WO2020220350A1 - 一种通信方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种通信方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020220350A1
WO2020220350A1 PCT/CN2019/085375 CN2019085375W WO2020220350A1 WO 2020220350 A1 WO2020220350 A1 WO 2020220350A1 CN 2019085375 W CN2019085375 W CN 2019085375W WO 2020220350 A1 WO2020220350 A1 WO 2020220350A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
random access
access preamble
coverage enhancement
indication information
preamble
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PCT/CN2019/085375
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
罗之虎
单宝堃
王宏
金哲
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2019/085375 priority Critical patent/WO2020220350A1/zh
Priority to CN201980079636.0A priority patent/CN113170510B/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2019/096607 priority patent/WO2020220477A1/zh
Publication of WO2020220350A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020220350A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/08—Testing, supervising or monitoring using real traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00—Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/08—Non-scheduled access, e.g. ALOHA

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of communication, and in particular to a communication method and device.
  • the network device may send downlink control information (DCI) to the terminal device, and the DCI is used to trigger the random access process of the terminal device.
  • DCI downlink control information
  • the DCI may carry a random access resource
  • the random access resource may include a preamble format, the number of repetitions of the random access preamble, a carrier index, and a subcarrier index.
  • the terminal device may perform a random access process according to the random access resource carried in the DCI.
  • the network equipment cannot obtain the coverage of the terminal equipment, and the corresponding terminal equipment cannot determine the number of repetitions of the random access preamble. At this time, how the terminal equipment performs random access is a current research hotspot.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and device to implement random access of terminal equipment.
  • a communication method including: a terminal device receives first configuration information from a network device, where the first configuration information is used to determine a first random access resource at a first coverage enhancement level; the terminal device Determine a second coverage enhancement level; the terminal device sends a first random access preamble to the network device according to the second coverage enhancement level and the first random access resource.
  • the terminal device determines the second coverage enhancement level by itself.
  • the network device blindly indicates the coverage enhancement level to ensure the performance of the random access preamble.
  • the network equipment does not need to indicate the coverage enhancement level, which can save signaling overhead.
  • the second coverage enhancement level is less than or equal to the first coverage enhancement level.
  • the first random access resource includes a first subcarrier
  • the first configuration information includes first indication information, second indication information, and third indication information; wherein, the first One indication information is used to indicate the index of the first subcarrier, the second indication information is used to indicate the format of the first random access preamble, and the third indication information is used to indicate the index of the first carrier .
  • the first random access resource includes a first subcarrier
  • the first configuration information includes fourth indication information and fifth indication information
  • the fourth indication information is used for joint indication The index of the first subcarrier and the format of the first random access preamble
  • the fifth indication information is used to indicate the index of the first carrier.
  • one indication information is used to jointly indicate the index of the first subcarrier and the format of the first random access preamble.
  • using different indication information to respectively indicate the index of the first subcarrier and the format of the first random access preamble can save signaling overhead.
  • the terminal device sends a first random access preamble to the network device according to the second coverage enhancement level and the first random access resource, including: the terminal device Determine a first number of repetitions, where the first number of repetitions is the number of repetitions corresponding to the second coverage enhancement level; the terminal device according to the first random access preamble format, in the first carrier On the first subcarrier, repeatedly sending the first random access preamble to the network device, and the number of repetitions for sending the first random access preamble is the first number of repetitions.
  • the first random access resource includes a preamble sequence
  • the first configuration information includes sixth indication information, seventh indication information, and eighth indication information
  • the sixth indication information The preamble index is used to indicate the first random access preamble, where the preamble index is used to determine the preamble sequence of the first random access preamble
  • the seventh indication information is used to indicate the The mask index of the first random access preamble, where the mask index is used to determine the time domain resource of the first random access preamble
  • the eighth indication information is used to indicate the first random access Resource block allocation information where the preamble is located, where the resource block allocation information is used to determine the frequency domain resource of the first random access preamble.
  • the terminal device sends a first random access preamble to the network device according to the second coverage enhancement level and the first random access resource, including: the terminal device Determine a second number of repetitions, where the second number of repetitions is the number of repetitions corresponding to the second coverage enhancement level; the terminal device is on the determined time domain resource and frequency domain resource of the first random access preamble To repeatedly send the first random access preamble to the network device, the number of repetitions for sending the first random access preamble is the second number of repetitions, and the number of repetitions used by the first random access preamble is The sequence is the preamble sequence.
  • the method further includes: The terminal device determines the start time for sending the first random access preamble, where the start time corresponds to the start time when the second random access preamble is sent under the first coverage enhancement level; or, the The terminal device receives the second configuration information from the network device, and determines the start time for sending the first random access preamble according to the second configuration information.
  • a communication method including: a network device determines first configuration information; and the network device sends the first configuration information to a terminal device, where the first configuration information is used to determine a first coverage enhancement level The first random access resource; the network device receives the first random access preamble sent by the terminal device according to the first random access resource.
  • the network device receiving the first random access preamble sent by the terminal device according to the first random access resource includes: the network device determining the coverage enhancement level of blind detection Set, any one coverage enhancement level in the set of coverage enhancement levels for blind detection is less than or equal to the first coverage enhancement level; the network device according to the set of coverage enhancement levels for blind detection and the first random access Resource, receiving the first random access preamble sent by the terminal device.
  • the network device receives the first random access preamble sent by the terminal device according to the first random access resource, and further includes: the network device determines the blind detection from the terminal device Coverage enhancement level, the coverage enhancement level of the blind detection is less than or equal to the first coverage enhancement level; the network device receives the terminal device according to the coverage enhancement level of the blind detection and the first random access resource The first random access preamble sent.
  • the first random access resource includes a first subcarrier
  • the first configuration information includes first indication information, second indication information, and third indication information; wherein, the first One indication information is used to indicate the index of the first subcarrier, the second indication information is used to indicate the format of the first random access preamble, and the third indication information is used to indicate the index of the first carrier .
  • the first random access resource includes a first subcarrier
  • the first configuration information includes fourth indication information and fifth indication information
  • the fourth indication information is used for joint indication The index of the first subcarrier and the format of the first random access preamble
  • the fifth indication information is used to indicate the index of the first carrier.
  • the network device receives the first random access preamble sent by the terminal device according to the coverage enhancement level set of blind detection and the first random access resource, including: The network device according to the first random access preamble format, on the first subcarrier in the first carrier, according to the repetition corresponding to each coverage enhancement level in the set of coverage enhancement levels for blind detection Receiving the first random access preamble sent by the terminal device a number of times.
  • the first random access resource includes a preamble sequence
  • the first configuration information includes sixth indication information, seventh indication information, and eighth indication information
  • the sixth indication information The preamble index is used to indicate the first random access preamble, where the preamble index is used to determine the preamble sequence of the first random access preamble
  • the seventh indication information is used to indicate the The mask index of the first random access preamble, where the mask index is used to determine the time domain resource of the first random access preamble
  • the eighth indication information is used to indicate the first random access Resource block allocation information where the preamble is located, where the resource block allocation information is used to determine the frequency domain resource of the first random access preamble.
  • the network device receives the first random access preamble sent by the terminal device according to the coverage enhancement level set of blind detection and the first random access resource, including: The network device receives the terminal device according to the number of repetitions corresponding to each coverage enhancement level in the set of coverage enhancement levels for blind detection on the determined time domain resources and frequency domain resources of the first random access preamble For the transmitted first random access preamble, the sequence used by the first random access preamble is the preamble sequence.
  • the method before the network device receives the first random access preamble sent by the terminal device according to the first random access resource, the method further includes: the network device determines to receive The start time of the first random access preamble, where the start time corresponds to the start time when the first random access preamble is received under the first coverage enhancement level; or, the network device reports to the terminal The device sends second configuration information, where the second configuration information is used by the terminal device to determine a start time for sending the first random access preamble.
  • a communication device may be a terminal device, or a device in a terminal device, or a device that can be matched and used with a terminal device.
  • the device may include modules that perform one-to-one correspondence of the methods/operations/steps/actions described in the first aspect.
  • the modules may be hardware circuits, software, or hardware circuits combined with software.
  • the device may include a transceiving module and a processing module, and the transceiving module and the processing module can perform the corresponding function in any of the design examples of the first aspect, specifically:
  • a transceiver module configured to receive first configuration information from a network device, where the first configuration information is used to determine the first random access resource under the condition of the first coverage enhancement level;
  • the processing module is configured to determine a second coverage enhancement level, and control the transceiver module to send a first random access preamble to the network device according to the second coverage enhancement level and the first random access resource.
  • a communication device may be a network device, or a device in a network device, or a device that can be matched and used with a network device.
  • the device may include modules that perform one-to-one correspondence of the methods/operations/steps/actions described in the second aspect.
  • the modules may be hardware circuits, software, or hardware circuits combined with software.
  • the device may include a transceiving module and a processing module, and the transceiving module and the processing module are used to perform the corresponding function in any of the design examples of the second aspect, specifically:
  • a processing module for determining the first configuration information
  • a transceiver module configured to send first configuration information to a terminal device, where the first configuration information is used to determine the first random access resource at the first coverage enhancement level;
  • the processing module is further configured to control the transceiver module to receive the first random access preamble sent by the terminal device according to the first random access resource.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a device, which includes a processor, configured to implement the method described in the first aspect.
  • the device may also include a memory for storing instructions and/or data.
  • the memory is coupled with the processor, and when the processor executes the program instructions stored in the memory, the method described in the first aspect can be implemented.
  • the device may also include a communication interface, which is used for the device to communicate with other devices.
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver, circuit, bus, module, pin, or other type of communication interface.
  • the device may be a network device, etc.
  • the device includes:
  • Memory used to store program instructions
  • a communication interface configured to receive first configuration information from a network device, where the first configuration information is used to determine the first random access resource at the first coverage enhancement level;
  • the processing module is configured to determine a second coverage enhancement level, and control the communication interface to send a first random access preamble to the network device according to the second coverage enhancement level and the first random access resource.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a device, which includes a processor, configured to implement the method described in the second aspect.
  • the device may also include a memory for storing instructions and/or data.
  • the memory is coupled with the processor, and when the processor executes the program instructions stored in the memory, the method described in the second aspect can be implemented.
  • the device may also include a communication interface, which is used for the device to communicate with other devices.
  • the communication interface may be a transceiver, circuit, bus, module, pin, or other type of communication interface.
  • the device may be a terminal device and so on.
  • the device includes:
  • Memory used to store program instructions
  • the processor is used to determine the first configuration information.
  • a communication interface for sending first configuration information to a terminal device, where the first configuration information is used to determine the first random access resource at the first coverage enhancement level;
  • the processing module is further configured to control the communication interface to receive the first random access preamble sent by the terminal device according to the first random access resource.
  • embodiments of the present application also provide a computer-readable storage medium, including instructions, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute any possible design of the first aspect, the first aspect, the second aspect, or the first aspect. Any of the two possible design methods.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a chip system.
  • the chip system includes a processor and may also include a memory for implementing any one of the first aspect, the first aspect, the second aspect, or the second aspect. Any possible design method.
  • the chip system can be composed of chips, or can include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide a computer program product, including instructions, which when run on a computer, cause the computer to execute any possible design of the first aspect, the first aspect, the second aspect, or the second aspect. Any possible design method.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a system, which includes the device described in the third aspect or the fifth aspect and the device described in the fourth or sixth aspect.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the application
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the format of a random access preamble provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of random access resources of NB-IoT provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of random access resources of eMTC provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a virtual device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a physical device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • a terminal device can be referred to as a terminal for short, which is a device with a wireless transceiver function.
  • Terminal devices can be deployed on land, including indoor or outdoor, handheld or vehicle-mounted; they can also be deployed on water (such as ships); they can also be deployed in the air (such as airplanes, balloons, and satellites).
  • the terminal device may be a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer (pad), a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, an industrial control ( Wireless terminal equipment in industrial control, wireless terminal equipment in unmanned driving (self-driving), wireless terminal equipment in remote medical (remote medical), wireless terminal equipment in smart grid (smart grid), transportation safety (transportation) Wireless terminal equipment in safety), wireless terminal equipment in a smart city (smart city), wireless terminal equipment in a smart home (smart home), and may also include user equipment (UE), etc.
  • UE user equipment
  • the terminal device can also be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), and a wireless communication Functional handheld devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, terminal devices in the future 5th generation (5G) network, or future evolution of public land mobile communication networks (public land mobile communication network) Land mobile network, PLMN) terminal equipment, etc.
  • 5G future 5th generation
  • PLMN public land mobile communication network
  • Terminal equipment can sometimes be called terminal, user equipment (UE), access terminal equipment, vehicle terminal equipment, industrial control terminal equipment, UE unit, UE station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal equipment , Mobile equipment, UE terminal equipment, terminal equipment, wireless communication equipment, UE agent or UE device, etc.
  • the terminal device can also be fixed or mobile. The embodiment of the application does not limit this.
  • the device used to implement the function of the terminal may be a terminal; it may also be a device capable of supporting the terminal to implement the function, such as a chip system, and the device may be installed in the terminal.
  • the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the device used to implement the functions of the terminal is a terminal, and the terminal is a UE as an example to describe the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the network device may be an access network device, and the access network device may also be called a radio access network (RAN) device, which is a device that provides wireless communication functions for terminal devices.
  • the access network equipment includes, but is not limited to, for example, the next generation base station (gNB) in 5G, evolved node B (evolved node B, eNB), radio network controller (RNC), node B ( node B, NB), base station controller (BSC), base transceiver station (BTS), home base station (for example, home evolved nodeB, or home node B, HNB), baseband unit (baseband unit) , BBU), transmitting and receiving point (TRP), transmitting point (TP), mobile switching center, etc.
