WO2020203707A1

WO2020203707A1 - Refrigeration cycle device

Info

Publication number: WO2020203707A1
Application number: PCT/JP2020/013872
Authority: WO
Inventors: 和志久山; 柯壁陳; 岡本　哲也
Original assignee: ダイキン工業株式会社
Priority date: 2019-03-29
Filing date: 2020-03-26
Publication date: 2020-10-08
Also published as: JP2020165646A; JP6825736B2; JP2020186909A

Abstract

A refrigerant circuit (20) has a first compressor (21), a second compressor (22), a heat-source-side heat exchanger (24), an expansion mechanism (26), and a use-side heat exchanger (27). An injection circuit (30) supplies, to the suction side of the second compressor (22), some of the refrigerant flowing toward the expansion mechanism (26) from the heat exchanger serving as a radiator among the heat-source-side heat exchanger (24) and the use-side heat exchanger (27). In steady heating operation in which the use-side heat exchanger (27) serves as a radiator and the heat-source-side heat exchanger (24) serves as an evaporator, the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) is always lower than the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22).

Description

Refrigeration cycle equipment

This disclosure relates to a refrigeration cycle device.

Patent Document 1 discloses an air conditioner. In this air conditioner, a low-stage compressor, a high-stage compressor, a condenser, a first decompression device, and an evaporator are sequentially connected to form a refrigeration cycle. Further, in this air conditioner, the compression ratio of the low-stage compressor is larger than the compression ratio of the high-stage compressor during the heating operation.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2004-183913

In the air conditioner of Patent Document 1, since the compression ratio of the low-stage compressor is larger than the compression ratio of the high-stage compressor, the temperature of the refrigerant discharged from the low-stage compressor may become too high. There is. Therefore, it is difficult to protect the low-stage compressor from destruction due to high temperature.

The first aspect of the present disclosure relates to a refrigerating cycle apparatus, in which the refrigerating cycle apparatus compresses and discharges a first compressor (21) and a refrigerant discharged from the first compressor (21). A refrigerant circuit (20) having a second compressor (22) that compresses and discharges, a heat source side heat exchanger (24), an expansion mechanism (26), and a user side heat exchanger (27), and the above. Of the heat source side heat exchanger (24) and the utilization side heat exchanger (27), a part of the refrigerant flowing from the heat exchanger serving as the radiator to the expansion mechanism (26) is part of the second compressor (22). It is equipped with an injection circuit (30) that supplies the suction side. The compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) is always in the steady operation of heating in which the heat exchanger (27) on the utilization side serves as a radiator and the heat exchanger (24) on the heat source side serves as an evaporator. Is smaller than the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22).

In the first aspect, in the steady operation of heating, the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) is made smaller than the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22), whereby the first compressor It is possible to suppress an increase in the temperature of the refrigerant discharged from (21) (hereinafter referred to as “discharge temperature”). As a result, the first compressor (21) can be protected from destruction due to high temperature.

A second aspect of the present disclosure, in the first aspect, further comprises an intermediate heat exchanger (40), wherein the injection circuit (30) is an injection expansion valve (30) that depressurizes the refrigerant flowing through the injection circuit (30). 31), the intermediate heat exchanger (40) is a refrigerant flowing out from the heat exchanger serving as a radiator among the heat source side heat exchanger (24) and the utilization side heat exchanger (27). It is a refrigeration cycle apparatus characterized by heat exchange with a refrigerant decompressed by the injection expansion valve (31).

In the second aspect, the refrigerant flowing out from the heat exchanger (heat source side heat exchanger (24) or user side heat exchanger (27)) serving as a radiator in the intermediate heat exchanger (40) and the injection expansion valve (31). By exchanging heat with the refrigerant decompressed by), the refrigerant flowing out from the heat exchanger serving as the radiator can be overcooled. Thereby, the operating efficiency (for example, COP) of the refrigerating cycle apparatus (10) can be improved.

In the third aspect of the present disclosure, in the first or second aspect, the second compressor (22) has a compression chamber for compressing the refrigerant, and the refrigerant can be supplied to the compression chamber in the middle of compression. The injection circuit (30) is configured from the heat exchanger serving as the radiator among the heat source side heat exchanger (24) and the utilization side heat exchanger (27) to the expansion mechanism (26). A first state in which a part of the refrigerant heading toward is supplied to the suction side of the second compressor (22), and a part of the refrigerant is supplied to the compression chamber in the middle of compression of the second compressor (22). It is a refrigeration cycle apparatus characterized in that it can be switched to the second state.

In the third aspect, since the state of the injection circuit (30) can be switched between the first state and the second state, the increase in the discharge temperature of the second compressor (22) is appropriately suppressed by using the injection. can do. As a result, the operable range of the refrigerating cycle apparatus (10) (the range of the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20)) can be widened.

In the fourth aspect of the present disclosure, in the first or second aspect, the second compressor (22) has a compression chamber for compressing the refrigerant, and the refrigerant can be supplied to the compression chamber in the middle of compression. The injection circuit (30) is configured from the heat exchanger serving as the radiator among the heat source side heat exchanger (24) and the utilization side heat exchanger (27) to the expansion mechanism (26). The first state of supplying a part of the refrigerant toward the suction side of the second compressor (22) and the first state of supplying a part of the refrigerant to the compression chamber in the middle of compression of the second compressor (22). A refrigeration cycle characterized in that it is possible to switch between two states and a third state in which a part of the refrigerant is supplied to both the suction side of the second compressor (22) and the compression chamber during compression. It is a device.

In the fourth aspect, since the state of the injection circuit (30) can be switched between the first state, the second state, and the third state, the injection temperature of the second compressor (22) rises by using the injection. Can be appropriately suppressed. As a result, the operable range of the refrigerating cycle apparatus (10) (the range of the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20)) can be widened.

A fifth aspect of the present disclosure is the injection according to a physical quantity (X) that correlates with the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20) in the third or fourth aspect. It is a refrigeration cycle apparatus characterized in that the state of the circuit (30) can be switched.

In the fifth aspect, the injection circuit (30) can be appropriately switched by switching the state of the injection circuit (30) according to the physical quantity (X).

A sixth aspect of the present disclosure is the physical quantity (X) and the second compressor (22) that correlate with the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20) in the third aspect. ), The state of the injection circuit (30) is switched according to the ratio (Prr) of the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) to the compression ratio (Pr2). Is.

In the sixth aspect, the ratio (Prr) of the physical quantity (X) to the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22) to the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) (hereinafter, "compression ratio"). By switching the state of the injection circuit (30) according to the ratio (Prr) of ) Can be switched appropriately.

In the seventh aspect of the present disclosure, in the sixth aspect, the injection circuit (30) has a case where the physical quantity (X) is less than a predetermined physical quantity threshold value (Xth) and a case where the physical quantity (X) is less than a predetermined physical quantity threshold value (Xth). A predetermined ratio (Prr) of the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) to the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22) that is equal to or higher than the physical quantity threshold value (Xth). When it is equal to or higher than the threshold value (Pth1), the first state is set, and the physical quantity (X) is equal to or higher than the physical quantity threshold value (Xth) and the first state with respect to the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22). The refrigeration cycle apparatus is characterized in that the second state is obtained when the ratio (Prr) of the compression ratio (Pr1) in the compressor (21) is less than the ratio threshold value (Pth1).

In the seventh aspect, when the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20) is relatively small (when the discharge temperature of the second compressor (22) is relatively difficult to rise). In addition, the injection circuit (30) can be put into the first state. The first state of the injection circuit (30) can suppress an increase in the discharge temperature of the first compressor (21) as compared with the second state of the injection circuit (30). Therefore, when the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20) is relatively low, the injection circuit (30) is set to the first state to obtain the first compressor (21). The effect of suppressing an increase in the discharge temperature can be improved.

Further, in the seventh aspect, when the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20) is relatively high (the discharge temperature of the second compressor (22) tends to rise relatively easily. In some cases), the injection circuit (30) can be put into the second state according to the compression ratio ratio (Prr). The second state of the injection circuit (30) can suppress an increase in the discharge temperature of the second compressor (22) as compared with the first state of the injection circuit (30). Therefore, when the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20) is relatively high, the injection circuit (30) is put into the second state according to the ratio of the compression ratio (Prr). Therefore, the rise in the discharge temperature of the second compressor (22) can be appropriately suppressed.

The eighth aspect of the present disclosure is the refrigeration cycle apparatus according to the seventh aspect, wherein the ratio threshold value (Pth1) gradually increases as the physical quantity (X) increases.

