WO2020199530A1

WO2020199530A1 - Preservation treatment process for animal edible insects

Info

Publication number: WO2020199530A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/107865
Authority: WO
Inventors: 魏海波; 刘齐军; 魏海平; 林建溪
Original assignee: 湖南省海昆农业科技有限公司
Priority date: 2019-04-04
Filing date: 2019-09-25
Publication date: 2020-10-08
Also published as: CN109965154A

Abstract

A preservation treatment process for animal edible insects, comprising the following steps: cleaning living insects, and performing disinfection and sterilization for the first time; killing the insects, and fixing insect proteins; draining the surfaces of the insects, and performing disinfection and sterilization for the second time; aseptically packaging using aluminum foil bags or sealed bags; performing disinfection and sterilization for the third time; and after the processing is completed, performing sudden cooling, and preserving the original colors of the insects at -20ºC. The treatment process does not damage the appearances of the insects and guarantees the preservation of the original colors of the insects, the sterility of the insects is ensured by means of sterilization for multiple times to avoid infections in animals, the nutrition is not damaged, strong animal palatability is achieved, and convenient transportation and storage are implemented.

Description

Preservation treatment process for animal edible insects

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of light industrial animal food, relates to insect preservation packaging treatment technology, and is specifically a preservation treatment process for animal edible insects.

Background technique

Insects have the characteristics of high protein content, less protein fiber, easy absorption of nutrients by the human body, short reproductive generation, high reproductive index, suitable for factory production, rich resources, etc., and become an ideal food resource to be developed urgently. Civil edible insects have existed since the emergence of human beings. The use of insects as delicious food has already begun in many countries and regions in the world, and each has its own unique edible types, methods and customs.

In addition, insects, as animal feed, are popular among all kinds of omnivorous and carnivorous animals; among them, high ornamental fish, reptiles, and bird animals are more common for insect consumption, such as dragon fish, frogs, snakes, and turtles. , Lizards, parrots, rodents, etc.

At present, the insects on the market are mainly frozen and stored, for example, silkworm chrysalis, grasshoppers, yellow mealworms, barley insects, crickets, cockroaches. Freezing storage consumes energy and has a short shelf life, which is contrary to current energy conservation and transportation and storage are restricted. It is inconvenient for users to feed.

In addition, due to the inactivation of insects during the transportation process, even if a relatively strict cold chain transportation is adopted, there is inevitably the possibility of deterioration, and the corruption rate is very high; in addition, the color and appearance of the frozen insects It will be easier to change. For some picky eaters, insects have poor palatability, which is not enough to cause the animals' desire to eat, and it is difficult to use them as feed.

In insects, yellow mealworms are also called breadworms. They belong to the order Coleoptera, Paediaceae, and Meal Beetles (Paedias) in insect taxonomy. Tenebrio molitor was originally produced in North America. It was introduced from the Soviet Union and raised in China in the 1950s. Its dry product contains 30% fat and up to 50% protein. In addition, it also contains phosphorus, potassium, iron, sodium, aluminum and other macro elements and various trace elements. . Because the yellow mealworm contains high protein, fat, carbohydrate nutrients, juicy, soft body, strong vitality, and easy to feed, it is selected as a good feed by the national zoo and local farms.

Our company’s first application for invention patent, patent name: Tenebrio molitor treatment process based on aluminum foil bag packaging, application number: CN201510848790.3, application date: 2015.11.27, publication date: 2016.03.09, the invention discloses a method based on Treatment process of yellow mealworm in aluminum foil bag. The technical solution of the invention is that the yellow mealworms are processed by the following steps and compressed and packaged in aluminum foil bags. The treatment is: washing the live yellow mealworms with water at room temperature, killing the live insects and sterilizing the surface, putting in ozone water, and removing it to dry at room temperature. Dry it and pack it by vacuum compression in an aluminum foil bag, perform secondary sterilization, and cool to complete the packaging. Compared with the existing packaging and transportation, the packaging process of the present invention enables the yellow mealworm to have long-term freshness and nutrition during transportation and storage, and it is also compared with sealed cans or fresh-keeping box packaging after disinfection and preservation. In this way, the packaging process cost is lower, and it is convenient for large-scale application to meet the needs of farmers for yellow mealworms.

The above patent application technology can meet the requirements of safe and sterile insect preservation, easy digestion, convenient transportation, no additives, convenient storage, and no nutrition damage in most cases; but there is the possibility of insect color change during processing And its processing methods need to be further improved.

