一分压电阻集合的另一端连接，第一保护电容的另一端与地连接。第二保护电容的一端与第二分压电阻集合的另一端连接，第二保护电容的另一端与地连接。第一保护电容和第二保护电容可防止热失控检测电路出现静电释放(Electro Static Discharge，ESD)的情况。
比如，如图3所示，第一保护电容C1的一端与电阻R1的另一端连接，第一保护电容C1的另一端与地连接。第二保护电容C2的一端与电阻R2的另一端连接，第二保护电容C2的另一端与地连接。
第一滤波电容的一端与第一采样点连接，第一滤波电容的另一端与地连接。第二滤波电容的一端与第二采样点连接，第二滤波电容的另一端与地连接。第一滤波电阻的一端与第一分压电阻集合的另一端连接，第一滤波电阻的另一端与第一采样点连接。第二滤波电阻的一端与第二分压电阻集合的另一端连接，第二滤波电阻的另一端与第二采样点连接。第一滤波电容和第一滤波电阻可形成RC滤波电路对第一采样数据进行滤波，第二滤波电容和第二滤波电阻可形成RC滤波电路对第二采样数据进行滤波，以提高第一采样数据和第二采样数据的精确度，从而提高热失控检测的精 确度。
比如，如图3所示，第一滤波电容C3的一端与第一采样点AD1连接，第一滤波电容C3的另一端与地连接。第二滤波电容C4的一端与第二采样点AD2连接，第二滤波电容C4的另一端与地连接。第一滤波电阻R8的一端与电阻R1的另一端连接，第一滤波电阻R8的另一端与第一采样点AD1连接。第二滤波电阻R9的一端与电阻R2的另一端连接，第二滤波电阻R9的另一端与第二采样点AD2连接。
在一些示例中，上述处理模块P3还用于若确定电池组发生热失控，向整车控制器发送告警信号，以通知相关人员，可及时采取对应措施。
在本申请实施例中，处理模块P3可具体用于根据第一采样数据和第二采样数据，确定缆式感温线的通断状态。通断状态包括短路、断路或正常通路。
为了便于说明，下面以第一采样数据和第二采样数据为电压值为例进行热失控检测的说明。
在一些示例中，上述处理模块P3具体用于若第一采样数据与第二采样数据相等，确定缆式感温线发生短路；若缆式感温线发生短路，确定电池组发生热失控。
如图1至图3所示，若第一采样点的电压值等于第二采样点的电压值，则可确定缆式感温线发生短路。由于缆式感温线发生短路的条件比较严苛，在非热失控的情况下缆式感温线一般不会发生短路。因此若缆式感温线发生短路，可确定电池组发生热失控。
在一些示例中，上述热失控检测数据还可包括电池组参数。
处理模块P3具体用于：若第一采样数据与第一供电端提供的电压的值相同，第二采样数据为零，确定缆式感温线发生断路；若在预设时长内，确定缆式感温线发生断路，且电池组参数中的至少一个参数满足故障条件，确定电池组发生热失控。
比如，第一供电端提供的电压为5V，若从第一采样点采集的电压值为5V，从第二采样点采集的电压值为0V，可确定缆式感温线发生断路。
预设时长可根据具体工作场景和工作需求设定，在此并不限定。设定 预设时长可以有效地避免至少一部分热失控的误判，提高热失控检测的可靠性。
电池组参数可包括以下的一个或几个参数：
电池组中单体电芯的最高温度、电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度、电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差、电池组中单体电芯的最小电压、电池组的电压采样断路故障数目、测温传感失效参数、电芯监控通讯失效参数。
其中，电池组的电压采样断路故障数目指电池组中对各个单体电芯的电压采样出现的断路故障的数目。
测温传感失效参数可表征用于测温的传感器或传感部件是否失效。比如，电池组内设置有负温度系数(Negative Temperature Coefficient，NTC)热敏电阻，测温传感失效参数可表征设置在电池组内的NTC热敏电阻是否完全失效。
电芯监控通讯失效参数可表征对单体电芯进行监控的部件与BMU之间的通讯是否失效(即是否丢失)。比如，电池组的单体电芯配置有电芯监控单元(Cell Supervision Circuit，CSC)，电芯监控通讯失效参数可表征CSC与BMU之间的通讯是否失效。
故障条件包括参数超出安全参数阈值范围或参数表征失效。
与电池组参数项中的各个参数对应，具有不同的安全参数阈值范围。与电池组中单体电芯的最高温度对应的安全参数阈值范围具体可为最高温度安全阈值范围。与电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度对应的安全参数阈值范围具体可为温度变化速度安全阈值范围。与电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差对应的安全参数阈值范围具体可为温差安全阈值范围。与电池组中单体电芯的最小电压对应的安全参数阈值范围具体可为最小电压安全阈值范围。与电池组的电压采样断路故障数目对应的安全参数阈值范围具体可为故障数据安全阈值范围。
