WO2020186713A1 - 一种温度保险丝 - Google Patents

一种温度保险丝 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020186713A1
WO2020186713A1 PCT/CN2019/106809 CN2019106809W WO2020186713A1 WO 2020186713 A1 WO2020186713 A1 WO 2020186713A1 CN 2019106809 W CN2019106809 W CN 2019106809W WO 2020186713 A1 WO2020186713 A1 WO 2020186713A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fuse
carrier fluid
chamber
electrode sheet
thermal
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/106809
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
洪尧祥
Original Assignee
厦门赛尔特电子有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 厦门赛尔特电子有限公司 filed Critical 厦门赛尔特电子有限公司
Priority to KR1020217022433A priority Critical patent/KR102574581B1/ko
Priority to EP19920100.5A priority patent/EP3910661B1/en
Priority to US17/293,827 priority patent/US11574785B2/en
Publication of WO2020186713A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020186713A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/055—Fusible members
    • H01H85/06—Fusible members characterised by the fusible material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H37/00—Thermally-actuated switches
    • H01H37/74—Switches in which only the opening movement or only the closing movement of a contact is effected by heating or cooling
    • H01H37/76—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material
    • H01H37/761—Contact member actuated by melting of fusible material, actuated due to burning of combustible material or due to explosion of explosive material with a fusible element forming part of the switched circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/055—Fusible members
    • H01H85/12—Two or more separate fusible members in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/143—Electrical contacts; Fastening fusible members to such contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/165—Casings
    • H01H85/175—Casings characterised by the casing shape or form
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/38—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
    • H01H2085/381—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc with insulating body insertable between the end contacts of the fusible element
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/041—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges characterised by the type
    • H01H85/042—General constructions or structure of high voltage fuses, i.e. above 1000 V
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/055—Fusible members
    • H01H85/08—Fusible members characterised by the shape or form of the fusible member
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/05—Component parts thereof
    • H01H85/18—Casing fillings, e.g. powder
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/38—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • This application relates to a fuse thermal fuse, in particular to a high-voltage thermal fuse.
  • High-voltage thermal fuse has application requirements in most occasions, for example, used in electric vehicles as circuit protection devices in heating systems.
  • the two fuse links (two are fusible alloys, or one is fusible alloy and the other is alloy wire) are arranged in a parallel and horizontal arrangement.
  • the applicants previously proposed CN208093500U and CN206976273U disclosed a thermal fuse that adopts this structure arrangement to arrange two fuse-links on the welding ends of two electrode plates in parallel and transverse directions.
  • the high-voltage thermal fuse with this arrangement has advantages in manufacturing, the overall shape of the high-voltage thermal fuse is a large square or flat sheet, which causes the shape to be limited in some applications and cannot be very Good application, for example, in the heater of the liquid cooling system, because the circuit board and other control parts are arranged, the position of the thermal fuse is relatively small, so the original parallel arrangement is not suitable for the compact space requirements The location is used.
  • this application proposes another thermal fuse with a layout structure.
  • the present application discloses a thermal fuse, comprising a first fuse device and a first fuse device connected in parallel with a first electrode and a second electrode at both ends, and a sealed chamber constructed by a shell with an opening at one end, a cover plate, and a sealing glue
  • the first fuse device and the second fuse device are arranged therein, and the direction in which the closed end of the housing extends to the open end is defined as the upward and downward directions.
  • the first fuse device and the second fuse device are arranged above and below Arrangement.
  • This application adopts the above technical solution to realize a thermal fuse with a top-and-bottom arrangement structure, so that the overall shape of the thermal fuse is a slender shape, which meets application requirements in corresponding situations.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of Embodiment 1 of the thermal fuse according to the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the thermal fuse according to the present application.
  • Embodiment 3 is a cross-sectional view of Embodiment 2 of the thermal fuse according to the present application.
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of Embodiment 3 of a thermal fuse according to the present application.
  • the first chamber 101a, 201a, 301a
  • Second chamber 101b, 201b, 301b
  • Cover plate 102, 202, 302
  • Polyline 102b, 102a
  • Carrier fluid 104, 204, 304
  • Fusing agent 105, 205, 305
  • Arc extinguishing medium 107, 207, 307
  • the first electrode sheet 108, 208, 308
  • Second electrode sheet 109, 209, 309
  • the first wire 112, 212
  • the first fuse device and the first fuse device connected in parallel are used as core functional devices in a closed chamber constructed by the housing 101, the cover plate 102, and the sealing glue 103.
  • the housing 101 has a first chamber (current-carrying fuse chamber) 101a and a second chamber (high-voltage fuse chamber) 101b corresponding to the current-carrying fuse device and the high-voltage fuse device respectively.
  • the first chamber 101a and the second chamber 101b is formed by inserting a matching cover plate 102 into the inner cavity of the housing 101 to divide the interval; the direction in which the closed end of the housing 101 extends to the open end is defined as the upward and downward directions, as in the second chamber 101b of this embodiment And the first chamber 101a is (also shown in the figure) arranged above and below.
  • the housing 101 is shown and illustrated by taking the shape of a substantially rectangular shape connected with a half-circle as an example.
