WO2020211528A1 - 一种栓体栓道式附着义齿固位结构及其制作方法 - Google Patents

一种栓体栓道式附着义齿固位结构及其制作方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020211528A1
WO2020211528A1 PCT/CN2020/076399 CN2020076399W WO2020211528A1 WO 2020211528 A1 WO2020211528 A1 WO 2020211528A1 CN 2020076399 W CN2020076399 W CN 2020076399W WO 2020211528 A1 WO2020211528 A1 WO 2020211528A1
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Prior art keywords
bolt
plug
crown
denture
design
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PCT/CN2020/076399
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张方明
杨瑛
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首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院
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Priority claimed from CN201910321702.2A external-priority patent/CN110200718B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201910445068.3A external-priority patent/CN110115639A/zh
Application filed by 首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院 filed Critical 首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院
Publication of WO2020211528A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020211528A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C13/00—Dental prostheses; Making same
    • A61C13/10—Fastening of artificial teeth to denture palates or the like

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a plug-body bolt-way type attachment denture retention structure and a manufacturing method thereof, in particular to a plug-body retention structure integrally formed with an artificial crown, a matching bolt channel and a manufacturing method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of dental restorations And the technical field of oral or dental hygiene devices or methods.
  • Dentition defect is a common oral disease in clinic.
  • the lack of teeth in patients causes impaired chewing function, which affects the digestive system and general condition of patients.
  • removable partial dentures and implant dentures are often used clinically.
  • Traditional removable partial denture repair often has adverse reactions such as warping, swinging, and mucosal compression. It requires the use of a snap ring, which affects the appearance, and the denture has a large volume and poor comfort.
  • the cost of implant denture restoration is high, or the patient's jaw condition is poor, and implant surgery is impossible.
  • the bolt-type precision attachment retention device provides another retention option for the restoration of dentition defects.
  • the plug body (male part) and the plug channel (female part) of the retention device of the precision attachment denture are mutually fitted structures.
  • the bolt body part is made of metal material and is connected to the adjacent surface of the metal crown of the abutment; the bolt passage part is fixed in the metal stent or the base of the removable denture, and the bolt passages are used for mutual engagement to provide the denture. Retention, stability and support. Compared with the traditional clasp type denture, it has the advantages of good retention, stability, good recovery of mastication efficiency, and less foreign body sensation in patients. It is especially suitable for complex dentition defects with a large number of missing teeth and residual roots and crowns.
  • Figures 1A and 1B show that the existing structural design has defects. Among them, the neck stress of the plug is very concentrated, and the structure of the plug is relatively weak, so it is prone to breakage after a long period of use; at the same time, after wearing the denture for a period of time, Because there is no blocking structure, the plug channel often slides along the longitudinal direction of the plug, causing the denture to sink and compress the gums, which in turn causes the gums to swell, ulcers, and pain.
  • the first technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a bolt retention structure integrally formed with the artificial crown and a manufacturing method for the fitting bolt passage.
  • the second technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a plug-type anchorage type attachment denture retention structure that prevents the denture sinking.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
  • the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a bolt retention structure integrally formed with an artificial crown and a mating bolt passage, including the following steps:
  • step (2) According to the three-dimensional spatial information collected in step (1), design an artificial crown with a plug-retaining structure
  • step (2) The artificial crown with plug-retaining structure designed in step (2) is produced by the integral molding method
  • step (4) Making the bolt passage structure of step (4);
  • step (5) The boltway structure obtained in step (5) is installed in the base of the denture that needs to be fixed with the bolt body.
  • the collection method of the step (1) is: directly collecting the three-dimensional spatial data of the teeth through an intraoral scanner; or clinically collecting the patient's dental impression, reproducing the plaster model, and then collecting the three-dimensional spatial data of the teeth through model scanning.
  • the design method of the step (2) is: design using professional dental design software.
  • the design method of the step (2) is a personalized design, and the size and position of the bolt retention structure are adjusted according to the width and height of the tooth.
  • the integral molding method of the step (3) is integral cutting or 3D printing.
  • the artificial tooth crown with a bolt retention structure in the step (3) is made of zirconium dioxide. That is, the plug body and the artificial crown are made of zirconium dioxide and are integrally formed.
  • the design method of the step (4) is: design using professional dental design software.
  • the manufacturing method of the step (5) is a cutting process or 3D printing.
  • the bolt passage structure in the step (5) is made by a polymer material cutting process.
  • the material for making the bolt passage structure is a polyether ether ketone polymer dental bionic material.
  • the bolt passage material preferably adopts the BioHPP polymer dental bionic material produced by Bredent, Germany.
  • Bio HPP is a water-insoluble high-performance polymer that is physiologically inert. This means that it does not tend to interact with other materials.
  • This material is a substitute for precious gold and ceramic restorations.
  • the material has no wear antagonist and protects natural teeth. Compared with ceramics or dental alloys, the material's elasticity is closer to human biomechanics, and it is easy to handle and easy to trim.
  • a bolt body retention structure and a matching bolt passage integrally formed with an artificial crown are manufactured by any of the above-mentioned manufacturing methods.
  • the present invention provides a bolt retention structure made of zirconium dioxide and integrally formed with the abutment artificial crown, and a bolt passage cut from a polymer material (the white part in FIG. 2, Buried in the denture base), the two combine to play the role of denture retention, which is convenient for patients to remove and wear.
  • the bolt retention structure made by the method of the invention has a high degree of consistency with the bolt passage structure, has good retention effect and is comfortable to wear.
  • the bolt retention device cut by zirconium dioxide and integrally formed with the artificial crown of the abutment improves the manufacturing accuracy, simplifies the processing technology, and is beautiful; the size and position of the components can also be adjusted according to the width and height of the tooth to achieve Personality production.
  • the embolic retention structure of the present invention can be used not only in prosthetic dentures of jaw defects that are difficult to repair by conventional methods, but also as a retention device in clinical common cases where removable partial dentures are used to repair dentition defects. Wide range of applications.
  • the second aspect of this patent provides a bolted bolted attachment denture retention structure, which includes a crown piece and a bolted piece; wherein the crown piece is composed of an artificial crown, a bolt body and a bolt body base plate; the bolt body Located on the side of the artificial crown, the base plate of the plug is located on the gingival bottom surface of the plug, and on the side of the artificial crown; the plug, the artificial crown, and the base of the plug are connected in one piece; the base of the plug extends beyond the plug.
