WO2020203625A1 - 分岐型分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体 - Google Patents
分岐型分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020203625A1 WO2020203625A1 PCT/JP2020/013598 JP2020013598W WO2020203625A1 WO 2020203625 A1 WO2020203625 A1 WO 2020203625A1 JP 2020013598 W JP2020013598 W JP 2020013598W WO 2020203625 A1 WO2020203625 A1 WO 2020203625A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- group
- polyethylene glycol
- glycol derivative
- degradable
- oligopeptide
- Prior art date
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- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 198
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 108010038807 Oligopeptides Proteins 0.000 claims description 61
- 102000015636 Oligopeptides Human genes 0.000 claims description 61
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 32
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 29
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- -1 vinylsulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
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- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 claims description 11
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- 241000699666 Mus <mouse, genus> Species 0.000 description 10
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- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 8
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- 239000004705 High-molecular-weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 241001662443 Phemeranthus parviflorus Species 0.000 description 6
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- C08G65/334—Polymers modified by chemical after-treatment with organic compounds containing sulfur
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Definitions
- the present invention relates to a branched degradable polyethylene glycol derivative that decomposes in cells and is used for modifying biological substances.
- bio-related substances such as hormones, cytokines, antibodies, and enzymes are usually rapidly excreted from the body by glomerular filtration in the kidney and uptake by macrophages in the liver and spleen when administered into the body. It ends up. Therefore, the half-life in blood is short, and it is often difficult to obtain a sufficient pharmacological effect.
- hydrophilic polymers such as sugar chains and polyethylene glycol, albumin, and the like.
- modification with polyethylene glycol has effects such as reduction of toxicity and antigenicity of biological substances and improvement of solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs.
- Bio-related substances modified with polyethylene glycol are covered with a hydration layer formed by ether bonds of polyethylene glycol and hydrogen bonds with water molecules, which increases the molecular size and thus avoids glomerular filtration in the kidneys. be able to. Furthermore, it is known that the interaction with opsonin and the cell surface constituting each tissue is reduced, and the transfer to each tissue is reduced. Polyethylene glycol is an excellent material that prolongs the half-life of biological substances in the blood, and it is known that the higher the molecular weight, the higher the effect. So far, many studies have been conducted on bio-related substances modified with high molecular weight polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 40,000 or more, and the results have been obtained that the half-life in blood can be significantly extended.
- Polyethylene glycol is regarded as the optimum standard among modified preparations used for improving the performance of bio-related substances, and at present, multiple polyethylene glycol modified preparations have been put on the market and are used in medical practice.
- EMA European Medicines Agency
- Non-Patent Document 2 when a large excess amount of polyethylene glycol was administered alone to an animal for a long period of time as compared with the usual dose of a polyethylene glycol modified preparation, no vacuole was observed at a molecular weight of 20,000, and the molecular weight was 40,000. Occurrence of vacuoles has been confirmed in. As one of the means for suppressing vacuoles, it is conceivable to reduce the molecular weight of polyethylene glycol, but if the molecular weight is reduced, there arises a problem that the half-life of bio-related substances in blood cannot be sufficiently improved.
- Patent Document 1 describes a polyethylene glycol derivative having a sulfide bond or a peptide bond site that is cleaved in a living body. There is a description that the polyethylene glycol derivative is decomposed in vivo to a molecular weight suitable for excretion from the kidney. However, no specific data on degradation have been shown, and no data have been shown to promote renal excretion. Furthermore, there is no description about cell vacuoles.
- Patent Document 2 describes a polyethylene glycol derivative having an acetal moiety that can be hydrolyzed in a low pH environment in a living body. There is a description that the polyethylene glycol derivative is decomposed in vivo to a molecular weight suitable for excretion from the kidney. However, there is no specific data that the excretion from the kidney was promoted, and there is no description about cell vacuoles. Further, it is known that these acetal sites capable of hydrolysis are gradually decomposed even in blood, and it is expected that the half-life of the modified bio-related substance in blood cannot be sufficiently improved.
- Non-Patent Document 3 describes a polyethylene glycol derivative having an oligopeptide site that is degraded by an enzyme.
- the oligopeptide is introduced as a linker between the anticancer agent and polyethylene glycol, and it has been reported that the oligopeptide is decomposed by an enzyme specifically expressed around the tumor to efficiently release the anticancer agent. ..
- the purpose is to release anti-cancer agents, not to impart degradability to polyethylene glycol for the purpose of suppressing cell vacuoles.
- Non-Patent Document 4 describes a hydrogel using a crosslinked molecule having an oligopeptide site that is decomposed by an enzyme and a multi-branched polyethylene glycol derivative.
- the oligopeptide is used as a cross-linking molecule that connects multi-branched polyethylene glycol derivatives, and can further impart enzymatic degradability to the hydrogel.
- the purpose is to prepare a degradable hydrogel, not to impart degradability to polyethylene glycol for the purpose of suppressing cell vacuoles.
- Patent Document 3 describes a branched polyethylene glycol derivative having an oligopeptide as a skeleton.
- the oligopeptide is used as the basic skeleton of the polyethylene glycol derivative, and does not impart enzymatic degradability.
- oligopeptides are characterized by containing amino acids such as lysine and aspartic acid that have amino and carboxyl groups in their side chains, and the purpose is to synthesize branched polyethylene glycol derivatives that utilize them in the reaction. is there. It is not a polyethylene glycol derivative intended to suppress cell vacuoles.
- polyethylene glycol derivatives used for modifying bio-related substances generally have a linear type and a branched type, and in Non-Patent Document 5, the branched type is significantly more bio-related than the linear type. There is a description that it prolongs the half-life in blood. In recent years, most of the polyethylene glycol modified preparations put on the market have adopted the branched type. However, there have been no reports on a branched polyethylene glycol derivative that suppresses cell vacuoles in this field.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a high molecular weight branched polyethylene glycol derivative that does not cause cell vacuoles. More specifically, a branched degradable polyethylene glycol derivative that can be effectively used for modifying a biological substance, is stable in blood in the living body, and is decomposed in cells is industrially used. It is to be provided by a manufacturing method that can be produced.
- the present inventors have invented a branched degradable polyethylene glycol derivative having an oligopeptide that decomposes intracellularly.
- n 45 to 950
- W is an oligopeptide having a symmetrical structure centered on glutamic acid and having 5 to 47 residues
- a is 2 to 8
- X is capable of reacting with a biorelated substance.
- a degradable polyethylene glycol derivative which is a functional group and L 1 and L 2 are independently divalent spacers).
- the degradable polyethylene glycol derivative according to [1], wherein the oligopeptide having a symmetrical structure centered on W glutamic acid is an oligopeptide having the following w1, w2 or w3 structure.
- Glu is a residue of glutamic acid
- Z is a degradable oligopeptide of 2-5 residues consisting of neutral amino acids excluding cysteine.
- [3] The degradable polyethylene glycol derivative according to [2], wherein the degradable oligopeptide of Z is an oligopeptide having glycine as a C-terminal amino acid.
- [4] The degradation according to any one of [2] or [3], wherein the degradable oligopeptide of Z is an oligopeptide having at least one hydrophobic neutral amino acid having a hydropathy index of 2.5 or more. Sex polyethylene glycol derivative.
- L 1 is a carbonyl group, urethane bond, amide bond, ether bond, thioether bond, secondary amino group, or urea bond; or an alkylene group which may contain these bonds and / or groups [1]. ] To [5]. The degradable polyethylene glycol derivative according to any one of [5].
- L 2 is an alkylene group; or an alkylene group containing at least one bond and / or group selected from a carbonyl group, a urethane bond, an amide bond, an ether bond, a thioether bond, a secondary amino group, and a urea bond.
- the degradable polyethylene glycol derivative according to any one of [1] to [6].
- X is an active ester group, active carbonate group, aldehyde group, isocyanate group, isothiocyanate group, epoxide group, maleimide group, substituted maleimide group, vinylsulfonyl group, acrylic group, substituted sulfonate group, sulfonyloxy group, carboxyl group.
- the degradable polyethylene glycol derivative according to any one of [1] to [7].
- the branched degradable polyethylene glycol derivative of the present invention is stable in blood in vivo and has an oligopeptide in its structure that is degraded by intracellular enzymes. Therefore, the degradable polyethylene glycol derivative is stable in blood and can impart a blood half-life equivalent to that of the conventional non-degradable polyethylene glycol derivative to a biological substance. Furthermore, when the degradable polyethylene glycol derivative is taken up into cells, the oligopeptide site is rapidly degraded, so that the generation of cell vacuoles, which has been a problem until now, can be suppressed.
- the oligopeptide constituting the degradable polyethylene glycol derivative has a symmetrical structure centered on glutamic acid, and the same degradable oligopeptide Z is bound to the ends of all polyethylene glycol chains. Therefore, the polyethylene glycol decomposition products generated during intracellular decomposition have the same molecular weight and the same structure, and have the characteristic of uniform discharge from tissues and cells. Cell vacuolization by polyethylene glycol is more likely to occur as the molecular weight of polyethylene glycol is larger. Therefore, it is desirable to design a molecular design in which degradable polyethylene glycol is decomposed into smaller molecular weights in cells.
- the branched degradable polyethylene glycol of the present invention is made from an inexpensive and easily available methoxypolyethylene glycol derivative, and a degradable oligopeptide is bound thereto, and then two of them are reacted with the glutamic acid derivative at a time.
