WO2020177530A1 - Photovoltaic assembly and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Photovoltaic assembly and manufacturing method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020177530A1
WO2020177530A1 PCT/CN2020/075813 CN2020075813W WO2020177530A1 WO 2020177530 A1 WO2020177530 A1 WO 2020177530A1 CN 2020075813 W CN2020075813 W CN 2020075813W WO 2020177530 A1 WO2020177530 A1 WO 2020177530A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
solar cell
buffer layer
photovoltaic module
adjacent
edge
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PCT/CN2020/075813
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
潘秀娟
黄甫阳
董经兵
刘亚锋
邢国强
Original Assignee
苏州阿特斯阳光电力科技有限公司
常熟阿特斯阳光电力科技有限公司
阿特斯阳光电力集团有限公司
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201910171480.0A external-priority patent/CN109786492B/en
Priority claimed from CN201910616091.4A external-priority patent/CN112216752A/en
Application filed by 苏州阿特斯阳光电力科技有限公司, 常熟阿特斯阳光电力科技有限公司, 阿特斯阳光电力集团有限公司 filed Critical 苏州阿特斯阳光电力科技有限公司
Publication of WO2020177530A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020177530A1/en

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/043—Mechanically stacked PV cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/049—Protective back sheets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/05—Electrical interconnection means between PV cells inside the PV module, e.g. series connection of PV cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/0216—Coatings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/02—Details
    • H01L31/0224—Electrodes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of solar energy, in particular to a photovoltaic module and a manufacturing method thereof.
  • the battery strings of traditional photovoltaic modules are electrically connected to adjacent cells through solder ribbons, and the solder ribbons connect the bus electrodes on the front of one cell and the bus electrodes on the back of the other adjacent cell.
  • the area between adjacent cells in the above-mentioned photovoltaic module is not fully utilized, which will increase the material and manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module.
  • the shingled module introduced in the industry cancels the gap between adjacent cells, and realizes the electrical connection of adjacent cells through conductive glue, without the need to set solder ribbons, but it also faces problems such as high cost of conductive glue materials and difficult rework. .
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module and a manufacturing method thereof, which can reduce the edge stress of the solar cell, reduce the abnormal cracking, and improve the quality of the photovoltaic module.
  • the present invention provides a photovoltaic module including a plurality of battery strings, and the battery strings include:
  • the solar cells including electrodes arranged on the surface of the cells;
  • Welding tape is used to connect two adjacent solar cells to connect the above-mentioned solar cells in series;
  • the buffer layer is arranged on the edge of the solar cell that crosses the welding ribbon and between the welding ribbon and the surface of the battery facing the welding ribbon.
  • the edges of two adjacent solar cells overlap each other to form an overlap space between the two adjacent solar cells, and the buffer layer is located in the overlap space.
  • the buffer layer includes a first buffer layer provided on the front of the solar cell and a second buffer layer provided on the back of the solar cell, and the first buffer layer and the second buffer layer are located at different locations. Side edge.
  • the buffer layer is elongated and extends along the edge, or the buffer layer includes n buffer disks arranged at intervals and corresponding to the position of the solder ribbon, and n is the surface of the solar cell on one side The number of ribbons to be set.
  • the solar cell is provided with the buffer layer at the edge of one side surface, and the edge is used for overlapping.
  • the size of the buffer layer in the extending direction of the welding ribbon is greater than or equal to the size of the overlapping space in the extending direction of the welding ribbon; preferably, the thickness of the buffer layer is 200-400um.
  • the buffer layer includes ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer EVA and/or polyolefin elastomer POE.
  • the welding tape includes a first section welded to the front electrode of the solar cell, a second section welded to the back electrode of another adjacent solar cell, and connecting the first section and the second section.
  • the transition section, the transition section is arranged in the overlapping space, the width of the transition section is greater than the width of the first section and/or the second section; preferably, the first section and The second section overlaps outside the overlapping space.
  • the electrode includes a plurality of bus bars extending along the arrangement direction of the plurality of batteries, the solder ribbon is welded to the bus bar, and the buffer layer and the bus bar are longitudinally There is a gap between the ends in the longitudinal direction.
  • the present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module, including: obtaining a first solar cell, one side surface of the first solar cell is provided with n electrodes extending in a first direction, and A solar cell has an adjacent edge perpendicular to the first direction;
  • the buffer layer is placed on the adjacent edge of the first solar cell surface.
  • the buffer layer is placed on the adjacent edge of the surface of the first solar cell before connecting one end of the n welding ribbons to the electrodes on one side surface of the first solar cell.
  • the method After placing the buffer layer on the adjacent edge of the surface of the first solar cell, and before connecting the other ends of the n solder ribbons to the electrodes on one side of the second solar cell, the method It also includes: pre-fixing the buffer layer to the adjacent edge.
  • the pre-fixing the buffer layer to the adjacent edge includes: heating the buffer layer to make the buffer layer adhere to the adjacent edge.
  • the strip-shaped buffer layer includes:
  • placing the buffer layer on the adjacent edge of the surface of the first solar cell includes:
  • the cut buffer layer is transferred along a second direction and placed on an adjacent edge of the surface of the first solar cell, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • placing the buffer layer on the adjacent edge of the surface of the first solar cell includes:
  • the present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module, including:
  • the surface of one side of the solar cell is provided with n electrodes extending in the first direction;
  • At least one dividing line is formed on the surface of one side of the solar cell to divide the solar cell into a plurality of battery strip regions, and the extending direction of the dividing line is perpendicular to the first direction;
  • a buffer layer is respectively arranged on one side surface of each battery strip area, and the buffer layer is arranged along the long side of the battery strip area;
  • the beneficial effect of the present invention is that the photovoltaic module of the present invention is provided with a buffer layer on the surface of the solar cell, and the buffer layer can be used to relieve the hard contact between the solar cell and the solder ribbon, thereby reducing the split rate of the photovoltaic module .
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overlapping state of two adjacent solar cells in a laminated photovoltaic module provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the soldering ribbon connecting two adjacent solar cells provided by the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a top view of a solar cell before division in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a top view of a solar cell before division in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a top view of the solar cell before division in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a top view of a solar cell before division in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overlapping state of solar cells in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overlapping state of solar cells in an embodiment of the present invention (taken along the cutting line).
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the connection state of two adjacent solar cells in the conventional photovoltaic module provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the main flow of a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the main flow of a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of the application.
  • first and second do not represent any sequence relationship, and are only for the convenience of description.
  • the terms “include”, “include”, or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements that are not explicitly listed. Elements, or also include elements inherent to such processes, methods, articles, or equipment. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
  • the manufacture of photovoltaic modules usually includes the steps of cell string preparation, lamination, installation of junction boxes, and testing.
  • the photovoltaic module manufacturing method provided in the embodiments of the present application aims to optimize the design of the cell string preparation steps and reduce the cell string In the edge stress of adjacent solar cells, the phenomenon of cracking is reduced.
  • the laminated photovoltaic module includes a plurality of battery strings arranged in a straight line, and each battery string includes a plurality of solar cells 1 arranged in an overlapping state, and is used to connect the solar cells 1 into a string (such as series).
  • the solar cell 1 has a surface 10 printed with a bus bar 11 (ie, an electrode) and a thin grid line (not shown) connected to the bus bar 11. Further, in order to increase the effective area of the solar cell 1 in the laminated photovoltaic module and improve the power and photovoltaic module efficiency, the edges of two adjacent solar cells 1 overlap to form an overlapping space (not labeled).
  • n solder ribbons 2 Two adjacent solar cells 1 are connected in series by n solder ribbons 2, where n is the number of bus bars 11 provided on one side surface 10 of the solar cell 1, that is, in the present invention, the solder ribbons 2 and the bus bars 11 One-to-one correspondence settings.
  • the welding ribbon 2 includes a first section 21 welded to the front busbar line 11 of one of the two solar cells 1 adjacent to the battery string, and another adjacent solar cell
  • the second section 22 connected to the bus bar 11 on the back of the battery 1 and the transition section 23 connecting the first section 21 and the second section 22.
  • the first section 21 can be a round wire welding ribbon or a polygonal welding ribbon to reduce the shading of the front side (that is, the light-receiving surface) of the solar cell 1;
  • the second section 22 can be a flat welding ribbon , To match the wider main grid line on the back of the solar cell 1 to reduce resistance and increase power.
  • the above-mentioned first section 21 and the second section 22 can be two independent sections of welding tape.
  • the first section 21 is welded to the front of a solar cell 1
  • the second section 22 is welded to the back of another solar cell 1
  • the ends of the first section 21 and the second section 22 are connected, and in actual production
  • the first section 21 and the second section 22 are usually overlapped outside the overlapping space.
  • the transition section 23 is arranged in the overlapping space, and the width of the transition section 23 may be greater than that of the first section 21 and/or the second section 22
  • the width of the transition section 23 is approximately flat, so as to increase the contact area between the transition section 23 and the contacting object in the overlapping space, and further reduce the possibility of the solar cell 1 breaking at the position of the laminate;
  • the flat transition section 23 can be obtained by flattening the conventional welding ribbon in a certain direction.
  • solder tape 2 in the present invention includes but is not limited to tin-plated copper tape or tin-coated copper tape, and the shape of the solder tape 2 in the foregoing embodiment is only exemplary and should not be limited thereto.
  • the “front side” mentioned here refers to the side of the solar cell 1 placed upward
  • the “back side” refers to the side opposite to the aforementioned front side and placed downward.
  • the front surface is usually a surface that directly receives solar radiation, that is, the light-receiving surface of a traditional solar cell.
  • the bus electrodes on the side surface are mostly continuously arranged and have a small width. It should be noted that the above-mentioned “front side” is not a limitation on the description of the direction of the positive and negative electrodes of the solar cell 1.
  • the buffer layer 3 is arranged at the edge where the solar cell 1 and the solder ribbon 2 intersect, and is located in the overlapping space. Specifically, the buffer layer 3 is located between the solder ribbon 2 and the surface 10 of the solar cell 1 facing the solder ribbon 2. This arrangement can effectively avoid the direct contact between the solar cell 1 and the solder ribbon 2 and solve the problem. In some photovoltaic modules, there is a problem of hard contact between the cell edge 1 and the solder ribbon 2.
  • the solar cell 1 can be a solar cell sheet of conventional size (approximately square), or a cell unit obtained by dividing a solar cell sheet of a conventional size;
  • the solar cell 1 is a solar cell sheet of conventional size.
  • the solar cell 1 in the present invention includes but is not limited to a crystalline silicon cell or a thin film cell.
