WO2020181775A1

WO2020181775A1 - Broadband dual-polarized antenna

Info

Publication number: WO2020181775A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/113043
Authority: WO
Inventors: 科莫夫•弗拉季斯拉夫; 斯莱德科夫•维克托•亚历山德罗维奇; 李梓萌
Original assignee: 广东司南通信科技有限公司
Priority date: 2019-03-12
Filing date: 2019-10-24
Publication date: 2020-09-17
Also published as: US20220013920A1; US11688951B2; CN109980334A

Abstract

Disclosed is a broadband dual-polarized antenna. The broadband dual-polarized antenna of the present application comprises a reflecting plate and a radiating unit mounted on the reflecting plate, wherein the radiating unit comprises four dipoles, and the dipoles are combined together and arranged on the reflecting plate; two arms of each dipole are respectively connected to top ends of two conductors, and bottom ends of the conductors are connected to a common base and are placed on the reflecting plate; and a focusing element of a tapered structure is mounted above the radiating unit, and the focusing element comprises a conductor element and a dielectric element, wherein the conductor element is arranged on the dielectric element in an axisymmetrical manner, and the conductor element is supported by the dielectric element and is arranged above the dipoles. According to the broadband dual-polarized antenna of the present application, a focusing element of a tapered structure is arranged above a radiating unit to perform wave beam width regulation, so that the wave beam width of the broadband dual-polarized antenna reaches an expected range, and the broadband dual-polarized antenna has a relatively low cross polarization ratio; and actual application requirements can be better met.

Description

Broadband dual-polarized antenna

Technical field

This application relates to the field of antennas, in particular to a broadband dual-polarized antenna.

Background technique

In today’s era of frequent use of mobile phones, the market’s annual demand for broadband dual-polarized antennas has also become huge. Therefore, the industry has invested considerable manpower and material resources to develop and manufacture simple broadband dual-polarized antennas. Market demand. In practical applications, in most cases, the horizontal plane half-power beam width of the dual-polarized antenna is required to be 65 degrees, which not only needs to have a good cross-polarization discrimination rate, but also needs to be well matched with the feeder in a wider frequency band.

Because the horizontal beam width of the crossed dipole is too wide, in order to meet the requirement of reducing the beam width, a radiator with a more complicated structure is used. The US5940044 patent document describes a dual-polarization antenna with a horizontal plane half-power beam width of approximately 65 degrees. The antenna includes multiple dipole auxiliary arrays, each of which is composed of four dipoles; Two of the dipoles in the auxiliary array are inclined to form a +45 degree angle with the long side of the grounding guide plate to form a +45 degree polarized radiation element array; in addition, the two dipoles and the grounding guide plate The long sides form a -45 degree angle, forming a polarized radiation element array with a -45 degree angle. The dipoles are arranged in this way so that the phase center of the dipole at an angle of +45 degrees and the element at an angle of -45 degrees can be aligned with the vertical line parallel to the long side of the grounding guide. A few years ago, the industry adopted a technical optimization design by bending the dipole arm toward the phase center to reduce the size of the radiating element. Nowadays, most base station array antennas adopt this radiating unit structure.

The modern MIMO array antenna contains at least two rows of adjacent radiators. As a result of this structural arrangement, the size of the reflector is larger, and the wind load also increases; therefore, if the reflector is to be reduced It is necessary to adopt a dual-polarization radiation unit with a horizontal beam width of 65 degrees and a good cross-polarization discrimination rate.

CN 108172978 A patent document describes a dual-polarized antenna, and its technical solution is that the dual-polarized antenna includes four dipoles, and additional conductor elements are arranged on the arms of the dipoles, as shown in Figure 1; The additional conductor element is placed on the dielectric spacer located on the dipole arm to reduce the beam width of the antenna; the result of this design is that if the size of the reflector is reduced, CN 108172978 A dual polarization in patent literature Although the beam width generated by the antenna is reduced compared to other existing dual-polarized antennas, it cannot be reduced to the desired 60-65 degrees. Therefore, this technical design cannot meet most practical application requirements; and, Another disadvantage of this antenna is that the cross polarization is relatively low.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this application is to provide an improved broadband dual-polarized antenna with an improved structure in view of the problem that the beam width of the dual-polarized antenna in the prior art is difficult to meet expectations and the cross-polarization is relatively low.