- the polyethylene glycol chain of the above can be introduced into the structure, it is possible to greatly reduce the number of steps in the production thereof. Further, by using glycine as the C-terminal amino acid of the oligopeptide, impurities generated in the production process can be reduced, thereby industrially producing the branched degradable polyethylene glycol derivative of the present invention. Is possible.
- An image of a section of the cerebral choroid plexus of a mouse long-administered with methoxyPEGamine 40 kDa of Example 9 (arrows indicate vacuoles) is shown. It shows images of the compound (p3) (NH 2 -E ( FG-200ME) 2) brain sections choroid plexus of mice prolonged administration of Example 9.
- PBS of Example 10 methoxy PEG amine 40 kDa, methoxy PEG amine 20 kDa, compound (p3) image (stained portion of (NH 2 -E (FG-200ME ) 2) brain sections choroid plexus of mice prolonged administration Indicates the accumulation of PEG).
- Example NH 2 -E (FG-200ME) of the radioactive isotopes was labeled for 11 2, 2 branched PEG amine 40 kDa, 2 branched PEG amine pharmacokinetics results of 20kDa indicating the (blood concentration).
- the degradable polyethylene glycol derivative according to the present invention is represented by the following formula (1).
- n 45 to 950
- W is an oligopeptide having a symmetrical structure centered on glutamic acid and having 5 to 47 residues
- a is 2 to 8
- X is capable of reacting with a biorelated substance. It is a functional group
- L 1 and L 2 are independently divalent spacers.
- the total molecular weight of the polyethylene glycol derivative of the formula (1) of the present invention is usually 4,000 to 160,000, preferably 10,000 to 120,000, and more preferably 20,000 to 80,000. Is.
- the polyethylene glycol derivative of the formula (1) of the present invention has a total molecular weight of 20,000 or more.
- the molecular weight referred to here is a number average molecular weight (Mn).
- N in the formula (1) is the number of repeating units of polyethylene glycol, usually 45 to 950, preferably 110 to 690, and more preferably 220 to 460.
- a in the formula (1) is the number of polyethylene glycol chains bonded to the oligopeptide, which is usually 2 to 8, preferably 2 or 4 or 8, and more preferably 2 or 4. ..
- L 1 and L 2 in the formula (1) are independently divalent spacers, and these spacers are not particularly limited as long as they are groups capable of forming a covalent bond, but L 1 is preferable.
- L 1 is preferable.
- L 2 is preferably an alkylene group; or an alkylene containing at least one bond and / or group selected from an amide bond, an ether bond, a thioether bond, a urethane bond, a secondary amino group, a carbonyl group, and a urea bond.
- L 2 is preferably bonded to a repeating unit of polyethylene glycol with a carbon atom. Particularly preferred embodiments of L 1 and L 2 are those shown in group (I) below. Further, 2 to 5 spacers of the group (I) may be combined. As a divalent spacer, ester bonds and carbonate bonds are not suitable because they gradually decompose in the blood in the living body.
- s in the equation indicates an integer of 0 to 10, preferably an integer of 0 to 6, and more preferably an integer of 0 to 3. Further, in (z2) to (z11), s in the equation may be the same or different.
- L 1 is an asymmetric divalent spacer
- the bonding position with other adjacent groups is not particularly limited
- the right side of the spacer represented by the above formula in the above group (I) is the bonding position with W. It is possible to take both connection positions when the left side indicates the connection position with X and the left side indicates the connection position with W and the right side indicates the connection position with X.
- L 2 is an asymmetric divalent spacer
- the right side of the spacer represented by the above formula in the above group (I) indicates the bonding position with OCH 2 CH 2
- the left side indicates the bonding position with W.
- the L 1 in Formula (1) the group (I) of (z3), (z4), (z6), (z7), (z8), preferably a group represented by (z9) or (z10), The groups represented by (z3), (z6), (z9) or (z10) are more preferred.
- the L 2 in Formula (1), the group (I) of (z1), (z2), (z3), (z4), (z5), (z6), (z7), (z8) or (z11 ) Is preferred, and the groups represented by (z3), (z5) or (z11) are more preferred.
- W in the formula (1) is an oligopeptide having a symmetrical structure centered on glutamic acid and having 5 to 47 residues, which is stable in the blood in the living body and which is decomposed by an intracellular enzyme.
- the amino acids constituting the oligopeptide preferably consist of neutral amino acids excluding cysteine, except for glutamic acid, which constitutes the central portion.
- the oligopeptide having a symmetrical structure centered on glutamic acid as used herein means a compound in which the same peptide is bound to the carboxyl group at the ⁇ -position and the carboxyl group at the ⁇ -position of glutamic acid, and the paired peptide centered on glutamic acid is used.
- the composition ratio of the number of neutral amino acids and glutamic acid in the oligopeptide is usually 2 to 10, preferably 2 to 8, and more preferably 2 to 2. It is 6.
- the amino acids that make up W are basically L-type.
- W Particularly preferred embodiments of W are those shown in Group (II) below.
- Glu is a residue of glutamic acid
- Z is a degradable oligopeptide of 2-5 residues consisting of neutral amino acids excluding cysteine.
- Z in (w1) to (w3) is an oligopeptide composed of an amino acid having an amino group or a carboxyl group in the side chain, specifically, a neutral amino acid containing no lysine, aspartic acid, or glutamic acid. Is preferable.
- the C-terminal carboxyl group of the oligopeptide is used as the polyethylene glycol derivative. It is used for the condensation reaction of.
- the side chain is not a side reaction between the oligopeptides in the condensation reaction or the C-terminal carboxyl group which is the purpose of the polyethylene glycol derivative.
- the introduced impurities are also generated in the carboxyl group of. Since it is difficult to remove these impurities by a purification process such as ordinary extraction or crystallization, in order to obtain the desired product with high purity, an oligopeptide consisting of amino acids having no amino group or carboxyl group in the side chain should be used. Is desirable.
- the amino acids constituting Z are ⁇ -amino acids and are basically L-type.
- Cysteine which is a neutral amino acid, has a mercapto group and forms a disulfide bond with other mercapto groups. Therefore, Z in (w1) to (w3) is an oligopeptide consisting of a neutral amino acid containing no cysteine. Is preferable.
- Z in (w1) to (w3) is preferably an oligopeptide having glycine as a C-terminal amino acid.
- glycine glycine
- achiral glycine as the C-terminal amino acid of the oligopeptide, a high-purity target product without by-products of stereoisomers can be obtained.
- Z in (w1) to (w3) is an oligopeptide having at least one hydrophobic neutral amino acid having a hydropathy index of 2.5 or more, specifically, phenylalanine, leucine, valine, and isoleucine. It is preferable that the oligopeptide has phenylalanine, and more preferably.
- the hydropathy index which is created by Kyte and Doolittle and quantitatively indicates the hydrophobicity of amino acids, indicates that the larger the value, the more hydrophobic the amino acid (Kyte J & Doolittle RF, 1982, J Mol). Biol, 157: 105-132.).
- Z in (w1) to (w3) is an oligo of 2 to 5 residues consisting of neutral amino acids excluding cysteine, which is stable in blood in the living body and has the ability to be decomposed by intracellular enzymes.
- the peptide is not particularly limited, but specific examples include glycine-phenylalanine-leucine-glycine, glycine-glycine-phenylalanine-glycine, glycine-phenylalanine-glycine, glycine-leucine-glycine, and valine-citrulin-glycine.
- Valin-alanine-glycine, phenylalanine-glycine, etc. preferably glycine-phenylalanine-leucine-glycine, glycine-glycine-phenylalanine-glycine, glycine-phenylalanine-glycine, valine-citrulin-glycine, valine-alanine-glycine, Or phenylalanine-glycine, more preferably glycine-phenylalanine-leucine-glycine, glycine-phenylalanine-glycine, valine-citrulin-glycine, or phenylalanine-glycine, even more preferably glycine-phenylalanine-leucine-glycine, or It is phenylalanine-glycine.
- X in the formula (1) is particularly limited as long as it is a functional group that reacts with a functional group existing in a biological substance such as a bioactive protein, peptide, antibody, or nucleic acid to be chemically modified to form a covalent bond.
- a biological substance such as a bioactive protein, peptide, antibody, or nucleic acid
- X in the formula (1) is particularly limited as long as it is a functional group that reacts with a functional group existing in a biological substance such as a bioactive protein, peptide, antibody, or nucleic acid to be chemically modified to form a covalent bond.
- a biological substance such as a bioactive protein, peptide, antibody, or nucleic acid
- the "functional group capable of reacting with a bio-related substance” represented by X in the formula (1) is a functional group such as an amino group, a mercapto group, an aldehyde group, a carboxyl group, an unsaturated bond or an azide group possessed by the bio-related substance. It is not particularly limited as long as it is a functional group capable of chemically bonding with.
- Alkinyl group ), allyl group, vinyl group, amino group, oxyamino group, hydrazide group and azide group, more preferably active ester group, active carbonate group, aldehyde group, maleimide group, oxyamino group and amino group. Yes, particularly preferably an aldehyde group, a maleimide group and an oxyamino group.
- such functional groups X can be classified into the following groups (III), group (IV), group (V), group (VI), group (VII) and group (VIII). it can.
- Group (III) Functional groups capable of reacting with amino groups of bio-related substances The following (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g), (j) ), Or the group represented by (k).