  • the solar cell 1 has a first edge 13 and a second edge 14 that are opposite and parallel. Taking all three as an example (as shown in Figs. 3 to 5), the solar cell 1 can be divided into Three parallel buffer layers 3 are arranged on the top, and the number of buffer layers 3 is the same as the number of battery strips divided by a single solar cell 1.
  • the surface 10 of the solar cell 1 is provided with a first strip-shaped buffer layer 3a adjacent to the first edge 13 and a second strip-shaped buffer layer 3b adjacent to the second edge 14, and the cutting line 12 Located between the first strip-shaped buffer layer 3a and the second strip-shaped buffer layer 3b, adjacent cutting lines are also provided between the first strip-shaped buffer layer 3a and the second strip-shaped buffer layer 3b 12 set the middle strip buffer layer 3c.
  • This arrangement can reduce the specific gravity of overlapping two cut edges, and increase the specific gravity of overlapping a non-cut edge and a cut edge as much as possible, thereby improving the overall fragmentation rate of the assembly.
  • the buffer layer 3 is elongated and extends along the side of the solar cell 1.
  • the buffer layer 3 adopts the discontinuous A buffer layer design, wherein a plurality of rows of discontinuous buffer layers perpendicular to the main grid lines are formed on the surface 10, and each column of the buffer layer may include n buffer disks 12d arranged at intervals and corresponding to the position of the solder ribbon 2.
  • the size of 12d in the width direction of the main grid line may be greater than or equal to the width of the solder ribbon 2 to avoid direct contact between the transition section located in the overlapping space and the surface 10.
  • the buffer layer 3 is located on the surface of the solder ribbon 2 and the solar cells 1a, 1b with electrodes.
  • the buffer layer 3 may include a first buffer layer 3'provided on the front of the solar cell 1 and a second buffer layer 3" provided on the back of the solar cell 1, and the first buffer layer 3" A buffer layer 3'and the second buffer layer 3" are located on different side edges (as shown in FIG. 8).
  • the buffer layer 3 can be provided only on the edge of one side surface of the solar cell 1 (as shown in FIG. 7).
  • the buffer layer 3 is arranged in a single row and may include a plurality of buffer portions arranged at intervals and filled between two adjacent solder ribbons 2 12e.
  • the size of the buffer portion 12e in the thickness direction of the solar cell 1 can be larger than the size of the transition section 24 in the thickness direction of the solar cell 1, so that a passage for the transition section 24 to pass is formed between two adjacent buffer portions 12e. , Thereby alleviating the hard contact between the transition section 24 and the surface of the solar cell 1.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of obtaining two half-cell solar cells by cutting a solar cell 1 into two.
  • a layer of buffer material is applied to the laminated area of the solar cell 1 by screen printing, the width can be 0.8mm, and then the solvent is removed by baking at a low temperature of 80 ⁇ 100°C, leaving unpolymerized
  • the buffer material is about 300um.
  • the size of the buffer layer 3 in the extending direction of the welding ribbon 2 can be greater than or equal to the size of the overlapping space in the extending direction of the welding ribbon 2 to ensure that the welding ribbon 2 in the overlapping space is aligned.
  • the buffer layer 3 can be a transparent material so as not to block light.
  • the buffer layer 3 can be made of a material having a lower hardness than the welding tape 2, for example, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer EVA or polyolefin elastomer POE.
  • the process of forming the buffer layer 3 can be as follows: first, apply a layer of buffer material solvent on the surface of the battery by drip coating or spin coating, and then remove the solvent by baking to leave unpolymerized buffer material on the battery surface.
  • the buffer layer 3 is formed.
  • a solid buffer layer 3 can also be used and fixed at a specific position on the surface of the solar cell 1.
  • the thickness of the buffer layer 3 may be 200-400um, so as to take into account the buffer effect and material cost.
  • FIG. 9 it is a conventional photovoltaic module provided by the present invention.
  • a conventional photovoltaic module there is a certain gap or a gap close to zero between two adjacent solar cells 1; and in this module, the buffer layer 3 provided at the edge of the solar cell 1 is also applicable, which also solves the problem.
  • the present invention also provides a method for manufacturing photovoltaic modules.
  • the manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module includes the following steps:
  • One side surface 10 of the first solar cell 1' is provided with n electrodes (not numbered) extending in a first direction, and the first solar cell 1'has a direction perpendicular to the first direction. Adjacent edge
  • a second solar cell 1" is obtained, and one side surface 10 of the second solar cell 1'is provided with n electrodes extending in the first direction;
  • first solar cell 1'and the second solar cell 1" have the same structure as the aforementioned solar cell 1, that is, to facilitate the description of the connection method between the solar cells 1, in this embodiment
  • the solar cell 1 has been renamed and labeled, but it should not be limited to this.
  • the edge between two adjacent solar cells 1 and perpendicular to the first direction is the adjacent edge
  • the buffer layer 3 is placed on the adjacent edge of the front surface of the first solar cell 1'.
  • the buffer layer 3 is placed on the adjacent edge of the surface 10 of the first solar cell 1 ′ after connecting one end of the n solder ribbons 2 to the electrodes on one side surface 10 of the first solar cell 1 ′.
  • the welding ribbon 2 is first aligned and placed on the front surface of the first solar cell 1'.
  • the welding ribbon 2 extends in the first direction and beyond the first solar cell 1'.
  • the first section 21 of the welding ribbon 2 is The electrodes on the surface 10 of the first solar cell 1 ′ are electrically connected; and the buffer layer 3 is pressed on the welding ribbon 2 and is in contact with the transition section 23.
  • the abutting edge of the back of the second solar cell 1" is superimposed on the buffer layer 3.
  • the first solar cell 1'and the second solar cell 1" form a corresponding overlapping space along the abutting edges of the two ,
  • the transition section 23 is located in the overlapping space between the first solar cell 1'and the second solar cell 1".
  • the second section 22 of the welding ribbon 2 is electrically connected to the electrode on the back of the second solar cell 1" to complete the series connection of the first solar cell 1'and the second solar cell 1".
  • the buffer layer 3 undergoes its own deformation during the lamination process, and the formation between the adjacent solder ribbons 2 is consistent with the formation of the two adjacent solar cells 1 (ie, the first solar cell 1'and the second solar cell 1" )
  • the filling layer in contact with each other avoids hard contact between the solder ribbon 2 and the solar cells 1 on both sides and reduces the edge stress. Repeating the above method steps can produce the corresponding battery string. Compared with the prior art, only additional Place the buffer layer in 3 steps, which matches well with the existing manufacturing process, which is convenient for on-site process upgrade and implementation.
  • placing the buffer layer 3 on the adjacent edge of the surface of the first solar cell 1' specifically includes: cutting to obtain a strip-shaped buffer layer 3 of a predetermined size; and then transferring the cut buffer layer 3 to the second direction along the second direction.
  • a solar cell 1' it is placed on the adjacent edge of the front surface of the first solar cell 1'; wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the mechanism for transferring the buffer layer 3 moves along the direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first solar cells 1 ′, so as to avoid interference effects on the alignment of the welding ribbon 2.
  • the buffer layer 3 is pulled along the arrangement direction perpendicular to the first solar cell 1', and cut to obtain a buffer layer 3 of a predetermined length , And placed on the adjacent edge of the front surface of the first solar cell 1'.
  • the width of the wound buffer layer 3 is the width required for manufacturing the aforementioned photovoltaic module.
  • the manufacturing method also includes using vacuum adsorption to fix the first solar cell 1'on a predetermined working platform, which not only ensures the relative position of the two solar cells 1 connected in series, but also avoids the welding ribbon 2 and the buffer layer. 3 An offset occurred during the movement.
  • the buffer layer 3 is then placed, which can provide better results for the solder ribbon 2 and the front of the solar cell 1.
  • the electrical connection of the solder ribbon 2 and the solar cell 1 can better maintain a relatively fixed position during the subsequent preparation process.
  • the feature that is different from the previous embodiment is that before connecting one end of the n solder ribbons to the electrodes on one side surface of the first solar cell 1', the buffer layer 3 It is placed on the adjacent edge of the surface of the first solar cell 1 ′, and the first section 21 is electrically connected with the electrode on the front surface of the first solar cell 1 ′, and the transition section 23 is in contact with the buffer layer 3.
  • the manufacturing method further includes stacking the edge of the back of another solar cell 1 on the edge of the front of the solar cell 1 to form the overlap space.
  • pre-fixing the buffer layer 3 to the adjacent edge includes: heating the buffer layer 3 to make the buffer layer adhere to the adjacent edge.
  • the pre-fixing process includes: heating the buffer layer 3 so that the buffer layer 3 is bonded to the front side of the solar cell 1 or the back side of another solar cell 1.
  • the buffer layer 3 can be It is pre-bonded with the transition section 23 of the welding ribbon 2 to improve the positional stability of the welding ribbon 2.
  • the buffer layer 3 and the solar cell 1 or another solar cell 1 can also be pre-fixed by gluing, that is, The surface of the buffer layer 3 and/or the surface of the solar cell 1, the surface of the buffer layer 3 and/or the surface of the other solar cell 1 is coated with a corresponding adhesive so that the buffer layer 3 is placed on the solar cell 1. After the edge of the front side or the edge of the back side of another solar cell 1, pre-fixation is realized.
  • the buffer layer 3 includes a first buffer layer 3'and a second buffer layer 3", and the manufacturing method includes sequentially combining the first buffer layer 3'and the solder ribbon 2 After placing on the front of the solar cell 1, place the second buffer layer 3" on the edge of the front of the solar cell 1 and cover the transition section 23; then, layer another solar cell 1 on the second buffer layer 3".
  • the first buffer layer 3'and the second buffer layer 3" can be pre-fixed on the front of the solar cell 1 and the back of the other solar cell 1, respectively.
  • the transition section 23 is located between the first buffer layer 3'and the second buffer layer 3" That is, the solder ribbon 2 is not in direct hard contact with the solar cell 1 and the other solar cell 1.
  • the specifications of the first buffer layer 3'and the second buffer layer 3" are consistent.
  • the sum of the thickness of the first buffer layer 3'and the second buffer layer 3" is greater than or equal to the thickness of the transition section 23, which can effectively reduce the edge stress effect of the overlapping space and reduce the edge Crack abnormal.
  • the manufacturing method may also include pre-welding the welding ribbon 2 to the corresponding electrode on the front of the solar cell 1, which can be implemented by local spot welding or bonding.
  • pre-welding the welding ribbon 2 to the corresponding electrode on the front of the solar cell 1 which can be implemented by local spot welding or bonding.