In addition, after searching and discovering a processing technology for keeping fresh insects, the specific operation steps are as follows: (1) First wash the insects with water; (2) After the step (1) is cleaned, put it in 50-60℃ heat Steaming in water; (3) Take out the insects treated in step (2) to dry naturally; (4) Weigh the dried insects in step (3), add them to the aluminum foil bag, then vacuum and fill with nitrogen, and then heat and seal Sealing; (5) Step (4) is irradiated and sterilized again for storage. It can improve the freshness and shelf life of insects, and is convenient for storage at room temperature. The invention affirms that it can be promoted in actual use. After experimental research, the invention aims at its existing problems and innovates a new way for fresh-keeping packaging processing.

Through the above search, it is found that the above technical solutions cannot affect the novelty of the present invention; and the mutual combination of the above patent documents cannot destroy the inventiveness of the present invention.

technical problem

During the processing of existing preservation insects, there are insect color changes, which damage the appearance of insects, and the original colors of preservation insects will change. Moreover, insect carriers exist in a single sterilization method to cause animal infection; the existing conventional methods destroy insect nutrition, resulting in poor animal palatability, and Convenient transportation and storage.

Technical solutions

In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a fresh-keeping treatment process for animal edible insects, which is characterized by including the following steps:

S1. Insects are cleaned live, and disinfected once;

S2, insect inactivation, fix insect protein;

S3. Drain the surface of the insect and perform secondary disinfection and sterilization;

S4. Aseptic packaging, using aluminum foil bags or sealed bags;

S5. Perform the third disinfection and sterilization;

S6. After the processing is completed, perform quenching, at a temperature of -20°C, to ensure the freshness of the insect's original color.

Further, in step S1, use room temperature water to clean, and after cleansing, use 10±3° C. and 10% ozone water to soak for 3 minutes.

Further, in step S2, use 50-60°C warm water to soak for 5-10 minutes, or 100°C boiled water for 1-3 minutes, or use high-temperature steam injection for 1-3 minutes to immobilize the insect protein.

Further, in step S3, the insects are placed on the draining rack, and the surface is disinfected and sterilized by using a microwave while draining.

Furthermore, the insects are drained and disinfected on the movable draining rack by the tunnel microwave, and the draining and disinfecting operations are realized after passing the tunnel microwave.

Further, in step S4, an aluminum foil bag or a sealed bag is used for aseptic packaging, and the packaging bag is evacuated or filled with nitrogen.

Further, in step S5, after the packaging in the previous step is completed, a dose of 15 KGy is irradiated for sterilization, or high pressure sterilization is performed at 2-3 atmospheres.

Further, in step S5, in the case of vacuum aluminum foil bag packaging and no nitrogen filling, 121°C high temperature sterilization or 80°C microwave sterilization is optionally performed.

Further, between steps S3 and S4, an insect outer membrane coating is optionally performed, and the selected coating is a transparent component.

Further, in the insect outer membrane coating, the selected coating is chitosan, and the chitosan is processed by such insects.

Beneficial effect

The invention provides a fresh-keeping treatment process for animal edible insects, which does not damage the appearance of the insects, guarantees the preservation of the original colors of the insects, multiple sterilizations ensures the sterility of the insects, avoids animal infections, does not damage nutrition, has strong animal palatability and is convenient for transportation and storage.

1. The present invention uses multiple sterilization techniques and alternately uses multiple sterilization methods to simultaneously eliminate aerobic bacteria and anaerobic bacteria to ensure 100% sterility of the fresh-keeping insects in the package; one is to prevent insects from spoiling and prolonging The shelf life of fresh-keeping insects is stored at room temperature for up to 18-20 months, which greatly extends the shelf life; secondly, sterile insects also avoid the infection of animals or destroy the living environment of animals.

2. The tunnel-type draining and microwave sterilization method can sterilize anaerobic bacteria; use microwave to evaporate water and disinfect the surface at the same time when passing through the tunnel, which saves processing time and improves efficiency.

3. Perform rapid cooling after processing. At -20°C, ensure the original color of the fresh-keeping insects to avoid the color loss of the fresh-keeping insects during natural cooling in a hot environment to ensure the insect color and ensure that the animal recognizes the insect color.

