WO2020220462A1 - 电池包 - Google Patents

电池包 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020220462A1
WO2020220462A1 PCT/CN2019/094388 CN2019094388W WO2020220462A1 WO 2020220462 A1 WO2020220462 A1 WO 2020220462A1 CN 2019094388 W CN2019094388 W CN 2019094388W WO 2020220462 A1 WO2020220462 A1 WO 2020220462A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
battery pack
conductive
alarm device
explosion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/094388
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱贤春
曾超
曹华
Original Assignee
宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority to EP19926776.6A priority Critical patent/EP3796416B1/en
Priority to PL19926776.6T priority patent/PL3796416T3/pl
Publication of WO2020220462A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020220462A1/zh
Priority to US17/133,370 priority patent/US11101523B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/244—Secondary casings; Racks; Suspension devices; Carrying devices; Holders characterised by their mounting method
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/271—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings
    • H01M50/273—Lids or covers for the racks or secondary casings characterised by the material
    • H01M50/278—Organic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/375—Vent means sensitive to or responsive to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
    • H01M50/383—Flame arresting or ignition-preventing means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/50—Current conducting connections for cells or batteries
    • H01M50/572—Means for preventing undesired use or discharge
    • H01M50/574—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current
    • H01M50/581—Devices or arrangements for the interruption of current in response to temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2200/00—Safety devices for primary or secondary batteries
    • H01M2200/20—Pressure-sensitive devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of energy storage devices, in particular to a battery pack.
  • the application provides a battery pack to solve the problems in the prior art and improve the accuracy of the thermal runaway alarm of the battery module.
  • the present application provides a battery pack, which includes: two or more battery modules, each of the battery modules includes a plurality of battery cells stacked in sequence;
  • An explosion-proof valve is provided on each battery cell
  • the battery pack further includes a thermal alarm device and a battery management system, and the thermal alarm device is set corresponding to the explosion-proof valve;
  • the thermal alarm device is connected with the battery management system to form a loop; when the explosion-proof valve bursts, the loop can be opened.
  • the thermal alarm device includes a plurality of fusible conductive elements, and each conductive element is connected in series;
  • the conductive member is a conductive tape.
  • the conductive member is strip-shaped, and the conductive member extends along the direction in which the explosion-proof valves are arranged.
  • the thermal alarm device further includes an intermediate wire harness, a first lead wire harness and a second lead wire harness;
  • the conductive parts are connected end to end through the intermediate wiring harness
  • the end of the conductive element at the head end is connected to the first lead-out harness, and the end of the conductive element at the tail end is connected to the second lead-out harness.
  • the intermediate wire harness, the first lead wire harness and the second lead wire harness all have conductive terminals, and the conductive terminals are fixed to the conductive member.
  • the thermal alarm device further includes a buckle
  • the conductive member is provided with a first hole
  • the conductive terminal is provided with a second hole
  • the buckle passes through the first hole and the second hole to fix the conductive member and the conductive terminal.
  • the battery module further includes a side plate fixed to the side of the battery cell, an end plate fixed to the end of the battery cell, and an end plate fixed above the battery cell and connected to the side plate.
  • the heat alarm device is arranged on the upper cover.
  • the material of the upper cover is plastic.
  • it also includes a vehicle control module
  • the battery management system is used to send a first alarm signal to the vehicle control module when the circuit is disconnected.
  • the battery pack provided in the present application includes more than two battery modules, and each battery module includes a plurality of battery cells stacked in sequence. Each battery cell is provided with an explosion-proof valve, and the battery pack also includes a thermal alarm device, and the thermal alarm device is set corresponding to the explosion-proof valve.
