WO2020168693A1 - 一种传输方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种传输方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020168693A1
WO2020168693A1 PCT/CN2019/101054 CN2019101054W WO2020168693A1 WO 2020168693 A1 WO2020168693 A1 WO 2020168693A1 CN 2019101054 W CN2019101054 W CN 2019101054W WO 2020168693 A1 WO2020168693 A1 WO 2020168693A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
network element
user plane
access device
transmission
protocol
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PCT/CN2019/101054
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李永翠
李岩
倪慧
余芳
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to BR112020016964-1A priority Critical patent/BR112020016964A2/pt
Priority to JP2020536547A priority patent/JP7028522B2/ja
Priority to EP19910918.2A priority patent/EP3735092B1/en
Priority to US16/918,515 priority patent/US11722883B2/en
Publication of WO2020168693A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020168693A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W8/00—Network data management
    • H04W8/22—Processing or transfer of terminal data, e.g. status or physical capabilities
    • H04W8/24—Transfer of terminal data
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/08—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by repeating transmission, e.g. Verdan system
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/14—Session management
    • H04L67/147—Signalling methods or messages providing extensions to protocols defined by standardisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/24—Negotiation of communication capabilities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/12—Setup of transport tunnels
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/22—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received using redundant apparatus to increase reliability
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
    • H04L67/01—Protocols
    • H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
    • H04L67/125—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks involving control of end-device applications over a network
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/16—Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
    • H04L69/164—Adaptation or special uses of UDP protocol
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W76/00—Connection management
    • H04W76/10—Connection setup
    • H04W76/15—Setup of multiple wireless link connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W92/00—Interfaces specially adapted for wireless communication networks
    • H04W92/04—Interfaces between hierarchically different network devices
    • H04W92/045—Interfaces between hierarchically different network devices between access point and backbone network device

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a transmission method and device.
  • URLLC ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communications
  • 3GPP TR38.913 defines the indicators of URLLC delay and reliability.
  • Latency For URLLC services, the user's surface delay target and downlink delay target are 0.5ms.
  • Reliability Defined as the success rate of transmitting X-byte data packets within a specific time delay. Generally, the reliability requirement for one-time transmission of URLLC services is: within 1ms of user plane delay, the reliability of transmitting 32-byte packets is 1-10 ⁇ (-5) .
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a transmission method and device to improve the transmission reliability of the service flow insulation of the terminal.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a transmission method, including: a session management network element obtains transmission network capability list information. Among them, the transmission network capability list information is used to indicate whether the transmission network supports high reliability.
  • the transmission network is the network between the access device and the user plane network element; the session management network element manages the terminal in the access device according to the transmission network capability list information.
  • the user plane connection with the user plane network element, and the user plane connection is used to transmit service flow packets of the terminal.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a transmission method. Since it is uncertain in the prior art how to manage the user plane connection of the terminal between the access device and the user plane network element, the method obtains the transmission network capability list through the session management network element Information, since the transmission network capability list information is used to indicate whether the transmission network supports high reliability, and the transmission network is the network between the access device and the user plane network element, it is convenient for the session management network element to determine whether the transmission network supports high reliability, and then Decide how to manage user-plane connections. It is convenient for the terminal's service flow message to be reliably transmitted.
  • the method provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes: the session management network element obtains the protocol capability indication information of the access device and the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element, where the protocol of the access device
  • the capability indication information is used to indicate whether the access device supports the general packet radio service technology tunnel protocol—user plane GTP-U protocol enhancement, and whether the user plane network element supports GTP-U protocol enhancement; the session management network element is based on the transmission network capability list information
  • the user plane connection between the management terminal between the access device and the user plane network element includes: the session management network element according to the protocol capability indication information of the access device, the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element and the transmission network capability list information , Manage user plane connections. In this way, it is convenient for the session management network element to manage the user plane connection in combination with the protocol capability indication information of the access device, the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element, and the transmission network capability list information.
  • the session management network element obtaining the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element includes: the session management network element obtains the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element from the user plane network element; or, the session The management network element obtains the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element from the network warehouse storage function NRF.
  • the session management network element manages the user plane connection according to the protocol capability indication information of the access device, the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element, and the transmission network capability list information, including:
  • the session management network element establishes at least two N3 tunnels as user plane connections between the access device and the user plane network element. It is convenient to use at least two N3 tunnels to transmit service flow packets.
  • the session management network element manages the user plane connection according to the protocol capability indication information of the access device, the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element, and the transmission network capability list information, including: when the transmission network supports During high-reliability transmission, the session management network element establishes an N3 tunnel between the access device and the user plane network element as a user plane connection. It is convenient to use an N3 tunnel as a user plane connection to transmit service flow packets.
  • the session management network element manages the user plane connection according to the protocol capability indication information of the access device, the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element, and the transmission network capability list information, including: when the transmission network supports Highly reliable transmission.
  • the session management network element determines to establish at least two N3 tunnels or one by one between the access device and the user plane network element according to the policy information The N3 tunnel serves as the user plane connection.
  • the method provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes: the session management network element obtains the location information of the terminal; the session management network element obtains the location information of the terminal and the transmission network capability list information in the transmission network list Select the user plane network element that supports the high reliability of the transmission network from the information.
  • the method provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes: the session management network element obtains protocol capability indication information of the access device; the session management network element obtains the protocol capability indication information of the access device and the transmission network capability List information to determine the user plane network element.
  • the method provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes: the session management network element determines the user plane network element according to the protocol capability indication information of the access device and the transmission network capability list information, including:
  • the session management network element determines that the user plane network element that supports GTP-U protocol enhancement is the user Surface network element.
  • the method provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes: when the transmission network capability list information indicates that the transmission network does not support high reliability, and any one or more of the access device and the user plane network element is not When supporting the GTP-U protocol enhancement, the session management network element sends to the access device the indication information used to indicate the refusal to establish the user plane connection.
  • the method provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes: the session management network element obtains the protocol capability indication information of the access device, including: the session management network element receives information from the access device of the mobility management network element Protocol capability indication information.
  • the session management network element sends a capability acquisition request message to the access device, and the capability acquisition request message is used to request the protocol capability indication information of the access device.
  • the session management network element obtains the protocol capability indication information of the access device from the user plane network element.
  • the acquisition of the transmission network capability list information by the session management network element includes: pre-configured transmission network capability list information in the session management network element.
  • the session management network element obtains the transmission network capability list information from the NRF or the user plane network element.
  • the method provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes: the session management network element transmits to the access device and the user plane network element Send the first instruction.
  • the first indication is used to instruct the access device to copy the service flow packet at the GTP-U layer, and to instruct the user plane network element to perform repeated detection of the service flow packet at the GTP-U layer; or, the first indication is used to indicate The user plane network element duplicates the service flow message at the GTP-U layer, and instructs the access device to perform repeated detection on the service flow message at the GTP-U layer.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a transmission device, which may be a session management network element, or a chip or a chip system in the session management network element.
  • the transmission device may include a processing unit and a communication unit.
  • the processing unit may be a processor
  • the communication unit may be a communication interface or an interface circuit.