In the eighth aspect, as the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20) increases, the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22) increases, and the second The discharge temperature of the compressor (22) tends to rise. Therefore, by gradually increasing the ratio threshold value (Pth1) as the physical quantity (X) increases, the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20) increases, resulting in the second compressor (Pe). When the discharge temperature of 22) tends to rise, the injection circuit (30) can be put into the second state at a stage where the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22) is relatively low. As a result, an increase in the discharge temperature of the second compressor (22) can be appropriately suppressed.

A ninth aspect of the present disclosure is a physical quantity (X) that correlates with the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20) in any one of the first to eighth aspects. As the value increases, the ratio (Prr) of the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) to the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22) gradually decreases. It is a refrigeration cycle device.

In the ninth aspect, the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20) is increased by gradually lowering the compression ratio ratio (Prr) as the physical quantity (X) increases. The compression ratio corresponding to the product of the compression ratio (compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) and the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22)) required for the refrigeration cycle apparatus (10) due to the increase. ) Increases, the increase in the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to suppress an increase in the load on the first compressor (21).

In the tenth aspect of the present disclosure, in any one of the first to ninth aspects, the heat source side heat exchanger (24) serves as a radiator, and the user side heat exchanger (27) serves as an evaporator. Even in the steady operation of the cooling system, the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) is always smaller than the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22). It is a refrigeration cycle device.

In the tenth aspect, in the steady operation of cooling, the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) is made smaller than the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22), so that the steady operation of heating is performed. As in the case, the rise in the discharge temperature of the first compressor (21) can be suppressed, and the first compressor (21) can be protected from destruction due to high temperature.

The eleventh aspect of the present disclosure is characterized in that, in any one of the first to tenth aspects, the first compressor (21) is a rotary type or a swing piston type compressor. It is a refrigeration cycle device.

In the eleventh aspect, the first compressor (21) is composed of a rotary type or a swing piston type compressor, so that the first compressor (21) is composed of a scroll type compressor. It is possible to reduce the size and speed of the first compressor (21). As a result, it is possible to easily secure the refrigerant flow rate even under an operating condition where the refrigerant density is low. In addition, the refrigeration cycle apparatus (10) can be downsized and reduced in cost.

A twelfth aspect of the present disclosure is a refrigerating cycle apparatus according to any one of the first to tenth aspects, wherein the first compressor (21) is a turbo type compressor. ..

In the twelfth aspect, the first compressor (21) is composed of a turbo type compressor, and the first compressor (21) is composed of a scroll type, rotary type, or swing piston type compressor. It is possible to realize a smaller size and a higher speed of the first compressor (21) than in the case. As a result, it is possible to easily secure the refrigerant flow rate even under an operating condition where the refrigerant density is low. In addition, the refrigeration cycle apparatus (10) can be downsized and reduced in cost.

FIG. 1 is a piping diagram illustrating the configuration of the refrigeration cycle apparatus of the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a Moriel diagram illustrating the state of the refrigerant in the heating operation when the injection circuit is in the first state. FIG. 3 is a Moriel diagram illustrating the state of the refrigerant in the heating operation when the injection circuit is in the second state. FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the compression ratio control. FIG. 5 is a graph for explaining the relationship between the compression ratio and the differential pressure. FIG. 6 is a graph for explaining switching of the state of the injection circuit in the first embodiment. FIG. 7 is a piping diagram illustrating the configuration of the refrigeration cycle apparatus of the second embodiment. FIG. 8 is a Moriel diagram illustrating the state of the refrigerant in the heating operation when the injection circuit is in the third state. FIG. 9 is a graph for explaining switching of the state of the injection circuit in the second embodiment.

Hereinafter, the embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The same or corresponding parts in the drawings are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will not be repeated.

(Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 illustrates the configuration of the refrigeration cycle apparatus (10) according to the first embodiment. In this example, the refrigeration cycle device (10) has a heating operation for heating the air-conditioned space by heating water (an example of a fluid on the user side) supplied to the air-conditioned space (not shown), and an air-conditioned space. It constitutes an air conditioner that performs a cooling operation that cools the air-conditioned space by cooling the water supplied to the air conditioner. The refrigeration cycle device (10) includes a refrigerant circuit (20), an injection circuit (30), an intermediate heat exchanger (40), and a control unit (100).

Note that the heating operation includes steady operation. Steady operation in heating operation (hereinafter referred to as "steady operation of heating") is operation in which the heating capacity is stable. For example, the steady operation of heating is an operation in which the fluctuation amount of the heating capacity per unit time is within a predetermined allowable amount, and does not include the operation in a transient state including the start-up time. In the following, the steady operation of heating is simply referred to as "heating operation".

In addition, the cooling operation includes a steady operation. Steady operation in cooling operation (hereinafter referred to as "steady operation of cooling") is an operation in which the cooling capacity is stable. For example, the steady operation of cooling is an operation in which the fluctuation amount of the cooling capacity per unit time is within a predetermined allowable amount, and does not include the operation in a transient state including the start-up. In the following, the steady operation of cooling is simply referred to as "cooling operation".

[Refrigerant circuit]
The refrigerant circuit (20) includes a first compressor (21), a second compressor (22), a four-way switching valve (23), a heat source side heat exchanger (24), and a check valve bridge (25). ), An expansion mechanism (26), a heat exchanger (27) on the user side, an accumulator (28), and a bypass check valve (29). The refrigerant circuit (20) is filled with a refrigerant, and the refrigeration cycle is performed by circulating the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit (20). The refrigerant is, for example, R410A, R32, R407C and the like.

<First compressor>
The first compressor (21) compresses the sucked refrigerant and discharges the compressed refrigerant. In this example, the first compressor (21) is a rotary compressor. The first compressor (21) may be a swing piston type compressor. The rotary type compressor is a compressor in which the piston and the blade (vane) are separate bodies. A swing piston type compressor is a compressor in which a piston and a blade are integrated.

Also, the rotation speed of the first compressor (21) is variable. For example, the first compressor (21) is inside the first compressor (21) by changing the output frequency of an inverter (not shown) electrically connected to the first compressor (21). The rotation speed of the provided motor changes, and as a result, the rotation speed (operating frequency) of the first compressor (21) changes.

<Second compressor>
The second compressor (22) compresses the sucked refrigerant and discharges the compressed refrigerant. In this example, the second compressor (22) has a compression chamber for compressing the refrigerant, and is configured to be able to supply the refrigerant to the compression chamber during compression. Specifically, the second compressor (22) is provided with a suction port, an intermediate port, and a discharge port. The suction port communicates with the compression chamber (low-pressure compression chamber) in the suction stroke of the second compressor (22). The intermediate port communicates with the compression chamber (intermediate pressure compression chamber) in the middle of the compression stroke of the second compressor (22). The discharge port communicates with the compression chamber (high-pressure compression chamber) in the discharge stroke of the second compressor (22). For example, the second compressor (22) may be a scroll type compressor, a rotary type compressor, a swing piston type compressor, or a turbo. It may be a type compressor, or it may be another compressor.

Also, like the first compressor (21), the rotation speed of the second compressor (22) is variable. For example, the second compressor (22) is inside the second compressor (22) by changing the output frequency of an inverter (not shown) electrically connected to the second compressor (22). The rotation speed of the provided motor changes, and as a result, the rotation speed (operating frequency) of the second compressor (22) changes.

In this example, the second compressor (22) is configured to compress the refrigerant discharged from the first compressor (21). Specifically, the suction side (suction port) of the second compressor (22) is connected to the discharge side of the first compressor (21) via the first refrigerant pipe (P1).

<Four-way switching valve>
The first port of the four-way switching valve (23) is connected to the discharge side of the second compressor (22) via the second refrigerant pipe (P2). The second port of the four-way switching valve (23) is connected to the suction side of the first compressor (21) via the third refrigerant pipe (P3). The third port of the four-way switching valve (23) is connected to the gas side of the heat source side heat exchanger (24) via the fourth refrigerant pipe (P4). The fourth port of the four-way switching valve (23) is connected to the gas side of the user side heat exchanger (27) via the fifth refrigerant pipe (P5).

The four-way switching valve (23) has a first flow path state (state shown by a solid line in FIG. 1) in which the first port and the fourth port communicate with each other and the second port and the third port communicate with each other, and a first. It is switched to the second flow path state (the state shown by the broken line in FIG. 1) in which the port and the third port communicate with each other and the second port and the fourth port communicate with each other.