  • the battery pack also includes a battery management system. The thermal alarm device is connected to the battery management system to form a loop. When the battery module is thermally out of control, the explosion-proof valve bursts, and the fire or high-temperature gas or liquid in the electrolyte triggers the loop. Open circuit. This application responds to the explosion-proof valve by setting a thermal alarm device. When a thermal runaway occurs in the battery module, the loop of the thermal alarm device is disconnected, which can accurately reflect the thermal runaway state of the battery pack and improve the safety of the battery.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery module in a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the application;
  • Figure 2 is a main sectional view of the structure of a battery cell
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal alarm device
  • Figure 6 is an exploded view of the connection relationship of the thermal alarm device
  • Fig. 7 is a partial enlarged view of Fig. 6.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a battery module in a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 2 is a main cross-sectional view of the structure of a battery cell
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 4 This is an exploded view of the structure of the battery pack provided by the embodiment of this application.
  • An embodiment of the present application provides a battery pack 100 that includes: more than two battery modules 1. As shown in FIG. 1, each battery module 1 includes a plurality of battery cells 11 stacked in sequence.
  • the battery cell 11 includes a casing 112, an electrode assembly 113 and a top cover assembly 114.
  • the housing 112 may have a hexahedral shape or other shapes.
  • the case 112 has an internal space that accommodates the electrode assembly 113 and the electrolyte.
  • the housing 112 may be made of materials such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, or plastic.
  • the electrode assembly 113 may be formed by spirally winding the first pole piece, the second pole piece, and the diaphragm together around a winding axis, wherein the diaphragm is an insulator interposed between the first pole piece and the second pole piece.
  • the top cover assembly 114 covers the opening of the housing 112, the explosion-proof valve 111 is arranged on the top cover assembly 114, and the electrode assembly 113 reacts with the electrolyte to output electrical energy. If the battery is overcharged or in other situations, the electrolyte inside the battery cell will erupt at a high temperature, and the erupted electrolyte will be ejected from the explosion-proof valve 111.
  • the battery pack 100 further includes a thermal alarm device 2, and the thermal alarm device 2 is provided corresponding to the explosion-proof valve 111.
  • the battery pack 100 also includes a battery management system (not shown), and the thermal alarm device 2 is connected with the battery management system to form a loop; when the explosion-proof valve 111 bursts, the loop can be opened.
  • the explosion-proof valve 111 bursts, the electrolyte gas or liquid in the battery cell 110, or fire erupts, that is, the battery module 1 is thermally out of control, and the circuit between the thermal alarm device 2 and the battery management system is open. It is understandable that the thermal alarm device 2 can be arranged at any position of the battery module 1, as long as it can correspond to the explosion-proof valve 111. When the battery module 1 is thermally out of control, the heat discharged from the explosion-proof valve 111 can remove the heat The alarm device 2 is fused, just make sure the circuit is disconnected.
  • the signal of the open circuit is fed back to the battery piping system to obtain accurate thermal runaway status information.
  • Alarms can also be carried out by connecting alarm lights or buzzers in series in the loop.
  • the thermal alarm device 2 may include a plurality of fusible conductive elements 21, and the conductive elements 21 are connected in series.
  • the explosion-proof valve 111 bursts, fire, gas or liquid sprayed from the position of the explosion-proof valve 111 can fuse the conductive element 21, thereby breaking the circuit.
  • the above-mentioned conductive member 21 is a conductive tape.
  • the conductive tape is light and easy to operate in the way of fixing the battery module 1. It can be directly pasted on the module, and the thickness of the conductive tape is measured. Calculate to select a conductive tape of appropriate specifications, so that the conductive tape can be fused when the instantaneous heat of the explosion-proof valve 111 and its vicinity reaches the thermal threshold.
  • the conductive member 21 has a strip shape. According to the stacking direction of the battery cells 11, the explosion-proof valves 111 are arranged in a straight line. As shown in Figures 3 and 4, where the battery cells 11 are stacked in sequence, the strip-shaped conductive members 21 correspond to the explosion-proof valves 111 arranged in a straight line, so it can timely and accurately reflect whether the battery module 1 has thermal runaway . Moreover, the strip-shaped conductive member 21 does not occupy too much space of the battery module 1 and avoids interference with original designed components, thereby avoiding the battery module 1 from undergoing many adaptive designs.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship of the thermal alarm device
  • Figure 6 is an exploded view of the connection relationship of the thermal alarm device.