需要说明的是，故障条件可根据具体的工作场景和工作需求设定，在此并不限定。
比如，以下举七个在确定缆式感温线发生断路的情况下，确定电池组 发生热失控的示例。但需要注意的是，确定电池组发生热失控的情况包括但不限于以下示例。
示例一：在10分钟内，确定缆式感温线发生断路，且电池组中单体电芯的最高温度持续2秒大于68.4℃，可确定电池组发生热失控。
示例二：在10分钟内，确定缆式感温线发生断路，且电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度持续2秒大于3℃/秒，可确定电池组发生热失控。
示例三：在10分钟内，确定缆式感温线发生断路，且电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差大于30℃，可确定电池组发生热失控。
示例四：在10分钟内，确定缆式感温线发生断路，且电池组中单体电芯的最小电压持续300毫秒小于2V，可确定电池组发生热失控。
示例五：在10分钟内，确定缆式感温线发生断路，且电池组的电压采样断路故障数目大于等于1，可确定电池组发生热失控。
示例六，在10分钟内，确定缆式感温线发生断路，且测温传感失效参数可表征设置在电池组内的NTC热敏电阻完全失效，可确定电池组发生热失控。
示例七，在10分钟内，确定缆式感温线发生断路，且电芯监控通讯失效参数可表征CSC与BMU之间的通讯失效，可确定电池组发生热失控。
在一些示例中，第一采样数据和第二采样数据具体为电压，对应的，第一正常数据阈值范围具体为第一正常电压阈值范围，第二正常数据阈值范围具体为第二正常电压阈值范围。处理模块P3具体用于：若第一采样数据处于第一正常电压阈值范围内，第二采样数据处于第二正常电压阈值范围内，确定缆式感温线正常通路；若缆式感温线正常通路，且电池组参数中的至少一组参数满足故障条件，确定电池组发生热失控。在本示例中，需要其他热失控检测数据协助确定电池组是否发生热失控，以提高热失控检测的可靠性。
其中，一组参数包括至少两个参数。故障条件包括参数超出安全参数阈值范围或参数表征失效。
第一正常电压阈值范围和第二正常电压阈值范围可以根据第一供电端 提供的电压、第一分压电阻集合的阻值、终端电阻的阻值、第二分压电阻集合的阻值以及可接受误差波动范围确定。
上述一组参数包括以下任意一组参数：
电池组中单体电芯的最小电压与电池组中单体电芯的最高温度，电池组中单体电芯的最小电压与电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度，电池组中单体电芯的最小电压与电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差，电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度与电池组中单体电芯的最高温度，电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度与电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差，电池组的电压采样断路故障数目与电池组中单体电芯的最高温度，电池组的电压采样断路故障数目与电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度，电池组的电压采样断路故障数目与电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差，电池组的电压采样断路故障数目与测温传感失效参数。
需要说明的是，故障条件可根据具体的工作场景和工作需求设定，在此并不限定。
比如，作为示例，下面列出多个参数及其对应的故障条件，若至少一组参数满足自身对应的故障条件，可确定电池组发生热失控。至少一组参数满足自身对应的故障条件可进一步提高热失控检测的可靠性。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中的参数和故障条件包括但并不限于下面的参数。
第一组参数及其故障条件：电池组中单体电芯的最小电压持续300毫秒小于2V，且电池组中单体电芯的最高温度持续2秒大于68℃。
第二组参数及其故障条件：电池组中单体电芯的最小电压持续300毫秒小于2V，且电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度持续2秒大于3℃/秒。
第三组参数及其故障条件：电池组中单体电芯的最小电压持续300毫秒小于2V，且电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差大于30℃。
第四组参数及其故障条件：电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度持续2秒大于3℃/秒，且电池组中单体电芯的最高温度持续2秒大于68℃。