  • gNB next generation base station
  • eNB evolved node B
  • RNC radio network controller
  • node B node B
  • BSC base station controller
  • BTS base transceiver station
  • home base station for example, home evolved nodeB, or home node B, HNB
  • the access network equipment can also be a wireless controller, a centralized unit (CU), and/or a distributed unit (DU) in a cloud radio access network (cloud radio access network, CRAN) scenario, or a network
  • the equipment can be a relay station, an access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a terminal device, a wearable device, and a network device in a future 5G network or a network device in a future evolved PLMN network.
  • the terminal device can communicate with multiple access network devices of different technologies.
  • the terminal device can communicate with an access network device that supports long term evolution (LTE), or can communicate with an access network device that supports 5G. , It can also be dual-connected with LTE-enabled access network equipment and 5G-enabled access network equipment.
  • LTE long term evolution
  • 5G 5G-enabled access network equipment
  • the device used to implement the function of the network device may be a network device; it may also be a device capable of supporting the network device to implement the function, such as a chip system, and the device may be installed in the network device.
  • the device used to implement the functions of the network equipment is the network equipment, and the network equipment is a base station as an example to describe the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the Internet of Things is an Internet of things connected, and it expands the user end of the Internet of Things to exchange and communicate information between any object.
  • the Internet of Things can also be referred to as machine type communications (MTC), and the communication nodes can also be referred to as MTC terminals.
  • MTC machine type communications
  • Typical IoT applications include smart grids, smart agriculture, smart transportation, smart homes, and environmental monitoring. Since the Internet of Things needs to be applied in a variety of scenarios, such as outdoor, outdoor, ground and underground, etc., special requirements are put forward for the design of the Internet of Things:
  • Coverage enhancement Many MTC applications are used in environments with poor coverage. For example, electricity meters and water meters are usually installed indoors or even basements and other places with poor wireless network signals. At this time, coverage enhancement technologies are needed to solve them.
  • MTC devices Support a large number of low-rate devices: The number of MTC devices is far greater than the number of devices for human-to-human communication, but the transmitted data packets are small and are not sensitive to delay.
  • MTC devices are powered by batteries. But at the same time, in many scenarios, MTC requires that it can be used for more than ten years without changing the battery. This requires MTC equipment to work with extremely low power consumption.
  • the scheduling strategies of network equipment will be completely different for terminal equipment in different communication environments.
  • the terminal equipment at the center of the cell has better wireless channel conditions, and the network equipment uses less power to establish a reliable communication link, and can use large transmission code blocks, high-order modulation, and carrier bonding.
  • Technology for fast data transmission For the terminal equipment at the edge of the cell or in the basement, the wireless channel conditions are poor, and the network equipment needs to use more power to establish a reliable communication link, and it needs to use small transmission code blocks, low-level modulation, and more Techniques such as repeated transmission and spread spectrum can complete data transmission.
  • the concept of coverage enhancement level is introduced. Among them, the channel transmission conditions of the terminal equipment at the same coverage enhancement level are similar, and the network equipment can use similar scheduling parameters for the terminal equipment at the same coverage enhancement level, and their occupied control signaling overhead is also similar.
  • NPRACH narrowband physical random access channel
  • eMTC enhanced machine type communication
  • LTE-M long term evolution machine type communication
  • PRACH physical random access
  • the coverage enhancement level may also be referred to as the coverage level or the enhanced coverage level or the repetition level or the number of repetitions.
  • the coverage enhancement level is taken as an example for description. Each random access resource is mapped to a coverage enhancement level, and coverage enhancement levels are numbered starting from 0.
  • the mapping of random access resources and coverage enhancement levels increases with the number of repetitions of NPRACH, and the number of repetitions of NPRACH is configured by network equipment.
  • the mapping of random access resources and coverage enhancement levels increases with the number of repetitions of PRACH, and the number of repetitions of PRACH is configured by network equipment. For example, in the NB-IoT system, if there are 3 coverage enhancement levels, they are coverage enhancement level 0, coverage enhancement level 1, and coverage enhancement level 2.
  • the symbol " ⁇ " means less than.
  • transmission involved in this application may include the sending and/or receiving of data, and/or the sending and/or receiving of control information.
  • Words such as “first” and “second” are only used for the purpose of distinguishing description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance, nor as indicating or implying order.
  • the communication system 100 may include at least one network device 110.
  • the network device 110 may be a device that communicates with terminal devices, such as a base station or a base station controller. Each network device 110 can provide communication coverage for a specific geographic area, and can communicate with terminal devices located in the coverage area (cell).
  • the network device 110 may be a global system for mobile communications (GSM) system or a base transceiver station (BTS) in code division multiple access (CDMA), or it may be a broadband code division multiple access (CDMA) base station.
  • GSM global system for mobile communications
  • BTS base transceiver station
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • CDMA broadband code division multiple access
  • the base station (nodeB, NB) in the wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) system can also be an evolved NodeB (eNB or eNodeB) in the LTE system, or it can be a cloud radio access network (cloud radio).
  • the wireless controller in the access network (CRAN) scenario, or the network device can be a relay station, access point, in-vehicle device, wearable device, and network device in the future 5G network, for example, in the new radio (NR)
  • the base station (gNodeB or gNB) or the transmission receiving point/transmission reception point (TRP), or the network equipment 110 may also be the network equipment in the future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN), etc.,
  • PLMN public land mobile network
  • the communication system 100 also includes one or more terminal devices 120 located within the coverage area of the network device 110.
  • the terminal device 120 may be mobile or fixed.
  • the terminal device 120 may refer to an access terminal, user equipment (UE), user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile equipment, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication equipment, user Agent or user device.
  • UE user equipment
  • the access terminal can be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), with wireless communication Functional handheld devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, terminal devices in the future 5G network, or terminals in the future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN) Equipment, etc., this embodiment of the application does not limit this.
  • SIP session initiation protocol
  • WLL wireless local loop
  • PDA personal digital assistant
  • the network device 110 and the terminal device 120 may transmit data through air interface resources, and the air interface resources may include at least one of time domain resources, frequency domain resources, and code domain resources.
  • the network device 110 may send control information to the terminal device 120 through a control channel, such as a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), thereby providing the terminal device 120 with control information.
  • a control channel such as a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH)
  • Allocate data channels such as physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) or physical uplink shared channel (physical uplink shared channel, PUSCH) resources.
  • control information may indicate the symbol and/or resource block (resource block, RB) to which the data channel is mapped, and the network device 110 and the terminal device 120 perform data transmission on the allocated time-frequency resources through the data channel.
  • the above-mentioned data transmission may include downlink data transmission and/or uplink data transmission
  • downlink data (such as data carried in PDSCH) transmission may refer to the network device 110 sending data to the terminal device 120
  • uplink data such as data carried in PUSCH
  • Data can be data in a broad sense, such as user data, system information, broadcast information, or other information.
  • FIG. 1 exemplarily shows a network device and a terminal device.
  • the communication system 100 may include multiple network devices and the coverage of a network device may include other numbers of terminal devices.
  • the embodiment of the present application There is no restriction on this.
  • the network device in the flow may be the network device 110 in FIG. 1, and the terminal device may be the terminal device 120 in FIG. 1.
  • the flow may be:
  • the network device sends first configuration information, where the first configuration information is used to determine the first random access resource at the first coverage enhancement level.
  • the process may further include: a process for the network device to determine the first configuration information.
  • the terminal device receives the first configuration information.
  • the terminal device may determine the first random access resource at the first coverage enhancement level according to the first configuration information.
  • the first configuration information may be radio resource control (radio resource control, RRC) message or media access control (media access control, MAC) control element (CE) or system message or physical layer signaling, downlink Control information (downlink control information, DCI) or paging (paging) messages, etc.
  • the first configuration information is through a radio resource control (radio resource control, RRC) message or a media access control (media access control, MAC) control element (CE) or system message or physical layer signaling, downlink control information (downlink control information, DCI) or paging (paging) messages.
  • the terminal device determines the second coverage enhancement level.
  • the terminal device may compare the measured reference signal receiving power (RSRP) with the RSRP threshold in the broadcast message to determine the second coverage enhancement level .
  • RSRP measured reference signal receiving power
  • the reference signal receiving power has different names in different communication systems.
  • the reference signal receiving power in the NB-IoT system refers to the narrowband reference signal receiving power (NRSRP), eMTC or
  • the reference signal received power in the LTE-M or LTE-MTC or LTE system refers to RSRP.
  • NRSRP threshold 1 the NRSRP threshold corresponding to coverage enhancement level 1
  • NRSRP threshold 2 the NRSRP threshold corresponding to coverage enhancement level 2
  • the terminal device determines that the second coverage enhancement level in S203 is coverage enhancement level 2. Otherwise, if the NRSRP measured by the terminal device is less than the NRSRP threshold 1, the terminal device determines that the second coverage enhancement level in S203 is coverage enhancement level 1. Otherwise, the terminal device determines that the second coverage enhancement level in S203 is coverage enhancement level 0.
  • RSRP threshold corresponding to coverage enhancement level 1 can be called RSRP threshold 1
  • RSRP threshold 2 the RSRP threshold corresponding to coverage enhancement level 2
  • RSRP threshold 3 the RSRP threshold corresponding to coverage enhancement level 3
  • the terminal device determines that the second coverage enhancement level in S203 is coverage enhancement level 3. Otherwise, if the RSRP measured by the terminal device is less than the RSRP threshold 2, the terminal device determines that the second coverage enhancement level in S203 is coverage enhancement level 2. Otherwise, if the RSRP measured by the terminal device is less than the RSRP threshold 1, the terminal device determines that the second coverage enhancement level in S203 is coverage enhancement level 1. Otherwise, the terminal device determines that the second coverage enhancement level in S203 is coverage enhancement level 0.
  • the terminal device sends the first random access preamble to the network device according to the second coverage enhancement level and the first random access resource.
  • the network device receives the first random access preamble sent by the terminal device according to the first random access resource.
  • the specific implementation process for the foregoing S204 may be as follows: the network device determines a set of coverage enhancement levels for blind detection, the set of coverage enhancement levels for blind detection includes one or more coverage enhancement levels, and the coverage enhancement for blind detection Any coverage enhancement level in the level set is less than or equal to the first coverage enhancement level; the network device receives the first random access preamble sent by the terminal device according to the blindly detected coverage enhancement level set and the first random access resource.
  • the method in the process shown in FIG. 2 may further include: the network device sends a first message, the first message may be used to configure multiple random access resources, and each random access resource is mapped to a coverage enhancement level .
  • the first message may be SIB2-NB, SIB22-NB, or SIB23-NB, etc.
  • the first message may include a carrier configuration information list, and the carrier configuration information list It may include one or more carrier configuration information, and each carrier configuration information may include multiple random access resource sets.
  • each carrier configuration information may include 3 random access resource sets.
  • Each random access resource set corresponds to a different coverage enhancement level.
  • the configuration information of each random access resource set includes frequency domain information, time domain information, the number of preamble repetitions, and the maximum number of preamble repetitions.
  • the first message may be SIB2.
  • the first message may include multiple sets of random access resources.
  • Each random access resource set may include preamble index, frequency domain information, time domain information, the number of preamble repetitions, and the maximum number of preamble repetitions.
  • the method in the process shown in FIG. 2 may further include: the terminal device determines the start time of the first random access preamble, where the start time corresponds to the first random access signal under the first coverage enhancement level.
  • the start time of the preamble or, the network device determines the second configuration information, the network device sends the second configuration information, and correspondingly, the terminal device receives the second configuration information, and the terminal device determines according to the second configuration information that the first random The start time of the access preamble.
  • the start time in the embodiment of this application is only the determined start time at which the first random access preamble can be sent. Whether the terminal device sends the first random access preamble at the above start time , Depends on the operation of the terminal device side. For example, the terminal device may send the first random access preamble at the aforementioned starting time, or the terminal device may not send the first random access preamble at the aforementioned starting time, etc.
  • the embodiments of this application are not limited.
  • first configuration information and the second configuration information in the embodiment of the present application can be carried in one message for transmission, or the first configuration information and the second configuration information can be carried in different messages for transmission.
  • first configuration information and the second configuration information do not carry any messages and are sent separately, which is not limited in this application.
  • the method shown in FIG. 2 above can be applied to an NB-IoT system.
  • the first random access resource may include a first subcarrier, and the first configuration information may include first indication information, second indication information, and Three instructions.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate the index of the first subcarrier, or may be described as the first indication information used to instruct the terminal device to send the first random access preamble on which subcarrier.
  • the second indication information is used to indicate the format of the first random access preamble.
  • the format of the first random access preamble can be format 0/1 or format 2. For example, a value of 0 can be used to indicate preamble format 0/1 , Use the value 1 to represent the preamble format 2.
  • the third indication information is used to indicate the index of the first carrier, or may be described as the third indication information used to instruct the terminal device to send the first random access preamble on which carrier.
  • the bandwidth of one carrier is 180kHz
  • one NPRACH preamble occupies one subcarrier
  • the subcarrier of NPRACH preamble format 0/1 (preamble format 0/1)
  • the carrier bandwidth is 3.75kHz.
  • the sub-carrier bandwidth of NPRACH preamble format 2 is 1.25 kHz.
  • the length of the bits occupied by the first indication information is related to the format of the random access preamble. For example, when the format of the random access preamble is 0/1, this field can occupy 6 bits. When the format of the random access preamble is format 2, this field can occupy 8 bits.