  • the cover plate 102 and the sealing glue 103 adapted to it also have matching shapes, but this embodiment The shapes of the housing 101, the cover plate 102, and the sealing glue 103 should not be limited to this.
  • the preferred housing 101 adopts a long strip shape.
  • a long strip shape Such as cylindrical shape, hexagonal prism shape and so on.
  • the cover plate 102 is inserted into and matched with the inner cavity of the shell 101 (the gap between the cover plate 102 and the shell 101 is also sealed by a small amount of sealing glue), And it is located on the sealing glue 103 at the lower end, so that the inner cavity of the housing 101 is divided into upper and lower second chambers 101b and first chamber 101a.
  • the housing 101, the cover plate 102, and the sealing glue 103 are all made of materials with good insulating properties.
  • the housing 101 and the cover plate 102 are made of ceramic material, and the sealing glue 103 is made of epoxy resin.
  • a mounting hole 101c is provided on the semicircle of the housing 101 of this embodiment, and the mounting hole 101c is used for mounting and fixing with the protected part.
  • the first fuse device and the first fuse device as the core functional device are described by taking the parallel current-carrying fuse device and the high voltage fuse device as an example.
  • the current-carrying fuse device and the high-voltage fuse device in this embodiment are shown with an "n"-shaped fuse-link 106 and a "one"-shaped carrier fluid 104 arranged above and below, respectively.
  • the melting point of the carrier fluid 104 is lower than the melting point of the fuse-link 106, and the internal resistance value of the carrier fluid 104 is lower than the internal resistance of the fuse-link 106.
  • the "n"-shaped fuse link 106 has parallel sections at both ends.
  • the carrier fluid 104 is made of fusible alloys.
  • the fusible alloys generally refer to metals and their alloys with a melting point below 300°C. For example, they are composed of low melting point metal elements such as Bi, Sn, Pb, and In.
  • the fuse 106 The electro-heating element with higher melting temperature, such as silver-copper alloy, fusible alloy, constantan wire, iron-chromium-aluminum, nickel-chromium wire, etc., is also used as the fuse device.
  • the first chamber 101a and the second chamber 101b are respectively filled with a fuse-assisting agent 105 and an arc-extinguishing medium 107 in the sealed chamber constructed by the housing 101, the cover plate 102, and the sealing glue 103, to help fuse
  • the agent 105 and the arc extinguishing medium 107 are in contact with the carrier fluid 104 arranged in the first chamber 101a and the fuse body 106 arranged in the second chamber 101b;
  • the fuse agent 105 can be selected from substances that can reduce the surface tension of the alloy to be fused, such as Rosin substances (natural rosin, synthetic rosin, etc.) solder paste, etc.
  • the arc extinguishing medium 107 can be selected from arc extinguishing paste, quartz sand, sulfur hexafluoride, transformer oil, etc. Under normal conditions, the current mainly flows through the carrier fluid 104. When the protected device has an abnormal temperature rise, the temperature is transferred to the carrier fluid 104.
  • the carrier fluid 104 acts on the tension of the fuse 105
  • the lower contraction breaks and disconnects the parallel branch of the carrier fluid 104; at the moment when the carrier fluid 104 achieves over-temperature fusing, since the melting point of the fuse-link 106 is higher than that of the carrier fluid 104, the fuse-link 106 remains in the conducting state, and the current is all Load on the fuse-link 106 to make it self-heat.
  • the fuse-link 106 reaches its melting point, and the fuse-link 106 shrinks rapidly and melts by itself, which will inevitably occur during the breaking process.
  • Arc due to the setting of the parallel section formed by the "n"-shaped structure, there is a high electric field strength, electrons repel each other, elongate the arc, accelerate the recombination and diffusion of free electrons and positive ions, can quickly cut off the arc, and perform high voltage
  • the arc extinguishing medium 107 is filled in the second chamber 101b to perform arc extinguishing and protect the safety of the circuit.
  • the fuse-link can also be a fusible alloy composed of low melting point metal elements such as Bi, Sn, Pb, In, etc. similar to the carrier fluid, but the element ratio is different by adjusting , So that it satisfies: the melting point of the fuse is higher than the melting point of the carrier fluid, and the internal resistance of the fuse is higher than the internal resistance of the carrier fluid.
  • the second chamber of this embodiment is filled with an arc extinguishing medium and replaced with a fuse.
  • the electrode used to connect the carrier fluid 104 and the fuse 106 includes a first electrode piece 108 and a second electrode piece 109.
  • the first electrode piece 108 and the second electrode piece 109 are all of the same shape.
  • the first electrode sheet 108 and the second electrode sheet 109 are both stamped from conductive metal sheets into a roughly “1”-shaped structure.
  • one end (upper end in the figure) 108a of the "1"-shaped first electrode sheet 108 and one end (upper end in the figure) 109a of the second electrode sheet 109 are bent into a small "L"-shaped section to form a welding platform , So as to connect the two ends of the "n"-shaped fuse link 106 respectively.