<Heat source side heat exchanger>
The heat source side heat exchanger (24) exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the heat source side fluid. In this example, the heat source side heat exchanger (24) exchanges heat between the refrigerant and air (an example of a heat source side fluid).

<Check valve bridge>
The check valve bridge (25) expands the refrigerant flowing out of the heat exchanger (radiator) of the heat source side heat exchanger (24) and the user side heat exchanger (27) (26). And the refrigerant flowing out from the expansion mechanism (26) is supplied to the heat exchanger that becomes the evaporator among the heat source side heat exchanger (24) and the utilization side heat exchanger (27).

Specifically, the check valve bridge (25) includes a first check valve (C1), a second check valve (C2), a third check valve (C3), and a fourth check valve (C4). Has. Each of the first to fourth check valves (C1 to C4) allows the flow of the refrigerant in the direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. 1 and obstructs the flow of the refrigerant in the opposite direction. The first check valve (C1) and the second check valve (C2) are connected in series, and the third check valve (C3) and the fourth check valve (C4) are connected in series. Further, the first check valve (C1) and the third check valve (C3) are connected to each other, and the second check valve (C2) and the fourth check valve (C4) are connected to each other.

The first connection point (Q1), which is the connection point between the first check valve (C1) and the second check valve (C2), is the heat source side heat exchanger (24) via the sixth refrigerant pipe (P6). ) Is connected to the liquid side. The second connection point (Q2), which is the connection point between the third check valve (C3) and the fourth check valve (C4), is a heat exchanger on the user side (P7) via the seventh refrigerant pipe (P7). It is connected to the liquid side of 27). The third connection point (Q3), which is the connection point between the first check valve (C1) and the third check valve (C3), is connected to the expansion mechanism (26) via the eighth refrigerant pipe (P8). Be connected. The fourth connection point (Q4), which is the connection point between the second check valve (C2) and the fourth check valve (C4), is connected to the expansion mechanism (26) via the ninth refrigerant pipe (P9). Be connected.

<Expansion mechanism>
The expansion mechanism (26) expands the refrigerant to reduce the pressure of the refrigerant. In this example, the expansion mechanism (26) is composed of an expansion valve (for example, an electronic expansion valve) whose opening degree can be adjusted.

<Heat exchanger on the user side>
The user-side heat exchanger (27) exchanges heat between the refrigerant and the user-side fluid. In this example, the utilization side heat exchanger (27) exchanges heat between the refrigerant and water (an example of the utilization side fluid).

<accumulator>
The accumulator (28) is provided in the third refrigerant pipe (P3). Specifically, the third refrigerant pipe (P3) includes a first pipe portion (P31) that connects the second port of the four-way switching valve (23) and the inlet side of the accumulator (28), and the accumulator (28). It has a second piping section (P32) that connects the outlet side of the first compressor (21) and the suction side of the first compressor (21).

<Bypass check valve>
The bypass check valve (29) bypasses the first compressor (21) and supplies the refrigerant to the suction side of the second compressor (22) when the first compressor (21) is stopped. It is provided in. Specifically, the middle part of the second pipe portion (P32) of the third refrigerant pipe (P3) is connected to the middle part of the first refrigerant pipe (P1) via the bias pipe (PB). The bypass check valve (29) is provided in the bias piping (PB). The bypass check valve (29) allows the flow of the refrigerant in the direction from the third refrigerant pipe (P3) to the first refrigerant pipe (P1), and obstructs the flow of the refrigerant in the opposite direction.

[Injection circuit]
The injection circuit (30) uses a part of the refrigerant that goes from the heat exchanger, which is the condenser (radiator), to the expansion mechanism (26) of the heat source side heat exchanger (24) and the user side heat exchanger (27). It is supplied to the suction side of the second compressor (22). In this example, the injection circuit (30) can be switched between the first state and the second state.

In the first state, the injection circuit (30) goes from the heat exchanger, which is the condenser (radiator) of the heat source side heat exchanger (24) and the user side heat exchanger (27), to the expansion mechanism (26). A part of the refrigerant is supplied to the suction side of the second compressor (22).

In the second state, the injection circuit (30) goes from the heat exchanger, which is the condenser (radiator) of the heat source side heat exchanger (24) and the user side heat exchanger (27), to the expansion mechanism (26). A part of the refrigerant is supplied to the compression chamber in the middle of compression of the second compressor (22).

Specifically, the injection circuit (30) has an injection expansion valve (31), an on-off valve (32), and an injection check valve (33). Further, the injection circuit (30) is provided with a first injection pipe (PJ1), a second injection pipe (PJ2), and a third injection pipe (PJ3). One end of the first injection pipe (PJ1) is connected to the middle part of the eighth refrigerant pipe (P8). The second injection pipe (PJ2) connects the other end of the first injection pipe (PJ1) to the middle part of the first refrigerant pipe (P1). The third injection pipe (PJ3) connects the other end of the first injection pipe (PJ1) to the intermediate port of the second compressor (22). An injection expansion valve (31) is provided in the first injection pipe (PJ1). An on-off valve (32) is provided in the second injection pipe (PJ2). An injection check valve (33) is provided in the third injection pipe (PJ3).

The injection expansion valve (31) depressurizes the refrigerant flowing through the injection circuit (30) (in this example, the refrigerant flowing through the first injection pipe (PJ1)). The on-off valve (32) can be switched between an open state and a closed state. The injection check valve (33) allows the flow of refrigerant from the first injection pipe (PJ1) to the intermediate port of the second compressor (22) and obstructs the flow of refrigerant in the opposite direction. The injection check valve (33) may be provided in the second compressor (22).

In this example, by opening the on-off valve (32), the injection circuit (30) is in the first state (a state in which a part of the refrigerant is supplied to the suction side of the second compressor (22)). become. By closing the on-off valve (32), the injection circuit (30) is in the second state (a state in which a part of the refrigerant is supplied to the compression chamber during compression of the second compressor (22)).

[Intermediate heat exchanger]
The intermediate heat exchanger (40) includes the refrigerant flowing out from the heat exchanger that is the condenser (radiator) of the heat source side heat exchanger (24) and the user side heat exchanger (27), and the injection expansion valve (31). ) Exchanges heat with the decompressed refrigerant. In this example, the intermediate heat exchanger (40) is one end (third connection point Q3) of the eighth refrigerant pipe (P8) of the eighth refrigerant pipe (P8), the eighth refrigerant pipe (P8), and the first injection. It is connected to the piping section between the connection point with the piping (PJ1). Further, the intermediate heat exchanger (40) includes the injection expansion valve (31) of the first injection pipe (PJ1) and the other ends of the first injection pipe (PJ1) (first injection pipe (PJ1) and second and second injection pipes (PJ1). 3 It is connected to the piping section between the injection piping (connection point with PJ2, PJ3)). Then, the intermediate heat exchanger (40) exchanges heat with the refrigerant flowing through these piping portions.

[Various sensors]
The refrigeration cycle device (10) is provided with various sensors (not shown) such as a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature of the refrigerant and the like and a pressure sensor for detecting the pressure of the refrigerant and the like. The detection results (signals) of these various sensors are transmitted to the control unit (100).

[Control unit]
The control unit (100) controls each part of the refrigeration cycle device (10) based on the signals of various sensors provided in the refrigeration cycle device (10) and the control signal from the outside to control the refrigeration cycle device (10). Control the operation. Specifically, the control unit (100) includes a first compressor (21), a second compressor (22), a four-way switching valve (23), an expansion mechanism (26), and an injection expansion valve ( 31) and the on-off valve (32) are controlled. For example, the control unit (100) is composed of a processor and a memory that is electrically connected to the processor and stores programs and information for operating the processor.

[Operating operation of refrigeration cycle equipment]
In the refrigeration cycle apparatus (10) of the first embodiment, a single-stage compression operation and a two-stage compression operation are performed. In the single-stage compression operation, one of the first compressor (21) and the second compressor (22) is stopped, and the other of the first compressor (21) and the second compressor (22) is driven. In this example, the first compressor (21) is stopped and the second compressor (22) is driven. In the two-stage compression operation, both the first compressor (21) and the second compressor (22) are driven. In this example, as the single-stage compression operation, a single-stage compression / heating operation and a single-stage compression / cooling operation are performed, and as a two-stage compression operation, a two-stage compression / heating operation and a two-stage compression / cooling operation are performed.

