WO2020181952A1 - 车辆坡道装置及汽车 - Google Patents

车辆坡道装置及汽车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020181952A1
WO2020181952A1 PCT/CN2020/075112 CN2020075112W WO2020181952A1 WO 2020181952 A1 WO2020181952 A1 WO 2020181952A1 CN 2020075112 W CN2020075112 W CN 2020075112W WO 2020181952 A1 WO2020181952 A1 WO 2020181952A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
extension plate
sliding groove
extension
ramp device
protrusion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2020/075112
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李志才
林明世
蔡伟坚
张翔
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Zhejiang Yinglun Automobile Co Ltd
Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd
Zhejiang Geely New Energy Commercial Vehicle Group Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Zhejiang Yinglun Automobile Co Ltd
Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd
Zhejiang Geely New Energy Commercial Vehicle Group Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Zhejiang Yinglun Automobile Co Ltd, Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd, Zhejiang Geely New Energy Commercial Vehicle Group Co Ltd filed Critical Zhejiang Yinglun Automobile Co Ltd
Publication of WO2020181952A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020181952A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G3/00—Ambulance aspects of vehicles; Vehicles with special provisions for transporting patients or disabled persons, or their personal conveyances, e.g. for facilitating access of, or for loading, wheelchairs
    • A61G3/02—Loading or unloading personal conveyances; Facilitating access of patients or disabled persons to, or exit from, vehicles
    • A61G3/06—Transfer using ramps, lifts or the like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R3/00—Arrangements of steps or ladders facilitating access to or on the vehicle, e.g. running-boards

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of vehicle manufacturing, and specifically to a vehicle ramp device and an automobile.
  • the existing integrated design of the boarding pedal is a slope guide and a slide rail structure.
  • due to the lack of a limit on the slide rail it is prone to noise and shaking abnormal noise on complex vibration road conditions, which affects the passenger experience
  • due to the longer size of the ramp guide it has high requirements for the strength of the slide rail, and the sliding resistance is relatively large, resulting in poor durability and short service life.
  • the purpose of this application is to provide a vehicle ramp device to solve the technical problems in the prior art that are prone to shaking and abnormal noise and have poor durability.
  • a vehicle ramp device including a guide rail, a sliding block located on the guide rail, and a slope guide plate connected to the sliding block ,
  • the sliding block includes a middle beam and an extension plate arranged to intersect each other,
  • the extension board includes at least one first extension board, and the length of a single first extension board is less than the length of the middle beam,
  • the guide rail is provided with a sliding groove matching the sliding block, and the sliding groove includes two grooves arranged to intersect each other, and the middle beam and the first extension plate can be installed in two Sliding in the channel.
  • the sliding block is composed of a middle beam and an extension plate intersecting each other, that is, an angle is formed between the middle beam and the extension plate, wherein the angle between the middle beam and the extension plate is 15°-160 °. Further, the angle between the middle beam and the extension plate is 30°, 60°, 90°, 145°, 120°.
  • the cross-sectional view of the slider along the width of the slider can be in the shape of " ⁇ ", “L”, “I”, " ⁇ ", “ ⁇ ”, “ ⁇ ”, “ ⁇ ” "Glyph.
  • the sliding groove is matched with the sliding block, that is, the sliding groove includes two grooves intersecting each other, and the middle beam and the first extension plate slide in the two grooves respectively. That is, the sliding groove includes but is not limited to an L-shaped groove and a T-shaped groove.
  • NVH Noise, Vibration, Harshness
  • the extension board includes at least one first extension board, and the length of a single first extension board is less than the length of the middle beam, that is, when the first extension board is connected to the middle beam, it will not completely cover the middle beam along the length direction, and will have Spaces, for example: when there is only one first extension board, the first extension board can be arranged in the middle part of the middle beam along the length direction, with spaces at both ends; when there are only multiple first extension boards, the first extension board can be The middle beam is arranged at intervals along the length direction, and there is a space between two adjacent first extension plates.
  • the guide rail and the sliding block can be arranged horizontally or vertically, that is, the connecting surface of the two can be parallel to the chassis of the vehicle body or perpendicular to the chassis of the vehicle body. Therefore, in this application, a sliding groove is opened on the guide rail.
  • the limit function of the slider along the direction perpendicular to the chassis of the car body is added.
  • the guide rail and the slider are arranged vertically
  • the limit function of the slider along the direction parallel to the chassis of the car body is added.
  • the vehicle ramp device also includes a driving device for driving the ramp guide to slide on the guide rail.
  • the extension board further includes at least one second extension board, the first extension board and the second extension board are respectively provided at both ends of the middle beam in the thickness direction, and the first extension board and the The second extension plates are staggeredly distributed on the middle beam along the length direction,
  • the sliding groove includes a sliding groove and a convex strip, the sliding groove is opened on the guide rail, and the convex strip is inwardly disposed on the sliding groove wall of the sliding groove, and divides the sliding groove into two Each of the channels, the first extension plate and the second extension plate are respectively located on both sides of the convex strip.
  • the extension board is divided into a first extension board and a second extension board that are staggered, which reduces the sliding resistance between the slider and the guide rail, thereby improving durability and increasing service life.
  • the first extension board and the second extension board are respectively located on both sides of the convex strip, the first extension board and the second extension board also have a good limit function for the movement of the slider in the direction perpendicular to the convex strip, reducing The clearance between the sliding block and the guide rail to avoid shaking abnormal noise.
  • the application divides the extension board into two types of extension boards: the first extension board and the second extension board that are staggered, and each extension board is provided with at least one, that is, when the slider is placed vertically, The height of the second extension board is higher, and the height of the first extension board is lower.
  • the cross-sectional view of the slider along the width direction of the slider is an I-shape, and viewed along the length of the slider, the second extension board and the first An extension board, a second extension board...wherein along the length of the slider, the first extension board and the second extension board may be arranged at intervals, or may be partially overlapped, or may be just a transition.
  • the width of the first extension board and the width of the second extension board may be the same or different, and the length of each first extension board and the length of each second extension board may be the same or different.
