WO2020192015A1 - 一种可张开多层侧壁的新型注浆螺旋锚及其安装方法 - Google Patents

一种可张开多层侧壁的新型注浆螺旋锚及其安装方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020192015A1
WO2020192015A1 PCT/CN2019/103812 CN2019103812W WO2020192015A1 WO 2020192015 A1 WO2020192015 A1 WO 2020192015A1 CN 2019103812 W CN2019103812 W CN 2019103812W WO 2020192015 A1 WO2020192015 A1 WO 2020192015A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
anchor
grouting
blade
anchor body
guide rod
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PCT/CN2019/103812
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
国振
王立忠
芮圣洁
洪义
李玲玲
周文杰
李雨杰
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浙江大学
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Publication of WO2020192015A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020192015A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/24—Anchors
    • B63B21/26—Anchors securing to bed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
    • B63B21/50—Anchoring arrangements or methods for special vessels, e.g. for floating drilling platforms or dredgers
    • B63B2021/505—Methods for installation or mooring of floating offshore platforms on site

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a spiral anchor and an installation method thereof, in particular to a novel grouting spiral anchor capable of expanding a multi-layer side wall and an installation method thereof.
  • the development of offshore energy and resources requires the construction of a large number of floating structures on the sea. my country's offshore and deep waters in the South China Sea store abundant oil and gas resources.
  • the tension leg platform (TLP) has a wide range of applications prospect.
  • the spiral anchor foundation can well meet the mooring requirements of the tension leg platform (TLP). It has the characteristics of simple and quick installation, no excavation, continuous excavation, and good anchoring performance. It overcomes the disadvantages of traditional anchor foundation installation and complex installation equipment. It is a popular direction for mooring basic research in the future.
  • Spiral anchor installation is relatively simple and quick. You only need to hoist the spiral anchor to the specified position through the installation boat, release the anchor body, apply torque through the mounting hole, and spirally penetrate to the specified position with the help of spiral blades; however, when the spiral anchor is in service, the load bearing mainly depends on Due to the dead weight of the anchor body and the frictional resistance of the soil to the anchor body and the spiral blade, the bearing capacity can only be exerted to a limited extent. In order to increase the bearing area of the anchor body and increase the bearing capacity, a new type of injection molding that can expand the multilayer sidewall Spiral anchor.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a new type of grouting screw anchor which can expand the multi-layer sidewall and its installation method in view of the shortcomings of the prior art.
  • This anchor type inherits the advantages of fast and convenient installation of the spiral anchor without the need for excavation, and through a relatively simple structural design, the side wall of the spiral anchor can be expanded in multiple layers, which increases the force area of the anchor body, thereby increasing
  • the bearing capacity of the anchor body uses MICP technology and jet grouting to make the part of the blades and the seabed soil cemented to improve the bearing capacity of the anchor body.
  • a new type of grouting spiral anchor with open multi-layer sidewalls including an anchor body, a large spiral blade, an anchor head, a small spiral blade, a guide rod, an anchor tail cover, and a mooring hole; the anchor body is equally divided into several sections , The structure of each section is the same; in each section, the anchor body is a variable cross-section structure, the upper part is larger in diameter than the lower part, there is a large spiral blade on the upper part, and a number of blades are evenly distributed on the lower part. The upper end of each blade and the variable section are connected by a hinge. The blades are tightly attached to the lower part of the anchor body when tightening, so that the overall diameter of the lower part of the anchor body is consistent with the upper part.
  • a torsion spring is installed at the hinge to control the maximum opening angle of the blade; a grouting branch pipe is set in the blade; the anchor head is a cone structure. It is arranged at the lower end of the anchor body of the lowermost section, and a small spiral blade is arranged on the anchor head; the anchor tail cover is arranged on the upper end of the anchor body, the guide rod is vertically arranged in the inner space of the anchor body, and the upper end passes through the anchor tail cover and is in There is a blocking block on the guide rod's exit end, the blocking block one is used to restrict the downward movement of the guide rod, the blocking block is provided with a mooring ring, and the mooring ring is equipped with grouting holes, grouting holes and guide rods
  • the grouting pipe is connected inside, and the grouting pipe is connected with the grouting branch pipe in the blade; each layer of blades is tightened under the restriction of the constraining ring, and a steel cable hole is set above each blade, and each steel cable is installed in the anchor body A
  • the restraint ring is connected by the cable through the cable hole and pulley to the corresponding mooring ring on the guide rod; the guide rod moves upward, and the steel cable drives the restraint ring to the top of the blade to release the
  • the upper part of the guide rod in the anchor body is equipped with two blocking blocks to restrict the upward movement of the guide rod when the blade is expanded to the maximum.