- Group (IV) Functional groups capable of reacting with mercapto groups of bio-related substances The following (a), (b), (c), (d), (e), (f), (g), (h) ), (I), (j), (k), or the group represented by (l).
- Group (V) Functional group capable of reacting with an aldehyde group contained in a bio-related substance Examples thereof include groups represented by (h), (m), (n), or (p) below.
- Group (VI) Functional groups capable of reacting with carboxyl groups of biorelated substances Examples thereof include groups represented by (h), (m), (n), or (p) below.
- Group (VII) Functional groups capable of reacting with unsaturated bonds possessed by biorelated substances Examples thereof include groups represented by (h), (m), or (o) below.
- Group (VIII) Functional groups capable of reacting with azide groups contained in bio-related substances Examples thereof include groups represented by (l) below.
- W 1 in the formula represents a halogen atom such as a chlorine atom (Cl), a bromine atom (Br) or an iodine atom (I), preferably Br, or I, more preferably I. ..
- Y 1 and Y 3 in the formula independently represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, preferably 1 carbon atom. It is a hydrocarbon group of ⁇ 5. Specific examples of the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, a tertiary butyl group and the like, and a methyl group or an ethyl group is preferable. is there.
- Y 2 in the formula represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms which may contain a fluorine atom, and specifically, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, and the like.
- Isopropyl group butyl group, tertiary butyl group, hexyl group, nonyl group, vinyl group, phenyl group, benzyl group, 4-methylphenyl group, trifluoromethyl group, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group, 4- Examples thereof include a (trifluoromethoxy) phenyl group, preferably a methyl group, a vinyl group, a 4-methylphenyl group, or a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group.
- the active ester group is an ester group having an alkoxy group having a high desorption ability.
- the alkoxy group having high desorption ability include an alkoxy group derived from nitrophenol, N-hydroxysuccinimide, pentafluorophenol and the like.
- the active ester group is preferably an ester group having an alkoxy group derived from N-hydroxysuccinimide.
- the active carbonate group is a carbonate group having an alkoxy group having a high desorption ability.
- the alkoxy group having high desorption ability include an alkoxy group derived from nitrophenol, N-hydroxysuccinimide, pentafluorophenol and the like.
- the active carbonate group is preferably a carbonate group having an alkoxy group derived from nitrophenol or N-hydroxysuccinimide.
- the substituted maleimide group is a maleimide group in which a hydrocarbon group is bonded to one carbon atom of the double bond of the maleimide group.
- a hydrocarbon group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, a tertiary butyl group and the like, and a methyl group or an ethyl group is preferable.
- the substituted sulfonate group is a sulfonate group in which a hydrocarbon group which may contain a fluorine atom is bonded to the sulfur atom of the sulfonate group.
- a hydrocarbon group which may contain a fluorine atom
- the hydrocarbon group that may contain a fluorine atom include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, a tertiary butyl group, a hexyl group, a nonyl group, a vinyl group, and a phenyl group.
- Benzyl group 4-methylphenyl group, trifluoromethyl group, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group, 4- (trifluoromethoxy) phenyl group and the like, preferably methyl group, vinyl group, 4- It is a methylphenyl group or a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group.
- the branched degradable polyethylene glycol derivative of the present invention can be produced, for example, through the following steps.
- PEG in the process is a polyethylene glycol chain
- Peptide is an oligopeptide
- Pro is a protecting group
- L 3 is a divalent spacer.
- the PEG in the process is a polyethylene glycol chain, and the molecular weight is as defined by n, which is the number of repeating units of polyethylene glycol described above, that is, n is 45 to 950. Therefore, the range of the molecular weight is It is 2000-42000.
- Peptide in the process is an oligopeptide synonymous with Z.
- an oligopeptide in which the N-terminal amino group is protected by a protecting group is used.
- Pro in the process is a protecting group, where the protecting group is a component that prevents or prevents the reaction of a specific chemically reactive functional group in the molecule under certain reaction conditions.
- Protecting groups vary depending on the type of chemically reactive functional group protected, the conditions used and the presence of other functional or protecting groups in the molecule. Specific examples of protecting groups can be found in many common books, such as "Wuts, P.G.M.; Greene, T.W. Protective Groups in Organic Syntheses, 4th ed .; Wiley. -Interscience: New York, 2007 ”. Further, the functional group protected by the protecting group can be regenerated by deprotecting, that is, chemically reacting with the reaction conditions suitable for each protecting group. Typical deprotection conditions for protecting groups are described in the aforementioned literature.
- L 3 in the process is a divalent spacer synonymous with L 1 and L 2 .
- the carboxyl group of an oligopeptide in which the N-terminal amino group is protected with a protecting group and the amino group of a polyethylene glycol derivative having a methoxy group at one end are bonded by a condensation reaction to form a polyethylene glycol derivative (1).
- the protecting group of the N-terminal amino group of the oligopeptide is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an acyl-based protecting group and a carbamate-based protecting group, and specific examples thereof include a trifluoroacetyl group and 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl. Examples include a group (Fmoc), a tert-butyloxycarbonyl group and the like.
- the condensation reaction is not particularly limited, but a reaction using a condensing agent is desirable.
- a condensing agent such as dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC) or 1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride (EDC) may be used alone, or N-hydroxysuccinimide may be used alone.
- DCC dicyclohexylcarbodiimide
- EDC 1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride
- NHS 1-hydroxybenzotriazole
- HOAt 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole
- HATU HATU
- HBTU HBTU
- TATU TATU
- TBTU COMU
- a condensing agent such as (DMT-MM) may be used.
- a base such as triethylamine or dimethylaminopyridine may be used.
- Impurities produced as a by-product in the reaction, or oligopeptides and condensing agents remaining unconsumed in the reaction are preferably purified and removed. Purification is not particularly limited, but can be purified by extraction, recrystallization, adsorption treatment, reprecipitation, column chromatography, supercritical extraction and the like.
- Deprotection B is a step of deprotecting the protecting group of the polyethylene glycol derivative (1) obtained in the reaction A to obtain the polyethylene glycol derivative (2).
- the deprotection reaction can be a conventionally known method, it is necessary to use the conditions divalent spacer oligopeptide or L 3 is not decomposed. Further, this step can also be carried out as a part of the step of reaction A. Impurities produced by the deprotection reaction are preferably purified and removed. Purification is not particularly limited, but can be purified by extraction, recrystallization, adsorption treatment, reprecipitation, column chromatography, supercritical extraction and the like.
- Reaction C the amino group of the polyethylene glycol derivative (2) obtained by deprotection B and the two carboxyl groups of the glutamate derivative whose amino group is protected by a protecting group are bonded by a condensation reaction, and the two degradability
- This is a step of obtaining a branched polyethylene glycol derivative (3) having a structure in which polyethylene glycol chains are linked by glutamate residues.
- a reaction using a condensing agent is desirable, and a base such as triethylamine or dimethylaminopyridine may be used to accelerate the reaction.
- the protecting group for the amino group of glutamic acid is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include an acyl-based protecting group and a carbamate-based protecting group, specifically, a trifluoroacetyl group and a 9-fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl group (Fmoc). , Tert-butyloxycarbonyl group and the like.
- Impurities produced by the reaction or polyethylene glycol derivatives remaining unconsumed in the reaction are preferably purified and removed. Purification is not particularly limited, but can be purified by extraction, recrystallization, adsorption treatment, reprecipitation, column chromatography, supercritical extraction and the like.
- the deprotection D is a step of deprotecting the protecting group of the polyethylene glycol derivative (3) obtained in the reaction C to obtain the polyethylene glycol derivative (4).
- the deprotection reaction can be a conventionally known method, it is necessary to use the conditions divalent spacer oligopeptide or L 3 is not decomposed. This step can also be carried out as part of the reaction C step. Impurities produced by the deprotection reaction are preferably purified and removed. Purification is not particularly limited, but can be purified by extraction, recrystallization, adsorption treatment, reprecipitation, column chromatography, supercritical extraction and the like.
- reaction E the amino group of the polyethylene glycol derivative (4) obtained by deprotection D and the two carboxyl groups of the glutamate derivative in which the amino group is protected by the protecting group are bonded by a condensation reaction, and four degradability
- This is a step of obtaining a branched polyethylene glycol derivative (5) having a structure in which polyethylene glycol chains are linked by glutamate residues.
- the reaction and purification are possible under the same conditions as the reaction C.
- the purification technique described in JP-A-2014-208786 or JP-A-2011-79934 is used. Can be done.
- the deprotection F is a step of deprotecting the protecting group of the polyethylene glycol derivative (5) obtained in the reaction E to obtain the polyethylene glycol derivative (6).
- the deprotection reaction can be a conventionally known method, it is necessary to use the conditions divalent spacer oligopeptide or L 3 is not decomposed. The reaction and purification are possible under the same conditions as the deprotected D. Further, this step can also be carried out as a part of the step of reaction E.
- reaction G the amino group of the polyethylene glycol derivative (6) obtained by deprotection F and the two carboxyl groups of the glutamate derivative in which the amino group is protected by a protecting group are bonded by a condensation reaction, and eight degradable groups are obtained.
- This is a step of obtaining a branched polyethylene glycol derivative (7) having a structure in which polyethylene glycol chains are linked by glutamate residues.
- the reaction and purification are possible under the same conditions as the reaction C.
- Deprotection H is a step of deprotecting the protecting group of the polyethylene glycol derivative (7) obtained in the reaction G to obtain the polyethylene glycol derivative (8).
