WO2020191999A1 - 一种氢燃料电池电堆磁流体密封装置 - Google Patents

一种氢燃料电池电堆磁流体密封装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020191999A1
WO2020191999A1 PCT/CN2019/101527 CN2019101527W WO2020191999A1 WO 2020191999 A1 WO2020191999 A1 WO 2020191999A1 CN 2019101527 W CN2019101527 W CN 2019101527W WO 2020191999 A1 WO2020191999 A1 WO 2020191999A1
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Prior art keywords
magnetic fluid
fuel cell
hydrogen fuel
sealing
cell stack
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PCT/CN2019/101527
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王子羲
李德才
柯玉超
方炳虎
夏迎松
郭越红
李树强
霍晔
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清华大学
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Publication of WO2020191999A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020191999A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
    • H01M8/0276—Sealing means characterised by their form
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of magnetic sealing, in particular to a magnetic fluid sealing device for a hydrogen fuel cell stack.
  • the hydrogen fuel cell stack is a layered structure, and the number of layers can reach hundreds of layers.
  • rubber and plastic sealing schemes are often used.
  • the length of the sealing line per unit volume of the stack is large, Any slight leakage will lead to seal failure, which will seriously affect the reliability and life of the entire stack. Therefore, very strict requirements are put forward for the stack rubber and plastic sealing materials and processes.
  • This patent proposes a metal bipolar plate hydrogen fuel cell unit's magnetohydrostatic sealing scheme.
  • the principle is to design an annular space at the edges of both sides of the MEA inside the battery unit and insert a magnetic fluid rubber strip containing a magnetic fluid.
  • the outer side of the rubber strip and the inner side of the bipolar plate are provided with a card slot to place a permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet is used to generate a magnetic field to restrain the magnetic liquid rubber strip, thereby realizing the passive sealing of hydrogen and oxygen inside the battery cell.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a magnetic fluid sealing device for a hydrogen fuel cell stack, which is used for static sealing of a metal bipolar plate hydrogen fuel cell unit. It includes an anode plate 1, a cathode plate 2, a magnetic fluid rubber strip 3 and a permanent magnet 4.
  • the present application can effectively solve the problem that the length of the sealing line in the layered structure of the hydrogen fuel cell stack is relatively large.
  • rubber-plastic sealing scheme when the rubber-plastic sealing scheme is adopted, it is easy to cause slight leakage and lead to sealing failure.
  • rubber-plastic sealing mainly relies on pasting or structural extrusion, which requires proper force and structure to achieve sealing requirements, and requires high assembly and processing technology.
  • the principle of this application is to design an annular space at the edges of both sides of the MEA inside the battery unit and place a magnetic fluid tape containing a magnetic fluid.
  • the outside of the magnetic fluid tape and the inside of the bipolar plate are provided with a card slot to place a permanent magnet, and the permanent magnet is used to produce
  • the magnetic field forms a natural passive constraint on the magnetic liquid rubber strip, thereby realizing the effective sealing of hydrogen and oxygen inside the battery cell.
  • the magnetic fluid adhesive strip 3 is composed of a soft silica gel cavity structure filled with magnetic fluid.
  • the permanent magnet 4 is a strong magnetic material with a thickness not greater than 1.5 mm.
  • the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2 are each provided with grooves for installing permanent magnets 4, and the number of grooves corresponds to the number of permanent magnets 4.
  • a magnetic fluid rubber strip 3 and a permanent magnet 4 are sequentially arranged between the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2 from the inside to the outside.
  • the entire sealing device utilizes the principle of rubber-plastic extrusion sealing, magnetic fluid paramagnetism and fluidity.
  • the beneficial effect of this application is: using the fluidity and paramagnetism of the magnetic fluid, after filling the soft silica gel cavity with the magnetic fluid liquid, the magnetic fluid glue strip is installed in the annular space between the anode plate and the cathode plate, and Permanent magnets are arranged between the outer end of the magnetic fluid rubber strip, the anode plate and the cathode plate.
  • the permanent magnet absorbs the magnetic fluid inside the soft plastic under the action of the magnetic field, and the soft plastic part seals the part that needs to be sealed under the structure squeezing force and the flow of the magnetic fluid to achieve the double sealing effect of the rubber and the magnetic fluid.
  • the structure and process of the entire sealing device are simple, and the operability is strong.
  • Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the composition structure of a magnetic fluid sealing device for a hydrogen fuel cell stack
  • Figure 2 A cross-sectional schematic diagram of the composition of a magnetic fluid sealing device for a hydrogen fuel cell stack
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic fluid sealing device for a hydrogen fuel cell stack.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a magnetic fluid sealing device for a hydrogen fuel cell stack, comprising an anode plate 1, a cathode plate 2, and a magnetic fluid rubber strip 3 and permanent magnet 4.
  • An annular space is provided between the anode plate 1 and the cathode plate 2 for installing the magnetic fluid glue strip 3.
  • a permanent magnet 4 is arranged between the outer end of the magnetic fluid rubber strip, the anode plate and the cathode plate.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the cross section of Figure 1 and its composition on the cross section drawing.
  • the magnetic fluid plastic strip 3 can be produced by extrusion molding.
  • the Shore hardness of about 25 is more appropriate, and it can be cut according to the actual length.
  • the anode plate is squared to a plane, the magnetic fluid plastic strip 3 is placed in the semi-annular space of the anode plate, and the permanent magnet 4 extends laterally into the single-sided groove of the anode plate. Since the length of the permanent magnet to be sealed is approximately one circle of the ring, preferably, the permanent magnet is a strong magnetic ultra-thin cuboid inserted into the groove of the anode plate in sequence, and the cathode plate is buckled and pressed to complete the installation process of this embodiment.
  • a set of half-open tooling is used to determine the position of the magnetic fluid plastic strip and the permanent magnet on the anode plate side, and the tooling is drawn out after the cathode plate is buckled, so as to more effectively complete the cathode. Buckle and process of the board.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