第五组参数及其故障条件：电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度持续2秒大于3℃/秒，且电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差大于30℃。
第六组参数及其故障条件：电池组的电压采样断路故障数目大于等于1，且电池组中单体电芯的最高温度持续2秒大于68℃。
第七组参数及其故障条件：电池组的电压采样断路故障数目大于等于1，且电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度持续2秒大于3℃/秒。
第八组参数及其故障条件：电池组的电压采样断路故障数目大于等于1，电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差大于30℃。
第九组参数及其故障条件：电池组的电压采样断路故障数目大于等于1，且测温传感失效参数表征设置在电池组内的NTC热敏电阻完全失效。
若上述九组参数中至少一组参数满足这一组参数对应的故障条件，可确定电池组发生热失控。
在一些示例中，热失控检测数据还包括电池组参数。所述电池组参数包括充电过程中所述电池组中单体电芯的最大电压、充电过程中所述电池组的实际荷电状态和充电过程中所述电池组的充电电流。故障条件包括参数超出安全参数阈值范围。
处理模块P3还用于：若所述第一采样数据处于第一正常数据阈值范围内，所述第二采样数据处于第二正常数据阈值范围内，确定所述缆式感温线正常通路；若所述缆式感温线正常通路，且所述电池组参数满足故障条件，发出热失控预警消息，
也就是说，若确定缆式感温线正常通路，充电过程中电池组中单体电芯的最大电压超出电压安全参数阈值范围，充电过程中电池组的实际荷电状态超出荷电状态安全参数阈值范围，且充电过程中电池组的充电电流超出电流安全参数阈值范围，可预测电池组即将发生热失控。可发出热失控预警消息，从而预先采取相应的措施，避免发生热失控，进一步提高电池组的安全性。
比如，在充电过程中，若电池组中单体电芯的最大电压大于三级过压阈值的1.1倍，电池组的实际荷电状态大于115％，且充电电流大于等于0.33倍的1小时率额定充电电流，可预测即将发生热失控，发送热失控预警消息。
值得一提的是，若第一采样数据超出第一正常电压阈值范围，第二采 样数据超出第二正常电压阈值范围，第一采样数据与第二采样数据不相等，第一采样数据与第一供电端提供的电压的值不同，第二采样数据也不为零，可确定第一采样点、第二采样点出现故障。处理模块P3可向外发出热失控检测故障提示消息。
与上述实施例中的热失控检测电路对应，图4为本申请一实施例中一种热失控检测方法的流程图。如图4所示，热失控检测方法包括步骤S101至步骤S102。
在步骤S101中，处理模块获取热失控检测数据。
热失控检测数据包括从第一采样点采集的第一采样数据和从第二采样点采集的第二采样数据。如上述实施例中的热失控检测电路所示，第一采样点设置于第一分压电阻集合的另一端和终端电阻之间。第二采样点设置于第二分压电阻集合的另一端和终端电阻之间。
在步骤S102中，处理模块根据热失控检测数据，确定电池组是否发生热失控。
在本申请实施例中，热失控检测电路包括感应模块、检测模块和处理模块。感应模块中的终端电阻连接有缆式感温线，终端电阻通过缆式感温线与第一分压电阻集合、第二分压电阻集合串联。且缆式感温线的至少一部分与电池组中单体电芯的距离小于感温距离阈值，使得缆式感温线受到电池组中单体电芯的温度的影响。缆式感温线受到单体电芯的温度的影响，缆式感温线的通断状态会发生变化，从而使得获取的热失控检测数据中的第一采样数据和第二采样数据发生变化。处理模块根据热失控检测数据，确定电池组是否发生热失控，从而及时检测到电池组的热失控，提高了电池组的安全性。
在一些示例中，上述步骤S102具体可细化为：处理模块根据第一采样数据和第二采样数据，确定缆式感温线的通断状态，通断状态包括短路、断路或正常通路。处理模块基于缆式感温线的通断状态，确定电池组是否发生热失控。
在一些示例中，第一采样数据和第二采样数据为电压值。上述步骤S102具体可细化为：若第一采样数据与第二采样数据相等，处理模块确定 缆式感温线发生短路。若缆式感温线发生短路，处理模块确定电池组发生热失控。
在一些示例中，热失控检测数据还包括电池组参数。所述电池组参数包括以下的一个或几个参数：所述电池组中单体电芯的最高温度、所述电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度、所述电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差、所述电池组中单体电芯的最小电压、所述电池组的电压采样断路故障数目、测温传感失效参数、电芯监控通讯失效参数。