  • a mooring hole is opened at the top of the guide rod to connect the mooring cable.
  • the cover plate is provided with lifting lugs for connecting and installing steel cables; the upper end of the anchor body is provided with a mounting hole for applying torque during installation.
  • the thickness of the blade is controlled to be one third of the radius of each anchor body.
  • the maximum angle of the torsion spring is controlled between 70° and 80°, and the maximum opening angle of the blade is controlled.
  • the screw anchor is adjusted to the designated installation position by installing the ship's installation cable to ensure the verticality of the anchor body, release the anchor body, and apply torque at the installation hole to make the screw anchor pass the large spiral blade and the small spiral blade.
  • the downward spiral penetrates into the seabed to a specified depth, and the mooring wire is stretched to make the guide rod move upward along the central axis.
  • the first blocking block drives the mooring ring to move upward, and the wire is tightened upward, and the force is pulled along the pulley Transfer to the constrained ring, move the constrained ring upwards to the top of the blade, release the constraint on the blade, make the blade open under the elastic force of the torsion spring, and after it opens to the maximum opening angle of the torsion spring, it passes through the grouting hole Jet grouting is carried out, the grout is cemented with the seabed soil, and the installation is now complete.
  • the force-bearing area of the anchor body is increased, thereby increasing the bearing capacity of the anchor body; torque is applied and the spiral blade is used for continuous underwater spiral penetration, with low penetration resistance and no need for excavation.
  • the blades of each layer have built-in grouting pipes for jet grouting, which can form a cementation with the seabed soil to improve the bearing capacity;
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the anchor body of the present invention before tensioning
  • Figure 2 is a front cross-sectional view of the anchor body of the present invention before tensioning
  • Figure 3 is a top view of the anchor body of the present invention before tensioning
  • Figure 4 is a bottom view of the anchor body of the present invention before tensioning
  • Figure 5 is a front sectional view of the anchor body of the present invention after tensioning
  • Figure 6 is a bottom view of the anchor body of the present invention after tensioning
  • Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of blade grouting.
  • a new type of grouting spiral anchor with open multi-layer sidewalls The anchor body is divided into three layers. Each layer is arranged with a large spiral blade. The bottom of the large spiral blade is set into four pieces that can be hinged around pins.
  • the guide rod is stretched to make the blade free from the restraint of the constraining ring and expand under the action of the torsion spring, which increases the resistance between the grouting screw anchor and the seabed soil.
  • the grouting can adopt MICP technology to improve the bearing capacity of the anchor.
  • the structure is as follows: the grouting spiral anchor head 3 is conical, and the anchor head is equipped with small spiral blades 5 for spiral penetration.
  • the four blades 4 of each layer are evenly hinged at the variable cross-section of the anchor body 1 through hinges 9 When the blade 4 is tightened under the constraint of the constraining ring 10, the cross-sectional area of the anchor body 1 is kept unchanged.
  • Each blade 4 is provided with a grouting branch pipe 24, and a torsion spring 8 is arranged between the blade 4 and the anchor body 1.
  • the maximum opening angle of the spring 8 is set to 70° to 80°.
  • the constraining ring 10 When tightening, the constraining ring 10 is at the lower end of the blade, and a cable hole 12 and a pulley 13 are correspondingly arranged above each blade 4; the upper end of the guide rod 6 extends out of the anchor
  • the tail cover 13 is provided with a blocking block 15, the diameter of the blocking block 15 is larger than the inner diameter of the center hole of the anchor tail, and is used to limit the downward movement of the guide rod 6, and a mooring ring 17 is provided on the blocking block 15, and the guide rod corresponds to the first
  • the mooring ring 17 is also provided on the second and third floors.