  • the manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module of the present invention further includes:
  • n electrodes namely, main grid lines 11
  • At least one dividing line 17 is formed on the side surface 10 of the solar cell 1 to divide the solar cell 1 into a plurality of battery strip regions, and the extending direction of the dividing line 17 is perpendicular to the first direction;
  • a buffer layer 3 is respectively provided on one side surface of each battery strip area, and the buffer layer 3 is arranged along the long side of the battery strip area;
  • the battery bar has a first edge 13 and a second edge 14 that extend in parallel along the long sides of the battery bar area, and the surface of the battery bar is provided with a first strip-shaped buffer layer adjacent to the first edge 13 3a and the second strip-shaped buffer layer 3b adjacent to the second edge 14, the cutting line 17 is located between the first strip-shaped buffer layer 3a and the second strip-shaped buffer layer 3b, so that Minimize the ratio of overlapping two cutting edges in laminated photovoltaic modules.
  • the present application places a buffer layer 3 matching the solder ribbon 2 between the adjacent solar cells 1 to reduce the pressing force between the solder ribbon 2 and two adjacent solar cells 1 and reduce the edge
  • the stress has the effect of alleviating the hard contact between the solar cell 1 and the soldering ribbon 2, thereby reducing the split rate of the photovoltaic module; and the manufacturing method provided in this application has a good compatibility with the existing photovoltaic module manufacturing process. Conducive to on-site implementation.

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Abstract

Provided are a photovoltaic assembly and a manufacturing method thereof. The photovoltaic assembly comprises a plurality of cell strings. The cell string comprises a plurality of solar cells, a soldering strip and a buffer layer. The soldering strip is used to connect two adjacent solar cells, such that the plurality of solar cells are connected into a string. The buffer layer can be provided at an edge of the solar cell over which the soldering strip crosses and positioned between a surface of the solar cell provided with an electrode and the soldering strip. In the photovoltaic assembly of the present invention, a buffer layer is provided at a surface of a solar cell to cushion the hard contact between the solar cell and a soldering strip, thereby reducing a cell breakage rate of the photovoltaic assembly.

Description

光伏组件及其制造方法Photovoltaic module and its manufacturing method
本申请要求了申请日为2019年3月7日，申请号为201910171480.0，发明名称为“光伏组件及其制造方法”以及申请日为2019年7月9日，申请号为201910616091.4，发明名称为“光伏组件的制造方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。This application requires that the application date is March 7, 2019, the application number is 201910171480.0, the invention name is "photovoltaic module and its manufacturing method" and the application date is July 9, 2019, the application number is 201910616091.4, and the invention name is " The priority of the Chinese patent application for "Method of Manufacturing Photovoltaic Modules", the entire content of which is incorporated in this application by reference.
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及太阳能领域，尤其涉及一种光伏组件及其制造方法。The invention relates to the field of solar energy, in particular to a photovoltaic module and a manufacturing method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
传统光伏组件的电池串是通过焊带实现相邻电池片的电性连接，上述焊带连接其一电池片正面的汇流电极与另一相邻电池片背面的汇流电极。上述光伏组件中相邻电池片之间的区域未能得到充分利用，还会增加光伏组件的物料与制造成本。业内推出的叠瓦组件则取消了相邻电池片的片间距，通过导电胶实现相邻电池片的电性相连，无需设置焊带，但其亦面临着导电胶材料成本高昂，不易返工等问题。鉴于此，近年业内尝试将相邻电池片的边缘进行交叠的同时，采用焊带实现相邻电池片的电连接，此一类“叠焊”组件的电池片边缘位置与若干焊带直接硬性接触，应力较大，易出现隐裂异常。The battery strings of traditional photovoltaic modules are electrically connected to adjacent cells through solder ribbons, and the solder ribbons connect the bus electrodes on the front of one cell and the bus electrodes on the back of the other adjacent cell. The area between adjacent cells in the above-mentioned photovoltaic module is not fully utilized, which will increase the material and manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module. The shingled module introduced in the industry cancels the gap between adjacent cells, and realizes the electrical connection of adjacent cells through conductive glue, without the need to set solder ribbons, but it also faces problems such as high cost of conductive glue materials and difficult rework. . In view of this, in recent years, the industry has tried to overlap the edges of adjacent cells, and at the same time use soldering tape to realize the electrical connection of adjacent cells. The edge position of the cell of this type of "stack welding" assembly is directly hardened with several soldering tapes. Contact, high stress, easy to appear abnormal cracks.
有鉴于此，有必要提供一种光伏组件的制造方法，能够有效改善上述问题，且便于业内推广实施。In view of this, it is necessary to provide a method for manufacturing photovoltaic modules, which can effectively improve the above-mentioned problems and facilitate the promotion and implementation in the industry.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本发明的目的在于提供一种光伏组件及其制造方法，能够降低太阳电池的边缘应力，减少隐裂异常，提高光伏组件质量。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic module and a manufacturing method thereof, which can reduce the edge stress of the solar cell, reduce the abnormal cracking, and improve the quality of the photovoltaic module.
为实现上述发明目的，本发明提供了一种光伏组件，包括若干电池串列，所述电池串列包括：In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module including a plurality of battery strings, and the battery strings include:
若干太阳电池，所述太阳电池包括设于电池表面的电极；Several solar cells, the solar cells including electrodes arranged on the surface of the cells;
焊带，用于连接相邻两太阳电池以将上述若干太阳电池连成串；Welding tape is used to connect two adjacent solar cells to connect the above-mentioned solar cells in series;
缓冲层，设于所述太阳电池上与焊带交叉的边缘并位于所述焊带和面向该焊带的电池表面之间。The buffer layer is arranged on the edge of the solar cell that crosses the welding ribbon and between the welding ribbon and the surface of the battery facing the welding ribbon.
作为本发明的进一步改进，相邻两太阳电池的边缘相互交叠以在相邻两太阳电池之间形成交叠空间，所述缓冲层位于所述交叠空间内。As a further improvement of the present invention, the edges of two adjacent solar cells overlap each other to form an overlap space between the two adjacent solar cells, and the buffer layer is located in the overlap space.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述缓冲层包括设于太阳电池正面的第一缓冲层和设于太阳电池背面的第二缓冲层，并且所述第一缓冲层和所述第二缓冲层位于不同侧边缘。As a further improvement of the present invention, the buffer layer includes a first buffer layer provided on the front of the solar cell and a second buffer layer provided on the back of the solar cell, and the first buffer layer and the second buffer layer are located at different locations. Side edge.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述缓冲层呈长条状且沿所述边缘延伸，或所述缓冲层包括n个间隔设置且与焊带位置对应的缓冲盘，n为太阳电池单侧电池表面设置的焊带数量。As a further improvement of the present invention, the buffer layer is elongated and extends along the edge, or the buffer layer includes n buffer disks arranged at intervals and corresponding to the position of the solder ribbon, and n is the surface of the solar cell on one side The number of ribbons to be set.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述太阳电池在一侧表面的边缘处设有所述缓冲层，所述边缘用于交叠。As a further improvement of the present invention, the solar cell is provided with the buffer layer at the edge of one side surface, and the edge is used for overlapping.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述缓冲层在焊带延伸方向上的尺寸大于或等于所述交叠空间在焊带延伸方向上的尺寸；优选的，所述缓冲层的厚度为200～400um。As a further improvement of the present invention, the size of the buffer layer in the extending direction of the welding ribbon is greater than or equal to the size of the overlapping space in the extending direction of the welding ribbon; preferably, the thickness of the buffer layer is 200-400um.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述缓冲层包括乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物EVA和/或聚烯烃弹性体POE。As a further improvement of the present invention, the buffer layer includes ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer EVA and/or polyolefin elastomer POE.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述焊带包含与太阳电池正面电极焊接的第一段、与相邻的另一太阳电池的背面电极焊接的第二段、以及连接上述第一段和第二段的过渡段，所述过渡段被安置在所述交叠空间内，所述过渡段的宽度大于所述第一段和/或所述第二段的宽度；优选的，所述第一段与所述第二段在所述交叠空间外相搭接。As a further improvement of the present invention, the welding tape includes a first section welded to the front electrode of the solar cell, a second section welded to the back electrode of another adjacent solar cell, and connecting the first section and the second section. The transition section, the transition section is arranged in the overlapping space, the width of the transition section is greater than the width of the first section and/or the second section; preferably, the first section and The second section overlaps outside the overlapping space.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述电极包括若干沿所述若干电池的排列方 向延伸的主栅线，所述焊带焊接于所述主栅线上，所述缓冲层和所述主栅线纵长方向上的端部之间具有间隙。As a further improvement of the present invention, the electrode includes a plurality of bus bars extending along the arrangement direction of the plurality of batteries, the solder ribbon is welded to the bus bar, and the buffer layer and the bus bar are longitudinally There is a gap between the ends in the longitudinal direction.
为实现上述发明目的，本发明还提供了一种光伏组件的制造方法，包括：获得第一太阳电池，该第一太阳电池的一侧表面设有n条沿第一方向延伸的电极，该第一太阳电池具有垂直于第一方向的邻接边缘；In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module, including: obtaining a first solar cell, one side surface of the first solar cell is provided with n electrodes extending in a first direction, and A solar cell has an adjacent edge perpendicular to the first direction;
获得n条焊带；Obtain n welding ribbons;
将n条焊带的一端分别与第一太阳电池的一侧表面的电极连接；Connect one end of the n solder ribbons to the electrodes on one side of the first solar cell;
获得条状的缓冲层；Obtain a strip-shaped buffer layer;
将缓冲层放置于第一太阳电池表面的邻接边缘；Placing the buffer layer on the adjacent edge of the surface of the first solar cell;
获得第二太阳电池，该第二太阳电池的一侧表面设有n条沿第一方向延伸的电极；Obtain a second solar cell, and one side surface of the second solar cell is provided with n electrodes extending in the first direction;
将n条焊带的另一端分别与第二太阳电池的一侧表面的电极连接，并使第一太阳电池和第二太阳电池的边缘相交叠。Connect the other ends of the n solder ribbons to the electrodes on one side of the second solar cell, and make the edges of the first solar cell and the second solar cell overlap.
作为本发明的进一步改进，在将n条焊带的一端分别与第一太阳电池的一侧表面的电极连接之后，将缓冲层放置于第一太阳电池表面的邻接边缘。As a further improvement of the present invention, after connecting one end of the n welding ribbons to the electrodes on one side surface of the first solar cell, the buffer layer is placed on the adjacent edge of the first solar cell surface.