  • the thermal alarm device 2 further includes an intermediate wire harness 22, a first lead wire harness 23, and a second lead wire harness twenty four.
  • the conductive member 21 can be connected end to end through the intermediate wire harness 22.
  • the end of the conductive member 21 at the head end A is provided with a first lead wire harness 23, and the end of the conductive member 21 at the tail end B is provided with a second lead wire harness 24.
  • a lead wire harness 23 and a second lead wire harness 24 are connected with the external circuit board to form a loop.
  • the middle wiring harness 22, the first lead-out wiring harness 23, and the second lead-out wiring harness 24 all have conductive terminals 221.
  • the middle wiring harness 22 includes a conductive terminal 221, the conductive terminal 221 and the conductive member 21 The phases are fixed.
  • the conductive terminal 221 may be a copper terminal. Copper has good conductivity. When the above-mentioned loop is turned on or off, the possibility of false signals is low.
  • the conductive terminal 221 of the middle wire harness 22 is taken as an example for description. Those skilled in the art can understand that the conductive terminals included in the first lead wire harness 23 and the second lead wire harness 24 and the conductive terminal 221 of the middle wire harness 22 are structured The same, I won't repeat them here.
  • the thermal alarm device 2 When the conductive member 21 is a conductive tape, the conductive tape can be adhesively fixed with the conductive terminal 221.
  • the thermal alarm device 2 further includes a buckle 25.
  • the conductive member 21 and the conductive terminal 221 can be fixed by the buckle 25, and the buckle 25 can also fix both the conductive member 21 and the conductive terminal 221. Then fix it on the battery module 1.
  • the thermal alarm device 2 further includes a buckle 25, the conductive member 21 is provided with a first hole 211, the conductive terminal 221 is provided with a second hole 221a, and the buckle 25 passes through
  • the conductive member 21 and the conductive terminal 221 are fixed after passing through the first hole 211 and the second hole 221a, and the buckle 15 can be fixed on the battery module 1 after fixing the two.
  • Using the buckle 25 to fix the conductive member 21 and the conductive terminal 221 on the battery module 1 can improve the connection reliability of the conductive member 21 without moving easily.
  • the conductive member 21 deviates from the position of the explosion-proof valve 111, it cannot Accurately reflect the thermal runaway state of the battery module 1.
  • the conductive member 21 After being fixed by the buckle 25, the conductive member 21 cannot easily deviate from the explosion-proof valve 111, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the thermal runaway alarm.
  • the battery module 1 may also include a side plate 12 fixed to the side of the battery cell 11, and an end plate 14 fixed to the end of the battery cell 11. And an upper cover 13 fixed above the battery cell 11 and connected to the side plate 12 and the end plate 14, and the conductive member 21 is arranged on the upper cover 13.
  • the arrangement of the side plates 12 and the end plates 14 can reduce the expansion and deformation of the battery cells 11. Once the battery cell 11 expands, it will cause the entire battery module 1 to expand. When the battery module 1 expands, the conductive member 21 may break, and a thermal runaway alarm may be initiated.
  • the provision of the side plates 12 and the end plates 14 can effectively suppress this deformation, thereby avoiding false alarms caused by the breakage of the conductive member 21 caused by the expansion of the battery module 1, thereby improving the accuracy of the thermal alarm.
  • the material of the upper cover 13 may be plastic, and when the conductive member 21 is a conductive tape, it is pasted on the upper cover 13.
  • the upper cover 13 made of plastic material is easy to melt when heated, thereby ensuring that the conductive element 21 is fused.
  • the conductive member 21 may extend along the direction in which the explosion-proof valve 111 is arranged.
  • the conductive member 21 When the conductive member 21 is provided on the upper cover 13, although the upper cover 13 is provided between the conductive member 21 and the explosion-proof valve 111, the conductive member 21 The position on the upper cover 13 also corresponds to the explosion-proof valve 111.