<Single-stage compression heating operation>
In the single-stage compression heating operation, a refrigeration cycle is performed in which the heat exchanger (27) on the user side serves as a condenser (radiator) and the heat exchanger (24) on the heat source side serves as an evaporator. Specifically, the four-way switching valve (23) is set to the first flow path state (the state shown by the solid line in FIG. 1). The amount of decompression in the expansion mechanism (26) (specifically, the opening degree of the expansion valve constituting the expansion mechanism (26)) is appropriately adjusted. The injection expansion valve (31) is set to the fully closed state. Then, the first compressor (21) is stopped and the second compressor (22) is driven.

The refrigerant discharged from the second compressor (22) passes through the four-way switching valve (23), dissipates heat to the user-side fluid in the user-side heat exchanger (27), and condenses. The refrigerant flowing out of the user-side heat exchanger (27) passes through the check valve bridge (25) and is depressurized in the expansion mechanism (26). The refrigerant decompressed in the expansion mechanism (26) passes through the check valve bridge (25), absorbs heat from the heat source side fluid in the heat source side heat exchanger (24), and evaporates. The refrigerant flowing out from the heat source side heat exchanger (24) passes through the four-way switching valve (23), the accumulator (28), and the bypass check valve (29) in order, and is sucked into the second compressor (22). Is compressed.

<Single-stage compression cooling operation>
In the single-stage compression cooling operation, a refrigeration cycle is performed in which the heat source side heat exchanger (24) serves as a condenser (radiator) and the user side heat exchanger (27) serves as an evaporator. Specifically, the four-way switching valve (23) is set to the second flow path state (the state shown by the broken line in FIG. 1). The amount of decompression in the expansion mechanism (26) (specifically, the opening degree of the expansion valve constituting the expansion mechanism (26)) is appropriately adjusted. The injection expansion valve (31) is set to the fully closed state. Then, the first compressor (21) is stopped and the second compressor (22) is driven.

The refrigerant discharged from the second compressor (22) passes through the four-way switching valve (23), dissipates heat to the heat source side fluid in the heat source side heat exchanger (24), and condenses. The refrigerant flowing out of the heat source side heat exchanger (24) passes through the check valve bridge (25) and is depressurized in the expansion mechanism (26). The refrigerant decompressed in the expansion mechanism (26) passes through the check valve bridge (25), absorbs heat from the user-side fluid in the user-side heat exchanger (27), and evaporates. The refrigerant flowing out from the heat exchanger (27) on the user side passes through the four-way switching valve (23), the accumulator (28), and the bypass check valve (29) in order, and is sucked into the second compressor (22). Is compressed.

In addition, in order to achieve the purpose such as COP improvement, in the single-stage compression operation (specifically, the single-stage compression heating operation and the single-stage compression cooling operation), the heat source side heat exchanger (24) and the user side heat exchanger Of (27), a part of the refrigerant heading from the heat exchanger serving as the condenser (radiator) to the expansion mechanism (26) may be supplied to the compression chamber in the middle of compression of the second compressor (22).

<Two-stage compression heating operation>
In the two-stage compression heating operation, a refrigeration cycle is performed in which the heat exchanger (27) on the user side serves as a condenser (radiator) and the heat exchanger (24) on the heat source side serves as an evaporator. Specifically, the four-way switching valve (23) is set to the first flow path state (the state shown by the solid line in FIG. 1). The amount of decompression in the expansion mechanism (26) (specifically, the opening degree of the expansion valve constituting the expansion mechanism (26)) and the opening degree of the injection expansion valve (31) are appropriately adjusted. Then, both the first compressor (21) and the second compressor (22) are driven.

The refrigerant discharged from the second compressor (22) passes through the four-way switching valve (23), dissipates heat to the user-side fluid in the user-side heat exchanger (27), and condenses. The refrigerant flowing out from the user side heat exchanger (27) passes through the check valve bridge (25) and flows through the eighth refrigerant pipe (P8), and in the intermediate heat exchanger (40), the first of the injection circuit (30). 1 Heat is radiated to the refrigerant flowing through the injection pipe (PJ1) and overcooled. A part of the refrigerant flowing out of the intermediate heat exchanger (40) and flowing through the eighth refrigerant pipe (P8) is supplied to the injection circuit (30), and the rest is supplied to the expansion mechanism (26).

The refrigerant supplied to the expansion mechanism (26) is decompressed by the expansion mechanism (26), passes through the check valve bridge (25), and is endothermic from the heat source side fluid in the heat source side heat exchanger (24) and evaporates. .. The refrigerant flowing out of the heat source side heat exchanger (24) passes through the four-way switching valve (23) and the accumulator (28) in order, is sucked into the first compressor (21), and is compressed. The refrigerant discharged from the first compressor (21) is sucked into the second compressor (22) and compressed.

On the other hand, the refrigerant supplied to the injection circuit (30) flows through the first injection pipe (PJ1), is depressurized at the injection expansion valve (31), and goes through the eighth refrigerant pipe (P8) at the intermediate heat exchanger (40). It absorbs heat from the flowing refrigerant. The refrigerant that flows out of the intermediate heat exchanger (40) and flows through the first injection pipe (PJ1) depends on the state of the injection circuit (30) (specifically, the open / closed state of the on-off valve (32)). It is supplied to one of the suction side of the compressor (22) and the compression chamber during compression of the second compressor (22).

When the injection circuit (30) is in the first state (specifically, when the on-off valve (32) is in the open state), the refrigerant flowing through the first injection pipe (PJ1) is the on-off valve (32) in the open state. It is supplied to the middle part of the first refrigerant pipe (P1) through the above. The refrigerant supplied to the first refrigerant pipe (P1) merges with the refrigerant discharged from the first compressor (21), is sucked into the second compressor (22), and is compressed. As a result, the refrigerant sucked into the second compressor (22) is cooled. When the injection circuit (30) is in the first state, the state of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle is as shown by the solid line in FIG.

When the injection circuit (30) is in the second state (specifically, when the on-off valve (32) is in the closed state), the refrigerant flowing through the first injection pipe (PJ1) uses the injection check valve (33). It passes through and is supplied to the intermediate port of the second compressor (22). The refrigerant supplied to the intermediate port of the second compressor (22) is supplied to the compression chamber during compression of the second compressor (22) and mixed with the refrigerant in the compression chamber. As a result, the refrigerant in the compression chamber of the second compressor (22) is cooled. When the injection circuit (30) is in the second state, the state of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle is as shown by the solid line in FIG.

<Two-stage compression cooling operation>
In the two-stage compression cooling operation, a refrigeration cycle is performed in which the heat source side heat exchanger (24) serves as a condenser (radiator) and the user side heat exchanger (27) serves as an evaporator. Specifically, the four-way switching valve (23) is set to the second flow path state (the state shown by the broken line in FIG. 1). The amount of decompression in the expansion mechanism (26) (specifically, the opening degree of the expansion valve constituting the expansion mechanism (26)) and the opening degree of the injection expansion valve (31) are appropriately adjusted. Then, both the first compressor (21) and the second compressor (22) are driven.

The refrigerant discharged from the second compressor (22) passes through the four-way switching valve (23), dissipates heat to the heat source side fluid in the heat source side heat exchanger (24), and condenses. The refrigerant flowing out from the heat source side heat exchanger (24) passes through the check valve bridge (25) and flows through the eighth refrigerant pipe (P8), and in the intermediate heat exchanger (40), the first of the injection circuit (30). 1 Heat is radiated to the refrigerant flowing through the injection pipe (PJ1) and overcooled. A part of the refrigerant flowing out of the intermediate heat exchanger (40) and flowing through the eighth refrigerant pipe (P8) is supplied to the injection circuit (30), and the rest is supplied to the expansion mechanism (26).

The refrigerant supplied to the expansion mechanism (26) is decompressed by the expansion mechanism (26), passes through the check valve bridge (25), and is endothermic from the utilization side fluid in the utilization side heat exchanger (27) and evaporates. .. The refrigerant flowing out from the user-side heat exchanger (27) passes through the four-way switching valve (23) and the accumulator (28) in order, is sucked into the first compressor (21), and is compressed. The refrigerant discharged from the first compressor (21) is sucked into the second compressor (22) and compressed.

[Comparison between the first state and the second state of the injection circuit]
Next, with reference to FIG. 3, the first state and the second state of the injection circuit (30) are compared. The dashed line in FIG. 3 shows the state of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle when the injection circuit (30) is in the first state, and the solid line in FIG. 3 shows the state of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle when the injection circuit (30) is in the second state. It shows the state of the refrigerant.