  • the opposite sides (inner sides) of the first electrode sheet 108 and the second electrode sheet 109 are respectively connected to the two ends of the "one"-shaped carrier fluid 104, thereby forming a fuse 106 and carrier fluid arranged in an up and down arrangement.
  • the electrical parallel structure of 104 corresponds to the second chamber 101b and the first chamber 101a arranged above and below, respectively.
  • the cover plate 102 includes a bottom plate 102e at the lower end, and three parallel spaced first partitions 102c, a second partition 102d, and a first partition 102c and a second partition 102d that are arranged in parallel and are perpendicular to the bottom plate 102e.
  • the vertical third partition 102f separates the parallel sections of the "n"-shaped fuse links 106 from each other by the third partition 102f, and the first partition 102c and the second partition 102d are used to separate the fuse links. Both sides of 106.
  • first electrode piece 108 and the second electrode piece 109 are provided with bayonet 108b, 109b between the carrier fluid 104 and the fuse 106 arranged above and below, and the bottom plate 102e of the cover plate 102 has two sides corresponding to the first The electrode sheet 108 and the second electrode sheet 109 correspond to the slot of the bayonet 108b and 109b, so that the cover plate 102 separates the carrier fluid 104 and the fuse 106 up and down.
  • the contours of the first partition 102c, the second partition 102d, and the third partition 102f all have fold lines 102b, 102a, as shown in the figure of the embodiment, with "concave ”Shaped polyline outline.
  • this embodiment can also be provided with ridges or bumps (not shown in the figure) on the inner wall of the top surface of the housing to increase the creepage distance.
  • the other end of the first electrode piece 108 (the lower end in the figure) is welded with a first wire 112
  • the other end of the second electrode piece 109 (the lower end in the figure) is welded with a second wire 113 to form the first wire. 112.
  • the first wire 112 and the second wire 113 are respectively welded to the inner side of the first electrode sheet 108 and the second electrode sheet 109 and extend vertically downward.
  • the welding of the first wire 112 and the first electrode sheet 108 and the welding of the second electrode sheet 109 and the second wire 113 can be achieved by soldering spot welding, ultrasonic metal welding, or the like.
  • the first wire 112 and the second wire 113 are both multi-stranded wires to achieve better flexible bending, such as copper stranded wire, and covered with an insulated wire sleeve.
  • the material of the insulated wire sleeve can be Teflon, silicone rubber, poly Insulators with good insulating properties such as ester materials.
  • the filling requirement of the sealing glue 103 is: at least cover the welding point of the first wire 112 and the first electrode sheet 108 and its wire ends, and also cover the welding point of the second electrode sheet 109 and the second wire 113 And its thread.
  • the radially arranged packaging structure of Embodiment 1 can also be replaced with an axially arranged packaging structure similar to the background art CN208093500U and CN206976273U.
  • the thermal fuse of this embodiment is more slender in appearance, and can be adapted to the needs of some specific occasions.
  • the thermal fuse of this embodiment can be used to meet the use requirements.
  • this embodiment 1 has a good sealing protection effect due to the sealing structure design, which meets the use requirements of the waterproof field.
  • this embodiment since the current-carrying fuse device and the high-voltage fuse device are arranged at intervals, and the fuse body of the high-voltage fuse device is made of more high-pressure resistant materials, and supplemented with the arc extinguishing medium, it also has a better withstand voltage level. . Therefore, under the premise of adopting a slim design, this embodiment also has a high voltage application range, and can be applied to applications where the working voltage is not higher than 850-1000 VDC.
  • this embodiment 2 is basically the same as the above embodiment 1.
  • the enclosure 201, the cover 202, and the sealing glue 203 are constructed in a closed chamber, a current-carrying fuse device and The high-voltage fuse device is provided as a core functional device.
  • the housing 201 has a first chamber (current-carrying fuse chamber) 201a and a second chamber (high-voltage fuse chamber) 201b corresponding to the current-carrying fuse device and the high-voltage fuse device, respectively, the first chamber 201a and the second chamber 201b is formed by inserting a matching cover plate 202 into the inner cavity of the housing 201 to divide the interval, and it is arranged above and below.
  • the current-carrying fuse device and the high-voltage fuse device connected in parallel in this embodiment are shown with an “n”-shaped fuse-link 206 and a “one”-shaped carrier fluid 204 arranged above and below, respectively.
  • the melting point of the carrier fluid 204 is lower than the melting point of the fuse 206, and the internal resistance value of the carrier fluid 204 is lower than the internal resistance value of the fuse 206.
  • the first chamber 201a and the second chamber 201b are respectively filled with a fuse 205 and an arc extinguishing medium (according to the material of the fuse link or the selection of the fuse) 207, the fuse 205 and The arc extinguishing medium 207 is wrapped in contact with the carrier fluid 204 provided in the first chamber 201a and the fuse 206 provided in the second chamber 201b.
  • This embodiment 2 differs from embodiment 1 in that: in this embodiment, the first electrode sheet 208 and the second electrode sheet 209 used to connect the carrier fluid 204 and the fuse 206 are roughly stamped from conductive metal sheets.
  • the same sheet-like structure of the "1" shape is arranged in a mirror image, and the upper end is not bent into a welding platform similar to Embodiment 4, and the "n"-shaped fuse 206 is directly welded to the upper end.