一种氢燃料电池电堆磁流体密封装置，用于金属双极板氢燃料电池单元的静密封，包括阳极板(1)、阴极板(2)、磁流体胶条(3)和永磁体(4)。该装置可以有效解决氢燃料电池电堆分层结构中密封线长度较大，一般采用橡塑密封方案时容易导致细微的渗漏进而导致密封失败的问题；且橡塑密封主要靠粘贴或结构挤压，需要恰当的力和结构实现密封要求，对装配及加工工艺要求较高。该装置是在电池单元内部MEA两面的边缘设计环状空间并放入含有磁性液体的磁流体胶条（3），磁流体胶条（3）外侧和双极板内侧设置卡槽放置永磁体（4），利用永磁体（4）产生磁场对含磁性液体橡胶条形成自然的无源约束，从而实现电池单元内部氢气和氧气的有效密封。

Description

一种氢燃料电池电堆磁流体密封装置
交叉引用
本申请要求在2019年3月22日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910225012.7、发明名称为“一种氢燃料电池电堆磁流体密封装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及磁密封领域，特别是一种氢燃料电池电堆磁流体密封装置。
背景技术
氢燃料电池电堆为分层结构，其层数可达数百层之多，为保证氢气和空气不会泄漏，多采用橡塑密封方案，但因电堆单位体积的密封线长度很大，而任何微小的渗漏都会导致密封失效，从而严重影响整个电堆的工作可靠性和寿命，所以给电堆橡塑密封材料和工艺提出了非常苛刻的要求。
本专利提出了一种金属双极板氢燃料电池单元的磁流体静密封方案，其原理是在电池单元内部MEA两面的边缘设计环状空间并放入含有磁性液体的磁流体胶条，磁流体胶条外侧和双极板内侧设置卡槽放置永磁体，利用永磁体产生磁场对含磁性液体橡胶条形成约束，从而实现电池单元内部氢气和氧气的无源密封。
发明内容
本申请目的在于提供一种氢燃料电池电堆磁流体密封装置，用于金属双极板氢燃料电池单元的静密封。包括阳极板1、阴极板2、磁流体胶条3和永磁体4。本申请可以有效解决氢燃料电池电堆分层结构中密封线长度较大，一般采用橡塑密封方案时容易导致细微的渗漏进而导致密封失败的问题。且橡塑密封主要靠粘贴或结构挤压，需要恰当的力和结构实现密封要求，对装配及加工工艺要求较高。本申请其原理是在电池单元内部MEA两面的边缘设计环状空间并放入含有磁性 液体的磁流体胶条，磁流体胶条外侧和双极板内侧设置卡槽放置永磁体，利用永磁体产生磁场对含磁性液体橡胶条形成自然的无源约束，从而实现电池单元内部氢气和氧气的有效密封。
优选地，所述的磁流体胶条3由一种软硅胶空腔结构充满磁流体组成。
优选地，所述的永磁体4为一种厚度不大于1.5mm的强磁材料。
优选地，所述的阳极板1和阴极板2各设置凹槽，用于安装永磁体4，凹槽数量对应永磁体4的数量。
优选地，所述的阳极板1和阴极板2中间由内向外依次设置磁流体胶条3和永磁体4。
优选地，整套密封装置利用了橡塑挤压密封原理、磁流体顺磁性和流动性。
本申请的有益效果是：利用磁流体的可流动性和顺磁性，将磁流体液体充满到软硅胶腔体内后，将磁流体胶条安装到阳极板和阴极板之间的环状空间，并在磁流体胶条外端、阳极板和阴极板中间设置永磁体。永磁体磁场作用下对软塑胶内部的磁流体进行吸附，软塑件在结构挤压力和磁流体流动带动下对需要密封的部分实现密封，达到橡塑密封和磁流体双重密封的效果。整个密封装置结构和工艺简单，可操作性强。
附图说明
图1一种氢燃料电池电堆磁流体密封装置组成结构示意图
图2一种氢燃料电池电堆磁流体密封装置组成横截面示意图
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本申请进行进一步的说明：
图1所示的一种氢燃料电池电堆磁流体密封装置的结构示意图，本申请目的在于提供一种氢燃料电池电堆磁流体密封装置，包括阳极板1、阴极板2、磁流体胶条3和永磁体4。其中阳极板1和阴极板2之间设置环形空间用于安装磁流体胶条3。磁流体胶条外端、阳极板和阴极板中间设置永磁体4。
图2为图1的横截面及其横截面图纸上的组成示意图。
为了增加密封的可靠性，优选地，磁流体塑胶条3可采用挤出成型的方式生产，邵氏硬度25左右较为合适，根据实际长度需要进行截断即可。当注入磁流体之前，利用胶粘的方式密封一端，添加完磁流体后胶粘另一端完成磁流体胶条的制作。
