WO2020213040A1 - Wire electric discharge machine - Google Patents

Wire electric discharge machine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020213040A1
WO2020213040A1 PCT/JP2019/016195 JP2019016195W WO2020213040A1 WO 2020213040 A1 WO2020213040 A1 WO 2020213040A1 JP 2019016195 W JP2019016195 W JP 2019016195W WO 2020213040 A1 WO2020213040 A1 WO 2020213040A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
workpiece
electric discharge
wire
discharge machine
machining
Prior art date
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PCT/JP2019/016195
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
隆 湯澤
大友 陽一
柴田 淳一
瀬口 正記
三宅 英孝
Original Assignee
三菱電機株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Application filed by 三菱電機株式会社 filed Critical 三菱電機株式会社
Priority to JP2019555052A priority Critical patent/JP6651064B1/en
Priority to CN201980095291.8A priority patent/CN113677470B/en
Priority to PCT/JP2019/016195 priority patent/WO2020213040A1/en
Priority to TW109111933A priority patent/TWI721855B/en
Publication of WO2020213040A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020213040A1/en

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23HWORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H11/00Auxiliary apparatus or details, not otherwise provided for
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23HWORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
    • B23H7/00Processes or apparatus applicable to both electrical discharge machining and electrochemical machining
    • B23H7/02Wire-cutting

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a wire electric discharge machine that processes an workpiece by applying a voltage in the machining fluid to a gap formed between the wire electrode and the workpiece to generate a discharge.
  • the wire electric discharge machine performs electric discharge machining by moving the wire electrode relative to the workpiece and generating an electric discharge in the gap.
  • Thermal energy and machining debris due to electric discharge are always generated in the machining gap during electric discharge machining. Both thermal energy and machining debris from electric discharge cause instability in electric discharge machining. Therefore, for the purpose of discharging machining waste and cooling between poles, it is necessary to supply the machining fluid from the machining fluid supply device to the poles via the machining fluid nozzle to eliminate the machining destabilizing element.
  • the machining fluid nozzle In order to properly supply the machining fluid between the poles, it is necessary to arrange the machining fluid nozzle as close to the workpiece as possible so that the machining fluid is appropriately supplied between the poles.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a storage jig for accommodating a columnar ingot which is a work piece.
  • the accommodating jig disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a pair of side end faces extending along a direction orthogonal to a wire stretched by a pair of supports, and a slit forming a plane orthogonal to the axial direction of a columnar ingot.
  • the drive changes the relative position of the pair of supports and ingots along the pair of side end faces, and the wire slits as the relative position of the pair of supports and ingots changes. Move inside.
  • the storage jig of the invention according to Patent Document 1 has a structure that surrounds the entire circumference of the side surface portion of the ingot, and the ingot diameter and the slit width are fixed. Therefore, for the storage jig disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to prepare a plurality of different storage jigs due to the difference in the ingot size or the difference in the size of the processed product.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a wire electric discharge machine capable of stably supplying a machining liquid between poles regardless of the size and shape of the workpiece.
  • the present invention relates to a wire electrode that generates an electric discharge between the work piece and the work piece to perform electric discharge machining, and between the wire electrode and the work piece.
  • a machining fluid nozzle that supplies machining fluid from the direction coaxial with the wire electrode and a pair of plate members are provided in the gap between the two plate members, and the workpiece is placed in the space between the pair of plate members. It has a machining fluid guide unit that guides the machining fluid so that the machining fluid does not escape from the space between them.
  • the surface of the plate member facing the work piece is larger than the surface of the work piece facing the plate member.
  • the wire electric discharge machine according to the present invention has the effect of being able to stably supply the machining fluid between the poles regardless of the size and shape of the workpiece.
  • the figure which shows the structure of the wire electric discharge machine which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention Perspective view of the machining fluid guide portion of the wire electric discharge machine according to the first embodiment. Front view of the machining fluid guide portion of the wire electric discharge machine according to the first embodiment. Side view of the machining fluid guide portion of the wire electric discharge machine according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 2 which shows the processing liquid guide part of the wire electric discharge machine which concerns on Embodiment 2 and the state of cutting a work piece.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a wire electric discharge machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the wire discharge processing machine 100 according to the first embodiment has a wire feeding bobbin 13 for supplying the wire electrode 1, a wire winding bobbin 14 for winding the wire electrode 1, and a guide roller for appropriately traveling the wire electrode 1. It has 2a and 2b. Further, the wire discharge processing machine 100 includes a pair of processing liquid nozzles 5a and 5b that inject the processing liquid supplied from the processing liquid supply device 3 toward the workpiece 4, and a power supply 6a that contacts the wire electrode 1.
  • the wire discharge processing machine 100 has a Cartesian coordinate system in which the vertical direction is the Z-axis direction and the two directions orthogonal to each other in the horizontal plane are the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.
  • the processing power supply 11 applies a voltage to the power supplies 6a and 6b and the surface plate 9. Therefore, a voltage is also applied to the wire electrode 1 from the processing power source 11 via the power supply electrons 6a and 6b.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a machining fluid guide portion of the wire electric discharge machine according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 3 is a front view of the machining fluid guide portion of the wire electric discharge machine according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 4 is a side view of the machining fluid guide portion of the wire electric discharge machine according to the first embodiment.
  • the working liquid guide portion 10 is a jig that is supposed to cut a columnar workpiece 4.
  • the pair of jig plates 10a and 10b of the working liquid guide portion 10 are arranged on both sides in parallel with the cylindrical cross section of the cylindrical workpiece 4 to be cut.
  • the working liquid nozzles 5a and 5b and the jig plates 10a and 10b are arranged at intervals D in the axial direction of the wire electrode 1.
  • the jig plates 10a and 10b have a linear peripheral edge on the axial side of the wire electrode 1. Therefore, during machining by the wire electric discharge machine 100, the distance D between the machining fluid nozzles 5a and 5b and the jig plates 10a and 10b in the axial direction of the wire electrode 1 is kept constant. In order to improve the machining performance, the machining is performed so that the interval D is as small as possible within the range where the machining fluid nozzles 5a and 5b and the machining fluid guide portion 10 do not come into contact with each other. Although it is assumed here that the peripheral edges of the wire electrodes 1 of the jig plates 10a and 10b on the axial direction are linear, they do not necessarily have to be linear.
  • the jig plates 10a and 10b are surfaces facing the jig plates 10a and 10b of the workpiece 4, and are larger than the cylindrical end face having the same shape as the cut surface, and cover the entire cylindrical end face of the workpiece 4 and have a peripheral edge. The portion projects from the cylindrical end face of the workpiece 4.
  • At least one of the pair of jig plates 10a and 10b of the working liquid guide portion 10 has conductivity.
  • the workpiece 4 is fixed to the conductive side of the pair of jig plates 10a and 10b.
  • welding using a low melting point metal having a melting point of 300 ° C. or lower and bonding using a conductive adhesive can be applied.
  • the workpiece 4 can be easily removed from the jig plates 10a and 10b only by heating the workpiece 4 and the jig plates 10a and 10b after processing. Further, in the case of bonding using a conductive adhesive, when the processed workpiece 4 is removed from the jig plates 10a and 10b, it is necessary to dissolve the conductive adhesive by an appropriate method.
  • the workpiece 4 can be easily fixed to the jig plates 10a and 10b.
  • the workpiece 4 does not necessarily have to be fixed by the jig plates 10a and 10b, and a member for holding the workpiece 4 arranged in the space between the jig plates 10a and 10b may be separately provided.
  • the working liquid guide portion 10 to which the workpiece 4 is fixed to the conductive side of the pair of jig plates 10a and 10b is fixed to the surface plate 9. Further, of the jig plates 10a and 10b, the one having conductivity is electrically connected to the surface plate 9. Therefore, a voltage is applied to the workpiece 4 from the machining power source 11 via the surface plate 9 and the jig plates 10a and 10b.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the flow velocity distribution of the machining fluid during machining of the wire electric discharge machine according to the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 also shows the flow velocity distribution of the machining fluid when the machining fluid guide portion 10 is not provided.
  • the flow velocity value indicates a value in the processing gap where the wire electrode 1 is arranged.
  • the machining fluid ejected from the machining fluid nozzles 5a and 5b has a high flow velocity before colliding with the workpiece 4, and the flow velocity significantly increases after colliding with the workpiece 4. ..
  • the processing liquid supplied to the workpiece 4 is obstructed by the processing liquid guide portion 10 and loses a refuge.