In order to achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

This application discloses a broadband dual-polarized antenna, which includes a reflector and a radiation unit mounted on the reflector. The radiation unit includes four dipoles, which are arranged on the reflector in combination; The two arms of the sub are respectively connected to the top ends of the two conductors, and the bottom end of the conductor is connected to a common base and placed on the reflector; a conical structure is installed above the radiation unit, and the focusing element includes a conductor element And the dielectric element, the conductor element is axially symmetrically arranged on the dielectric element, and the dielectric element supports the conductor element above the dipole.

It should be noted that the wide-band dual-polarized antenna of the present application can effectively adjust the beam width by arranging a conical structure above the radiating unit to achieve the expected range, and the cross-polarization comparison Low; In an implementation of this application, the half-power beam width is 60-65 degrees, and the cross-polarization ratio at the edge of the coverage sector at +/-60 degrees is less than -10dB, which can meet most practical application requirements .

Preferably, the gathering element has a cone-shaped structure with a circular, elliptical or polygonal cross section.

It should be noted that the key to this application is that the gathering element is a conical structure, which can be a cone, pyramid or other polygonal structure, that is, the cross section of the gathering element is a circle or a polygon, depending on the design requirements. .

Preferably, the radiating unit is composed of four balun-fed folded dipoles inclined at 30-90°.

Preferably, the arms of the dipole are bent closer to the center of the radiation unit.

Preferably, a part of the top of the focusing element of the tapered structure is cut off.

Preferably, in the focusing element, the conductor element has a square, circular, ring, or other polygonal structure, and the conductor element is placed on the axis of the radiation unit and parallel to the reflector. Among them, the ring structure can be a circular ring or a polygonal ring; the ring can be an integral structure of a circular ring or a polygonal ring, or four strips corresponding to the four dipoles combined to form a ring.

Preferably, the conductor element is supported by the dielectric element and arranged on each dipole; the conductor element is part of a strip shape, a curved strip shape, a rectangle, an arc or a polygon.

In an implementation manner of the present application, the focusing element is surrounded by four dielectric element panels in a tapered structure, and the conductor elements are strip-shaped and attached to the dielectric element panels; the conductor elements on the four dielectric element panels are arranged axisymmetrically; Or, the focusing element is surrounded by four dielectric element columns to form a tapered frame structure, and the conductor element is fixed on the dielectric element column frame in a ring shape.

Preferably, the broadband dual-polarized antenna of the present application has at least two radiating units and feeding parts placed on the reflector to form a dual-polarized array antenna.

Preferably, at least two side walls are provided on the reflecting plate.

Preferably, the broadband dual-polarized antenna has a circular tube-shaped radome.

Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of this application are:

The wide-band dual-polarized antenna of the present application adjusts the beam width by arranging a conical-shaped focusing element above the radiating unit, so that the beam width of the wide-band dual-polarized antenna reaches the expected range, and has a lower crossover. Polarization ratio; can better meet actual application requirements.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-polarized antenna in the prior art CN108172978 A patent;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-polarized antenna in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-polarized antenna in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a multilayer conductor element of a dual-polarized antenna in Embodiment 2 of the present application;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-polarized antenna in Embodiment 3 of the present application;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-polarized antenna in Embodiment 4 of the present application;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-polarized array antenna in Embodiment 5 of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a dual-polarized array antenna with a cylindrical radome in Embodiment 6 of the present application.

detailed description

Existing dual-polarized antennas, such as the dual-polarized antenna described in the CN 108172978 A patent document, as shown in Figure 1, include four dipoles 12, and the arms of the four dipoles are connected to the corresponding feeders. The top of the balun 16; the feeding balun 16 is radially and axially connected to the base 14; each dipole is provided with a loading element 18, which is placed along the dipole arm and fixed by a dielectric element On the dipole arm; the middle of the loading element 18 is arranged between the ends of the adjacent dipole arms; the top view of the radiating unit is a square structure; the coupling length of the loading element 18 and the dipole arm is approximately longer than that of a single dipole arm The arm length is twice, so this design containing the loading element 18 reduces the beam width of the radiation unit, but cannot improve the cross polarization ratio.