作为本发明的进一步改进，在将n条焊带的一端分别与第一太阳电池的一侧表面的电极连接之前，将缓冲层放置于第一太阳电池表面的邻接边缘。As a further improvement of the present invention, the buffer layer is placed on the adjacent edge of the surface of the first solar cell before connecting one end of the n welding ribbons to the electrodes on one side surface of the first solar cell.
作为本发明的进一步改进，在将缓冲层放置于第一太阳电池表面的邻接边缘之后，且在将n条焊带的另一端分别与第二太阳电池的一侧表面的电极连接之前，该方法还包括：将缓冲层预固定于所述邻接边缘。As a further improvement of the present invention, after placing the buffer layer on the adjacent edge of the surface of the first solar cell, and before connecting the other ends of the n solder ribbons to the electrodes on one side of the second solar cell, the method It also includes: pre-fixing the buffer layer to the adjacent edge.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述将缓冲层预固定于所述邻接边缘包括：对缓冲层进行加热，使得所述缓冲层与邻接边缘相粘结。As a further improvement of the present invention, the pre-fixing the buffer layer to the adjacent edge includes: heating the buffer layer to make the buffer layer adhere to the adjacent edge.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述获得条状的缓冲层包括：As a further improvement of the present invention, the strip-shaped buffer layer includes:
裁切得到既定尺寸的条状缓冲层；Cut to obtain a strip buffer layer of a predetermined size;
相应于，所述将缓冲层放置于第一太阳电池表面的邻接边缘包括：Correspondingly, placing the buffer layer on the adjacent edge of the surface of the first solar cell includes:
将裁切所得的缓冲层沿第二方向转移并放置到第一太阳电池表面的邻接边缘，其中，所述第二方向与第一方向垂直。The cut buffer layer is transferred along a second direction and placed on an adjacent edge of the surface of the first solar cell, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述将缓冲层放置于第一太阳电池表面的邻接边缘包括：As a further improvement of the present invention, placing the buffer layer on the adjacent edge of the surface of the first solar cell includes:
将所述第一太阳电池传输至既定位置；Transmitting the first solar cell to a predetermined location;
沿第二方向拉取缓冲层，裁切得到既定长度的缓冲层并放置到第一太阳电池表面的邻接边缘。Pull the buffer layer in the second direction, cut to obtain a buffer layer of a predetermined length, and place it on the adjacent edge of the surface of the first solar cell.
为实现上述发明目的，本发明还提供了一种光伏组件的制造方法，包括：To achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the present invention also provides a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module, including:
获得太阳电池，该太阳电池的一侧表面设有n条沿第一方向延伸的电极；Obtain a solar cell, the surface of one side of the solar cell is provided with n electrodes extending in the first direction;
在太阳电池一侧表面形成至少一条分割线，以将该太阳电池分为多个电池条区域，该分割线的延伸方向垂直于第一方向；At least one dividing line is formed on the surface of one side of the solar cell to divide the solar cell into a plurality of battery strip regions, and the extending direction of the dividing line is perpendicular to the first direction;
在各电池条区域的一侧表面分别设置缓冲层，该缓冲层沿电池条区域的长边布置；A buffer layer is respectively arranged on one side surface of each battery strip area, and the buffer layer is arranged along the long side of the battery strip area;
将带有缓冲层的太阳电池沿分割线分割成至少两个电池条；Divide the solar cell with the buffer layer into at least two cell strips along the dividing line;
获得n条焊带；Obtain n welding ribbons;
将n条焊带的一端分别与一电池条的一侧表面的电极连接；Connect one end of the n strips of welding tape to the electrode on one side surface of a battery strip;
将n条焊带的另一端分别与另一电池条的一侧表面的电极连接，并使相邻两电池条的边缘相交叠。Connect the other ends of the n solder ribbons to the electrodes on one side surface of another battery bar, and make the edges of two adjacent battery bars overlap.
本发明的有益效果是：本发明的光伏组件通过在太阳电池表面设置缓冲层，可以利用该缓冲层起到缓解太阳电池与焊带之间的硬性接触的效果，从而降低了光伏组件的裂片率。The beneficial effect of the present invention is that the photovoltaic module of the present invention is provided with a buffer layer on the surface of the solar cell, and the buffer layer can be used to relieve the hard contact between the solar cell and the solder ribbon, thereby reducing the split rate of the photovoltaic module .
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1为本发明提供的叠片式光伏组件中相邻两太阳电池相交叠状态的示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overlapping state of two adjacent solar cells in a laminated photovoltaic module provided by the present invention.
图2为本发明提供的连接相邻两太阳电池的焊带结构示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the soldering ribbon connecting two adjacent solar cells provided by the present invention.
图3为本发明一实施例中分割前的太阳电池的俯视图。Fig. 3 is a top view of a solar cell before division in an embodiment of the present invention.
图4为本发明一实施例中分割前的太阳电池的俯视图。Fig. 4 is a top view of a solar cell before division in an embodiment of the present invention.
图5为本发明一实施例中分割前的太阳电池的俯视图。Fig. 5 is a top view of the solar cell before division in an embodiment of the present invention.
图6为本发明一实施例中分割前的太阳电池的俯视图。Fig. 6 is a top view of a solar cell before division in an embodiment of the present invention.
图7为本发明一实施例中太阳电池相交叠状态的截面示意图。FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overlapping state of solar cells in an embodiment of the present invention.
图8为本发明一实施例中太阳电池相交叠状态的截面示意图(沿切割线方向截取)。Fig. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overlapping state of solar cells in an embodiment of the present invention (taken along the cutting line).
图9为本发明提供的常规式光伏组件中相邻两太阳电池连接状态的示意图。Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the connection state of two adjacent solar cells in the conventional photovoltaic module provided by the present invention.
图10为本发明一实施例提供的光伏组件的制造方法的主要流程示意图。FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the main flow of a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图11为本申请另一实施例提供的光伏组件的制造方法的主要流程示意图。FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of the main flow of a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to another embodiment of the application.
具体实施方式detailed description
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明进行详细描述。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
在此，需要说明的是，为了避免因不必要的细节而模糊了本发明，在附图中仅仅示出了与本发明的方案密切相关的结构和/或处理步骤，而省略了与本发明关系不大的其他细节。Here, it should be noted that in order to avoid obscuring the present invention due to unnecessary details, only the structure and/or processing steps closely related to the solution of the present invention are shown in the drawings, and the present invention is omitted. Other minor details.
另外，还需要说明的是，“第一”、“第二”不代表任何的序列关系，仅是为了方便描述进行的区分。术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本申请中的具体含义。In addition, it should be noted that "first" and "second" do not represent any sequence relationship, and are only for the convenience of description. The terms "include", "include", or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements that are not explicitly listed. Elements, or also include elements inherent to such processes, methods, articles, or equipment. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.
光伏组件的制造通常包括电池串制备、层压、安装接线盒以及测试等步骤，本申请实施例提供的光伏组件的制造方法旨在对所述电池串制备步骤进行优化设计，降低所述电池串中相邻太阳电池的边缘应力，减少隐裂现象。The manufacture of photovoltaic modules usually includes the steps of cell string preparation, lamination, installation of junction boxes, and testing. The photovoltaic module manufacturing method provided in the embodiments of the present application aims to optimize the design of the cell string preparation steps and reduce the cell string In the edge stress of adjacent solar cells, the phenomenon of cracking is reduced.
请参阅图1所示，为本发明提供的一种叠片式光伏组件。叠片式光伏组件包括若干呈直线排列的电池串列，且每个电池串列均包括若干呈相交叠状 态设置的太阳电池1、用于将所述太阳电池1连接成串(如串联)的焊带2以及位于太阳电池1和焊带2之间的缓冲层3。Please refer to Figure 1, which is a laminated photovoltaic module provided by the present invention. The laminated photovoltaic module includes a plurality of battery strings arranged in a straight line, and each battery string includes a plurality of solar cells 1 arranged in an overlapping state, and is used to connect the solar cells 1 into a string (such as series). The solder ribbon 2 and the buffer layer 3 between the solar cell 1 and the solder ribbon 2.
太阳电池1具有印刷有主栅线11(即电极)和与该主栅线11相连的细栅线(未图示)的表面10。进一步的，为增加叠片式的光伏组件中太阳电池1的有效面积，提高功率和光伏组件效率，相邻两太阳电池1的边缘相交叠以形成交叠空间(未标号)。The solar cell 1 has a surface 10 printed with a bus bar 11 (ie, an electrode) and a thin grid line (not shown) connected to the bus bar 11. Further, in order to increase the effective area of the solar cell 1 in the laminated photovoltaic module and improve the power and photovoltaic module efficiency, the edges of two adjacent solar cells 1 overlap to form an overlapping space (not labeled).
相邻两太阳电池1通过n根焊带2串接，其中，n为太阳电池1单侧表面10设置的主栅线11的条数，即在本发明中，焊带2与主栅线11一一对应设置。Two adjacent solar cells 1 are connected in series by n solder ribbons 2, where n is the number of bus bars 11 provided on one side surface 10 of the solar cell 1, that is, in the present invention, the solder ribbons 2 and the bus bars 11 One-to-one correspondence settings.
请参阅图2所示，焊带2包含与电池串中相邻设置的两个太阳电池1中的一个太阳电池1的正面主栅线11焊接的第一段21、与相邻的另一太阳电池1的背面主栅线11相连的第二段22以及连接第一段21和第二段22的过渡段23。Please refer to Figure 2, the welding ribbon 2 includes a first section 21 welded to the front busbar line 11 of one of the two solar cells 1 adjacent to the battery string, and another adjacent solar cell The second section 22 connected to the bus bar 11 on the back of the battery 1 and the transition section 23 connecting the first section 21 and the second section 22.
在本发明一具体实施例中，所述第一段21可以选用圆线焊带或多边形焊带，以降低太阳电池1正面(即受光面)的遮光；上述第二段22可以选用扁平焊带，以配合太阳电池1背面较宽的主栅线，降低电阻并提高功率。鉴于第一段21和第二段22需使用不同类型的焊带，上述第一段21和第二段22可以是彼此独立的两段焊带，在串焊时，可以将所述第一段21焊接于一太阳电池1的正面，将所述第二段22焊接于另一太阳电池1的背面，之后，再将第一段21和第二段22的端部进行连接，且在实际生产中，所述第一段21与所述第二段22通常在所述交叠空间外相搭接。In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first section 21 can be a round wire welding ribbon or a polygonal welding ribbon to reduce the shading of the front side (that is, the light-receiving surface) of the solar cell 1; the second section 22 can be a flat welding ribbon , To match the wider main grid line on the back of the solar cell 1 to reduce resistance and increase power. In view of the fact that the first section 21 and the second section 22 need to use different types of welding tape, the above-mentioned first section 21 and the second section 22 can be two independent sections of welding tape. When stringing, the first section 21 is welded to the front of a solar cell 1, the second section 22 is welded to the back of another solar cell 1, and then the ends of the first section 21 and the second section 22 are connected, and in actual production Here, the first section 21 and the second section 22 are usually overlapped outside the overlapping space.