故障条件包括参数超出安全参数阈值范围或参数表征失效。
上述步骤S102具体可细化为：若第一采样数据与第一供电端提供的数据相同，第二采样数据为与地提供的数据相同，处理模块确定缆式感温线发生断路。若在预设时长内，确定缆式感温线发生断路，且电池组参数项中的至少一个参数满足故障条件，处理模块确定电池组发生热失控。
在一些示例中，热失控检测数据还包括电池组参数。
上述步骤S102具体可细化为：若第一采样数据处于第一正常数据阈值范围内，第二采样数据处于第二正常数据阈值范围内，处理模块确定缆式感温线正常通路。若缆式感温线正常通路，且电池组参数中的至少一组参数满足故障条件，处理模块确定电池组发生热失控。
其中，一组参数包括至少两个参数。一组参数包括以下任意一组参数：电池组中单体电芯的最小电压与电池组中单体电芯的最高温度，电池组中单体电芯的最小电压与电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度，电池组中单体电芯的最小电压与电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差，电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度与电池组中单体电芯的最高温度，电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度与电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差，电池组的电压采样断路故障数目与电池组中单体电芯的最高温度，电池组的电压采样断路故障数目与电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度，电池组的电压采样断路故障数目与电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差，电池组的电压采样断路故障数目与测温传感失效参数。
故障条件包括参数超出安全参数阈值范围或参数表征失效。
在一些示例中，热失控检测数据还包括电池组参数，电池组参数包括 充电过程中电池组中单体电芯的最大电压、充电过程中电池组的实际荷电状态和充电过程中电池组的充电电流。故障条件包括参数超出安全参数阈值范围。
上述热失控检测方法还可包括：若第一采样数据处于第一正常数据阈值范围内，第二采样数据处于第二正常数据阈值范围内，确定缆式感温线正常通路；若缆式感温线正常通路，且电池组参数满足故障条件，发出热失控预警消息。
在一些示例中，上述检测模块还包括休眠唤醒子模块。图5为本申请另一实施例中一种热失控检测方法的流程图。图5与图4的不同之处在于，上述热失控检测方法还可包括步骤S103和步骤S104。
在步骤S103中，若电池管理单元处于休眠状态，电池管理单元的电源模块接收到休眠唤醒子模块发送的唤醒信号，控制电池管理单元从休眠状态切换至工作状态。
其中，唤醒信号为休眠唤醒子模块导通所发送的。
在步骤S104中，若确定电池组发生热失控，处理模块向整车控制器发送告警信号。
上述热失控检测方法中的各个步骤的相关内容可参见上述热失控检测电路实施例中相关说明，在此不再赘述。
本申请一实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序被处理器执行时可实现上述实施例中的热失控检测方法。
需要明确的是，本说明书中的各个实施例均采用递进的方式描述，各个实施例之间相同或相似的部分互相参见即可，每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处。对于装置实施例、业务设备实施例和计算机可读存储介质实施例而言，相关之处可以参见方法实施例的说明部分。本申请并不局限于上文所描述并在图中示出的特定步骤和结构。本领域的技术人员可以在领会本申请的精神之后，作出各种改变、修改和添加，或者改变步骤之间的顺序。并且，为了简明起见，这里省略对已知方法技术的详细描述。
本领域技术人员应能理解，上述实施例均是示例性而非限制性的。在不同实施例中出现的不同技术特征可以进行组合，以取得有益效果。本领域技术人员在研究附图、说明书及权利要求书的基础上，应能理解并实现所揭示的实施例的其他变化的实施例。在权利要求书中，术语“包括”并不排除其他装置或步骤；不定冠词“一个”不排除多个；术语“第一”、“第二”用于标示名称而非用于表示任何特定的顺序。权利要求中的任何附图标记均不应被理解为对保护范围的限制。权利要求中出现的多个部分的功能可以由一个单独的硬件或软件模块来实现。某些技术特征出现在不同的从属权利要求中并不意味着不能将这些技术特征进行组合以取得有益效果。

Claims (24)

  1. 一种热失控检测电路，包括：
    感应模块，所述感应模块包括终端电阻，所述终端电阻连接有缆式感温线，所述缆式感温线的至少一部分与电池组中单体电芯的距离小于感温距离阈值；