  • the upper cover 13 made of plastic material can also be provided with openings. The openings can be through holes or counterbores. If set as counterbores, it is equivalent to partially thinning the upper cover 13, so as to quickly respond to thermal runaway alarms. . If it is set as a through hole, the heat directly passes through the through hole to fuse the conductive member 21, and the thermal runaway alarm is responded more quickly.
  • the material of the upper cover 13 may also be other heat-resistant materials.
  • the upper cover 13 is provided with vent holes, which may be elongated, corresponding to the direction in which the explosion-proof valves 111 are arranged.
  • the vent hole may be a plurality of independent holes corresponding to the explosion-proof valve 111 respectively. In this way, the sprayed electrolyte can quickly fuse the conductive member 21 through the vent hole, so as to respond to the thermal runaway of the battery module in a timely and accurate manner.
  • the battery pack provided by the embodiment of the present application further includes a vehicle control module, and the battery management system is used to send a first alarm signal to the vehicle control module when the circuit is disconnected, and the vehicle control module according to the first alarm signal Corresponding control can be made, such as issuing an alarm to the occupants, or performing emergency braking on the car.
  • the battery pack provided by the embodiment of the present application may further include a temperature alarm device and a voltage alarm device; the temperature alarm device is used to monitor the temperature of the battery module 1, and when the temperature exceeds a set temperature threshold, Send a second alarm signal to the battery management system; the voltage alarm device is used to monitor the voltage of the battery module 1, and when the voltage exceeds a set voltage threshold, send to the battery management system The third alarm signal.
  • the battery management system can transmit the above-mentioned alarm signal to the vehicle control module. Through the combination of temperature alarm device, voltage alarm device and the above-mentioned thermal alarm device 2, the overall temperature, voltage and thermal runaway of the battery pack are monitored, thereby improving Improve the safety of the battery pack.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)