进一步的在本实施例的叠片式光伏组件中，所述过渡段23被安置在交叠空间内，该过渡段23的宽度可大于所述第一段21和/或所述第二段22的宽度，从而使得过渡段23大致呈扁平状，以加大过渡段23在交叠空间内与相接触物体之间的接触面积，进一步降低太阳电池1在叠片位置处破裂的可能；优选的，所述扁平状的过渡段23可以通过将常规焊带沿着一定方向进行压扁来获得。Further, in the laminated photovoltaic module of this embodiment, the transition section 23 is arranged in the overlapping space, and the width of the transition section 23 may be greater than that of the first section 21 and/or the second section 22 The width of the transition section 23 is approximately flat, so as to increase the contact area between the transition section 23 and the contacting object in the overlapping space, and further reduce the possibility of the solar cell 1 breaking at the position of the laminate; The flat transition section 23 can be obtained by flattening the conventional welding ribbon in a certain direction.
需要说明的是，本发明中的焊带2包括但不限于镀锡铜带或涂锡铜带，且上述实施例中焊带2的形状仅为示例性的，不应以此为限。进一步的，此处所述的“正面”是指所述太阳电池1向上放置的一面，“背面”则是指与前述正面相背并朝下放置的一面。其中，所述正面通常为直接接收太阳辐照的表面，也即传统太阳电池的受光面，该侧表面的汇流电极多呈连续设置且宽度较小。需要说明的是，上述“正面”并非对太阳电池1正、负极方向的描述限定。It should be noted that the solder tape 2 in the present invention includes but is not limited to tin-plated copper tape or tin-coated copper tape, and the shape of the solder tape 2 in the foregoing embodiment is only exemplary and should not be limited thereto. Further, the “front side” mentioned here refers to the side of the solar cell 1 placed upward, and the “back side” refers to the side opposite to the aforementioned front side and placed downward. Wherein, the front surface is usually a surface that directly receives solar radiation, that is, the light-receiving surface of a traditional solar cell. The bus electrodes on the side surface are mostly continuously arranged and have a small width. It should be noted that the above-mentioned “front side” is not a limitation on the description of the direction of the positive and negative electrodes of the solar cell 1.
缓冲层3设置在所述太阳电池1与所述焊带2交叉的边缘处，且位于所述交叠空间内。具体来讲，缓冲层3位于所述焊带2和面向该焊带2的太阳电池1的表面10之间，如此设置，可有效避免太阳电池1和焊带2间的直接接触，解决了现有的光伏组件中电池边缘1和焊带2间硬性接触的问题。The buffer layer 3 is arranged at the edge where the solar cell 1 and the solder ribbon 2 intersect, and is located in the overlapping space. Specifically, the buffer layer 3 is located between the solder ribbon 2 and the surface 10 of the solar cell 1 facing the solder ribbon 2. This arrangement can effectively avoid the direct contact between the solar cell 1 and the solder ribbon 2 and solve the problem. In some photovoltaic modules, there is a problem of hard contact between the cell edge 1 and the solder ribbon 2.
在本发明提供的光伏组件中，太阳电池1可以采用常规尺寸(大致呈正方形)的太阳电池片，也可以采用由常规尺寸的太阳电池片分割而得的电池单元；为方便描述，本文所述的太阳电池1即为常规尺寸的太阳电池片。进一步的，在本发明中所述太阳电池1包括但不限于晶体硅电池或薄膜电池。In the photovoltaic module provided by the present invention, the solar cell 1 can be a solar cell sheet of conventional size (approximately square), or a cell unit obtained by dividing a solar cell sheet of a conventional size; The solar cell 1 is a solar cell sheet of conventional size. Further, the solar cell 1 in the present invention includes but is not limited to a crystalline silicon cell or a thin film cell.
请参阅图3～图6所示，在通过常规尺寸的太阳电池片分割获取本发明的太阳电池1时，所述太阳电池1上绘制有若干平行的切割线12，切割线12的数量取决于所需分割的电池条数量。Please refer to Figures 3 to 6, when the solar cell 1 of the present invention is obtained by dividing the solar cell sheet of conventional size, a number of parallel cutting lines 12 are drawn on the solar cell 1, and the number of the cutting lines 12 depends on The number of battery bars to be divided.
具体来讲，太阳电池1具有相对且平行的第一边缘13和第二边缘14，以一切三为例(如图3～图5所示)，在分割之前，可以预先在所述太阳电池1上设置3条平行的缓冲层3，缓冲层3数量与单个太阳电池1分割的电池条数量一致。Specifically, the solar cell 1 has a first edge 13 and a second edge 14 that are opposite and parallel. Taking all three as an example (as shown in Figs. 3 to 5), the solar cell 1 can be divided into Three parallel buffer layers 3 are arranged on the top, and the number of buffer layers 3 is the same as the number of battery strips divided by a single solar cell 1.
进一步的，所述太阳电池1的表面10设有邻近所述第一边缘13的第一条状缓冲层3a和邻近所述第二边缘14的第二条状缓冲层3b，所述切割线12位于所述第一条状缓冲层3a和所述第二条状缓冲层3b之间，所述第一条状缓冲层3a和所述第二条状缓冲层3b之间还设有邻近切割线12设置的中间条状缓冲层3c。如此设置，可以降低将两个被切割边缘相叠的比重，而尽可 能提高将一非切割边缘与一切割边缘相叠的比重，从而改善组件整体的破片率。Further, the surface 10 of the solar cell 1 is provided with a first strip-shaped buffer layer 3a adjacent to the first edge 13 and a second strip-shaped buffer layer 3b adjacent to the second edge 14, and the cutting line 12 Located between the first strip-shaped buffer layer 3a and the second strip-shaped buffer layer 3b, adjacent cutting lines are also provided between the first strip-shaped buffer layer 3a and the second strip-shaped buffer layer 3b 12 set the middle strip buffer layer 3c. This arrangement can reduce the specific gravity of overlapping two cut edges, and increase the specific gravity of overlapping a non-cut edge and a cut edge as much as possible, thereby improving the overall fragmentation rate of the assembly.
请参阅图3及图4所示，缓冲层3呈长条状并沿着太阳电池1的侧边延伸，在本发明另一较佳实施例中，缓冲层3采用如图5所示的间断式缓冲层设计，其中，表面10上形成有多列与主栅线垂直的间断式缓冲层，每一列缓冲层可包括n个间隔设置且与焊带2位置对应的缓冲盘12d，该缓冲盘12d在主栅线宽度方向上的尺寸可以大于或等于所述焊带2的宽度，以避免位于交叠空间内的过渡段和表面10的直接接触。Please refer to Figures 3 and 4, the buffer layer 3 is elongated and extends along the side of the solar cell 1. In another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the buffer layer 3 adopts the discontinuous A buffer layer design, wherein a plurality of rows of discontinuous buffer layers perpendicular to the main grid lines are formed on the surface 10, and each column of the buffer layer may include n buffer disks 12d arranged at intervals and corresponding to the position of the solder ribbon 2. The size of 12d in the width direction of the main grid line may be greater than or equal to the width of the solder ribbon 2 to avoid direct contact between the transition section located in the overlapping space and the surface 10.
配合参照图1、图7以及图8所示，在电池串列内，相邻的太阳电池1a和太阳电池1b相交叠，缓冲层3位于焊带2和太阳电池1a、1b设有电极的表面10之间。具体来讲，对于同一个太阳电池1而言，缓冲层3可以包括设于太阳电池1正面的第一缓冲层3'和设于太阳电池1背面的第二缓冲层3”，并且所述第一缓冲层3'和所述第二缓冲层3”位于不同侧边缘(如图8)。当然，作为另一种可行的方案，可以只在太阳电池1的一侧表面边缘设置所述缓冲层3(如图7)。As shown in Figure 1, Figure 7 and Figure 8, in the battery string, adjacent solar cells 1a and 1b overlap, and the buffer layer 3 is located on the surface of the solder ribbon 2 and the solar cells 1a, 1b with electrodes. Between 10. Specifically, for the same solar cell 1, the buffer layer 3 may include a first buffer layer 3'provided on the front of the solar cell 1 and a second buffer layer 3" provided on the back of the solar cell 1, and the first buffer layer 3" A buffer layer 3'and the second buffer layer 3" are located on different side edges (as shown in FIG. 8). Of course, as another feasible solution, the buffer layer 3 can be provided only on the edge of one side surface of the solar cell 1 (as shown in FIG. 7).
请参阅图7并结合图5所示，在本发明另一实施例中，缓冲层3呈单列设置且可以包括多个间隔设置的、并被填充在相邻两焊带2之间的缓冲部12e。其中，缓冲部12e在太阳电池1厚度方向上的尺寸可大于过渡段24在太阳电池1厚度方向上的尺寸，从而使得在相邻两个缓冲部12e之间形成供过渡段24穿过的通道，从而缓解了过渡段24和太阳电池1表面的硬性接触。Referring to FIG. 7 in combination with FIG. 5, in another embodiment of the present invention, the buffer layer 3 is arranged in a single row and may include a plurality of buffer portions arranged at intervals and filled between two adjacent solder ribbons 2 12e. Wherein, the size of the buffer portion 12e in the thickness direction of the solar cell 1 can be larger than the size of the transition section 24 in the thickness direction of the solar cell 1, so that a passage for the transition section 24 to pass is formed between two adjacent buffer portions 12e. , Thereby alleviating the hard contact between the transition section 24 and the surface of the solar cell 1.
请参阅图6所示，为将一片太阳电池1一切为二，得到两个半片电池片的示意图。针对此种太阳电池1设计，通过丝网印刷方式在太阳电池1叠片区域涂敷一层缓冲材料，宽度可为0.8mm，再通过低温80～100℃烘烤方式去除溶剂，留下未聚合的缓冲材料约300um。Please refer to FIG. 6, which is a schematic diagram of obtaining two half-cell solar cells by cutting a solar cell 1 into two. For this type of solar cell 1 design, a layer of buffer material is applied to the laminated area of the solar cell 1 by screen printing, the width can be 0.8mm, and then the solvent is removed by baking at a low temperature of 80～100℃, leaving unpolymerized The buffer material is about 300um.
