WO2020211321A1 - 一种污泥脱水方法 - Google Patents

一种污泥脱水方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020211321A1
WO2020211321A1 PCT/CN2019/113141 CN2019113141W WO2020211321A1 WO 2020211321 A1 WO2020211321 A1 WO 2020211321A1 CN 2019113141 W CN2019113141 W CN 2019113141W WO 2020211321 A1 WO2020211321 A1 WO 2020211321A1
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sludge
chitosan
dosage
dry weight
stirring
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PCT/CN2019/113141
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English (en)
French (fr)
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刘梦茹
林凤
朱小林
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华南理工大学
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Publication of WO2020211321A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020211321A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
    • C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
    • C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
    • C02F11/148—Combined use of inorganic and organic substances, being added in the same treatment step

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of sludge dewatering treatment, in particular to a method for combined conditioning of sludge with a composite green conditioning agent.
  • Activated sludge is an inevitable by-product in the biological sewage treatment process. Its composition is very complex, containing a large amount of organic matter, pathogenic microorganisms, heavy metals, nitrogen, phosphorus and other eutrophication elements and other harmful substances. The environment causes great harm.
  • the treatment and disposal of sludge should follow the method of "reduction, stabilization, harmlessness, and resource utilization", among which "reduction” is the primary purpose. Therefore, sludge dewatering is the top priority in sludge treatment. .
  • the Chinese patent document with authorization announcement number CN101985386A discloses "a conditioner and conditioning method for dewatering domestic sludge". Under normal temperature and pressure conditions, polyaluminum sulfate, quicklime and bamboo charcoal are sequentially added to the sludge to be treated, and the reaction is stirred. After at least 5 minutes, add the polyacrylamide and quaternary ammonium salt in sequence, stir for at least 3 minutes, and finally press filter.
  • the raw materials involved in the sludge conditioning method mostly have secondary pollution, and the source of bamboo charcoal is not extensive.
  • the Chinese patent document "A composite sludge dewatering conditioner and its application method” discloses a composite sludge dewatering conditioner, which is a compound of sludge conditioner A and sludge conditioner B , Sludge conditioner A is compounded by the following components by weight: 20-30 parts fly ash, 10-20 parts quicklime powder, 10-20 parts magnesium oxide, 20-30 parts polyaluminum iron chloride , Sludge conditioner B is chitosan acetic acid solution.
  • the sludge conditioner has more components, and the sludge after adding fly ash is not conducive to resource utilization, and the invention does not involve the improvement of the sludge dewatering rate.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the secondary pollution of traditional sludge conditioner, the dewatering effect is not obvious, and the sludge disposal cost is high, etc., and provide a sludge conditioner with low consumption, clean and environmental protection, and good dewatering effect. Quality agent.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a sludge conditioner with low consumption, clean environmental protection, and good dehydration effect in view of the secondary pollution existing in the traditional sludge conditioner and the insignificant dehydration effect.
  • the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
  • a sludge dewatering method Inorganic coagulant, organic flocculant and biomass powder are directly added to the remaining sludge for conditioning, and the conditioned sludge is subjected to subsequent dehydration treatment;
  • the inorganic flocculant is chlorine Calcium;
  • the organic flocculant is at least one of chitosan, chitosan hydrochloride and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt.
  • the organic flocculant is at least one of chitosan with a degree of deacetylation greater than 90%, chitosan hydrochloride with a degree of deacetylation greater than 90%, and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt with a degree of deacetylation greater than 95%.
  • chitosan with a degree of deacetylation greater than 90%
  • chitosan hydrochloride with a degree of deacetylation greater than 90%
  • chitosan quaternary ammonium salt with a degree of deacetylation greater than 95%.
  • the biomass is peanut shells or corn cobs.
  • the biomass powder is a powder with a moisture content of less than 6% passing through a 50-mesh sieve.
  • the dosage of calcium chloride is 0.01 to 10% of the dry weight of sludge; the dosage of the organic flocculant is 0.01% to 5% of the dry weight of sludge; The dosage is 0.01-20% of the dry weight of sludge.
  • the dosage of the calcium chloride is 0.1 to 8% of the dry weight of the sludge; the dosage of the organic flocculant is 0.1% to 2% of the dry weight of the sludge; the amount of the biomass powder The dosage is 0.1 ⁇ 10% of the dry weight of sludge.