  • the first random access resource may include a first subcarrier
  • the first configuration information may include fourth indication information and fifth indication information.
  • the fourth indication information is used to jointly indicate the index of the first subcarrier and the format of the first random access preamble.
  • the fifth indication information is used to indicate the index of the first carrier.
  • the preamble format may be associated with the subcarrier index to indicate.
  • the value of the fourth indication information as I sc, I sc when the value is 0 to 47 may indicate preamble format 0/1, and a sub-carrier index, subcarrier index values Is I sc , that is, the value of the subcarrier index can be a value from 0 to 47.
  • I sc When the value of I sc is 48 to 191, it can indicate the preamble format 2 and the subcarrier index.
  • the value of the subcarrier index is I sc -48, that is, the value of the subcarrier index can be from 48 to 191 A value.
  • a specific implementation of the foregoing S204 may be: the terminal device determines the first repetition number, the first repetition number is the repetition number corresponding to the second coverage enhancement level; the terminal device according to the first random access preamble format , On the first subcarrier in the first carrier, the first random access preamble is repeatedly sent to the network device, and the number of times the first random access preamble is sent is the first number of repetitions.
  • the carrier configuration information list configured in the first message includes 6 carriers, and the indexes of the 6 carriers are 0 to 5 in order.
  • the carrier index indicated by the first configuration information is 2, and 3 random access resources of coverage enhancement levels are configured on the carrier.
  • the carrier configuration information list for setting the first message configuration includes multiple carriers.
  • the index of the carrier indicated by the first configuration information is 2, and 3 random access resources of coverage enhancement levels are configured on the carrier, and the format of the random access preamble is format 0/1.
  • the random access resources of 3 coverage enhancement levels may include:
  • the number of repetitions corresponding to coverage enhancement level 0 is 0, and 12 subcarriers are occupied in the frequency domain.
  • the 12 subcarriers are numbered from 0 to 11 in order from low frequency to high frequency;
  • the number of repetitions corresponding to coverage enhancement level 1 is 8, which occupies 12 subcarriers in the frequency domain, and the 12 subcarriers are numbered from 12 to 23 in order from low frequency to high frequency;
  • the number of repetitions corresponding to coverage enhancement level 2 is 32, and 24 subcarriers are occupied in the frequency domain.
  • the 24 subcarriers are sequentially numbered from 24 to 47 in the order from low frequency to high frequency.
  • the network device may indicate carrier 2 and subcarrier 36. From the above, it can be seen that the coverage enhancement level corresponding to subcarrier 36 is coverage enhancement level 2. Then the random access resource corresponding to coverage enhancement level 2 can be the first random access resource in the process shown in FIG. 2 above. That is, the first random access resource in the process shown in FIG. 2 may be: 24 subcarriers are occupied in the frequency domain, and the 24 subcarriers are sequentially numbered 24 to 47 in the order from low frequency to high frequency. Coverage enhancement level 2 corresponds to the first coverage enhancement level in the flow of FIG. 2 described above.
  • the terminal device can determine the second coverage enhancement level in the process shown in FIG. 2 in the following manner, and after determining the second coverage enhancement level, it can send the random access preamble in the following manner:
  • the terminal device determines that its own coverage enhancement level is 2, that is, the second coverage enhancement level in the process shown in FIG. 2 is coverage enhancement level 2.
  • the terminal device determines that the number of NPRACH repetitions is the number of repetitions corresponding to coverage enhancement level 2, that is, 32 times.
  • the terminal device sends the random access preamble on carrier 2 and subcarrier 36 indicated by the network device according to the number of repetitions 32.
  • the terminal device determines that its coverage enhancement level is 1.
  • the terminal device determines that the number of NPRACH repetitions is the number of repetitions corresponding to coverage enhancement level 1, that is, 8 times.
  • the terminal device sends the random access preamble on carrier 2 and subcarrier 36 indicated by the network device according to the number of repetitions 8. It should be noted that even if the terminal device determines that its coverage enhancement level is 1, it still needs to use some random access parameters used in coverage enhancement level 2 when sending the preamble to avoid random access that is currently using coverage enhancement level 2
  • the resource sends the random access preamble conflict. For example, some time domain parameters, period and start time, etc. Some parameters can use random access parameters corresponding to coverage enhancement level 0, such as the maximum number of attempts for each random access resource and power control parameters.
  • the terminal device determines that its coverage enhancement level is 0.
  • the terminal device determines that the number of NPRACH repetitions is the number of repetitions corresponding to coverage enhancement level 0, that is, 2 times.
  • the terminal device sends the random access preamble on carrier 2 and subcarrier 36 indicated by the network device according to the number of repetitions 2. It should be noted that even if the terminal device determines that its coverage enhancement level is 0, it still needs to use certain random access parameters corresponding to coverage enhancement level 2 when sending the preamble to avoid random access that is currently using coverage enhancement level 2
  • the resource sends the random access preamble conflict. For example, time domain parameters, period and start time, etc. Some parameters can use random access parameters corresponding to coverage enhancement level 0, such as the maximum number of attempts for each random access resource and power control parameters.
  • the first random access resource indicated by the network device through the first configuration information may be a contention-free random access resource.
  • the method shown in Figure 2 above can be applied to eMTC or LTE-M or LTE-MTC systems.
  • the first random access resource includes a preamble sequence
  • the first configuration information may include sixth indication information and seventh indication.
  • Information and eighth instruction information are used to indicate the preamble index of the first random access preamble, and the preamble index is used to determine the preamble sequence of the first random access preamble.
  • the seventh indication information is used to indicate the mask index of the first random access preamble, and the mask index is used to determine the time domain resource of the first random access preamble.
  • the eighth indication information is used to indicate the resource block allocation information where the first random access preamble is located, and the resource block allocation information is used to determine the frequency domain resource of the first random access preamble.
  • a specific implementation of the foregoing S204 may be: the terminal device determines the second number of repetitions, the second number of repetitions, and the number of repetitions corresponding to the second coverage enhancement level.
  • the terminal device repeatedly sends the first random access preamble to the network device on the determined time domain resources and frequency domain resources of the first random access preamble, and the number of repetitions for sending the first random access preamble is the first Two repetition times, the sequence used by the first random access preamble is the preamble sequence.
  • the coverage enhancement level shown in Figure 5 the longer the length of the horizontal rectangular cabinet, the longer the transmission time, that is, the greater the number of repetitions required.
  • the width of the rectangular cabinet is 6 RB, that is, 6*180kHz.
  • the format of the preamble can be format 0/1/2/3.
  • the random access preamble occupies 839 subcarriers, and the bandwidth of each subcarrier is 1.25kHz.
  • the sequence carried by the random access preamble can be a ZC sequence.
  • the random access preamble may include 64 sequences.
  • the terminal device determines the coverage enhancement level according to the measurement, and the terminal device determines the number of repetitions according to the coverage enhancement level measured by the terminal device.
  • the method of this application can avoid the uplink interference problem caused by indicating an inappropriate coverage enhancement level, and can Guarantee the performance of random access preamble.
  • the network device does not indicate coverage enhancement level information, which can save signaling overhead.
  • the network equipment allocates random access resources with a higher coverage enhancement level, and there is no need to reserve a random access resource for the terminal device at each coverage enhancement level, which can reduce resource reservation and reduce random access resources. The impact of capacity.
  • the first random access resource indicated by the network device through the first configuration information may be a contention-free random access resource.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication method, which can realize random access of terminal equipment.
  • random access of terminal equipment includes contention-based random access and contention-free random access.
  • the method in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to contention-based random access, and can also be applied to contention-free random access.
  • the application of contention-free random access is taken as an example for description, which is not a limitation of the application.
  • This application provides a random access method, which is specifically as follows:
  • the network device sends the first message to the terminal device.
  • the first message is used to configure multiple random access resources, and each random access resource is mapped to a coverage enhancement level.
  • the first message refers to the introduction in the process shown in FIG. 2 above, which will not be described here.
  • the network device sends first configuration information to the terminal device, where the first configuration information is used to determine the first random access resource.
  • first configuration information please refer to the introduction in the foregoing embodiment, which is not described here.
  • the terminal equipment determines the third coverage enhancement level.
  • the method for the terminal device to determine the third coverage enhancement level is similar to the method for the terminal device to determine the second coverage enhancement level in the foregoing embodiment, and will not be described here.
  • the terminal device determines the random access resource under the third coverage enhancement level according to the first configuration information.
  • the subcarrier index of the random access resource under the third coverage enhancement level determined by the terminal device may be: Subcarrier index+NumCBRA-StartSubcarriers+nprach-SubcarrierOffset.
  • NumCBRA-StartSubcarriers represents the number of subcarriers allocated to contention-based random access.
  • nprach-SubcarrierOffset represents the frequency domain position of the first subcarrier of the frequency domain resource allocated to NPRACH.
  • NumCBRA-StartSubcarriers and nprach-SubcarrierOffset are the corresponding configuration parameters under the third coverage enhancement level.
  • the terminal device sends a random access preamble to the network device on the determined random access resource according to the number of repetitions corresponding to the third coverage enhancement level.
  • the index of the carrier indicated by the first configuration information is 4, and 3 random access resources of coverage enhancement levels are configured on the carrier, and the format of the random access preamble is format 0/1
  • the format of the random access preamble is format 0/1
  • the number of repetitions corresponding to coverage enhancement level 0 is 2, and 12 subcarriers are occupied in the frequency domain.
  • the 12 subcarriers are sequentially numbered from 0 to 11 from low frequency to high frequency.
  • the subcarrier index used for contention-based random access It is 0 ⁇ 7, and the subcarrier index used for contention-free random access is 8 ⁇ 11;
  • the number of repetitions corresponding to coverage enhancement level 1 is 8, and 12 sub-carriers are occupied in the frequency domain.
  • the 12 sub-carriers are numbered from 12 to 23 in order from low frequency to high frequency.
  • the sub-carrier index used for contention-based random access It is 12-19, and the sub-carrier index used for contention-free random access is 20-23;
  • the number of repetitions corresponding to coverage enhancement level 2 is 32, and 24 subcarriers are occupied in the frequency domain.
  • the 24 subcarriers are sequentially numbered from low frequency to high frequency from 24 to 47.
  • the subcarrier index used for contention-based random access It is 24-43
  • the sub-carrier index used for contention-free random access is 44-47.
  • the terminal device may measure RSRP, and based on the measured RSRP result, determine the third coverage enhancement level.
  • the first configuration information indicates that the carrier 4 is indicated by the network device, and the subcarrier in the contention-free resource is 1 as an example. It can be understood that the subcarrier in the contention-free resource is 1 means that the subcarrier in carrier 4 The second subcarrier in the contention-free resource corresponding to each coverage enhancement level.
  • the terminal device determines the random access resource under the third coverage enhancement level according to the first configuration information. Specific examples are as follows:
  • the terminal device determines that the coverage enhancement level is 2.
  • the terminal device determines that the number of NPRACH repetitions is the number of repetitions corresponding to coverage enhancement level 2, that is, 32 times.
  • the subcarrier of the network device in the contention-free resource indicated by the first configuration information is 1, and the terminal device determines according to the first configuration information that the subcarrier is the subcarrier 44-47 of the contention-free random access corresponding to the coverage enhancement level 2. 2 subcarriers, namely subcarrier 45.
  • the terminal device can send the random access preamble on carrier 4 and subcarrier 45 indicated by the network device according to the number of repetitions 32.
  • the terminal device determines that its enhanced coverage enhancement level is 1.
  • the terminal device determines that the number of repetitions of NPRACH is the number of repetitions corresponding to enhanced coverage enhancement level 1, that is, 8 times.
  • the subcarrier of the network device in the contention-free resource indicated by the first configuration information is 1, and the terminal device determines, according to the first configuration information, that the subcarrier is the subcarrier 20 to 23 for contention-free random access corresponding to coverage enhancement level 1. If the second subcarrier is subcarrier 21, the terminal device sends a random access preamble on carrier 4 and subcarrier 21 indicated by the network device according to the number of repetitions 8.
  • the terminal device determines that its enhanced coverage enhancement level is 0.
  • the terminal device determines that the number of NPRACH repetitions is the number of repetitions corresponding to enhanced coverage enhancement level 0, that is, 2 times.
  • the subcarrier of the network device in the contention-free resource indicated by the first configuration information is 0, and the terminal device determines according to the first configuration information that the subcarrier is the subcarrier 8-11 for contention-free random access corresponding to coverage enhancement level 0 If the second subcarrier is subcarrier 9, the terminal device sends a random access preamble on carrier 4 and subcarrier 9 indicated by the network device according to the number of repetitions 2.
  • the terminal device determines the coverage enhancement level based on measurement. Compared with the case where the network device blindly indicates the coverage enhancement level, the method of this application can avoid the indication of inappropriate coverage enhancement level.
  • the uplink interference problem can also guarantee the performance of the random access preamble.
  • the network equipment does not indicate the coverage enhancement level, which can save signaling overhead.
  • the methods provided in the embodiments of the present application are introduced from the perspectives of network equipment, terminal, interaction between network equipment and terminal, and interaction between terminal and terminal.
  • the network device and the terminal may include hardware structures and/or software modules, and the above functions are implemented in the form of hardware structures, software modules, or hardware structures plus software modules. Whether one of the above-mentioned functions is executed in a hardware structure, a software module, or a hardware structure plus a software module depends on the specific application and design constraint conditions of the technical solution.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an apparatus 600 including a processing module 601 and a transceiver module 602.
  • the apparatus 600 is used to implement the function of the terminal device in the foregoing method.