  • the middle part of the extension plate is connected to the middle beam, and the two sides extend outward to form a "T" shape
  • the sliding groove is a T-shaped groove
  • the convex strip is provided with two The protruding strips respectively protrude inwardly on the sliding groove walls on opposite sides of the sliding groove along the groove width direction.
  • the extension plate and the middle beam form a "T" shape, and the sliding groove is a T-shaped groove.
  • the sliding block slides in the sliding groove and the convex strip and the first extension plate have a limit function, the first extension plate
  • the force is more uniform, and the force is evenly distributed on both sides of the middle beam, so the slider can move more smoothly and avoid shaking.
  • a first protrusion protrudes outward on the surface of the first extension plate, and the first protrusion can abut the convex strip.
  • a second protrusion protrudes outward on the surface of the second extension plate, and the second protrusion can abut against the convex strip.
  • the arrangement of the first protrusion separates the convex strip and the first extension plate on the surface where the first protrusion is not provided, so that the contact between the first extension plate and the convex strip is equivalent to point contact, thereby reducing the sliding resistance and improving the operation Durability.
  • the arrangement of the second protrusion separates the convex strip and the second extension plate without the second convex surface, so that the contact between the second extension plate and the convex strip is equivalent to point contact, thereby reducing the sliding resistance and improving the operation Durability.
  • the cross sections of the first protrusion and the second protrusion are both arc-shaped.
  • the cross-sections of the first protrusion and the second protrusion are both arc-shaped, which further reduces the contact area of the first protrusion and the second protrusion with the convex strip compared with the rectangular protrusion and the cylindrical protrusion. , Further reducing the sliding resistance, while improving the durability of operation.
  • it further includes a connecting frame, the connecting frame is fixedly connected to the sliding block, and the slope guide plate is fixedly connected to the sliding block through the connecting frame.
  • the setting of the connecting frame makes the connection between the slope guide plate and the sliding block more stable, and at the same time, the connecting frame serves as an intermediate piece for connecting the slope guide plate and the sliding block, which can buffer part of the impact force brought by the sliding block.
  • connection mode of the slope guide plate and the connecting frame includes but not limited to screw connection and clamping connection.
  • the opening width of the connecting groove is greater than the thickness of the ramp guide plate.
  • the connecting surface of the connecting groove and the slope guide plate is a downwardly inclined inclined surface.
  • the connecting frame is provided with an installation groove, and a guardrail is provided in the installation groove.
  • guardrails along with the guide rails, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the slope guide plate, which can provide a safety protection measure for passengers boarding, especially for people in wheelchairs.
  • connection mode of the guardrail and the connecting frame includes but not limited to screw connection and snap connection.
  • the guide rail is extruded from an aluminum profile, and a plurality of extrusion cavities are provided on the guide rail.
  • the guide rail is extruded from aluminum profile, and there are multiple extrusion cavities on the guide rail, thereby improving the strength of the guide rail and avoiding the increase of limit brackets, thereby reducing the cost and the cost of control accuracy of the whole vehicle parts.
  • the extrusion cavity can be a rectangular parallelepiped cavity closed on at least four sides, or an open cavity similar to a T-shaped groove.
  • the slider is made of nylon material.
  • the slider is made of nylon material, which improves the wear resistance, toughness and durability of the slider, prolongs the service life, and can also achieve the shock absorption effect, reduce the noise generated, and optimize the NVH function of the vehicle .
  • the slider is provided with a first connecting hole
  • the connecting frame is provided with a second connecting hole
  • a fastener is penetrated between the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole, so The connecting frame and the sliding block are connected together by fasteners.
  • first connecting hole is a threaded hole
  • second connecting hole is a smooth hole or a threaded hole.
  • a limiting groove communicating with the first connecting hole is provided on the surface of the second extension plate, and a limiting protrusion matching the limiting groove is provided on the connecting frame.
  • a through hole or a penetrating groove communicating with the second connecting hole is provided on the limiting protrusion. The fastener passes through the first connecting hole, the through hole/through groove and the second connecting hole in sequence to connect the connecting frame and the sliding block together.
  • the setting of the limit groove and the limit protrusion can further limit the relative displacement between the slider and the connecting frame, reduce shaking, and avoid noise. At the same time, it can also facilitate the alignment between the positions of the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole, and facilitate the installation of fasteners.
  • the limiting protrusion can be a limiting protrusion formed integrally with the connecting frame, that is, the limiting protrusion is composed of two limiting protrusions arranged at intervals, and the interval between the two limiting protrusions It is called a through groove, and the limit convex bar can be extended into the limit groove and fixed during installation.
  • the limiting protrusion is sleeve-shaped, that is, it can also be an independent connecting sleeve. When installing, the connecting sleeve can be extended into the limit groove and installed and fixed.
  • the purpose of the present application is also to provide an automobile to solve the technical problems in the prior art that the vehicle ramp device is prone to shaking and abnormal noise and has poor durability.
  • an automobile includes a vehicle body and the above-mentioned vehicle ramp device, the vehicle ramp device is provided under the chassis of the vehicle body.
  • the automobile with the vehicle ramp device also has the same technical effects.
  • the present application has the advantages of less shaking and abnormal noise, that is, less noise, good passenger riding experience, good device durability, and long service life.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vehicle ramp device
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of A-A in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a partial enlarged view at B of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the guide rail of the application.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slider of the application.
  • Figure 6 is a front view of the slider of the application.
  • horizontal does not mean that the component is required to be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but may be slightly inclined.
  • horizontal only means that its direction is more horizontal than “vertical”, it does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined.
  • a vehicle ramp device including a guide rail 1, and a sliding block 2 located on the guide rail 1, and connected to the block 2
  • the slope guide 3, the sliding block 2 includes a middle beam 21 and an extension plate 22 intersecting each other,
  • the extension plate 22 includes at least one first extension plate 221, and the length of a single first extension plate 221 is less than the length of the middle beam 21,
  • the guide rail 1 is provided with a sliding groove 11 matching the slider 2, and the sliding groove 11 includes two grooves intersecting each other, and the middle beam 21 and the first extension plate 221 can slide in the two grooves respectively.