  • the wire rope 11 connects the restraining ring 10 and the mooring ring 17 through the cable hole 12 and the pulley 13, and the upper part of the guide rod 6 in the anchor body is provided with a blocking block two 16 ,
  • the radius of the second block 16 is greater than the inner diameter of the center hole of the anchor tail.
  • the mooring ring 17 is provided with a grouting hole 14.
  • the grouting hole 14 is connected with a grouting pipe 7 provided in the guide rod 6, and the grouting pipe 7 is connected with a grouting branch pipe 24 in the blade 4, and the uppermost end of the guide rod 6 is provided
  • the mooring hole 20 is connected with the mooring wire 21, two lifting lugs 19 are welded at the outer side of the anchor tail to connect the wire rope, and the anchor tail is provided with a mounting hole 18 for applying torque during installation.
  • Each of the three parts of the anchor body 1 is provided with a large spiral blade 2 for spiral penetration during installation of the spiral anchor.
  • the mooring ring 17 on the guide rod 6 moves upward with the guide rod 6, blocking block two 16
  • the mooring ring 17 just drives the constraining ring 10 of each layer to move above the blade 4, completely releasing the constraint on the blade 4, and the blade 4 is ejected under the action of the torsion spring 8 and opened to the torsion spring.
  • the maximum angle of 8 at this time, the jet grouting is carried out through the grouting hole 14 on the mooring ring 17.
  • the grouting can adopt MICP technology, and the grout is injected to the blade 4, so that the blade 4 and the seabed soil are cemented, and the wire rope is removed , The installation is over.