- the reaction and purification are possible under the same conditions as the deprotected F. Further, this step can also be carried out as a part of the step of reaction G.
- a bifurcated degradable polyethylene glycol derivative (4) By performing the above reactions A, deprotection B, reaction C and deprotection D, a bifurcated degradable polyethylene glycol derivative (4) can be obtained. By using the bifurcated degradable polyethylene glycol derivative (4) as a raw material and subsequently performing the reaction E and the deprotection F, the tetrabranched degradable polyethylene glycol derivative (6) can be obtained. Further, the reaction G and the deprotection H are continuously carried out to obtain an 8-branched degradable polyethylene glycol derivative (8).
- the polyethylene glycol derivatives (4), (6) and (8) obtained by deprotection D, deprotection F and deprotection H all have one amino group, which can be utilized in various ways. It can be converted to a functional group.
- the step of converting the amino group at the terminal of the polyethylene glycol derivative to another functional group is not particularly limited, but basically, a compound having an active ester group capable of reacting with the amino group, or an acid anhydride, By using a general reaction reagent such as acid chloride, it can be easily converted into various functional groups.
- the desired product when it is desired to convert the amino group at the end of the polyethylene glycol derivative into a maleimide group, the desired product can be obtained by reacting with the following reagents.
- the desired product when it is desired to convert the amino group at the end of the polyethylene glycol derivative into a carboxyl group, the desired product can be obtained by reacting with succinic anhydride or glutaric anhydride.
- the desired product when it is desired to convert the amino group at the end of a polyethylene glycol derivative into a hydroxyl group, the desired product can be obtained by subjecting it to a condensation reaction with a ring-opening product of a cyclic ester such as caprolactone.
- reaction reagents are low molecular weight reagents and have significantly different solubility from polyethylene glycol derivatives which are high molecular weight polymers, they can be easily removed by general purification methods such as extraction and crystallization. ..
- the degradable polyethylene glycol obtained through the above steps is required to be stable in blood and have the ability to decompose only inside cells.
- the following tests can be carried out to evaluate the stability of degradable polyethylene glycol in blood and its degradability in cells.
- all the evaluation samples were unified to the polyethylene glycol derivative having one amino group.
- the test method for evaluating the stability of the degradable polyethylene glycol derivative in blood is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include tests using sera of mice, rats, humans and the like. Specifically, the polyethylene glycol derivative is dissolved in serum to a concentration of 1 to 10 mg / mL, incubated at 37 ° C. for 96 hours, and then the polyethylene glycol derivative contained in the serum is recovered and GPC is measured. The decomposition rate can be evaluated with. The decomposition rate is calculated from the peak area% of the GPC membrane of the polyethylene glycol derivative before the stability test and the peak area% of the GPC membrane of the polyethylene glycol derivative after the stability test. Specifically, the following formula is used.
- Decomposition rate (Peak area% before test-Peak area% after test) ⁇ Peak area% before test x 100
- the test method for evaluating the intracellular degradability of the degradable polyethylene glycol derivative is not particularly limited, but for example, a test in which cells are cultured using a medium containing the degradable polyethylene glycol derivative may be used. Can be mentioned.
- the cells and medium used here are not particularly limited, but specifically, a polyethylene glycol derivative is dissolved in RPMI-1640, which is a medium, so as to have a concentration of 1 to 20 mg / mL, and this medium is used. After culturing the macrophage cell RAW264.7 at 37 ° C. for 96 hours, the polyethylene glycol derivative in the cell is recovered, and the degradation rate can be evaluated by measuring GPC.
- the test method for evaluating the half-life in blood and the distribution in the body of the degradable polyethylene glycol derivative is not particularly limited, but for example, a radioisotope or a fluorescent substance is labeled, administered to mice or rats, and monitored. There are tests to be done.
- the degradable peptide introduced into the polyethylene glycol derivative imparts intracellular degradability to polyethylene glycol, and it is considered that the peptide structure may change the pharmacokinetics of polyethylene glycol. Therefore, in order to confirm the effect of the introduced peptide structure on the pharmacokinetics, it is necessary to compare the half-life in blood and its distribution in the body with a polyethylene glycol derivative having the same molecular weight and having no degradability.
- a non-degradable polyethylene glycol derivative labeled with a radioisotope and a degradable polyethylene glycol derivative were administered to mice, and the radiation doses of blood and each organ were measured at multiple time points. , Quantitative measurement can be performed.
- the test method for evaluating the suppression of cell vacuoles of the degradable polyethylene glycol derivative is not particularly limited, but for example, as described in Non-Patent Document 2, long-term, high frequency, and high dose.
- the polyethylene glycol derivative was dissolved in physiological saline to a concentration of 10 to 250 mg / mL, and 20 to 100 ⁇ L was continuously administered from the tail vein of the mouse 3 times a week for 4 weeks or more to generate vacuoles.
- Paraffin sections such as the cerebral choroid plexus and spleen, which are said to be easy to use, are prepared and stained, and then the section images are confirmed by a pathological method to evaluate vacuole suppression. In this evaluation, it is necessary to administer a large excess of polyethylene glycol as compared with the general polyethylene glycol dose in the technical field.
- Non-Patent Document 2 describes that the vacuolation of cells by high molecular weight polyethylene glycol is related to the accumulation of polyethylene glycol in tissues.
- the test method for evaluating the accumulation of the degradable polyethylene glycol derivative in cells is not particularly limited, but can be evaluated from the section image prepared by the same method as the evaluation of vacuoles described above. Stained section images of the cerebral choroid plexus and spleen, which are organs that are said to easily accumulate polyethylene glycol, can be confirmed by a pathological method to evaluate the accumulation of polyethylene glycol. In this evaluation, it is necessary to administer a large excess of polyethylene glycol as compared with the general polyethylene glycol dose in the technical field.
- the 1 H-NMR obtained in the following examples was obtained from JNM-ECP400 or JNM-ECA600 manufactured by JEOL Ltd. ⁇ 5mm Ju the measurement - Using parts, the deuterated solvent, using CDCl 3 and d 6-DMSO containing tetramethylsilane (TMS) as D 2 O, or internal standard.
- TMS tetramethylsilane
- the molecular weight and amine purity of the obtained polyethylene glycol derivative were calculated using liquid chromatography (GPC and HPLC).
- GPC and HPLC liquid chromatography
- As the liquid chromatography system "HLC-8320GPC EcoSEC” manufactured by Tosoh Corporation was used for GPC, and "ALLIANCE" manufactured by WATERS was used for HPLC.
- the analysis conditions for GPC and HPLC are shown below.
- diisopropylethylamine (192 ⁇ L, 1.2 ⁇ 10 -3 mol, manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) and (1-cyano-2-ethoxy-2-oxoethylideneaminooxy) dimethylamino-morpholino-carbenium hexafluorophosphorus
- the acid salt (COMU) (0.321 g, 7.5 ⁇ 10 -4 mol, manufactured by Sigma-Aldrich) was added and reacted at room temperature in a nitrogen atmosphere for 1 hour. After completion of the reaction, the mixture was diluted with chloroform (600 g), saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution (240 g) was added, and the mixture was washed by stirring at room temperature for 15 minutes.
- a saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution (240 g) was added to the organic layer again, and the mixture was washed by stirring at room temperature for 15 minutes to recover the organic layer.
- Magnesium sulfate (2.4 g) was added to the obtained organic layer (chloroform solution), and the mixture was stirred for 30 minutes to dehydrate, and then suction filtration was performed using a Kiriyama funnel on which oplite was spread on a 5A filter paper.
- the obtained filtrate was concentrated at 40 ° C., ethyl acetate (240 g) was added to the concentrate and stirred to make it uniform, then hexane (120 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes to produce the product. Was precipitated. After suction filtration using 5A filter paper to collect the precipitate, it was dissolved again in ethyl acetate (240 g), hexane (120 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes to precipitate the product.
- N, N'-dimethylformamide (29.4 g) was added to ME-200GF-Fmoc (4.9 g, 2.3 ⁇ 10 -4 mol) obtained in Example 1-1, and the mixture was heated at 30 ° C. Dissolved.
- Piperidine (1.55 g, 1.8 ⁇ 10 -2 mol, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was added and allowed to react for 2 hours at room temperature under a nitrogen atmosphere. After completion of the reaction, ethyl acetate (300 g) was added and the mixture was stirred until uniform, hexane (150 g) was added and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes to precipitate the product.
- Example 1-2 L-glutamic acid (Fmoc-Glu-OH) (16.0 mg, 4.3 ⁇ 10-5 mol, manufactured by Watanabe Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) whose N-terminal was protected with an Fmoc group.
- L-glutamic acid Fmoc-Glu-OH
- ME-200GF-NH 2 2.0 g, 1.0 ⁇ 10 -4 mol
- Example 2 The compound (p3) (200 mg, 5.0 ⁇ 10-6 mol) obtained in Example 1 was dissolved in acetonitrile (160 mg) and toluene (1.0 g). After that, N-methylmorpholine (10 mg, 1.0 ⁇ 10-5 mol, manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) and N-succinimidyl 3-maleimidepropionate (8.0 mg, 3.0 ⁇ 10-5 mol, Osaka synthesis) Organic Chemistry Laboratory Co., Ltd. was added, and the reaction was carried out at room temperature in a nitrogen atmosphere and under shading for 6 hours.
- N-methylmorpholine 10 mg, 1.0 ⁇ 10-5 mol, manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.