As shown in FIG. 3, the second state of the injection circuit (30) is the temperature of the refrigerant discharged from the second compressor (22) rather than the first state of the injection circuit (30) (hereinafter, “discharge temperature”. It can be said that it is in a state where the increase of) can be suppressed. Further, it can be said that the first state of the injection circuit (30) is a state in which an increase in the discharge temperature of the first compressor (21) can be suppressed as compared with the second state of the injection circuit (30).

[Compression ratio control in two-stage compression operation]
In the two-stage compression heating operation, the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) is smaller than the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22). Further, in this example, even in the two-stage compression cooling operation, the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) is smaller than the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22). Specifically, in the steady operation of heating in which the two-stage compression operation is performed, the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) is always smaller than the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22). ing. Even in the steady operation of cooling in which the two-stage compression operation is performed, the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) is always smaller than the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22). ..

Next, the compression ratio control in the two-stage compression operation will be described with reference to FIG. The control unit (100) performs the following processing (steps (S11 to S14)) at the start of the two-stage compression operation. In the following description, the compression ratio (Pr) in the refrigeration cycle apparatus (10) is described as "overall compression ratio (Pr)", and the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) is referred to as "first compression". The ratio (Pr1) is described, and the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22) is described as the “second compression ratio (Pr2)”.

<Step (S11)>
First, the control unit (100) calculates the target high pressure, which is the target value of the high pressure (Pc) of the refrigerant circuit (20), and the target low pressure, which is the target value of the low pressure (Pe) of the refrigerant circuit (20). Specifically, the control unit (100) calculates the target high voltage and the target low voltage from the heat load. The heat load is derived, for example, based on the difference between the temperature of the air in the air-conditioned space and the target temperature determined in the air-conditioned space.

<Step (S12)>
Next, the control unit (100) calculates the overall compression ratio (Pr) based on the target high pressure and the target low pressure calculated in step (S11). For example, the control unit (100) calculates the value obtained by dividing the target high voltage by the target low voltage as the total compression ratio (Pr).

<Step (S13)>
Next, the control unit (100) uses the total compression ratio (Pr) calculated in step (S12), the predetermined total compression ratio (Pr), the first compression ratio (Pr1), and the second compression ratio (Pr1). Based on the relationship with Pr2), the target value of the first compression ratio (Pr1) and the target value of the second compression ratio (Pr2) are calculated. For example, the control unit (100) stores a relational expression showing the relationship between the total compression ratio (Pr), the first compression ratio (Pr1), and the second compression ratio (Pr2), and steps (steps) (Pr2) in the relational expression. By substituting the overall compression ratio (Pr) calculated in S12), the target value of the first compression ratio (Pr1) and the target value of the second compression ratio (Pr2) are calculated. Specifically, the target value of the first compression ratio (Pr1) and the target value of the second compression ratio (Pr2) are derived based on the following equations (1) and (2).

Pr1 = A × In (Pr2) + B ... (1)
Pr = Pr1 × Pr2 ... (2)
In the above equation, "In" is a natural logarithm, and "A" and "B" are predetermined coefficients.

Further, the relationship between the overall compression ratio (Pr), the first compression ratio (Pr1), and the second compression ratio (Pr2) is shown in a graph as shown in FIG. The vertical axis of FIG. 5 indicates the compression ratio, and the horizontal axis of FIG. 5 indicates the difference (differential pressure) between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20).

<Step (S14)>
Next, in the control unit (100), the first compression ratio (Pr1) in the refrigeration cycle apparatus (10) becomes the target value of the first compression ratio (Pr1) calculated in the step (S14), and the refrigeration cycle apparatus The number of revolutions of the first compressor (21) in the two-stage compression operation so that the second compression ratio (Pr2) in (10) becomes the target value of the second compression ratio (Pr2) calculated in step (S14). And control the rotation speed of the second compressor (22).

[Switching the state of the injection circuit]
In the two-stage compression operation of the first embodiment, the state of the injection circuit (30) is switched according to the physical quantity (X) that correlates with the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20). .. In this example, the state of the injection circuit (30) is the ratio of the physical quantity (X) to the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22) to the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) (Prr1). ) (Hereinafter referred to as "compression ratio ratio (Prr)"). Specifically, the control unit (100) switches the state of the injection circuit (30) according to the physical quantity (X) and the ratio of the compression ratio (Prr). The physical quantity (X) will be described in detail later.

Next, with reference to FIG. 6, the switching of the state of the injection circuit (30) in the two-stage compression operation of the first embodiment will be specifically described. In FIG. 6, the region with the hatching downward to the left indicates the region where the injection circuit (30) is switched to the first state, and the region with the hatching downward to the right indicates the region where the injection circuit (30) is switched. The area that can be switched to the second state is shown.

As shown in FIG. 6, when the physical quantity (X) is less than the predetermined physical quantity threshold value (Xth), the injection circuit (30) is in the first state. When the physical quantity (X) is equal to or greater than the physical quantity threshold value (Xth) and the compression ratio ratio (Prr) is equal to or greater than a predetermined ratio threshold value (Pth1), the injection circuit (30) is in the first state. It becomes.

Further, when the physical quantity (X) is equal to or higher than the physical quantity threshold value (Xth) and the compression ratio ratio (Prr) is less than the ratio threshold value (Pth1), the injection circuit (30) is in the second state.

In the example of FIG. 6, as the physical quantity (X) increases, the ratio threshold value (Pth1) gradually increases. Specifically, as the physical quantity (X) increases, the ratio threshold value (Pth1) gradually increases from the first ratio (Prr1). Further, as the physical quantity (X) increases, the compression ratio ratio (Prr) gradually decreases. Specifically, when the physical quantity (X) becomes equal to or higher than the physical quantity threshold value (Xth), the compression ratio ratio (Prr) gradually decreases from 1 as the physical quantity (X) increases.

[Specific examples of physical quantities]
Next, the physical quantity (X) will be described. As described above, the physical quantity (X) is an amount that correlates with the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20).

As the amount correlated with the high pressure (Pc) in the refrigerant circuit (20), for example, the following nine parameters can be listed.

(1) Discharge pressure: Pressure of the refrigerant discharged from the compression mechanism composed of the first compressor (21) and the second compressor (22) (2) Discharge temperature: Temperature of the refrigerant discharged from the compression mechanism ( 3) Condensation pressure: Condensing pressure of the refrigerant in the heat exchanger that becomes the compressor among the heat source side heat exchanger (24) and the utilization side heat exchanger (27) (4) Condensation temperature: In the heat exchanger that becomes the condenser Refrigerant condensation temperature (5) High pressure: High pressure (Pc) detected by the refrigerant pressure sensor (not shown)
(6) Hot water temperature: Temperature of water flowing out from the user side heat exchanger (27) in heating operation when the user side heat exchanger (27) exchanges heat between the refrigerant and water (7) Heating outlet temperature: Utilization When the side heat exchanger (27) exchanges heat between the refrigerant and air (an example of the utilization side fluid), the temperature of the air flowing out from the utilization side heat exchanger (27) in the heating operation (8) Heating suction temperature: utilization When the side heat exchanger (27) exchanges heat between the refrigerant and air (an example of the utilization side fluid), the temperature of the air flowing into the utilization side heat exchanger (27) in the heating operation (9) Cooling outside air temperature: heat source When the side heat exchanger (24) exchanges heat between the refrigerant and air, it correlates with the high pressure (Pc) in the refrigerant circuit (20) above the temperature of the air flowing into the heat source side heat exchanger (24) in the cooling operation. Certain parameters can be obtained by various sensors provided in the refrigeration cycle apparatus (10).

Further, as the amount correlated with the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20), for example, the following nine parameters can be listed.