  • the flow velocity immediately after the collision with the workpiece 4 is large, so that the flow velocity at the central portion of the workpiece 4 is the machining fluid. It increases more than when there is no guide portion 10. Therefore, the wire electric discharge machine 100 according to the first embodiment can stably supply the machining liquid between the poles regardless of the shape of the workpiece 4.
  • the intervals between the jig plates 10a and 10b are narrow.
  • the nozzle widths W1 of the machining fluid nozzles 5a and 5b shown in FIG. 4 are changed according to the distance W2 between the jig plates 10a and 10b. If there is no change in the nozzle width W1 of the machining fluid nozzles 5a and 5b even though the distance W2 between the jig plates 10a and 10b is increased, there is a gap between the jig plates 10a and 10b and the machining fluid nozzles 5a and 5b.
  • the increased working liquid supplied from the working liquid nozzles 5a and 5b goes out of the space between the jig plates 10a and 10b through the gap between the jig plates 10a and 10b and the working liquid nozzles 5a and 5b. leak. Therefore, the nozzle width W1 of the machining fluid nozzles 5a and 5b is adjusted according to the distance W2 between the jig plates 10a and 10b, and the opening of the groove 41 surrounded by the jig plates 10a and 10b and the workpiece 4 is formed.
  • the machining fluid nozzles 5a and 5b cover the entire width direction. That is, the nozzle width W1 of the working liquid nozzles 5a and 5b is set to be equal to or larger than the distance W2 between the jig plates 10a and 10b.
  • the jig plates 10a and 10b are individually covered according to the dimensions of the workpiece 4. No need to make. Further, since the workpiece 4 is arranged in the space between the jig plates 10a and 10b, even if the width dimension of the workpiece 4 varies, the distance W2 between the jig plates 10a and 10b can be adjusted. The workpiece 4 can be stably held. That is, the jig plates 10a and 10b can stably hold the workpieces 4 having different dimensions. Further, since the jig plates 10a and 10b are not damaged by electric discharge machining, the jig plates 10a and 10b can be used repeatedly.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of a wire electric discharge machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a parallel cutting wire portion of the wire electric discharge machine according to the second embodiment.
  • the same parts as those of the wire electric discharge machine 100 according to the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted.
  • the four guide rollers 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d are arranged so as to be parallel to each other in the axial direction.
  • the wire electrode 1 unwound from the wire feeding bobbin 13 is wound around the guide rollers 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d a plurality of times at intervals from each other, and then wound on the wire winding bobbin 14.
  • a portion of the wire electrode 1 stretched in parallel between the guide roller 2b and the guide roller 2c forms a parallel cutting wire portion 15.
  • the parallel cutting wire portion 15 simultaneously performs electric discharge machining on a plurality of locations of the workpiece 4.
  • the parallel cutting wire portion 15 restrains each wire electrode 1 at an appropriate position by the positioning guide rollers 2e and 2f.
  • a Z-axis stage 27 whose position can be adjusted in the Z-axis direction is installed.
  • a machining fluid guide portion 10 is installed on the Z-axis stage 27. Therefore, by driving the Z-axis stage 27, the workpiece 4 held by the machining fluid guide portion 10 moves in the Z-axis direction.
  • a voltage is applied to the wire electrode 1 via the power supply electrons 6a and 6b.
  • the machining debris discharged from the workpiece 4 during machining is appropriately removed, and the machining fluid 25 is supplied between the poles via the machining fluid nozzles 5a and 5b for cooling the interpole portions.
  • the wire positions are constrained by the positioning guide rollers 2e and 2f so that the wire electrode 1 does not vibrate during machining and the machining accuracy is not deteriorated.
  • the parallel cutting wire portion 15 is arranged in the machining fluid 25 in the machining tank 26, and electric discharge machining is performed in the machining fluid 25.
  • the machining fluid nozzles 5a and 5b are installed on the left and right sides of the machining fluid guide section 10, and supplies the machining fluid 25 to the machining section where electric discharge machining is performed by the parallel cutting wire section 15.
  • the processing voltage is applied to the wire electrode 1 via the power supply electrons 6a and 6b, and a discharge is generated between the wire electrode 1 and the workpiece 4 separated by a small distance. Since the position of the workpiece 4 held by the machining fluid guide portion 10 is always controlled by a position control device (not shown) with a minute gap between them, the workpiece 4 is formed as the machining groove is formed by the electric discharge. Is gradually fed in the direction of the parallel cutting wire portion 15 to deepen the processing groove, and finally the workpiece 4 is cut into a thin plate shape.
  • the workpiece 4 needs to be sliced into a plurality of thin plates.
  • the workpiece 4 includes a metal such as tungsten or molybdenum as a sputtering target, ceramics such as polycrystalline silicon carbide used as various structural members, single crystal silicon as a semiconductor device wafer, single crystal silicon carbide, and single crystal.
  • semiconductor materials such as gallium nitride and single crystal gallium oxide, single crystal and polycrystalline silicon used as solar cell wafers, and the like.
  • metal has a low resistivity and does not hinder the application of electric discharge machining.
  • electric discharge machining is possible for a material having a specific resistance of about 100 ⁇ cm or less, preferably a material having a non-resistance of about 10 ⁇ cm or less.
  • FIG. 7 shows an example in which one wire electrode 1 is wound around four guide rollers 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d, but the present invention is not limited to this case, and one wire electrode 1 is used. As long as the parallel cutting wire portion 15 is formed, the specific configuration thereof is not particularly limited.
  • FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the base plate of the machining fluid guide portion of the wire electric discharge machine according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a state in which the machining fluid guide portion of the wire electric discharge machine according to the second embodiment and the workpiece are cut.
  • FIG. 10 is a front view of the machining fluid guide portion of the wire electric discharge machine according to the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 11 is a side view of the machining fluid guide portion of the wire electric discharge machine according to the second embodiment.
  • the working liquid guide portion 10 has a base plate 10c and a facing plate 10d, which are a pair of plate members.
  • the base plate 10c is composed of a lower base portion 101 and a plate portion 102 thinner than the base portion 101.
  • the facing plate 10d is screwed to the base portion 101 with bolts 19.
  • the boundary between the base portion 101 and the plate portion 102 is a step 103.
  • a cut-off end face fixing block 16 is installed on the step 103.
  • the portion of the step 103 of the base portion 101 includes protrusions 104 and 105 protruding upward at intervals in the left-right direction.
  • the protrusion 105 is provided with a screw hole, and the bolt 18 is screwed into the protrusion 105.
  • a contact plate 17 is arranged at the screw tip of the bolt 18.
  • a cut-off end face fixing block 16 is arranged between the contact plate 17 and the protrusion 104.
  • the cut-off end face fixing block 16 positions and fixes the cut-off end surface of the workpiece 4 in the vertical direction.
  • the upper surface of the cut-off end face fixing block 16 is above both the protrusions 104 and 105. Therefore, even if the parallel cutting wire portion 15 completely cuts off the workpiece 4, the parallel cutting wire portion 15 only cuts the cut-off end face fixing block 16 and does not damage the base plate 10c.
  • the cut-off end face fixing block 16 is separable from the base plate 10c and can be replaced every time the workpiece 4 is processed.
  • the work piece 4 By fixing the cut-off end surface of the work piece 4 with the cut-off end face fixing block 16, the work piece 4 can be energized until the moment when the work piece 4 is cut off, so that stable machining can be performed.
  • the workpiece 4 and the base plate 10c are fixed by bonding with a conductive adhesive or welding using a low melting point metal having a melting point of 300 ° C. or lower. Since both the conductive adhesive and the low melting point metal are conductive materials, electrical conduction can be provided between the workpiece 4 and the working liquid guide portion 10.
  • a voltage from the machining power source 11 between the wire electrode 1 and the workpiece 4. Since there is electrical continuity between the workpiece 4 and the machining fluid guide portion 10, as shown in FIG. 9, a feeder line connecting portion 28 is provided on the base plate 10c and a voltage is applied from the machining power supply 11 to perform machining. A voltage can be applied to the workpiece 4 via the liquid guide portion 10.
  • the cut-off end face fixing block 16 has conductivity. Therefore, the feeder line connection portion 28 may be provided in the cut-off end face fixing block 16 and a voltage may be applied from the processing power source 11 to the cut-off end face fixing block 16. Even when the feeder line connection portion 28 is provided on the base plate 10c, a voltage is applied to the base plate 10c from the machining power supply 11 via the cut-off end face fixing block 16 until just before the parallel cutting wire portion 15 cuts off the workpiece 4. Will be. Therefore, even if the feeder line connecting portion 28 is provided on the cut-off end face fixing block 16, electric discharge machining can be performed with the same quality as when the feeder line connecting portion 28 is provided on the base plate 10c.