- N-succinimidyl 3-maleimidepropionate 8.0 mg, 3.0 ⁇ 10-5 mol, Osaka synthesis
- the reaction solution is diluted with ethyl acetate (50 g) containing 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (BHT) (10 mg), and then hexane (25 g) is added to bring the mixture to room temperature. The mixture was stirred for 15 minutes to precipitate the product. After suction filtration using a 5A filter paper to collect the precipitate, it was washed with hexane (25 g) containing BHT (5 mg), suction filtered using a 5A filter paper, vacuum dried, and the above compound (p4) ( MA ). -E (FG-200ME) 2 ) was obtained. Yield 137 mg. The molecular weights are shown in Table 1. The maleimide purity was 90% ( 1 1 H-NMR).
- a saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution (10 g) was added, and the mixture was washed by stirring at room temperature for 15 minutes. After separating the aqueous layer and the organic layer, a saturated aqueous sodium hydrogen carbonate solution (10 g) was added to the organic layer again, and the mixture was washed by stirring at room temperature for 15 minutes to recover the organic layer.
- Magnesium sulfate (1.2 g) was added to the obtained organic layer (chloroform solution), stirred for 30 minutes to dehydrate, and then suction filtration was performed using a Kiriyama rotor with Oplite spread on a 5A filter paper. It was.
- the obtained filtrate is concentrated at 40 ° C., toluene (50 g) is added to the concentrate and stirred to be uniform, then hexane (25 g) is added, and the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes to produce the product. Was precipitated. After suction filtration using 5A filter paper to collect the precipitate, it was dissolved again in toluene (50 g), hexane (25 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes to precipitate the product.
- Example 3-1 The compound (p5) (500 mg, 1.3 ⁇ 10-5 mol) obtained in Example 3-1 was dissolved in dichloromethane (3.5 g). After that, di (N-succinimidyl) carbonate (51 mg, 2.0 ⁇ 10 -4 mol, manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) and pyridine (24 ⁇ L, 3.0 ⁇ 10 -4 mol, manufactured by Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) was added and reacted at room temperature in a nitrogen atmosphere for 8 hours. After completion of the reaction, wash the reaction solution with 5% saline solution, add magnesium sulfate (0.1 g), stir at 25 ° C. for 30 minutes, and then use a Kiriyama rotor with Oplite spread on 5A filter paper.
- di (N-succinimidyl) carbonate 51 mg, 2.0 ⁇ 10 -4 mol, manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.
- pyridine 24 ⁇ L, 3.0 ⁇ 10 -4 mol, manufactured by Kan
- Example 3-2 The compound (p6) (250 mg, 6.3 ⁇ 10-6 mol) obtained in Example 3-2 was dissolved in chloroform (2 g). Then, 1-amino-3,3-diethoxypropane (10 ⁇ L, 6.3 ⁇ 10-5 mol, manufactured by ACROS ORGANICS) was added, and the reaction was carried out at room temperature in a nitrogen atmosphere for 3 hours. After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was diluted with toluene (25 g), hexane (12.5 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes to precipitate the product.
- 1-amino-3,3-diethoxypropane 10 ⁇ L, 6.3 ⁇ 10-5 mol, manufactured by ACROS ORGANICS
- Example 3-3 The compound (p7) (150 mg, 3.8 ⁇ 10-6 mol) obtained in Example 3-3 was dissolved in a phosphate buffer solution (2.25 g) adjusted to pH 1.90, and a nitrogen atmosphere was obtained at room temperature. Reacted below for 3 hours. After the reaction, a 0.1N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (0.89 g) was added, the pH was adjusted to 6.40, and then sodium chloride (0.56 g) was added and dissolved. A 0.1 N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (0.60 g) was added dropwise to the obtained solution to adjust the pH to 7.06, and then chloroform (3 g) containing BHT (0.6 mg) was added at room temperature. The mixture was stirred for 20 minutes and the product was extracted into the organic layer.
- a phosphate buffer solution (2.25 g) adjusted to pH 1.90, and a nitrogen atmosphere was obtained at room temperature. Reacted below for 3 hours. After the reaction, a 0.1N aqueous sodium hydroxide solution (0.
- chloroform (3 g) containing BHT (0.6 mg) is added to the aqueous layer again, and the mixture is stirred at room temperature for 20 minutes to bring the product to the organic layer. Extracted.
- the organic layers obtained in the first and second extractions were combined and concentrated at 40 ° C., the obtained concentrate was diluted with toluene (30 g), hexane (15 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes to form. The thing was precipitated.
- Example 3-1 The compound (p5) (300 mg, 7.5 ⁇ 10-6 mol) obtained in Example 3-1 was dissolved in toluene (2.4 g) by heating at 30 ° C. and azeotropically dehydrated under reduced pressure. Then, the concentrate was dissolved in chloroform (2.4 g), N-hydroxyphthalimide (7.3 mg, 4.5 ⁇ 10-5 mol, manufactured by Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) and triphenylphosphine (35 mg, 1). .4 ⁇ 10 -4 mol, manufactured by Kanto Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- the concentrate After diluting the concentrate with toluene (3.0 g) and azeotropically boiling, the concentrate is dissolved in toluene (1.5 g), ethylenediamine monohydrate (24 ⁇ L, 3.0 ⁇ 10 -4 mol, Kanto Chemical Co., Ltd.) ) Was added, and the mixture was reacted at room temperature in a nitrogen atmosphere for 1 hour. After completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was diluted with toluene (50 g), hexane (25 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes to precipitate the product.
- the reaction solution was diluted with ethyl acetate (12 g), hexane (14 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes to precipitate the product.
- suction filtration using 5A filter paper to collect the precipitate it was dissolved again in ethyl acetate (27 g), hexane (14 g) was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes to precipitate the product.
- the precipitate was collected by suction filtration using a 5A filter paper, washed with hexane (30 g), suction filtered using a 5A filter paper, and vacuum dried to obtain the above compound (p17) ( LY-400BO ). .. Yield 2.7g.
- Example 7 Stability test in serum 1 mL of mouse or human serum was added to a 1.5 mL Eppendorf tube, and various polyethylene glycol derivatives were added to a concentration of 5.0 mg / mL. After incubation at 37 ° C. for 96 hours, 200 ⁇ L was sampled, acetonitrile was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred with vortex for 1 minute to precipitate proteins in serum, centrifuged, and the supernatant was recovered. Next, in order to remove hydrophobic substances such as fatty acids, hexane was added to the recovery liquid, the mixture was stirred with vortex for 1 minute, centrifuged, and the lower layer was recovered.
- the compounds (p3), (p13), and (p16) which are degradable polyethylene glycol derivatives are sera, like the compound (p18) which is a non-degradable polyethylene glycol derivative and methoxyPEGamine 40 kDa. No decomposition was observed inside. That is, it was shown that the degradable polyethylene glycol derivative is stable in blood.
- Example 8 Using 10 mL of RPMI-1640 (10% FBS Pn / St), a degradability test medium using cells , RAW264.7 was seeded in a 100 mm dish at 10 ⁇ 10 6 cells, cultured at 37 ° C. for 24 hours, and then various polyethylene glycols were used. The derivative was replaced with a medium dissolved to a concentration of 10 mg / mL, and cultured at 37 ° C. for 96 hours. After culturing, the cells are dissolved in 1% SDS solution, diluted with phosphate buffered saline (PBS), acetonitrile is added thereto, and the mixture is stirred with vortex for 1 minute to remove the protein in the cell lysate.
- PBS phosphate buffered saline
- the compounds (p3) and (p16), which are degradable polyethylene glycol derivatives can be effectively decomposed intracellularly (decomposition rate 99%) and decomposed to a molecular weight of 40,000 to 20,000. It could be confirmed. Further, it was confirmed that the compound (p13) was decomposed to a molecular weight of 40,000 to 10,000 at a decomposition rate of 99%. Since these degradable polyethylene glycol derivatives did not decompose in the medium used for cell culture, it was confirmed that they were specifically decomposed inside the cells. On the other hand, neither the compound (p18), which is a non-degradable polyethylene glycol derivative, nor the methoxyPEGamine 40 kDa were decomposed in cells.
- Example 9 Vacuolation evaluation molecular weight 40,000 which is degradable polyethylene glycol derivative is a compound having an amino group to the test terminal according to animal experiment (p3) and NH 2 -E (FG-200ME) 2, methoxy PEG amine is non-degradable Using 40 kDa, the formation of air cannons was evaluated by animal experiments.
- the mouse species was Balb / c (8 weeks old, male), and the polyethylene glycol solution was prepared by using physiological saline to a concentration of 100 mg / mL of the polyethylene glycol derivative, and 20 ⁇ L was administered from the tail vein of the mouse.
- mice were perfused and fixed with a 4% paraformaldehyde aqueous solution to prepare paraffin sections.
- HE staining and immunostaining with anti-PEG antibody were performed to evaluate vacuolization in choroid plexus epithelial cells of the brain.
- an immunostaining kit (BOND Refine Polymer Detection Kit, manufactured by Leica) and an anti-PEG antibody (B-47 antibody, manufactured by Abcam) were used.
- An image of the choroid plexus sections of brain that were immunostained with anti-PEG antibodies are shown in FIG. 5 (methoxy PEG amine 40 kDa) and FIG.
- NH 2 -E (FG- 200ME) 2 is an exploded polyethylene glycol, as compared to the methoxy PEG amine 40 kDa, significantly inhibited the formation of vacuoles.