  • the dosage of calcium chloride is 1 to 5% of the dry weight of sludge; the dosage of the organic flocculant is 0.25% to 1% of the dry weight of sludge; The dosage is 2 ⁇ 10% of the dry weight of sludge.
  • the conditioning is stirring, and the stirring time is 0.5-30 min.
  • the stirring includes fast stirring and slow stirring, the speed of fast stirring is 150 ⁇ 400r/min, the stirring time is 0.5 ⁇ 5min; the speed of slow stirring is 20 ⁇ 150r/min, and the stirring time is 1 ⁇ 10min.
  • the fast stirring speed is 150 ⁇ 200r/min, and the stirring time is 0.5 ⁇ 1min; the slow stirring speed is 100 ⁇ 150r/min, and the stirring time is 2 ⁇ 5min.
  • the organic flocculant is a mixture of chitosan, chitosan hydrochloride and chitosan quaternary ammonium salt, and the mass ratio of the three is (1 ⁇ 4): (0.5 ⁇ 3): (1 ⁇ 3).
  • the surplus sludge is not treated, which specifically means that the concentration, temperature, and pH value of the sludge are not treated.
  • the surface of the sludge particles is negatively charged, after CaCl 2 is dissolved in water, the positively charged Ca 2+ and the negative charge on the surface of the sludge particles are neutralized, which reduces the repulsive force between the sludge particles and makes it easier to remove the sludge.
  • Physical conditioning agents also called filter aids or framework constructs, can be added to the sludge to form a hard and permeable framework structure, which can maintain the porous structure even under high pressure and provide more moisture for the sludge. More pores help the drainage of water. Using it in combination with flocculants can not only increase the filtration speed, but also reduce the amount of filter aid added. Therefore, the present invention improves the comprehensive dewatering performance of sludge by using calcium chloride, chitosan and its derivatives and peanut shells to jointly condition and temper the sludge, and provides a better conditioning method for actual production.
  • the compound conditioner used in the present invention not only simplifies the sludge treatment process, but also improves the sludge dewatering performance, so that the moisture content of the sludge cake after filter press can be reduced to 60%. The following reduces the cost of sludge disposal.
  • the chitosan and its derivatives used in the present invention are non-toxic and easily biodegradable; the dosage of calcium chloride and peanut shell is small, does not increase the volume, and is clean and environmentally friendly, and does not cause secondary pollution. Conducive to the subsequent treatment and resource utilization of sludge.
  • the biomass powder used in the present invention can form a hard and permeable frame structure in the sludge, which acts as a skeleton construct, provides more pores for the water in the sludge, and helps water Because the surface of the sludge particles is negatively charged, after CaCl 2 is dissolved in water, the positively charged Ca 2+ neutralizes the negative charges on the surface of the sludge particles, which reduces the repulsive force between the sludge particles and makes it easier to foul Sludge destabilization aggregation and sludge water separation; while chitosan and its derivatives are positively charged polymer flocculants, which have flocculation and bridging functions and a certain charge neutralization effect to make sludge agglomerate into larger The flocs, thereby improving the comprehensive dewatering performance of the sludge. Therefore, the three types of modifiers have a good synergistic effect when they are compounded.
  • the sludge was taken from the remaining sludge in the secondary settling tank of a sewage treatment plant in Guangzhou.
  • the basic properties are as follows: the water content is 97.3 ⁇ 0.3%, the sludge capillary water absorption time is 60.3 ⁇ 2.1s, and the pH is 6.6 ⁇ 0.2.
  • the sludge was taken from the remaining sludge in the secondary settling tank of a sewage treatment plant in Guangzhou.
  • the basic properties are as follows: the water content is 97.3 ⁇ 0.3%, the sludge capillary water absorption time is 60.3 ⁇ 2.1s, and the pH is 6.6 ⁇ 0.2.
  • the dosage of calcium chloride is 2% of the dry weight of the sludge
  • the dosage of chitosan hydrochloride (the degree of deacetylation is 90%) is that of the dry weight of the sludge. 0.4%, the dosage of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (degree of deacetylation is 95%) is 0.3% of the dry weight of sludge, and the dosage of chitosan (degree of deacetylation is 90%) is the amount of dry sludge 0.3%, the peanut shell dosage is 4% of the dry weight of the sludge.