  • the transmission device may further include a storage unit, and the storage unit may be a memory.
  • the storage unit is used to store instructions, and the processing unit executes the instructions stored in the storage unit, so that the session management network element implements the transmission method described in the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect .
  • the communication unit is used to obtain the transmission network capability list information.
  • the transmission network capability list information is used to indicate whether the transmission network supports high reliability
  • the transmission network is a network between the access device and the user plane network element.
  • the processing unit is configured to manage the user plane connection of the terminal between the access device and the user plane network element according to the transmission network capability list information, and the user plane connection is used to transmit service flow packets of the terminal.
  • the communication unit is also used to obtain the protocol capability indication information of the access device and the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element, where the protocol capability indication information of the access device is used to indicate access Whether the device supports the general packet radio service technology tunnel protocol—the user plane GTP-U protocol enhancement, and whether the user plane network element supports the GTP-U protocol enhancement.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to manage the user plane connection according to the protocol capability indication information of the access device, the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element, and the transmission network capability list information.
  • the communication unit is also specifically configured to obtain the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element from the user plane network element.
  • the communication unit is also specifically configured to obtain the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element from the network warehouse storage function NRF.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to establish at least two N3 tunnels between the access device and the user plane network element Connect as the user plane.
  • the processing unit when the transmission network supports high-reliability transmission, is specifically configured to establish an N3 tunnel between the access device and the user plane network element as a user plane connection.
  • the processing unit is specifically configured to determine whether the access device is connected to the At least two N3 tunnels or one N3 tunnel are established between user plane network elements as user plane connections.
  • the communication unit is also used to obtain location information of the terminal.
  • the processing unit is further configured to select a user plane network element that supports the high reliability of the transmission network in the transmission network list information according to the location information of the terminal and the transmission network capability list information.
  • the communication unit is also used to obtain the protocol capability indication information of the access device.
  • the processing unit is further configured to determine the user plane network element according to the protocol capability indication information of the access device and the transmission network capability list information.
  • the processing unit is also specifically used to determine the support
  • the user plane network element enhanced by the GTP-U protocol is the user plane network element.
  • the communication unit Is also used to send instruction information to the access device for instructing to refuse to establish a user plane connection.
  • the communication unit is also specifically configured to receive protocol capability indication information of the access device from the mobility management network element. or,
  • the communication unit is further specifically configured to send a capability acquisition request message to the access device, and the capability acquisition request message is used to request protocol capability indication information of the access device;
  • the communication unit is also specifically configured to obtain protocol capability indication information of the access device from the user plane network element.
  • the transmission network capability list information is pre-configured in the transmission device; or the communication unit is specifically configured to obtain the transmission network capability list information from the NRF or the user plane network element.
  • the communication unit is also used to send the first instruction to the access device and the user plane network element. Used to instruct the access device to copy service flow packets at the GTP-U layer, and to instruct the user plane network element to perform repeated detection of the service flow packets at the GTP-U layer; or, the first indication is used to indicate the user plane network element
  • the GTP-U layer replicates the service flow message, and instructs the access device to perform repeated detection on the service flow message at the GTP-U layer.
  • the processing unit may be a processor, and the communication unit may be a communication interface.
  • the communication interface can be an input/output interface, a pin, or a circuit.
  • the processing unit executes the instructions stored in the storage unit, so that the session management network element implements the first aspect or a transmission method described in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • the storage unit may be a storage unit in the chip (for example, a register, a cache, etc.), or a storage unit (for example, a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.) located outside the chip in the session management network element .
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program or instruction.
  • the computer program or instruction runs on a computer, the computer executes the operations as described in the first aspect to the first aspect.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product including instructions.
  • the instructions When the instructions are executed on a computer, the computer executes the transmission method described in the first aspect or various possible implementations of the first aspect .
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a transmission device that includes a processor and a storage medium.
  • the storage medium stores instructions. When the instructions are executed by the processor, various possibilities such as the first aspect or the first aspect are realized.
  • the present application provides a chip or chip system.
  • the chip or chip system includes at least one processor and a communication interface.
  • the communication interface and the at least one processor are interconnected by wires, and the at least one processor is used to run computer programs or instructions.
  • the parameter method described in any one of the first aspect to the first aspect may be implemented.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a transmission method.
  • the transmission method includes: an access device receives first indication information from a session management network element.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate the user plane connection between the management access device and the user plane network element.
  • the user plane connection is used to transmit service flow packets of the terminal.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate that at least two N3 tunnels are established between the access device and the user plane network element as user plane connections.
  • the information applicable to the transmission network capability list indicates that the transmission network between the access device and the user plane network element supports highly reliable transmission. It is suitable for both access equipment and user plane network elements to support GTP-U protocol enhancement.
  • the first indication information is used to instruct to establish an N3 tunnel between the access device and the user plane network element as a user plane connection.
  • the information applicable to the transmission network capability list indicates that the transmission network between the access device and the user plane network element supports highly reliable transmission.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate that the user plane connection is refused to be established. It is suitable for the session management network element to determine that the transmission network capability list information indicates that the transmission network does not support high reliability, and any one or more of the access device and the user plane network element does not support the GTP-U protocol enhancement.
  • the method provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes: the access device sends the protocol capability indication information of the access network device to the session management network element. It can be applied to scenarios where the access device actively sends to the session management network element, that is, after the access device receives the AS message from the terminal, it can actively send the protocol capability indication information of the access network device to the session management network element through the N11 message .
  • the access device sending the protocol capability indication information of the access network device to the session management network element specifically includes: the access device receives a capability acquisition request message from the session management network element. In response to the capability acquisition request message, the access device sends the protocol capability indication information of the access network device to the session management network element.
  • the method provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes: the access device receives the first instruction from the session management network element.
  • the first instruction is used to instruct the access device to copy the service flow packet at the GTP-U layer, and to instruct the user plane network element to perform repeated detection of the service flow packet at the GTP-U layer; or, the first instruction is used to instruct the user
  • the plane network element replicates the service flow message at the GTP-U layer, and instructs the access device to perform repeated detection on the service flow message at the GTP-U layer.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a transmission device.
  • the transmission device may be an access device, or a chip or a chip system in the access device.
  • the transmission device may include a communication unit.
  • the communication unit may be a communication interface or an interface circuit.
  • the transmission device may further include a processing unit and a storage unit, and the processing unit may be a processor.
  • the storage unit may be a memory. The storage unit is used to store instructions, and the processing unit executes the instructions stored in the storage unit, so that the access device implements the seventh aspect or a transmission method described in any possible implementation manner of the seventh aspect.
  • taking the transmission apparatus may be an access device as an example, the communication unit is configured to receive the first indication information from the session management network element.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate the user plane connection between the management access device and the user plane network element.
  • the user plane connection is used to transmit service flow packets of the terminal.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate that at least two N3 tunnels are established between the access device and the user plane network element as user plane connections.
  • the information applicable to the transmission network capability list indicates that the transmission network between the access device and the user plane network element supports highly reliable transmission. It is suitable for both access equipment and user plane network elements to support GTP-U protocol enhancement.