(1) Suction pressure: Pressure of the refrigerant sucked into the compression mechanism composed of the first compressor (21) and the second compressor (22) (2) Suction temperature: Temperature of the refrigerant sucked into the compression mechanism ( 3) Evaporation pressure: Evaporation pressure of the refrigerant in the heat exchanger that is the evaporator of the heat source side heat exchanger (24) and the utilization side heat exchanger (27) (4) Evaporation temperature: In the heat exchanger that is the evaporator Refrigerant evaporation temperature (5) Low pressure: Low pressure (Pe) detected by the refrigerant pressure sensor (not shown)
(6) Cooling water temperature: The temperature of the water flowing out from the user side heat exchanger (27) in the cooling operation when the user side heat exchanger (27) exchanges heat between the refrigerant and water. (7) Cooling outlet temperature: The temperature of the air flowing out from the user side heat exchanger (27) in the cooling operation when the user side heat exchanger (27) exchanges heat between the refrigerant and air (8) Cooling suction temperature: The user side heat exchanger (27) ) Is the temperature of the air flowing into the utilization side heat exchanger (27) in the cooling operation when heat is exchanged between the refrigerant and air. (9) Heating outside air temperature: The heat source side heat exchanger (24) exchanges the refrigerant and air. Parameters that correlate with the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20) above the temperature of the air flowing into the heat source side heat exchanger (24) in the heating operation when heat is exchanged are provided in the refrigeration cycle device (10). It can be obtained by various sensors.

From the above, as the physical quantity (X), for example, (1) the difference between the discharge pressure and the suction pressure, (2) the difference between the discharge temperature and the suction temperature, (3) the difference between the condensation pressure and the evaporation pressure, (4). Difference between condensation temperature and evaporation temperature, (5) Difference between high pressure (Pc) and low pressure (Pe), (6) Difference between hot water temperature and heating outside air temperature, (7) Cooling outside air temperature and cooling water temperature Difference, (8) Difference between heating outlet temperature and heating outside air temperature, (9) Difference between heating suction temperature and heating outside air temperature, (10) Difference between cooling outside air temperature and cooling outlet temperature, (11) Cooling outside air temperature It is possible to utilize the difference between the temperature and the cooling suction temperature.

[Comparison between the present embodiment and the comparative example]
Next, with reference to FIG. 2, the present embodiment and the comparative example are compared. Here, a case where the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) is larger than the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22) is taken as a comparative example. The broken line in FIG. 2 shows the state of the refrigerant in this comparative example. Hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, comparative examples will be described with reference numerals similar to those of the present embodiment.

As shown by the broken line in FIG. 2, when the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) is larger than the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22) (comparative example), the first The discharge temperature of the compressor (21) tends to be high. This tendency becomes more remarkable as the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20) increases. The reason is that the lower the pressure at the start of compression, the gentler the slope of the isentropic line. As described above, in the case of the comparative example, the discharge temperature of the first compressor (21) may become too high. For example, by supplying a part of the refrigerant flowing out from the condenser (radiator) by the injection circuit (30) to the suction side of the second compressor (22), the discharge temperature of the second compressor (22) is set to a specified value. Even if it can be suppressed to the following, the discharge temperature of the first compressor (21) may not be suppressed to the specified value or less. Therefore, it is difficult to protect the low-stage compressor from destruction due to high temperature.

On the other hand, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 2, in the refrigeration cycle apparatus (10) of the present embodiment, the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) is the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22). Therefore, it is possible to suppress an increase in the discharge temperature of the first compressor (21).

[Characteristics of Embodiment 1 (1)]
As described above, the refrigerating cycle apparatus (10) of the present embodiment compresses and discharges the first compressor (21) that compresses and discharges the refrigerant, and compresses and discharges the refrigerant discharged from the first compressor (21). A refrigerant circuit (20) having a second compressor (22), a heat source side heat exchanger (24), an expansion mechanism (26), and a user side heat exchanger (27), and a heat source side heat exchanger. An injection circuit (24) and a heat exchanger (27) on the user side that supplies a part of the refrigerant from the heat exchanger, which is a radiator, to the expansion mechanism (26) to the suction side of the second compressor (22). 30) and. In the steady operation of heating in which the heat exchanger (27) on the user side serves as a radiator and the heat exchanger (24) on the heat source side serves as an evaporator, the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) is always the same. 2 It is smaller than the compression ratio (Pr2) in the compressor (22).

In the present embodiment, in the steady operation of heating, the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) is made smaller than the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22), so that the first compressor (Pr2) It is possible to suppress an increase in the temperature of the compressor discharged from 21) (hereinafter referred to as "discharge temperature"). As a result, the first compressor (21) can be protected from destruction due to high temperature.

[Characteristics of Embodiment 1 (2)]
Further, the refrigeration cycle apparatus (10) of the present embodiment further includes an intermediate heat exchanger (40), and the injection circuit (30) includes an injection expansion valve (31) for reducing the pressure of the refrigerant flowing through the injection circuit (30). The intermediate heat exchanger (40) includes the refrigerant flowing out from the heat exchanger that serves as the radiator among the heat source side heat exchanger (24) and the user side heat exchanger (27), and the injection expansion valve (31). Heat exchanges with the refrigerant decompressed by.

In the present embodiment, the refrigerant flowing out from the heat exchanger (heat source side heat exchanger (24) or user side heat exchanger (27)) serving as a radiator in the intermediate heat exchanger (40) and the injection expansion valve (31). By exchanging heat with the refrigerant decompressed by the above, the refrigerant flowing out from the heat exchanger serving as the radiator can be overcooled. Thereby, the operating efficiency (for example, COP) of the refrigerating cycle apparatus (10) can be improved.

[Characteristics of Embodiment 1 (3)]
In the refrigeration cycle apparatus (10) of the present embodiment, the second compressor (22) has a compression chamber for compressing the refrigerant, and is configured to be able to supply the refrigerant to the compression chamber during compression. The injection circuit (30) is a second compressor that uses a part of the refrigerant that goes from the heat exchanger, which is the radiator, to the expansion mechanism (26) of the heat source side heat exchanger (24) and the user side heat exchanger (27). It is possible to switch between the first state of supplying the refrigerant to the suction side of (22) and the second state of supplying a part of the refrigerant to the compression chamber during compression of the second compressor (22).

In the present embodiment, the state of the injection circuit (30) can be switched between the first state and the second state, so that the injection is used to appropriately suppress the rise in the discharge temperature of the second compressor (22). be able to. As a result, the operable range of the refrigerating cycle apparatus (10) (the range of the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20)) can be widened.

[Characteristics of Embodiment 1 (4)]
In the refrigeration cycle apparatus (10) of the present embodiment, the state of the injection circuit (30) is switched according to the physical quantity (X) that correlates with the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20). Be done.

In the present embodiment, the injection circuit (30) can be appropriately switched by switching the state of the injection circuit (30) according to the physical quantity (X).

[Characteristics of Embodiment 1 (5)]
In the refrigeration cycle apparatus (10) of the present embodiment, the physical quantity (X) correlating with the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20) and the compression ratio in the second compressor (22) ( The state of the injection circuit (30) is switched according to the ratio (Prr) of the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) to Pr2).

In the present embodiment, the ratio of the physical quantity (X) and the compression ratio (Prr) (the ratio of the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) to the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22) (Prr) By switching the state of the injection circuit (30) according to ()), the injection circuit (30) is switched more appropriately than when the state of the injection circuit (30) is switched based only on the physical quantity (X). be able to.

[Characteristics of Embodiment 1 (6)]
In the refrigeration cycle apparatus (10) of the present embodiment, the injection circuit (30) has a case where the physical quantity (X) is less than a predetermined physical quantity threshold value (Xth) and a case where the physical quantity (X) is equal to or larger than the physical quantity threshold value (Xth). When the ratio (Prr) of the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) to the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22) is equal to or more than a predetermined ratio threshold value (Pth1). , The ratio of the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) to the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22) when the physical quantity (X) is equal to or higher than the physical quantity threshold (Xth) in the first state ( When Prr) is less than the ratio threshold (Pth1), the second state is reached.

In the present embodiment, when the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20) is relatively small (when the discharge temperature of the second compressor (22) is relatively difficult to rise). , The injection circuit (30) can be put into the first state. The first state of the injection circuit (30) can suppress an increase in the discharge temperature of the first compressor (21) as compared with the second state of the injection circuit (30). Therefore, when the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20) is relatively low, the injection circuit (30) is set to the first state to obtain the first compressor (21). The effect of suppressing an increase in the discharge temperature can be improved.

Further, in the present embodiment, when the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20) is relatively high (when the discharge temperature of the second compressor (22) is relatively likely to rise). ), The injection circuit (30) can be put into the second state according to the ratio of the compression ratio (Prr). The second state of the injection circuit (30) can suppress an increase in the discharge temperature of the second compressor (22) as compared with the first state of the injection circuit (30). Therefore, when the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20) is relatively high, the injection circuit (30) is put into the second state according to the ratio of the compression ratio (Prr). Therefore, the rise in the discharge temperature of the second compressor (22) can be appropriately suppressed.