  • the welding operation of the first electrode sheet 208 and the second electrode sheet 209 of this embodiment is relatively troublesome, but the stamping and manufacturing of the electrode sheets is simpler and has certain cost advantages.
  • the other end of the first electrode sheet 208 (the lower end in the figure) is welded with the first wire 212 on the outside, and the other end of the second electrode sheet 209 (the lower end in the figure) is in the A second wire 213 is welded to the outside.
  • the inner welding operation is relatively simple and easy to operate, and it also has the same sealing protection.
  • This embodiment 3 is basically the same as the above-mentioned embodiment 1.
  • the parallel current-carrying fuse device and the high-voltage fuse device are the core functions The device is set in it.
  • the housing 301 has a first chamber (current-carrying fuse chamber) 301a and a second chamber (high-voltage fuse chamber) 301b corresponding to the current-carrying fuse device and the high-voltage fuse device, respectively, the first chamber 301a and the second chamber 301b is formed by inserting a matching cover plate 302 into the inner cavity of the housing 301 to divide the interval, and is arranged above and below.
  • the current-carrying fuse device and the high-voltage fuse device connected in parallel in this embodiment are shown with an "n"-shaped fuse link 306 and a "one"-shaped carrier fluid 304 arranged above and below, respectively.
  • the melting point of the carrier fluid 304 is lower than the melting point of the fuse 306, and the internal resistance value of the carrier fluid 304 is lower than the internal resistance value of the fuse 306.
  • the first chamber 301a and the second chamber 301b are respectively filled with a fuse 305 and an arc extinguishing medium (according to the material of the fuse link or the selection of the fuse) 307, the fuse 305 and The arc extinguishing medium 307 is wrapped in contact with the carrier fluid 304 provided in the first chamber 301a and the fuse 306 provided in the second chamber 301b.
  • the electrode used to connect the carrier fluid 304 and the fuse 306 includes a first electrode sheet 308 and a second electrode sheet 309.
  • the first electrode sheet 308 and the second electrode sheet 309 are both stamped from conductive metal sheets. Roughly "1"-shaped structure and arranged in a mirror image. One end of the "1"-shaped first electrode sheet 308 (upper end in the figure) and one end of the second electrode sheet 309 (upper end in the figure) are bent into a small “L”-shaped section to form a welding platform for easy separation The two ends of the "n"-shaped fuse link 306 are connected.
  • the opposite sides (inside) of the first electrode sheet 308 and the second electrode sheet 309 are respectively connected to the two ends of the "one"-shaped carrier fluid 304, thereby forming the fuse 306 and the carrier fluid arranged up and down.
  • the electrical parallel structure of 304 corresponds to the second chamber 301b and the first chamber 301a arranged above and below, respectively.
  • the other ends (the lower end in the figure) of the first electrode sheet 308 and the second electrode sheet 309 face the housing 301
  • the opening extends outwards, as the electrode pin of the thermal fuse, and can be used as a plug-in pin.
  • the third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: in this embodiment, the first electrode piece 308 and the second electrode piece 309 used to connect the carrier fluid 304 and the fuse 306 extend directly to the opening of the housing 301.
  • the electrode pins are removed, and the two wires with insulated wire sleeves as in Example 1 are omitted.
  • the protection level of this embodiment is reduced, it is simpler to manufacture and saves materials, has a certain cost advantage, and can also meet general protection requirements.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in One place, or it can be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without creative work.
  • any reference signs placed between parentheses should not be constructed as a limitation to the claims.
  • the word “comprising” does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claims.
  • the word “a” or “an” preceding an element does not exclude the presence of multiple such elements.
  • the application can be implemented by means of hardware including several different elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several devices, several of these devices may be embodied by the same hardware item.