  • the base portion 101 is provided with a reference surface 20 for measuring the inclination of the workpiece 4.
  • a reference surface 20 for measuring the inclination of the workpiece 4 is provided on the base plate 10c.
  • the position and orientation of the workpiece 4 can be adjusted by using the reference surface 20. Since the reference surface 20 is exposed even when the workpiece 4 is held, the position and posture of the workpiece 4 can be adjusted while the workpiece 4 is held by the machining fluid guide portion 10. it can.
  • the wire electric discharge machine 100 according to the second embodiment since the wire electrodes 1 are stretched in parallel to form the parallel cutting wire portion 15, the openings of the machining fluid nozzles 5a and 5b become large, and the machining fluid nozzles 5a, The initial speed of the machining fluid 25 supplied from 5b is lower than that of the wire electric discharge machine 100 according to the first embodiment.
  • the wire electric discharge machine 100 according to the second embodiment holds the workpiece 4 in the space between the base plate 10c and the facing plate 10d. Further, the base plate 10c and the facing plate 10d are surfaces facing the base plate 10c and the facing plate 10d of the workpiece 4, which are larger than the cylindrical end face having the same shape as the cut surface and cover the entire cylindrical end face of the workpiece 4.
  • the peripheral edge portion projects from the cylindrical end face of the workpiece 4. Therefore, the machining fluid 25 that has collided with the workpiece 4 is hindered by the machining fluid guide portion 10 and loses a refuge, and the flow velocity is high. Therefore, the speed of the machining fluid 25 supplied from the machining fluid nozzles 5a and 5b. Is reduced in the central portion of the workpiece 4, but the machining fluid 25 can be better supplied to the machining gap as compared with the case where the machining fluid guide portion 10 is not provided. Therefore, although the wire electric discharge machine 100 according to the second embodiment is a multi-wire type provided with a parallel cutting wire portion 15, the machining speed is improved, the machining state is stabilized, the wire breakage is prevented, and the machining groove width is reduced. , And the roughness of the machined surface can be improved.
  • the wire electric discharge machine 100 according to the second embodiment can suppress a decrease in the flow velocity of the machining liquid 25 in the machining gap, and can contribute to the stabilization of machining, as in the first embodiment.
  • the configuration shown in the above-described embodiment shows an example of the content of the present invention, can be combined with another known technique, and is one of the configurations without departing from the gist of the present invention. It is also possible to omit or change the part.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)

Abstract

A wire electric discharge machine (100) has: a wire electrode (1) for performing electric discharge of a workpiece (4) by generating an electrical discharge between the wire electrode (1) and the workpiece (4); processing fluid nozzles (5a, 5b) for supplying a processing fluid to a gap between the wire electrode (1) and the workpiece (4) from a direction coaxial with the wire electrode (1); and a processing fluid guide part (10) which is provided with jig plates (10a, 10b), arranges the workpiece (4) in a space between the jig plates (10a, 10b), and guides the processing fluid so that the processing fluid does not escape from the space between the jig plates (10a, 10b). The surface of the jig plates (10a, 10b) that opposes the workpiece (4) is larger than the surface of the workpiece (4) that opposes the jig plates (10a, 10b).

Description

ワイヤ放電加工機Wire electric discharge machine
 本発明は、ワイヤ電極と被加工物との間に形成される間隙に加工液中で電圧を印加し、放電を発生させることによって被加工物を加工するワイヤ放電加工機に関する。 The present invention relates to a wire electric discharge machine that processes an workpiece by applying a voltage in the machining fluid to a gap formed between the wire electrode and the workpiece to generate a discharge.
 ワイヤ放電加工機は、ワイヤ電極を被加工物に対して相対的に移動させ、間隙に放電を発生させることで、放電加工を行う。放電加工中の加工間隙には、放電による熱エネルギーと加工屑とが常に発生する。放電による熱エネルギー及び加工屑は、どちらも放電加工を不安定にする要因となる。そのため、加工屑の排出と極間冷却とを目的に、加工液供給装置から加工液ノズルを介して加工液を極間に供給し、加工不安定化要素を排除する必要がある。加工液を適切に極間に供給させるためには、加工液ノズルは、なるべく被加工物に近づけ、加工液が極間に適切に供給されるように配置する必要がある。 The wire electric discharge machine performs electric discharge machining by moving the wire electrode relative to the workpiece and generating an electric discharge in the gap. Thermal energy and machining debris due to electric discharge are always generated in the machining gap during electric discharge machining. Both thermal energy and machining debris from electric discharge cause instability in electric discharge machining. Therefore, for the purpose of discharging machining waste and cooling between poles, it is necessary to supply the machining fluid from the machining fluid supply device to the poles via the machining fluid nozzle to eliminate the machining destabilizing element. In order to properly supply the machining fluid between the poles, it is necessary to arrange the machining fluid nozzle as close to the workpiece as possible so that the machining fluid is appropriately supplied between the poles.
 特許文献1には、被加工物である柱状のインゴットを収容する収容治具が開示されている。特許文献1に開示される収容治具は、一対の支持体が張るワイヤに直交する方向に沿って延びる1対の側端面と、柱状のインゴットの軸方向と直交する面を構成するスリットとを有する。駆動部は、1対の側端面に沿って、1対の支持体及びインゴットの相対的な位置を変更し、ワイヤは、1対の支持体及びインゴットの相対的な位置の変更に伴ってスリット内を移動する。 Patent Document 1 discloses a storage jig for accommodating a columnar ingot which is a work piece. The accommodating jig disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a pair of side end faces extending along a direction orthogonal to a wire stretched by a pair of supports, and a slit forming a plane orthogonal to the axial direction of a columnar ingot. Have. The drive changes the relative position of the pair of supports and ingots along the pair of side end faces, and the wire slits as the relative position of the pair of supports and ingots changes. Move inside.
特開2013-166218号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2013-166218
 特許文献1に係る発明の収容治具は、インゴット側面部の全周を取り囲む構造であり、インゴット径及びスリット幅が固定である。したがって、特許文献1に開示される収容治具は、インゴットサイズの違い又は加工品のサイズの違いにより、複数の異なる収容冶具を準備する必要がある。 The storage jig of the invention according to Patent Document 1 has a structure that surrounds the entire circumference of the side surface portion of the ingot, and the ingot diameter and the slit width are fixed. Therefore, for the storage jig disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is necessary to prepare a plurality of different storage jigs due to the difference in the ingot size or the difference in the size of the processed product.
 本発明は、上記に鑑みてなされたものであって、被加工物の寸法及び形状によらず極間に加工液を安定して供給できるワイヤ放電加工機を得ることを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a wire electric discharge machine capable of stably supplying a machining liquid between poles regardless of the size and shape of the workpiece.
 上述した課題を解決し、目的を達成するために、本発明は、被加工物との間に放電を発生させて被加工物を放電加工するワイヤ電極と、ワイヤ電極と被加工物との間の間隙にワイヤ電極と同軸方向から加工液を供給する加工液ノズルと、一対のプレート部材を備え、一対のプレート部材同士の間の空間に被加工物を配置して、一対のプレート部材同士の間の空間から加工液が逃げないように加工液を案内する加工液ガイド部とを有する。プレート部材の被加工物と対向する面は、被加工物のプレート部材と対向する面よりも大きい。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the object, the present invention relates to a wire electrode that generates an electric discharge between the work piece and the work piece to perform electric discharge machining, and between the wire electrode and the work piece. A machining fluid nozzle that supplies machining fluid from the direction coaxial with the wire electrode and a pair of plate members are provided in the gap between the two plate members, and the workpiece is placed in the space between the pair of plate members. It has a machining fluid guide unit that guides the machining fluid so that the machining fluid does not escape from the space between them. The surface of the plate member facing the work piece is larger than the surface of the work piece facing the plate member.
 本発明に係るワイヤ放電加工機は、被加工物の寸法及び形状によらず極間に加工液を安定して供給できるという効果を奏する。 The wire electric discharge machine according to the present invention has the effect of being able to stably supply the machining fluid between the poles regardless of the size and shape of the workpiece.