- the amount of polyethylene glycol administered in this example is an amount optimized for evaluating vacuoling, and is extremely large compared to the dose of polyethylene glycol generally used in the art.
- Example 10 Animal experiments polyethylene glycol stimulable evaluation test terminal is an exploded polyethylene glycol derivative having a molecular weight of 40,000 having an amino group compounds according the (p3) NH 2 -E (FG -200ME) 2, is a non-degradable Using 20 kDa of methoxyPEGamine, 40 kDa of methoxyPEGamine, and PBS as a control, the accumulation of polyethylene glycol was evaluated by animal experiments.
- the mouse species was Balb / c (8 weeks old, male), and the polyethylene glycol solution was prepared by using physiological saline to a concentration of 62.5 mg / mL of the polyethylene glycol derivative, and 100 ⁇ L was administered from the tail vein of the mouse. ..
- mice were perfused and fixed with a 4% paraformaldehyde aqueous solution to prepare paraffin sections.
- Immunostaining with an anti-PEG antibody was performed to evaluate the accumulation in choroid plexus epithelial cells of the brain. Images of the choroid plexus sections of each immunostained brain are shown in FIG. According to FIG. 7, choroid plexus sections of mice administered with PBS containing no polyethylene glycol are not stained, whereas non-degradable methoxyPEGamine 40 kDa stains a wide range of sections in brown. confirmed. This stained area indicates that PEG is accumulated.
- NH 2 -E (FG-200ME) 2 is an exploded polyethylene glycol, less stained portion brown, molecular weight showed comparable accumulation and half of methoxy PEG amine 20 kDa.
- the degradable polyethylene glycol significantly suppressed the accumulation of polyethylene glycol in the tissue as compared with the non-degradable methoxyPEGamine 40 kDa having the same molecular weight.
- the amount of polyethylene glycol administered in this example is an amount optimized for evaluating the accumulation property, and is extremely large as compared with the dose of polyethylene glycol generally used in the art.
- the mouse species is Balb / c (8 weeks old, male), and the polyethylene glycol solution is prepared by preparing an unlabeled polyethylene glycol derivative using physiological saline to a concentration of 10 mg / mL and labeling it with a radioisotope. A small amount of the modified polyethylene glycol derivative was added, and 100 ⁇ L was administered from the tail vein of the mouse. Then, blood and each organ were taken out from the mouse at 1, 3, 6, 24, 48, and 72 hours, and the retention amount of the labeled polyethylene glycol derivative was measured using a gamma counter.
- the blood concentration is shown in FIG.
- NH 2 -E (FG- 200ME) 2 compared to the 2-branched PEG amine 40kDa nondegradable a same molecular weight, showed serum half-life comparable.
- NH 2 -E (FG-200ME ) 2 compared to non-degradable 2 branched PEG amine 20kDa molecular weight 20kDa, was significantly longer blood half-life.
- the degradable polyethylene glycol derivative of the present invention is a high molecular weight polyethylene glycol derivative that does not cause cell vacuoles, can be effectively used for modifying biological substances, and is stable in blood in the living body. Yes and is degraded intracellularly.
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Abstract
Description
[1]下式(1):
[2]Wのグルタミン酸を中心とした対称構造のオリゴペプチドが、以下のw1、w2またはw3の構造を有するオリゴペプチドである[1]記載の分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体。
[3]Zの分解性オリゴペプチドが、C末端のアミノ酸としてグリシンを有するオリゴペプチドである[2]記載の分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体。
[4]Zの分解性オリゴペプチドが、ハイドロパシー指標が2.5以上である疎水性の中性アミノ酸を少なくとも1つ有するオリゴペプチドである[2]または[3]のいずれかに記載の分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体。
[5]総分子量が20,000以上である[1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体。
[6]L1がカルボニル基、ウレタン結合、アミド結合、エーテル結合、チオエーテル結合、2級アミノ基、またはウレア結合;またはこれらの結合および/または基を含んでいてもよいアルキレン基である[1]~[5]のいずれかに記載の分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体。
[7]L2がアルキレン基;またはカルボニル基、ウレタン結合、アミド結合、エーテル結合、チオエーテル結合、2級アミノ基、およびウレア結合から選択される少なくとも一つの結合および/または基を含むアルキレン基である[1]~[6]のいずれかに記載の分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体。
[8]Xが活性エステル基、活性カーボネート基、アルデヒド基、イソシアネート基、イソチオシアネート基、エポキシド基、マレイミド基、置換マレイミド基、ビニルスルホニル基、アクリル基、置換スルホネート基、スルホニルオキシ基、カルボキシル基、メルカプト基、ピリジルジチオ基、α-ハロアセチル基、アルキルカルボニル基、ヨードアセトアミド基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、置換アルキニル基、アミノ基、オキシアミノ基、ヒドラジド基およびアジド基からなる群より選択される、[1]~[7]のいずれかに記載の分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体。
ポリエチレングリコールによる細胞の空胞化は、ポリエチレングリコールの分子量が大きいほど発生する可能性が高くなるため、分解性ポリエチレングリコールは、細胞内でより小さい分子量に分解される分子設計が望ましい。しかし、分子量の小さいポリエチレングリコールを分解性オリゴペプチドで逐次的に繋ぎ合わせて高分子量の分解性ポリエチレングリコールを製造する場合、工程数が多くなる。また、2種類の異なる官能基を有したポリエチレングリコールを原料にする必要があり、副生する不純物も複雑になるため工業的な生産には不向きである。一方で、本発明の分岐型分解性ポリエチレングリコールは、安価で容易に入手可能なメトキシポリエチレングリコール誘導体を原料とし、それに分解性オリゴペプチドを結合させ、その後、グルタミン酸誘導体との反応で一度に2本のポリエチレングリコール鎖を構造に導入できることから、その製造において大きく工程数を削減することが可能である。また、オリゴペプチドのC末端のアミノ酸としてグリシンを用いることで、製造工程中で発生する不純物を低減させることができ、それにより、本発明の分岐型分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体を工業的に製造することが可能となる。
本発明に係る分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体は、下式(1)で示される。
また、L2は、好ましくはアルキレン基;またはアミド結合、エーテル結合、チオエーテル結合、ウレタン結合、2級アミノ基、カルボニル基、およびウレア結合から選択される少なくとも一つの結合および/または基を含むアルキレン基である。L2は、ポリエチレングリコールの繰り返しユニットに炭素原子で結合しているものが好ましい。
L1およびL2の特に好ましい態様は、下記の群(I)に示されるものである。また、群(I)のスペーサーを2つから5つ組み合わせても良い。2価のスペーサーとしてエステル結合とカーボネート結合は生体内の血中で徐々に分解するため適さない。
式(1)中のL2としては、群(I)の(z1)、(z2)、(z3)、(z4)、(z5)、(z6)、(z7)、(z8)または(z11)で示される基が好ましく、(z3)、(z5)または(z11)で示される基がより好ましい。
この不純物は通常の抽出や晶析などの精製工程で除去することは難しいため、純度よく目的物を得るためには、側鎖にアミノ基やカルボキシル基を持たないアミノ酸からなるオリゴペプチドを用いることが望ましい。Zを構成するアミノ酸は、α-アミノ酸であり、また基本的にはL型である。