  • the installation process of the present invention is:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Abstract

一种可张开多层侧壁的新型注浆螺旋锚，包括锚头(3)、螺旋小叶片(5)、锚身(1)、螺旋大叶片(2)、锚尾盖板(13)等，所述的锚身(1)平均分为若干段，每段结构相同，均布置一块螺旋大叶片(2)和若干铰接在锚身(1)的叶片(4)，铰连处安装扭簧(8)，安装前，叶片(4)由约束圆环(10)约束收紧，约束圆环(10)上系有钢缆(11)，钢缆(11)通过锚身(1)的钢缆孔(12)与锚身(1)内导杆(6)上的系缆圆环(17)连接，当锚体螺旋贯入至指定深度时，通过预拉导杆(6)可使叶片(4)脱离约束圆环(10)的束缚，叶片(4)在扭簧(8)作用下张开，完全张开后通过注浆孔14进行注浆。水下连续螺旋贯入砂质海床，无需开挖，安装方便；通过张开锚身(1)的若干层叶片(4)，提高锚体的受力面积，进而提高锚体承载能力；叶片(4)内置注浆支管(24)，喷射注浆可显著提高锚的承载能力。

Description

一种可张开多层侧壁的新型注浆螺旋锚及其安装方法 技术领域
本发明涉及螺旋锚及其安装方法，特别涉及一种可张开多层侧壁的新型注浆螺旋锚及其安装方法。
背景技术
海上能源与资源开发要求在海上建设大量的浮式结构，我国近海和南海深水海域储藏着丰富的油气资源，在应用海洋平台进行油气资源的勘探开发时，张力腿平台(TLP)有广泛的应用前景。螺旋锚基础能很好契合张力腿平台(TLP)的系泊要求，具有安装简单快捷、无需开挖、连续掘进、锚泊性能佳的特点，克服传统锚基础安装复杂，需要复杂安装设备的缺点，是未来系泊基础研究的热门方向。
螺旋锚安装较为简单快捷，只需通过安装船将螺旋锚吊装至指定位置，释放锚体，通过安装孔施加扭矩，借助螺旋叶片螺旋贯入至指定位置；但是螺旋锚服役时，承载主要发挥依赖于锚体自重和土体对锚身及螺旋叶片的摩擦阻力，承载能力只能得到有限的发挥，为提高锚体的受力面积和增加承载力，提出可张开多层侧壁的新型注浆螺旋锚。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的不足，提供一种可张开多层侧壁的新型注浆螺旋锚及其安装方法。该种锚型继承了螺旋锚安装快速 便捷，无需开挖的优势，而通过比较简单的结构设计使螺旋锚的侧壁能够多层张开，增大了锚体的受力面积，进而提高了锚体的承载力，利用MICP技术，喷射注浆，使张开部分叶片与海床土胶结，提高锚体的承载力。
本发明采取以下技术方案：
一种可张开多层侧壁的新型注浆螺旋锚，包括锚身、螺旋大叶片、锚头、螺旋小叶片、导杆、锚尾盖板、系缆孔；锚身平均分为若干段，每段结构相同；在每段内，锚身为变截面结构，上部直径大于下部，在上部布有一个螺旋大叶片，下部均布若干叶片，各叶片上端与变截面处由铰连接，所有叶片收紧时均与锚身下部紧贴，使锚身下部整体直径与上部一致，铰处安装扭簧以控制叶片的最大张开角度；叶片内设置注浆支管；锚头是锥体结构，设置于最下段锚身下端，锚头上布一个螺旋小叶片；锚尾盖板设置于最上段锚身上端，导杆竖直地设置于锚身内部空间，上端穿出锚尾盖板且在导杆穿出端上设有阻挡块一，阻挡块一用于限制导杆向下运动，阻挡块一上设置系缆圆环，系缆圆环上设置注浆孔，注浆孔与导杆内部设有的注浆管连接，注浆管与叶片中的注浆支管连通；每层叶片在约束圆环的约束下收紧，每块叶片上方设置钢缆孔，在锚身内部各钢缆孔上方设置一对应的滑轮，约束圆环由钢缆通过钢缆孔和滑轮与导杆上对应的系缆圆环连接；导杆向上运动，钢缆带动约束圆环运动至叶片上方，解除对叶片的约束，锚身内导杆上部布置有阻挡块二，用于使叶片张开至最大时限制导杆继续向上运动，在导杆顶端开有系缆孔用于连接系泊钢缆，在锚尾盖 板上设有吊耳用于连接安装钢缆；锚身的上端设置有安装孔用于安装时扭矩的施加。
上述技术方案中，进一步的，所述的叶片厚度控制在各段锚身上部半径的三分之一。
进一步的，所述的扭簧的最大角度控制在70°到80°之间，控制叶片的最大张开角度。
如上所述的可张开多层的新型注浆螺旋锚的安装方法如下：