本発明の実施の形態1に係るワイヤ放電加工機の構成を示す図The figure which shows the structure of the wire electric discharge machine which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. 実施の形態1に係るワイヤ放電加工機の加工液ガイド部の斜視図Perspective view of the machining fluid guide portion of the wire electric discharge machine according to the first embodiment. 実施の形態1に係るワイヤ放電加工機の加工液ガイド部の正面図Front view of the machining fluid guide portion of the wire electric discharge machine according to the first embodiment. 実施の形態1に係るワイヤ放電加工機の加工液ガイド部の側面図Side view of the machining fluid guide portion of the wire electric discharge machine according to the first embodiment. 実施の形態1に係るワイヤ放電加工機の加工中の加工液の流速分布を示す図The figure which shows the flow velocity distribution of the processing liquid during processing of the wire electric discharge machine which concerns on Embodiment 1. 本発明の実施の形態2に係るワイヤ放電加工機の構成を示す図The figure which shows the structure of the wire electric discharge machine which concerns on Embodiment 2 of this invention. 実施の形態2に係るワイヤ放電加工機の並列切断ワイヤ部を示す斜視図The perspective view which shows the parallel cutting wire part of the wire electric discharge machine which concerns on Embodiment 2. 実施の形態2に係るワイヤ放電加工機の加工液ガイド部のベースプレートの斜視図Perspective view of the base plate of the machining fluid guide portion of the wire electric discharge machine according to the second embodiment. 実施の形態2に係るワイヤ放電加工機の加工液ガイド部と被加工物を切断する様子とを示す図The figure which shows the processing liquid guide part of the wire electric discharge machine which concerns on Embodiment 2 and the state of cutting a work piece. 実施の形態2に係るワイヤ放電加工機の加工液ガイド部の正面図Front view of the machining fluid guide portion of the wire electric discharge machine according to the second embodiment. 実施の形態2に係るワイヤ放電加工機の加工液ガイド部の側面図Side view of the machining fluid guide portion of the wire electric discharge machine according to the second embodiment.
 以下に、本発明の実施の形態に係るワイヤ放電加工機を図面に基づいて詳細に説明する。なお、この実施の形態によりこの発明が限定されるものではない。 The wire electric discharge machine according to the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to this embodiment.
実施の形態1.
 図1は、本発明の実施の形態1に係るワイヤ放電加工機の構成を示す図である。実施の形態1に係るワイヤ放電加工機100は、ワイヤ電極1を供給するワイヤ送り出しボビン13と、ワイヤ電極1を巻き取るワイヤ巻き取りボビン14と、ワイヤ電極1を適切に走行させるためのガイドローラ2a,2bとを有する。また、ワイヤ放電加工機100は、加工液供給装置3から供給される加工液を被加工物4に向けて噴射する一対の加工液ノズル5a,5bと、ワイヤ電極1に接触する給電子6a,6bと、水平方向に移動可能な定盤9と、定盤9をX軸方向に移動させるX軸駆動部7と、定盤9をY軸方向に移動させるY軸駆動部8と、X軸駆動部7及びY軸駆動部8を制御する軸駆動制御部12と、一対のプレート部材である治具プレート10a,10bを備え、治具プレート10a,10bの間の空間から加工液が逃げないように加工液を案内する加工液ガイド部10とを有する。なお、ワイヤ放電加工機100は、鉛直方向をZ軸方向とし、水平面内で互いに直交する2方向をX軸方向及びY軸方向とする直交座標系を持つ。
Embodiment 1.
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a wire electric discharge machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The wire discharge processing machine 100 according to the first embodiment has a wire feeding bobbin 13 for supplying the wire electrode 1, a wire winding bobbin 14 for winding the wire electrode 1, and a guide roller for appropriately traveling the wire electrode 1. It has 2a and 2b. Further, the wire discharge processing machine 100 includes a pair of processing liquid nozzles 5a and 5b that inject the processing liquid supplied from the processing liquid supply device 3 toward the workpiece 4, and a power supply 6a that contacts the wire electrode 1. 6b, a surface plate 9 that can move in the horizontal direction, an X-axis drive unit 7 that moves the surface plate 9 in the X-axis direction, a Y-axis drive unit 8 that moves the surface plate 9 in the Y-axis direction, and an X-axis. A shaft drive control unit 12 that controls the drive unit 7 and the Y-axis drive unit 8 and jig plates 10a and 10b, which are a pair of plate members, are provided, and the machining fluid does not escape from the space between the jig plates 10a and 10b. It has a processing liquid guide portion 10 for guiding the processing liquid as described above. The wire discharge processing machine 100 has a Cartesian coordinate system in which the vertical direction is the Z-axis direction and the two directions orthogonal to each other in the horizontal plane are the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction.
 加工電源11は、給電子6a,6bと定盤9とに電圧を印加している。したがって、給電子6a,6bを介してワイヤ電極1にも加工電源11から電圧が印加される。 The processing power supply 11 applies a voltage to the power supplies 6a and 6b and the surface plate 9. Therefore, a voltage is also applied to the wire electrode 1 from the processing power source 11 via the power supply electrons 6a and 6b.
 図2は、実施の形態1に係るワイヤ放電加工機の加工液ガイド部の斜視図である。図3は、実施の形態1に係るワイヤ放電加工機の加工液ガイド部の正面図である。図4は、実施の形態1に係るワイヤ放電加工機の加工液ガイド部の側面図である。加工液ガイド部10は、円柱状の被加工物4を切断することを想定した治具である。加工液ガイド部10の一対の治具プレート10a,10bは、切断対象である円柱状の被加工物4の円柱断面と平行に両脇に配置される。加工液ノズル5a,5bと治具プレート10a,10bとは、ワイヤ電極1の軸方向において間隔Dを空けて配置される。実施の形態1においては、治具プレート10a,10bは、ワイヤ電極1の軸方向側の周縁部が直線状である。したがって、ワイヤ放電加工機100による加工中には、ワイヤ電極1の軸方向における加工液ノズル5a,5bと治具プレート10a,10bとの間隔Dは、一定に保たれる。加工性能を向上させるためには、加工液ノズル5a,5bと加工液ガイド部10とが接触しない範囲で、間隔Dがなるべく小さくなるようにして加工を行う。なお、ここでは治具プレート10a,10bのワイヤ電極1の軸方向側の周縁部が直線状であるとしたが、必ずしも直線状でなくてもよい。 FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a machining fluid guide portion of the wire electric discharge machine according to the first embodiment. FIG. 3 is a front view of the machining fluid guide portion of the wire electric discharge machine according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is a side view of the machining fluid guide portion of the wire electric discharge machine according to the first embodiment. The working liquid guide portion 10 is a jig that is supposed to cut a columnar workpiece 4. The pair of jig plates 10a and 10b of the working liquid guide portion 10 are arranged on both sides in parallel with the cylindrical cross section of the cylindrical workpiece 4 to be cut. The working liquid nozzles 5a and 5b and the jig plates 10a and 10b are arranged at intervals D in the axial direction of the wire electrode 1. In the first embodiment, the jig plates 10a and 10b have a linear peripheral edge on the axial side of the wire electrode 1. Therefore, during machining by the wire electric discharge machine 100, the distance D between the machining fluid nozzles 5a and 5b and the jig plates 10a and 10b in the axial direction of the wire electrode 1 is kept constant. In order to improve the machining performance, the machining is performed so that the interval D is as small as possible within the range where the machining fluid nozzles 5a and 5b and the machining fluid guide portion 10 do not come into contact with each other. Although it is assumed here that the peripheral edges of the wire electrodes 1 of the jig plates 10a and 10b on the axial direction are linear, they do not necessarily have to be linear.
 治具プレート10a,10bは、被加工物4の治具プレート10a,10bと対向する面であって切断面と同じ形状の円柱端面よりも大きく、被加工物4の円柱端面全体を覆い、周縁部は被加工物4の円柱端面から張り出している。 The jig plates 10a and 10b are surfaces facing the jig plates 10a and 10b of the workpiece 4, and are larger than the cylindrical end face having the same shape as the cut surface, and cover the entire cylindrical end face of the workpiece 4 and have a peripheral edge. The portion projects from the cylindrical end face of the workpiece 4.