[Characteristics of Embodiment 1 (7)]
In the refrigeration cycle apparatus (10) of the present embodiment, the ratio threshold value (Pth1) gradually increases as the physical quantity (X) increases.

In the present embodiment, as the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20) increases, the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22) increases, and the second compression The discharge temperature of the machine (22) tends to rise. Therefore, by gradually increasing the ratio threshold value (Pth1) as the physical quantity (X) increases, the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20) increases, resulting in the second compressor (Pe). When the discharge temperature of 22) tends to rise, the injection circuit (30) can be put into the second state at a stage where the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22) is relatively low. As a result, an increase in the discharge temperature of the second compressor (22) can be appropriately suppressed.

[Characteristics of Embodiment 1 (8)]
In the refrigeration cycle apparatus (10) of the present embodiment, as the physical quantity (X) correlating with the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20) increases, the second compressor ( The ratio (Prr) of the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) to the compression ratio (Pr2) in 22) gradually decreases.

In the present embodiment, the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20) is increased by gradually lowering the compression ratio ratio (Prr) as the physical quantity (X) increases. (Compression ratio corresponding to the product of the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) and the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22)) required for the refrigeration cycle apparatus (10). However, the increase in the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) can be suppressed. As a result, it is possible to suppress an increase in the load on the first compressor (21).

[Characteristics of Embodiment 1 (9)]
In the refrigeration cycle apparatus (10) of the present embodiment, the first compression is always performed even in the steady operation of cooling in which the heat source side heat exchanger (24) serves as a radiator and the user side heat exchanger (27) serves as an evaporator. The compression ratio (Pr1) in the machine (21) is smaller than the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22).

In the present embodiment, in the steady operation of cooling, the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) is made smaller than the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22), so that during the steady operation of heating. Similarly, the rise in the discharge temperature of the first compressor (21) can be suppressed, and the first compressor (21) can be protected from destruction due to high temperature.

Further, since the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22) can be made relatively large, the degree of supercooling in the refrigeration cycle of the refrigerant circuit (20) can be increased. As a result, the enthalpy difference in the heat exchanger (27) on the utilization side, which serves as an evaporator, can be increased, so that the operating efficiency of the refrigeration cycle apparatus (10) can be improved.

Further, by making the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) smaller than the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22) in both the heating operation and the cooling operation, the first compressor (21) ) Can always be smaller than the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22). As a result, the size and cost of the first compressor (21) can be reduced, and the size and cost of the refrigeration cycle device (10) can be reduced.

[Characteristics of Embodiment 1 (10)]
In the refrigeration cycle apparatus (10) of the present embodiment, the first compressor (21) is a rotary type or a swing piston type compressor.

In the present embodiment, the first compressor (21) is composed of a rotary type or a swing piston type compressor, so that the first compressor (21) is composed of a scroll type compressor. 1 It is possible to reduce the size and speed of the compressor (21). As a result, it is possible to easily secure the refrigerant flow rate even under an operating condition where the refrigerant density is low. In addition, the refrigeration cycle apparatus (10) can be downsized and reduced in cost.

(Embodiment 2)
FIG. 7 illustrates the configuration of the refrigeration cycle apparatus (10) of the second embodiment. The refrigerating cycle apparatus (10) of the second embodiment has a different injection circuit (30) configuration from the refrigerating cycle apparatus (10) of the first embodiment. Other configurations of the refrigeration cycle apparatus (10) of the second embodiment are the same as the configurations of the refrigeration cycle apparatus (10) of the first embodiment.

The injection circuit (30) can be switched between the first state, the second state, and the third state. In the first state, the injection circuit (30) goes from the heat exchanger, which is the condenser (radiator) of the heat source side heat exchanger (24) and the user side heat exchanger (27), to the expansion mechanism (26). A part of the refrigerant is supplied to the suction side of the second compressor (22). In the second state, the injection circuit (30) goes from the heat exchanger, which is the condenser (radiator) of the heat source side heat exchanger (24) and the user side heat exchanger (27), to the expansion mechanism (26). A part of the refrigerant is supplied to the compression chamber in the middle of compression of the second compressor (22). In the third state, the injection circuit (30) goes from the heat exchanger, which is the condenser (radiator) of the heat source side heat exchanger (24) and the user side heat exchanger (27), to the expansion mechanism (26). A part of the refrigerant is supplied to both the suction side of the second compressor (22) and the compression chamber during compression.

Specifically, the injection circuit (30) has a pressure reducing valve (34) instead of the on-off valve (32) shown in FIG. Other configurations of the injection circuit (30) of the second embodiment are the same as those of the injection circuit (30) of the first embodiment.

The pressure reducing valve (34) is provided in the second injection pipe (PJ2). The opening degree of the pressure reducing valve (34) can be adjusted. For example, the pressure reducing valve (34) is composed of an electric valve. In this example, the pressure reducing valve (34) is fully opened so that the injection circuit (30) is in the first state (a state in which a part of the refrigerant is supplied to the suction side of the second compressor (22)). become. By fully closing the pressure reducing valve (34), the injection circuit (30) is in the second state (a state in which a part of the refrigerant is supplied to the compression chamber in the middle of compression of the second compressor (22)). .. By setting the pressure reducing valve (34) between the fully closed state and the fully open state, the injection circuit (30) is in the third state (a part of the refrigerant is compressed on the suction side and the second compressor (22)). It will be in a state of supplying to both compression chambers on the way).

[Operating operation of refrigeration cycle equipment]
Similar to the refrigeration cycle device (10) of the first embodiment, the refrigeration cycle device (10) of the second embodiment also has a single-stage compression operation (specifically, a single-stage compression heating operation and a single-stage compression cooling operation) and a two-stage compression operation. Compression operation (specifically, two-stage compression heating operation and two-stage compression cooling operation) is performed.

In the two-stage compression heating operation (or two-stage compression cooling operation), when the injection circuit (30) is in the third state, a part of the refrigerant flowing through the first injection pipe (PJ1) uses the pressure reducing valve (34). It passes through and is supplied to the middle part of the first refrigerant pipe (P1), and the rest thereof passes through the injection check valve (33) and is supplied to the intermediate port of the second compressor (22). The refrigerant supplied to the first refrigerant pipe (P1) merges with the refrigerant discharged from the first compressor (21), is sucked into the second compressor (22), and is compressed. As a result, the refrigerant sucked into the second compressor (22) is cooled. Further, the refrigerant that has passed through the injection check valve (33) is supplied to the compression chamber during compression of the second compressor (22) and mixed with the refrigerant in the compression chamber. As a result, the refrigerant in the compression chamber of the second compressor (22) is cooled. When the injection circuit (30) is in the third state, the state of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle is as shown by the solid line in FIG.

[Comparison between the second state and the third state of the injection circuit]
Next, with reference to FIG. 8, the second state and the third state of the injection circuit (30) are compared. The dashed line in FIG. 8 shows the state of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle when the injection circuit (30) is in the second state, and the solid line in FIG. 8 shows the state of the refrigerant in the refrigeration cycle when the injection circuit (30) is in the third state. It shows the state of the refrigerant.

As shown in FIG. 8, the third state of the injection circuit (30) improves the efficiency of the second state of the injection circuit (30) while suppressing an increase in the discharge temperature of the second compressor (22). It can be said that it is in a state where it can be done.

[Switching the state of the injection circuit]
In the two-stage compression operation of the second embodiment, the state of the injection circuit (30) depends on the physical quantity (X) (the amount correlating with the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20)). Can be switched. In this example, the state of the injection circuit (30) is the ratio (Prr) of the physical quantity (X) and the compression ratio (Pr1, Pr2) (the first compressor to the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22)). It is switched according to the ratio (Prr) of the compression ratio (Pr1) in (21). Specifically, the control unit (100) switches the state of the injection circuit (30) according to the physical quantity (X) and the ratio of the compression ratio (Prr).

Next, with reference to FIG. 9, the switching of the state of the injection circuit (30) in the two-stage compression operation of the second embodiment will be specifically described. In FIG. 9, the region with the downward-sloping hatching indicates the region in which the injection circuit (30) is switched to the first state, and the region with the downward-sloping coarse hatching is the injection circuit (30). Indicates a region in which the injection circuit (30) is switched to the third state, and a region with fine hatching that descends to the right indicates a region in which the injection circuit (30) is switched to the third state.