    检测模块，所述检测模块包括第一分压电阻集合和第二分压电阻集合，所述第一分压电阻集合、所述终端电阻和所述第二分压电阻集合通过所述缆式感温线串联，所述第一分压电阻集合的一端与第一供电端连接，所述第二分压电阻集合的一端与地连接；
    处理模块，所述处理模块与所述检测模块连接，所述处理模块用于获取热失控检测数据，根据所述热失控检测数据，确定所述电池组是否发生热失控，
    其中，所述热失控检测数据包括从第一采样点采集的第一采样数据和从所述第二采样点采集的第二采样数据，所述第一采样点设置于所述第一分压电阻集合的另一端和所述终端电阻之间，所述第二采样点设置于所述第二分压电阻集合的另一端和所述终端电阻之间。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的热失控检测电路，其中，所述检测模块设置于电池管理单元中，所述处理模块为所述电池管理单元中的微控制单元，
    所述缆式感温线的至少一部分设置于所述电池组中的单体电芯的电芯防爆阀口正上方。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的热失控检测电路，其中，所述检测模块还包括：
    休眠唤醒子模块，所述休眠唤醒子模块与所述第二分压电阻集合的另一端连接，所述休眠唤醒子模块用于接收所述感应模块传输来的驱动信号，若驱动信号控制所述休眠唤醒子模块导通，向所述电池管理单元的电源模块发送唤醒信号。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的热失控检测电路，其中，所述休眠唤醒子 模块包括：
    第一电阻集合，所述第一电阻集合的一端与所述第二供电端连接，所述第一电阻集合的另一端与第一开关管的第一端、第二开关管的控制端连接；
    所述第一开关管，所述第一开关管的控制端与所述第二分压电阻集合的另一端连接，所述第一开关管的第二端与地连接；
    第二电阻集合，所述第二电阻集合的一端与所述第三供电端连接，所述第二电阻集合的另一端与所述第二开关管的第一端连接；
    所述第二开关管，所述第二开关管的第二端与第三电阻集合的一端、所述电池管理单元的电源模块连接；
    所述第三电阻集合，所述第三电阻集合的另一端与地连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的热失控检测电路，其中，还包括第一保护电容和/或第二保护电容；
    所述第一保护电容的一端与所述第一分压电阻集合的另一端连接，所述第一保护电容的另一端与地连接；
    所述第二保护电容的一端与所述第二分压电阻集合的另一端连接，所述第二保护电容的另一端与地连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的热失控检测电路，其中，还包括第一滤波电容和第一滤波电阻，和/或，第二滤波电容和第二滤波电阻；
    所述第一滤波电容的一端与所述第一采样点连接，所述第一滤波电容的另一端与地连接；
    所述第一滤波电阻的一端与第一分压电阻集合的另一端连接，所述第一滤波电阻的另一端与所述第一采样点连接；
    所述第二滤波电容的一端与所述第二采样点连接，所述第二滤波电容的另一端与地连接；
    所述第二滤波电阻的一端与第二分压电阻集合的另一端连接，所述第二滤波电阻的另一端与所述第二采样点连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的热失控检测电路，其中，所述处理模块具体用于：
    根据所述第一采样数据和所述第二采样数据，确定所述缆式感温线的通断状态，所述通断状态包括短路、断路或正常通路；
    基于所述缆式感温线的通断状态，确定所述电池组是否发生热失控。
  8. 根据权利要求1或7所述的热失控检测电路，其中，所述处理模块具体用于：
    若所述第一采样数据与所述第二采样数据相等，确定所述缆式感温线发生短路；
    若所述缆式感温线发生短路，确定所述电池组发生热失控。
  9. 根据权利要求1或7所述的热失控检测电路，其中，所述热失控数据还包括电池组参数，
    所述处理模块具体用于：
    若所述第一采样数据与所述第一供电端提供的数据相同，第二采样数据与地提供的数据相同，确定所述缆式感温线发生断路；
    若在预设时长内，确定所述缆式感温线发生断路，且所述电池组参数中的至少一个参数满足故障条件，确定所述电池组发生热失控。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的热失控检测电路，其中，所述电池组参数包括以下的一个或几个参数：