  • the first indication information is used to instruct to establish an N3 tunnel between the access device and the user plane network element as a user plane connection.
  • the information applicable to the transmission network capability list indicates that the transmission network between the access device and the user plane network element supports highly reliable transmission.
  • the first indication information is used to indicate that the user plane connection is refused to be established. It is suitable for the session management network element to determine that the transmission network capability list information indicates that the transmission network does not support high reliability, and any one or more of the access device and the user plane network element does not support the GTP-U protocol enhancement.
  • the method provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes: a communication unit, which is further configured to send protocol capability indication information of the access network device to the session management network element. It can be applied to scenarios where the access device actively sends to the session management network element, that is, after the access device receives the AS message from the terminal, it can actively send the protocol capability indication information of the access network device to the session management network element through the N11 message .
  • the communication unit is further configured to receive a capability acquisition request message from the session management network element. And in response to the capability acquisition request message, send the protocol capability indication information of the access network device to the session management network element.
  • the method provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes: the access device receives the first instruction from the session management network element.
  • the first instruction is used to instruct the access device to copy the service flow packet at the GTP-U layer, and to instruct the user plane network element to perform repeated detection of the service flow packet at the GTP-U layer; or, the first instruction is used to instruct the user
  • the plane network element replicates the service flow message at the GTP-U layer, and instructs the access device to perform repeated detection on the service flow message at the GTP-U layer.
  • the transmission device may be a chip or a chip system in an access device as an example
  • the processing unit may be a processor
  • the communication unit may be a communication interface.
  • the communication interface can be an input/output interface, a pin, or a circuit.
  • the processing unit executes the instructions stored in the storage unit, so that the user plane network element implements a transmission method described in the seventh aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the seventh aspect.
  • the storage unit can be a storage unit in the chip (for example, a register, a cache, etc.), or a storage unit (for example, a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.) located outside the chip in the user plane network element .
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program or instruction.
  • the computer program or instruction When the computer program or instruction is run on a computer, the computer executes operations such as the seventh aspect to the first aspect.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product including instructions, which when the instructions are run on a computer, cause the computer to execute the transmission method described in the seventh aspect or various possible implementations of the seventh aspect .
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a transmission device.
  • the transmission device includes a processor and a storage medium.
  • the storage medium stores instructions.
  • various aspects such as the seventh aspect or the seventh aspect are implemented. Possible implementations describe the transmission method.
  • the present application provides a chip or chip system.
  • the chip or chip system includes at least one processor and a communication interface.
  • the communication interface and at least one processor are interconnected by wires, and the at least one processor is used to run computer programs or instructions.
  • the communication interface in the chip can be an input/output interface, a pin, or a circuit.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, which includes the transmission device described in the second aspect and the transmission device described in the eighth aspect.
  • the communication system may further include: terminals, user plane network elements, etc.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system
  • Figure 2 is a 5G network architecture provided according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Fig. 3 is an end-to-end user plane protocol stack architecture diagram provided according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a user face enhancement protocol stack provided according to an embodiment of the present application to achieve high reliability
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a transport layer provided according to an embodiment of the present application to achieve high reliability
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart 1 of a transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 8 is a second schematic flowchart of a transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 9 is a third schematic flowchart of a transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 10 is a fourth schematic flowchart of a transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 11 is a fifth schematic flowchart of a transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 12 is a sixth flowchart of a transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 13 is a seventh schematic flowchart of a transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 14 is the eighth flowchart of a transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • 15 is a schematic diagram 9 of the flow of a transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 16 is a tenth flowchart of a transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic eleventh flowchart of a transmission method provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission device provided by an embodiment of this application.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • words such as “first” and “second” are used to distinguish the same items or similar items that have substantially the same function and effect.
  • the first access device and the second access device are only used to distinguish different access devices, and the sequence of the access devices is not limited.
  • words such as “first” and “second” do not limit the quantity and order of execution, and words such as “first” and “second” do not limit the difference.
  • At least one refers to one or more, and “multiple” refers to two or more.
  • “And/or” describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: A alone exists, both A and B exist, and B exists alone, where A, B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or” relationship.
  • "The following at least one item (a)” or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of a single item (a) or plural items (a).
  • at least one item (a) of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple .
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication system includes: a session management network element 10, at least one access device 20, and at least one user plane network element 30.
  • the session management network element 10 and the user plane network element 30 are network elements in the core network.
  • the access device 20 belongs to a network element in the access network.
  • the access network can be used to implement functions related to wireless access.
  • the communication system may further include at least one terminal 40.
  • the at least one terminal 40 is connected to the access device 20 in a wireless manner to access the core network.
  • the specific steps performed by the user plane network element 30, the session management network element 10, the at least one terminal 40, and the at least one access device 20 can refer to the description in the following embodiments, which will not be repeated here. . It should be understood that the communication system and transmission method in the embodiments of the present application can be mutually cited.
  • the user plane data of at least one terminal 40 is sent to the respective access device 20, and then the user plane connection between the access device 20 and the user plane network element 30 is used to transmit the user plane data to the user plane network element 30, Finally, the user plane network element 30 sends the user plane data to the network.
  • the user plane network element 30 can also obtain the user plane data sent to the terminal from the network, and then use the user plane connection between it and the access device 20 to send the user plane data of the terminal to the access device 20, and finally The access device 20 transmits the user plane data to the target terminal.
  • the user plane data in the embodiment of the present application may also be referred to as a service flow packet.
  • the access device 20 in the embodiment of the present application may be an access device in a 4G network.
  • an evolved base station evolved NodeB, eNB
  • the core network may be a 4G core network (for example, Evolved Packet Core (EPC)).
  • EPC Evolved Packet Core
  • the access device 20 in the embodiment of the present application may be an access device in a 5G network.
  • the core network may be a 5G core network (5G Core, 5GC).
  • the access device is a device that provides wireless access for the terminal. It can be a wireless access network (for example, Next Generation Radio Access Network (NG RAN)), a wired access network/fixed network access network (Wireline 5G Access Network, W-5GAN), for example , Access gateway function (Access Gateway Function, AGF) or network gateway control equipment (Broadband network gateway, BNG), WiFi AP, WiMAX BS, etc.
  • NG RAN Next Generation Radio Access Network
  • W-5GAN Wireless 5G Access Network
  • Access gateway function Access Gateway Function
  • BNG network gateway control equipment
  • WiFi AP Wireless AP
  • WiMAX BS WiMAX BS
  • the communication system may further include: a mobility management network element, a policy network element, and so on.
  • the session management network element 10 may be a mobility management entity (Mobility Management Entity, MME).
  • MME mobility management entity
  • the user plane network element may be a serving gateway (Serving GateWay, SGW) and/or a PDN gateway (PDN GateWay, PGW).
  • the policy network element may be a policy and charging rules function unit (Policy and Charging Rules Function, PCRF).
  • PCRF Policy and Charging Rules Function
  • the session management network element 10 may be a session management function (Session Management Function, SMF) network element 106.
  • the user plane network element 30 may be a user plane function (UPF) network element 103.
  • the access device may be a radio access device (Radio Access Network, RAN) 102.