4. Chitosan is specially used for coating. For places where the transportation is tortuous or the transportation environment is harsh, in order to avoid insect crushing, or to avoid insect fragmentation during processing, the insects can be coated with chitosan to ensure the integrity of the insects The use of chitosan extracted from the insect itself can avoid the influence of other additives on the mouthfeel of the insect.

Embodiments of the invention

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be described in detail below. The description in this section is only exemplary and explanatory, and should not have any limitation on the protection scope of the present invention.

实施例Example 11 ，以保鲜黄粉虫（面包虫）为例：, Take the fresh-keeping yellow mealworm (breadworm) as an example:

A fresh-keeping treatment process for animal edible insects is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

S1. Insects are cleaned live, and disinfected once;

S2, insect inactivation, fix insect protein;

S4. Aseptic packaging, using aluminum foil bags or sealed bags;

S5. Perform the third disinfection and sterilization;

Preferably, in step S1, the room temperature water is used to clean it, and after the cleaning, it is immersed in 10±3° C., 10% ozone water with a molar concentration of 10% for 3 minutes.

Preferably, in step S2, 50-60°C warm water is used to soak for 5 minutes to fix the insect protein.

In addition, experiments have shown that, in step S2, or boil in boiling water at 100°C for 1-3 minutes, the insect protein can also be immobilized. Generally, the boiling time should not exceed 3 minutes.

In addition, experiments have shown that, in step S2, high-temperature steam injection can also be used for 1-3 minutes to immobilize insect proteins. Generally, the high-temperature steam injection should not exceed 3 minutes.

Preferably, in step S3, the insects are placed on the draining rack, and microwaves are used for secondary surface disinfection and sterilization while draining.

Preferably, the insects are drained and sterilized by tunnel microwave on a movable draining rack, and the draining and sterilizing operations are realized after passing through the tunnel microwave.

Preferably, in step S4, an aluminum foil bag or a sealed bag is used for aseptic packaging, and the inside of the packaging bag is evacuated; in step S5, when a vacuum aluminum foil bag is used for packaging and no nitrogen is filled, 121°C is optional High temperature sterilization, or 80℃ microwave sterilization.

In addition, optionally, in step S4, an aluminum foil bag or a sealed bag is used for aseptic packaging, and the packaging bag is filled with nitrogen.

Preferably, in step S5, after the packaging in the previous step is completed, a dose of 15 KGy is irradiated for sterilization, or high pressure sterilization at 2-3 atmospheres is used.

Product characteristics: This product selects pure and fresh live Tenebrio molitor (breadworm), through the company's unique fresh-keeping technology, physical process sterilization, does not add any chemical substances, does not destroy the nutritional structure of the living body, and preserves most of the nutritional components of the living body , Safe and sanitary, shelf life is as long as 18-20 months at room temperature; Tenebrio molitor (breadworm) contains high protein, rich fat content, contains a variety of essential amino acids required by animals, and is rich in antibacterial peptides. , Can significantly improve its activity and increase its disease resistance. Tenebrio molitor has a high calcium content, and it is easy to digest and absorb after eating, and enhance physical fitness.

实施例Example 22 ，以保鲜蚂蚱为例：, Take the fresh-keeping grasshopper as an example:

S1. Insects are cleaned live, and disinfected once;

S2, insect inactivation, fix insect protein;

S4. Aseptic packaging, using aluminum foil bags or sealed bags;

S5. Perform the third disinfection and sterilization;

Preferably, in step S4, an aluminum foil bag or a sealed bag is used for aseptic packaging, and the inside of the packaging bag is evacuated; in step S5, when a vacuum aluminum foil bag is used for packaging and no nitrogen is filled, 121°C is optional High temperature sterilization.

Preferably, in step S5, after the packaging in the previous step is completed, a dose of 15 KGy is irradiated for sterilization.

Product features: fresh-keeping grasshoppers. First of all, it is a product, not a live feed. This product is made of pure fresh live grasshoppers, which are packaged in original flavor through our company's unique fresh-keeping technology and physical process sterilization treatment. Do not add any chemical substances, do not destroy the nutritional composition of the living body, preserve most of the nutritional components of the living body, safe and hygienic, each grasshopper (locust) contains up to 12.35mg/g of amino acid and lactine content, long-term feeding grasshoppers (locusts) ) It can improve the body's immunity of animals, improve the digestive function of animals, and promote the natural growth of animals, especially for long-term picky eaters and gastrointestinal indigestion animals.