As shown in FIG. 9, when the physical quantity (X) is less than the physical quantity threshold value (Xth), the injection circuit (30) is in the first state. When the physical quantity (X) is equal to or greater than the physical quantity threshold value (Xth) and the compression ratio ratio (Prr) is equal to or greater than the ratio threshold value (Pth1), the injection circuit (30) is in the first state.

Further, the physical quantity (X) is equal to or higher than the physical quantity threshold value (Xth), and the compression ratio ratio (Prr) is in the range from the ratio threshold value (Pth1) to the lower ratio threshold value (Pth2) lower than the ratio threshold value (Pth1). If it is inside, the injection circuit (30) is in the second state.

When the physical quantity (X) is equal to or higher than the physical quantity threshold value (Xth) and the compression ratio ratio (Prr) is lower than the low side ratio threshold value (Pth2), the injection circuit (30) is in the third state. ..

In the example of FIG. 9, the ratio threshold value (Pth1) and the low side ratio threshold value (Pth2) gradually increase as the physical quantity (X) increases. Specifically, as the physical quantity (X) increases, the ratio threshold (Pth1) gradually increases from the first ratio (Prr1), and the lower ratio threshold (Pth2) is lower than the first ratio (Prr1). It gradually increases from the second ratio (Prr2). Further, as the physical quantity (X) increases, the compression ratio ratio (Prr) gradually decreases. Specifically, when the physical quantity (X) becomes equal to or higher than the physical quantity threshold value (Xth), the compression ratio ratio (Prr) gradually decreases from 1 as the physical quantity (X) increases.

[Characteristics of Embodiment 2]
As described above, in the refrigeration cycle apparatus (10) of the present embodiment, the second compressor (22) has a compression chamber for compressing the refrigerant so that the refrigerant can be supplied to the compression chamber in the middle of compression. The injection circuit (30) is a part of the refrigerant that goes from the heat exchanger that is the radiator of the heat source side heat exchanger (24) and the user side heat exchanger (27) to the expansion mechanism (26). A first state in which the refrigerant is supplied to the suction side of the second compressor (22), a second state in which a part of the refrigerant is supplied to the compression chamber during compression of the second compressor (22), and one of the refrigerants. The unit can be switched to a third state in which the unit is supplied to both the suction side of the second compressor (22) and the compression chamber during compression.

In the present embodiment, the state of the injection circuit (30) can be switched between the first state, the second state, and the third state. Therefore, the injection is used to increase the discharge temperature of the second compressor (22). It can be suppressed appropriately. Thereby, the operable range of the refrigerating cycle apparatus (10) (the range of the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20)) can be widened. Moreover, the efficiency can be improved as compared with the first embodiment.

(Other embodiments)
In the above description, the first compressor (21) may be a turbo type compressor. In this way, by configuring the first compressor (21) with a turbo type compressor, compared to the case where the first compressor (21) is composed of a scroll type, rotary type, or swing piston type compressor. Also, the first compressor (21) can be miniaturized and speeded up. As a result, it is possible to easily secure the refrigerant flow rate even under an operating condition where the refrigerant density is low. In addition, the refrigeration cycle apparatus (10) can be downsized and reduced in cost.

Further, in the above description, R410A, R32, R407C and the like are listed as specific examples of the refrigerant, but the refrigerant may be another type of refrigerant. For example, the refrigerant may be carbon dioxide.

In addition, although the embodiments and modifications have been described, it will be understood that various modifications of the forms and details are possible without departing from the purpose and scope of the claims. In addition, the above embodiments and modifications may be appropriately combined or replaced as long as they do not impair the functions of the present disclosure.

As described above, the present disclosure is useful as a refrigeration cycle device.

10 Refrigerant cycle device 20 Refrigerant circuit 21 First compressor 22 Second compressor 23 Four-way switching valve 24 Heat source side heat exchanger 25 Check valve bridge 26 Expansion mechanism 27 User side heat exchanger 28 Accumulator 29 Bypass check valve 30 Injection circuit 31 Injection expansion valve 32 On-off valve 33 Injection check valve 34 Pressure reducing valve 40 Intermediate heat exchanger

Claims

A first compressor (21) that compresses and discharges the refrigerant, a second compressor (22) that compresses and discharges the refrigerant discharged from the first compressor (21), and a heat source side heat exchanger ( 24), a refrigerant circuit (20) having an expansion mechanism (26), and a heat exchanger (27) on the user side,
Of the heat source side heat exchanger (24) and the user side heat exchanger (27), a part of the refrigerant directed from the heat exchanger serving as the radiator to the expansion mechanism (26) is partly distributed by the second compressor (22). Equipped with an injection circuit (30) that supplies to the suction side of
The compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) is always in the steady operation of heating in which the heat exchanger (27) on the utilization side serves as a radiator and the heat exchanger (24) on the heat source side serves as an evaporator. Is a refrigeration cycle apparatus characterized in that it is smaller than the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22).
In claim 1,
Further equipped with an intermediate heat exchanger (40)
The injection circuit (30) has an injection expansion valve (31) for reducing the pressure of the refrigerant flowing through the injection circuit (30).
The intermediate heat exchanger (40) includes the refrigerant flowing out from the heat exchanger serving as the radiator among the heat source side heat exchanger (24) and the utilization side heat exchanger (27), and the injection expansion valve (31). ) Is a refrigeration cycle apparatus characterized by heat exchange with the refrigerant decompressed by.
In claim 1 or 2,
The second compressor (22) has a compression chamber for compressing the refrigerant, and is configured to be able to supply the refrigerant to the compression chamber during compression.
The injection circuit (30) uses a part of the refrigerant from the heat exchanger on the heat source side and the heat exchanger on the user side (27), which serves as a radiator, to the expansion mechanism (26). Switching between a first state in which the refrigerant is supplied to the suction side of the second compressor (22) and a second state in which a part of the refrigerant is supplied to the compression chamber during compression of the second compressor (22). A refrigeration cycle device characterized in that it is possible.
In claim 1 or 2,
The second compressor (22) has a compression chamber for compressing the refrigerant, and is configured to be able to supply the refrigerant to the compression chamber during compression.
The injection circuit (30) uses a part of the refrigerant from the heat exchanger on the heat source side and the heat exchanger on the user side (27), which serves as a radiator, to the expansion mechanism (26). The first state of supplying the suction side of the second compressor (22), the second state of supplying a part of the refrigerant to the compression chamber during compression of the second compressor (22), and the refrigerant. A refrigeration cycle apparatus characterized in that a part thereof can be switched to a third state of supplying both the suction side of the second compressor (22) and the compression chamber during compression.
In claim 3 or 4,
A refrigeration cycle apparatus characterized in that the state of the injection circuit (30) is switched according to a physical quantity (X) that correlates with the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20).
In claim 3,
The first compressor (21) with respect to the physical quantity (X) correlated with the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20) and the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22). ), The state of the injection circuit (30) is switched according to the ratio (Prr) of the compression ratio (Pr1).
In claim 6,
The injection circuit (30)
When the physical quantity (X) is less than a predetermined physical quantity threshold (Xth), and when the physical quantity (X) is equal to or more than the physical quantity threshold (Xth) and the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22) ) To the ratio (Prr) of the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) to or more than a predetermined ratio threshold (Pth1), the first state is set.
The ratio (Prr) of the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) to the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22) when the physical quantity (X) is equal to or higher than the physical quantity threshold (Xth). The refrigeration cycle apparatus is characterized in that the second state is obtained when is less than the ratio threshold value (Pth1).
In claim 7,
A refrigeration cycle apparatus characterized in that the ratio threshold value (Pth1) gradually increases as the physical quantity (X) increases.
In any one of claims 1 to 8,
As the physical quantity (X) correlated with the difference between the high pressure (Pc) and the low pressure (Pe) in the refrigerant circuit (20) increases, the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22) becomes larger. A refrigeration cycle apparatus characterized in that the ratio (Prr) of the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) gradually decreases.
In any one of claims 1 to 9,
Even in the steady operation of cooling in which the heat source side heat exchanger (24) serves as a radiator and the user side heat exchanger (27) serves as an evaporator, the compression ratio (Pr1) in the first compressor (21) is always present. ) Is a refrigeration cycle apparatus characterized in that it is smaller than the compression ratio (Pr2) in the second compressor (22).
In any one of claims 1 to 10,
The first compressor (21) is a refrigeration cycle apparatus characterized by being a rotary type or a swing piston type compressor.
In any one of claims 1 to 10,
The first compressor (21) is a refrigeration cycle apparatus characterized by being a turbo type compressor.