  • the mobility management network element may be an Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) network element 105, and the policy network element may be a Policy Control Function (Policy Control Function) 107.
  • AMF Access and Mobility Management Function
  • Policy Control Function Policy Control Function
  • the 5G network architecture may also include: application function (AF), unified data management (UDM) 108 and data network (DN) 104 .
  • the 5G network architecture may also include: a network repository function (NRF) network element.
  • the NRF network element is not shown in the architecture diagram.
  • the NRF network element is mainly used The discovery of network elements.
  • the terminal communicates with the AMF network element through a next generation network (Next generation, N1) interface (N1 for short).
  • the access device communicates with the AMF network element through the N2 interface (N2 for short).
  • the access device communicates with the UPF network element through the N3 interface (N3 for short).
  • the UPF network element communicates with the DN through the N6 interface (N6 for short).
  • Any two UPF network elements communicate through N9 interface (abbreviated as N9).
  • the UPF network element communicates with the SMF network element through the N4 interface (N4 for short).
  • the AMF network element communicates with the SMF network element through the N11 interface (N11 for short).
  • the AMF network element communicates with the UDM network element through the N8 interface (N8 for short).
  • the SMF network element communicates with the PCF network element through the N7 interface (N7 for short).
  • the SMF network element communicates with the UDM network element through the N10 interface (N10 for short).
  • the control plane network elements may also interact with each other using a service interface.
  • AMF network elements, SMF network elements, UDM network elements, or PCF network elements use service-oriented interfaces to interact.
  • the service-oriented interface provided by the AMF network element to the outside may be Namf.
  • the service-oriented interface provided by the SMF network element to the outside may be Nsmf.
  • the service-oriented interface provided by the UDM network element to the outside may be Nudm.
  • the service-oriented interface provided by the PCF network element to the outside may be Npcf.
  • Fig. 2 only exemplarily shows a UPF network element and SMF network element.
  • this may include multiple UPF network elements and SMF network elements, such as SMF network element 1 and SMF network element 2, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the access device, AMF network element, SMF network element, UDM network element, UPF network element, and PCF network element in Figure 2 are only a name, and the name does not constitute a limitation on the device itself.
  • the network elements corresponding to access equipment, AMF network elements, SMF network elements, UDM network elements, UPF network elements, and PCF network elements may also have other names.
  • the UDM network element may also be replaced with a user home server (home subscriber server, HSS) or user subscription database (user subscription database, USD) or a database entity, etc., which will be uniformly explained here and will not be repeated in the following .
  • the RAN102 provides wireless access equipment for the terminal, including but not limited to eNodeB, WiFi AP, WiMAX BS, etc.
  • the AMF network element 105 is mainly responsible for the mobility management in the mobile network, such as user location update, user registration network, user handover, and so on.
  • the SMF network element 106 is mainly responsible for session management in the mobile network, such as session establishment, modification, and release. Specific functions include assigning IP addresses to users and selecting UPF that provides message forwarding functions.
  • the PCF network element 107 is responsible for providing policies, such as a quality of service QoS policy, a slice selection policy, etc., to the AMF network element 105 and the SMF network element 106.
  • policies such as a quality of service QoS policy, a slice selection policy, etc.
  • the UDM network element 108 is used to store user data, such as subscription information and authentication/authorization information.
  • UPF is mainly responsible for processing user messages, such as forwarding and charging.
  • DN refers to the operator network that provides users with data transmission services, such as IMS (IP Multi-media Service, IP multimedia service), Internet, etc.
  • IMS IP Multi-media Service, IP multimedia service
  • Internet etc.
  • the terminal accesses the DN by establishing a session (PDU session) from the UE to the RAN to the UPF network element to the data network (Data Network, DN).
  • PDU session a session from the UE to the RAN to the UPF network element to the data network (Data Network, DN).
  • FIG. 3 shows an architecture diagram of a user plane protocol stack between a terminal and a user plane network element provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal can include the following protocol layers from top to bottom: Application (Application) layer, PDU layer, service data application protocol (service data adaptation protocol, SDAP) layer, packet data convergence protocol (Packet data convergence protocol, PDCP) layer, radio link control (radio link control, RLC) layer, media access control (MAC) layer, L1 layer.
  • the access device may include a first protocol stack equivalent to the terminal and a second protocol stack equivalent to the UPF network element.
  • the first protocol stack includes from top to bottom: SDAP layer equivalent to the terminal's SDAP layer, PDCP layer equivalent to the terminal's PDCP layer, RLC layer equivalent to the terminal's RLC layer, and terminal MAC Layer peer MAC layer and L1 layer peer to terminal's L1 layer.
  • the second protocol stack includes: general packet radio service tunneling protocol user plane (general packet radio service tunneling protocol user plane, GTP-U) layer, UDP layer/internet protocol (IP) layer, L2 layer (layer 2) ) And L1 layer (layer1).
  • the protocol stack of UPF network element includes from top to bottom: PDU layer equivalent to terminal, GTP-U layer equivalent to RAN, UDP/IP layer equivalent to RAN, L2 layer equivalent to RAN, and L1 Floor.
  • the GTP-U layer is a tunnel encapsulation protocol based on the UDP layer/IP layer, and is used to transmit service flow packets between the wireless access network (for example, AN) and the core network (for example, UPF network element).
  • the wireless access network for example, AN
  • the core network for example, UPF network element
  • a tunnel is established between the RAN and the UPF network element to implement service flow message transmission. This tunnel is called the N3 tunnel.
  • the RAN and the UPF network elements are connected through multiple switches or routers, and these switches/routers are used to forward packets between the RAN and the UPF network elements.
  • the first method uses redundant transmission at the GTP-U layer.
  • a redundant N3 tunnel can be established between the RAN and the UPF that the terminal accesses. That is, at least two N3 tunnels are established between the same RAN and the same UPF. For example, N3 tunnel (tunnel) 1 and N3 tunnel 2 as shown in FIG. 4.
  • N3 tunnel (tunnel) 1 and N3 tunnel 2 as shown in FIG. 4.
  • the uplink direction that is, the process in which the terminal sends user plane data to the core network.
  • the RAN receives the uplink user plane data from the terminal, it can copy the uplink user plane data at the GTP-U layer to obtain uplink user plane data 1 and uplink user plane data 2.
  • the uplink user plane data 1 and the uplink user plane data 2 are the same user plane data obtained by copying the uplink user plane data.
  • the RAN uses N3 tunnel 1 to transmit uplink user plane data 1 to the UPF network element, and uses N3 tunnel 2 to transmit uplink user plane data 2 to the UPF network element.
  • the UPF network element After the UPF network element receives the uplink user plane data 1 and the uplink user plane data 2, it can perform repeated detection on the uplink user plane data 1 and the uplink user plane data 2 at the GTP-U layer. In turn, high-reliability transmission of user plane data is realized.
  • the UPF network element For the downlink direction (that is, the core network sends user plane data to the terminal), the UPF network element replicates the downlink user plane data at the GTP-U layer, and replicates the downlink users through the independent N3 tunnel 1 and N3 tunnel 2
  • the surface data are transmitted to the RAN respectively.