Abstract

本申请涉及储能器件领域，尤其涉及一种电池包。该电池包包括：两个以上的电池模组，每个电池模组包括多个依次堆叠的电池单体；各电池单体上均设置有防爆阀；电池包还包括热报警装置和电池管理系统，热报警装置对应于防爆阀设置；所述热报警装置与所述电池管理系统连接形成回路；在所述防爆阀爆破时能够引发所述回路断路。本申请通过在设置热报警装置来对应防爆阀，当电池模组发生热失控时，热报警装置与电池管理系统形成的回路的断路，从而能够准确地反映电池包的热失控状态，提高了电池的安全性。

Description

电池包
本申请要求于2019年4月30日提交中国专利局、申请号为201920620835.5、发明名称为“电池包”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及储能器件领域，尤其涉及一种电池包。
背景技术
目前，随着动力电池的能量密度越来越高，市场对电池安全性的需求越来越高。在发生滥用时，电池容易发生热失控，快速的形成高温及破坏力，可能烧穿电池箱上盖，发生着火，造成极大的安全事故。
现有技术中，仅在电池模组的内部进行温度采集，将采集到的信号传递给整车控制系统，但是有时会发生虚假信号的情况，导致误判。
申请内容
本申请提供了一种电池包，以解决现有技术中的问题，提高电池模组的热失控报警准确性。
本申请提供了一种电池包，其中，包括：两个以上的电池模组，每个所述电池模组包括多个依次堆叠的电池单体；
各所述电池单体上均设置有防爆阀；
所述电池包还包括热报警装置和电池管理系统，所述热报警装置对应于所述防爆阀设置；
所述热报警装置与所述电池管理系统连接形成回路；在所述防爆阀爆破时能够引发所述回路断路。
优选地，所述热报警装置包括多个可熔断的导电件，各所述导电件相互串联；
在所述防爆阀爆破时，所述导电件被熔断。
优选地，所述导电件为导电胶带。
优选地，所述导电件为条状，所述导电件沿着所述防爆阀排列的方向延伸。
优选地，所述热报警装置还包括中间线束、第一引出线束和第二引出线束；
所述导电件通过所述中间线束首尾相连；
位于首端的导电件的端部连接所述第一引出线束，位于尾端的导电件的端部连接所述第二引出线束。
优选地，所述中间线束、第一引出线束和第二引出线束均具有导电端子，所述导电端子与所述导电件固定。
优选地，所述热报警装置还包括卡扣；
所述导电件上设置有第一孔；
所述导电端子上设置有第二孔；
所述卡扣穿过所述第一孔和第二孔后将所述导电件与所述导电端子固定。
优选地，所述电池模组还包括固定于所述电池单体边侧的侧板、固定于所述电池单体端部的端板以及固定于所述电池单体上方且与所述侧板和所述端板相连的上盖；
所述热报警装置设置在所述上盖上。
优选地，所述上盖的材质为塑料。
优选地，还包括整车控制模块；
所述电池管理系统用于在所述回路发生断路时，向所述整车控制模块发送第一报警信号。
本申请提供的技术方案可以达到以下有益效果：
本申请提供的电池包包括：两个以上的电池模组，每个电池模组包括多个依次堆叠的电池单体。各电池单体上均设置有防爆阀，电池包还包括热报警装置，热报警装置对应于防爆阀设置。电池包还包括电池管理系统，热报警装置与电池管理系统连接形成回路，在电池模组发生热失控时，防爆阀爆破，从防爆阀喷出的火或电解液的高温气体、液体引发了回路断路。本申请通过在设置热报警装置来响应防爆阀，当电池模组发生热失控时，热报警装 置的回路断路，从而能够准确地反映电池包的热失控状态，提高了电池的安全性。
应当理解的是，以上的一般描述和后文的细节描述仅是示例性的，并不能限制本申请。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例所提供的电池包中电池模组的局部结构示意图；
图2为电池单体的结构主剖视图；
图3为本申请实施例所提供的电池包的结构示意图；
图4为本申请实施例所提供的电池包中热报警装置的结构分解图；
图5为热报警装置的连接关系示意图；
图6为热报警装置的连接关系爆炸图；
图7为图6的局部放大图。
附图标记：
100-电池包；
1-电池模组；
11-电池单体；
111-防爆阀；
112-壳体；
113-电极组件；
114-顶盖组件；
12-侧板；
13-上盖；
14-端板；
2-热报警装置；
21-导电件；
211-第一孔；
A-首端；
B-尾端；
22-中间线束；
221-导电端子；
221a-第二孔；
23-第一引出线束；
24-第二引出线束；
25-卡扣。
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分，示出了符合本申请的实施例，并与说明书一起用于解释本申请的原理。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图对本申请的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