    所述电池组中单体电芯的最高温度、所述电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度、所述电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差、所述电池组中单体电芯的最小电压、所述电池组的电压采样断路故障数目、测温传感失效参数、电芯监控通讯失效参数，
    其中，所述故障条件包括参数超出安全参数阈值范围或参数表征失效。
  11. 根据权利要求1或7所述的热失控检测电路，其中，所述热失控检测数据还包括电池组参数，
    所述处理模块具体用于：
    若所述第一采样数据处于第一正常数据阈值范围内，所述第二采样数据处于第二正常数据阈值范围内，确定所述缆式感温线正常通路；
    若所述缆式感温线正常通路，且所述电池组参数中的至少一组参数满 足故障条件，确定所述电池组发生热失控，所述一组参数包括至少两个参数。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的热失控检测电路，其中，所述一组参数包括以下任意一组参数：
    所述电池组中单体电芯的最小电压与所述电池组中单体电芯的最高温度，
    所述电池组中单体电芯的最小电压与所述电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度，
    所述电池组中单体电芯的最小电压与所述电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差，
    所述电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度与所述电池组中单体电芯的最高温度，
    所述电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度与所述电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差，
    所述电池组的电压采样断路故障数目与所述电池组中单体电芯的最高温度，
    所述电池组的电压采样断路故障数目与所述电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度，
    所述电池组的电压采样断路故障数目与所述电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差，
    所述电池组的电压采样断路故障数目与测温传感失效参数，
    其中，所述故障条件包括参数超出安全参数阈值范围或参数表征失效。
  13. 根据权利要求1或7所述的热失控检测电路，其中，所述热失控检测数据还包括电池组参数，
    所述处理模块还用于：
    若所述第一采样数据处于第一正常数据阈值范围内，所述第二采样数据处于第二正常数据阈值范围内，确定所述缆式感温线正常通路；
    若所述缆式感温线正常通路，且所述电池组参数满足故障条件，发出 热失控预警消息，
    其中，所述电池组参数包括充电过程中所述电池组中单体电芯的最大电压、充电过程中所述电池组的实际荷电状态和充电过程中所述电池组的充电电流，
    所述故障条件包括参数超出安全参数阈值范围。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的热失控检测电路，其中，所述处理模块还用于：
    若确定所述电池组发生热失控，向整车控制器发送告警信号。
  15. 一种热失控检测方法，应用于如权利要求1至14中任意一项所述的热失控检测电路，所述方法包括：
    所述处理模块获取热失控检测数据；
    所述处理模块根据所述热失控检测数据，确定所述电池组是否发生热失控；
    其中，所述热失控检测数据包括从第一采样点采集的第一采样数据和从所述第二采样点采集的第二采样数据，所述第一采样点设置于所述第一分压电阻集合的另一端和所述终端电阻之间，所述第二采样点设置于所述第二分压电阻集合的另一端和所述终端电阻之间。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中，所述处理模块根据所述热失控检测数据，确定所述电池组是否发生热失控，包括：
    所述处理模块根据所述第一采样数据和所述第二采样数据，确定所述缆式感温线的通断状态，所述通断状态包括短路、断路或正常通路；
    所述处理模块基于所述缆式感温线的通断状态，确定所述电池组是否发生热失控。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中，所述处理模块根据所述热失控检测数据，确定所述电池组是否发生热失控，包括：
    若所述第一采样数据与所述第二采样数据相等，所述处理模块确定所述缆式感温线发生短路；
    若所述缆式感温线发生短路，所述处理模块确定所述电池组发生热失 控。
  18. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中，所述热失控检测数据还包括电池组参数，