  • the sliding block is composed of a middle beam and an extension plate intersecting each other, that is, an angle is formed between the middle beam and the extension plate, wherein the angle between the middle beam and the extension plate is 15°-160 °. Further, the angle between the middle beam and the extension plate is 30°, 60°, 90°, 145°, 120°.
  • the cross-sectional view of the slider along the width direction of the slider can be " ⁇ " shape, "L” shape, "I” shape, " ⁇ ” shape, “ ⁇ ” shape, “ ⁇ ” shape, “ ⁇ ” shape, “ ⁇ ” shape. "Glyph.
  • the angle between the middle beam and the extension plate is 90°, that is, the two are perpendicular to each other.
  • the sliding groove is matched with the sliding block, that is, the sliding groove includes two grooves intersecting each other, and the middle beam and the first extension plate slide in the two grooves respectively. That is, the sliding groove includes but is not limited to an L-shaped groove and a T-shaped groove.
  • NVH Noise, Vibration, Harshness
  • the extension board includes at least one first extension board, and the length of a single first extension board is less than the length of the middle beam, that is, when the first extension board is connected to the middle beam, it will not completely cover the middle beam along the length direction, and will have Spaces, for example: when there is only one first extension board, the first extension board can be arranged in the middle part of the middle beam along the length direction, with spaces at both ends; when there are only multiple first extension boards, the first extension board can be The middle beam is arranged at intervals along the length direction, and there is a space between two adjacent first extension plates.
  • the guide rail and the sliding block can be arranged horizontally or vertically, that is, the connecting surface of the two can be parallel to the chassis of the vehicle body or perpendicular to the chassis of the vehicle body. Therefore, in this application, a sliding groove is opened on the guide rail.
  • the limit function of the slider along the direction perpendicular to the chassis of the car body is added.
  • the guide rail and the slider are arranged vertically
  • the limit function of the slider along the direction parallel to the chassis of the car body is added.
  • the vehicle ramp device also includes a driving device for driving the ramp guide to slide on the guide rail.
  • the sliding groove is a through groove that penetrates both sides of the guide rail, thereby facilitating the installation of the slider.
  • the extension plate 22 further includes at least one second extension plate 222.
  • the first extension plate 221 and the second extension plate 222 are respectively provided at both ends of the middle beam 21 in the thickness direction.
  • the first extension plate 221 and the second extension plate 222 are staggered and distributed on the middle beam 21 along the length direction.
  • the sliding groove 11 includes a sliding groove 111 and a protruding bar 112.
  • the sliding groove 111 is opened on the guide rail 1.
  • the protruding bar 112 protrudes inwardly on the wall of the sliding groove 111 of the sliding groove 111 and divides the sliding groove 111 into two channels ,
  • the first extension plate 221 and the second extension plate 222 are respectively located on both sides of the convex bar 112.
  • the extension board is divided into a first extension board and a second extension board that are staggered, which reduces the sliding resistance between the slider and the guide rail, thereby improving durability and increasing service life.
  • the first extension board and the second extension board are respectively located on both sides of the convex strip, the first extension board and the second extension board also have a good limit function for the movement of the slider in the direction perpendicular to the convex strip, reducing The clearance between the sliding block and the guide rail to avoid shaking abnormal noise.
  • the application divides the extension board into two types of extension boards: the first extension board and the second extension board that are staggered, and each extension board is provided with at least one, that is, when the slider is placed vertically, The height of the second extension board is higher, and the height of the first extension board is lower.
  • the cross-sectional view of the slider along the width direction of the slider is an "I" shape, and viewed along the length of the slider, it is the second extension board in turn , The first extension board, the second extension board.
  • the first extension board and the second extension board can be spaced apart, can also be partially overlapped, and can be just transitional.
  • the width of the first extension board and the width of the second extension board may be the same or different, and the length of each first extension board and the length of each second extension board may be the same or different.
  • the extension board includes two second extension boards, one first extension board, and the first extension board is disposed between the two second extension boards.
  • the width of the first extension board is the same as the width of the second extension board, and the length of each first extension board is different from the length of each second extension board.
  • the first extension board and the second extension board are just connected transition.
  • the middle of the extension plate 22 is connected to the middle beam 21, both sides extend outward to form a "T" shape
  • the sliding groove 11 is a T-shaped groove
  • the convex strip 112 is provided with Two and two protruding strips 112 are respectively projected inwardly on the walls of the sliding groove 111 on opposite sides of the sliding groove 111 along the groove width direction.
  • the extension plate and the middle beam form a "T" shape, and the sliding groove is a T-shaped groove.
  • the sliding block slides in the sliding groove and the convex strip and the first extension plate have a limit function, the first extension plate
  • the force is more uniform, and the force is evenly distributed on both sides of the middle beam, so the slider can move more smoothly and avoid shaking.
  • a first protrusion 2211 protrudes outward on the surface of the first extension plate 221, and the first protrusion 2211 can abut against the convex strip 112.
  • the arrangement of the first protrusion separates the convex strip and the first extension plate on the surface where the first protrusion is not provided, so that the contact between the first extension plate and the convex strip is equivalent to point contact, thereby reducing the sliding resistance and improving the operation Durability.
  • the surface of the second extension plate 222 is provided with second protrusions 2221 protruding outward, and the second protrusions 2221 can abut against the protruding strip 112.
  • the arrangement of the second protrusion separates the convex strip and the second extension plate without the second convex surface, so that the contact between the second extension plate and the convex strip is equivalent to point contact, thereby reducing the sliding resistance and improving the operation Durability.
  • the cross-sections of the first protrusion 2211 and the second protrusion 2221 are both arc-shaped.
  • the cross-sections of the first protrusion and the second protrusion are both arc-shaped, which further reduces the contact area of the first protrusion and the second protrusion with the convex strip compared with the rectangular protrusion and the cylindrical protrusion. , Further reducing the sliding resistance, while improving the durability of operation.