 加工液ガイド部10は、一対の治具プレート10a,10bの少なくとも一方が導電性を有している。被加工物4は、一対の治具プレート10a,10bのうち導電性を有する方に固定されている。被加工物4を治具プレート10a,10bに固定する方法には、融点が300℃以下の低融点金属を用いた溶接の他、導電性接着剤を用いる接着を適用できる。低融点金属を用いて治具プレート10a,10bの一方と被加工物4とを溶接する場合には、治具プレート10a,10bと被加工物4とを加熱して溶接作業を行う必要があるが、加工後の被加工物4及び治具プレート10a,10bを加熱するだけで、治具プレート10a,10bから被加工物4を容易に取り外すことができる。また、導電性接着剤を用いて接着する場合には、加工後の被加工物4を治具プレート10a,10bから取り外す際に、適切な方法で導電性接着剤を溶解させる必要があるが、治具プレート10a,10bに容易に被加工物4を固定することができる。なお、被加工物4は、必ずしも治具プレート10a,10bによって固定する必要はなく、治具プレート10a,10bの間の空間に配置した被加工物4を保持する部材を別途設けてもよい。 At least one of the pair of jig plates 10a and 10b of the working liquid guide portion 10 has conductivity. The workpiece 4 is fixed to the conductive side of the pair of jig plates 10a and 10b. As a method of fixing the workpiece 4 to the jig plates 10a and 10b, welding using a low melting point metal having a melting point of 300 ° C. or lower and bonding using a conductive adhesive can be applied. When welding one of the jig plates 10a and 10b and the workpiece 4 using a low melting point metal, it is necessary to heat the jig plates 10a and 10b and the workpiece 4 to perform the welding operation. However, the workpiece 4 can be easily removed from the jig plates 10a and 10b only by heating the workpiece 4 and the jig plates 10a and 10b after processing. Further, in the case of bonding using a conductive adhesive, when the processed workpiece 4 is removed from the jig plates 10a and 10b, it is necessary to dissolve the conductive adhesive by an appropriate method. The workpiece 4 can be easily fixed to the jig plates 10a and 10b. The workpiece 4 does not necessarily have to be fixed by the jig plates 10a and 10b, and a member for holding the workpiece 4 arranged in the space between the jig plates 10a and 10b may be separately provided.
 一対の治具プレート10a,10bのうち導電性を有する方に被加工物4が固定された加工液ガイド部10は、定盤9に固定されている。また、治具プレート10a,10bのうち導電性を有する方は、定盤9と電気的に接続されている。したがって、定盤9及び治具プレート10a,10bを介して被加工物4にも加工電源11から電圧が印加される。 The working liquid guide portion 10 to which the workpiece 4 is fixed to the conductive side of the pair of jig plates 10a and 10b is fixed to the surface plate 9. Further, of the jig plates 10a and 10b, the one having conductivity is electrically connected to the surface plate 9. Therefore, a voltage is applied to the workpiece 4 from the machining power source 11 via the surface plate 9 and the jig plates 10a and 10b.
 図5は、実施の形態1に係るワイヤ放電加工機の加工中の加工液の流速分布を示す図である。図5には、加工液ガイド部10が無い場合の加工液の流速分布も併せて示している。流速値は、ワイヤ電極1が配置されている加工間隙部での値を示している。加工液ガイド部10が無い場合、加工液ノズル5a,5bから噴出された加工液は、被加工物4に衝突する前から流速が遅く、被加工物4に衝突後に流速が若干上昇し、その後、被加工物4の中央部に向けて、流速は急激に低下していく。一方、加工液ガイド部10がある場合、加工液ノズル5a,5bから噴出された加工液は、被加工物4に衝突する前から流速が速く被加工物4に衝突後に流速が大幅に上昇する。これは、被加工物4に供給される加工液が、加工液ガイド部10に阻害されて逃げ場を失うためである。その後、被加工物4の中央部に向けて流速は徐々に低下していくものの、被加工物4に衝突した直後の流速が大きいため、被加工物4の中央部での流速は、加工液ガイド部10がない場合よりも増大する。したがって、実施の形態1に係るワイヤ放電加工機100は、被加工物4の形状によらず極間に加工液を安定して供給できる。 FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the flow velocity distribution of the machining fluid during machining of the wire electric discharge machine according to the first embodiment. FIG. 5 also shows the flow velocity distribution of the machining fluid when the machining fluid guide portion 10 is not provided. The flow velocity value indicates a value in the processing gap where the wire electrode 1 is arranged. When there is no machining fluid guide portion 10, the flow velocity of the machining fluid ejected from the machining fluid nozzles 5a and 5b is slow before colliding with the workpiece 4, and the flow velocity slightly increases after colliding with the workpiece 4, and then. The flow velocity drops sharply toward the center of the workpiece 4. On the other hand, when the machining fluid guide portion 10 is provided, the machining fluid ejected from the machining fluid nozzles 5a and 5b has a high flow velocity before colliding with the workpiece 4, and the flow velocity significantly increases after colliding with the workpiece 4. .. This is because the processing liquid supplied to the workpiece 4 is obstructed by the processing liquid guide portion 10 and loses a refuge. After that, although the flow velocity gradually decreases toward the central portion of the workpiece 4, the flow velocity immediately after the collision with the workpiece 4 is large, so that the flow velocity at the central portion of the workpiece 4 is the machining fluid. It increases more than when there is no guide portion 10. Therefore, the wire electric discharge machine 100 according to the first embodiment can stably supply the machining liquid between the poles regardless of the shape of the workpiece 4.
 ワイヤ電極1が配置されている加工間隙部での加工液の流速を増大させるためには、治具プレート10a,10bの間隔は狭いほうが好ましい。なお、図4に示す加工液ノズル5a,5bのノズル幅W1は、治具プレート10a,10bの間隔W2に合わせて変更する。治具プレート10a,10bの間隔W2を大きくしたにも関わらず、加工液ノズル5a,5bのノズル幅W1の変化がない場合、治具プレート10a,10bと加工液ノズル5a,5bとの隙間が増大し、加工液ノズル5a,5bから供給される加工液は、治具プレート10a,10bと加工液ノズル5a,5bとの隙間を介して、治具プレート10a,10bの間の空間の外部へ流出する。したがって、治具プレート10a,10bの間隔W2に合わせて、加工液ノズル5a,5bのノズル幅W1を調整し、治具プレート10a,10bと被加工物4とで囲まれる溝部41の開口部の幅方向全体を、加工液ノズル5a,5bが覆うようにする。すなわち、加工液ノズル5a,5bのノズル幅W1は、治具プレート10a,10bの間隔W2以上とする。 In order to increase the flow velocity of the machining fluid in the machining gap where the wire electrode 1 is arranged, it is preferable that the intervals between the jig plates 10a and 10b are narrow. The nozzle widths W1 of the machining fluid nozzles 5a and 5b shown in FIG. 4 are changed according to the distance W2 between the jig plates 10a and 10b. If there is no change in the nozzle width W1 of the machining fluid nozzles 5a and 5b even though the distance W2 between the jig plates 10a and 10b is increased, there is a gap between the jig plates 10a and 10b and the machining fluid nozzles 5a and 5b. The increased working liquid supplied from the working liquid nozzles 5a and 5b goes out of the space between the jig plates 10a and 10b through the gap between the jig plates 10a and 10b and the working liquid nozzles 5a and 5b. leak. Therefore, the nozzle width W1 of the machining fluid nozzles 5a and 5b is adjusted according to the distance W2 between the jig plates 10a and 10b, and the opening of the groove 41 surrounded by the jig plates 10a and 10b and the workpiece 4 is formed. The machining fluid nozzles 5a and 5b cover the entire width direction. That is, the nozzle width W1 of the working liquid nozzles 5a and 5b is set to be equal to or larger than the distance W2 between the jig plates 10a and 10b.
 実施の形態1に係るワイヤ放電加工機100は、被加工物4全体を治具プレート10a,10bで覆う必要がないため、被加工物4の寸法に合わせて治具プレート10a,10bを個別に作る必要がない。また、治具プレート10a,10bの間の空間に被加工物4を配置するため、被加工物4の幅寸法にばらつきがあっても、治具プレート10a,10bの間隔W2を調整することで被加工物4を安定して保持することができる。すなわち、治具プレート10a,10bは、寸法の異なる被加工物4を安定して保持できる。また、放電加工を行っても治具プレート10a,10bは損傷しないため、治具プレート10a,10bを繰り返し使用することができる。 In the wire electric discharge machine 100 according to the first embodiment, since it is not necessary to cover the entire workpiece 4 with the jig plates 10a and 10b, the jig plates 10a and 10b are individually covered according to the dimensions of the workpiece 4. No need to make. Further, since the workpiece 4 is arranged in the space between the jig plates 10a and 10b, even if the width dimension of the workpiece 4 varies, the distance W2 between the jig plates 10a and 10b can be adjusted. The workpiece 4 can be stably held. That is, the jig plates 10a and 10b can stably hold the workpieces 4 having different dimensions. Further, since the jig plates 10a and 10b are not damaged by electric discharge machining, the jig plates 10a and 10b can be used repeatedly.