  • the outer part is used to support the bolt, the width of this part is 80% to 120% of the width of the bottom of the bolt, the thickness of the base plate of the bolt is 0.5 to 1.5mm; the bolt is nested outside the bolt, and The bolt body is matched and fixed.
  • the “gingival square” refers to the direction close to the gums.
  • the dental crown of the present invention realizes the retention and stability of the denture through the bolt body and the bolting member tenon-and-mortise joint connection, which is convenient for patients to remove and wear.
  • the shape and structure of the bolt passage are matched with the bolt body, and the connection mode of the bolt body and the bolt passage is the prior art.
  • the part of the plug body base plate beyond the plug body is used to support the bolt passage member to prevent it from sinking toward the gums and cause compression on the gums. Therefore, the width of this part is suitable to support the bolt passage member.
  • the width of the part of the plug body substrate that extends beyond the plug body is 95-105% of the width of the bottom surface of the bolt passage member, and the thickness of the plug body substrate is 0.8 mm to 1.2 mm.
  • the width of the part of the plug body substrate that extends beyond the plug body is 100% of the width of the bottom surface of the bolt passage member, and the thickness of the plug body substrate is 1 mm.
  • the plug body has a columnar structure and is located on one side of the artificial dental crown.
  • the cross section of the plug body is approximately T-shaped and the edge has a curvature;
  • the plug body base plate has a similar shape to the bottom surface of the plug body and is larger than the bottom surface of the plug body.
  • the structure, shape and angle of the plug body can be individually designed according to the patient’s teeth.
  • the improvement over the prior art is that the plug body is made of zirconia material and can be designed into various angles, thicknesses and shapes.
  • the cutting process or 3D printing process and the artificial tooth crown are integrally formed, which avoids the operation of welding the bolt body and the artificial tooth crown after the artificial tooth crown and the metal plug body are separately manufactured in the prior art, and reduces the difficulty of the preparation process.
  • the steps of the preparation process are reduced, and there is no welding point between the integrally formed plug body and the artificial tooth crown, which is not easy to be broken and has better strength.
  • the dental crown is made of zirconium dioxide material by a cutting process or a 3D printing integrated molding method.
  • the dental crown includes an artificial crown, a plug body and a plug body base plate.
  • the three are integrally formed and connected two by two to form the most solid and stable one-piece crown structure, which can be a bolt that is connected to the boltway.
  • the body and the denture on which it is located provide better support and prevent the denture from sinking toward the gum.
  • the dental crown is made of zirconia material in an integral molding method.
  • Zirconia material is a common material for making artificial dental crowns, but the crown material in the prior art is not used to make plugs. Therefore, the present invention changes the metal plugs in the prior art to use dental crown materials.
  • Zirconia is an innovative choice. Due to the choice of the zirconium dioxide plug body, the plug body part can be more refined and personalized design than the existing technology, for example, it adopts a more complex columnar structure and has a more specific force with the artificial crown.
  • the volume of the plug can be larger or smaller than the metal plug in the prior art, which is more in line with the needs of the patient's personalized dental condition, and can form a more matching and fitting combination with the bolt Design, this is impossible to achieve in the case of using metal bolts in the prior art.
  • the zirconium dioxide material is biologically inert and will not cause metal corrosion due to wear and tear, which prolongs the life of the denture and avoids the damage that the metal corrosion may cause to the human body.
  • the zirconium dioxide-cut artificial dental crown, plug body and plug body base plate are preferred. Since there are no metal parts, they are favorable for appearance.
  • the bolt passage part is made by a polymer material cutting process.
  • the bolt passage is designed with professional dental computer software, and its shape and structure closely match the structure of the bolt body.
  • the manufactured bolt will be buried in the base of the denture. When in use, the denture and the bolt on the crown will be nested and connected through the bolt to fix the denture and the artificial crown.
  • the polymer material is a polyether ether ketone polymer dental bionic material.
  • the material for the bolting piece is preferably the BioHPP polymer dental bionic material produced by Bredent, Germany.
  • Bio HPP is a water-insoluble high-performance polymer that is physiologically inert. This means that it does not tend to interact with other materials and is a powerful biocompatible material with no side effects. This material is a substitute for precious gold and ceramic restorations. The material has no wear antagonist and protects natural teeth. Compared with ceramics or dental alloys, the material's elasticity is closer to human biomechanics, and it is easy to handle and easy to trim.
  • the bolt passage member is fixedly connected in the denture base.
  • the denture mentioned here refers to the so-called “removable partial denture”, which uses the remaining natural teeth in the oral cavity and the mucosa covered by the base, and the alveolar bone as support, and uses the retention device to obtain retention and stability. So as to repair missing teeth and adjacent soft and hard tissue restorations. Patients can remove and wear them by themselves.
  • the denture is fixedly connected with the bolt body of the crown piece through the inner fixed connection of the denture, so as to obtain the retention and stability of the denture.
  • a method for preparing a retaining structure of a plug-body and channel-type attached denture includes the following steps:
  • step (2) According to the three-dimensional space information collected in step (1), design the crown, that is, the structure composed of artificial crown, plug and plug base;
  • step (3) The crown piece designed in step (2) is made by an integral molding method
  • the collection method of the step (1) is: directly collecting the three-dimensional spatial data of the teeth through an intraoral scanner; or, clinically collecting the patient's dental impression, reproducing the plaster model, and then collecting the three-dimensional spatial data of the teeth through model scanning;
  • the design method of the step (2) is to use professional dental design software for personalized design, and adjust the size and position of the artificial crown, plug, and plug base plate according to the width and height of the tooth.
  • the design method is roughly the same as the design method in the prior art, but when designing the artificial crown, the design of the plug body and the structure of the plug body base plate is added.
  • the integral molding method of the step (3) is: integral cutting or 3D printing using zirconium dioxide material; that is, the plug body, the plug body substrate and the artificial crown are all made of zirconium dioxide and are integrally formed.
  • the design method of the step (4) is: design using professional dental design software
  • the manufacturing method of the step (5) is: using a polyether ether ketone polymer dental bionic material cutting process or 3D printing.
  • the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a plug-retaining structure integrally formed with an artificial crown.