实际安装过程中，将阳极板平方到一平面上，将磁流体塑胶条3放置到阳极板的半环状空间内，永磁体4侧向伸入阳极板的单侧凹槽内。由于永磁体需要密封的长度为环形近一周圈，优选地，永磁体为强磁超薄型的长方体依次插入阳极板的凹槽内，将阴极板扣和压紧完成本实施例的安装过程。
为了增加安装的简便性，优选地，设置一套半开的工装用于确定阳极板侧的磁流体塑胶条和永磁体的位置，扣和完阴极板之后抽出工装，以便于更有效的完成阴极板的扣和过程。
上述具体实施方式用来解释说明本申请的方法及其核心思想，而不是对本申请进行限制。应当指出，对于技术领域的技术人员来说，在不脱离本申请的的原理的前提下，对本申请作出的任何修改和改变，都落入本申请的保护范围内。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种氢燃料电池电堆磁流体密封装置，其特征在于：所述的一种氢燃料电池电堆磁流体密封装置由阳极板(1)、阴极板(2)、磁流体胶条(3)和永磁体(4)组成。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种氢燃料电池电堆磁流体密封装置，其特征在于：所述的磁流体胶条(3)由一种软硅胶空腔结构充满磁流体组成。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种氢燃料电池电堆磁流体密封装置，其特征在于：所述的永磁体(4)为一种厚度不大于1.5mm的强磁材料。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种氢燃料电池电堆磁流体密封装置，其特征在于：所述的阳极板(1)和阴极板(2)各设置凹槽，用于安装永磁体(4)，凹槽数量对应永磁体(4)的数量。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种氢燃料电池电堆磁流体密封装置，其特征在于：所述的阳极板(1)和阴极板(2)中间由内向外依次设置磁流体胶条(3)和永磁体(4)。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种氢燃料电池电堆磁流体密封装置，其特征在于，整套密封装置利用了橡塑挤压密封原理、磁流体顺磁性和流动性。
PCT/CN2019/101527 2019-03-22 2019-08-20 一种氢燃料电池电堆磁流体密封装置 WO2020191999A1 (zh)

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DE102022101387A1 (de) 2022-01-21 2023-07-27 Audi Aktiengesellschaft Brennstoffzelle, Brennstoffzellenstapel sowieBrennstoffzellen-Fahrzeug

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CN110137530A (zh) * 2019-03-22 2019-08-16 清华大学 一种氢燃料电池电堆磁流体密封装置
WO2022056721A1 (zh) * 2020-09-16 2022-03-24 罗伯特·博世有限公司 燃料电池的隔板、双极板和燃料电池及其制造方法

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CN110137530A (zh) * 2019-03-22 2019-08-16 清华大学 一种氢燃料电池电堆磁流体密封装置

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102022101387A1 (de) 2022-01-21 2023-07-27 Audi Aktiengesellschaft Brennstoffzelle, Brennstoffzellenstapel sowieBrennstoffzellen-Fahrzeug
DE102022101387B4 (de) 2022-01-21 2024-06-06 Audi Aktiengesellschaft Brennstoffzelle, Brennstoffzellenstapel sowieBrennstoffzellen-Fahrzeug

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