実施の形態2.
 図6は、本発明の実施の形態2に係るワイヤ放電加工機の構成を示す図である。図7は、実施の形態2に係るワイヤ放電加工機の並列切断ワイヤ部を示す斜視図である。実施の形態1に係るワイヤ放電加工機100と同様の部分には同じ符号を付して説明は省略する。4本のガイドローラ2a,2b,2c,2dは、互いに軸線方向に平行に離間して配置されている。ワイヤ送り出しボビン13から繰り出されたワイヤ電極1は、ガイドローラ2a,2b,2c,2d間を、複数回、互いに間隔を隔てて巻回された後、ワイヤ巻き取りボビン14に巻き取られる。ワイヤ電極1のうち、ガイドローラ2bとガイドローラ2cとの間に平行張架された部分は、並列切断ワイヤ部15を形成している。並列切断ワイヤ部15は、被加工物4の複数箇所を同時に放電加工する。並列切断ワイヤ部15は、位置決めガイドローラ2e,2fによって、各ワイヤ電極1を適切な位置に拘束している。加工槽26の内部には、Z軸方向の位置調整が可能なZ軸ステージ27が設置されている。Z軸ステージ27には、加工液ガイド部10が設置されている。したがって、Z軸ステージ27を駆動することにより、加工液ガイド部10に保持された被加工物4は、Z軸方向に移動する。
Embodiment 2.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of a wire electric discharge machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a parallel cutting wire portion of the wire electric discharge machine according to the second embodiment. The same parts as those of the wire electric discharge machine 100 according to the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted. The four guide rollers 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d are arranged so as to be parallel to each other in the axial direction. The wire electrode 1 unwound from the wire feeding bobbin 13 is wound around the guide rollers 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d a plurality of times at intervals from each other, and then wound on the wire winding bobbin 14. A portion of the wire electrode 1 stretched in parallel between the guide roller 2b and the guide roller 2c forms a parallel cutting wire portion 15. The parallel cutting wire portion 15 simultaneously performs electric discharge machining on a plurality of locations of the workpiece 4. The parallel cutting wire portion 15 restrains each wire electrode 1 at an appropriate position by the positioning guide rollers 2e and 2f. Inside the processing tank 26, a Z-axis stage 27 whose position can be adjusted in the Z-axis direction is installed. A machining fluid guide portion 10 is installed on the Z-axis stage 27. Therefore, by driving the Z-axis stage 27, the workpiece 4 held by the machining fluid guide portion 10 moves in the Z-axis direction.
 ワイヤ電極1には、給電子6a,6bを介して電圧が印加されている。加工時に被加工物4から排出される加工屑を適切に除去し、また、極間部の冷却のために、加工液ノズル5a,5bを介して極間に加工液25が供給される。加工中にワイヤ電極1が振動して加工精度が悪化しないように、位置決めガイドローラ2e,2fにてワイヤ位置が拘束されている。 A voltage is applied to the wire electrode 1 via the power supply electrons 6a and 6b. The machining debris discharged from the workpiece 4 during machining is appropriately removed, and the machining fluid 25 is supplied between the poles via the machining fluid nozzles 5a and 5b for cooling the interpole portions. The wire positions are constrained by the positioning guide rollers 2e and 2f so that the wire electrode 1 does not vibrate during machining and the machining accuracy is not deteriorated.
 並列切断ワイヤ部15は加工槽26内の加工液25中に配置されており、放電加工は加工液25中で行われる。 The parallel cutting wire portion 15 is arranged in the machining fluid 25 in the machining tank 26, and electric discharge machining is performed in the machining fluid 25.
 加工液ノズル5a,5bは、加工液ガイド部10の左右に設置されており、並列切断ワイヤ部15によって放電加工が行われる加工部に加工液25を供給する。加工電圧は給電子6a,6bを介してワイヤ電極1に印加され、微小距離だけ離間した被加工物4との間に放電を発生させる。加工液ガイド部10に保持された被加工物4は、図示しない位置制御装置により常に微小間隙を隔てて位置が制御されているので、放電により加工溝が形成されるにしたがって、被加工物4は並列切断ワイヤ部15の方向に徐々に送り込まれて加工溝が深くなり、最終的には被加工物4は薄板状に切断加工される。 The machining fluid nozzles 5a and 5b are installed on the left and right sides of the machining fluid guide section 10, and supplies the machining fluid 25 to the machining section where electric discharge machining is performed by the parallel cutting wire section 15. The processing voltage is applied to the wire electrode 1 via the power supply electrons 6a and 6b, and a discharge is generated between the wire electrode 1 and the workpiece 4 separated by a small distance. Since the position of the workpiece 4 held by the machining fluid guide portion 10 is always controlled by a position control device (not shown) with a minute gap between them, the workpiece 4 is formed as the machining groove is formed by the electric discharge. Is gradually fed in the direction of the parallel cutting wire portion 15 to deepen the processing groove, and finally the workpiece 4 is cut into a thin plate shape.
 ここで、被加工物4は、複数の薄板へのスライス加工を要するものである。被加工物4には、スパッタリングターゲットとなるタングステン又はモリブデンなどの金属、各種構造部材として使われる多結晶シリコンカーバイトなどのセラミックス、半導体デバイスウエハとなる単結晶シリコン、単結晶シリコンカーバイト、単結晶窒化ガリウム、単結晶酸化ガリウムなどの半導体素材、太陽電池ウエハとなる単結晶及び多結晶シリコンなどがある。上記のうち、金属は比抵抗が低く、放電加工の適用に支障はない。半導体素材及び太陽電池素材として放電加工が可能であるのは、比抵抗が概ね100Ωcm以下の素材、好ましくは非抵抗が概ね10Ωcm以下の素材である。 Here, the workpiece 4 needs to be sliced into a plurality of thin plates. The workpiece 4 includes a metal such as tungsten or molybdenum as a sputtering target, ceramics such as polycrystalline silicon carbide used as various structural members, single crystal silicon as a semiconductor device wafer, single crystal silicon carbide, and single crystal. There are semiconductor materials such as gallium nitride and single crystal gallium oxide, single crystal and polycrystalline silicon used as solar cell wafers, and the like. Of the above, metal has a low resistivity and does not hinder the application of electric discharge machining. As a semiconductor material and a solar cell material, electric discharge machining is possible for a material having a specific resistance of about 100 Ωcm or less, preferably a material having a non-resistance of about 10 Ωcm or less.
 なお、図7には、1本のワイヤ電極1を4本のガイドローラ2a,2b,2c,2dに巻回した例について示しているが、この場合に限らず、1本のワイヤ電極1から並列切断ワイヤ部15を形成するものであれば、その具体的な構成については特に限定しないものとする。 Note that FIG. 7 shows an example in which one wire electrode 1 is wound around four guide rollers 2a, 2b, 2c, and 2d, but the present invention is not limited to this case, and one wire electrode 1 is used. As long as the parallel cutting wire portion 15 is formed, the specific configuration thereof is not particularly limited.
 図8は、実施の形態2に係るワイヤ放電加工機の加工液ガイド部のベースプレートの斜視図である。図9は、実施の形態2に係るワイヤ放電加工機の加工液ガイド部と被加工物を切断する様子とを示す図である。図10は、実施の形態2に係るワイヤ放電加工機の加工液ガイド部の正面図である。図11は、実施の形態2に係るワイヤ放電加工機の加工液ガイド部の側面図である。加工液ガイド部10は、一対のプレート部材であるベースプレート10c及び対向プレート10dを有する。ベースプレート10cは、下部のベース部101と、ベース部101よりも薄いプレート部102とにより構成されている。対向プレート10dは、ボルト19でベース部101にねじ止めされる。 FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the base plate of the machining fluid guide portion of the wire electric discharge machine according to the second embodiment. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a state in which the machining fluid guide portion of the wire electric discharge machine according to the second embodiment and the workpiece are cut. FIG. 10 is a front view of the machining fluid guide portion of the wire electric discharge machine according to the second embodiment. FIG. 11 is a side view of the machining fluid guide portion of the wire electric discharge machine according to the second embodiment. The working liquid guide portion 10 has a base plate 10c and a facing plate 10d, which are a pair of plate members. The base plate 10c is composed of a lower base portion 101 and a plate portion 102 thinner than the base portion 101. The facing plate 10d is screwed to the base portion 101 with bolts 19.