  • the material of the plug-retaining structure is dental zirconia material, and the adjacent abutment crown is integrated by cutting and forming, which improves The precision greatly simplifies the processing technology; at the same time, the size and position of the bolt retention structure can be adjusted according to the width and height of the tooth body to achieve individual production.
  • the present invention provides a plug body made of zirconium dioxide and integrally formed with the abutment artificial crown, and the structure of the plug body is improved.
  • the design of the plug body base plate is added on the gingival side of the plug body, which not only strengthens the plug
  • the strength of the body itself can also prevent the bolt from sliding down and effectively prevent the denture from sinking.
  • the plug body is made of dental zirconia material, which is integrated with the artificial crown of the adjacent abutment, which improves the accuracy of the plug structure, simplifies the overall processing technology of the crown, and the obtained crown has high strength .
  • the retaining structure of the plug and the artificial crown are made of zirconium dioxide, which is beautiful; there will be no rust in the oral saliva environment. It is convenient for patients to remove and wear, and improves the effect and comfort of wearing dentures.
  • the invention can be used in the restoration of crown and bridge restoration, multi-tooth loss restoration and pseudo-attachment restoration of jaw defects, and has a wide range of clinical applications.
  • Figures 1A and 1B show the bolt body boltway retention device in the prior art, which are all metal castings.
  • the bolt body is welded to the metal bottom crown of the retention abutment by laser, and the manufacturing process is complicated; it may be possible in oral saliva environment Corrosion, shedding, etc. appear; and the metal is exposed and unsightly.
  • Part 1 is a zirconia plug retention structure integrally formed with an artificial crown 3
  • 2 is a bolt cut from a polymer material
  • 3 is an artificial crown
  • 4 is a denture.
  • Fig. 3A shows a photo of the integrally formed zirconia plug retention structure and the entrance of the artificial crown.
  • Figure 3B shows that the implanted denture is completed.
  • Fig. 3C shows a final denture restoration drawing using a plug-retaining structure integrally formed with an artificial crown and a bolt-way retention.
  • Figure 4 shows a three-dimensional spatial information reconstruction diagram of a patient's teeth.
  • Fig. 5 shows a schematic top view of the crown structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 shows a schematic side view of the structure of the crown of the present invention.
  • Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the crown of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 shows a schematic structural view of the bolt and the denture of the present invention in the unassembled state from the gingival side view
  • Figure 9 shows a schematic structural view of the gingival lateral view in the assembled state of the bolt and the denture of the present invention
  • Figure 10 shows a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the denture embedded with the bolt of the present invention
  • Figure 11 shows a schematic diagram of the side structure of the denture embedded with the bolt of the present invention
  • Fig. 12 shows a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the positional relationship and combined state of the crown piece and the bolt piece of the present invention when the crown piece of the present invention and the denture equipped with the bolt piece piece of the present invention are in a mating connection state.
  • Fig. 13 shows a schematic diagram of the operation steps of the "fixed crown member" of the present invention.
  • Fig. 14 shows a schematic diagram of the operation steps of the present invention to "make the crown piece and the patient's abutment firmly bonded together”.
  • Fig. 15 shows a schematic diagram of the operation steps of "installing a denture” according to the present invention.
  • Figure 16 shows a schematic diagram of the operation steps of "complete installation" of the present invention.
  • the manufacturing method of the bolt retention structure integrally formed with the artificial crown and the matching bolt passage includes the following steps:
  • the patient's dental impression is collected, the plaster model is reproduced, and the three-dimensional spatial data of the tooth is collected by scanning the plaster model.
  • the results are shown in Figure 4.
  • the three-dimensional spatial data of teeth are collected using the German Sirona scanner inEos X5 and the scanning software Sirona inLab SW16.
  • Design with professional dental design software The design software is made by exocad GmbH, Germany dental2.2 Valletta dental design software.
  • step (2) The integrated cutting method is used to make step (2)
  • the bolt passage structure of step (4) is made by cutting and molding polymer materials; the bolt passage material is made of BioHPP polymer dental bionic material produced by Bredent, Germany.
  • step (5) The bolt passage structure obtained in step (5) is installed in the base of the denture that needs to be fixed in cooperation with the bolt retention structure.
  • the bolt channels are directly embedded in the corresponding positions of the base.
  • the obtained bolt retention structure and the matching bolt channels integrally formed with the artificial crown are shown in Figs. 2A and 2B.
  • the bolt retention structure 1 integrally formed with the artificial crown 3 and the mating boltway are prepared, and the boltway is installed in the denture 4.
  • the plug retaining structure 1 and the artificial crown 3 are integrally formed, and the crown is bonded to the natural abutment when the denture is installed on the patient.
  • the bolt 2 is buried in the base of the denture 4, and the retention and stability of the denture 4 are realized by the interlocking effect of the bolt retention structure 1 and the bolt 2.
  • Figure 3A shows the zirconia cut plug retention structure integrally formed with the artificial crown.
  • Figure 3B shows the denture with plug channels and the prosthesis is made. After completion, the retention force is strong, and there is no metal exposed, which is conducive to beautiful appearance.
  • Figure 3C shows the restoration effect of the final denture that adopts the plug-retained structure integrally formed with the artificial crown and cooperates with the bolt-way retention, and the function and aesthetics have been well restored.
  • a bolt-type attachment denture retention structure comprising a crown piece and a bolt-way piece 2; wherein the crown piece is composed of an artificial tooth crown 3, a bolt body 1 and a bolt body base plate 4; the bolt body 1 is located in the artificial tooth crown On the side surface of 3, the plug base 4 is located on the gingival bottom surface of the plug 2 and the side of the artificial crown 3; the plug 1, the artificial crown 3, and the plug base 4 are integrally formed and connected in pairs; the plug base 4 The part beyond the bolt 1 is used to support the bolt 2, the width of this part is 100% of the width of the bottom of the bolt, the thickness of the bolt base 4 is 1mm; the bolt 2 is nested in the bolt 1 Externally, it is connected and fixed with the bolt body 1.
  • the artificial dental crown 3 also has an inner wall 31 whose shape is matched with the crown part of the patient's abutment and is used to bond and fix the artificial dental crown 3 on the patient's abutment.
  • the plug body 1 is a columnar structure with a cross-section approximately T-shaped, with a curved edge and located on one side of the artificial crown 3.