  • the first protrusion 2211 is provided on the upper surface of the first extension plate 221 and protrudes upward
  • the second protrusion 2221 is provided on the lower surface of the second extension plate 222 and protrudes downward.
  • the setting of the connecting frame makes the connection of the slope guide plate and the sliding block more stable, and the connecting frame, as an intermediate piece connecting the slope guide plate and the sliding block, can buffer part of the impact force brought by the sliding block.
  • connecting frames 4 are correspondingly provided with the guide rail 1, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the slope guide plate 3.
  • the connecting frame 4 is provided with a connecting groove 44, and the slope guide plate is arranged in the connecting groove 44.
  • the opening direction of the connecting groove is perpendicular to the connecting surface of the slider and the connecting frame, which can achieve a certain shock absorption effect.
  • the connection mode of the slope guide plate and the connecting frame includes but not limited to screw connection and clamping connection.
  • the opening width of the connecting groove is greater than the thickness of the ramp guide plate.
  • the connecting surface of the connecting groove and the slope guide plate is a downwardly inclined inclined surface.
  • the connecting frame 4 is provided with a mounting groove 41, and a guardrail 5 is provided in the mounting groove 41.
  • guardrails along with the guide rails, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the slope guide plate, which can provide a safety protection measure for passengers boarding, especially for people in wheelchairs.
  • connection mode of the guardrail and the connecting frame includes but not limited to screw connection and snap connection.
  • the guide rail 1 is formed by extrusion of aluminum profile, and a plurality of extrusion cavities 12 are provided on the guide rail 1.
  • the guide rail is extruded from aluminum profile, and there are multiple extrusion cavities on the guide rail, thereby improving the strength of the guide rail and avoiding the increase of limit brackets, thereby reducing the cost and the cost of control accuracy of the whole vehicle parts.
  • the extrusion cavity can be a rectangular parallelepiped cavity closed on at least four sides, or an open cavity similar to a T-shaped groove.
  • the slider 2 is made of nylon material.
  • the slider is made of nylon material, which improves the wear resistance, toughness and durability of the slider, prolongs the service life, and can also achieve the shock absorption effect, reduce the noise generated, and optimize the NVH function of the vehicle .
  • the slider 2 is provided with a first connecting hole 2222
  • the connecting frame 4 is provided with a second connecting hole 42
  • a fastener is inserted between the first connecting hole 2222 and the second connecting hole 42 421, the connecting frame 4 and the sliding block 2 are connected together by a fastener 421.
  • first connecting hole is a threaded hole