图1为本申请实施例所提供的电池包中电池模组的局部结构示意图，图2为电池单体的结构主剖视图，图3为本申请实施例所提供的电池包的结构示意图，图4为本申请实施例所提供的电池包的结构分解图。
本申请实施例提供了一种电池包100，该电池包100包括：两个以上的电池模组1，如图1所示，每个电池模组1包括多个依次堆叠的电池单体11。
其中，如图2所示，电池单体11包括壳体112、电极组件113和顶盖组件114。其中，壳体112可具有六面体形状或其他形状。壳体112具有容纳电极组件113和电解液的内部空间。壳体112可以由例如铝、铝合金或塑料等材料制造。
电极组件113可通过将第一极片、第二极片以及隔膜一同围绕卷绕轴线螺旋卷绕而形成，其中，隔膜是介于第一极片和第二极片之间的绝缘体。
顶盖组件114覆盖在上述壳体112的开口，防爆阀111设置在顶盖组件114上，电极组件113与电解液反应后将电能输出。如果电池发生过充或其他情况时，电池单体内部的电解液会在高温下喷发，喷发的电解液会从防爆阀111喷出。
如图3和图4所示，电池包100还包括热报警装置2，热报警装置2对应于防爆阀111设置。电池包100还包括电池管理系统(未示出)，热报警装置2与电池管理系统连接形成回路；在防爆阀111爆破时能够引发所述回路断路。
防爆阀111爆破时，电池单体110内的电解液气体或液体，或者火喷发，也即电池模组1发生热失控，此时热报警装置2与电池管理系统的回路断路。可以理解的是，热报警装置2可以设置在电池模组1的任意位置，只要其能与防爆阀111对应，在电池模组1发生热失控时，从防爆阀111处排出的热量能够将热报警装置2熔断，保证回路断开即可。
断路的信号反馈到电池管路系统，从而得到准确的热失控状态信息。也可以通过在回路中串联报警灯或蜂鸣器等报警器来进行报警。
作为一种优选的实现方式，热报警装置2可以包括多个可熔断的导电件21，各导电件21相互串联。当防爆阀111爆破时，从防爆阀111的位置喷出的火、气体或液体可以将导电件21熔断，进而使回路断路。
作为一种优选的实现方式，上述的导电件21为导电胶带，导电胶带轻便，且在电池模组1的固定方式容易操作，能够直接粘贴在模组上，经过对导电胶带的厚度等尺寸的计算，来选择合适规格的导电胶带，从而在防爆阀111及其附近的瞬间热量达到热量阈值时能够将导电胶带熔断。
优选地，该导电件21为条状。根据电池单体11的堆叠方向，防爆阀111排列在一条直线上。如图3和图4所示，其中电池单体11依次堆叠，条状的导电件21恰好对应排列在一条直线上的防爆阀111，因此能够及时、准确地反映电池模组1是否发生热失控。而且条状的导电件21不会占据电池模组1过多的空间，避免与原有设计的部件发生干涉，从而避免电池模组1进行很多的适应性设计。
图5为热报警装置的连接关系示意图，图6为热报警装置的连接关系爆炸图，参照图3至图6，热报警装置2还包括中间线束22、第一引出线 束23和第二引出线束24。导电件21可以通过中间线束22首尾相连，位于首端A的导电件21的端部设置有第一引出线束23，位于尾端B的导电件21的端部设置有第二引出线束24，第一引出线束23和第二引出线束24与外部电路板相接，形成回路。
进一步地，中间线束22、第一引出线束23和第二引出线束24均具有导电端子221，参照图7，以中间线束22为例，中间线束22包括导电端子221，导电端子221与导电件21相固定，该导电端子221可以是铜端子，铜的导电性能好，在上述回路导通或断开时，发生虚假信号的可能性较低。本实施例以中间线束22的导电端子221为例进行说明，本领域技术人员可以理解的是，第一引出线束23和第二引出线束24所包括的导电端子与中间线束22的导电端子221结构相同，在此不再赘述。
当导电件21为导电胶带时，导电胶带可以与导电端子221粘接固定。优选的是，如图7所示，热报警装置2还包括卡扣25，导电件21、导电端子221可以通过卡扣25固定，卡扣25还可以将导电件21和导电端子221二者固定后再固定在电池模组1上。具体地，本申请实施例提供的电池包100中，热报警装置2还包括卡扣25，导电件21上设置有第一孔211，导电端子221上设置有第二孔221a，卡扣25穿过第一孔211和第二孔221a后将导电件21和导电端子221固定，卡扣15在将二者固定后可以固定在电池模组1上。利用卡扣25将导电件21及导电端子221固定在电池模组1上，能够提高导电件21的连接可靠性，而不会轻易地移动，一旦导电件21偏离防爆阀111的位置，就不能准确地反映电池模组1的热失控状态。通过卡扣25固定后，导电件21不易偏离防爆阀111，由此保证了热失控报警的准确性。