  • the plug body base plate 4 has a similar shape to the bottom surface of the plug body, and is larger than the bottom surface of the plug body 1.
  • the part of the plug body base plate 4 beyond the plug body 1 is used to support the keyway member 2, and the width of this part is the width of the bottom surface of the keyway member. 100% of the thickness is 1mm.
  • the crown member including the plug body 1, the plug body base plate 4 and the artificial crown 3 are all made of zirconium dioxide material by a cutting process using an integral molding method.
  • the bolt 2 is fixedly connected (embedded and installed) in the base 52 of the denture 5, and its specific installation position is the bolt accommodating groove 53, and the fixing method of the bolt 2 is the same as the prior art.
  • the denture 5 includes a denture artificial tooth 51, a denture base 52, and a keyway accommodating groove 53.
  • the denture 5 is not an innovation of the present invention. Its structure and material are all existing technologies, and the feature is that the keyway member 2 of the present invention is adopted. .
  • the bolt 2 is made by a cutting process of a polyetheretherketone polymer dental bionic material, and its shape matches the shape of the bolt 1. Due to the materials and processes used, it is possible to achieve a matching effect superior to the prior art, and to more accurately fix and connect.
  • the three-dimensional spatial data of teeth are collected using the German Sirona scanner inEos X5 and the scanning software Sirona inLab SW16.
  • step (2) Design the crown according to the three-dimensional information collected in step (1), and use professional dental design software for personalized design, adjust the size and position of the artificial crown, plug, and plug base plate according to the width and height of the tooth .
  • the design method is roughly the same as the design method in the prior art, but when designing the artificial crown, the design of the plug and the structure of the plug base is added; the design software is the German exocad GmbH dental2.2 Valletta dental design software.
  • the zirconia material is integrally cut and formed to produce the crown piece designed in step (2); it is processed by the German Sirona inLab MC X5 cutting machine.
  • the bolted channel material adopts BioHPP polymer dental bionic material produced by Bredent Company in Germany.
  • step (6) Mounting and fixing the bolt obtained in step (5) in the base of the denture that needs to be fixed in cooperation with the bolt.
  • the artificial dental crown 3 has an inner wall 31 that matches the surface shape of the patient's abutment 6 (the patient's remaining dental tissue, which has been clinically prepared to form the shape of the abutment preparation).
  • the surface of the abutment 6 and/or the inner wall of the artificial crown 31 is coated with an adhesive 8, and the plug 1 is facing the direction of the denture 5, and the plug base is located in the direction facing the patient’s gingiva 7 to bond the crown Fixed on the patient's abutment 6;