  • second connecting hole is a smooth hole or a threaded hole.
  • the surface of the second extension plate 222 is provided with a limiting groove 2223 communicating with the first connecting hole 2222
  • the connecting frame 4 is provided with a limiting protrusion matching the limiting groove 2223 43.
  • the limiting protrusion 43 is provided with a through hole or a through groove communicating with the second connecting hole 42.
  • the fastener 421 passes through the first connecting hole 2222, the through hole/through groove and the second connecting hole 42 in sequence to connect the connecting frame 4 and the slider 2 together. The rest is the same as the first embodiment of the vehicle ramp device.
  • the setting of the limit groove and the limit protrusion can further limit the relative displacement between the slider and the connecting frame, reduce shaking, and avoid noise. At the same time, it can also facilitate the alignment between the positions of the first connecting hole and the second connecting hole, and facilitate the installation of fasteners.
  • the limiting protrusion can be a limiting protrusion formed integrally with the connecting frame, that is, the limiting protrusion is composed of two limiting protrusions arranged at intervals, and the interval between the two limiting protrusions It is called a through groove, and the limit convex bar can be extended into the limit groove and fixed during installation.
  • the limiting protrusion is sleeve-shaped, that is, it can also be an independent connecting sleeve. When installing, the connecting sleeve can be extended into the limit groove and installed and fixed.
  • An automobile includes a vehicle body and the vehicle ramp device of any of the above embodiments, and the vehicle ramp device is arranged under the chassis of the vehicle body.
  • the automobile with the vehicle ramp device also has the same technical effects.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

一种车辆坡道装置，滑块（2）包括相互成相交设置的中间梁和延伸板，延伸板包括至少一个第一延伸板，单个第一延伸板的长度小于中间梁的长度，其中，导轨（1）上开设有与滑块相配的滑动槽（11），且滑动槽包括相互成相交设置的两个槽道，中间梁和第一延伸板分别能在两个槽道内滑动。还涉及一种汽车。该车辆坡道装置增加了滑块至少一个方向的限位功能，减少了滑块和导轨之间的配合间隙，从而避免发出晃动异响，从而提高了耐久性，增加了使用寿命。

Description

车辆坡道装置及汽车 技术领域
本申请涉及车辆制造技术领域，具体而言，涉及一种车辆坡道装置及汽车。
背景技术
近年来，乘用车产销量屡创新高，为方便一些老年人、儿童上车，尤其是方便坐轮椅的人上车，会在乘用车上布置安装轮椅及其轮椅上车踏板即斜坡导板，但由于采用乘用车空间相对狭小，采用折叠翻折类设计的上车踏板会挤占乘员客舱空间，且影响了乘客舱的外观及空间布置，故采用整体式设计的上车踏板较好，可减少其所占用的乘用车空间。
但是，现有的整体式设计的上车踏板，为斜坡导板及滑轨结构，其中，由于滑轨缺少限位，在复杂震动路况上，容易产生噪音，发出晃动异响，影响乘客乘车体验；另外，由于斜坡导板尺寸较长，导致其对滑轨的强度要求高，且滑动阻力较大，导致其耐久性较差，使用寿命较短。
发明内容
本申请的目的在于提供一种车辆坡道装置，以解决现有技术中存在的容易发出晃动异响，且耐久性较差的技术问题。
本申请的上述技术问题主要是通过下述技术方案得以解决的：一种车辆坡道装置，包括导轨，和位于所述导轨上可滑动的滑块，以及连接在所述滑块上的斜坡导板，所述滑块包括相互成相交设置的中间梁和延伸板，
所述延伸板包括至少一个第一延伸板，单个所述第一延伸板的长度小于所述中间梁的长度，
其中，所述导轨上开设有与所述滑块相配的滑动槽，且所述滑动槽包括相互成相交设置的两个槽道，所述中间梁和所述第一延伸板分别能在两个所述槽道内滑动。
本申请中，滑块由相互成相交设置的中间梁和延伸板组成，即中间梁与延伸板之间形成一个夹角，其中，中间梁与延伸板之间夹角的大小为15°-160°。进一步地，中间梁与延伸板之间夹角的大小为30°、60°、90°、145°、120°。需要说明的是，滑块沿滑块宽度方向的截面剖面图可以为“<” 形、“L”形、“工”字形、“匚”字形、“丄”字形、“土”字形、“上”字形。
另外，滑动槽与滑块相配，即滑动槽包括相互成相交设置的两个槽道，中间梁和第一延伸板分别在两个槽道内滑动。即滑动槽包括但不限于L型槽和T型槽。
如此设置，则当滑块在滑动槽内滑动时，则增加了滑块至少一个方向的限位功能，减少了滑块和导轨之间的配合间隙，从而避免发出晃动异响，解决了车辆的NVH(Noise、Vibration、Harshness)问题，即噪声、振动与声振粗糙度问题，提升了汽车用户的感官感受，优化了乘客乘车体验。