实施例Example 33 ，以保鲜杜比亚蟑螂为例：Take the fresh-keeping Dubia cockroach as an example:

S1. Insects are cleaned live, and disinfected once;

S2, insect inactivation, fix insect protein;

S4. Aseptic packaging, using aluminum foil bags or sealed bags;

S5. Perform the third disinfection and sterilization;

Preferably, in step S1, the room temperature water is used for washing, and after washing, it is soaked in 10±3° C., with a molar concentration of 10% ozone water for 2 minutes.

Preferably, in step S2, 50-60°C warm water is used for 8 minutes to immobilize the insect protein.

In addition, as there are many places cockroaches abdomen soft folds of soft tissue prone to damage part of the abdomen to expose the fat, greasy, salted out after broken, very ugly, and product phase is not good, easy animal picky eaters, poor palatability. In the present invention, optionally in view of the damage phenomenon , between steps S3 and S4, an insect outer membrane coating is optionally performed, and the selected coating is a transparent component; in the insect outer membrane coating, the selected coating It is chitosan, and the chitosan is processed by such insects; thereby avoiding possible foreign substances to interfere with the taste.

Product features: Dubia cockroach is rich in amino acids and protein. The content of astaxanthin and astaxanthin is high, which is 3 to 5 times that of small fish and shrimp. It has no peculiar smell, good palatability, and the shell is easily digested and absorbed by animals. General bait approved by domestic and foreign aquarium enthusiasts. This product selects pure and fresh live Dubia cockroaches, through the company's unique fresh-keeping technology, physical process sterilization, no chemical substances are added, no nutritional structure of the living body is damaged, most of the nutritional content of the living body is preserved, safe and hygienic, at room temperature The shelf life is as long as 18-20 months, and storage and transportation are very convenient.

实施例Example 44 ，以保鲜蜈蚣为例, Take fresh centipede as an example ::

S1. Insects are cleaned live, and disinfected once;

S2, insect inactivation, fix insect protein;

S4. Aseptic packaging, using aluminum foil bags or sealed bags;

S5. Perform the third disinfection and sterilization;

Preferably, in step S1, the room temperature water is used to clean, and after cleaning, it is immersed in 10±3° C. ozone water with a molar concentration of 10% for 1 minute.

Preferably, in step S2, 50-60°C warm water is used to soak for 5-10 minutes to fix the insect protein.

Preferably, in step S4, an aluminum foil bag or a sealed bag is used for aseptic packaging, and the packaging bag is vacuumed; in step S5, a vacuum aluminum foil bag is used for packaging without nitrogen gas, and microwave sterilization is performed at 80°C.

Preferably, in step S5, after the previous step of packaging is completed, high pressure sterilization is performed at 2-3 atmospheres.

Product features: This product selects pure and fresh live oligospinous centipedes, through our company’s unique fresh-keeping technology, physical process sterilization, no chemical substances are added, and the nutritional structure of the living body is not destroyed, and most of the nutritional components of the living body are preserved and safe Hygiene, the shelf life is as long as 18-20 months at room temperature; the centipede has 21 kinds of amino acids, 12 kinds of trace elements, and the protein content is up to 64%. The 14 color bands in the body color the ornamental fish (especially arowana). Important role, can improve the ornamental value of fish.

实施例Example 5,5, 以保鲜大麦虫为例Take the fresh-keeping barley bug as an example ::

S1. Insects are cleaned live, and disinfected once;

S2, insect inactivation, fix insect protein;

S4. Aseptic packaging, using aluminum foil bags or sealed bags;

S5. Perform the third disinfection and sterilization;

Preferably, in step S1, the room temperature water is used to clean, and after cleaning, it is soaked in 10±3° C., 10% ozone water with a molar concentration of 10% for 3 minutes.

Product features: Barley insects are rich in protein and fat, contain a variety of sugars, amino acids, vitamins, enzymes, and minerals phosphorus, iron, potassium, sodium, calcium, etc., are honored as "the king of protein", and regular feeding can promote Animals grow naturally, which obviously improves their immunity. This product selects pure and fresh barley insects (super bread insects), through our company's unique fresh-keeping technology, physical process sterilization, no chemical substances are added, and the nutritional structure of the living body is not damaged, and most of the nutritional components of the living body are preserved, which is safe and hygienic. The shelf life is as long as 18-20 months at room temperature, and it is very convenient to store. The use of insurance barley insects can save consumers time, effort, worry and trouble.