    所述处理模块根据所述热失控检测数据，确定所述电池组是否发生热失控，包括：
    若所述第一采样数据与所述第一供电端提供的数据相同，第二采样数据与地提供的数据相同，所述处理模块确定所述缆式感温线发生断路；
    若在预设时长内，确定所述缆式感温线发生断路，且所述电池组参数中的至少一个参数满足故障条件，所述处理模块确定所述电池组发生热失控。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的方法，其中，所述电池组参数包括以下的一个或几个参数：
    所述电池组中单体电芯的最高温度、所述电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度、所述电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差、所述电池组中单体电芯的最小电压、所述电池组的电压采样断路故障数目、测温传感失效参数、电芯监控通讯失效参数，
    其中，所述故障条件包括参数超出安全参数阈值范围或参数表征失效。
  20. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中，所述热失控检测数据还包括电池组参数，
    所述处理模块根据所述热失控检测数据，确定所述电池组是否发生热失控，包括：
    若所述第一采样数据处于第一正常数据阈值范围内，所述第二采样数据处于第二正常数据阈值范围内，所述处理模块确定所述缆式感温线正常通路；
    若所述缆式感温线正常通路，且所述电池组参数中的至少一组参数满足故障条件，所述处理模块确定所述电池组发生热失控，所述一组参数包括至少两个参数。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的方法，其中，所述一组参数包括以下任 意一组参数：
    所述电池组中单体电芯的最小电压与所述电池组中单体电芯的最高温度，
    所述电池组中单体电芯的最小电压与所述电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度，
    所述电池组中单体电芯的最小电压与所述电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差，
    所述电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度与所述电池组中单体电芯的最高温度，
    所述电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度与所述电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差，
    所述电池组的电压采样断路故障数目与所述电池组中单体电芯的最高温度，
    所述电池组的电压采样断路故障数目与所述电池组中单体电芯的温度变化速度，
    所述电池组的电压采样断路故障数目与所述电池组中单体电芯的最高温度和最低温度之差，
    所述电池组的电压采样断路故障数目与测温传感失效参数，
    其中，所述故障条件包括参数超出安全参数阈值范围或参数表征失效。
  22. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中，所述热失控检测数据还包括电池组参数，
    所述方法还包括：
    若所述第一采样数据处于第一正常数据阈值范围内，所述第二采样数据处于第二正常数据阈值范围内，确定所述缆式感温线正常通路；
    若所述缆式感温线正常通路，且所述电池组参数满足故障条件，发出热失控预警消息，
    其中，所述电池组参数包括充电过程中所述电池组中单体电芯的最大电压、充电过程中所述电池组的实际荷电状态和充电过程中所述电池组的 充电电流，
    所述故障条件包括参数超出安全参数阈值范围。
  23. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中，所述检测模块还包括休眠唤醒子模块，
    所述方法还包括：
    若所述电池管理单元处于休眠状态，所述电池管理单元的电源模块接收到所述休眠唤醒子模块发送的唤醒信号，控制所述电池管理单元从所述休眠状态切换至工作状态，
    其中，所述唤醒信号为所述休眠唤醒子模块导通所发送的。
  24. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其中，还包括：
    若确定所述电池组发生热失控，所述处理模块向整车控制器发送告警信号。
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