  • the device can be a terminal device or a device in a terminal device.
  • the device may be a chip system.
  • the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the transceiver module 602 is configured to receive first configuration information from a network device, where the first configuration information is used to determine the first random access resource at the first coverage enhancement level;
  • the processing module 601 is configured to determine a second coverage enhancement level, and control the transceiver module 602 to send a first random access preamble to the network device according to the second coverage enhancement level and the first random access resource.
  • the apparatus 600 is used to implement the function of the network device in the foregoing method.
  • the device can be a network device or a device in a network device.
  • the device may be a chip system.
  • the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.
  • the processing module 601 is configured to determine first configuration information; the transceiver module 602 is configured to send first configuration information to the terminal device, where the first configuration information is used to determine the first random access resource at the first coverage enhancement level; The processing module 601 is further configured to control the transceiver module 602 to receive the first random access preamble sent by the terminal device according to the first random access resource.
  • the division of modules in the embodiments of the present application is illustrative, and is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • the functional modules in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one process. In the device or module, it can also exist alone physically, or two or more modules can be integrated into one module.
  • the above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional modules.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides an apparatus 700.
  • the device 700 is used to implement the function of the terminal device in the above method, and the device may be a terminal device or a device in a terminal device.
  • the apparatus 700 includes at least one processor 701, configured to implement the function of the terminal device in the foregoing method.
  • the processor 701 may determine the second coverage enhancement level, and according to the second coverage enhancement level and the first random access resource, control the communication interface 703 to send the first random access preamble to the network device.
  • the device 700 may also include at least one memory 702 for storing program instructions and/or data.
  • the memory 702 and the processor 701 are coupled.
  • the coupling in the embodiments of the present application is an interval coupling or a communication connection between devices, units or modules, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms, and is used for information exchange between devices, units or modules.
  • the processor 701 may cooperate with the memory 702 to operate.
  • the processor 701 may execute program instructions stored in the memory 702. At least one of the at least one memory may be included in the processor.
  • the apparatus 700 may further include a communication interface 703 for communicating with other devices through a transmission medium, so that the apparatus used in the apparatus 700 can communicate with other devices.
  • the communication interface 703 may be a transceiver, circuit, bus, module, pin, or other type of communication interface, and the other device may be a network device.
  • the processor 701 uses the communication interface 703 to send and receive data, and is used to implement the method in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the apparatus 700 is used to implement the function of the network device in the foregoing method.
  • the apparatus may be a network device or a device in a network device.
  • the apparatus 700 includes at least one processor 701, configured to implement the function of the network device in the foregoing method.
  • the processor 701 may determine the first configuration information, and receive the first random access preamble sent by the terminal device according to the first random access resource control communication interface 703.
  • the device 700 may also include a memory 702 for storing program instructions and/or data.
  • the memory 702 and the processor 701 are coupled.
  • the coupling in the embodiments of the present application is an interval coupling or a communication connection between devices, units, or modules, and may be in telecommunication, mechanical or other forms, and is used for information exchange between devices, units, or modules.
  • the processor 701 may cooperate with the memory 702 to operate.
  • the processor 701 may execute program instructions stored in the memory 702. At least one of the at least one memory may be included in the processor.
  • the apparatus 700 may further include a communication interface 703 for communicating with other devices through a transmission medium, so that the apparatus used in the apparatus 700 can communicate with other devices.
  • the communication interface 703 may be a transceiver, circuit, bus, module, pin, or other type of communication interface, and the other device may be a terminal device.
  • the processor 701 uses the communication interface 703 to send and receive data, and is used to implement the method in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the connection medium between the aforementioned communication interface 703, the processor 701, and the memory 702.
  • the memory 702, the processor 701, and the communication interface 703 are connected by a bus 704 in FIG. 7.
  • the bus is represented by a thick line in FIG. 7.
  • the connection mode between other components is only for schematic illustration. , Is not limited.
  • the bus can be divided into address bus, data bus, control bus, etc. For ease of representation, only a thick line is used in FIG. 7, but it does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
  • the processor may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, a discrete hardware component, and may implement or Perform the methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly embodied as being executed and completed by a hardware processor, or executed and completed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor.
  • the memory may be a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD), etc., or a volatile memory (volatile memory), for example Random-access memory (random-access memory, RAM).
  • the memory is any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto.
  • the memory in the embodiments of the present application may also be a circuit or any other device capable of realizing a storage function, for storing program instructions and/or data.
  • the methods provided in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof.
  • software When implemented by software, it can be implemented in the form of a computer program product in whole or in part.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer may be a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, a computer network, network equipment, user equipment, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center integrated with one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, and a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a digital video disc (digital video disc, DVD for short)), or a semiconductor medium (for example, SSD).
  • the embodiments can be mutually cited.
  • methods and/or terms between method embodiments can be mutually cited, such as functions and/or functions between device embodiments.
  • Or terms may refer to each other, for example, functions and/or terms between the device embodiment and the method embodiment may refer to each other.
  • At least one refers to one or more, and “multiple” refers to two or more.