  • the stirring conditions are first stirring at a speed of 150r/min for 30s, and then stirring at a speed of 50r/min for 2min. After conditioning, the sludge capillary water absorption time changes It was 15.4s, and the decrease rate was 74.46%; the moisture content of the mud cake after press filtration was 59.75%.
  • the sludge was taken from the remaining sludge in the secondary settling tank of a sewage treatment plant in Guangzhou.
  • the basic properties are as follows: moisture content is 97.3 ⁇ 0.3%, capillary water absorption time is 60.3 ⁇ 2.1s, and pH is 6.6 ⁇ 0.2.
  • the dosage of calcium chloride is 5% of the dry weight of the sludge
  • the dosage of chitosan hydrochloride (the degree of deacetylation is 90%) is that of the dry weight of the sludge. 0.2%, the dosage of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt (degree of deacetylation is 95%) is 0.1% of the dry weight of sludge, and the dosage of chitosan (degree of deacetylation is 90%) is the amount of dry sludge 0.2%, the peanut shell dosage is 2% of the dry weight of the sludge.
  • the stirring conditions are first stirring at a speed of 150r/min for 1min, and then at a speed of 50r/min for 5min. After conditioning, the capillary water absorption time of the sludge changes. It is 22.4s, and the rate of decrease is 62.85%; the moisture content of the mud cake after filter press is 58.32%.
  • the sludge was taken from the remaining sludge in the secondary settling tank of a sewage treatment plant in Guangzhou.
  • the basic properties are as follows: moisture content is 97.3 ⁇ 0.3%, capillary water absorption time is 60.3 ⁇ 2.1s, and pH is 6.6 ⁇ 0.2.
  • the stirring condition is to first stir at 100r/min for 50s, and then at 50r/min. After stirring for 3 minutes, the capillary water absorption time of the sludge after conditioning is 28.9s, and the decrease rate is 55.21%; the moisture content of the mud cake after pressure filtration is 64.58%.
  • Comparative Example 1 The sludge was taken from the remaining sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank of a sewage treatment plant in Guangzhou.
  • the basic properties are as follows: the water content is 97.3 ⁇ 0.3%, the capillary water absorption time is 60.3 ⁇ 2.1s, and the pH is 6.6 ⁇ 0.2.
  • the stirring condition is to first stir at 200r/min for 30s, and then at 50r/min for 2min. After quenching and tempering, the capillary water absorption time of the sludge is 27.01s, and the decrease rate is 55.21%; the moisture content of the mud cake after pressure filtration is 70.78%.
  • Comparative Example 2 The sludge was taken from the remaining sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank of a sewage treatment plant in Guangzhou.
  • the basic properties are as follows: the water content is 97.3 ⁇ 0.3%, the capillary water absorption time is 60.3 ⁇ 2.1s, and the pH is 6.6 ⁇ 0.2.
  • the stirring condition is to first stir at 180r/min for 30s, and then at 50r/min for 2min to temper
  • the capillary water absorption time of the post-sludge was 36.56s; the decrease rate was 39.37%; the moisture content of the mud cake after press filtration was 68.34%.