具体的には、活性エステル基、活性カーボネート基、アルデヒド基、イソシアネート基、イソチオシアネート基、エポキシド基、カルボキシル基、メルカプト基、マレイミド基、置換マレイミド基、ヒドラジド基、ピリジルジチオ基、置換スルホネート基、ビニルスルホニル基、アミノ基、オキシアミノ基(H2N-O-基)、ヨードアセトアミド基、アルキルカルボニル基、アルケニル基(例えば、アリル基、ビニル基)、アルキニル基、置換アルキニル基(例えば、後記の炭素数1~5の炭化水素基で置換されたアルキニル基)、アジド基、アクリル基、スルホニルオキシ基(例えば、アルキルスルホニルオキシ基)、α-ハロアセチル基などが挙げられ、好ましくは、活性エステル基、活性カーボネート基、アルデヒド基、イソシアネート基、イソチオシアネート基、エポキシド基、マレイミド基、置換マレイミド基、ビニルスルホニル基、アクリル基、スルホニルオキシ基(例えば、炭素数1~5のアルキル-スルホニルオキシ基)、置換スルホネート基、カルボキシル基、メルカプト基、ピリジルジチオ基、α-ハロアセチル基、アルキニル基、置換アルキニル基(例えば、後記の炭素数1~5の炭化水素基で置換された炭素数2~5のアルキニル基)、アリル基、ビニル基、アミノ基、オキシアミノ基、ヒドラジド基およびアジド基であり、より好ましくは活性エステル基、活性カーボネート基、アルデヒド基、マレイミド基、オキシアミノ基およびアミノ基であり、特に好ましくはアルデヒド基、マレイミド基およびオキシアミノ基である。
下記の (a)、(b)、(c)、(d)、(e)、(f)、(g)、(j)、または(k)で示される基が挙げられる。
下記の(a)、(b)、(c)、(d)、(e)、(f)、(g)、(h)、(i)、(j)、(k)、または(l)で示される基が挙げられる。
下記の(h)、(m)、(n)、または(p)で示される基が挙げられる。
下記の(h)、(m)、(n)、または(p)で示される基が挙げられる。
下記の(h)、(m)、または(o)で示される基が挙げられる。
下記の(l)で示される基が挙げられる。
オリゴペプチドのN末端のアミノ基の保護基は、特に制限は無いが、例えばアシル系保護基およびカーバメート系保護基が挙げられ、具体的にはトリフルオロアセチル基、9-フルオレニルメチルオキシカルボニル基(Fmoc)、tert-ブチルオキシカルボニル基などが挙げられる。
縮合反応としては、特に制限は無いが、縮合剤を用いる反応が望ましい。縮合剤としては、ジシクロヘキシルカルボジイミド(DCC)、1-エチル-3-(3-ジメチルアミノプロピル)カルボジイミド塩酸塩(EDC)などのカルボジイミド系の縮合剤を単独で使用しても良く、N-ヒドロキシスクシンイミド(NHS)、1-ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール(HOBt)、1-ヒドロキシ-7-アザベンゾトリアゾール(HOAt)などの試薬と併用しても良い。また、より反応性の高いHATUやHBTU、TATU,TBTU、COMU、4-(4,6-ジメトキシ-1,3,5-トリアジン-2-イル)-4-メチルモルホリニウムクロリドn水和物(DMT-MM)などの縮合剤を使用しても良い。また反応を促進するため、トリエチルアミンやジメチルアミノピリジンなどの塩基を用いても良い。
反応で副生した不純物、または反応で消費されず残存したオリゴペプチドや縮合剤などは、精製除去を行うのが好ましい。精製は、特に制限されないが、抽出、再結晶、吸着処理、再沈殿、カラムクロマトグラフィー、超臨界抽出などで精製することができる。
脱保護反応で副生した不純物などは、精製除去を行うのが好ましい。精製は、特に制限されないが、抽出、再結晶、吸着処理、再沈殿、カラムクロマトグラフィー、超臨界抽出などで精製することができる。
前記反応Aと同様に、縮合剤を用いた反応が望ましく、反応を促進するため、トリエチルアミンやジメチルアミノピリジンなどの塩基を用いても良い。
グルタミン酸のアミノ基の保護基は、特に制限は無いが、例えばアシル系保護基およびカーバメート系保護基が挙げられ、具体的にはトリフルオロアセチル基、9-フルオレニルメチルオキシカルボニル基(Fmoc)、tert-ブチルオキシカルボニル基などが挙げられる。
反応で副生した不純物、または反応で消費されず残存したポリエチレングリコール誘導体などは、精製除去を行うのが好ましい。精製は、特に制限されないが、抽出、再結晶、吸着処理、再沈殿、カラムクロマトグラフィー、超臨界抽出などで精製することができる。
脱保護反応で副生した不純物などは、精製除去を行うのが好ましい。精製は、特に制限されないが、抽出、再結晶、吸着処理、再沈殿、カラムクロマトグラフィー、超臨界抽出などで精製することができる。
前記反応Cと同条件で反応と精製が可能である。
ポリエチレングリコール誘導体(5)の中から、分子量や官能基の異なるポリエチレングリコール不純物を除去する手法としては、特開2014-208786号公報、または特開2011-79934号公報に記載の精製技術を用いることができる。
前記反応Cと同条件で反応と精製が可能である。
なお、これらの評価においてポリエチレングリコール誘導体が有する官能基の種類による影響を考慮し、評価試料はすべて、アミノ基を1つ有したポリエチレングリコール誘導体に統一して試験を実施した。
分解率 = (試験前のピーク面積% - 試験後のピーク面積%) ÷ 試験前のピーク面積% × 100
例えば、安定性試験前の分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体のGPCメインフラクションのピーク面積%が95%であり、試験後のGPCメインフラクションのピーク面積%が90%だったとすると、分解率は以下のように算出される。
分解率 = (95-90)÷95×100 = 5.26(%)
分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体は、血中で分解してしまうと、目的とする血中半減期を得ることができないため、安定性試験において、96時間後の分解率は、10%以下が好ましく、5%以下がさらに好ましい。
例えば、細胞を用いた分解性試験前の分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体のGPCメインフラクションのピーク面積%が95%であり、試験後のGPCメインフラクションのピーク面積%が5%だったとすると、分解率は以下のように算出される。
分解率 = (95-5)÷95×100 = 94.7(%)
分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体は、細胞内で効率よく分解されないと、目的とする細胞の空胞を抑制できないため、分解性試験において、96時間後の分解率は、90%以上が好ましく、95%以上がさらに好ましい。
ポリエチレングリコール誘導体に導入した分解性ペプチドは、ポリエチレングリコールに細胞内での分解性を付与するが、そのペプチド構造によってポリエチレングリコールの体内動態を変化させる可能性が考えられる。そこで、導入したペプチド構造の体内動態への影響を確認するため、血中半減期および、その体内分布について、分解性を持たない同分子量のポリエチレングリコール誘導体と比較する必要がある。具体的には、放射性同位体でラベル化した分解性を持たないポリエチレングリコール誘導体と、分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体を、マウスに投与し、複数のタイムポイントで、血液、各臓器の放射線量を測定し、定量測定を行うことができる。
具体的には、ポリエチレングリコール誘導体を10~250mg/mLの濃度になるように生理食塩水に溶解し、マウス尾静脈より週3回、4週間以上、20~100μL投与を続け、空胞が発生しやすいといわれている器官である脳脈絡叢や脾臓などのパラフィン切片を作製して染色後、切片画像を病理学的手法により確認し、空胞抑制の評価を行うことができる。
なお、本評価においてポリエチレングリコールの投与量は、当該技術分野における一般的なポリエチレングリコールの投与量と比べ、大過剰のポリエチレングリコールを投与する必要がある。
なお、本評価においてポリエチレングリコールの投与量は、当該技術分野における一般的なポリエチレングリコールの投与量と比べ、大過剰のポリエチレングリコールを投与する必要がある。
GPC分析(分子量測定)
標準ポリマー:分子量が、8,000、20,000、50,000および100,000のポリエチレングリコールを標準ポリマーとして使用してGPC分析による分子量測定を行った。
検出器:示差屈折計
カラム:ultrahydrogel500およびultrahydrogel250(WATERS製)
移動相:100mM Acetate buffer+0.02%NaN3(pH5.2)
流速:0.5mL/min
サンプル量:5mg/mL、20μL
カラム温度:30℃
HPLC分析(アミン純度測定)
検出器:示差屈折計
カラム:TSKgel SP-5PW(東ソー(株)製)
移動相:1mM Sodium phosphate buffer(pH6.5)
流速:0.5mL/min
注入量:5mg/mL、20μL
カラム温度:40℃
化合物(p3)(NH 2 ―E(FG-200ME) 2 )の合成
化合物(p4)(MA―E(FG-200ME) 2 )の合成
化合物(p8)(AL―E(FG-200ME) 2 )の合成
化合物(p5)(HO―E(FG-200ME) 2 )の合成
化合物(p6)(SC―E(FG-200ME) 2 )の合成
化合物(p7)(DE―E(FG-200ME) 2 )の合成
化合物(p8)(AL―E(FG-200ME) 2 )の合成
化合物(p9)(NH 2 O―E(FG-200ME) 2 )の合成
化合物(p13)(NH 2 ―E{E(FG-100ME) 2 } 2 )の合成
化合物(p10)(ME-100GF-Fmoc)の合成
化合物(p11)(ME-100GF-NH 2 )の合成
化合物(p12)(NH 2 ―E(FG-100ME) 2 )の合成
化合物(p13)(NH 2 ―E{E(FG-100ME) 2 } 2 )の合成
化合物(p14)(ME-200GLFG-Fmoc)の合成
化合物(p15)(ME-200GLFG-NH 2 )の合成
化合物(p16)(NH 2 ―E(GFLG-200ME) 2 )の合成
化合物(p17)(LY―400BO)の合成
化合物(p18)(LY-400NH 2 )の合成
血清中での安定性試験
1.5mLのエッペンドルフチューブに、マウスまたはヒト血清1mLを加え、各種ポリエチレングリコール誘導体を5.0mg/mLの濃度になるように添加した。37℃で96時間インキュベ-ション後、200μLをサンプリングし、そこにアセトニトリルを添加し、ボルテックスにて1分間撹拌し、血清中のたんぱく質を析出させ、遠心分離後、上清を回収した。次に脂肪酸などの疎水性物質を除去するため、回収液にヘキサンを添加し、ボルテックスにて1分間撹拌し、遠心分離後、下層を回収した。この溶液を真空条件にて濃縮し、血清中からポリエチレングリコール誘導体の回収を行った。その後、GPC分析を行い、分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体の分解率を算出した。
分解率は以下の式にて算出した。
分解率 = (試験前の40kDaのピーク面積% - 試験後の40kDaのピーク面積%) ÷ (試験前の40kDaのピーク面積%) × 100
結果を以下の表2に示す。
細胞を用いた分解性試験
培地RPMI-1640(10%FBS Pn/St)10mLを用いて、100mmディッシュにRAW264.7を10×106cell播種し、37℃で24時間培養後、各種ポリエチレングリコール誘導体を10mg/mLの濃度になるよう溶解した培地に交換し、37℃で96時間培養した。培養後、細胞を1%SDS溶液にて溶解し、リン酸緩衝生理食塩水(PBS)にて希釈し、そこにアセトニトリルを添加し、ボルテックスにて1分間撹拌し、細胞溶解液中のたんぱく質を析出させ、遠心分離後、上清を回収した。次に脂肪酸などの疎水性物質を除去するため、回収液にヘキサンを添加し、ボルテックスにて1分間撹拌し、遠心分離後、下層を回収した。この溶液を真空条件にて濃縮し、細胞内からポリエチレングリコール誘導体の回収を行った。
また、細胞培養に使用した培地中での分解を確認するため、各種ポリエチレングリコール誘導体を10mg/mLの濃度になるよう溶解した培地のみで37℃で96時間培養し、上記と同操作にてポリエチレングリコール誘導体の回収を行った。