  • And/or describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: A alone exists, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A, B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the associated objects are in an “or” relationship.
  • "The following at least one item (a)” or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item (a) or plural items (a).
  • At least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, or a and b and c, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

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Abstract

一种通信方法及装置，该方法包括：终端设备从网络设备接收第一配置信息，所述第一配置信息用于确定第一覆盖增强等级下的第一随机接入资源；终端设备确定第二覆盖增强等级；终端设备根据第二覆盖增强等级以及第一随机接入资源，向网络设备发送第一随机接入前导码。采用本申请实施例中的方法及装置，可实现终端设备的随机接入。

Description

一种通信方法及装置 技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法及装置。
背景技术
在上行失败，下行数据传输和切换等场景下，网络设备可向终端设备发送下行控制信息(downlink control information，DCI)，该DCI用于触发送终端设备的随机接入过程。比如，所述DCI中可携带一个随机接入资源，所述随机接入资源中可包括前导码格式、随机接入前导码的重复次数、载波索引以及子载波索引等。终端设备可根据所述DCI中携带的随机接入资源，执行随机接入过程。
但有些场景下，网络设备是无法获取终端设备的覆盖情况的，相应的终端设备也无法确定随机接入前导码的重复次数，此时终端设备如何执行随机接入，是当前的研究热点。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种通信方法及装置，以实现终端设备的随机接入。
第一方面，提供一种通信方法，包括：终端设备从网络设备接收第一配置信息，所述第一配置信息用于确定第一覆盖增强等级下的第一随机接入资源；所述终端设备确定第二覆盖增强等级；所述终端设备根据所述第二覆盖增强等级以及所述第一随机接入资源，向所述网络设备发送第一随机接入前导码。
由上可见，在本申请实施例中，终端设备自己确定第二覆盖增强等级，相对于，网络设备盲目指示覆盖增强等级，可保证随机接入前导码的性能。同时，网络设备无需指示覆盖增强等级，可节省信令开销。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第二覆盖增强等级小于或等于所述第一覆盖增强等级。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一随机接入资源包括第一子载波，所述第一配置信息中包括第一指示信息、第二指示信息以及第三指示信息；其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一子载波的索引，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述第一随机接入前导码的格式，所述第三指示信息用于指示第一载波的索引。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一随机接入资源包括第一子载波，所述第一配置信息中包括第四指示信息和第五指示信息；所述第四指示信息用于联合指示所述第一子载波的索引以及所述第一随机接入前导码的格式，所述第五指示信息用于指示第一载波的索引。
由上可见，在本申请实施例中，采用一个指示信息联合指示第一子载波的索引和第一随机接入前导码的格式。相对于，采用不同的指示信息分别指示第一子载波的索引和第一随机接入前导码的格式，可节省信令开销。
在一种可能的设计中，所述终端设备根据所述第二覆盖增强等级以及所述第一随机接入资源，向所述网络设备发送第一随机接入前导码，包括：所述终端设备确定第一重复次数，所述第一重复次数为所述第二覆盖增强等级对应的重复次数；所述终端设备根据所述第一随机接入前导码格式，在所述第一载波中的所述第一子载波上，向所述网络设备重复发送所述第一随机接入前导码，发送所述第一随机接入前导码的重复次数为所述第一重复 次数。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一随机接入资源包括前导码序列，所述第一配置信息中包括第六指示信息、第七指示信息和第八指示信息；所述第六指示信息用于指示所述第一随机接入前导码的前导码索引，所述前导码索引用于确定所述第一随机接入前导码的前导码序列；所述第七指示信息用于指示所述第一随机接入前导码的掩码索引，所述掩码索引用于确定所述第一随机接入前导码的时域资源；所述第八指示信息用于指示所述第一随机接入前导码所在的资源块分配信息，所述资源块分配信息用于确定所述第一随机接入前导码的频域资源。
在一种可能的设计中，所述终端设备根据所述第二覆盖增强等级以及所述第一随机接入资源，向所述网络设备发送第一随机接入前导码，包括：所述终端设备确定第二重复次数，所述第二重复次数为所述第二覆盖增强等级对应的重复次数；所述终端设备在确定的所述第一随机接入前导码的时域资源和频域资源上，向所述网络设备重复发送所述第一随机接入前导码，发送所述第一随机接入前导码的重复次数为所述第二重复次数，所述第一随机接入前导码使用的序列为所述前导码序列。
在一种可能的设计中，在所述终端设备根据所述第二覆盖增强等级以及第一随机接入资源，向所述网络设备发送第一随机接入前导码之前，所述方法还包括：所述终端设备确定发送所述第一随机接入前导码的起始时间，所述起始时间对应第一覆盖增强等级下发送第二随机接入前导码时的起始时间；或者，所述终端设备从所述网络设备接收第二配置信息，并根据所述第二配置信息确定发送所述第一随机接入前导码的起始时间。
第二方面，提供一种通信方法，包括：网络设备确定第一配置信息；所述网络设备向终端设备发送所述第一配置信息，所述第一配置信息用于确定第一覆盖增强等级下的第一随机接入资源；所述网络设备根据所述第一随机接入资源，接收所述终端设备发送的第一随机接入前导码。
在一种可能的设计中，所述网络设备根据所述第一随机接入资源，接收所述终端设备发送的第一随机接入前导码，包括：所述网络设备确定盲检测的覆盖增强等级集合，所述盲检测的覆盖增强等级集合中任意一个覆盖增强等级小于或等于所述第一覆盖增强等级；所述网络设备根据所述盲检测的覆盖增强等级集合和所述第一随机接入资源，接收所述终端设备发送的第一随机接入前导码。
在一种可能的设计中，所述网络设备根据所述第一随机接入资源接收所述终端设备发送的第一随机接入前导码，还包括：所述网络设备向终端设备确定盲检测的覆盖增强等级，所述盲检测的覆盖增强等级小于或等于所述第一覆盖增强等级；所述网络设备根据所述盲检测的覆盖增强等级和所述第一随机接入资源接收所述终端设备发送的第一随机接入前导码。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一随机接入资源包括第一子载波，所述第一配置信息中包括第一指示信息、第二指示信息以及第三指示信息；其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一子载波的索引，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述第一随机接入前导码的格式，所述第三指示信息用于指示第一载波的索引。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一随机接入资源包括第一子载波，所述第一配置信息中包括第四指示信息和第五指示信息；所述第四指示信息用于联合指示所述第一子载波的索引以及所述第一随机接入前导码的格式，所述第五指示信息用于指示第一载波的索引。
在一种可能的设计中，所述网络设备根据所述盲检测的覆盖增强等级集合和所述第一随机接入资源，接收所述终端设备发送的第一随机接入前导码，包括：所述网络设备根据所述第一随机接入前导码格式，在所述第一载波中的所述第一子载波上，按照所述盲检测的覆盖增强等级集合中每个覆盖增强等级对应的重复次数接收所述终端设备发送的所述第一随机接入前导码。
在一种可能的设计中，所述第一随机接入资源包括前导码序列，所述第一配置信息中包括第六指示信息、第七指示信息和第八指示信息；所述第六指示信息用于指示所述第一随机接入前导码的前导码索引，所述前导码索引用于确定所述第一随机接入前导码的前导码序列；所述第七指示信息用于指示所述第一随机接入前导码的掩码索引，所述掩码索引用于确定所述第一随机接入前导码的时域资源；所述第八指示信息用于指示所述第一随机接入前导码所在的资源块分配信息，所述资源块分配信息用于确定所述第一随机接入前导码的频域资源。
在一种可能的设计中，所述网络设备根据所述盲检测的覆盖增强等级集合和所述第一随机接入资源，接收所述终端设备发送的第一随机接入前导码，包括：所述网络设备在确定的所述第一随机接入前导码的时域资源和频域资源上，按照所述盲检测的覆盖增强等级集合中每个覆盖增强等级对应的重复次数接收所述终端设备发送的所述第一随机接入前导码，所述第一随机接入前导码使用的序列为所述前导码序列。
在一种可能的设计中，在所述网络设备根据所述第一随机接入资源接收所述终端设备发送的第一随机接入前导码之前，所述方法还包括：所述网络设备确定接收所述第一随机接入前导码的起始时间，所述起始时间对应第一覆盖增强等级下接收第一随机接入前导码时的起始时间；或者，所述网络设备向所述终端设备发送第二配置信息，所述第二配置信息用于所述终端设备确定发送所述第一随机接入前导码的起始时间。
第三方面，提供一种通信装置，该装置可以是终端设备，也可以是终端设备中的装置，或者是能够和终端设备匹配使用的装置。一种设计中，该装置可以包括执行第一方面中所描述的方法/操作/步骤/动作所一一对应的模块，该模块可以是硬件电路，也可是软件，也可以是硬件电路结合软件实现。示例性地，该装置可以包括收发模块和处理模块，且收发模块和处理模块可以执行上述第一方面任一种设计示例中的相应功能，具体的：
收发模块，用于从网络设备接收第一配置信息，第一配置信息用于确定第一覆盖增强等级条件下的第一随机接入资源；
处理模块，用于确定第二覆盖增强等级，以及根据所述第二覆盖增强等级以及所述第一随机接入资源，控制所述收发模块向所述网络设备发送第一随机接入前导码。
关于收发模块和处理模块的功能可参考第一方面的记载，在此不再说明。
第四方面，提供一种通信装置，该装置可以是网络设备，也可以是网络设备中的装置，或者是能够和网络设备匹配使用的装置。一种设计中，该装置可以包括执行第二方面中所描述的方法/操作/步骤/动作所一一对应的模块，该模块可以是硬件电路，也可是软件，也可以是硬件电路结合软件实现。示例性地，该装置可以包括收发模块和处理模块，且收发模块和处理模块用于执行上述第二方面任一种设计示例中的相应功能，具体的：
处理模块，用于确定第一配置信息；
收发模块，用于向终端设备发送第一配置信息，所述第一配置信息用于确定第一覆盖增强等级下的第一随机接入资源；
所述处理模块，还用于根据所述第一随机接入资源，控制所述收发模块接收所述终端设备发送的第一随机接入前导码。
关于收发模块和处理模块的具体功能，可参见上述第二方面的记载，在此不再说明。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种装置，所述装置包括处理器，用于实现上述第一方面描述的方法。所述装置还可以包括存储器，用于存储指令和/或数据。所述存储器与所述处理器耦合，所述处理器执行所述存储器中存储的程序指令时，可以实现上述第一方面描述的方法。所述装置还可以包括通信接口，所述通信接口用于该装置与其它设备进行通信，示例性的，通信接口可以是收发器、电路、总线、模块、管脚或其它类型的通信接口，其它设备可以为网络设备等。在一种可能的设备中，该装置包括：
存储器，用于存储程序指令；
通信接口，用于从网络设备接收第一配置信息，所述第一配置信息用于确定第一覆盖增强等级下的第一随机接入资源；
处理模块，用于确定第二覆盖增强等级，以及根据所述第二覆盖增强等级以及所述第一随机接入资源，控制所述通信接口向所述网络设备发送第一随机接入前导码。
所述处理器和通信接口的功能，可以参考第一方面的记载，这里不再赘述。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供一种装置，所述装置包括处理器，用于实现上述第二方面描述的方法。所述装置还可以包括存储器，用于存储指令和/或数据。所述存储器与所述处理器耦合，所述处理器执行所述存储器中存储的程序指令时，可以实现上述第二方面描述的方法。所述装置还可以包括通信接口，所述通信接口用于该装置与其它设备进行通信，示例性的，通信接口可以是收发器、电路、总线、模块、管脚或其它类型的通信接口，其它设备可以为终端设备等。在一种可能的设备中，该装置包括：
存储器，用于存储程序指令；
处理器，用于确定第一配置信息。
通信接口，用向终端设备发送第一配置信息，所述第一配置信息用于确定第一覆盖增强等级下的第一随机接入资源；
所述处理模块，还用于根据所述第一随机接入资源，控制所述通信接口接收所述终端设备发送的第一随机接入前导码。
所述处理器和通信接口的功能，可以参考第二方面的记载，这里不再赘述。
第七方面，本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，包括指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第一方面、第一方面任一种可能设计、第二方面或第二方面任一种可能设计的方法。
第八方面，本申请实施例还提供一种芯片系统，该芯片系统包括处理器，还可以包括存储器，用于实现第一方面、第一方面任一种可能设计、第二方面或第二方面任一种可能设计的方法。该芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
第九方面，本申请实施例中还提供一种计算机程序产品，包括指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第一方面、第一方面任一种可能设计、第二方面或第二方面任一种可能设计的方法。
第十方面，本申请实施例提供了一种系统，所述系统包括第三方面或者第五方面所述的装置、和第四方面或者第六方面所述的装置。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的通信系统的示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的通信方法的流程图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的随机接入前导码的格式示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的NB-IoT的随机接入资源示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的eMTC的随机接入资源示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的虚拟装置的结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的实体装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面对本申请实施例所使用到的一些通信名词或术语进行解释说明，该通信名词或术语也作为本申请实施例的一部分内容。
一、终端设备
终端设备可以简称为终端，是一种具有无线收发功能的设备。终端设备可以部署在陆地上，包括室内或室外、手持或车载；也可以部署在水面上(如轮船等)；还可以部署在空中(例如飞机、气球和卫星上等)。所述终端设备可以是手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑(pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端设备、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端设备、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端设备、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端设备、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端设备、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端设备、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端设备，以及还可以包括用户设备(user equipment，UE)等。终端设备还可以是蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字助理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备，未来第五代(5th generation，5G)网络中的终端设备或者未来演进的公用陆地移动通信网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)中的终端设备等。终端设备有时也可以称为终端、用户设备(user equipment，UE)、接入终端设备、车载终端设备、工业控制终端设备、UE单元、UE站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端设备、移动设备、UE终端设备、终端设备、无线通信设备、UE代理或UE装置等。终端设备也可以是固定的或者移动的。本申请实施例对此并不限定。
本申请实施例中，用于实现终端的功能的装置可以是终端；也可以是能够支持终端实现该功能的装置，例如芯片系统，该装置可以被安装在终端中。本申请实施例中，芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包括芯片和其他分立器件。本申请实施例提供的技术方案中，以用于实现终端的功能的装置是终端，以终端是UE为例，描述本申请实施例提供的技术方案。
二、网络设备