实施例Example 6,6, 以保鲜蟋蟀为例Take fresh crickets as an example ::

S1. Insects are cleaned live, and disinfected once;

S2, insect inactivation, fix insect protein;

S4. Aseptic packaging, using aluminum foil bags or sealed bags;

S5. Perform the third disinfection and sterilization;

Preferably, in step S2, 50-60°C warm water is used to soak for 10 minutes to fix the insect protein.

Preferably, in step S4, an aluminum foil bag is used for aseptic packaging, and the packaging bag is evacuated; in step S5, a vacuum aluminum foil bag is used for packaging without nitrogen gas, and 80°C microwave sterilization is used.

Product features: Crickets have high amino acid and protein content, which can improve animal immunity. It has good palatability and can help and improve animals who have long-term picky eaters with gastrointestinal indigestion. It has an irreplaceable effect on other foods. This product selects pure and fresh live crickets, through the company's patented fresh-keeping technology, physical process sterilization, does not add any chemical substances, does not damage the nutritional structure of the living body, preserves most of the nutritional components of the living body, is safe and hygienic, and has a long shelf life at room temperature Up to 18-20 months, storage is very convenient.

The results of repeated experiments show that the product processed by the method of the present invention has almost no change in the color of the fresh-keeping insects, and the retention rate is above 98%. Very few of them appear dim and gray, and the phenomenon of whitening does not exist; through multiple sterilization (three times) Each sterilization requires low process control and easy operation, and after multiple sterilizations, the sterilization is completely complete, and the sampling qualification rate is 100%.

Comparison of the fresh-keeping product of the present invention with other products in the market:

It should be noted that in this article, the terms "including", "including" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, It also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to the process, method, article, or equipment.

Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present invention. The description of the above examples is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present invention. The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that due to the limited expression of words, there are objectively infinite specific structures. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the principle of the present invention is not deviated from the premise Next, several improvements, modifications or changes can also be made, and the above technical features can also be combined in an appropriate manner; these improvements can be modified, modified or combined, or the concept and technical solution of the invention can be directly applied to other occasions without improvement. , Should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

A fresh-keeping treatment process for animal edible insects is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:

S1. Insects are cleaned live, and disinfected once;

S2, insect inactivation, fix insect protein;

S3. Drain the surface of the insect and perform secondary disinfection and sterilization;

S4. Aseptic packaging, using aluminum foil bags or sealed bags;

S5. Perform the third disinfection and sterilization;

S6. After the processing is completed, perform quenching, at a temperature of -20°C, to ensure the freshness of the insect's original color.
The fresh-keeping treatment process for animal edible insects according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step S1, room temperature water is used to wash, and after washing, it is soaked in 10±3°C, molar concentration of 10% ozone water 1-3 minutes.
The process for preserving animal edible insects according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, 50-60°C warm water is used for soaking for 5-10 minutes, or 100°C boiling water is boiled for 1-3 minutes, or High-temperature steam injection for 1-3 minutes to fix insect protein.
The fresh-keeping treatment process for animal edible insects according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step S3, the insects are placed on the draining rack, and the surface is disinfected and sterilized by microwave while draining.
The fresh-keeping treatment process for animal edible insects according to claim 4, characterized in that the insects are drained and sterilized by a tunnel microwave on a movable draining rack, and the insects are drained after passing through the tunnel microwave. And disinfection operations.
The process for preserving animal-edible insects according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, an aluminum foil bag or a sealed bag is used for aseptic packaging, and the packaging bag is evacuated or filled with nitrogen.
The fresh-keeping treatment process for animal edible insects according to claim 1, characterized in that, in step S5, after the packaging in the previous step is completed, a dose of 15 KGy is irradiated for sterilization, or high pressure sterilization at 2-3 atmospheres is used.
The fresh-keeping treatment process for animal edible insects according to claim 1, wherein in step S5, in the case of vacuum aluminum foil bag packaging and no nitrogen filling, 121°C high temperature sterilization is optionally performed, or Microwave sterilization at 80°C.
The process for preserving animal edible insects according to claim 1, characterized in that, between steps S3 and S4, an insect outer membrane coating is optionally performed, and the selected coating is a transparent component.
The fresh-keeping treatment process for animal edible insects according to claim 9, characterized in that, in the insect outer membrane coating, the selected coating is chitosan, and the chitosan is processed by such insects. to make.