 ベース部101とプレート部102との境は段差103になっている。段差103には、切り落とし端面固定ブロック16が設置されている。ベース部101の段差103の部分は、左右方向に間隔を空けて上方に突出した突起部104,105を備えている。突起部105にはねじ穴が設けられており、ボルト18がねじ込まれている。ボルト18のねじ先にはあて板17が配置されている。あて板17と突起部104との間には、切り落とし端面固定ブロック16が配置されている。ボルト18を締めることにより、あて板17が切り落とし端面固定ブロック16に押し付けられ、切り落とし端面固定ブロック16は、突起部104とあて板17とに挟まれて固定される。 The boundary between the base portion 101 and the plate portion 102 is a step 103. A cut-off end face fixing block 16 is installed on the step 103. The portion of the step 103 of the base portion 101 includes protrusions 104 and 105 protruding upward at intervals in the left-right direction. The protrusion 105 is provided with a screw hole, and the bolt 18 is screwed into the protrusion 105. A contact plate 17 is arranged at the screw tip of the bolt 18. A cut-off end face fixing block 16 is arranged between the contact plate 17 and the protrusion 104. By tightening the bolt 18, the cover plate 17 is pressed against the cut-off end face fixing block 16, and the cut-off end face fixing block 16 is sandwiched and fixed between the protrusion 104 and the cover plate 17.
 切り落とし端面固定ブロック16は、被加工物4の切り落とし終端面を垂直方向に位置決めし、かつ固定する。切り落とし端面固定ブロック16の上面は、突起部104,105のどちらよりも上方にある。したがって、並列切断ワイヤ部15が被加工物4を完全に切り落としても、並列切断ワイヤ部15は、切り落とし端面固定ブロック16を切り込むだけで、ベースプレート10cには傷を付けない。切り落とし端面固定ブロック16は、ベースプレート10cから分離可能であり、被加工物4を加工するごとに交換可能である。 The cut-off end face fixing block 16 positions and fixes the cut-off end surface of the workpiece 4 in the vertical direction. The upper surface of the cut-off end face fixing block 16 is above both the protrusions 104 and 105. Therefore, even if the parallel cutting wire portion 15 completely cuts off the workpiece 4, the parallel cutting wire portion 15 only cuts the cut-off end face fixing block 16 and does not damage the base plate 10c. The cut-off end face fixing block 16 is separable from the base plate 10c and can be replaced every time the workpiece 4 is processed.
 被加工物4の切り落とし終端面を切り落とし端面固定ブロック16で固定することにより、被加工物4を切り落とす瞬間まで被加工物4に通電できるため、安定して加工を行うことができる。 By fixing the cut-off end surface of the work piece 4 with the cut-off end face fixing block 16, the work piece 4 can be energized until the moment when the work piece 4 is cut off, so that stable machining can be performed.
 被加工物4とベースプレート10cとは、導電性接着剤による接着、又は融点が300℃以下の低融点金属を用いた溶接で固定される。導電性接着剤及び低融点金属はいずれも、導電性材料であるため、被加工物4と加工液ガイド部10との間に電気的導通を持たせることができる。放電加工を行うためには、加工電源11からワイヤ電極1と被加工物4との間に電圧を印加する必要がある。被加工物4と加工液ガイド部10との間に電気的導通があるため、図9に示すように、ベースプレート10cに給電線接続部28を設け加工電源11から電圧を印加することにより、加工液ガイド部10経由で被加工物4に電圧を印加できる。 The workpiece 4 and the base plate 10c are fixed by bonding with a conductive adhesive or welding using a low melting point metal having a melting point of 300 ° C. or lower. Since both the conductive adhesive and the low melting point metal are conductive materials, electrical conduction can be provided between the workpiece 4 and the working liquid guide portion 10. In order to perform electric discharge machining, it is necessary to apply a voltage from the machining power source 11 between the wire electrode 1 and the workpiece 4. Since there is electrical continuity between the workpiece 4 and the machining fluid guide portion 10, as shown in FIG. 9, a feeder line connecting portion 28 is provided on the base plate 10c and a voltage is applied from the machining power supply 11 to perform machining. A voltage can be applied to the workpiece 4 via the liquid guide portion 10.
 なお、切り落とし端面固定ブロック16は導電性を有する。このため、給電線接続部28を切り落とし端面固定ブロック16に設け、加工電源11から切り落とし端面固定ブロック16に電圧を印加するようにしてもよい。給電線接続部28をベースプレート10cに設けた場合でも、並列切断ワイヤ部15が被加工物4を切り落とす直前まで、ベースプレート10cには切り落とし端面固定ブロック16を経由して加工電源11から電圧が印加されることになる。したがって、切り落とし端面固定ブロック16に給電線接続部28を設けても、ベースプレート10cに給電線接続部28を設けた場合と同等の品質で放電加工を行うことができる。 The cut-off end face fixing block 16 has conductivity. Therefore, the feeder line connection portion 28 may be provided in the cut-off end face fixing block 16 and a voltage may be applied from the processing power source 11 to the cut-off end face fixing block 16. Even when the feeder line connection portion 28 is provided on the base plate 10c, a voltage is applied to the base plate 10c from the machining power supply 11 via the cut-off end face fixing block 16 until just before the parallel cutting wire portion 15 cuts off the workpiece 4. Will be. Therefore, even if the feeder line connecting portion 28 is provided on the cut-off end face fixing block 16, electric discharge machining can be performed with the same quality as when the feeder line connecting portion 28 is provided on the base plate 10c.
 ベース部101には、被加工物4の傾き測定用の基準面20が設けられている。被加工物4の切断面の角度を正確に調整したい場合、角度調整機構等を用いて被加工物4の位置及び姿勢を調整する必要がある。被加工物4の表面を基準にして、被加工物4の位置及び姿勢を調整する場合、被加工物4の表面が粗いと正確に調整することが困難となる。しかし、被加工物4の位置及び姿勢の調整のためだけに、被加工物4の表面を研磨することは、コスト面から好ましくない。実施の形態2に係るワイヤ放電加工機100は、ベースプレート10c上に、被加工物4の傾き測定用の基準面20が設けられている。あらかじめ、被加工物4と基準面20との相対位置を測定し、把握しておけば、基準面20を利用して、被加工物4の位置及び姿勢を調整可能である。基準面20は、被加工物4を保持した状態においても露出しているため、被加工物4を加工液ガイド部10に保持したまま、被加工物4の位置及び姿勢の調整を行うことができる。 The base portion 101 is provided with a reference surface 20 for measuring the inclination of the workpiece 4. When it is desired to accurately adjust the angle of the cut surface of the workpiece 4, it is necessary to adjust the position and posture of the workpiece 4 by using an angle adjusting mechanism or the like. When adjusting the position and orientation of the work piece 4 with reference to the surface of the work piece 4, it is difficult to make accurate adjustments if the surface of the work piece 4 is rough. However, it is not preferable from the viewpoint of cost to polish the surface of the workpiece 4 only for adjusting the position and posture of the workpiece 4. In the wire electric discharge machine 100 according to the second embodiment, a reference surface 20 for measuring the inclination of the workpiece 4 is provided on the base plate 10c. If the relative position between the workpiece 4 and the reference surface 20 is measured and grasped in advance, the position and orientation of the workpiece 4 can be adjusted by using the reference surface 20. Since the reference surface 20 is exposed even when the workpiece 4 is held, the position and posture of the workpiece 4 can be adjusted while the workpiece 4 is held by the machining fluid guide portion 10. it can.