再者，延伸板包括至少一个第一延伸板，单个第一延伸板的长度小于中间梁的长度，即第一延伸板连接在中间梁上时，沿长度方向不会完全覆盖中间梁，会具有空格，例如：当只具有一个第一延伸板，第一延伸板可以设置在中间梁沿长度方向的中间部位，两端具有空格；当只具有多个第一延伸板时，第一延伸板可以沿长度方向成间隔设置在中间梁，相邻两个第一延伸板之间具有空格。
如此设置，则当滑块装配在滑动槽内时，则减少了滑块和导轨之间的滑动阻力，从而提高了耐久性，减轻噪音，增加了使用寿命。
需要说明的是，导轨和滑块可为横向布置或者竖向布置，即两者的连接面可以平行于车体底盘，也可以垂直于车体底盘。故本申请在导轨上开设的是滑动槽，在当导轨和滑块为横向布置时，则增加了滑块沿垂直于车体底盘方向的限位功能，在当导轨和滑块为竖向布置时，则增加了滑块沿平行于车体底盘方向的限位功能。
需要说明地是，导轨设有两条，对称分布于斜坡导板的两侧。车辆坡道装置还包括用于驱动斜坡导板在导轨上滑动的驱动装置。
作为优选，所述延伸板还包括至少一个第二延伸板，所述第一延伸板和第二延伸板分别设于所述中间梁沿厚度方向的两端，且所述第一延伸板和所述第二延伸板沿长度方向为交错分布在所述中间梁上，
所述滑动槽包括滑槽和凸条，所述滑槽开设在所述导轨上，所述凸条向内凸设在所述滑槽的滑槽壁上，并将所述滑槽分为两个所述槽道，所述第一延伸板和所述第二延伸板分别位于所述凸条的两侧。
本申请将延伸板分为交错分布的第一延伸板和第二延伸板，则减少了滑块和导轨之间的滑动阻力，从而提高了耐久性，增加了使用寿命。第一 延伸板和第二延伸板分别位于凸条的两侧，则第一延伸板和第二延伸板还对滑块沿垂直于凸条方向的移动起了很好的限位功能，减少了滑块和导轨之间的配合间隙，从而避免发出晃动异响。
需要指出的是，本申请将延伸板分为交错分布的第一延伸板和第二延伸板的两种延伸板，且每种延伸板都至少设有一个，即当滑块竖向放置时，第二延伸板的高度较高，第一延伸板的高度较低，则滑块沿滑块宽度方向的截面剖面图为工字形，而沿滑块长度方向看，依次为第二延伸板、第一延伸板、第二延伸板……其中，沿滑块长度方向，第一延伸板和第二延伸板可以为间隔设置，也可以有部分重叠，还可以为正好衔接过渡。其中，第一延伸板的宽度和第二延伸板的宽度可以相同或者不同，各个第一延伸板的长度和各个第二延伸板的长度可以相同或者不同。
作为优选，所述延伸板的中部与所述中间梁连接，两侧向外延伸形成“T”形，所述滑动槽为T型槽，其中，所述凸条设有两个，两个所述凸条分别向内凸设在所述滑槽沿槽宽方向相对的两侧滑槽壁上。
延伸板与中间梁形成“T”形，滑动槽为T型槽，则当滑块在滑动槽内滑动，且凸条与第一延伸板相抵起到限位功能时，令第一延伸板上受力更为均匀，所受的力均匀地分布在中间梁的两侧，故可令滑块运动地更为平稳，避免晃动。
作为优选，所述第一延伸板的表面上向外凸设有第一凸起，所述第一凸起能与所述凸条相抵。所述第二延伸板的表面上向外凸设有第二凸起，所述第二凸起能与所述凸条相抵。
第一凸起的设置，间隔开了凸条与第一延伸板未设第一凸起的表面，使得第一延伸板与凸条的接触相当于点接触，从而降低了滑动阻力，同时提升操作耐久性。第二凸起的设置，间隔开了凸条与第二延伸板未设第二凸起的表面，使得第二延伸板与凸条的接触相当于点接触，从而降低了滑动阻力，同时提升操作耐久性。
作为优选，所述第一凸起与所述第二凸起的截面均为弧形。
第一凸起与第二凸起的截面均为弧形，则相较于长方体形凸起、圆柱形凸起，进一步地减少了第一凸起和第二凸起分别与凸条的接触面积，进一步地降低了滑动阻力，同时提升了操作耐久性。
作为优选，还包括连接架，所述连接架固定连接在所述滑块上，所述斜坡导板通过所述连接架固定连接在所述滑块上。
连接架的设置，使得斜坡导板和滑块连接地更为稳固，同时连接架作为斜坡导板和滑块连接的中间件，可以缓冲一部分由滑块带来的冲击力。
需要说明的是，连接架相应地随导轨设有两条，对称分布于斜坡导板的两侧，在连接架上开设有连接槽，斜坡导板设于该连接槽内。优选地，连接槽的开口方向与滑块和连接架的连接面成垂直设置，可以达到一定的减震效果。其中，斜坡导板与连接架的连接方式包括但不限于螺纹连接、卡接。
进一步地，连接槽的开口宽度大于斜坡导板的厚度。连接槽与斜坡导板的连接面为向下倾斜的斜面。
作为优选，所述连接架设有安装槽，所述安装槽内设有护栏。
护栏相应地随导轨设有两条，对称分布于斜坡导板的两侧，可以为上车客人提供一道安全防护措施，尤其是为坐轮椅的人提供一道安全防护措施。
需要说明的是，护栏与连接架的连接方式包括但不限于螺纹连接、卡接。
作为优选，所述导轨为铝型材挤压而成，且在所述导轨上设有多个挤出腔。
导轨为铝型材挤压而成，且在导轨上设有多个挤出腔，从而提高了导轨的强度，避免增加限位支架，从而减少了成本，以及整车零件管控精度成本。
需要说明的是，挤出腔可为至少四面封闭的长方体空腔，也可以是类似T形槽的开口空腔。
作为优选，所述滑块为尼龙材料制成的。
滑块为尼龙材料制成的，从而提高了滑块的耐磨性、韧性及耐久性能，延长了使用寿命，还可以达到减震效果，减轻了所产生的噪音大小，优化了车辆的NVH功能。
优选地，所述滑块上设有第一连接孔，所述连接架上设有第二连接孔，所述第一连接孔和所述第二连接孔之间穿设有紧固件，所述连接架和所述滑块通过紧固件连接在一起。
其中，第二连接孔设有多个，相应的紧固件和第一连接孔也设有多个，且均沿滑块长度方向成线性阵列分布。紧固件包括但不限于螺栓、螺钉等配件。第一连接孔为螺纹孔，第二连接孔为光孔或者螺纹孔。
优选地，所述第二延伸板的表面上设有与所述第一连接孔相通的限位槽，所述连接架上设有与所述限位槽相配的限位凸块。限位凸块上设有与第二连接孔相通的通孔或者贯穿槽。紧固件依次穿过第一连接孔、通孔/贯穿槽和第二连接孔，将连接架和滑块连接在一起。
限位槽和限位凸块的设置，可以进一步地限制滑块与连接架之间的相对位移，减少晃动，避免产生噪音。同时，还可以便于第一连接孔和第二连接孔位置之间的校准，方便紧固件的安装。
需要指出的是，限位凸块可为与连接架一体成型的限位凸条，即限位凸块由两条成间隔设置的限位凸条组成，两条限位凸条之间的间隔称之为贯穿槽，安装时限位凸条可伸入限位槽并固定。限位凸块为套筒形，即也可为一独立的连接套筒。安装时，可再将连接套筒伸入限位槽并安装固定。
本申请的目的还在于提供一种汽车，以解决现有技术中存在的车辆坡道装置容易发出晃动异响，且耐久性较差的技术问题。
本申请的上述技术问题主要是通过下述技术方案得以解决的：一种汽车，包括车体和上述的车辆坡道装置，所述车辆坡道装置设于所述车体的底盘的下方。
由于上述的车辆坡道装置具有上述的技术效果，具有该车辆坡道装置的汽车也具有相同的技术效果。
基于此，本申请较之原有技术，具有晃动异响少，即噪声小，乘客乘车体验好且装置耐久性好，使用寿命长的优点。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本申请的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
附图1为车辆坡道装置的结构示意图；
附图2为附图1的A-A截面剖视图；
附图3为附图2的B处的局部放大图；
附图4为本申请导轨的剖视图；
附图5为本申请滑块的结构示意图；