需要说明的是，在本发明中缓冲层3在焊带2延伸方向上的尺寸可大于或等于交叠空间在焊带2延伸方向上的尺寸，从而确保对位于交叠空间内的焊带2的缓冲效果，当然该缓冲层3可以是透明材料，从而不遮挡光线。It should be noted that in the present invention, the size of the buffer layer 3 in the extending direction of the welding ribbon 2 can be greater than or equal to the size of the overlapping space in the extending direction of the welding ribbon 2 to ensure that the welding ribbon 2 in the overlapping space is aligned. Of course, the buffer layer 3 can be a transparent material so as not to block light.
进一步的，缓冲层3可以选用比焊带2硬度低的材料，例如：乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物EVA或聚烯烃弹性体POE等。形成缓冲层3的工艺可以为：首先，通过滴涂或旋涂方式在电池表面涂敷一层缓冲材料溶剂，然后，通过烘烤方式去除溶剂，以在电池表面留下未聚合的缓冲材料以形成缓冲层3。当然，也可以采用固态的缓冲层3并固定在太阳电池1表面的特定位置。在本发明实施例中，缓冲层3的厚度可为200～400um，从而兼顾缓冲效果和材料成本。Further, the buffer layer 3 can be made of a material having a lower hardness than the welding tape 2, for example, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer EVA or polyolefin elastomer POE. The process of forming the buffer layer 3 can be as follows: first, apply a layer of buffer material solvent on the surface of the battery by drip coating or spin coating, and then remove the solvent by baking to leave unpolymerized buffer material on the battery surface. The buffer layer 3 is formed. Of course, a solid buffer layer 3 can also be used and fixed at a specific position on the surface of the solar cell 1. In the embodiment of the present invention, the thickness of the buffer layer 3 may be 200-400um, so as to take into account the buffer effect and material cost.
如图9所示，为本发明提供的一种常规式的光伏组件。在常规式的光伏组件中，相邻两太阳电池1之间具有一定的间隙或接近于零的间隙；且在该组件中，设置于太阳电池1边缘处的缓冲层3同样适用，也解决了现有组件中焊带2和太阳电池1边缘间硬性接触的问题。As shown in Figure 9, it is a conventional photovoltaic module provided by the present invention. In a conventional photovoltaic module, there is a certain gap or a gap close to zero between two adjacent solar cells 1; and in this module, the buffer layer 3 provided at the edge of the solar cell 1 is also applicable, which also solves the problem. The problem of hard contact between the solder ribbon 2 and the edge of the solar cell 1 in the existing module.
结合图10及图11所示，本发明还提供了一种光伏组件的制造方法。所述光伏组件的制造方法包括以下步骤：With reference to Figure 10 and Figure 11, the present invention also provides a method for manufacturing photovoltaic modules. The manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module includes the following steps:
获得第一太阳电池1′，该第一太阳电池1′的一侧表面10设有n条沿第一方向延伸的电极(未标号)，该第一太阳电池1′具有垂直于第一方向的邻接边缘；Obtain a first solar cell 1'. One side surface 10 of the first solar cell 1'is provided with n electrodes (not numbered) extending in a first direction, and the first solar cell 1'has a direction perpendicular to the first direction. Adjacent edge
获得n条焊带2；Obtain n welding strips 2;
将n条焊带2的一端分别与第一太阳电池1′的一侧表面10的电极连接；Connect one end of the n welding ribbons 2 to the electrodes on one side surface 10 of the first solar cell 1';
获得条状的缓冲层3；Obtain a strip-shaped buffer layer 3;
将缓冲层3放置于第一太阳电池1′表面的邻接边缘；Place the buffer layer 3 on the adjacent edge of the surface of the first solar cell 1';
获得第二太阳电池1″，该第二太阳电池1′的一侧表面10设有n条沿第一方向延伸的电极；A second solar cell 1" is obtained, and one side surface 10 of the second solar cell 1'is provided with n electrodes extending in the first direction;
将n条焊带2的另一端分别与第二太阳电池1′的一侧表面10的电极连接，并使第一太阳电池1′和第二太阳电池1″的边缘相交叠。Connect the other ends of the n solder ribbons 2 to the electrodes on one side surface 10 of the second solar cell 1', and make the edges of the first solar cell 1'and the second solar cell 1" overlap.
需要说明的是，第一太阳电池1′和第二太阳电池1″与前述的太阳电池1具有相同的结构，即，为方便对太阳电池1之间的连接方法进行描述，在本实施例中对太阳电池1进行了重新命名及标号，但不应以此为限。It should be noted that the first solar cell 1'and the second solar cell 1" have the same structure as the aforementioned solar cell 1, that is, to facilitate the description of the connection method between the solar cells 1, in this embodiment The solar cell 1 has been renamed and labeled, but it should not be limited to this.
定义相邻两太阳电池1相邻接且垂直于第一方向的边缘为邻接边缘，则缓 冲层3放置于第一太阳电池1′正面的邻接边缘，则在本发明的一较佳实施例中，缓冲层3为在将n条焊带2的一端分别与第一太阳电池1′的一侧表面10的电极连接之后，放置于第一太阳电池1′表面10的邻接边缘。具体来讲，首先将焊带2对位并放置在第一太阳电池1′的正面上，焊带2沿第一方向延伸并超出第一太阳电池1′，焊带2的第一段21与第一太阳电池1′表面10的电极电连接；且缓冲层3覆压在焊带2上并与过渡段23相接触。It is defined that the edge between two adjacent solar cells 1 and perpendicular to the first direction is the adjacent edge, and the buffer layer 3 is placed on the adjacent edge of the front surface of the first solar cell 1'. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention The buffer layer 3 is placed on the adjacent edge of the surface 10 of the first solar cell 1 ′ after connecting one end of the n solder ribbons 2 to the electrodes on one side surface 10 of the first solar cell 1 ′. Specifically, the welding ribbon 2 is first aligned and placed on the front surface of the first solar cell 1'. The welding ribbon 2 extends in the first direction and beyond the first solar cell 1'. The first section 21 of the welding ribbon 2 is The electrodes on the surface 10 of the first solar cell 1 ′ are electrically connected; and the buffer layer 3 is pressed on the welding ribbon 2 and is in contact with the transition section 23.
接着，将第二太阳电池1″背面的邻接边缘叠放在所述缓冲层3上，所述第一太阳电池1′与第二太阳电池1″沿两者的邻接边缘形成相应的交叠空间，且过渡段23位于第一太阳电池1′与第二太阳电池1″之间的交叠空间内。Then, the abutting edge of the back of the second solar cell 1" is superimposed on the buffer layer 3. The first solar cell 1'and the second solar cell 1" form a corresponding overlapping space along the abutting edges of the two , And the transition section 23 is located in the overlapping space between the first solar cell 1'and the second solar cell 1".
最后，将焊带2的第二段22与第二太阳电池1″背面的电极电连接，完成第一太阳电池1′与第二太阳电池1″的串接。Finally, the second section 22 of the welding ribbon 2 is electrically connected to the electrode on the back of the second solar cell 1" to complete the series connection of the first solar cell 1'and the second solar cell 1".
事实上，所述缓冲层3在层压制程中会通过自身形变，在相邻的焊带2之间的形成与相邻两个太阳电池1(即第一太阳电池1′与第二太阳电池1″)相互接触的填充层，避免焊带2与两侧的太阳电池1之间的硬性接触，减小边缘应力。重复上述方法步骤可制得相应的电池串，相较于现有技术，仅增设放置缓冲层3步骤，其与现有制程匹配较好，便于现场工艺升级与实施。In fact, the buffer layer 3 undergoes its own deformation during the lamination process, and the formation between the adjacent solder ribbons 2 is consistent with the formation of the two adjacent solar cells 1 (ie, the first solar cell 1'and the second solar cell 1" ) The filling layer in contact with each other avoids hard contact between the solder ribbon 2 and the solar cells 1 on both sides and reduces the edge stress. Repeating the above method steps can produce the corresponding battery string. Compared with the prior art, only additional Place the buffer layer in 3 steps, which matches well with the existing manufacturing process, which is convenient for on-site process upgrade and implementation.
进一步的，将缓冲层3放置于第一太阳电池1′表面的邻接边缘具体包括：裁切得到既定尺寸的条状缓冲层3；再将裁切所得的缓冲层3沿第二方向转移至第一太阳电池1′上方，再放置到第一太阳电池1′正面的邻接边缘上；其中，所述第二方向与第一方向垂直。也就是说，所需缓冲层3预先裁切完成后，再转移放置到相应的第一太阳电池1′的正面邻接边缘上。其中，用以转移所述缓冲层3的机构沿垂直于所述第一太阳电池1′的排列方向移动，避免对焊带2的对位放置造成干涉影响。Further, placing the buffer layer 3 on the adjacent edge of the surface of the first solar cell 1'specifically includes: cutting to obtain a strip-shaped buffer layer 3 of a predetermined size; and then transferring the cut buffer layer 3 to the second direction along the second direction. Above a solar cell 1', it is placed on the adjacent edge of the front surface of the first solar cell 1'; wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction. In other words, after the required buffer layer 3 is cut in advance, it is transferred and placed on the adjacent edge of the corresponding first solar cell 1'. Wherein, the mechanism for transferring the buffer layer 3 moves along the direction perpendicular to the arrangement direction of the first solar cells 1 ′, so as to avoid interference effects on the alignment of the welding ribbon 2.
在其它实施例中，亦可将第一太阳电池1′传输至既定位置后；沿垂直于所述第一太阳电池1′的排列方向拉取缓冲层3，裁切得到既定长度的缓冲层3，并放置到第一太阳电池1′正面的邻接边缘上，此时，卷绕设置的缓冲层3的宽度即为前述光伏组件制造所需宽度。In other embodiments, after the first solar cell 1'is transported to a predetermined position; the buffer layer 3 is pulled along the arrangement direction perpendicular to the first solar cell 1', and cut to obtain a buffer layer 3 of a predetermined length , And placed on the adjacent edge of the front surface of the first solar cell 1'. At this time, the width of the wound buffer layer 3 is the width required for manufacturing the aforementioned photovoltaic module.
所述制造方法还包括采用真空吸附将第一太阳电池1′固定在既定工作平台上，不仅保证相串接的两个太阳电池1的相对位置稳定，且可避免所述焊带2、缓冲层3在移动过程中出现偏移。The manufacturing method also includes using vacuum adsorption to fix the first solar cell 1'on a predetermined working platform, which not only ensures the relative position of the two solar cells 1 connected in series, but also avoids the welding ribbon 2 and the buffer layer. 3 An offset occurred during the movement.