Abstract

一种污泥脱水方法，在剩余污泥中直接加入无机混凝剂、有机絮凝剂及生物质粉末进行调质，将调质后的污泥再进行后续脱水处理；所述无机絮凝剂为氯化钙；所述有机絮凝剂为壳聚糖、壳聚糖盐酸盐及壳聚糖季铵盐中的至少一种。通过使用氯化钙、壳聚糖及其衍生物及生物质粉末联合调质污泥，不但可以简化污泥处理工艺，而且改善了污泥脱水性能，可使压滤后的泥饼含水率降至60％以下，降低了污泥处置成本。

Description

一种污泥脱水方法 技术领域
本发明涉及污泥脱水处理技术领域，具体涉及一种复合型绿色调质剂对污泥进行联合调质的方法。
 背景技术
活性污泥是污水生物处理过程中不可避免的副产物，其组成十分复杂，含有大量的有机物质、病原微生物、重金属、氮、磷等富营养化元素及其它有害物质，如不适当处置将对环境造成极大的危害。污泥的处理处置应按照“减量化、稳定化、无害化、资源化”的方式，其中“减量化”是首要目的，因此，污泥脱水是污泥处理中的重中之重。
目前，国内污水处理厂采用化学调质（如聚丙烯酰胺( PAM) 、聚合氯化铝( PAC) 等）加机械压滤的方式，但这些调质剂会带来重金属污染，具有生物毒性，且难降解，大量使用对环境具有潜在危害，不利于污泥的后续处理和资源化利用。中国专利文件“一种城市污泥脱水调理剂”（CN101967035A）公布了一种由阴离子型PAM与壳聚糖组成的污泥调理剂，提高了污泥的脱水性能，但PAM难降解，在污泥脱水过程中易产生二次污染。授权公告号CN101985386A的中国专利文献公开了“一种生活污泥脱水用调理剂及调理方法”，在常温常压条件下，向待处理污泥中依次加入聚合硫酸铝、生石灰和竹炭，搅拌反应至少5分钟后再依次加入所述聚丙烯酰胺和季铵盐，搅拌至少3分钟，最后压滤即可。但该污泥调理方法涉及的原料多存在二次污染，且竹炭来源并不广泛。“一种复合型污泥脱水调理剂及其应用方法”(CN105948457A)的中国专利文献公开了一种复合型污泥脱水调理剂，由污泥调理剂A和污泥调理剂B复配而成，污泥调理剂A由下述重量份的组份复配而成：粉煤灰20～30份、生石灰粉10～20份、氧化镁10～20份、聚合氯化铝铁20～30份，污泥调理剂B为壳聚糖的醋酸溶液。但污泥调理剂的组分也较多，加入粉煤灰后的污泥不利于资源化利用，且该发明也未涉及污泥脱水速率的提高。
因此，国内外正积极研究开发高效、安全、低成本的污泥脱水调理剂，其中天然、无毒、易降解的壳聚糖及其衍生物越来越受到人们的关注。
 技术问题
本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对传统污泥调质剂存在的二次污染，脱水效果不明显、污泥处置成本高等问题，提供一种消耗少、清洁环保、脱水效果较好的污泥调质剂。
 技术解决方案
本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对传统污泥调质剂存在的二次污染，脱水效果不明显等问题，提供一种消耗少、清洁环保、脱水效果较好的污泥调质剂。
为实现以上目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种污泥脱水方法，在剩余污泥中直接加入无机混凝剂、有机絮凝剂及生物质粉末进行调质，将调质后的污泥再进行后续脱水处理；所述无机絮凝剂为氯化钙；所述有机絮凝剂为壳聚糖、壳聚糖盐酸盐及壳聚糖季铵盐中的至少一种。
优选地，所述有机絮凝剂为脱乙酰度大于90%的壳聚糖、脱乙酰度大于90%的壳聚糖盐酸盐及脱乙酰度大于95%的壳聚糖季铵盐中的至少一种。
优选地，所述生物质为花生壳或玉米芯。
优选地，所述生物质粉末为过50目筛的含水率小于6%的粉末。
优选地，所述氯化钙的投加量为污泥干重的0.01~10%；所述有机絮凝剂的投加量为污泥干重的0.01%~5%；所述生物质粉末的投加量为污泥干重的0.01~20%。
优选地，所述氯化钙的投加量为污泥干重的0.1~8%；所述有机絮凝剂的投加量为污泥干重的0.1%~2%；所述生物质粉末的投加量为污泥干重的0.1~10%。
优选地，所述氯化钙的投加量为污泥干重的1~5%；所述有机絮凝剂的投加量为污泥干重的0.25%~1%；所述生物质粉末的投加量为污泥干重的2~10%。
优选地，所述调质为搅拌，搅拌时间为0.5~30min。
优选地，所述搅拌包括快搅拌和慢搅拌，快搅拌转速为150~400r/min，搅拌时间为0.5~5min；慢搅拌转速为20~150 r/min，搅拌时间为1~10min。