 実施の形態2に係るワイヤ放電加工機100は、ワイヤ電極1を平行張架して並列切断ワイヤ部15を形成するため、加工液ノズル5a,5bの開口部が大きくなり、加工液ノズル5a,5bから供給する加工液25の初速度は、実施の形態1に係るワイヤ放電加工機100よりも低下する。実施の形態2に係るワイヤ放電加工機100は、ベースプレート10cと対向プレート10dとの間の空間に被加工物4を保持している。また、ベースプレート10c及び対向プレート10dは、被加工物4のベースプレート10c及び対向プレート10dと対向する面であり、切断面と同じ形状の円柱端面よりも大きく、被加工物4の円柱端面全体を覆い、周縁部は被加工物4の円柱端面から張り出している。したがって、被加工物4に衝突した加工液25は、加工液ガイド部10に阻害されて逃げ場を失い、流速が速い状態であるため、加工液ノズル5a,5bから供給される加工液25の速度が被加工物4の中央部で低下したとしても、加工液ガイド部10が無い場合と比較して、良好に加工液25を加工間隙に供給できる。したがって、実施の形態2に係るワイヤ放電加工機100は、並列切断ワイヤ部15を備えたマルチワイヤ式でありながら、加工速度の向上、加工状態の安定化、ワイヤ断線防止、加工溝幅の低減、及び加工面粗さの改善が可能となる。 In the wire electric discharge machine 100 according to the second embodiment, since the wire electrodes 1 are stretched in parallel to form the parallel cutting wire portion 15, the openings of the machining fluid nozzles 5a and 5b become large, and the machining fluid nozzles 5a, The initial speed of the machining fluid 25 supplied from 5b is lower than that of the wire electric discharge machine 100 according to the first embodiment. The wire electric discharge machine 100 according to the second embodiment holds the workpiece 4 in the space between the base plate 10c and the facing plate 10d. Further, the base plate 10c and the facing plate 10d are surfaces facing the base plate 10c and the facing plate 10d of the workpiece 4, which are larger than the cylindrical end face having the same shape as the cut surface and cover the entire cylindrical end face of the workpiece 4. , The peripheral edge portion projects from the cylindrical end face of the workpiece 4. Therefore, the machining fluid 25 that has collided with the workpiece 4 is hindered by the machining fluid guide portion 10 and loses a refuge, and the flow velocity is high. Therefore, the speed of the machining fluid 25 supplied from the machining fluid nozzles 5a and 5b. Is reduced in the central portion of the workpiece 4, but the machining fluid 25 can be better supplied to the machining gap as compared with the case where the machining fluid guide portion 10 is not provided. Therefore, although the wire electric discharge machine 100 according to the second embodiment is a multi-wire type provided with a parallel cutting wire portion 15, the machining speed is improved, the machining state is stabilized, the wire breakage is prevented, and the machining groove width is reduced. , And the roughness of the machined surface can be improved.
 実施の形態2に係るワイヤ放電加工機100は、実施の形態1と同様に、加工間隙での加工液25の流速の低下を抑制可能であり、加工の安定化に寄与できる。 The wire electric discharge machine 100 according to the second embodiment can suppress a decrease in the flow velocity of the machining liquid 25 in the machining gap, and can contribute to the stabilization of machining, as in the first embodiment.
 以上の実施の形態に示した構成は、本発明の内容の一例を示すものであり、別の公知の技術と組み合わせることも可能であるし、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で、構成の一部を省略、変更することも可能である。 The configuration shown in the above-described embodiment shows an example of the content of the present invention, can be combined with another known technique, and is one of the configurations without departing from the gist of the present invention. It is also possible to omit or change the part.
 1 ワイヤ電極、2a,2b,2c,2d ガイドローラ、2e,2f 位置決めガイドローラ、3 加工液供給装置、4 被加工物、5a,5b 加工液ノズル、6a,6b 給電子、7 X軸駆動部、8 Y軸駆動部、9 定盤、10 加工液ガイド部、10a,10b 治具プレート、10c ベースプレート、10d 対向プレート、11 加工電源、12 軸駆動制御部、13 ワイヤ送り出しボビン、14 ワイヤ巻き取りボビン、15 並列切断ワイヤ部、16 切り落とし端面固定ブロック、17 あて板、18,19 ボルト、20 基準面、25 加工液、26 加工槽、27 Z軸ステージ、28 給電線接続部、41 溝部、100 ワイヤ放電加工機、101 ベース部、102 プレート部、103 段差、104,105 突起部。 1 Wire electrode, 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d guide roller, 2e, 2f positioning guide roller, 3 machining fluid supply device, 4 workpiece, 5a, 5b machining fluid nozzle, 6a, 6b power supply, 7 X-axis drive unit , 8 Y-axis drive unit, 9 surface plate, 10 machining fluid guide unit, 10a, 10b jig plate, 10c base plate, 10d facing plate, 11 machining power supply, 12-axis drive control unit, 13 wire feeding bobbin, 14 wire winding Bobbin, 15 parallel cutting wire part, 16 cut-off end face fixing block, 17 cover plate, 18, 19 bolt, 20 reference surface, 25 processing liquid, 26 processing tank, 27 Z-axis stage, 28 power supply line connection part, 41 groove part, 100 Wire discharge processing machine, 101 base part, 102 plate part, 103 step, 104, 105 protrusion part.

Claims (10)

  1.  被加工物との間に放電を発生させて前記被加工物を放電加工するワイヤ電極と、
     前記ワイヤ電極と前記被加工物との間の間隙に前記ワイヤ電極と同軸方向から加工液を供給する加工液ノズルと、
     一対のプレート部材を備え、一対の前記プレート部材同士の間の空間に前記被加工物を配置して、一対の前記プレート部材同士の間の空間から前記加工液が逃げないように前記加工液を案内する加工液ガイド部と有し、
     前記プレート部材の前記被加工物と対向する面は、前記被加工物の前記プレート部材と対向する面よりも大きいことを特徴とするワイヤ放電加工機。
    A wire electrode that generates an electric discharge between the workpiece and the workpiece to perform electrical discharge machining,
    A machining fluid nozzle that supplies a machining fluid to the gap between the wire electrode and the workpiece from a direction coaxial with the wire electrode.
    The work piece is provided in a pair of plate members and the workpiece is arranged in a space between the pair of plate members, and the work liquid is placed so that the work liquid does not escape from the space between the pair of plate members. It has a processing liquid guide part to guide
    A wire electric discharge machine characterized in that the surface of the plate member facing the work piece is larger than the surface of the work piece facing the plate member.
  2.  前記加工液ノズルと一対の前記プレート部材とは、前記ワイヤ電極の軸方向において間隔を空けて配置されており、
     前記放電加工中、前記プレート部材の周縁部と前記加工液ノズルとの間隔は一定であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のワイヤ放電加工機。
    The working liquid nozzle and the pair of plate members are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the wire electrode.
    The wire electric discharge machine according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the peripheral edge of the plate member and the machining fluid nozzle is constant during the electric discharge machining.
  3.  前記加工液ノズルのノズル幅は、一対の前記プレート部材同士の間隔以上であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載のワイヤ放電加工機。 The wire electric discharge machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nozzle width of the machining fluid nozzle is equal to or larger than the distance between the pair of plate members.
  4.  前記ワイヤ電極は、
     互いに軸線方向に平行に離間して平行張架された部分が、前記被加工物の複数箇所を同時に前記放電加工する並列切断ワイヤ部をなしていることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載のワイヤ放電加工機。
    The wire electrode is
    Any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the portions stretched in parallel with each other parallel to each other in the axial direction form a parallel cutting wire portion for simultaneously performing electric discharge machining at a plurality of locations of the workpiece. The wire electric discharge machine according to item 1.
  5.  前記被加工物は、一対の前記プレート部材の一方に固定されることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載のワイヤ放電加工機。 The wire electric discharge machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the workpiece is fixed to one of the pair of plate members.
  6.  一対の前記プレート部材のうち、少なくとも前記被加工物が固定される一方は、導電性を有することを特徴とする請求項5に記載のワイヤ放電加工機。 The wire electric discharge machine according to claim 5, wherein at least one of the pair of plate members to which the workpiece is fixed has conductivity.
  7.  一対の前記プレート部材の前記被加工物が固定される一方と前記被加工物とは、融点が300℃以下の金属による溶接又は導電性接着剤による接着で固定されていることを特徴とする請求項6に記載のワイヤ放電加工機。 A claim characterized in that one of the pair of plate members to which the workpiece is fixed and the workpiece are fixed by welding with a metal having a melting point of 300 ° C. or lower or bonding with a conductive adhesive. Item 6. The wire electric discharge machine according to Item 6.
  8.  前記加工液ガイド部は、前記被加工物の切り落とし終端面を位置決めし、かつ固定する切り落とし端面固定ブロックを有することを特徴とする請求項1から7のいずれか1項に記載のワイヤ放電加工機。 The wire electric discharge machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the machining fluid guide portion has a cut-off end face fixing block for positioning and fixing the cut-off end surface of the workpiece. ..
  9.  前記切り落とし端面固定ブロックは、一対の前記プレート部材から分離可能であることを特徴とする請求項8に記載のワイヤ放電加工機。 The wire electric discharge machine according to claim 8, wherein the cut-off end face fixing block can be separated from the pair of plate members.
  10.  前記加工液ガイド部は、前記被加工物の傾き測定用の基準面を有することを特徴とする請求項1から9のいずれか1項に記載のワイヤ放電加工機。 The wire electric discharge machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the machining fluid guide portion has a reference surface for measuring the inclination of the workpiece.
PCT/JP2019/016195 2019-04-15 2019-04-15 Wire electric discharge machine WO2020213040A1 (en)

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