To this end, the present application creatively proposes to install a conical-shaped concentrating element above the radiating unit. As shown in Fig. 2, the focusing element includes a conductor element and a dielectric element. The conductor element is arranged on the dielectric element in an axisymmetric manner. The dielectric element supports the conductor element above the dipole. The dual-polarized antenna of the present application, placed on a miniaturized reflector, can meet the requirements of a half-power beam width of 60-65 degrees, and at the same time, the cross-polarization ratio at the edge of the coverage sector at +/-60 degrees is less than -10dB .

Compared with the existing solutions, the half-power beam width of the dual-polarized antenna of the present application is reduced, and the antenna with the focusing element of the cone structure obtains higher gain. In addition, the dual-polarized antenna of the present application can increase the cross-polarization ratio at the edge of the coverage sector at +/-60 degrees. The design of the focusing element with the cone structure reduces the beam width generated by the E-plane and the H-plane. Difference: The dielectric elements and conductor elements that together constitute the focusing element of the cone structure can change the radiation characteristics of the dual-polarized antenna, so the cross-polarization ratio of the antenna can be improved by adjusting the size of these components. The dual-polarized antenna of the present application can reduce the coupling interference between adjacent antennas. Specifically, the focusing element of the cone structure can focus the radiation wave from the dipole arm while reducing the reflection of the adjacent antennas installed on the board. The radiation interference generated by the board improves the overall performance of the antenna.

The application will be further described in detail below with specific embodiments and drawings. The following examples only further illustrate the application, and should not be construed as limiting the application.

Example one

The broadband dual-polarized antenna of this example includes a reflector and a radiation unit mounted on the reflector; as shown in Figure 2, the radiation unit includes four dipoles, which are the first dipole 1a, The second dipole, the third dipole 1c and the fourth dipole; among them, the first dipole 1a and the third dipole 1c are orthogonally polarized, and the second dipole and the fourth dipole Orthogonal polarization; four dipoles are arranged in a square structure and placed on the reflective conductive plate 2. The two arms of each dipole are respectively connected to the tops of the two conductors. The four dipoles correspond to four sets of conductors. Each set of conductors is composed of two conductors, which are used to connect the two arms of the dipole. One dipole 1a corresponds to the first set of conductors 3a, and the third dipole corresponds to the third set of conductors 3c; the bottom end of the conductor is connected to a common base 4 and mounted on the reflector 2; a focusing element with a cone structure 5 Installed above the radiation unit, the focusing element includes a conductor element and a dielectric element. The conductor element is arranged on the dielectric element in axial symmetry. The dielectric element supports the conductor element above the dipole.

Compared with the structure of the focusing conductive element of the existing antenna, the design of the focusing element 5 of the cone structure of this example can focus the radiation from the dipole arm more efficiently; making the beam generated by the dual-polarized antenna of the present application Narrower; or, when the beam width is the same, the size of the reflector of the antenna of the present application can be smaller. In addition, compared with existing solutions, the dual-polarized antenna of the present application can increase the cross-polarization ratio at the edge of the coverage sector at +/-60 degrees, and the focusing element with a cone structure can reduce the E-plane and H-plane The difference between the beam width of the cone structure; the focusing element of the cone structure is composed of a dielectric element and a conductor, which can change the radiation characteristics of the antenna. Therefore, in actual use, the cross polarization of the antenna can be improved by adjusting the size of these components ratio.