  • the RAN deduplicates the downlink user plane data from N3 tunnel 1 and N3 tunnel 2.
  • N3 tunnel 1 and N3 tunnel 2 are different paths for transmitting service flow packets, that is, uplink user plane data 1 and uplink user plane data 2 are transmitted to UPF network elements through different switches/routers.
  • the first method requires the RAN and UPF network elements to copy and de-duplicate user plane data at the GTP-U protocol layer.
  • the first method requires the RAN and UPF network elements to support the GTP-U enhanced protocol.
  • the second method uses redundant transmission at the transmission layer to achieve high-reliability transmission.
  • RAN and UPF network elements support a replication protocol (replication protocol, RP) function, that is, RAN and UPF network elements have a replication function.
  • RP replication protocol
  • the replication function can be used as a separate entity, independent of the RAN and UPF network elements.
  • the RP can be located on a switch/router connected to the RAN/UPF network element.
  • the replication function replicates and de-duplicates the message at the transport layer, thereby realizing redundant transmission of user plane data.
  • the RP function of the RAN replicates the uplink user plane data received from the terminal at the transmission layer to obtain uplink user plane data 1 and uplink user plane data 2. Then the RAN transmits uplink user plane data 1 and uplink user plane data 2 to the UPF network element through independent transmission paths. That is, the RAN transmits uplink user plane data 1 to UPF through transmission path 1, and uplink user plane data 2 to UPF network element. After the UPF network element receives the uplink user plane data 1 and the uplink user plane data 2, it deduplicates them.
  • the RP function of UPF replicates the received downlink user plane data at the transport layer to obtain downlink user plane data 1 and downlink user plane data 2. Then the UPF network element sends the downlink user plane data and the downlink user plane data 2 to the RAN through independent transmission paths.
  • the RAN performs deduplication on the received downlink user plane data 1 and downlink user plane data 2.
  • the transport layer refers to the layer 2 protocol layer in the protocol stack, which may specifically be the MAC layer.
  • the transmission path refers to the path connecting the routers or switches between the RAN and the UPF network element, and the transmission path 1 and the transmission path 2 are independent of each other.
  • the second method requires the RP to copy and de-duplicate user plane data at the transport layer.
  • the second method requires the transmission network between the RAN and UPF network elements to support highly reliable transmission. If the RAN or UPF network element chooses to use the scheme shown in Figure 4 to transmit user plane data, but the RAN or UPF network element does not support the GTP-U enhanced protocol. Or if the RAN or UPF network element adopts the scheme shown in Figure 5 to transmit user plane data, but the transmission network does not support high-reliability transmission. Then, the high-reliability method is an invalid solution, that is, the user plane data transmission is not guaranteed with high reliability.
  • the SMF network element uses the high-reliability solution shown in Figure 4 to transmit user plane data, but the RAN or UPF network element does not support the GTP-U enhanced protocol, or the SMF network element uses the high-reliability solution shown in Figure 5 to transmit the user plane data.
  • the transmission network does not support high-reliability transmission, then the high-reliability scheme selected by the SMF network element cannot be executed normally, that is, the high-reliability scheme is an invalid scheme, and the user plane data transmission of the URLLC service is not obtained. High reliability guarantee.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a transmission method for implementing user plane connection management between an access device and a user plane network element.
  • the session management network element obtains the transmission network capability list information, and determines whether the transmission network supports high-reliability transmission according to the transmission network capability list information, so as to manage the user plane connection between the access device and the user plane network element. For example, if the transmission network supports high-reliability transmission, the solution shown in Figure 5 is selected to transmit user plane data.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a communication device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the communication device includes a processor 41, a communication line 44, and at least one communication interface (in FIG. 6 it is only an example, taking the communication interface 43 as an example for illustration).
  • the processor 41 may be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more programs for controlling the execution of the program of this application. integrated circuit.
  • CPU central processing unit
  • ASIC application-specific integrated circuit
  • the communication line 44 may include a path to transmit information between the aforementioned components.
  • the communication interface 43 uses any device such as a transceiver to communicate with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area networks (WLAN), etc. .
  • RAN radio access network
  • WLAN wireless local area networks
  • the communication device may further include a memory 42.
  • the memory 42 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, random access memory (RAM), or other types that can store information and instructions
  • the dynamic storage device can also be electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disk storage, optical disc storage (Including compact discs, laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs, Blu-ray discs, etc.), magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or can be used to carry or store desired program codes in the form of instructions or data structures and can be used by a computer Any other media accessed, but not limited to this.
  • the memory can exist independently and is connected to the processor through the communication line 44. The memory can also be integrated with the processor.
  • the memory 42 is used to store computer-executable instructions for executing the solution of the present application, and the processor 41 controls the execution.
  • the processor 41 is configured to execute computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 42 to implement the policy control method provided in the following embodiments of the present application.
  • the computer-executable instructions in the embodiments of the present application may also be referred to as application program code, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.
  • the processor 41 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 in FIG. 6.
  • the communication device may include multiple processors, such as the processor 41 and the processor 45 in FIG. 6.
  • processors can be a single-CPU (single-CPU) processor or a multi-core (multi-CPU) processor.
  • the processor here may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and/or processing cores for processing data (for example, computer program instructions).
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a transmission method, and the transmission method includes:
  • Step 101 The session management network element obtains transmission network capability list information. Among them, the transmission network capability list information is used to indicate whether the transmission network supports high reliability.
  • the transmission network is the network between the access device and the user plane network element.
  • the transmission network may be a network between each access network device in at least one access device and at least one user plane network element.
  • Different access devices can correspond to the same user plane network element, that is, one user plane network element can be connected to multiple access devices.
  • One access device can also access multiple user plane network elements.
  • the at least one access device and the at least one user plane network element are both located in the service range of the session management network element.
  • the transmission network may include the network between the access device 1 and the user plane network element 1, the network between the access device 1 and the user plane network element 2, and the network between the access device 2 and the user plane network element 1. Between the network. As shown in Table 1 below:
  • Transmission network 1 Transmission network between access device 1 and user plane network element 1
  • Transmission network 2 Transmission network between access device 1 and user plane network element 2
  • Transmission network 3 Transmission network between access device 2 and user plane network element 1
  • Step 102 The session management network element manages the user plane connection of the terminal between the access device and the user plane network element according to the transmission network capability list information. Among them, the user plane connection is used to transmit service flow packets of the terminal.
  • the management of user plane connections in the embodiments of the present application may refer to establishing a user plane connection or refusing to establish a user plane connection.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a transmission method. Since it is uncertain in the prior art how to manage the user plane connection of the terminal between the access device and the user plane network element, the method obtains the transmission network capability list through the session management network element Information, since the transmission network capability list information is used to indicate whether the transmission network supports high reliability, and the transmission network is the network between the access device and the user plane network element, it is convenient for the session management network element to determine whether the transmission network supports high reliability, and then Decide how to manage user-plane connections. It is convenient for the terminal's service flow message to be reliably transmitted.