  • the use of the words first, second, and third, etc. do not indicate any order. These words can be interpreted as names.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fuses (AREA)

Abstract

一种温度保险丝，包括两端并联于第一电极和第二电极的第一熔断装置和第二熔断装置，包括有具有一端开口的外壳（101）、盖板（102）、封口胶（103）构造出的密闭腔室内，所述第一熔断装置和第二熔断装置被设置于其中，定义外壳（101）的封闭一端向开口一端延伸的方向为上、下方向，所述第一熔断装置和第二熔断装置以上、下布置的方式排列。采用如上技术方案，实现了一种上下布置结构的温度保险丝，使得温度保险丝的整体外形上呈瘦长外形，满足相应场合下的应用需求。

Description

一种温度保险丝
本申请要求在2019年3月20日提交中国专利局、申请号为201920354677.3、申请名称为“温度保险丝”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及一种熔断器温度保险丝，特别地，涉及一种高电压温度保险丝。
背景技术
高电压温度保险丝在多数场合下具有应用需求，例如应用于电动汽车中作为加热系统中的电路保护器件使用。但现有的高电压温度保险丝中两根熔断体(2根均为易熔合金、或者1根为易熔合金另1根为合金丝)均是以平行横向排列的布置方式。例如，申请人之前提出的CN208093500U、CN206976273U所揭示一种温度保险丝均是采用此结构布置将两根熔断体以平行横向的布置于两电极片的焊接端。
虽然这种布置结构的高电压温度保险丝在生产制造上具有优势，但是高电压温度保险丝的整体外形上呈大方块状或扁片状，在一些场合下的应用中引起外形受限，而不能很好的适用，如在液冷系统的加热器中，由于布置了电路板及其他控制件，留给温度保险丝的位置相对较小，故原有平行排布的方式不适合于对空间要求较紧凑的位置使用。
申请内容
针对上述问题，本申请提出另一种布置结构的温度保险丝。
本申请公开一种温度保险丝，包括两端并联于第一电极和第二电极的第一熔断装置和第一熔断装置，包括有具有一端开口的外壳、盖板、封口胶构造出的密闭腔室内，所述第一熔断装置和第二熔断装置被设置于其中，定义外壳的封闭一端向开口一端延伸的方向为上、下方向，所述第一熔断装置和第二熔断装置以上、下布置的方式排列。
本申请采用如上技术方案，实现了一种上下布置结构的温度保险丝，使得温度保险丝的整体外形上呈瘦长外形，满足相应场合下的应用需求。
上述说明仅是本申请技术方案的概述，为了能够更清楚了解本申请的技术手段，而可依照说明书的内容予以实施，并且为了让本申请的上述和其它目的、特征和优点能够更明显易懂，以下特举本申请的具体实施方式。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是根据本申请的温度保险丝实施例1的剖面图；
图2是根据本申请的温度保险丝实施例1的爆炸示意图；
图3是根据本申请的温度保险丝实施例2的剖面图；
图4是根据本申请的温度保险丝实施例3的剖面图。
其中：
外壳：101、201、301
第一腔室：101a、201a、301a
第二腔室：101b、201b、301b
安装孔：101c
盖板：102、202、302
底板：102e
第一隔板：102c
第二隔板：102d
第三隔板：102f
折线：102b、102a
封口胶：103、203、303
载流体：104、204、304
熔断体：106、206、306
助熔断剂：105、205、305
灭弧介质：107、207、307
第一电极片：108、208、308
第二电极片：109、209、309
第一电极片的一端：108a
第二电极片的一端：109a
第一导线：112、212
第二导线：113、213
卡口：108b、109b
具体实施例
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
为进一步说明各实施例，本申请提供有附图。这些附图为本申请揭露内容的一部分，其主要用以说明实施例，并可配合说明书的相关描述来解释实施例的运作原理。配合参考这些内容，本领域普通技术人员应能理解其他可能的实施方式以及本申请的优点。图中的组件并未按比例绘制，而类似的组件符号通常用来表示类似的组件。
现结合附图和具体实施方式对本申请进一步说明。
针对现有技术的温度保险丝存在的不足之处，本申请提出另一种布置结构的温度保险丝如下：
实施例1：
参阅图1、图2所示，该实施例的温度保险丝中，外壳101、盖板102、封口胶103构造出的密闭腔室内，并联的第一熔断装置和第一熔断装置作为 核心功能器件被设置于其中。其中，该外壳101对应载流熔断装置和高压熔断装置分别具有第一腔室(载流熔断腔)101a和第二腔室(高压熔断腔)101b，该第一腔室101a和第二腔室101b是以外壳101的内腔中插入配合的盖板102进行分割间隔而形成的；定义外壳101的封闭一端向开口一端延伸的方向为上、下方向，如该实施例的第二腔室101b和第一腔室101a是(亦图中所示)以上、下布置的。需要说明的是，该实施中外壳101以大致长矩形体形连接一半圆片的外形为例进行展示说明，同时与之适应的盖板102、封口胶103也具有相匹配的外形，但该实施例中的外壳101、盖板102、封口胶103的形状不应受限于此，本领域技术人员可以根据不同应用场合和设计要求采用不同的形状，但优选的外壳101是采用长条外形的，如圆柱体形，六棱柱体形等。定义沿长条外形的外壳101的长度延伸方向为上下方向，盖板102插入并匹配外壳101的内腔(其中，盖板102与外壳101之间的间隙也由少量的封口胶进行密封)，并位于下端的封口胶103之上，从而使外壳101的内腔被分割间隔出上、下布置的第二腔室101b和第一腔室101a。该实施例优选的，外壳101、盖板102、封口胶103均是选用绝缘性质良好的材质，例如外壳101、盖板102采用陶瓷材质，封口胶103采用环氧树脂材质。额外的，该实施例的外壳101的半圆片上设置一安装孔101c，安装孔101c用于与被保护件进行安装固定。