参照图1和图3，本申请实施例提供的电池包100中，电池模组1还可以包括固定于电池单体11边侧的侧板12、固定于电池单体11端部的端板14以及固定于电池单体11上方且与侧板12和端板14相连的上盖13，导电件21设置在上盖13上。侧板12和端板14的设置能够减小电池单体11的膨胀变形。一旦电池单体11膨胀，会导致整个电池模组1的膨胀，在电池模组1膨胀的情况下，可能会引发导电件21的断裂，进而出发热失控报警。通过设置侧板12和端板14能够有效地抑制这种变形，从而避 免导电件21被电池模组1膨胀引发的断裂造成的误报警，从而提高了热报警精度。上盖13的材质可以是塑料，当导电件21为导电胶带时，粘贴在该上盖13上。塑料材质的上盖13容易在受热时熔化，从而保证导电件21熔断。上文已提及，导电件21可以沿着防爆阀111排列的方向延伸，当导电件21设置在上盖13时，尽管导电件21与防爆阀111之间具有上盖13，但是导电件21在上盖13上的位置也对应于防爆阀111。在电池模组1发生热失控时，受热熔化的上盖13能保证导电件21熔断。塑料材质的上盖13也可以设置开孔，开孔可以是通孔也可以是沉孔，如果设置为沉孔，相当于局部对上盖13进行了减薄，从而能快速响应热失控的报警。如果设置为通孔，则热量直接通过通孔将导电件21熔断，则更加快速地响应了热失控报警。
上盖13的材质也可以是其他耐热材料，在上盖13上设置有排气孔，排气孔可以是长条状，对应于防爆阀111排列的方向。排气孔也可以是多个独立的孔，与防爆阀111分别对应。这样，喷发的电解液能够通过上述排气孔迅速地将导电件21熔断，从而及时、准确地响应电池模组的热失控。
进一步地，本申请实施例提供的电池包还包括整车控制模块，电池管理系统用于在回路断开时，向整车控制模块发送第一报警信号，整车控制模块根据该第一报警信号可以做出相应的控制，例如向乘车人员发出报警，或者对汽车进行紧急制动等。
本申请实施例提供的电池包还可以包括温度报警装置和电压报警装置；所述温度报警装置，用于监控所述电池模组1的温度，并在所述温度超过设定的温度阈值时，向所述电池管理系统发送第二报警信号；所述电压报警装置，用于监控所述电池模组1的电压，并在所述电压超过设定的电压阈值时，向所述电池管理系统发送第三报警信号。电池管理系统可以将上述报警信号传递给整车控制模块，通过温度报警装置、电压报警装置和上述的热报警装置2相结合，整体上对电池包进行温度、电压和热失控的监控，从而提高了电池包的安全性。
以上仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请 的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电池包，其特征在于，包括：两个以上的电池模组，每个所述电池模组包括多个依次堆叠的电池单体；
    各所述电池单体上均设置有防爆阀；
    所述电池包还包括热报警装置和电池管理系统，所述热报警装置对应于所述防爆阀设置；
    所述热报警装置与所述电池管理系统连接形成回路；在所述防爆阀爆破时能够引发所述回路断路。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述热报警装置包括多个可熔断的导电件，各所述导电件相互串联；
    在所述防爆阀爆破时，所述导电件被熔断。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述导电件为导电胶带。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述导电件为条状，所述导电件沿着所述防爆阀排列的方向延伸。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述热报警装置还包括中间线束、第一引出线束和第二引出线束；
    所述导电件通过所述中间线束首尾相连；
    位于首端的导电件的端部连接所述第一引出线束，位于尾端的导电件的端部连接所述第二引出线束。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述中间线束、第一引出线束和第二引出线束均具有导电端子，所述导电端子与所述导电件固定。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述热报警装置还包括卡扣；
    所述导电件上设置有第一孔；
    所述导电端子上设置有第二孔；
    所述卡扣穿过所述第一孔和第二孔后将所述导电件与所述导电端子固定。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述电池模组还包括固定于所述电池单体边侧的侧板、固定于所述电池单体端部的端板以及固定于所述电池单体上方且与所述侧板和所述端板相连的上盖；
    所述导电件设置在所述上盖上。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的电池包，其特征在于，所述上盖的材质为塑料。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的电池包，其特征在于，还包括整车控制模块；
    所述电池管理系统用于在所述回路发生断路时，向所述整车控制模块发送第一报警信号。
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EP3796416B1 (en) 2023-01-18
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HUE061221T2 (hu) 2023-05-28
CN209496937U (zh) 2019-10-15

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