附图6为本申请滑块的正视图。
图中：1-导轨；11-滑动槽；111-滑槽；112-凸条；12-挤出腔；2-滑块；21-中间梁；22-延伸板；221-第一延伸板；2211-第一凸起；222-第二延伸板；2221-第二凸起；3-斜坡导板；4-连接架；41-安装槽；5-护栏；2222-第一连接孔；42-第二连接孔；421-紧固件；2223-限位槽；43-限位凸块；44-连接槽。
具体实施方式
为使本申请实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本申请实施例中的附图，对本申请实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本申请一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本申请实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。
因此，以下对在附图中提供的本申请的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本申请的范围，而是仅仅表示本申请的选定实施例。基于本申请中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本申请保护的范围。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。
在本申请的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，或者是该发明产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
此外，术语“水平”、“竖直”、“悬垂”等术语并不表示要求部件绝对水平或悬垂，而是可以稍微倾斜。如“水平”仅仅是指其方向相对“竖直”而言更加水平，并不是表示该结构一定要完全水平，而是可以稍微倾斜。
在本申请的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“设置”、“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可 以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。
下面结合附图，对本申请的一些实施方式作详细说明。在不冲突的情况下，下述的实施例及实施例中的特征可以相互组合。
车辆坡道装置的实施例一：
见图1、图2、图3、图4、图5、图6，一种车辆坡道装置，包括导轨1，和位于导轨1上可滑动的滑块2，以及连接在滑块2上的斜坡导板3，滑块2包括相互成相交设置的中间梁21和延伸板22，
延伸板22包括至少一个第一延伸板221，单个第一延伸板221的长度小于中间梁21的长度，
其中，导轨1上开设有与滑块2相配的滑动槽11，且滑动槽11包括相互成相交设置的两个槽道，中间梁21和第一延伸板221分别能在两个槽道内滑动。
本申请中，滑块由相互成相交设置的中间梁和延伸板组成，即中间梁与延伸板之间形成一个夹角，其中，中间梁与延伸板之间夹角的大小为15°-160°。进一步地，中间梁与延伸板之间夹角的大小为30°、60°、90°、145°、120°。需要说明的是，滑块沿滑块宽度方向的截面剖面图可以为“<”形、“L”形、“工”字形、“匚”字形、“丄”字形、“土”字形、“上”字形。在本实施例中，中间梁与延伸板之间夹角为90°，即两者相互为垂直设置。
另外，滑动槽与滑块相配，即滑动槽包括相互成相交设置的两个槽道，中间梁和第一延伸板分别在两个槽道内滑动。即滑动槽包括但不限于L型槽和T型槽。
如此设置，则当滑块在滑动槽内滑动时，则增加了滑块至少一个方向的限位功能，减少了滑块和导轨之间的配合间隙，从而避免发出晃动异响，解决了车辆的NVH(Noise、Vibration、Harshness)问题，即噪声、振动与声振粗糙度问题，提升了汽车用户的感官感受，优化了乘客乘车体验。
再者，延伸板包括至少一个第一延伸板，单个第一延伸板的长度小于中间梁的长度，即第一延伸板连接在中间梁上时，沿长度方向不会完全覆盖中间梁，会具有空格，例如：当只具有一个第一延伸板，第一延伸板可以设置在中间梁沿长度方向的中间部位，两端具有空格；当只具有多个第 一延伸板时，第一延伸板可以沿长度方向成间隔设置在中间梁，相邻两个第一延伸板之间具有空格。
如此设置，则当滑块装配在滑动槽内时，则减少了滑块和导轨之间的滑动阻力，从而提高了耐久性，减轻噪音，增加了使用寿命。
需要说明的是，导轨和滑块可为横向布置或者竖向布置，即两者的连接面可以平行于车体底盘，也可以垂直于车体底盘。故本申请在导轨上开设的是滑动槽，在当导轨和滑块为横向布置时，则增加了滑块沿垂直于车体底盘方向的限位功能，在当导轨和滑块为竖向布置时，则增加了滑块沿平行于车体底盘方向的限位功能。
需要说明的是，导轨设有两条，对称分布于斜坡导板的两侧。车辆坡道装置还包括用于驱动斜坡导板在导轨上滑动的驱动装置。
在本实施例中，滑动槽为贯穿槽，贯穿导轨两侧面，从而便于滑块的安装。
见图3、图4、图5、图6，延伸板22还包括至少一个第二延伸板222，第一延伸板221和第二延伸板222分别设于中间梁21沿厚度方向的两端，且第一延伸板221和第二延伸板222沿长度方向为交错分布在中间梁21上。
滑动槽11包括滑槽111和凸条112，滑槽111开设在导轨1上，凸条112向内凸设在滑槽111的滑槽111壁上，并将滑槽111分为两个槽道，第一延伸板221和第二延伸板222分别位于凸条112的两侧。
本申请将延伸板分为交错分布的第一延伸板和第二延伸板，则减少了滑块和导轨之间的滑动阻力，从而提高了耐久性，增加了使用寿命。第一延伸板和第二延伸板分别位于凸条的两侧，则第一延伸板和第二延伸板还对滑块沿垂直于凸条方向的移动起了很好的限位功能，减少了滑块和导轨之间的配合间隙，从而避免发出晃动异响。
需要指出的是，本申请将延伸板分为交错分布的第一延伸板和第二延伸板的两种延伸板，且每种延伸板都至少设有一个，即当滑块竖向放置时，第二延伸板的高度较高，第一延伸板的高度较低，则滑块沿滑块宽度方向的截面剖面图为“工”字形，而沿滑块长度方向看，依次为第二延伸板、第一延伸板、第二延伸板……其中，沿滑块长度方向，第一延伸板和第二延伸板可以为间隔设置，也可以有部分重叠，还可以为正好衔接过渡。其中，第一延伸板的宽度和第二延伸板的宽度可以相同或者不同，各个第一 延伸板的长度和各个第二延伸板的长度可以相同或者不同。
在本实施例中，延伸板包括2个第二延伸板，1个第一延伸板，且第一延伸板设于2个第二延伸板之间。第一延伸板的宽度和第二延伸板的宽度相同，各个第一延伸板的长度和各个第二延伸板的长度不同，沿滑块长度方向，第一延伸板和第二延伸板为正好衔接过渡。
见图3、图4、图5、图6，延伸板22的中部与中间梁21连接，两侧向外延伸形成“T”形，滑动槽11为T型槽，其中，凸条112设有两个，两个凸条112分别向内凸设在滑槽111沿槽宽方向相对的两侧滑槽111壁上。
延伸板与中间梁形成“T”形，滑动槽为T型槽，则当滑块在滑动槽内滑动，且凸条与第一延伸板相抵起到限位功能时，令第一延伸板上受力更为均匀，所受的力均匀地分布在中间梁的两侧，故可令滑块运动地更为平稳，避免晃动。