Abstract

一种栓体栓道式附着义齿固位结构及其制作方法，制作方法包括：1、采集患者牙齿的三维空间信息；2、设计带有栓体固位结构的人造牙冠（3）；3、一体成型制作带有栓体固位结构的人造牙冠（3）；4、设计与栓体固位结构相匹配的栓道结构（2）；5、制作栓道结构（2）；6、将栓道结构（2）安装在需要与栓道结构（2）配合固定的义齿（51）的基托内（52）。采用二氧化锆材料，与邻近的基牙（6）一体成型，精度高，简化加工工艺；具有栓体基板（4），防止栓道结构（2）下滑，阻挡义齿（51）下沉。

Description

一种栓体栓道式附着义齿固位结构及其制作方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种栓体栓道式附着义齿固位结构及其制作方法，尤指一种与人造冠一体成型的栓体固位结构、配合栓道及其制作方法，属于牙科修复体技术领域和口腔或牙齿卫生的装置或方法技术领域。
背景技术
牙列缺损是临床上常见的口腔疾病，患者牙齿缺失造成咀嚼功能受损，进而影响到患者的消化系统以及全身状况。对于缺失牙齿的修复，临床上常采用可摘局部义齿、种植义齿等方法修复。传统的可摘局部义齿修复常有翘动、摆动、压迫黏膜等不良反应，需要使用卡环，影响美观，义齿体积较大，舒适度较差。种植义齿修复费用较高，或者患者颌骨条件较差、没有可能实施种植手术。而栓体栓道式精密附着体固位装置为牙列缺损的修复提供了另外一种固位选择。尤其是一些由于肿瘤或外伤造成颌骨大范围缺损伴牙列缺损的患者，余留基牙条件差，常规义齿修复固位困难。为了解决这类问题，我们在临床上设计了二氧化锆一体切削的栓体固位装置，配合高分子材料切削而成的栓道，二者结合起来发挥固位作用。
精密附着体义齿的固位装置栓体(阳型部分)和栓道(阴型部分)是相互嵌合的结构。其中栓体部分为金属材质，连接于基牙金属冠邻面；栓道部分固定在可摘义齿的金属支架内或基托内，利用栓体栓道的相互嵌合而发挥作用，为义齿提供固位、稳定和支持作用。与传统的卡环式义齿相比较，具有固位好、稳定、咀嚼效率恢复好、患者的异物感小等优点。尤其适用于缺牙数较多并伴有残根残冠的复杂牙列缺损。
现有栓体栓道式附着体义齿(图1A和图1B)的制作步骤复杂，对临床医生及技工操作工艺要求高，且栓体制作仅限于金属材质，通过铸造研磨成型、或者将金属成品栓体通过激光焊接到固位基牙的金属底冠上，制作工艺复杂；在口腔唾液环境中可能出现锈蚀、脱落等情况；而且暴露金属，不美观。
图1A和图1B示出现有的结构设计存在缺陷，其中栓体的颈部应力非常集中， 而该栓体的结构相对薄弱，因此使用日久容易出现折断；同时，在义齿佩戴一段时间后，由于没有阻挡结构，栓道常常会沿栓体的纵向下滑，导致义齿出现下沉、压迫牙龈的现象，进而造成牙龈红肿、溃疡、疼痛等不良反应。
发明内容
本发明要解决的第一个技术问题是：提供一种与人造冠一体成型的栓体固位结构及配合栓道的制作方法。
本发明要解决的第二个技术问题是：提供一种防止义齿下沉现象的栓体栓道式附着义齿固位结构。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案。
本发明的第一方面，提供一种与人造冠一体成型的栓体固位结构及配合栓道的制作方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)采集患者牙齿的三维空间信息；
(2)根据步骤(1)采集的三维空间信息设计带有栓体固位结构的人造牙冠；
(3)采用一体成型的方法制作步骤(2)设计的带有栓体固位结构的人造牙冠；
(4)设计与步骤(2)的栓体固位结构相匹配的栓道结构；
(5)制作步骤(4)的栓道结构；
(6)将步骤(5)得到的栓道结构安装在需要与栓体配合固定的义齿的基托内。
所述步骤(1)的采集方法为：通过口内扫描仪直接采集牙齿的三维空间数据；或者，临床上采集患者牙列印模，翻制石膏模型，再通过模型扫描采集牙齿的三维空间数据。
所述步骤(2)的设计方法为：采用牙科设计专业软件进行设计。
所述步骤(2)的设计方法为个性化设计，根据牙体宽度、高度等调整栓体固位结构的尺寸和位置。
所述步骤(3)的一体成型的方法是一体切削或3D打印。
所述步骤(3)的带有栓体固位结构的人造牙冠为二氧化锆材质。即栓体和人造牙冠都采用二氧化锆材质，且为一体成型。
所述步骤(4)的设计方法为：采用牙科设计专业软件进行设计。
所述步骤(5)的制作方法为切削工艺或3D打印。
所述步骤(5)的栓道结构采用高分子材料切削工艺制成。
所述制作栓道结构的材料为聚醚醚酮类高分子牙科仿生材料。
该栓道材料优选采用德国Bredent公司生成的BioHPP高分子牙科仿生材料。Bio HPP是一种水不溶性高性能聚合物，在生理上表现出惰性。这意味着它不倾向于与其他材料相互作用。一种功能强大的生物相容材料，无副作用。该材料是珍贵的黄金和陶瓷修复体的替代品。该材料没有磨损的拮抗剂，保护天然牙齿，与陶瓷或牙科合金相比，材料的弹性更接近人体生物力学，易于处理，易于修剪。
一种与人造冠一体成型的栓体固位结构及配合栓道，采用上述任何制作方法制作得到。
针对现有技术的问题，本发明提供了一种二氧化锆材质的与基牙人造冠一体成型的栓体固位结构，配合高分子材料切削而成的栓道(图2中白色的部件，埋在义齿基托内)，二者结合起来发挥义齿固位作用，方便患者摘戴。
采用本发明方法制作的栓体固位结构与栓道结构具有高度的吻合性，固位效果好，佩戴舒适。
本发明中，二氧化锆切削的、与基牙人造冠一体成形的栓体固位装置提高了制作精度，简化了加工工艺，美观；还可以根据牙体宽度高度等调整部件尺寸和位置，实现个性制作。
本发明的栓体固位结构，不仅可以应用在常规方法难以修复的颌骨缺损的赝附体义齿中，在可摘局部义齿修复牙列缺损的临床常见病例中也可以作为固位装置使用，应用范围广。
本专利的第二个方面，提供一种栓体栓道式附着义齿固位结构，包括牙冠件和栓道件；其中牙冠件由人造牙冠、栓体和栓体基板组成；栓体位于人造牙冠的侧面，栓体基板位于栓体的龈方底面上、人造牙冠的侧面；栓体、人造牙冠、栓体基板之间两两一体成型连接；栓体基板超出栓体之外的部分用于支撑栓道件，该部分的宽度为栓道件底面宽度的80％～120％，栓体基板的厚度为0.5～1.5mm；栓道件嵌套在栓体的外部，与栓体配合连接固定。
所述“龈方”是指是指靠近牙龈的方向。
本发明的牙冠件通过其栓体与栓道件榫卯式配合连接，实现义齿的固位和稳定，方便患者摘戴。栓道件的形状和结构与栓体相匹配，栓体与栓道件的连接方式是现有技术。
栓体基板超出栓体之外的部分用于支撑栓道件，防止其向龈方下沉造成对牙龈的压迫，因此该部分的宽度以能够起到支撑栓道件的作用为宜。
优选的，所述栓体基板超出栓体之外的部分的宽度为栓道件底面宽度的95～105％，栓体基板的厚度为0.8mm～1.2mm。
最优选的，所述栓体基板超出栓体之外的部分的宽度为栓道件底面宽度的100％，栓体基板的厚度为1mm。