  • the transmission network capability list information is used to indicate the access device (for example, the access device 1 shown in Table 1) and the session management network element that the terminal accesses are selected by the terminal in the session management process
  • the transmission network between user plane network elements for example, user plane network element 1
  • the transmission network between user plane network elements for example, user plane network element 1
  • the transmission network between user plane network elements for example, user plane network element 1
  • the method provided in the embodiment of the present application performs step 102 Previously, the embodiments of this application also provided:
  • Step 103 The session management network element obtains the protocol capability indication information of the access device and the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element.
  • the protocol capability indication information of the access device is used to indicate whether the access device supports the General Packet Radio Service Technology Tunneling Protocol-user plane GTP-U protocol enhancement
  • the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element is used to indicate the user plane network element Whether to support GTP-U protocol enhancement.
  • the session management network element may perform step 103.
  • the session management network element determines that the transmission network capability list information is used to indicate that the access device accessed by the terminal and the session management network element are selected by the terminal in the session management process
  • step 103 may be performed.
  • step 101 and step 103 can be performed together.
  • step 103 is located before step 101, that is, the embodiment of the present application compares steps 101 and The order of step 103 is not limited.
  • the method for the session management network element in the embodiment of the present application to obtain the protocol capability indication information of the access device may include:
  • the session management network element receives the protocol capability indication information of the access device from the mobility management network element.
  • step 103 can be specifically implemented in the following manner:
  • Step 1030 The terminal sends an AS message to the access device, so that the access device receives the AS message from the terminal.
  • the AS message carries the NAS message.
  • the NAS message includes: session identifier, data network name DNN, S-NSSAI, and session establishment request message.
  • the terminal may perform step 1030 when it is determined that the session establishment process needs to be performed.
  • Step 1031 The access device sends an N2 message to the mobility management network element.
  • the N2 message carries the protocol capability indication information of the access device, the NAS message in step 1030, the location information of the terminal, and so on.
  • the location information of the terminal can be represented by the identifier of the access device.
  • Step 1032 The mobility management network element sends an N11 message to the session management network element.
  • the N11 message carries the protocol capability indication information of the access device and the location information of the terminal.
  • the session management network element can obtain the protocol capability indication information of the access device from the mobility management network element.
  • the embodiment of the present application is also applicable to the session modification process, that is, in the session modification process, the session management network element obtains the protocol capability indication information of the access device.
  • the session establishment request message in the NAS message in step 1031 may be replaced by the session modification request message.
  • Example 2 The session management network element triggers the protocol capability acquisition process of the access device
  • step 103 can be specifically implemented in the following manner:
  • Step 1033 to step 1035 are similar to step 1030 to step 1032. For details, please refer to the description of step 1030 to step 1032. The difference is that step 1034 and step 1035 do not carry the protocol capability indication information of the access device.
  • Step 1036 The session management network element determines that the service flow of the terminal activates high-reliability transmission according to the received N11 message, the local policy, or the PCC rules from the PCF.
  • Step 1037 The session management network element sends a capability acquisition request message to the access device.
  • the capability acquisition request message is used to request the protocol capability indication information of the access device.
  • Step 1038 The access device receives the capability acquisition request message from the session management network element through the mobility management network element.
  • Step 1039 The access device sends the protocol capability indication information of the access device to the session management network element.
  • the access device in response to the capability acquisition request message, sends a capability acquisition response message to the session management network element through the mobility management network element.
  • the capability acquisition response message carries the protocol capability indication information of the access device.
  • the session management network element can obtain the protocol capability indication information of the access device from the access device.
  • method 2 is described by taking the session establishment process as an example.
  • the session establishment request message in the NAS message in step 1033 may be replaced by the session modification request message.
  • example 1) the access device actively reports protocol capability indication information; in example 2), when the session management network element determines that reliable transmission of service flow packets needs to be activated, the access Only the incoming device reports the protocol capability indication information.
  • the access device protocol capability indication information actively reported by the access device may be useless information for the session management network element. For example, when the session management network element determines to use the transport layer to achieve high-reliability transmission of service flow packets, that is, when the session management network element does not need to activate N3 redundant tunnel transmission, the session management network element does not need to obtain the protocol capability of the access device Instructions.
  • the mobility management network element obtains the protocol capability indication information of the access device during the establishment of the N2 device connection and sends it to the session management network element
  • the session management network element acquiring the protocol capability indication information of the access device includes two parts: The first part: the mobility management network element obtains the access device protocol capability indication information. The second part: the mobility management network element sends the access device protocol capability indication information to the session management network element.
  • the method provided in this embodiment of the present application further includes:
  • Step 201) The access device sends an N2 connection establishment request to the mobility management network element, so that the mobility management network element receives the N2 connection establishment request from the access device.
  • the N2 connection establishment request carries the access device protocol capability indication information.
  • the method also includes:
  • Step 203) The terminal sends an AS message to the access device.
  • the AS message carries the NAS message.
  • the NAS message carries the session identifier, session establishment request message, DNN, and S-NSSAI.
  • Step 204 The access device sends an N2 message to the mobility management network element.
  • the N2 message carries the NAS message in step 203), the location information of the terminal, and so on.
  • Step 206) The mobility management network element sends an N11 message to the session management network element, carrying the protocol capability indication information and NAS message of the access device in step 205).
  • step 103 in the embodiment of the present application can be implemented in the following manner: the session management network element receives the N11 message from the mobility management network element, and obtains the protocol capability indication information of the access device accessed by the terminal from the N11 message .
  • the mobility management network element may also send the protocol capability indication information of the access device to the session management network element after receiving the protocol capability acquisition request sent by the session management network element.
  • the specific changes are as follows:
  • the N11 message in step 206) does not carry the protocol capability indication information of the access device. That is, after step 206, the above-mentioned steps 207 to 210 can also be executed. Specifically, the specific implementation process of step 207 to step 210 can refer to the specific implementation process of step 1036 to step 1039, which will not be repeated here.
  • the session management network element obtains the protocol capability indication information of the access device from the user plane network element.
  • This example 4) has two examples, which are described as follows:
  • Example 4-1 The session management network element obtains the protocol capability of the access device through the network element discovery process
  • FIG. 12 The process for the session management network element in the embodiment of this application to obtain the access device protocol capability indication information through the network element discovery process can be referred to as shown in Figure 12. It should be understood that Figure 12 only lists the session management network element to obtain the access device protocol The process of capability indication information. This FIG. 12 can be used in combination with the above embodiments.
  • Step 301) The session management network element sends a subscription request to the NRF.
  • the subscription request carries the target user plane network element supply information.
  • Step 302 The NRF sends a subscription notification to the session management network element.
  • the subscription notification carries the user plane network element list.
  • the user plane network elements in the user network element list meet the conditions of the target user plane network element supply information in step 301).
  • OAM When OAM instantiates or deploys a new user plane network element, OAM can configure the user plane network element supply information on the NRF or the new user plane network element.
  • OAM can configure the user plane network element supply information on the new user plane network element, perform the following steps:
  • the new user plane network element sends a registration request to the NRF, which carries the supply information of the user plane network element.
  • the registration request also carries the protocol capability indication information of the access device connected to the user plane network element. Further, the registration request also carries the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element.
  • step 303) does not need to be performed.