在现场施工时，利用安装船用安装钢缆将螺旋锚调至指定安装位置，保证锚体的垂直度，释放锚体，在安装孔处施加扭矩使螺旋锚通过大螺旋叶片和小螺旋叶片的作用下螺旋贯入海床至指定深度，张拉系泊钢缆，使导杆沿中心轴向上运动，此时第一阻挡块带动系缆圆环向上运动，钢缆向上收紧，沿滑轮将力传至约束圆环，使约束圆环向上运动至叶片上方，解除对叶片的约束，使叶片在扭簧的弹力作用下张开，张开至扭簧的最大张开角度后，通过注浆孔进行喷射注浆，浆液与海床土胶结，此时安装完成。
本发明具有以下优点：
通过张开螺旋锚侧壁的多层叶片，提高锚体的受力面积，进而提高锚体承载能力；施加扭矩，利用螺旋叶片进行水下连续螺旋贯入，贯入阻力小，无需开挖，安装方便；每层的叶片内置注浆管，喷射注浆，能与海床土形成胶结，提高承载能力；
附图说明
图1是张拉前本发明锚体的结构示意图；
图2是张拉前本发明锚体主视剖视图；
图3是张拉前本发明锚体俯视图；
图4是张拉前本发明锚体仰视图；
图5是张拉后本发明锚体主视剖面图；
图6是张拉后本发明锚体仰视图；
图7是叶片注浆示意图。
图中：1、锚身，2、螺旋大叶片，3、锚头，4、叶片，5、螺旋小叶片，6、导杆，7、注浆管，8、扭簧，9、铰，10、约束圆环，11、钢缆，12、钢缆孔，13、滑轮，14、注浆孔，15、阻挡块一，16、阻挡块二，17、系缆圆环，18、安装孔，19、吊耳，20、系缆孔，21、系泊钢缆，22、锚尾盖板，23、胶结区域，24、注浆支管。
具体实施方式
下面以一种具体实例对本发明的技术方案做进一步说明解释，但本发明的方案并非仅限于此。
参照图1-7，一种可张开多层侧壁的新型注浆螺旋锚，锚身平均分成三层，每层布置一块螺旋大叶片，螺旋大叶片下设置成四块可绕销钉铰接转动的叶片，在注浆螺旋锚螺旋贯入至指定贯入深度时张拉导杆，使叶片脱离约束圆环的约束在扭簧作用下张开，增大注浆螺旋锚与海床土的受力面积，再进行注浆，注浆可以采用MICP技术，提高锚的承载能力。具体的，其结构如下：注浆螺旋锚锚头3为圆锥形，锚头布置螺旋小叶片5用于螺旋贯入，每层的四块叶片4通过铰9均 匀铰接在锚身1变截面处，叶片4在约束圆环10的约束下收紧时，保证锚身1的截面面积不变，每块叶片4内设置注浆支管24，叶片4与锚身1之间设置扭簧8，扭簧8的最大张开角度设置为70°到80°，收紧时，约束圆环10在叶片的下端，每块叶片4上方对应设置钢缆孔12和滑轮13；导杆6上端伸出锚尾盖板13设置阻挡块一15，阻挡块一15的直径大于锚尾中心孔的内径，用于限制导杆6向下运动，阻挡块一15上设置系缆圆环17，导杆对应第二层和第三层处也设置系缆圆环17，钢缆11通过钢缆孔12和滑轮13将约束圆环10与系缆圆环17连接，锚身内导杆6上部设置阻挡块二16，阻挡块二16的半径大于锚尾中心孔的内径，在导杆6向上运动至阻挡块二15时，系缆圆环12向上运动，通过钢缆11和滑轮13将力传至约束圆环10，约束圆环10运动至叶片4上方，解除对叶片4的约束，约束解除后，叶片4在扭簧8的作用下张开至扭簧8的最大张开角。系缆圆环17上设置注浆孔14，注浆孔14与导杆6内设置的注浆管7连接，注浆管7与叶片4内的注浆支管24连接，导杆6最上端设置系缆孔20，与系泊钢缆21相连接，锚尾外侧对称处焊接两个吊耳19，用于连接安装钢缆，锚尾出设置安装孔18，用于安装时施加扭矩。锚身1三部分均设置一个螺旋大叶片2用于螺旋锚安装时螺旋贯入。
在现场施工时，预先连接安装钢缆和系泊钢缆，通过安装船用安装钢缆将锚体调至指定安装位置，保证锚体的垂直度，释放锚体，在安装孔处施加扭矩使锚体螺旋贯入海床指定深度，张拉系泊钢缆21，使导杆6沿中心轴向上运动，此时导杆6上的系缆圆环17随导杆6 向上运动，阻挡块二16与锚尾接触时，系缆圆环17刚好带动每层的约束圆环10运动至叶片4上方，完全解除对叶片4的约束，叶片4在扭簧8的作用下弹出，张开至扭簧8的最大角度，此时通过系缆圆环17上的注浆孔14进行喷射注浆，注浆可采用MICP技术，浆液注至叶片4，使叶片4与海床土胶结，解除安装钢缆，安装结束。
本发明的安装流程为：
1.预先连接安装钢缆和系泊钢缆；
2.利用安装船将锚体吊装至预定位置；