所述栓体为柱状结构，位于人造牙冠的单侧，栓体的横截面近似T形，边缘具有弧度；所述栓体基板与栓体的底面形状近似，比栓体的底面大。
栓体的结构、形状和角度可以根据患者的牙齿情况进行个性化的设计，比现有技术的进步在于该栓体为二氧化锆材料制成，可以设计成各种角度、厚度、形状，采用切削工艺或3D打印工艺与人造牙冠一体成型制成，避免了现有技术中分别制作人造牙冠和金属栓体后再将栓体与人造牙冠焊接的操作，降低了制备工艺的难度，减少了制备工艺的步骤，并且一体成型的栓体与人造牙冠之间没有焊接点，不容易折损，具有更好的强度。
所述牙冠件为二氧化锆材料以切削工艺或3D打印一体成型的方法制作而成。牙冠件包括人造牙冠、栓体和栓体基板，此三者之间两两一体成型连接，形成一个最为牢固、稳定的一体成型的牙冠件结构，能够为与栓道配合连接的栓体件及其所在的义齿提供更好的支撑力，防止义齿向龈方下沉。
所述的牙冠件为二氧化锆材料以一体成型的方法制作而成。二氧化锆材料是制作人造牙冠的常见材料，但是现有技术中该牙冠材料并不用于制作栓体，因此本发明将现有技术中的金属材质的栓体改为用牙冠材料二氧化锆是一种创新性的选择。由于选择了二氧化锆材质的栓体，栓体部分可以进行相对于现有技术更为精细、个性化的设计，例如采用更复杂的柱状结构、与人造牙冠之间具更符合具体受力需求的角度，栓体的体积可以比现有技术中的金属栓体更大或更小，从而更加符合患者个性化的牙齿状况的需求，同时能够与栓道件形成更匹配、贴合 的组合设计，这在现有技术使用金属栓体的情况下是无法实现的。二氧化锆材料具有生物惰性，不会因为磨损带来金属锈蚀等弊端，延长了义齿的寿命，也避免了金属物质锈蚀可能对人体造成的损伤。本发明优选二氧化锆切削的人造牙冠、栓体和栓体基板，由于无金属部件，有利于美观。
所述的栓道件采用高分子材料切削工艺制成。在设计栓道件时，可以根据患者的实际情况调整尺寸及位置，实现个性化制作。栓道件采用专业牙科计算机软件进行设计，其形状和结构与栓体的结构密切匹配。制作好的栓道件将被埋在义齿基托内，在使用时通过栓道将义齿与牙冠件上的栓体嵌套配合连接，将义齿与人造牙冠固定。
所述高分子材料为聚醚醚酮类高分子牙科仿生材料。该栓道件的制作材料优选采用德国Bredent公司生成的BioHPP高分子牙科仿生材料。Bio HPP是一种水不溶性高性能聚合物，在生理上表现出惰性。这意味着它不倾向于与其他材料相互作用，是一种功能强大的生物相容材料，无副作用。该材料是珍贵的黄金和陶瓷修复体的替代品。该材料没有磨损的拮抗剂，保护天然牙齿，与陶瓷或牙科合金相比，材料的弹性更接近人体生物力学，易于处理，易于修剪。
所述栓道件被固定连接在义齿基托内。
此处所述义齿是指通常所说的“可摘局部义齿”，是利用口腔内余留的天然牙和基托覆盖的黏膜、牙槽骨作支持、借助固位装置获得固位和稳定，从而修复缺牙及相邻的软、硬组织的修复体。患者可以自行摘戴。本发明中义齿通过其内部固定连接的栓道件与牙冠件的栓体进行配合连接，获得义齿的固位和稳定。
一种栓体栓道式附着义齿固位结构的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)采集患者牙齿的三维空间信息；
(2)根据步骤(1)采集的三维空间信息设计牙冠件，即人造牙冠、栓体和栓体基板组成的结构；
(3)采用一体成型的方法制作步骤(2)设计的牙冠件；
(4)设计与步骤(2)的栓体相匹配的栓道件的结构；
(5)制作步骤(4)设计的栓道件；
(6)将步骤(5)得到的栓道件安装在需要与栓体配合固定的义齿的基托内。
所述步骤(1)的采集方法为：通过口内扫描仪直接采集牙齿的三维空间数据；或者，临床上采集患者牙列印模，翻制石膏模型，再通过模型扫描采集牙齿的三维空间数据；
所述步骤(2)的设计方法为：采用牙科设计专业软件进行个性化设计，根据牙体宽度、高度等调整人造牙冠、栓体、栓体基板的尺寸和位置。设计的方法与现有技术中的设计方法大致相同，但在设计人造牙冠时，增加了对栓体和栓体基板结构的设计。
所述步骤(3)的一体成型的方法为：采用二氧化锆材料一体切削或3D打印；即栓体、栓体基板和人造牙冠都采用二氧化锆材质，且为一体成型。
所述步骤(4)的设计方法为：采用牙科设计专业软件进行设计；
所述步骤(5)的制作方法为：采用聚醚醚酮类高分子牙科仿生材料切削工艺或3D打印。
本发明的优点：
1.本发明提供了一种与人造冠一体成型的栓体固位结构的制作方法，栓体固位结构的材质采用牙科二氧化锆材料，与邻近的基牙牙冠进行一体切削成型，提高了精度，大大简化了加工工艺；同时，还可以根据牙体宽度、高度等调整栓体固位结构的尺寸和位置，实现个性制作。
2.本发明提供了一种二氧化锆材质的与基牙人造冠一体成型的栓体，并且改良了栓体的结构，在栓体的龈方底面增加栓体基板的设计，不仅加强了栓体本身的强度，还可以防止栓道下滑，有效阻挡义齿下沉。栓体材质采用牙科二氧化锆材料，与邻近的基牙的人造牙冠进行一体切削成型，提高了栓体结构的精度，简化了牙冠件的整体加工工艺，并且得到的牙冠件强度高。栓体固位结构与人造冠均为二氧化锆材质，美观；在口腔唾液环境下不会出现锈蚀情况。便于患者摘戴，改善了义齿佩戴的效果和舒适度。
本发明可以应用在冠桥修复固位、多牙缺失修复以及颌骨缺损的赝附体修复中，临床应用范围广。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细的说明。
图1A和图1B示出现有技术中栓体栓道固位装置，均为金属铸件，通过激光将栓体焊接到固位基牙的金属底冠上，制作工艺复杂；在口腔唾液环境中可能出现锈蚀、脱落等情况；而且暴露金属，不美观。
图2A和图2B示出本发明结构图，部件1是与人造冠3一体成型的二氧化锆栓体固位结构，2是高分子材质切削的栓道，3是人造冠，4是义齿。
图3A示出一体成型的二氧化锆栓体固位结构及人造冠戴入口内的照片。
图3B示出埋入栓道的义齿制作完成。
图3C示出采用与人造冠一体成型的栓体固位结构及配合栓道固位的最终义齿修复图。
图4示出患者牙齿的三维空间信息重建图。
图5示出本发明牙冠件的俯视结构示意图。
图6示出本发明牙冠件的侧视结构示意图。
图7示出本发明牙冠件的立体结构示意图。
图8示出本发明栓道件与义齿在未组装状态下的龈侧面视角的结构示意图
图9示出本发明栓道件与义齿组装状态下的龈侧面视角的结构示意图
图10示出埋设了本发明栓道件的义齿立体结构示意图
图11示出埋设了本发明栓道件的义齿侧面结构示意图
图12示出本发明牙冠件与安装有本发明栓道件的义齿在配合连接状态下时，其中牙冠件与栓道件的位置关系和组合状态立体结构示意图。
图13示出本发明“固定牙冠件”的操作步骤示意图。
图14示出本发明“使牙冠件与患者基牙牢固的粘接为一体”的操作步骤示意图。
图15示出本发明“安装义齿”的操作步骤示意图。
图16示出本发明“完成安装”的操作步骤示意图。
图中各标记如下：1-栓体，2-栓道件，3-人造牙冠，31-人造牙冠内壁，4-栓体基板，5-义齿，51-义齿人工牙，52-义齿基托，53-栓道容置槽，6-基牙，7-患者牙龈，8-粘接剂
具体实施方式
实施例1