その後、回収した各種ポリエチレングリコール誘導体のGPC分析を行い、実施例7と同じ計算式にて分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体の分解率を算出した。
結果を以下の表3に示す。また、化合物(p3)、(p13)の細胞実験の前後のGPCチャートをそれぞれ図1と図2、および図3と図4に示す。
動物実験による空胞形成評価試験
末端にアミノ基を有する分子量4万である分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体である化合物(p3)NH2―E(FG-200ME)2と、非分解性であるメトキシPEGアミン40kDaを用いて、動物実験による空砲形成評価を行った。マウス種はBalb/c(8週齢、雄)、ポリエチレングリコール溶液は、生理食塩水を用いてポリエチレングリコール誘導体を100mg/mLの濃度になるように調製し、マウス尾静脈より20μL投与した。週3回、4週間連続投与を続け、投与終了後、マウスを4%パラホルムアルデヒド水溶液で灌流固定し、パラフィン切片を作製した。HE染色、および抗PEG抗体による免疫染色を行い、脳の脈絡叢上皮細胞における空胞形成を評価した。免疫染色としては、免疫染色キット(BOND Refine Polymer Detection Kit、ライカ社製)と抗PEG抗体(B-47抗体、アブカム社製)を用いて実施した。抗PEG抗体による免疫染色を行った脳の脈絡叢切片の画像を図5(メトキシPEGアミン40kDa)と図6(NH2―E(FG-200ME)2)に示す。
その結果、分解性ポリエチレングリコールであるNH2―E(FG-200ME)2は、メトキシPEGアミン40kDaに比べ、有意に空胞の形成を抑制した。
なお、本実施例において投与したポリエチレングリコールの量は、あくまで空胞化を評価するために最適化した量であり、当該技術分野における一般的なポリエチレングリコールの投与量と比べ、極めて多量である。
動物実験によるポリエチレングリコールの蓄積性評価試験
末端にアミノ基を有した分子量4万である分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体である化合物(p3)NH2―E(FG-200ME)2と、非分解性であるメトキシPEGアミン20kDa、メトキシPEGアミン40kDa、およびコントロールであるPBSを用いて、動物実験によるポリエチレングリコールの蓄積性評価を行った。マウス種はBalb/c(8週齢、雄)、ポリエチレングリコール溶液は、生理食塩水を用いてポリエチレングリコール誘導体を62.5mg/mLの濃度になるように調製し、マウス尾静脈より100μL投与した。週3回、4週間連続投与を続け、投与終了後、マウスを4%パラホルムアルデヒド水溶液で灌流固定し、パラフィン切片を作製した。抗PEG抗体による免疫染色を行い、脳の脈絡叢上皮細胞における蓄積性を評価した。免疫染色を行ったそれぞれの脳の脈絡叢切片の画像を図7に示す。
図7によれば、ポリエチレングリコールが含まれないPBSを投与したマウスの脈絡叢切片では染色されないのに対し、非分解性であるメトキシPEGアミン40kDaでは、切片の広範囲で茶色に染色されることが確認された。この染色部分はPEGが蓄積していることを示す。一方、分解性ポリエチレングリコールであるNH2―E(FG-200ME)2の切片においては、茶色に染色された部分が少なく、分子量が半分のメトキシPEGアミン20kDaと同等の蓄積を示した。結果として、分解性ポリエチレングリコールは、その分解性により、同分子量の非分解性であるメトキシPEGアミン40kDaに比べ、有意に組織へのポリエチレングリコールの蓄積を抑制した。
なお、本実施例において投与したポリエチレングリコールの量は、あくまで蓄積性を評価するために最適化した量であり、当該技術分野における一般的なポリエチレングリコールの投与量と比べ、極めて多量である。
動物実験による体内動態試験(放射性同位体)
末端にアミノ基を有した分子量4万である分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体であるNH2―E(FG-200ME)2と、非分解性である2分岐型PEGアミン40kDa(平均分子量=約42,000、日油株式会社製「SUNBRIGHT GL2-400PA」)と、非分解性である2分岐型PEGアミン20kDa(平均分子量=約20,000、日油株式会社製「SUNBRIGHT GL2-200PA」)を、それぞれ10mg/mLの濃度になるように50mM炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液に溶解し、そこにBolton-Hunter試薬(0.4625MBq)を添加し、ボルテックスにて撹拌後、室温で一晩反応させた。反応溶液をPD-10カラムにて分画し、各フラクションをポリエチレングリコール呈色試薬(チオシアン酸アンモニウムと硝酸コバルト)とガンマカウンターを用いて、125Iの含まれるフラクションを確認し、回収した。
得られた放射性同位体をラベル化したポリエチレングリコール誘導体を用いて、体内動態を動物実験にて評価した。マウス種はBalb/c(8週齢、雄)、ポリエチレングリコール溶液は、生理食塩水を用いてラベル化していないポリエチレングリコール誘導体を10mg/mLの濃度になるように調製し、放射性同位体をラベル化したポリエチレングリコール誘導体を微量添加し、マウス尾静脈より100μL投与した。その後、1、3、6、24、48、72時間でマウスから血液、各臓器を取り出し、ガンマカウンターを用いてラベル化したポリエチレングリコール誘導体の滞留量を測定した。
放射性同位体をラベル化した分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体であるNH2―E(FG-200ME)2と非分解性のポリエチレングリコール誘導体である2分岐型PEGアミン40kDa及び2分岐型PEGアミン20kDaの体内動態試験の結果として、図8に血中濃度を示す。
図8によれば、NH2―E(FG-200ME)2は、同分子量である非分解性の2分岐型PEGアミン40kDaと比較して、同程度の血中半減期を示した。一方で、NH2―E(FG-200ME)2は、分子量20kDaの非分解性の2分岐型PEGアミン20kDaと比較して、有意に長い血中半減期を示した。
Claims (8)
- Zの分解性オリゴペプチドが、C末端のアミノ酸としてグリシンを有するオリゴペプチドである請求項2に記載の分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体。
- Zの分解性オリゴペプチドが、ハイドロパシー指標が2.5以上である疎水性の中性アミノ酸を少なくとも1つ有するオリゴペプチドである請求項2または3に記載の分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体。
- 総分子量が20,000以上である請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体。
- L1がカルボニル基、ウレタン結合、アミド結合、エーテル結合、チオエーテル結合、2級アミノ基、またはウレア結合;またはこれらの結合および/または基を含んでいてもよいアルキレン基である請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体。
- L2がアルキレン基;またはカルボニル基、ウレタン結合、アミド結合、エーテル結合、チオエーテル結合、2級アミノ基、およびウレア結合から選択される少なくとも一つの結合および/または基を含むアルキレン基である請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載の分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体。
- Xが活性エステル基、活性カーボネート基、アルデヒド基、イソシアネート基、イソチオシアネート基、エポキシド基、マレイミド基、置換マレイミド基、ビニルスルホニル基、アクリル基、置換スルホネート基、スルホニルオキシ基、カルボキシル基、メルカプト基、ピリジルジチオ基、α-ハロアセチル基、アルキルカルボニル基、ヨードアセトアミド基、アルケニル基、アルキニル基、置換アルキニル基、アミノ基、オキシアミノ基、ヒドラジド基およびアジド基からなる群より選択される請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載の分解性ポリエチレングリコール誘導体。
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CA3135346A CA3135346A1 (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2020-03-26 | Branched and degradable polyethylene glycol derivative |
KR1020217035219A KR20210148245A (ko) | 2019-03-29 | 2020-03-26 | 분기형 분해성 폴리에틸렌 글리콜 유도체 |
US17/599,163 US20220153992A1 (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2020-03-26 | Branched and degradable polyethylene glycol derivative |
CN202080026503.XA CN113677736B (zh) | 2019-03-29 | 2020-03-26 | 分支型分解性聚乙二醇衍生物 |
EP20781870.9A EP3950776A4 (en) | 2019-03-29 | 2020-03-26 | BRANCHED AND DEGRADABLE POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL DERIVATIVE |
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EP (1) | EP3950776A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP7411188B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20210148245A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN113677736B (ja) |
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EP4036150A4 (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2023-12-27 | NOF Corporation | ASYMMETRICALLY BRANCHED DEGRADABLE POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL DERIVATIVE |
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EP4036150A4 (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2023-12-27 | NOF Corporation | ASYMMETRICALLY BRANCHED DEGRADABLE POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL DERIVATIVE |
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US20220153992A1 (en) | 2022-05-19 |
JP2020164855A (ja) | 2020-10-08 |
EP3950776A4 (en) | 2023-01-04 |
KR20210148245A (ko) | 2021-12-07 |
CA3135346A1 (en) | 2020-10-08 |
EP3950776A1 (en) | 2022-02-09 |
JP7411188B2 (ja) | 2024-01-11 |
CN113677736A (zh) | 2021-11-19 |
CN113677736B (zh) | 2024-08-02 |
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