网络设备可以是接入网设备，接入网设备也可以称为无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)设备，是一种为终端设备提供无线通信功能的设备。接入网设备例如包括但不限于： 5G中的下一代基站(generation nodeB，gNB)、演进型节点B(evolved node B，eNB)、无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved nodeB，或home node B，HNB)、基带单元(baseband unit，BBU)、收发点(transmitting and receiving point，TRP)、发射点(transmitting point，TP)、移动交换中心等。接入网设备还可以是云无线接入网络(cloud radio access network，CRAN)场景下的无线控制器、集中单元(centralized unit，CU)，和/或分布单元(distributed unit,DU)，或者网络设备可以为中继站、接入点、车载设备、终端设备、可穿戴设备以及未来5G网络中的网络设备或者未来演进的PLMN网络中的网络设备等。终端设备可以与不同技术的多个接入网设备进行通信，例如，终端设备可以与支持长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)的接入网设备通信，也可以与支持5G的接入网设备通信，还可以与支持LTE的接入网设备以及支持5G的接入网设备的双连接。本申请实施例并不限定。
本申请实施例中，用于实现网络设备的功能的装置可以是网络设备；也可以是能够支持网络设备实现该功能的装置，例如芯片系统，该装置可以被安装在网络设备中。在本申请实施例提供的技术方案中，以用于实现网络设备的功能的装置是网络设备，以网络设备是基站为例，描述本申请实施例提供的技术方案。
三、物联网(internet of things，IoT)
物联网是物物相连的互联网，它将物联网中的用户端扩展到任何物品与物品之间进行信息交换和通信。物联网也可称为机器间通信(machine type communications，MTC)，通信的节点也可称为MTC终端。
典型的物联网应用包括智能电网、智能农业、智能交通、智能家居以及环境检测等各个方面。由于物联网需要应用于多种场景中，比如室外、室外、地上和地下等，因此对物联网的设计提出了许了特殊的要求：
覆盖增强：许多的MTC应用在覆盖较差的环境下，比如电表水表等通常安装在室内甚至地下室等无线网络信号很差的地方，这个时候需要覆盖增强的技术来解决。
支持大量低速率设备：MTC设备的数量要远远大于人与人通信的设备数量，但是传输的数据包很小，并且对延时并不敏感。
非常低的成本：许多MTC应用要求能够以非常低的成本获得并使用MTC设备，从而能够大规模部署。
低能量消耗：在大多数情况下，MTC设备是通过电池来供电的。但是同时在很多场景下，MTC又要求能够使用十年以上而不需要更换电池。这就要求MTC设备能够以极低的电力消耗来工作。
四、覆盖增强
由于物联网系统需要支持很大的覆盖范围，对于不同通信环境下的终端设备，网络设备的调度策略将完全不同。比如，处于小区中心位置的终端设备，无线信道条件较好，网络设备使用较小的功率，即可建立可靠的通信链路，并且可以使用大的传输码块、高阶调制和载波绑定等技术快速的进行数据传输。而对于小区边缘或位于地下室的终端设备，无线信道条件较差，网络设备需要使用的较大的功率，才可建立可靠的通信链路，并且需要使用小的传输码块、低阶调制、多次重复发送和扩频等技术才能完成数据传输。
为了保证通信的可靠性，节省网络的发送功率，需要对不同信道条件的终端设备进行 区分，以便于网络设备进行调度。基于上述引入了覆盖增强等级的概念。其中，处于同一覆盖增强等级的终端设备的信道传输条件相似，网络设备对同一覆盖增强等级的终端设备可以采用相似的调度参数，它们占用的控制信令开销也相似。
目前，在窄带物联网(narrow band internet of things,NB-IoT)系统中，只针对窄带物理随机接入(narrowband physical random access channel，NPRACH)引入覆盖增强等级的概念。在增强型机器类通信(enhanced machine type communication,eMTC)系统，或者长期演进机器类通信(long term evolution machine type communication,LTE-M或者LTE-MTC)系统中，只针对物理随机接入(physical random access channel，PRACH)引入覆盖增强等级的概念。所述覆盖增强等级，也可称为覆盖等级或者增强覆盖等级或者重复等级或者重复次数。在本申请实施例中，以覆盖增强等级为例进行说明。每一个随机接入资源会映射到一个覆盖增强等级，覆盖增强等级是从0开始编号的。对于NB-IoT系统，随机接入资源和覆盖增强等级的映射随着NPRACH的重复次数递增，NPRACH的重复次数通过网络设备配置。对于eMTC或者LTE-M或者LTE-MTC系统，随机接入资源和覆盖增强等级的映射随着PRACH的重复次数递增，PRACH的重复次数通过网络设备配置。比如，NB-IoT系统中，如果有3个覆盖增强等级，分别为覆盖增强等级0，覆盖增强等级1和覆盖增强等级2。则覆盖增强等级0关联的随机接入资源中NPRACH重复次数<覆盖增强等级1关联的随机接入资源中NPRACH重复次数<覆盖增强等级2关联的随机接入资源中NPRACH重复次数。LTE-M或者LTE-MTC系统中，如果有4个覆盖增强等级，分别为覆盖增强等级0，覆盖增强等级1，覆盖增强等级2和覆盖增强等级3。则覆盖增强等级0关联的随机接入资源中PRACH重复次数<覆盖增强等级1关联的随机接入资源中PRACH重复次数<覆盖增强等级2关联的随机接入资源中PRACH重复次数<覆盖增强等级3关联的随机接入资源中PRACH重复次数。其中符号”<”表示小于。
需要指出的是，本申请中涉及的名词“传输”可以包括数据的发送和/或接收，和/或控制信息的发送和/或接收。“第一”、“第二”等词汇，仅用于区分描述的目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性，也不能理解为指示或暗示顺序。
图1示出了本申请实施例应用的通信系统100之一。该通信系统100可以包括至少一个网络设备110。网络设备110可以是与终端设备通信的设备，如基站或基站控制器等。每个网络设备110可以为特定的地理区域提供通信覆盖，并且可以与位于该覆盖区域(小区)内的终端设备进行通信。该网络设备110可以是全球移动通信(global system for mobile communications，GSM)系统或码分多址(code division multiple access，CDMA)中的基站(base transceiver station，BTS)，也可以是宽带码分多址(wideband code division multiple access，WCDMA)系统中的基站(nodeB，NB)，还可以是LTE系统中的演进型基站(evolved NodeB，eNB或eNodeB)，还可以是云无线接入网络(cloud radio access network，CRAN)场景下的无线控制器，或者该网络设备可以为中继站、接入点、车载设备、可穿戴设备以及未来5G网络中的网络设备，例如，新无线(new radio，NR)中的基站(gNodeB或gNB)或收发点(transmission receiving point/transmission reception point，TRP)，或者网络设备110还可以是未来演进的公共陆地移动网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)中的网络设备等，本申请实施例并不限定。
该通信系统100还包括位于网络设备110覆盖范围内的一个或多个终端设备120。该终端设备120可以是移动的或固定的。该终端设备120可以指接入终端、用户设备(user  equipment，UE)、用户单元、用户站、移动站、移动台、远方站、远程终端、移动设备、用户终端、终端、无线通信设备、用户代理或用户装置。接入终端可以是蜂窝电话、无绳电话、会话启动协议(session initiation protocol，SIP)电话、无线本地环路(wireless local loop，WLL)站、个人数字处理(personal digital assistant，PDA)、具有无线通信功能的手持设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其它处理设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备、未来5G网络中的终端设备或者未来演进的公共陆地移动网络(public land mobile network，PLMN)中的终端设备等，本申请实施例对此并不限定。
其中，网络设备110与终端设备120间可以通过空口资源进行数据传输，空口资源可以包括时域资源、频域资源，码域资源中的至少一种。具体来说，网络设备110和终端设备120进行数据传输时，网络设备110可以通过控制信道，如物理下行控制信道(physical downlink control channel，PDCCH)向终端设备120发送控制信息，从而为终端设备120分配数据信道，如物理下行共享信道(physical downlink shared channel，PDSCH)或物理上行共享信道(physical uplink shared channel，PUSCH)的资源。比如该控制信息可以指示数据信道所映射至的符号和/或资源块(resource block，RB)，网络设备110和终端设备120在该分配的时频资源通过数据信道进行数据传输。其中，上述数据传输可以包括下行数据传输和/或上行数据传输，下行数据(如PDSCH携带的数据)传输可以指网络设备110向终端设备120发送数据，上行数据(如PUSCH携带的数据)传输可以是指终端设备120向网络设备110发送数据。数据可以是广义的数据，比如可以是用户数据，也可以是系统信息，广播信息，或其他的信息等。
图1示例性地示出了一个网络设备和一个终端设备，可选地，该通信系统100可以包括多个网络设备并且一个网络设备的覆盖范围内可以包括其它数量的终端设备，本申请实施例对此不作限定。
如图2所示，提供一种通信方法的流程，该流程中的网络设备可为上述图1中的网络设备110，终端设备可为上述图1中的终端设备120，该流程可为：
S201.网络设备发送第一配置信息，所述第一配置信息用于确定第一覆盖增强等级下的第一随机接入资源。可选的，所述流程还可包括：网络设备确定第一配置信息的过程。
S202.终端设备接收第一配置信息。
其中，终端设备可根据第一配置信息，确定第一覆盖增强等级下的第一随机接入资源。示例的，第一配置信息可为无线资源控制(radio resource control,RRC)消息或者媒体接入控制(media access control，MAC)控制元素(control element,CE)或者系统消息或者物理层信令、下行控制信息(downlink control information,DCI)或者寻呼(paging)消息等。或者，第一配置信息通过无线资源控制(radio resource control,RRC)消息或者媒体接入控制(media access control，MAC)控制元素(control element,CE)或者系统消息或者物理层信令、下行控制信息(downlink control information,DCI)或者寻呼(paging)消息等携带。
S203.终端设备确定第二覆盖增强等级。
示例的，针对上述S203的具体实现过程可如下：终端设备可根据测量得到的参考信号接收功率(reference signal receiving power，RSRP)与广播消息中的RSRP门限值进行比较，确定第二覆盖增强等级。需要说明的是参考信号接收功率在不同的通信系统中有不同的名称，比如NB-IoT系统中参考信号接收功率指的是窄带参考信号接收功率(narrow band reference signal receiving power，NRSRP)，eMTC或者LTE-M或者LTE-MTC或者LTE系 统中参考信号接收功率指的是RSRP。
比如，NB-IoT系统中最多可以设定三个覆盖增强等级，分别为覆盖增强等级0、覆盖增强等级1和覆盖增强等级2，使用两个NRSRP门限值，覆盖增强等级1对应的NRSRP门限值可称为NRSRP门限1，覆盖增强等级2所对应的NRSRP门限值可称为NRSRP门限2。具体的：
如果终端设备测量得到的NRSRP小于NRSRP门限2，则终端设备确定上述S203中的第二覆盖增强等级为覆盖增强等级2。否则，如果终端设备测量得到的NRSRP小于NRSRP门限1，则终端设备确定上述S203中的第二覆盖增强等级为覆盖增强等级1。否则，终端设备确定上述S203中的第二覆盖增强等级为覆盖增强等级0。
比如，eMTC或者LTE-M或者LTE-MTC系统中最多可以设定四个覆盖增强等级，分别为覆盖增强等级0、覆盖增强等级1，覆盖增强等级2和覆盖增强等级3，使用三个RSRP门限值，覆盖增强等级1对应的RSRP门限值可称为RSRP门限1，覆盖增强等级2所对应的RSRP门限值可称为RSRP门限2，覆盖增强等级3所对应的RSRP门限值可称为RSRP门限3。具体的：
如果终端设备测量得到的RSRP小于RSRP门限3，则终端设备确定上述S203中的第二覆盖增强等级为覆盖增强等级3。否则，如果终端设备测量得到的RSRP小于RSRP门限2，则终端设备确定上述S203中的第二覆盖增强等级为覆盖增强等级2。否则，如果终端设备测量得到的RSRP小于RSRP门限1，则终端设备确定上述S203中的第二覆盖增强等级为覆盖增强等级1。否则，终端设备确定上述S203中的第二覆盖增强等级为覆盖增强等级0。
S204.终端设备根据第二覆盖增强等级以及第一随机接入资源，向网络设备发送第一随机接入前导码。
S205.网络设备根据第一随机接入资源，接收终端设备发送的第一随机接入前导码。
示例的，针对上述S204的具体实现过程可如下：网络设备确定盲检测的覆盖增强等级集合，所述盲检测的覆盖增强等级集合中包括一个或多个覆盖增强等级，所述盲检测的覆盖增强等级集合中任意一个覆盖增强等级小于或等于第一覆盖增强等级；网络设备根据盲检测的覆盖增强等级集合和第一随机接入资源，接收终端设备发送的第一随机接入前导码。
可选的，图2所示流程中的方法还可包括：网络设备发送第一消息，所述第一消息可用于配置多个随机接入资源，每个随机接入资源映射到一个覆盖增强等级。
示例的，对于NB-IoT系统，所述第一消息可以是SIB2-NB、SIB22-NB或SIB23-NB等，所述第一消息中可包括一个载波配置信息列表，所述载波配置信息列表中可包括一个或多个载波配置信息，每个载波配置信息中可以包括多个随机接入资源集合。比如，每个载波配置信息中可以包括3个随机接入资源集合。每个随机接入资源集合分别对应不同的覆盖增强等级。每个随机接入资源集合的配置信息包括频域信息、时域信息、前导码重复次数以及前导码重复的最大次数等。
示例的，对于eMTC系统，所述第一消息可以是SIB2。所述第一消息可以包括多个随机接入资源集合。每个随机接入资源集合可包括前导码索引，频域信息，时域信息，前导码重复次数以及前导码重复的最大次数等。
可选的，图2所示流程中的方法还可包括：终端设备确定第一随机接入前导码的起始 时间，所述起始时间对应第一覆盖增强等级下可以发送第一随机接入前导码时的起始时间；或者，网络设备确定第二配置信息，网络设备发送第二配置信息，相应的，终端设备接收第二配置信息，终端设备根据第二配置信息确定可以发送第一随机接入前导码的起始时间。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中的起始时间，仅是确定的可以发送第一随机接入前导码的起始时间，终端设备是否在上述起始时间，发送第一随机接入前导码，取决于终端设备侧的操作。比如，终端设备可以在上述起始时间，发送第一随机接入前导码，或者，终端设备在上述起始时间，不发送第一随机接入前导码等。本申请实施例不作限定。
可以理解的是，本申请实施例中的第一配置信息和第二配置信息可携带在一个消息中进行发送，或者，第一配置信息和第二配置信息可携带在不同的消息中进行发送，或者，第一配置信息和第二配置信息并不携带有任何消息中，单独发送等，本申请并不作限定。
实施例一
上述图2所示的方法，可应用于NB-IoT系统中，所述第一随机接入资源可包括第一子载波，第一配置信息中可包括第一指示信息、第二指示信息和第三指示信息。
其中，第一指示信息用于指示第一子载波的索引，或者，可以描述为第一指示信息用于指示终端设备在那个子载波上发送第一随机接入前导码。第二指示信息用于指示第一随机接入前导码的格式，所述第一随机接入前导码的格式可为格式0/1或格式2，比如，可用数值0表示前导码格式0/1，用数值1表示前导码格式2。第三指示信息用于指示第一载波的索引，或者，可以描述为第三指示信息用于指示终端设备在那个载波上发送第一随机接入前导码。
示例的，如图3所示，设定在NB-IoT系统中，一个载波的带宽为180kHz，一个NPRACH前导码占用一个子载波，NPRACH前导码格式0/1(preamble format 0/1)的子载波带宽是3.75kHz，对于NPRACH前导码格式0/1，一个载波最多可以支持180/3075＝48个NPRACH前导码。NPRACH前导码格式2的子载波带宽是1.25kHz，对于NPRACH前导码格式2，一个载波最多可以支持180/1.25kHz＝144个NPRACH前导码。
第一指示信息所占用比特的长度，与随机接入前导码的格式是相关的。比如，当随机接入前导码的格式为0/1时，该字段可占用6比特。当随机接入前导码的格式为格式2时，该字段可占用8比特。
或者，所述第一随机接入资源可包括第一子载波，第一配置信息中可包括第四指示信息和第五指示信息。
其中，所述第四指示信息用于联合指示第一子载波的索引和第一随机接入前导码的格式。第五指示信息用于指示第一载波的索引。
通过上述记载可知，对于前导码格式0/1，子载波带宽为3.75kHz，在一个载波内，最多有48个子载波。对于前导码格式2，子载波带宽为1.25kHz，在一个载波内，最多有144个子载波。在本申请实施例中，可将前导码格式与子载波索引联系指示。比如，在表1中，第四指示信息指示的数值为I sc，当I sc的取值为0至47时，可指示前导码格式0/1，以及子载波索引，子载波索引的取值为I sc，即子载波索引的取值可以为0至47中一个值。当I sc的取值为48至191时，可指示前导码格式2，以及子载波索引，子载波索引的取值为I sc-48，即子载波索引的取值可以为48至191中的一个值。
表1
第四指示信息(I sc) 子载波索引 格式
0-47 I sc 前导码格式0/1
48-191 I sc-48 前导码格式2