与人造冠一体成型的栓体固位结构及配合栓道的制作方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)采集患者牙齿的三维空间信息；
临床上采集患者牙列印模，翻制石膏模型，再通过扫描石膏模型，采集牙齿的三维空间数据，结果见图4。应用德国西诺德(Sirona)扫描仪inEos X5和扫描软件Sirona inLab SW16采集牙齿的三维空间数据。
(2)根据步骤(1)采集的牙齿三维空间信息设计带有栓体固位结构的人造牙冠；
采用牙科设计专业软件进行设计。设计软件为德国exocad GmbH公司的
Figure PCTCN2020076399-appb-000001
dental2.2 Valletta牙科设计软件。
(3)采用一体切削成型的方法制作步骤(2)设计的带有栓体固位结构的人造牙冠，材质为二氧化锆；采用德国西诺德Sirona inLab MC X5切削机进行加工。
(4)设计与步骤(2)的栓体固位结构相匹配的栓道结构；
采用德国exocad GmbH公司的
Figure PCTCN2020076399-appb-000002
dental2.2 Valletta牙科专业设计软件进行设计。
(5)采用高分子材料切削成型制作步骤(4)的栓道结构；栓道材质采用德国Bredent公司生成的BioHPP高分子牙科仿生材料。
(6)将步骤(5)得到的栓道结构安装在需要与栓体固位结构相配合固定的义齿的基托内。在制作树脂义齿基托的充胶过程中直接将栓道一并埋入基托相应位置，得到的与人造冠一体成型的栓体固位结构及配合栓道参见图2A和图2B。
按照上述方法制备得到了与人造冠3一体成型的栓体固位结构1及配合栓道，该栓道安装在义齿4内。
栓体固位结构1与人造冠3一体成型，在给患者安装义齿时将牙冠粘结于天然基牙上。栓道2埋于义齿4的基托内，通过栓体固位结构1与栓道2的嵌合作用实现义齿4的固位和稳定。
本发明在临床中的使用方法见图3A和图3B所示，图3A为与人造冠一体成型的二氧化锆切削的栓体固位结构，图3B为带有栓道的义齿，修复体制作完成后固位力强，没有金属外露，有利于美观。图3C显示了采用与人造冠一体成型的栓体固位结构及配合栓道固位的最终义齿修复效果，功能与美观都得到了良好 的恢复。
实施例2
参见图5至图12所示：
一种栓体栓道式附着义齿固位结构，包括牙冠件和栓道件2；其中牙冠件由人造牙冠3、栓体1和栓体基板4组成；栓体1位于人造牙冠3的侧面，栓体基板4位于栓体2的龈方底面上、人造牙冠3的侧面；栓体1、人造牙冠3、栓体基板4之间两两一体成型连接；栓体基板4超出栓体1之外的部分用于支撑栓道件2，该部分的宽度为栓道件底面宽度的100％，栓体基板4的厚度为1mm；栓道件2嵌套在栓体1的外部，与栓体1配合连接固定。
所述人造牙冠3还具有内壁31，内壁31的形状是与患者基牙的牙冠部分相匹配的，用于将人造牙冠3粘接固定在患者的基牙上。
所述栓体1为横截面近似T形的柱状结构，边缘具有弧度，位于人造牙冠3的一侧。
所述栓体基板4与栓体的底面形状近似，比栓体1的底面大，栓体基板4超出栓体1的部分用于支撑栓道件2，该部分的宽度为栓道件底面宽度的100％，厚度为1mm。
所述牙冠件包括栓体1、栓体基板4和人造牙冠3均为二氧化锆材料以切削工艺采用一体成型的方法制作而成。
所述栓道件2固定连接(埋设安装)在义齿5的基托52内，其具体安装位置是栓道容置槽53，栓道件2的固定方式与现有技术相同。义齿5包括义齿人工牙51、义齿基托52和栓道容置槽53，义齿5并非本发明的创新点，其结构、材质均为现有技术，特点是采用了本发明的栓道件2。该栓道件2采用聚醚醚酮类高分子牙科仿生材料切削工艺制成，其形状与栓体1的形状相配合。由于所采用的材质和工艺，能够实现优于现有技术的匹配效果，更精准的进行固定和连接。
本发明的制作方法：
(1)采集患者牙齿的三维空间信息：临床上采集患者牙列印模，翻制石膏 模型，再通过扫描石膏模型，采集牙齿的三维空间数据。应用德国西诺德(Sirona)扫描仪inEos X5和扫描软件Sirona inLab SW16采集牙齿的三维空间数据。
(2)根据步骤(1)采集的三维空间信息设计牙冠件，采用牙科设计专业软件进行个性化设计，根据牙体宽度、高度等调整人造牙冠、栓体、栓体基板的尺寸和位置。设计的方法与现有技术中的设计方法大致相同，但在设计人造牙冠时，增加了对栓体和栓体基板结构的设计；设计软件为德国exocad GmbH公司的
Figure PCTCN2020076399-appb-000003
dental2.2 Valletta牙科设计软件。
(3)采用二氧化锆材料一体切削成型的方式制作步骤(2)设计的牙冠件；采用德国西诺德Sirona inLab MC X5切削机进行加工。
(4)采用牙科设计专业软件进行设计与步骤(2)的栓体相匹配的栓道件的结构；采用德国exocad GmbH公司的
Figure PCTCN2020076399-appb-000004
dental2.2 Valletta牙科专业设计软件进行设计。
(5)采用聚醚醚酮类高分子牙科仿生材料切削工艺制作步骤(4)设计的栓道件；栓道材质采用德国Bredent公司生成的BioHPP高分子牙科仿生材料。
(6)将步骤(5)得到的栓道件安装固定在需要与栓体配合固定的义齿的基托内。
本发明的使用方法参见图13至图16所示：
1.固定牙冠件：人造牙冠3具有与患者基牙6(患者余留的牙体组织，经过临床牙体预备，形成基牙的预备体外形)的表面形状相匹配的内壁31，在基牙6的表面和/或人造牙冠内壁31处涂覆粘接剂8，将栓体1朝向准备安装义齿5的方向，栓体基板位于朝向患者牙龈7的方向，把牙冠件粘接固定在患者的基牙6上；
2.等待一段时间，或进行加速固定处理，使牙冠件与患者基牙6牢固的粘接为一体；
3.安装义齿：预先将栓道件2固定安装在义齿基托52的栓道容置槽53内，安放义齿5，将栓道件2与牙冠件的栓体1进行配合连接固定，栓体1与栓道件2通过嵌合发挥义齿的固位和稳定作用；
4.完成安装：牙冠件与义齿5连接为一体，义齿基托52覆盖在患者牙龈7的表面，栓体基板4对栓道件2进行支撑，防止栓道件2向患者牙龈7的方向下沉，造成压迫患者牙龈的情况。
上文所列出的一系列的详细说明仅仅是针对本发明的可行性实施方式的具体说明，它们并非用以限制本发明的保护范围，本领域技术人员可以设计出很多其他的修改和实施方式，这些修改和实施方式将落在本申请公开的原则范围和精神之内。更具体地说，在本申请公开、附图和权利要求的范围内，可以对主题组合布局的组成部件和/或布局进行多种变型和改进。除了对组成部件和/或布局进行的变型和改进外，对于本领域技术人员来说，其他的用途也将是明显的。
。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种与人造冠一体成型的栓体固位结构及配合栓道的制作方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    (1)采集患者牙齿的三维空间信息；
    (2)根据步骤(1)采集的三维空间信息设计带有栓体固位结构的人造牙冠；