优选地，所述的快搅拌转速为150~200r/min，搅拌时间为0.5~1min；慢搅拌转速为100~150r/min，搅拌时间为2~5min。
优选地，所述有机絮凝剂为壳聚糖、壳聚糖盐酸盐及壳聚糖季铵盐的混合，三者的质量比为（1~4）：（0.5~3）：（1~3）。
所述剩余污泥不经处理，具体是指：污泥的浓度、温度、pH值均不作处理。
由于污泥颗粒表面带负电荷，CaCl 2溶于水后，带正电的Ca 2+与污泥颗粒表面负电荷发生中和，降低了污泥颗粒间的排斥力，更易于污泥的脱稳聚集以及泥水分离。物理调理剂，也称为助滤剂或骨架构建体，加入到污泥中能形成坚硬的、可渗透的框架结构，即使在高压作用下仍能保持多孔结构，为污泥中的水分提供更多的孔道，有助于水分的排出，将其与絮凝剂联合使用，不仅能提高过滤速度，而且能减少助滤剂的投加量。因此，本发明即通过使用氯化钙、壳聚糖及其衍生物及花生壳联合调质污泥，改善污泥综合脱水性能，为生产实际提供更优的调质方法。
有益效果
本发明的有益之处在于：
（1）本发明采用的复合调质剂对污泥进行调质的方法，不但可以简化污泥处理工艺，而且改善了污泥脱水性能，可使压滤后的泥饼含水率降至60%以下，降低了污泥处置成本。
（2）本发明采用的壳聚糖及其衍生物无毒害，易生物降解；氯化钙及花生壳投加量少，不增容，并且具有清洁环保，不会产生二次污染等特点，有利于污泥的后续处理和资源化利用。
（3）本发明采用的生物质粉末，在污泥中能形成坚硬的、可渗透的框架结构，起到骨架构建体的作用，为污泥中的水分提供更多的孔道，有助于水分的排出；由于污泥颗粒表面带负电荷，CaCl 2溶于水后，带正电的Ca 2+与污泥颗粒表面负电荷发生中和，降低了污泥颗粒间的排斥力，更易于污泥的脱稳聚集以及泥水分离；而壳聚糖及其衍生物是一种带正电荷的高分子絮凝剂，具有絮凝和架桥作用以及一定的电荷中和作用，使污泥凝聚成更大的絮体，从而使污泥的综合脱水性能得到改善。因此，三类调质剂复合时起到了很好的协同作用。
本发明的实施方式
由于各地污水水质和所采取的处理工艺存在差异，产生的剩余污泥性质有所不同，而且不同厂家的天然高分子絮凝剂的参数和性能也有所区别，因此在不违背本发明实质和所附权利要求范围的前提下，可以对本发明的一些参数进行适当调整，以适应具体的情况。下面结合实例对本发明作进一步详述：
实施例1：
污泥取自广州市某污水处理厂二沉池的剩余污泥，基本性质如下：含水率为97.3±0.3%，污泥毛细吸水时间为60.3±2.1s，pH为6.6±0.2。
取100ml污泥置于250ml的烧杯中，其中氯化钙（分析纯）投加量为污泥干重的1%，壳聚糖盐酸盐（脱乙酰度为90%）的投加量为污泥干重的0.1%，壳聚糖季铵盐（脱乙酰度为95%）的投加量为污泥干重的0.05%，壳聚糖（脱乙酰度为90%）投加量为污泥干重的0.1%，花生壳投加量为污泥干重的10%，搅拌条件为先以200r/min的转速搅拌30s，再以100 r/min的转速搅拌2min，污泥毛细吸水时间变为27.6s，下降率为54.23%；压滤后的泥饼含水率为57.69%。
实施例2：
污泥取自广州市某污水处理厂二沉池的剩余污泥，基本性质如下：含水率为97.3±0.3%，污泥毛细吸水时间为60.3±2.1s，pH为6.6±0.2。
取100ml污泥置于250ml的烧杯中，氯化钙投加量为污泥干重的2%，壳聚糖盐酸盐（脱乙酰度为90%）的投加量为污泥干重的0.4%，壳聚糖季铵盐（脱乙酰度为95%）的投加量为污泥干重的0.3%，壳聚糖（脱乙酰度为90%）投加量为污泥干重的0.3%，花生壳投加量为污泥干重的4%，搅拌条件为先以150r/min的转速搅拌30s，再以50 r/min的转速搅拌2min，调质后污泥毛细吸水时间变为15.4s，下降率为74.46%；压滤后的泥饼含水率为59.75%。
实施例3：
污泥取自广州市某污水处理厂二沉池的剩余污泥，基本性质如下：含水率为97.3±0.3%，毛细吸水时间为60.3±2.1s，pH为6.6±0.2。
取100ml污泥置于250ml的烧杯中，氯化钙投加量为污泥干重的5%，壳聚糖盐酸盐（脱乙酰度为90%）的投加量为污泥干重的0.2%，壳聚糖季铵盐（脱乙酰度为95%）的投加量为污泥干重的0.1%，壳聚糖（脱乙酰度为90%）投加量为污泥干重的0.2%，花生壳投加量为污泥干重的2%，搅拌条件为先以150r/min的转速搅拌1min，再以50 r/min的转速搅拌5min，调质后污泥毛细吸水时间变为22.4s，下降率为62.85%；压滤后的泥饼含水率为58.32%。