3.保证锚体的垂直度，放松安装钢缆，释放锚体；
4.在安装孔处施加扭矩使锚体螺旋贯入海床指定深度；
5.张拉系泊钢缆，拉动导杆，导杆带动约束圆环运动至叶片上方，解除约束圆环对叶片的约束，使叶片打开；
6.在注浆孔进行水下喷射注浆，使用MICP技术，使浆液与海床土胶结；
7.完成安装。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种可张开多层侧壁的新型注浆螺旋锚，其特征在于，包括锚身(1)、螺旋大叶片(2)、锚头(3)、螺旋小叶片(5)、导杆(6)、锚尾盖板(13)、系缆孔(20)；
    锚身(1)平均分为若干段，每段结构相同；每段内：锚身(1)为变截面结构，上部直径大于下部，在上部布有一个螺旋大叶片(2)，下部均布若干叶片(4)，各叶片上端与变截面处由铰(9)连接，所有叶片(4)收紧时均与锚身(1)下部紧贴，使锚身(1)下部整体直径与上部一致，铰(9)处安装扭簧(8)，叶片(4)内设置注浆支管(24)；
    锚头(3)是锥体结构，设置于最下段锚身(1)下端，锚头上布一个螺旋小叶片(5)；锚尾盖板(22)设置于最上段锚身(1)上端，导杆(6)竖直地设置于锚身(1)内部空间，上端穿出锚尾盖板(22)且在导杆(6)穿出端上设有阻挡块一(15)，阻挡块一(15)用于限制导杆向下运动，阻挡块一(15)上设置系缆圆环(17)，系缆圆环(17)上设置注浆孔(14)，注浆孔(14)与导杆(6)内部设有的注浆管(7)连接，注浆管(7)与叶片(4)中的注浆支管(24)连通；每层叶片(4)在约束圆环(10)的约束下收紧，每块叶片(4)上方设置钢缆孔(12)，在锚身(1)内部各钢缆孔(12)上方设置一对应的滑轮(13)，约束圆环(10)由钢缆(11)通过钢缆孔(12)和滑轮(13)与导杆(6)上对应的系缆圆环(17)连接；导杆(6)向上运动，钢缆(11)带动约束圆环(10)运动至叶片(4)上方，解除对叶片(4)的约束，导杆(6)上部布置有阻挡块二(16)，用于使叶片(4)张开至最 大时限制导杆(6)继续向上运动，在导杆(6)顶端开有系缆孔(15)用于连接系泊钢缆(16)，在锚尾盖板(3)上设有吊耳(17)用于连接安装钢缆；锚身(1)的上端设置有安装孔(18)用于安装时扭矩的施加。
  2. 一种如权利要求1所述的可张开多层侧壁的新型注浆螺旋锚，其特征在于，所述的叶片(4)的注浆支管(24)呈叶脉状；
  3. 一种如权利要求1所述的可张开多层侧壁的新型注浆螺旋锚，其特征在于，所述的叶片(4)厚度控制在各段锚身(1)上部半径的三分之一。
  4. 一种如权利要求1所述的可张开多层侧壁的新型注浆螺旋锚，其特征在于，所述的扭簧(8)的最大角度控制在70°到80°之间，控制叶片(4)的最大张开角度。
  5. 一种如权利要求1所述的可张开多层侧壁的新型注浆螺旋锚的安装方法，其特征在于，方法如下：将螺旋锚由安装船通过吊耳(19)吊装至指定安装位置，释放螺旋锚，在安装孔(18)处施加扭矩，在螺旋小叶片(5)和螺旋大叶片(2)的作用下进行螺旋贯入至预定贯入深度，张拉系泊钢缆拉动导杆(6)带动约束圆环(10)运动至叶片(4)上方，解除对叶片(4)的约束，叶片(4)打开，完全打开后进行注浆，浆液与海床土胶结，完成安装。
  6. 一种如权利要求5所述的可张开多层侧壁的新型注浆螺旋锚的安装方法，其特征在于，注浆时使用MICP(Microbial induced calcite deposition)技术，注浆液采用CASO AGAR+尿素(20g/L)培养基在30℃、pH为7.3的条件下培养至OD600＝1.0制成菌液，配置均 为1mol/L的醋酸钙和尿素溶液按体积比1:1制成营养盐，将制好的100mL菌液与1L营养盐混合制成菌剂，每1L菌剂处理25cm 3待处理部分。
PCT/CN2019/103812 2019-03-27 2019-08-30 一种可张开多层侧壁的新型注浆螺旋锚及其安装方法 WO2020192015A1 (zh)

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