于该实施例中，作为核心功能器件的第一熔断装置和第一熔断装置是以并联载流熔断装置和高压熔断装置为例进行说明。该实施例中的载流熔断装置和高压熔断装置分别以上、下排列设置一个“n”形熔断体106和一个“一”字形载流体104示出。其中，载流体104的熔点低于熔断体106的熔点，载流体104的内阻值低于熔断体106的内阻值。“n”形的熔断体106的两端具有并行段。该实施中，由于载流体104的内阻值低于熔断体106的内阻值，在通以正常的工作电流时，主要由作为载流熔断装置的载流体104由于内阻值低于熔断体106实现大部分的载流能力。其中，载流体104选用易熔合金，所述的易熔合金通常是指熔点在300℃以下的金属及其合金，例如，由Bi、Sn、Pb、In等低熔点金属元素组成，熔断体106则同样选用如银铜合金、易熔合金、康铜丝、铁铬铝、镍铬丝等等的熔断温度更高的电致发热体作为熔断装置。
该实施例中，由外壳101、盖板102、封口胶103构造出的密闭腔室内分别在第一腔室101a和第二腔室101b中填充有助熔断剂105和灭弧介质107，助熔断剂105和灭弧介质107与设置在第一腔室101a载流体104及设置在第二腔室101b的熔断体106包裹接触；助熔断剂105可以选用能够降低被熔断合金表面张力的物质，如松香类物质(天然松香、合成松香等)焊锡膏等，灭弧介质107可以选用灭弧膏、石英砂、六氟化硫、变压器油等。在正常情况下，电流主要流经载流体104，当被保护器件出现异常温升时，温度传递至载流体104，温度达到载流体104的熔点时，载流体104在助熔断剂105的张力作用下收缩分断，断开载流体104这一并联支路；在载流体104实现过温熔断瞬间，由于熔断体106的熔点高于载流体104的熔点，熔断体106还保持导通状态，电流全部加载在熔断体106上，使其自身发热，随着热量的进一步增加，并在温度上升的共同作用下，熔断体106达到其熔点，熔断体106迅速收缩，自行熔断，在分断过程中必然产生电弧，由于“n”形结构所形成的并行段的设置，存在高电场强度，电子之间相斥，拉长电弧，加快自由电子与正离子的复合与扩散，可快速的切断电弧，执行高压分断，同时第二腔室101b内填充有灭弧介质107可以进行灭弧，保护线路的安全。
需要说明的是，该实施例在一些应用场合下，熔断体也可以选用与载流体类似的由Bi、Sn、Pb、In等低熔点金属元素组成的易熔合金，但是通过调整元素配比不同，使得其满足：熔断体的熔点高于载流体的熔点，熔断体的内阻值高于载流体的内阻值。这种应用场合下，该实施例的第二腔室填充有灭弧介质被替换为助熔断剂。
该实施例中，用于连接载流体104和熔断体106的电极包括第一电极片108和第二电极片109，其中为了规模制造，第一电极片108、第二电极片109均为相同形状并以镜像排列，第一电极片108、第二电极片109均是由导电金属片冲压而成大致的“1”形的结构。其中，“1”形的第一电极片108的一端(图中上端)108a和第二电极片109的一端(图中上端)109a被弯折出一个小“L”形段，形成一个焊接平台，以便于分别连接“n”形的熔断体106的两端。而第一电极片108和第二电极片109的中间位置相向的一侧(内侧)则分别连接“一”字形载流体104的两端，从而形成上、下排 列设置的熔断体106与载流体104的电气并联结构，以分别对应到上、下布置的第二腔室101b和第一腔室101a。
该实施例中，盖板102包括位于下端的底板102e和垂直于底板102e的三个平行间隔排列的第一隔板102c、第二隔板102d以及与第一隔板102c、第二隔板102d均垂直的第三隔板102f，通过第三隔板102f将“n”形的熔断体106的并行段相互隔开，而第一隔板102c和第二隔板102d则分别用于间隔熔断体106的两外侧。其中，第一电极片108、第二电极片109在上、下排列的载流体104和熔断体106之间设置有卡口108b、109b，该盖板102的底板102e两侧具有对应于第一电极片108、第二电极片109相应卡口108b、109b的卡槽，从而盖板102将载流体104和熔断体106进行上、下隔断。此外，为了增加爬电距离以提高安全性，所述第一隔板102c、第二隔板102d、第三隔板102f的轮廓均具有折线102b、102a，如该实施例图中，具有“凹”形的折线轮廓。此外，为了增加爬电距离以提高安全性，该实施例还可以在外壳的顶面内壁还设置有凸脊或突点(图未示出)以增加爬电距离。
为了实现更好的密封防护性能，以符合防水领域的使用要求。该实施例中，第一电极片108的另一端(图中下端)焊接有第一导线112，第二电极片109的另一端(图中下端)焊接有第二导线113，以形成第一导线112、第一电极片108、载流体104、熔断体106、第二电极片109、第二导线113的电气连接。该实施例中，第一导线112、第二导线113均分别焊接于第一电极片108、第二电极片109的内侧，并垂直向下延伸。其中，第一导线112与第一电极片108的焊接及第二电极片109与第二导线113的焊接可以采用沾锡点焊、超声波金属焊接等实现。第一导线112和第二导线113均是采用多股线以实现更好的柔性弯折，如铜绞线，并外套有绝缘线套，绝缘线套材质可以选用铁氟龙、硅橡胶、聚酯材质等绝缘性能佳的绝缘体。该实施例中，封口胶103的填充要求是：至少覆盖了第一导线112与第一电极片108的焊接点及其线头，同样也覆盖了第二电极片109与第二导线113的焊接点及其线头。