  • Step 304 The NRF sends a notification message to the session management network element.
  • the notification message carries a list of user plane network elements that comply with the target user plane network element provision information in step 301).
  • the session management network element saves the protocol capability indication information of the access device and the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element.
  • step 103 in the embodiment of this application can be specifically implemented in the following manner: the session management network element determines the access device identifier that the terminal accesses, and the access device stored in the session management network element in this example The protocol capability indication information of the terminal can determine the protocol capability indication information of the terminal access device. Further, after the session management network element selects the user plane network element, according to the protocol capabilities of the user plane network element stored in the session management network element in this example 4-1), the user who provides the service flow packet forwarding service for the terminal can be determined Protocol capability indication information of the surface network element.
  • Example 4-2. The session management network element obtains the protocol capability indication information of the access device through the N4 device connection establishment process
  • FIG. 13 The process of obtaining the protocol capability indication information of the access device by the session management network element in the embodiment of the application through the N4 device connection establishment process can be referred to as shown in Figure 13. It should be understood that Figure 13 only lists the session management network element obtaining the access device The process of protocol capability indication information. This FIG. 13 can be used in combination with the above embodiments.
  • Step 401 The user plane network element has configuration information.
  • the configuration information includes the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element and the protocol capability indication information of at least one access device connected to it.
  • Step 402 The session management network element sends an N4 connection establishment request (for example, N4 Association Setup Request) to the user plane network element.
  • N4 connection establishes an N4 device connection between the session management network element and the user plane network element.
  • Step 403 The user plane network element sends an N4 connection establishment response to the session management network element.
  • the N4 connection establishment response carries the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element in step 401 and the protocol capability indication information of at least one access device connected to it.
  • the session management network element can obtain the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element and the information of the access device connected to it from the user plane network element during the process of establishing the N4 device connection with the user plane network element. Protocol capability indication information.
  • the session management network element determines the identification of the access device that the terminal accesses. According to the protocol capability indication information of the access device stored in the session management network element in this example, the protocol capability of the terminal access device can be determined Instructions. Further, after the session management network element selects the user plane network element, according to the protocol capabilities of the user plane network element saved by the session management network element in this example, the user plane network element that provides the service flow packet forwarding service for the terminal can be determined Protocol capability indication information.
  • the acquisition of the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element by the session management network element in the embodiment of the present application includes: the session management network element obtains the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element from the user plane network element. Alternatively, the session management network element obtains the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element from the network warehouse storage function NRF.
  • the access device sends an NG establishment request to the mobility management network element, and the NG establishment request carries the protocol capability indication information of the access device.
  • the mobility management network element saves the mapping relationship between the identifier of the access device and the protocol capability of the access device according to the NG establishment request.
  • the mobility management network element sends an NG establishment response to the access device.
  • the mobility management network element determines the access device that the terminal accesses according to the location information of the terminal. Then the mobility management network element determines the protocol capability indication information of the access device according to the stored mapping relationship between the identifier of the access device and the protocol capability of the access device. Then perform step 403 above.
  • the session management network element determines that it needs to activate high-reliability transmission for a certain service flow packet according to the local policy or PCC rules from the PCF
  • the session management network element sends to the access device through the mobility management network element to obtain Capability acquisition request message.
  • the access device sends a capability acquisition response message to the session management network element through the mobility management network element.
  • the capability acquisition response message carries the protocol capability indication information of the access device.
  • mode 2 the access device actively reports protocol capability indication information.
  • the access device when the session management network element determines that reliable transmission of service flow packets needs to be activated, the access device only reports the protocol capability indication information.
  • the protocol capability indication information of the access device actively reported by the access device in Mode 1 may be useless information for the session management network element. For example, when the session management network element determines that redundant transmission does not need to be activated, the session management network element may not need to obtain the protocol capability indication information of the access device.
  • the session management network element obtains the protocol capability indication information of the access device from the user plane network element.
  • Step a1) the session management network element sends a subscription request to the NRF.
  • the subscription request carries provisioning information of the target user plane network element.
  • Step b1) The NRF sends a subscription notification to the session management network element.
  • the subscription notification carries the user plane network element list.
  • the user plane network elements in the user network element list meet the conditions of provisioning information of the target user plane network element in step a1).
  • Step c1) OAM or user plane network element deploys a new user plane network element instance.
  • User plane network element or OAM configuration user plane network element User plane network element or OAM configuration user plane network element.
  • Step d1) the OAM or the user plane network element sends the configuration information of the user plane network element to the NRF.
  • the OAM or the user plane network element may also send the protocol capability indication information of the access device and the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element to the NRF.
  • Step e1) The NRF sends a notification message to the session management network element.
  • the notification message carries a user plane list that complies with the provisioning information of the target user plane network element.
  • the user plane network element has configuration information.
  • the configuration information includes the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element and the protocol capability indication information of at least one access device.
  • the session management network element sends an N4 connection establishment request to the user plane network element.
  • the N4 connection establishment request is used to request the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element and the protocol capability indication information of the access device accessed by the terminal.
  • the user plane network element sends an N4 connection establishment response to the session management network element.
  • the N4 connection establishment response carries the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element and the protocol capability indication information of the access device that the terminal accesses. In this way, the session management network element can obtain the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element and the protocol capability of the access device accessed by the terminal from the user plane network element during the process of establishing an N4 connection with the user plane network element Instructions.
  • the session management network element obtains the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element, including: the session management network element obtains the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element from the user plane network element; or, the session management network element obtains the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element from the user plane network element;
  • the network warehouse storage function NRF obtains the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element.
  • step 102 in the embodiment of the present application can be implemented in the following manner:
  • step 102 in the embodiment of the present application can be implemented in the following manner:
  • Step 1021 the session management network element manages the user plane connection according to the protocol capability indication information of the access device, the protocol capability indication information of the user plane network element, and the transmission network capability list information.
  • step 1021 can be implemented in the following manner: when the access device and the user plane network element both support the GTP-U protocol enhancement, the session management network element is between the access device and the user plane network element Establish at least two N3 tunnels as user plane connections.
  • the session management network element can be determined to use the GTP-U layer for redundant transmission. That is, the scheme shown in Figure 4.
  • the session management network element can be determined to adopt the GTP -U layer performs redundant transmission.
  • step 1021 can be implemented in the following manner: When the transmission network supports high-reliability transmission, the session management network element establishes an N3 tunnel between the access device and the user plane network element as a user plane connection .
  • the transmission network supports high-reliability transmission, regardless of whether the access device and the user plane network element support the GTP-U protocol enhancement, the scheme of performing redundant transmission at the transmission layer as shown in FIG. 5 can be adopted.
  • step 1021 can be implemented in the following manner: When the transmission network supports high-reliability transmission, and both the access device and the user plane network element support the GTP-U protocol enhancement, the session management network element Information, it is determined that at least two N3 tunnels or one N3 tunnel are established between the access device and the user plane network element as the user plane connection.
  • the session management network element can determine whether to adopt the scheme shown in Figure 4 or Figure 5 according to the policy information. The scheme shown.