需要说明的是，本实施例中，我们先将所述焊带2的第一段21、过渡段23焊接固定在第一太阳电池1′正面的电极上，也就是说，所述第一段21、过渡段23靠近所述第一段21的部分与所述太阳电池1正面的电极焊连后，再放置所述缓冲层3，能够为现所述焊带2与太阳电池1正面更好的电性连接，且使得所述焊带2与太阳电池1在后续制备过程中更好地保持位置相对固定。It should be noted that in this embodiment, we first weld and fix the first section 21 and the transition section 23 of the welding ribbon 2 on the electrode on the front side of the first solar cell 1', that is, the first section 21. After the part of the transition section 23 close to the first section 21 is welded to the electrode on the front of the solar cell 1, the buffer layer 3 is then placed, which can provide better results for the solder ribbon 2 and the front of the solar cell 1. The electrical connection of the solder ribbon 2 and the solar cell 1 can better maintain a relatively fixed position during the subsequent preparation process.
本申请的另一实施例中，其区别于前述实施例的特征在于：在将n条焊带的一端分别与第一太阳电池1′的一侧表面的电极连接之前，先要将缓冲层3放置于第一太阳电池1′表面的邻接边缘，且所述第一段21与第一太阳电池1′正面的电极电连接，所述过渡段23与所述缓冲层3相接触。In another embodiment of the present application, the feature that is different from the previous embodiment is that before connecting one end of the n solder ribbons to the electrodes on one side surface of the first solar cell 1', the buffer layer 3 It is placed on the adjacent edge of the surface of the first solar cell 1 ′, and the first section 21 is electrically connected with the electrode on the front surface of the first solar cell 1 ′, and the transition section 23 is in contact with the buffer layer 3.
为了得到叠片式光伏组件，所述制造方法还包括将另一太阳电池1背面的边缘叠放在太阳电池1正面的边缘处，形成所述交叠空间。In order to obtain a laminated photovoltaic module, the manufacturing method further includes stacking the edge of the back of another solar cell 1 on the edge of the front of the solar cell 1 to form the overlap space.
具体来讲，在将缓冲层3放置于第一太阳电池1′表面的邻接边缘之后，且在将n条焊带2的另一端分别与第二太阳电池1″的一侧表面10的电极连接之前，还包括：将缓冲层3预固定于邻接边缘；进一步的，将缓冲层3预固定于邻接边缘包括：对缓冲层3进行加热，使得缓冲层与邻接边缘相粘结。具体地，所述预固定过程包括：对缓冲层3进行加热，使得所述缓冲层3与太阳电池1正面或另一太阳电池1背面相粘结。其中，所述缓冲层3预加热过程中，其还能与焊带2的过渡段23预粘结，以提高焊带2的位置稳定性。所述缓冲层3与太阳电池1或另一太阳电池1还可通过胶粘的方式实现预固定，即在所述缓冲层3一侧表面和/或所述太阳电池1、缓冲层3一侧表面和/或另一太阳电池1表面涂覆相应的胶粘剂，以使得所述缓冲层3放置到太阳电池1正面的边缘或另一太阳电池1背面的边缘后，实现预固定。Specifically, after placing the buffer layer 3 on the abutting edge of the surface of the first solar cell 1', and connecting the other ends of the n strips of welding tape 2 to the electrodes on one side surface 10 of the second solar cell 1" Before, it also includes: pre-fixing the buffer layer 3 to the adjacent edge; further, pre-fixing the buffer layer 3 to the adjacent edge includes: heating the buffer layer 3 to make the buffer layer adhere to the adjacent edge. Specifically, The pre-fixing process includes: heating the buffer layer 3 so that the buffer layer 3 is bonded to the front side of the solar cell 1 or the back side of another solar cell 1. Among them, the buffer layer 3 can be It is pre-bonded with the transition section 23 of the welding ribbon 2 to improve the positional stability of the welding ribbon 2. The buffer layer 3 and the solar cell 1 or another solar cell 1 can also be pre-fixed by gluing, that is, The surface of the buffer layer 3 and/or the surface of the solar cell 1, the surface of the buffer layer 3 and/or the surface of the other solar cell 1 is coated with a corresponding adhesive so that the buffer layer 3 is placed on the solar cell 1. After the edge of the front side or the edge of the back side of another solar cell 1, pre-fixation is realized.
请参阅图11所示，本申请的另一实施例中，缓冲层3包括第一缓冲层3'和第二缓冲层3”，所述制造方法包括依次将第一缓冲层3'、焊带2放置至太 阳电池1正面上之后，再将第二缓冲层3”放置在太阳电池1正面的边缘位置并覆盖所述过渡段23；接着，将另一太阳电池1层叠放置在第二缓冲层3”上。当然，所述第一缓冲层3'、第二缓冲层3”可分别预固定在太阳电池1正面、另一太阳电池1背面。Referring to FIG. 11, in another embodiment of the present application, the buffer layer 3 includes a first buffer layer 3'and a second buffer layer 3", and the manufacturing method includes sequentially combining the first buffer layer 3'and the solder ribbon 2 After placing on the front of the solar cell 1, place the second buffer layer 3" on the edge of the front of the solar cell 1 and cover the transition section 23; then, layer another solar cell 1 on the second buffer layer 3". Of course, the first buffer layer 3'and the second buffer layer 3" can be pre-fixed on the front of the solar cell 1 and the back of the other solar cell 1, respectively.
进一步的，当太阳电池1与另一太阳电池1两者的边缘形成所述交叠空间时，至少部分所述过渡段23处于所述第一缓冲层3'与第二缓冲层3”之间，即所述焊带2不与太阳电池1、另一太阳电池1直接硬性接触。为便于现场生产，所述第一缓冲层3'与第二缓冲层3”两者规格相一致。此时，所述第一缓冲层3'与第二缓冲层3”两者的厚度之和大于等于所述过渡段23的厚度，就能有效减小交叠空间的边缘应力的效果，降低边缘隐裂异常。Further, when the edges of the solar cell 1 and the other solar cell 1 form the overlapping space, at least part of the transition section 23 is located between the first buffer layer 3'and the second buffer layer 3" That is, the solder ribbon 2 is not in direct hard contact with the solar cell 1 and the other solar cell 1. In order to facilitate on-site production, the specifications of the first buffer layer 3'and the second buffer layer 3" are consistent. At this time, the sum of the thickness of the first buffer layer 3'and the second buffer layer 3" is greater than or equal to the thickness of the transition section 23, which can effectively reduce the edge stress effect of the overlapping space and reduce the edge Crack abnormal.
最后，所述制造方法还可包括将所述焊带2预焊连在所述太阳电池1正面相应的电极上，具体可采用局部点焊或粘结的方式实现。通过上述方法，可使得所述焊带2保持位置固定，方便进行第一段21、第二段22的焊接操作。Finally, the manufacturing method may also include pre-welding the welding ribbon 2 to the corresponding electrode on the front of the solar cell 1, which can be implemented by local spot welding or bonding. Through the above method, the position of the welding ribbon 2 can be kept fixed, which facilitates the welding operation of the first section 21 and the second section 22.
进一步的，为了通过降低单片太阳电池1的面积来提高组件效率，需要对常规尺寸的太阳电池1进行分割(如图3～图6)，故本发明的光伏组件的制造方法还包括：Further, in order to improve the module efficiency by reducing the area of the monolithic solar cell 1, it is necessary to divide the solar cell 1 of conventional size (as shown in Figures 3 to 6), so the manufacturing method of the photovoltaic module of the present invention further includes:
获得太阳电池1，该太阳电池1的一侧表面10设有n条沿第一方向延伸的电极(即主栅线11)；Obtain a solar cell 1, on which one side surface 10 of the solar cell 1 is provided with n electrodes (namely, main grid lines 11) extending in the first direction;
在太阳电池1一侧表面10形成至少一条分割线17，以将该太阳电池1分为多个电池条区域，该分割线17的延伸方向垂直于第一方向；At least one dividing line 17 is formed on the side surface 10 of the solar cell 1 to divide the solar cell 1 into a plurality of battery strip regions, and the extending direction of the dividing line 17 is perpendicular to the first direction;
在各电池条区域的一侧表面分别设置缓冲层3，该缓冲层3沿电池条区域的长边布置；A buffer layer 3 is respectively provided on one side surface of each battery strip area, and the buffer layer 3 is arranged along the long side of the battery strip area;
将带有缓冲层3的太阳电池1沿分割线17分割成至少两个电池条；Dividing the solar cell 1 with the buffer layer 3 into at least two cell strips along the dividing line 17;
获得n条焊带2；Obtain n welding strips 2;
将n条焊带2的一端分别与一电池条的一侧表面的电极连接；Connect one end of the n welding ribbons 2 to the electrodes on one side surface of a battery strip;
将n条焊带2的另一端分别与另一电池条的一侧表面的电极连接，并使相 邻两电池条的边缘相交叠。其中，所述电池条具有沿电池条区域的长边相对且平行延伸的第一边缘13和第二边缘14，所述电池条表面设有邻近所述第一边缘13的第一条状缓冲层3a和邻近所述第二边缘14的第二条状缓冲层3b，所述切割线17位于所述第一条状缓冲层3a和所述第二条状缓冲层3b之间，如此设置，可以最大限度地降低叠片式光伏组件中将两个切割边相交叠的比例。Connect the other ends of the n strips of welding tape 2 to the electrodes on one side surface of the other battery bar, and overlap the edges of two adjacent battery bars. Wherein, the battery bar has a first edge 13 and a second edge 14 that extend in parallel along the long sides of the battery bar area, and the surface of the battery bar is provided with a first strip-shaped buffer layer adjacent to the first edge 13 3a and the second strip-shaped buffer layer 3b adjacent to the second edge 14, the cutting line 17 is located between the first strip-shaped buffer layer 3a and the second strip-shaped buffer layer 3b, so that Minimize the ratio of overlapping two cutting edges in laminated photovoltaic modules.
综上所述，本申请通过在相邻的太阳电池1之间放置配合焊带2的缓冲层3，降低焊带2与相邻两个太阳电池1之间的抵压作用力，减小边缘应力，起到了缓解太阳电池1与焊带2之间的硬性接触的效果，从而降低了光伏组件的裂片率；并且，本申请提供的制造方法与现有光伏组件的制备工艺匹配性较好，利于现场实施。In summary, the present application places a buffer layer 3 matching the solder ribbon 2 between the adjacent solar cells 1 to reduce the pressing force between the solder ribbon 2 and two adjacent solar cells 1 and reduce the edge The stress has the effect of alleviating the hard contact between the solar cell 1 and the soldering ribbon 2, thereby reducing the split rate of the photovoltaic module; and the manufacturing method provided in this application has a good compatibility with the existing photovoltaic module manufacturing process. Conducive to on-site implementation.