同时，该实施例由于第一导线112和第二导线113同端出线并向下延伸，实现了径向布置封装结构，相比于现有技术的轴向布置封装结构而 言，更加适合PTC加热器主回路，而无需将一端线束需折回，便于安装操作。此外，由于采用电极片再焊接导线后引出，并借助封口胶对焊接点及其线头进行密封，从而实现了良好的密封性防护效果，符合防水领域的使用要求。需要说明的是，在其他应用场合，也可以将该实施例1的径向布置封装结构替换成类似于如背景技术CN208093500U、CN206976273U的轴向布置的封装结构。
由于该实施例1采用并联的第一、第二熔断装置(载流熔断装置和高压熔断装置)是以上、下排列布置的结构设计，相比于现有的平行横向的布置的温度保险丝体，该实施例的温度保险丝的外形上更加瘦长，可以适用于一些特定场合需求，如：在液冷系统的加热器中，由于布置了电路板及其他控制件，留给温度保险丝的位置相对较小，故原有平行排布的方式不适合于对空间要求较紧凑的位置使用，可以通过使用该实施例的温度保险丝来满足使用要求。同时，该实施例1由于采用密封结构设计，具有良好的密封性防护效果，符合防水领域的使用要求。并且，该实施例由于将载流熔断装置和高压熔断装置进行间隔设置，且作为高压熔断装置的熔断体选用更耐高压的材质，并辅予填充灭弧介质，也具有更好的耐压等级。因此，该实施例在采用外形瘦长设计的前提下，还具有高电压适用范围，可以适用于工作电压不高于850～1000VDC的应用场合。
实施例2：
参阅图3所示，该实施例2与上述实施例1基本一致，该实施例的温度保险丝中，外壳201、盖板202、封口胶203构造出的密闭腔室内，并联的载流熔断装置和高压熔断装置作为核心功能器件被设置于其中。其中，该外壳201对应载流熔断装置和高压熔断装置分别具有第一腔室(载流熔断腔)201a和第二腔室(高压熔断腔)201b，该第一腔室201a和第二腔室201b是以外壳201的内腔中插入配合的盖板202进行分割间隔而形成的，以上、下布置的。该实施例并联的载流熔断装置和高压熔断装置，是分别以上、下排列设置一个“n”形熔断体206和一个“一”字形载流体204示出。其中，载流体204的熔点低于熔断体206的熔点，载流体204的内阻值低于熔断体206的内阻值。该实施例中，分别在第一腔室201a和第二腔室201b中填充有助熔断剂205和灭弧介质(根据选用熔断体的材质情况或选用助熔断 剂)207，助熔断剂205和灭弧介质207与设置在第一腔室201a载流体204及设置在第二腔室201b的熔断体206包裹接触。
该实施例2与实施例1不同之处在于：该实施例中，用于连接载流体204和熔断体206的第一电极片208和第二电极片209是由导电金属片冲压而成大致的“1”形的相同片状结构以镜像排列，而上端不在折弯成类似实施4的焊接平台，“n”形的熔断体206直接焊接与其上端。该实施例的第一电极片208和第二电极片209相比于实施例1焊接操作上相对麻烦，但电极片的冲压制造上更加简单，具有一定的成本优势。此外，该实施例另一不同之处在于：第一电极片208的另一端(图中下端)是在外侧焊接有第一导线212，第二电极片209的另一端(图中下端)是在外侧焊接有第二导线213。相比于上述实施例1的内侧焊接操作上相对简单而易于操作，也具有同样的密封防护性。
实施例3：
该实施例3与上述实施例1基本一致，该实施例的温度保险丝中，外壳301、盖板302、封口胶303构造出的密闭腔室内，并联的载流熔断装置和高压熔断装置作为核心功能器件被设置于其中。其中，该外壳301对应载流熔断装置和高压熔断装置分别具有第一腔室(载流熔断腔)301a和第二腔室(高压熔断腔)301b，该第一腔室301a和第二腔室301b是以外壳301的内腔中插入配合的盖板302进行分割间隔而形成的，以上、下布置的。该实施例并联的载流熔断装置和高压熔断装置，是分别以上、下排列设置一个“n”形熔断体306和一个“一”字形载流体304示出。其中，载流体304的熔点低于熔断体306的熔点，载流体304的内阻值低于熔断体306的内阻值。该实施例中，分别在第一腔室301a和第二腔室301b中填充有助熔断剂305和灭弧介质(根据选用熔断体的材质情况或选用助熔断剂)307，助熔断剂305和灭弧介质307与设置在第一腔室301a载流体304及设置在第二腔室301b的熔断体306包裹接触。
该实施例中，用于连接载流体304和熔断体306的电极包括第一电极片308和第二电极片309，第一电极片308、第二电极片309均是由导电金属片冲压而成大致的“1”形的结构并以镜像排列。“1”形的第一电极片308的一端(图中上端)和第二电极片309的一端(图中上端)被弯折出一个小“L” 形段，形成一个焊接平台，以便于分别连接“n”形的熔断体306的两端。而第一电极片308和第二电极片309的中间位置相向的一侧(内侧)则分别连接“一”字形载流体304的两端，从而形成上、下排列设置的熔断体306与载流体304的电气并联结构，以分别对应到上、下布置的第二腔室301b和第一腔室301a，该第一电极片308和第二电极片309的另一端(图中下端)朝向外壳301的开口而向外延伸出，作为温度保险丝的电极引脚，可以作为插件引脚使用。
该实施例3与实施例1不同之处在于：该实施例中，用于连接载流体304和熔断体306的第一电极片308和第二电极片309是直接向外壳301的开口向外延伸出电极引脚，而省略了如实施例1的两根外套有绝缘线套的导线。该实施例的相比于实施例1虽然防护等级有所降低，但制造上更加简单也节约了材料，具有一定的成本优势，也能够满足一般防护性要求。