Example two

The wide-band dual-polarized antenna of this example is similar to the first embodiment, except that the focusing element of the cone structure adopts a pyramid structure. As shown in Figure 3, the pyramid-shaped focusing element gradually decreases from bottom to top. The five

dielectric elements

5a, 5b, 5c, 5d and 5e are composed of five

dielectric elements

5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, and 5e. A part of the top of the pyramid-shaped focusing element is cut off, that is, the top is a horizontal section 6, and the horizontal section 6 is parallel to the reflector; the conductor element is arranged on the two dielectric elements On the plane between, that is, the conductor element with four planes; or the conductor element is arranged on the plane between the two dielectric elements and the horizontal section 6 at the top, that is, the conductor element with five planes; Parallel and parallel to the reflector, and the conductor elements of each layer are gradually reduced from bottom to top according to the shape of a pyramid. The structure of the conductor element can be a complete sheet or a complete ring, or a ring formed by splicing several segments, as shown in FIG. 4. Figure 4 shows conductor elements of different shapes and structures and their arrangement. Figure a is a five-layer circular conductor element, each layer is a ring; Figure b is a four-layer octagonal sheet Shaped conductor element, each layer is an octagonal sheet-shaped conductor element; Figure c is a five-layer circular sheet-shaped conductor element; Figure d is a four-layer ring-shaped conductor element, and each layer is an eight-shaped conductor surrounded by four strips. Edge ring; Figure e shows a four-layer ring-shaped conductor element, each layer is a quadrilateral ring surrounded by four strips, and the four corners of the quadrilateral are arc chamfers. It can be understood that the shape of the dielectric element can be a uniform pyramid, in which conductor elements of different structures or shapes are embedded; it can also be a shape of a dielectric element adapted to the conductor element, for example, a circular or circular conductor element corresponds to The dielectric element of the shape constitutes a conical focusing element, or the conductor element of other shapes forms a corresponding focusing element of a cone structure.

The conductor element in this example, such as a sheet-shaped conductor element placed on the axis of the radiating element, or a bent strip-shaped conductor element placed above the dipole arm, can improve the focusing effect of the conical structure focusing element.

Therefore, in the case of a focusing element with a cone structure of a multilayer conductor element, by changing the dielectric properties of the dielectric element, or optimizing the shape or structure of the conductor, the dual-polarized antenna can be obtained in a wider frequency band. Meet the required pattern, and achieve a good match between the radiating element and the feeder; for example, for the dielectric elements of different layers placed on the focusing element of the cone structure, to reduce the dielectric constant, you can consider using different materials. The production includes the use of porous foam materials; the use of this type of multi-layer cone-shaped focusing element with conductors inside can obtain the desired radiation pattern according to actual needs and reduce the height of the focusing element; therefore In this example, the antenna containing the conical structure of the focusing element can reduce the amount of dielectric material used, while reducing the size of the radome, simplifying the design and manufacturing, saving space and reducing costs.

Example three

The broadband dual-polarized antenna of this example is similar to the first embodiment, except that, as shown in FIG. 5, the focusing element 7 consists of four insulating dielectric block panels, namely the first insulating dielectric block panel and the second insulating dielectric block. The panel 20b, the third insulating dielectric block panel 20c, and the fourth insulating dielectric block panel, the four panels are enclosed in a tapered structure; the conductor element is in the form of a strip, that is, a conductive metal strip 19, which is attached to the panel of the insulating dielectric block and is arranged on the Above the pole arm, and fixed on the radiator through its low edge; the conductor elements on the four insulating dielectric block panels are arranged axisymmetrically, as shown in Figure 5, the conductor elements can also be enclosed in multiple layers similar to Figure 4 Structure, Figure 5 shows a five-layer structure of the conductor element. Compared with the focusing element shown in FIG. 3, the focusing element adopting this optimized design is lighter in weight and simpler to manufacture.