应当理解，虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述，但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案，说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见，本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体，各实施方式中的技术方案也可以经适当组合，形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。It should be understood that although this specification is described in accordance with the implementation manners, not each implementation manner only includes an independent technical solution. This narration in the specification is only for clarity, and those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in the embodiments can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非限制，尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换，而不脱离本发明技术方案的精神和范围。The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (17)

  1. 一种光伏组件，包括若干电池串列，其特征在于：所述电池串列包括：A photovoltaic module includes a plurality of battery strings, characterized in that: the battery strings include:
    若干太阳电池，所述太阳电池包括设于电池表面的电极；Several solar cells, the solar cells including electrodes arranged on the surface of the cells;
    焊带，用于连接相邻两太阳电池以将上述若干太阳电池连成串；Welding tape is used to connect two adjacent solar cells to connect the above-mentioned solar cells in series;
    缓冲层，设于所述太阳电池上与焊带交叉的边缘并位于所述焊带和面向该焊带的电池表面之间。The buffer layer is arranged on the edge of the solar cell that crosses the welding ribbon and between the welding ribbon and the surface of the battery facing the welding ribbon.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的光伏组件，其特征在于：相邻两太阳电池的边缘相互交叠以在相邻两太阳电池之间形成交叠空间，所述缓冲层位于所述交叠空间内。The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the edges of two adjacent solar cells overlap each other to form an overlap space between two adjacent solar cells, and the buffer layer is located in the overlap space.
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的光伏组件，其特征在于：所述缓冲层包括设于太阳电池正面的第一缓冲层和设于太阳电池背面的第二缓冲层，并且所述第一缓冲层和所述第二缓冲层位于不同侧边缘。The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the buffer layer comprises a first buffer layer provided on the front of the solar cell and a second buffer layer provided on the back of the solar cell, and the first buffer layer and the The second buffer layer is located on different side edges.
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的光伏组件，其特征在于：所述缓冲层呈一体的长条状且沿所述边缘延伸，或所述缓冲层包括n个间隔设置且与焊带位置对应的缓冲盘，n为太阳电池单侧电池表面设置的焊带数量。The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the buffer layer is an integral long strip and extends along the edge, or the buffer layer includes n buffer disks arranged at intervals and corresponding to the position of the solder ribbon , N is the number of solder ribbons set on the surface of one side of the solar cell.
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的光伏组件，其特征在于：所述太阳电池在一侧表面的边缘处设有所述缓冲层，所述边缘用于交叠。The photovoltaic module of claim 2, wherein the solar cell is provided with the buffer layer at the edge of one side surface, and the edge is used for overlap.
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的光伏组件，其特征在于：所述缓冲层在焊带延伸方向上的尺寸大于或等于所述交叠空间在焊带延伸方向上的尺寸；优选的，所述缓冲层的厚度为200～400um。The photovoltaic module according to claim 2, characterized in that: the size of the buffer layer in the extending direction of the ribbon is greater than or equal to the size of the overlapping space in the extending direction of the ribbon; preferably, the buffer layer The thickness is 200～400um.
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的光伏组件，其特征在于：所述缓冲层包括乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物EVA和/或聚烯烃弹性体POE。The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the buffer layer comprises ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer EVA and/or polyolefin elastomer POE.
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的光伏组件，其特征在于：所述焊带包含与太阳电池正面电极焊接的第一段、与相邻的另一太阳电池的背面电极焊接的第二段、以及连接上述第一段和第二段的过渡段，所述过渡段被安置在所述交叠空间内，所述过渡段的宽度大于所述第一段和/或所述第二段的宽度；优选的，所述第一段与所述第二段在所述交叠空间外相搭接。The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the solder ribbon includes a first section welded to the front electrode of the solar cell, a second section welded to the back electrode of another adjacent solar cell, and connection to the The transition section of the first section and the second section, the transition section is arranged in the overlapping space, and the width of the transition section is greater than the width of the first section and/or the second section; preferably , The first section and the second section overlap outside the overlapping space.
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的光伏组件，其特征在于：所述电极包括若干沿所述若干电池的排列方向延伸的主栅线，所述焊带焊接于所述主栅线上，所述缓冲层和所述主栅线纵长方向上的端部之间具有间隙。The photovoltaic module according to claim 1, wherein the electrode includes a plurality of main grid lines extending along the arrangement direction of the plurality of cells, the solder ribbon is welded to the main grid line, and the buffer layer There is a gap with the end of the busbar line in the longitudinal direction.
  10. 一种光伏组件的制造方法，其特征在于，包括：A manufacturing method of photovoltaic module, characterized in that it comprises:
    获得第一太阳电池，该第一太阳电池的一侧表面设有n条沿第一方向延伸的电极，该第一太阳电池具有垂直于第一方向的邻接边缘；Obtain a first solar cell. One side surface of the first solar cell is provided with n electrodes extending in a first direction, and the first solar cell has abutting edges perpendicular to the first direction;
    获得n条焊带；Obtain n welding ribbons;
    将n条焊带的一端分别与第一太阳电池的一侧表面的电极连接；Connect one end of the n solder ribbons to the electrodes on one side of the first solar cell;
    获得条状的缓冲层；Obtain a strip-shaped buffer layer;
    将缓冲层放置于第一太阳电池表面的邻接边缘；Placing the buffer layer on the adjacent edge of the surface of the first solar cell;
    获得第二太阳电池，该第二太阳电池的一侧表面设有n条沿第一方向延伸的电极；Obtain a second solar cell, and one side surface of the second solar cell is provided with n electrodes extending in the first direction;
    将n条焊带的另一端分别与第二太阳电池的一侧表面的电极连接，并使第一太阳电池和第二太阳电池的边缘相交叠。Connect the other ends of the n solder ribbons to the electrodes on one side of the second solar cell, and make the edges of the first solar cell and the second solar cell overlap.
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的制造方法，其特征在于：在将n条焊带的一端分别与第一太阳电池的一侧表面的电极连接之后，将缓冲层放置于第一太阳电池表面的邻接边缘。The manufacturing method according to claim 10, characterized in that: after connecting one end of the n solder ribbons to the electrodes on one side surface of the first solar cell, the buffer layer is placed on the adjacent edge of the first solar cell surface .
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的制造方法，其特征在于：在将n条焊带的一端分别与第一太阳电池的一侧表面的电极连接之前，将缓冲层放置于第一太阳电池表面的邻接边缘。The manufacturing method according to claim 10, wherein the buffer layer is placed on the adjacent edge of the surface of the first solar cell before connecting one end of the n strips of welding tape to the electrode on one side surface of the first solar cell. .
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的制造方法，其特征在于：在将缓冲层放置于第一太阳电池表面的邻接边缘之后，且在将n条焊带的另一端分别与第二太阳电池的一侧表面的电极连接之前，该方法还包括：将缓冲层预固定于所述邻接边缘。The manufacturing method according to claim 10, characterized in that: after the buffer layer is placed on the adjacent edge of the first solar cell surface, and the other end of the n strips of welding tape is respectively connected to one side surface of the second solar cell Before the electrodes are connected, the method further includes: pre-fixing the buffer layer to the adjacent edge.
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的制造方法，其特征在于，所述将缓冲层预固定于所述邻接边缘包括：对缓冲层进行加热，使得所述缓冲层与邻接边缘相粘结。The manufacturing method according to claim 13, wherein the pre-fixing the buffer layer to the adjacent edge comprises: heating the buffer layer to make the buffer layer adhere to the adjacent edge.
  15. 根据权利要求10所述的制造方法，其特征在于：所述获得条状的缓冲层包括：The manufacturing method according to claim 10, wherein said obtaining the strip-shaped buffer layer comprises:
    裁切得到既定尺寸的条状缓冲层；Cut to obtain a strip buffer layer of a predetermined size;
    相应于，所述将缓冲层放置于第一太阳电池表面的邻接边缘包括：Correspondingly, placing the buffer layer on the adjacent edge of the surface of the first solar cell includes:
    将裁切所得的缓冲层沿第二方向转移并放置到第一太阳电池表面的邻接边缘，其中，所述第二方向与第一方向垂直。The cut buffer layer is transferred along a second direction and placed on an adjacent edge of the surface of the first solar cell, wherein the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.
  16. 根据权利要求10所述的制造方法，其特征在于，所述将缓冲层放置于第一太阳电池表面的邻接边缘包括：The manufacturing method according to claim 10, wherein the placing the buffer layer on the adjacent edge of the surface of the first solar cell comprises:
    将所述第一太阳电池传输至既定位置；Transmitting the first solar cell to a predetermined location;
    沿第二方向拉取缓冲层，裁切得到既定长度的缓冲层并放置到第一太阳电池表面的邻接边缘。Pull the buffer layer in the second direction, cut to obtain a buffer layer of a predetermined length, and place it on the adjacent edge of the surface of the first solar cell.
  17. 一种光伏组件的制造方法，其特征在于，包括：A manufacturing method of photovoltaic module, characterized in that it comprises:
    获得太阳电池，该太阳电池的一侧表面设有n条沿第一方向延伸的电极；Obtain a solar cell, the surface of one side of the solar cell is provided with n electrodes extending in the first direction;
    在太阳电池一侧表面形成至少一条分割线，以将该太阳电池分为多个电池条区域，该分割线的延伸方向垂直于第一方向；At least one dividing line is formed on the surface of one side of the solar cell to divide the solar cell into a plurality of battery strip regions, and the extending direction of the dividing line is perpendicular to the first direction;
    在各电池条区域的一侧表面分别设置缓冲层，该缓冲层沿电池条区域的长边布置；A buffer layer is respectively arranged on one side surface of each battery strip area, and the buffer layer is arranged along the long side of the battery strip area;
    将带有缓冲层的太阳电池沿分割线分割成至少两个电池条；Divide the solar cell with the buffer layer into at least two cell strips along the dividing line;
    获得n条焊带；Obtain n welding ribbons;
    将n条焊带的一端分别与一电池条的一侧表面的电极连接；Connect one end of the n strips of welding tape to the electrode on one side surface of a battery strip;
    将n条焊带的另一端分别与另一电池条的一侧表面的电极连接，并使相邻两电池条的边缘相交叠。Connect the other ends of the n solder ribbons to the electrodes on one side surface of another battery bar, and make the edges of two adjacent battery bars overlap.
PCT/CN2020/075813 2019-03-07 2020-02-19 Photovoltaic assembly and manufacturing method thereof WO2020177530A1 (en)

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