    (3)采用一体成型的方法制作步骤(2)设计的带有栓体固位结构的人造牙冠；
    (4)设计与步骤(2)的栓体固位结构相匹配的栓道结构；
    (5)制作步骤(4)的栓道结构；
    (6)将步骤(5)得到的栓道结构安装在需要与栓体固位结构配合固定的义齿的基托内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种与人造冠一体成型的栓体固位结构及配合栓道的制作方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(1)的采集方法为：通过口内扫描仪直接采集牙齿的三维空间数据；或者，临床上采集患者牙列印模，翻制石膏模型，再通过模型扫描采集牙齿的三维空间数据。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种与人造冠一体成型的栓体固位结构及配合栓道的制作方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(2)的设计方法为：采用牙科设计专业软件进行设计。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种与人造冠一体成型的栓体固位结构及配合栓道的制作方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(3)的一体成型的方法是一体切削或3D打印。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种与人造冠一体成型的栓体固位结构及配合栓道的制作方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(3)的带有栓体固位结构的人造牙冠为二氧化锆材质。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种与人造冠一体成型的栓体固位结构及配合栓道的制作方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(4)的设计方法为：采用牙科设计专业软件进行设计。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种与人造冠一体成型的栓体固位结构及配合栓道的制作方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(5)的制作方法为切削工艺或3D打印。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种与人造冠一体成型的栓体固位结构及配合栓道的制作方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(5)的栓道结构采用高分子材料切削工艺制成。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种与人造冠一体成型的栓体固位结构及配合栓道的制作方法，其特征在于，所述制作栓道结构的材料为聚醚醚酮类高分子牙科仿生材料。
  10. 一种与人造冠一体成型的栓体固位结构及配合栓道，其特征在于：采用权利要求1至9中任何一项所述制作方法制作得到。
  11. 一种栓体栓道式附着义齿固位结构，其特征在于，包括牙冠件和栓道件；其中牙冠件由人造牙冠、栓体和栓体基板组成；栓体位于人造牙冠的侧面，栓体基板位于栓体的龈方底面上、人造牙冠的侧面；栓体、人造牙冠、栓体基板之间两两一体成型连接；栓体基板超出栓体之外的部分用于支撑栓道件，该部分的宽度为栓道件底面宽度的80％～120％，栓体基板的厚度为0.5～1.5mm；栓道件嵌套在栓体的外部，与栓体配合连接固定。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的一种栓体栓道式附着义齿固位结构，其特征在于，所述栓体基板超出栓体之外的部分的宽度为栓道件底面宽度的95～105％，栓体基板的厚度为0.8mm～1.2mm。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的一种栓体栓道式附着义齿固位结构，其特征在于，所述栓体基板超出栓体之外的部分的宽度为栓道件底面宽度的100％，栓体基板的厚度为1mm。
  14. 根据权利要求11至13中任何一项所述的一种栓体栓道式附着义齿固位结构，其特征在于，所述栓体为柱状结构，位于人造牙冠的单侧，栓体的横截面近似T形，边缘具有弧度；所述栓体基板与栓体的底面形状近似，比栓体的底面大。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的一种栓体栓道式附着义齿固位结构，其特征在于，所述牙冠件为二氧化锆材料以切削工艺或3D打印一体成型的方法制作而成。
  16. 根据权利要求11至13中任何一项所述的一种栓体栓道式附着义齿固位结构，其特征在于，所述的栓道件采用高分子材料切削工艺制成。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的一种栓体栓道式附着义齿固位结构，其特征在于， 所述高分子材料为聚醚醚酮类高分子牙科仿生材料。
  18. 根据权利要求11至13中任何一项所述的一种栓体栓道式附着义齿固位结构，其特征在于，所述栓道件被固定连接在义齿基托内。
  19. 权利要求11至18所述的一种栓体栓道式附着义齿固位结构的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    (1)采集患者牙齿的三维空间信息；
    (2)根据步骤(1)采集的三维空间信息设计牙冠件，即人造牙冠、栓体和栓体基板组成的结构；
    (3)采用一体成型的方法制作步骤(2)设计的牙冠件；
    (4)设计与步骤(2)的栓体相匹配的栓道件的结构；
    (5)制作步骤(4)设计的栓道件；
    (6)将步骤(5)得到的栓道件安装在需要与栓体配合固定的义齿的基托内。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的一种栓体栓道式附着义齿固位结构的制备方法，其特征在于，所述步骤(1)的采集方法为：通过口内扫描仪直接采集牙齿的三维空间数据；或者，临床上采集患者牙列印模，翻制石膏模型，再通过模型扫描采集牙齿的三维空间数据；
    所述步骤(2)的设计方法为：采用牙科设计专业软件进行个性化设计，根据牙体宽度、高度等调整人造牙冠、栓体、栓体基板的尺寸和位置；
    所述步骤(3)的一体成型的方法为：采用二氧化锆材料一体切削或3D打印；
    所述步骤(4)的设计方法为：采用牙科设计专业软件进行设计；
    所述步骤(5)的制作方法为：采用聚醚醚酮类高分子牙科仿生材料切削工艺或3D打印。
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