实施例4：
污泥取自广州市某污水处理厂二沉池的剩余污泥，基本性质如下：含水率为97.3±0.3%，毛细吸水时间为60.3±2.1s，pH为6.6±0.2。
取100ml污泥置于250ml的烧杯中，壳聚糖季铵盐投加量为污泥干重的0.25%，搅拌条件为先以100r/min的转速搅拌50s，再以50 r/min的转速搅拌3min，调质后污泥毛细吸水时间为28.9s，下降率为55.21%；压滤后的泥饼含水率为64.58%。
对比例1：污泥取自广州市某污水处理厂二沉池的剩余污泥，基本性质如下：含水率为97.3±0.3%，毛细吸水时间为60.3±2.1s，pH为6.6±0.2。
取100ml污泥置于250ml的烧杯中，阳离子聚丙烯酰胺投加量为污泥干重的0.4%，搅拌条件为先以200r/min的转速搅拌30s，再以50 r/min的转速搅拌2min，调质后污泥毛细吸水时间为27.01s，下降率为55.21%；压滤后的泥饼含水率为70.78%。
对比例2：污泥取自广州市某污水处理厂二沉池的剩余污泥，基本性质如下：含水率为97.3±0.3%，毛细吸水时间为60.3±2.1s，pH为6.6±0.2。
取100ml污泥置于250ml的烧杯中，FeCl3投加量为污泥干重的330%，搅拌条件为先以180r/min的转速搅拌30s，再以50 r/min的转速搅拌2min，调质后污泥毛细吸水时间为36.56s；下降率为39.37%；压滤后的泥饼含水率为68.34%。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种污泥脱水方法，其特征在于，在剩余污泥中直接加入无机混凝剂、有机絮凝剂及生物质粉末进行调质，将调质后的污泥再进行后续脱水处理；所述无机絮凝剂为氯化钙；所述有机絮凝剂为壳聚糖、壳聚糖盐酸盐及壳聚糖季铵盐中的至少一种。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述有机絮凝剂为脱乙酰度大于90%的壳聚糖、脱乙酰度大于90%的壳聚糖盐酸盐及脱乙酰度大于95%的壳聚糖季铵盐中的至少一种；所述生物质为花生壳或玉米芯。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述生物质粉末为过50目筛的含水率小于6%的粉末。
  4. 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述氯化钙的投加量为污泥干重的0.01~10%；所述有机絮凝剂的投加量为污泥干重的0.01%~5%；所述生物质粉末的投加量为污泥干重的0.01~20%。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述氯化钙的投加量为污泥干重的0.1~8%；所述有机絮凝剂的投加量为污泥干重的0.1%~2%；所述生物质粉末的投加量为污泥干重的0.1~10%。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于，所述氯化钙的投加量为污泥干重的1~5%；所述有机絮凝剂的投加量为污泥干重的0.25%~1%；所述生物质粉末的投加量为污泥干重的2~10%。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述调质为搅拌，搅拌时间为0.5~30min。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述搅拌包括快搅拌和慢搅拌，快搅拌转速为150~400r/min，搅拌时间为0.5~5min；慢搅拌转速为20~150 r/min，搅拌时间为1~10min。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述的快搅拌转速为150~200r/min，搅拌时间为0.5~1min；慢搅拌转速为100~150r/min，搅拌时间为2~5min。
  10. 根据权利要求1或2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述有机絮凝剂为壳聚糖、壳聚糖盐酸盐及壳聚糖季铵盐的混合，三者的质量比为（1~4）：（0.5~3）：（1~3）。
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