针对上述实施例一，上述S204的一种具体实现可为：终端设备确定第一重复次数，第一重复次数为第二覆盖增强等级对应的重复次数；终端设备根据第一随机接入前导码格式，在第一载波中的第一子载波上，向网络设备重复发送第一随机接入前导码，发送第一随机接入前导码的次数为第一重复次数。
示例的，在本申请实施例中，如图4所示，在第一消息配置的载波配置信息列表中包括6个载波，所述6个载波的索引依次为0至5。第一配置信息所指示的载波索引为2，该载波上配置了3个覆盖增强等级的随机接入资源。3个覆盖增强等级，分别为覆盖增强等级0、覆盖增强等级1以及覆盖增强等级2。设定终端设备确定的覆盖增强等级为覆盖增强等级0，第一配置信息所指示的子载波索引为0，那么终端设备发送第一随机接入前导码的过程可参见图4中的记载。可以解理的是，在图4所示的示例中，是以第一随机接入前导码包括4个符号组为示例进行说明的。
在本申请实施例中，以NB-IoT系统为例，设定第一消息配置的载波配置信息列表中包括多个载波。第一配置信息所指示的载波的索引为2，且该载波上配置了3个覆盖增强等级的随机接入资源，随机接入前导码的格式为格式0/1。具体的，3个覆盖增强等级的随机接入资源可包括：
覆盖增强等级0对应的重复次数为0，频域上占用12个子载波，12个子载波按照由低频到高频的顺序依次编号为0至11；
覆盖增强等级1对应的重复次数为8，频域上占用12个子载波，12个子载波按照由低频到高频的顺序依次编号为12至23；
覆盖增强等级2对应的重复次数为32，频域上占用24个子载波，24个子载波按照由低频到高频的顺序依次编号为24至47。
在本申请实施例中，网络设备可指示载波2，子载波36，通过上述可以看出，子载波36所对应的覆盖增强等级为覆盖增强等级2。那么覆盖增强等级2所对应的随机接入资源即可为上述图2所示流程中的第一随机接入资源。即图2所示流程中的第一随机接入资源可为：频域上占用24个子载波，24个子载波按照由低频到高频的顺序依次编号为24至47。覆盖增强等级2对应于上述图2流程中的第一覆盖增强等级。
终端设备可采用以下方式，确定上述图2所示流程中的第二覆盖增强级，且确定第二覆盖增强等级后，可按照以下方式，发送随机接入前导码：
如果终端设备测量的NRSRP小于覆盖增强等级2对应的NRSRP门限值，则终端设备确定自己的覆盖增强等级为2，即上述图2所示流程中的第二覆盖增强等级为覆盖增强等级2。终端设备确定NPRACH重复次数为覆盖增强等级2对应的重复次数，即32次。终端设备按照重复次数32，在网络设备指示的载波2和子载波36上发送随机接入前导码。
如果终端设备测量的NRSRP小于覆盖增强等级1对应的NRSRP门限，则终端设备确定自己的覆盖增强等级为1。终端设备确定NPRACH重复次数为覆盖增强等级1对应的重复次数，即8次。终端设备按照重复次数8，在网络设备指示的载波2和子载波36上发送随机接入前导码。需要说明的是，即使终端设备确定自己的覆盖增强等级为1，发送前导 码时仍需使用覆盖增强等级2所使用的一些随机接入参数，以避免与正在采用覆盖增强等级2的随机接入资源发送随机接入前导码冲突。比如，某些时域参数、周期和起始时间等。某些参数可使用覆盖增强等级0对应的随机接入参数，例如每个随机接入资源的最大尝试次数和功率控制参数等。
如果终端设备测量的RSRP不小于覆盖增强等级1对应的RSRP门限，则终端设备确定自己的覆盖增强等级为0。终端设备确定NPRACH重复次数为覆盖增强等级0对应的重复次数，即2次。终端设备按照重复次数2，在网络设备指示的载波2和子载波36上发送随机接入前导码。需要说明的是，即使终端设备确定自己的覆盖增强等级为0，发送前导码时仍需要使用覆盖增强等级2对应的某些随机接入参数，以避免与正在采用覆盖增强等级2的随机接入资源发送随机接入前导码冲突。例如，时域参数，周期和起始时间等。某些参数可使用覆盖增强等级0对应的随机接入参数，例如每个随机接入资源的最大尝试次数和功率控制参数等。
本实施例中网络设备通过第一配置信息指示的第一随机接入资源可以是免竞争的随机接入资源。
实施例二
上述图2所示的方法，可应用于eMTC或LTE-M或者LTE-MTC系统中，第一随机接入资源中包括前导码序列，第一配置信息中可包括第六指示信息、第七指示信息和第八指示信息。第六指示信息用于指示第一随机接入前导码的前导码索引，所述前导码索引用于确定第一随机接入前导码的前导码序列。第七指示信息用于指示第一随机接入前导码的掩码索引，掩码索引用于确定第一随机接入前导码的时域资源。第八指示信息用于指示第一随机接入前导码所在的资源块分配信息，资源块分配信息用于确定第一随机接入前导码的频域资源。
针对上述实施例一，上述S204的一种具体实现可为：终端设备确定第二重复次数，第二重复次数第二覆盖增强等级所对应的重复次数。终端设备在确定的第一随机接入前导码的时域资源和频域资源上，向网络设备重复发送第一随机接入前导码，发送所述第一随机接入前导码的重复次数为第二重复次数，第一随机接入前导码使用的序列为前导码序列。
示例的，在本申请实施例中，如图5所示，针对eMTC或LTE-M或者LTE-MTC系统，可配置4个覆盖增强等级，编号分别为覆盖增强等级0至覆盖增强等级3。在图5所示的覆盖增强等级中，横向矩形柜的长度越长，代表传输时间越长，即所需的重复次数越大。矩形柜的宽度为6个RB，即6*180kHz。前导码的格式可为格式0/1/2/3，随机接入前导码实现占用839个子载波，每个子载波的带宽为1.25kHz，随机接入前导码所承载的序列可为ZC序列，所述随机接入前导码可其包括64个序列。
由上可见，在本申请实施例中，终端设备根据测量确定覆盖增强等级，终端设备根据自己所测量的覆盖增强等级，确定重复次数。在网络设备无法获取终端设备覆盖条件的场景下，与网络设备盲目指示覆盖增强等级的方案相比，采用本申请的方法，可以避免因为指示不合适的覆盖增强等级导致的上行干扰问题，同时可以保证随机接入前导码的性能。进一步的，在本申请实施例中，网络设备不指示覆盖增强等级信息，可节省信令开销。再进一步的，网络设备分配较高的覆盖增强等级的随机接入资源，不需要每个覆盖增强等级都给终端设备预留一个随机接入资源，可以减少资源预留，减少对随机接入资源容量的影 响。
本实施例中网络设备通过第一配置信息指示的第一随机接入资源可以是免竞争的随机接入资源。
实施例三
本申请实施例中提供一种通信方法，该通信方法可实现终端设备的随机接入。在NB-IoT系统中，终端设备的随机接入包括基于竞争(contention based)的随机接入和免竞争(contention free)的随机接入。本申请实施例中的方法，可应用于基于竞争的随机接入，也可应用于基于免竞争的随机接入。在下述示例中，以应用于免竞争的随机接入为例进行说明，并不作为对本申请的限定。本申请提供一种随机接入方法，具体如下：
一、网络设备向终端设备发送第一消息。其中，第一消息用于配置多个随机接入资源，每个随机接入资源映射到一个覆盖增强等级。关于第一消息具体可参见上述图2所示流程中的介绍，在此不再说明。
二、网络设备向终端设备发送第一配置信息，所述第一配置信息用于确定第一随机接入资源。关于第一配置信息可参见上述实施例中的介绍，在此不再说明。
三、终端设备确定第三覆盖增强等级。终端设备确定第三覆盖增强等级的方法，与上述实施例中，终端设备确定第二覆盖增强等级的方法相似，在此不再说明。
四、终端设备根据第一配置信息，确定第三覆盖增强等级下的随机接入资源。
示例的，设定第一配置信息中所指示的子载波索引为第一子载波索引，那么终端设备所确定的第三覆盖增强等级下的随机接入资源所在的子载波索引可为：第一子载波索引+NumCBRA-StartSubcarriers+nprach-SubcarrierOffset。其中，NumCBRA-StartSubcarriers表示的是分配给基于竞争的随机接入的子载波个数。nprach-SubcarrierOffset表示分配给NPRACH的频域资源的第一个子载波的频域位置。其中NumCBRA-StartSubcarriers和nprach-SubcarrierOffset为第三覆盖增强等级下对应的配置参数。
五、终端设备根据第三覆盖增强等级对应的重复次数，在确定的随机接入资源上向网络设备发送随机接入前导码。
比如，在本申请实施例中，以第一配置信息所指示的载波的索引为4，该载波上配置3个覆盖增强等级的随机接入资源，随机接入前导码的格式为格式0/1为例：
覆盖增强等级0对应的重复次数为2，频域上占用12个子载波，12个子载波按照由低频到高频的顺序依次编号为0～11，其中用于基于竞争的随机接入的子载波索引为0～7，用于免竞争的随机接入的子载波索引为8～11；
覆盖增强等级1对应的重复次数为8，频域上占用12个子载波，12个子载波按照由低频到高频的顺序依次编号为12～23，其中用于基于竞争的随机接入的子载波索引为12～19，用于免竞争的随机接入的子载波索引为20～23；
覆盖增强等级2对应的重复次数为32，频域上占用24个子载波，24个子载波按照由低频到高频的顺序依次编号为24～47，其中用于基于竞争的随机接入的子载波索引为24～43，用于免竞争的随机接入的子载波索引为44～47。
示例的，终端设备可测量RSRP，基于测量的RSRP结果，确定第三覆盖增强等级。
在本申请实施例中，以网络设备在第一配置信息指示载波4，免竞争资源中的子载波为1为例进行说明，可以理解的是，免竞争中的子载波为1表示载波4中各个覆盖增强等 级下对应的免竞争资源中的第2个子载波。终端设备根据第一配置信息，确定第三覆盖增强等级下的随机接入资源。具体示例如下：
如果终端设备测量的RSRP值小于覆盖增强等级2对应的RSRP门限值，则终端设备确定覆盖增强等级为2。终端设备确定NPRACH重复次数为覆盖增强等级2对应的重复次数，即32次。网络设备在第一配置信息指示的免竞争资源中的子载波为1，终端设备根据第一配置信息确定子载波为覆盖增强等级2对应的免竞争随机接入的子载波44-47中的第2个子载波，即子载波45。终端设备可按照重复次数32在网络设备指示的载波4，子载波45上发送随机接入前导码。
如果终端设备测量的RSRP值小于增强覆盖增强等级1对应的RSRP门限值，则终端设备确定自己的增强覆盖增强等级为1。终端设备确定NPRACH重复次数为增强覆盖增强等级1对应的重复次数，即8次。网络设备在第一配置信息指示的免竞争资源中的子载波为1，终端设备根据第一配置信息确定子载波为覆盖增强等级1对应的用于免竞争随机接入的子载波20～23中的第2个子载波，即子载波21，则终端设备按照重复次数8在网络设备指示的载波4，子载波21上发送随机接入前导码。
如果终端设备测量的RSRP值不小于增强覆盖增强等级1对应的RSRP门限，则终端设备确定自己的增强覆盖增强等级为0。终端设备确定NPRACH重复次数为增强覆盖增强等级0对应的重复次数，即2次。网络设备在第一配置信息指示的免竞争资源中的子载波为0，终端设备根据第一配置信息确定子载波为覆盖增强等级0对应的用于免竞争随机接入的子载波8～11中的第2个子载波，即子载波9，则终端设备按照重复次数2在网络设备指示的载波4，子载波9上发送随机接入前导码。
在本申请实施例中，终端设备根据测量确定覆盖增强等级，相对于，与网络设备盲目指示覆盖增强等级的情况相比，采用本申请的方法，可以避免因为指示不合适的覆盖增强等级导致的上行干扰问题，同时可以保证随机接入前导码的性能。同时，网络设备不指示覆盖增强等级，可以节省信令开销。
上述本申请提供的实施例中，分别从网络设备、终端、网络设备和终端之间交互、以及终端和终端交互的角度对本申请实施例提供的方法进行了介绍。为了实现上述本申请实施例提供的方法中的各功能，网络设备和终端可以包括硬件结构和/或软件模块，以硬件结构、软件模块、或硬件结构加软件模块的形式来实现上述各功能。上述各功能中的某个功能以硬件结构、软件模块、还是硬件结构加软件模块的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。
与上述构思相同，如图6所示，本申请实施例还提供一种装置600，包括处理模块601和收发模块602。
一示例中，该装置600用于实现上述方法中终端设备的功能。该装置可以是终端设备，也可以是终端设备中的装置。其中，该装置可以为芯片系统。本申请实施例中，芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
收发模块602，用于从网络设备接收第一配置信息，所述第一配置信息用于确定第一覆盖增强等级下的第一随机接入资源；
处理模块601，用于确定第二覆盖增强等级，以及根据所述第二覆盖增强等级以及所述第一随机接入资源，控制收发模块602向所述网络设备发送第一随机接入前导码。
在该示例中，关于处理模块601和收发模块602的具体执行过程，可参见上述方法实施例中终端设备侧的记载，在此不再说明。
另一示例中，该装置600用于实现上述方法中网络设备的功能。该装置可以是网络设备，也可以是网络设备中的装置。其中，该装置可以为芯片系统。本申请实施例中，芯片系统可以由芯片构成，也可以包含芯片和其他分立器件。
处理模块601，用于确定第一配置信息；收发模块602，用于向终端设备发送第一配置信息，所述第一配置信息用于确定第一覆盖增强等级下的第一随机接入资源；处理模块601，还用于根据所述第一随机接入资源，控制所述收发模块602接收所述终端设备发送的第一随机接入前导码。
在该示例中，关于处理模块601和收发模块602的具体执行过程，可参见上述方法实施例中网络设备侧的记载，在此不再说明。
本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能模块可以集成在一个处理器或模块中，也可以是单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上模块集成在一个模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。
与上述构思相同，如图7所示，本申请实施例还提供一种装置700。
一示例中，该装置700用于实现上述方法中终端设备的功能，该装置可以是终端设备，也可以是终端设备中的装置。
装置700包括至少一个处理器701，用于实现上述方法中终端设备的功能。示例地，处理器701可确定第二覆盖增强等级，以及根据第二覆盖增强等级以及第一随机接入资源，控制通信接口703向网络设备发送第一随机接入前导码。
装置700还可以包括至少一个存储器702，用于存储程序指令和/或数据。存储器702和处理器701耦合。本申请实施例中的耦合是装置、单元或模块之间的间隔耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式，用于装置、单元或模块之间的信息交互。处理器701可以和存储器702协同操作。处理器701可能执行存储器702中存储的程序指令。所述至少一个存储器中的至少一个可以包括于处理器中。
装置700还可以包括通信接口703，用于通过传输介质和其它设备进行通信，从而用于装置700中的装置可以和其它设备进行通信。示例性地，通信接口703可以是收发器、电路、总线、模块、管脚或其它类型的通信接口，该其它设备可以是网络设备。处理器701利用通信接口703收发数据，并用于实现上述实施例中的方法。
在该示例中，关于处理器701和通信接口703的具体工作过程，可参见上述方法实施例中关于终端设备侧的介绍，在此不再说明。
另一示例中，该装置700用于实现上述方法中网络设备的功能，该装置可以是网络设备，也可以是网络设备中的装置。
装置700包括至少一个处理器701，用于实现上述方法中网络设备的功能。示例地，处理器701，可确定第一配置信息、根据第一随机接入资源控制通信接口703接收终端设备发送的第一随机接入前导码。
装置700还可包括一个存储器702，用于存储程序指令和/或数据。存储器702和处理器701耦合。本申请实施例中的耦合是装置、单元或模块之间的间隔耦合或通信连接，可以是电信，机械或其它的形式，用于装置、单元或模块之间的信息交互。处理器701可以和存储器702协同操作。处理器701可能执行存储器702中存储的程序指令。所述至少一个存储器中的至少一个可以包括于处理器中。
装置700还可以包括通信接口703，用于通过传输介质和其它设备进行通信，从而用于装置700中的装置可以和其它设备进行通信。示例性地，通信接口703可以是收发器、电路、总线、模块、管脚或其它类型的通信接口，该其它设备可以是终端设备。处理器701利用通信接口703收发数据，并用于实现上述实施例中的方法。
在该示例中，关于处理器701和通信接口703的具体工作过程，可参见上述方法实施例中关于网络设备侧的介绍，在此不再说明。
本申请实施例中不限定上述通信接口703、处理器701以及存储器702之间的连接介质。本申请实施例在图7中以存储器702、处理器701以及通信接口703之间通过总线704连接，总线在图7中以粗线表示，其它部件之间的连接方式，仅是进行示意性说明，并不引以为限。所述总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为了便于表示，图7中仅用一条粗线表示，但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
在本申请实施例中，处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器、专用集成电路、现场可编程门阵列或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件，可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件处理器执行完成，或者用处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。
在本申请实施例中，存储器可以是非易失性存储器，比如硬盘(hard disk drive，HDD)或固态硬盘(solid-state drive，SSD)等，还可以是易失性存储器(volatile memory)，例如随机存取存储器(random-access memory，RAM)。存储器是能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。本申请实施例中的存储器还可以是电路或者其它任意能够实现存储功能的装置，用于存储程序指令和/或数据。
本申请实施例提供的方法中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本发明实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、网络设备、用户设备或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，简称DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机可以存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，数字视频光盘(digital video disc，简称DVD))、或者半导体介质(例如,SSD)等。