补充说明的是，上述实施例1-3均是以并联的载流熔断装置和高压熔断装置作为熔断装置为例进行展示，可以应用在高电压场合中。但是在其他较低电压场合的情况下，也可以采用两个由Bi、Sn、Pb、In等低熔点金属元素组成易熔合金体并联(类似CN206976273U)实现的第一熔断装置和第二熔断装置，但以上、下布置的方式排列构成的外形较瘦长(相比于CN206976273U)的温度保险丝。
尽管结合优选实施方案具体展示和介绍了本申请，但所属领域的技术人员应该明白，在不脱离所附权利要求书所限定的本申请的精神和范围内，在形式上和细节上可以对本申请做出各种变化，均为本申请的保护范围。
以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，其中所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部模块来实现本实施例方案的目的。本领域普通技术人员在不付出创造性的劳动的情况下，即可以理解并实施。
本文中所称的“一个实施例”、“实施例”或者“一个或者多个实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或者特性包括在本申请的至少一个实 施例中。此外，请注意，这里“在一个实施例中”的词语例子不一定全指同一个实施例。
在此处所提供的说明书中，说明了大量具体细节。然而，能够理解，本申请的实施例可以在没有这些具体细节的情况下被实践。在一些实例中，并未详细示出公知的方法、结构和技术，以便不模糊对本说明书的理解。
在权利要求中，不应将位于括号之间的任何参考符号构造成对权利要求的限制。单词“包含”不排除存在未列在权利要求中的元件或步骤。位于元件之前的单词“一”或“一个”不排除存在多个这样的元件。本申请可以借助于包括有若干不同元件的硬件以及借助于适当编程的计算机来实现。在列举了若干装置的单元权利要求中，这些装置中的若干个可以是通过同一个硬件项来具体体现。单词第一、第二、以及第三等的使用不表示任何顺序。可将这些单词解释为名称。
最后应说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本申请的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本申请进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本申请各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种温度保险丝，包括两端并联于第一电极和第二电极的第一熔断装置和第一熔断装置，包括有具有一端开口的外壳、盖板、封口胶构造出的密闭腔室内，所述第一熔断装置和第二熔断装置被设置于其中，其特征在于：定义外壳的封闭一端向开口一端延伸的方向为上、下方向，所述第一熔断装置和第二熔断装置以上、下布置的方式排列。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的温度保险丝，其特征在于：所述外壳具有一腔室，所述盖板插入配合于所述腔室中并进行分割间隔而形成上、下布置的第一腔室和第二腔室，所述第一熔断装置和第二熔断装置上、下排列分别设置于所述第一腔室和第二腔室。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的温度保险丝，其特征在于：所述第一熔断装置为载流熔断装置，所述第二熔断装置为高压熔断装置。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的温度保险丝，其特征在于：所述载流熔断装置包括载流体，所述高压熔断装置包括熔断体，且载流体的熔点低于熔断体的熔点，载流体的内阻值低于熔断体的内阻值。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的温度保险丝，其特征在于：所述第一腔室腔室内还填充有助熔断剂，与所述载流体包裹接触，所述第二腔室还填充有灭弧介质或助熔断剂，与所述熔断体包裹接触。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的温度保险丝，其特征在于：所述第一电极片和所述第二电极片均是大致的“1”形的结构的电极片，所述熔断体的两端分别连接于电极片的上端，所述载流体的两端分别连接于电极片的中间位置相向的一侧。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的温度保险丝，其特征在于：所述载流体为“一”字形，所述熔断体为“n”形，两端具有并行段。
  8. 根据权利要求4所述的温度保险丝，其特征在于：所述盖板包括位于下端的底板和垂直于底板的三个平行间隔排列的第一隔板、第二隔板以及与第一隔板、第二隔板均垂直的第三隔板，通过第三隔板将所述熔断体的并行段相互隔开，而第一隔板和第二隔板则分别用于间隔熔断体的两外侧。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的温度保险丝，其特征在于：所述第一电极片、第二电极片在上、下排列的载流体和熔断体之间设置有卡口，所述盖板的底板两侧具有对应于第一电极片、第二电极片相应卡口的卡槽，从而所述盖板 将所述载流体和熔断体进行上、下隔断。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的温度保险丝，其特征在于：所述第一隔板、第二隔板、第三隔板均具有折线轮廓以增加爬电距离。
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