Example four

The broadband dual-polarized antenna of this example is similar to the first embodiment, except that, as shown in FIG. 6, the focusing element 8 consists of four dielectric element columns, namely, a first dielectric element column 24a and a second dielectric element column 24b. , The third dielectric element column 24c and the fourth dielectric element column, the four columns enclose a tapered frame structure, and the top end is a ring-shaped dielectric element 25 connecting the four dielectric element columns together; the conductor element 23 is formed by a bent strip structure It is arranged above the dipole arm and is fixed by four dielectric element columns; similarly, the conductor element 23 is a four-layered ring-shaped conductor element, and each layer has four bent strip-shaped conductors forming a ring. The first positions of the bent strip structure conductors are respectively connected to the four dielectric element columns to achieve fixation; the focusing element of this design can focus efficiently and at the same time can be lighter in weight.

Example five

In this embodiment, the wide-band dual-polarized antenna of the fourth embodiment is used to form an array antenna, as shown in FIG. 7, which uses six dual-polarized antennas as shown in FIG. 6, and the reflection is arranged in a structure of two rows and three columns. On the plate 26, the side of the reflecting plate 26 has side walls 27 extending upward. The focusing element of the cone structure can focus the radiation wave from the dipole arm, which can effectively reduce the radiation interference along the reflector 26 where the adjacent antenna is installed; the side wall 27 increases the front-to-back ratio of the antenna, but there is a disadvantage The beam width is enlarged; and the design of the focusing element with the cone structure can effectively reduce the beam width, so that the size of the reflector 26 can be smaller, and a radiation pattern that meets the requirements can be obtained.

Example Six

In this embodiment, the wide-band dual-polarized antenna of the third embodiment is used to form an array antenna, and the array antenna is placed as a whole in a circular tube-shaped radome 28, as shown in FIG. 8, the dual-polarized array antenna shown in FIG. The dual-polarized antenna shown in Figure 5 is used; compared with the rectangular radome, this round tube radome reduces the wind load and can better protect the antenna; and the conical structure of the dual-polarized array antenna is focused The components, so that the size of the reflector can be greatly reduced, so adopting this design can reduce the aperture of the radome 28, saving space and consumables.

In addition, in this example, the array antenna shown in Fig. 7 is installed in the radome with reference to Fig. 8 to make a sample to be tested and tested in a microwave darkroom. The test results show that the half power of the dual-polarized array antenna The beam width is 60-65 degrees, and the cross-polarization ratio at the edge of the coverage sector at +/-60 degrees is less than -10dB, which can meet most practical application requirements.

The above content is a further detailed description of this application in combination with specific implementations, and it cannot be considered that the specific implementation of this application is limited to these descriptions. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the concept of this application.

Claims

A wide-band dual-polarization antenna, comprising a reflector and a radiation unit mounted on the reflector, characterized in that: the radiation unit includes four dipoles, and the dipoles are combined and placed on the reflector The two arms of the dipole are respectively connected to the top ends of the two conductors, and the bottom end of the conductor is connected to a common base and placed on the reflector; above the radiating unit is installed a conical structure gathering The focusing element includes a conductor element and a dielectric element. The conductor element is arranged on the dielectric element, and the dielectric element supports the conductor element above the dipole.
The broadband dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein the condensing element has a cone-shaped structure, and its cross-section is circular, elliptical or polygonal.
The broadband dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein the radiating unit is composed of four balun-fed folded dipoles inclined at 30-90°.
The broadband dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein the arms of the dipole are bent closer to the center of the radiating element.
The broadband dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein a part of the top of the focusing element of the cone structure is cut off.
The broadband dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the focusing element, the conductor element has a square, circular, ring, or other polygonal structure, and the conductor element is placed on the axis of the radiating unit. Parallel to the reflector.
The broadband dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein the conductor element is supported by a dielectric element and is arranged on each dipole; the conductor element is in a strip shape, a curved strip shape, and a rectangular shape. , Arc or part of a polygon.
The broadband dual-polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein at least two radiating units and feeding parts are placed on the reflector to form a dual-polarized array antenna.
The broadband dual-polarized antenna according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein at least two side walls are provided on the reflector plate.
The broadband dual-polarization antenna according to any one of claims 1-8, wherein the broadband dual-polarization antenna has a circular tube-shaped radome.