显然，本领域的技术人员可以对本申请进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本申请的范围。这样，倘若本申请的这些修改和变型属于本申请权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，则本申请也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。
在本申请实施例中，在无逻辑矛盾的前提下，各实施例之间可以相互引用，例如方法实施例之间的方法和/或术语可以相互引用，例如装置实施例之间的功能和/或术语可以相互引用，例如装置实施例和方法实施例之间的功能和/或术语可以相互引用。
本申请实施例中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B的情况，其中A,B可以是单数或者复数。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如，a,b,或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a,b,c,a和b,a和c,b和c,或a和b和c，其中a,b,c可以是单个，也可以是多个。

Claims (34)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    终端设备从网络设备接收第一配置信息，所述第一配置信息用于确定第一覆盖增强等级下的第一随机接入资源；
    所述终端设备确定第二覆盖增强等级；
    所述终端设备根据所述第二覆盖增强等级以及所述第一随机接入资源，向所述网络设备发送第一随机接入前导码。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二覆盖增强等级小于或等于所述第一覆盖增强等级。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一随机接入资源包括第一子载波，所述第一配置信息中包括第一指示信息、第二指示信息以及第三指示信息；
    其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一子载波的索引，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述第一随机接入前导码的格式，所述第三指示信息用于指示第一载波的索引。
  4. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一随机接入资源包括第一子载波，所述第一配置信息中包括第四指示信息和第五指示信息；
    所述第四指示信息用于联合指示所述第一子载波的索引以及所述第一随机接入前导码的格式，所述第五指示信息用于指示第一载波的索引。
  5. 如权利要求1至4任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备根据所述第二覆盖增强等级以及所述第一随机接入资源，向所述网络设备发送第一随机接入前导码，包括：
    所述终端设备确定第一重复次数，所述第一重复次数为所述第二覆盖增强等级对应的重复次数；
    所述终端设备根据所述第一随机接入前导码格式，在所述第一载波中的所述第一子载波上，向所述网络设备重复发送所述第一随机接入前导码，发送所述第一随机接入前导码的重复次数为所述第一重复次数。
  6. 如权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一随机接入资源包括前导码序列，所述第一配置信息中包括第六指示信息、第七指示信息和第八指示信息；
    所述第六指示信息用于指示所述第一随机接入前导码的前导码索引，所述前导码索引用于确定所述第一随机接入前导码的前导码序列；
    所述第七指示信息用于指示所述第一随机接入前导码的掩码索引，所述掩码索引用于确定所述第一随机接入前导码的时域资源；
    所述第八指示信息用于指示所述第一随机接入前导码所在的资源块分配信息，所述资源块分配信息用于确定所述第一随机接入前导码的频域资源。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备根据所述第二覆盖增强等级以及所述第一随机接入资源，向所述网络设备发送第一随机接入前导码，包括：
    所述终端设备确定第二重复次数，所述第二重复次数为所述第二覆盖增强等级对应的重复次数；
    所述终端设备在确定的所述第一随机接入前导码的时域资源和频域资源上，向所述网络设备重复发送所述第一随机接入前导码，发送所述第一随机接入前导码的重复次数为所 述第二重复次数，所述第一随机接入前导码使用的序列为所述前导码序列。
  8. 如权利要求1至7任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述终端设备根据所述第二覆盖增强等级以及第一随机接入资源，向所述网络设备发送第一随机接入前导码之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备确定发送所述第一随机接入前导码的起始时间，所述起始时间对应第一覆盖增强等级下发送第二随机接入前导码时的起始时间；或者，
    所述终端设备从所述网络设备接收第二配置信息，并根据所述第二配置信息确定发送所述第一随机接入前导码的起始时间。
  9. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    网络设备确定第一配置信息；
    所述网络设备向终端设备发送所述第一配置信息，所述第一配置信息用于确定第一覆盖增强等级下的第一随机接入资源；
    所述网络设备根据所述第一随机接入资源，接收所述终端设备发送的第一随机接入前导码。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络设备根据所述第一随机接入资源，接收所述终端设备发送的第一随机接入前导码，包括：
    所述网络设备确定盲检测的覆盖增强等级集合，所述盲检测的覆盖增强等级集合中任意一个覆盖增强等级小于或等于所述第一覆盖增强等级；
    所述网络设备根据所述盲检测的覆盖增强等级集合和所述第一随机接入资源，接收所述终端设备发送的第一随机接入前导码。
  11. 如权利要求9或10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一随机接入资源包括第一子载波，所述第一配置信息中包括第一指示信息、第二指示信息以及第三指示信息；
    其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一子载波的索引，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述第一随机接入前导码的格式，所述第三指示信息用于指示第一载波的索引。
  12. 如权利要求9或10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一随机接入资源包括第一子载波，所述第一配置信息中包括第四指示信息和第五指示信息；
    所述第四指示信息用于联合指示所述第一子载波的索引以及所述第一随机接入前导码的格式，所述第五指示信息用于指示第一载波的索引。
  13. 如权利要求10至12任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络设备根据所述盲检测的覆盖增强等级集合和所述第一随机接入资源，接收所述终端设备发送的第一随机接入前导码，包括：
    所述网络设备根据所述第一随机接入前导码格式，在所述第一载波中的所述第一子载波上，按照所述盲检测的覆盖增强等级集合中每个覆盖增强等级对应的重复次数接收所述终端设备发送的所述第一随机接入前导码。
  14. 如权利要求9或10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一随机接入资源包括前导码序列，所述第一配置信息中包括第六指示信息、第七指示信息和第八指示信息；
    所述第六指示信息用于指示所述第一随机接入前导码的前导码索引，所述前导码索引用于确定所述第一随机接入前导码的前导码序列；
    所述第七指示信息用于指示所述第一随机接入前导码的掩码索引，所述掩码索引用于确定所述第一随机接入前导码的时域资源；
    所述第八指示信息用于指示所述第一随机接入前导码所在的资源块分配信息，所述资源块分配信息用于确定所述第一随机接入前导码的频域资源。
  15. 如权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络设备根据所述盲检测的覆盖增强等级集合和所述第一随机接入资源，接收所述终端设备发送的第一随机接入前导码，包括：
    所述网络设备在确定的所述第一随机接入前导码的时域资源和频域资源上，按照所述盲检测的覆盖增强等级集合中每个覆盖增强等级对应的重复次数接收所述终端设备发送的所述第一随机接入前导码，所述第一随机接入前导码使用的序列为所述前导码序列。
  16. 如权利要求9至15任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在所述网络设备根据所述第一随机接入资源接收所述终端设备发送的第一随机接入前导码之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述网络设备确定接收所述第一随机接入前导码的起始时间，所述起始时间对应第一覆盖增强等级下接收第一随机接入前导码时的起始时间；或者，
    所述网络设备向所述终端设备发送第二配置信息，所述第二配置信息用于所述终端设备确定发送所述第一随机接入前导码的起始时间。
  17. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    收发模块，用于从网络设备接收第一配置信息，所述第一配置信息用于确定第一覆盖增强等级下的第一随机接入资源；
    处理模块，用于确定第二覆盖增强等级，以及根据所述第二覆盖增强等级以及所述第一随机接入资源，控制所述收发模块向所述网络设备发送第一随机接入前导码。
  18. 如权利要求17所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二覆盖增强等级小于或等于所述第一覆盖增强等级。
  19. 如权利要求17或18所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一随机接入资源包括第一子载波，所述第一配置信息中包括第一指示信息、第二指示信息以及第三指示信息；
    其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一子载波的索引，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述第一随机接入前导码的格式，所述第三指示信息用于指示第一载波的索引。
  20. 如权利要求17或18所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一随机接入资源包括第一子载波，所述第一配置信息中包括第四指示信息和第五指示信息；
    所述第四指示信息用于联合指示所述第一子载波的索引以及所述第一随机接入前导码的格式，所述第五指示信息用于指示第一载波的索引。
  21. 如权利要求17至20任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块在根据所述第二覆盖增强等级以及所述第一随机接入资源，控制所述收发模块向所述网络设备发送所述第一随机接入前导码时，具体用于：
    确定第一重复次数，所述第一重复次数为所述第二覆盖增强等级对应的重复次数；
    根据所述第一随机接入前导码格式，在所述第一载波中的所述第一子载波上，控制所述收发模块向所述网络设备重复发送所述第一随机接入前导码，发送所述第一随机接入前导码的次数为所述第一重复次数。
  22. 如权利要求17或18所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一随机接入资源包括前导码序列，所述第一配置信息中包括第六指示信息、第七指示信息和第八指示信息；
    所述第六指示信息用于指示所述第一随机接入前导码的前导码索引，所述前导码索引用于确定所述第一随机接入前导码的前导码序列；
    所述第七指示信息用于指示所述第一随机接入前导码的掩码索引，所述掩码索引用于确定所述第一随机接入前导码的时域资源；
    所述第八指示信息用于指示所述第一随机接入前导码所在的资源块分配信息，所述资源块分配信息用于确定所述第一随机接入前导码的频域资源。
  23. 如权利要求22所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块在根据所述第二覆盖增强等级以及所述第一随机接入资源，控制所述收发模块向所述网络设备发送第一随机接入前导码时，具体用于：
    确定第二重复次数，所述第二重复次数为所述第二覆盖增强等级对应的重复次数；
    在确定的所述第一随机接入前导码的时域资源和频域资源上，控制所述收发模块向所述网络设备重复发送所述第一随机接入前导码，发送所述第一随机接入前导码的重复次数为所述第二重复次数，所述第一随机接入前导码使用的序列为所述前导码序列。
  24. 如权利要求17至23任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块还用于：
    确定发送所述第一随机接入前导码的起始时间，所述起始时间对应第一覆盖增强等级下发送第一随机接入前导码时的起始时间；或者，
    所述收发模块还用于：从所述网络设备接收第二配置信息；
    所述处理模块还用于：根据所述第二配置信息确定发送所述第一随机接入前导码的起始时间。
  25. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括：
    处理模块，用于确定第一配置信息；
    收发模块，用于向终端设备发送第一配置信息，所述第一配置信息用于确定第一覆盖增强等级下的第一随机接入资源；
    所述处理模块，还用于根据所述第一随机接入资源，控制所述收发模块接收所述终端设备发送的第一随机接入前导码。
  26. 如权利要求25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块在根据所述第一随机接入资源，控制所述收发模块接收所述终端设备发送的第一随机接入前导码时，具体用于：
    确定盲检测的覆盖增强等级集合，所述盲检测的覆盖增强等级集合中任意一个覆盖增强等级小于或等于所述第一覆盖增强等级；
    根据所述盲检测的覆盖增强等级集合和所述第一随机接入资源，控制所述收发模块接收所述终端设备发送的第一随机接入前导码。
  27. 如权利要求25或26所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一随机接入资源包括第一子载波，所述第一配置信息中包括第一指示信息、第二指示信息以及第三指示信息；
    其中，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一子载波的索引，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述第一随机接入前导码的格式，所述第三指示信息用于指示第一载波的索引。
  28. 如权利要求25或26所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一随机接入资源包括第一子载波，所述第一配置信息中包括第四指示信息和第五指示信息；
    所述第四指示信息用于联合指示所述第一子载波的索引以及所述第一随机接入前导码的格式，所述第五指示信息用于指示第一载波的索引。
  29. 如权利要求26至28任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理模块在根据所述盲检测的覆盖增强等级集合和所述第一随机接入资源，控制所述收发模块接收所述终端设备发送的第一随机接入前导码时，具体用于：
    根据所述第一随机接入前导码格式，在所述第一载波中的第一子载波上，按照所述盲检测的覆盖增强等级集合中每个覆盖增强等级对应的重复次数，控制所述收发模块接收所述终端设备发送的所述第一随机接入前导码。
  30. 如权利要求25或26所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一随机接入资源包括前导码序列，所述第一配置信息包括第六指示信息、第七指示信息和第八指示信息；
    所述第六指示信息用于指示所述第一随机接入前导码的前导码索引，所述前导码索引用于确定所述第一随机接入前导码的前导码序列；
    所述第七指示信息用于指示所述第一随机接入前导码的掩码索引，所述掩码索引用于确定所述第一随机接入前导码的时域资源；
    所述第八指示信息用于指示所述第一随机接入前导码所在的资源块分配信息，所述资源块分配信息用于确定所述第一随机接入前导码的频域资源。
  31. 如权利要求30所述的装置，其特征在于，所述处理器在根据所述盲检测的覆盖增强等级集合和所述第一随机接入资源，控制所述收发模块接收所述终端设备发送的第一随机接入前导码时，具体用于：
    所述处理模块控制所述收发模块在确定的所述第一随机接入前导码的时域资源和频域资源上，按照所述盲检测的覆盖增强等级集合中每个覆盖增强等级对应的重复次数接收所述终端设备发送的所述第一随机接入前导码，所述第一随机接入前导码使用的序列为所述前导码序列。
  32. 如权利要求25至31任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述处理模块，还用于：确定发送所述第一随机接入前导码的起始时间，所述起始时间对应第一覆盖增强等级下发送第一随机接入前导码时的起始时间；或者，
    所述收发模块，还用于：向所述终端设备发送第二配置信息，所述第二配置信息用于所述终端设备确定发送所述第一随机接入前导码的起始时间。
  33. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器中存储有指令，所述处理器执行所述指令时，使得所述装置执行权利要求1至16任一项所述的方法。
  34. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，包括指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行权利要求1至16任一项所述的方法。
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