见图5，第一延伸板221的表面上向外凸设有第一凸起2211，第一凸起2211能与凸条112相抵。
第一凸起的设置，间隔开了凸条与第一延伸板未设第一凸起的表面，使得第一延伸板与凸条的接触相当于点接触，从而降低了滑动阻力，同时提升操作耐久性。
见图5，第二延伸板222的表面上向外凸设有第二凸起2221，第二凸起2221能与凸条112相抵。
第二凸起的设置，间隔开了凸条与第二延伸板未设第二凸起的表面，使得第二延伸板与凸条的接触相当于点接触，从而降低了滑动阻力，同时提升操作耐久性。
见图5，第一凸起2211与第二凸起2221的截面均为弧形。
第一凸起与第二凸起的截面均为弧形，则相较于长方体形凸起、圆柱形凸起，进一步地减少了第一凸起和第二凸起分别与凸条的接触面积，进一步地降低了滑动阻力，同时提升了操作耐久性。
在本实施例中，第一凸起2211设于第一延伸板221的上表面，并向上凸起，第二凸起2221设于第二延伸板222的下表面，并向下凸起。
见图2、图3，还包括连接架4，连接架4固定连接在滑块2上，斜坡导板3通过连接架4固定连接在滑块2上。
连接架的设置，使得斜坡导板和滑块连接地更为稳固，同时连接架作 为斜坡导板和滑块连接的中间件，可以缓冲一部分由滑块带来的冲击力。
需要说明的是，连接架4相应地随导轨1设有两条，对称分布于斜坡导板3的两侧，在连接架4上开设有连接槽44，斜坡导板设于该连接槽44内。
在本实施例中，连接槽的开口方向与滑块和连接架的连接面成垂直设置，可以达到一定的减震效果。其中，斜坡导板与连接架的连接方式包括但不限于螺纹连接、卡接。
进一步地，连接槽的开口宽度大于斜坡导板的厚度。连接槽与斜坡导板的连接面为向下倾斜的斜面。
见图2、图3，连接架4设有安装槽41，安装槽41内设有护栏5。
护栏相应地随导轨设有两条，对称分布于斜坡导板的两侧，可以为上车客人提供一道安全防护措施，尤其是为坐轮椅的人提供一道安全防护措施。
需要说明的是，护栏与连接架的连接方式包括但不限于螺纹连接、卡接。
见图2、图3、图4，导轨1为铝型材挤压而成，且在导轨1上设有多个挤出腔12。
导轨为铝型材挤压而成，且在导轨上设有多个挤出腔，从而提高了导轨的强度，避免增加限位支架，从而减少了成本，以及整车零件管控精度成本。
需要说明的是，挤出腔可为至少四面封闭的长方体空腔，也可以是类似T形槽的开口空腔。
见图3，滑块2为尼龙材料制成的。
滑块为尼龙材料制成的，从而提高了滑块的耐磨性、韧性及耐久性能，延长了使用寿命，还可以达到减震效果，减轻了所产生的噪音大小，优化了车辆的NVH功能。
见图3、图5，滑块2上设有第一连接孔2222，连接架4上设有第二连接孔42，第一连接孔2222和第二连接孔42之间穿设有紧固件421，连接架4和滑块2通过紧固件421连接在一起。
其中，第二连接孔设有多个，相应的紧固件和第一连接孔也设有多个，且均沿滑块长度方向成线性阵列分布。紧固件包括但不限于螺栓、螺钉等配件。第一连接孔为螺纹孔，第二连接孔为光孔或者螺纹孔。
车辆坡道装置的实施例二：
见图3、图5、图6，第二延伸板222的表面上设有与第一连接孔2222相通的限位槽2223，连接架4上设有与限位槽2223相配的限位凸块43。限位凸块43上设有与第二连接孔42相通的通孔或者贯穿槽。紧固件421依次穿过第一连接孔2222、通孔/贯穿槽和第二连接孔42，将连接架4和滑块2连接在一起。其余部分与车辆坡道装置的实施例一相同。
限位槽和限位凸块的设置，可以进一步地限制滑块与连接架之间的相对位移，减少晃动，避免产生噪音。同时，还可以便于第一连接孔和第二连接孔位置之间的校准，方便紧固件的安装。
需要指出的是，限位凸块可为与连接架一体成型的限位凸条，即限位凸块由两条成间隔设置的限位凸条组成，两条限位凸条之间的间隔称之为贯穿槽，安装时限位凸条可伸入限位槽并固定。限位凸块为套筒形，即也可为一独立的连接套筒。安装时，可再将连接套筒伸入限位槽并安装固定。
汽车的实施例一：
一种汽车，包括车体和上述任一实施例的车辆坡道装置，车辆坡道装置设于车体的底盘的下方。
由于上述的车辆坡道装置具有上述的技术效果，具有该车辆坡道装置的汽车也具有相同的技术效果。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本申请，对于本领域的技术人员来说，本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种车辆坡道装置，包括导轨、位于所述导轨上可滑动的滑块、以及连接在所述滑块上的斜坡导板，其中：所述滑块包括相互成相交设置的中间梁和延伸板，
    所述延伸板包括至少一个第一延伸板，单个所述第一延伸板的长度小于所述中间梁的长度，
    其中，所述导轨上开设有与所述滑块相配的滑动槽，且所述滑动槽包括相互成相交设置的两个槽道，所述中间梁和所述第一延伸板分别能在两个所述槽道内滑动。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的车辆坡道装置，其中：所述延伸板还包括至少一个第二延伸板，所述第一延伸板和第二延伸板分别设于所述中间梁沿厚度方向的两端，且所述第一延伸板和所述第二延伸板沿长度方向为交错分布在所述中间梁上，
    所述滑动槽包括滑槽和凸条，所述滑槽开设在所述导轨上，所述凸条向内凸设在所述滑槽的滑槽壁上，并将所述滑槽分为两个所述槽道，所述第一延伸板和所述第二延伸板分别位于所述凸条的两侧。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的车辆坡道装置，其中：所述延伸板的中部与所述中间梁连接，两侧向外延伸形成“T”形，所述滑动槽为T型槽，其中，所述凸条设有两个，两个所述凸条分别向内凸设在所述滑槽沿槽宽方向相对的两侧滑槽壁上。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的车辆坡道装置，其中：所述第一延伸板的表面上向外凸设有第一凸起，所述第一凸起能与所述凸条相抵；所述第二延伸板的表面上向外凸设有第二凸起，所述第二凸起能与所述凸条相抵。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的车辆坡道装置，其中：所述第一凸起与所述第二凸起的截面均为弧形。
  6. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的车辆坡道装置，其中：还包括连接架，所述连接架固定连接在所述滑块上，所述斜坡导板通过所述连接架固定连接在所述滑块上。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的车辆坡道装置，其中：所述连接架设有安装槽，所述安装槽内设有护栏。
  8. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的车辆坡道装置，其中：所述导 轨为铝型材挤压而成，且在所述导轨上设有多个挤出腔。
  9. 根据权利要求1至5任一项所述的车辆坡道装置，其中：所述滑块为尼龙材料制成的。
  10. 一种汽车，包括车体和权利要求1至9任一项所述的车辆坡道装置，所述车辆坡道装置设于所述车体的底盘的下方。
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