  • the policy information may be pre-stored in the session management network element, and the policy information may also be obtained by the session management network element from other network elements (for example, PCF network elements), which is not limited in this embodiment of the application.
  • PCF network elements for example, PCF network elements
  • the policy information may be the priority of redundant transmission at the transmission layer and the priority of redundant transmission at the GTP-U layer. For example, if the priority of redundant transmission at the transmission layer is higher than the priority of redundant transmission at the GTP-U layer, when the transmission network supports high-reliability transmission, even the access equipment and user plane network elements support GTP- When the U protocol is enhanced, the session management network element still determines to establish an N3 tunnel as the user plane connection between the access device and the user plane network element. That is, the access device and the user plane network element perform redundant transmission at the transmission layer to realize the reliable transmission of service flow messages.
  • the session management network element can determine to refuse to establish a user plane connection . In other words, the session management network element rejects session management.
  • Table 2 shows the high-reliability transmission scheme selected by the session management network element in different situations.
  • the transmission network capability list information is used to indicate whether the transmission network between each of the at least one access device and at least one user plane network element supports high-reliability transmission, as shown in FIG. 14, before step 102, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes:
  • Step 104 The session management network element obtains location information of the terminal.
  • the session management network element may obtain the location information of the terminal from the mobility management network element.
  • the location information of the terminal is used to determine the access device of the terminal in at least one access device.
  • the location information of the terminal may be represented by the identifier of the access device.
  • Step 105 The session management network element selects a user plane network element that supports high reliability of the transmission network from the transmission network list information according to the location information of the terminal and the transmission network capability list information. It should be understood that the user plane network element selected in step 105 is used to establish an N3 tunnel.
  • step 102 can be implemented in the following manner: the session management network element determines to establish an N3 tunnel between the access device accessed by the terminal and the user plane network element supporting the high reliability of the transmission network, Connect as the user plane.
  • the session management network element determines an access device that provides an access service for the terminal according to the location information of the terminal, and determines at least one transmission network associated with the access device according to the transmission network capability list information. Then, a transmission network supporting high reliability is determined from the at least one transmission network. Then, the corresponding user plane network element in the transmission network supporting high reliability is determined as the user plane network element used to establish the N3 tunnel. It should be noted that if the session management network element determines that there are multiple transmission networks associated with the access device according to the location information of the terminal. If multiple transmission networks support high-reliability transmission, the session management network element may select any user plane network element in the transmission network from the multiple transmission networks to determine the user plane network element for establishing the N3 tunnel. Of course, if each of the multiple transmission networks has a priority, the session management network element may use the user plane network element in the transmission network with the higher priority as the user plane network element for establishing the N3 tunnel.
  • step 102 may be implemented in the following manner at this time: the session management network element establishes an N3 tunnel between the access device and the user plane network element as a user plane connection.
  • Table 3 illustrates a type of transmission network capability list information.
  • Table 3 A list of transmission network capabilities
  • Transmission network-1 (RAN1, UPF1) Support high reliability Transmission network-2 (RAN2, UPF1) Support high reliability Transmission network-3 (RAN1, UPF2) Does not support high reliability
  • the session management network element determines that the base station currently accessed by the terminal is RAN1 according to the location information of the terminal. The session management network element then obtains the transmission network related to RAN1 according to the transmission network capability list information shown in Table 2, including transmission network-1 and transmission network-3. Among them, transmission network-1 supports high-reliability transmission, and transmission network- 3 Does not support high reliability. Then, the session management network element may determine to select UPF1 in the transmission network-1 as the user plane network element for establishing the N3 tunnel.
  • Step 104 and step 105 mainly describe that when the transmission network supports high-reliability transmission, you can choose to support the user plane network elements in the high-reliability transmission network, but in the actual process, there may be that the transmission network does not support high-reliability transmission. Therefore, in another optional embodiment, as shown in FIG. 15, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes:
  • Step 106 The session management network element obtains the protocol capability indication information of the access device.
  • step 106 and step 107 all refer to the access devices accessed by the terminal.
  • step 106 reference may be made to the process in which the session management network element obtains the protocol capability indication information of the access device in the foregoing embodiment, which will not be repeated here.
  • Step 107 The session management network element determines the user plane network element according to the protocol capability indication information of the access device and the transmission network capability list information.
  • step 107 in the embodiment of the present application can be specifically implemented in the following manner: when the transmission network capability list information indicates that there is no user plane network element supporting the high reliability of the transmission network, and the access device supports GTP When the -U protocol is enhanced, the session management network element determines that the user plane network element that supports the GTP-U protocol enhancement is the user plane network element. It should be understood that at least two N3 tunnels are established between the user plane network element finally selected by the session management network element in step 106 and step 107.
  • the session management network element determines at least one transmission network associated with the access device from the transmission network capability list information according to the location information of the terminal. If the session management network element determines that there is no transmission network supporting high reliability in at least one transmission network. Then, when the access device supports the GTP-U protocol enhancement, the session management network element can select the user plane network element that supports the GTP-U protocol enhancement as the user plane network element.
  • the session management network element determines that there is no transmission network that supports high reliability in at least one transmission network, and the access device supports GTP-U protocol enhancement, there is no user plane network that supports GTP-U protocol enhancement. However, the session management network element can also refuse to establish a user plane connection.
  • Table 4 illustrates a type of transmission network capability list information.
  • Transmission network-1 (RAN1, UPF network element 1) Does not support high reliability Transmission network-2 (RAN2, UPF network element 1) Support high reliability Transmission network-3 (RAN1, UPF network element 2) Does not support high reliability
  • the RAN protocol capability indication information obtained by the session management network element indicates that the RAN supports the enhancement of the GTP-U protocol.
  • the UPF protocol capability indication information obtained by the session management network element is: UPF network element 1 supports GTP-U protocol enhancement, and UPF network element 2 and UPF network element 3 do not support GTP-U protocol enhancement.
  • the session management network element determines that the terminal currently accesses RAN1 according to the location information in the network element. With reference to Table 3, the session management network element determines that the transmission networks related to RAN1 are transmission network-1 and transmission network-3, but neither transmission network-3 nor transmission network-1 supports high reliability. Therefore, the session management network element cannot determine the user plane network element that supports the transmission network's high reliability from the transmission network. Further, the session management network element can obtain the protocol capability indication information of RAN1 according to the method of obtaining the protocol capability indication information of the access device in step 103. Assuming that RAN1 supports the GTP-U protocol enhancement, the session management network element Choose UPF that supports GTP-U protocol enhancement. For example, assuming that UPF1 supports GTP-U protocol enhancement, the user plane network element ultimately selected by the session management network element is UPF1.
  • RAN1 supports GTP-U protocol enhancement. However, neither transmission network-3 nor transmission network-1 supports high reliability. If neither UPF network element 1 nor UPF network element 3 supports the GTP-U protocol enhancement. Then the session management network element may determine to refuse to establish a user plane connection.
  • the session management network element determines to refuse to establish a user plane connection.
  • the access device at this time refers to the access device that the terminal accesses.
  • the transmission network does not support high reliability, the access device accessed by the terminal does not support the GTP-U protocol enhancement, even if the access device accessed by the terminal is connected to multiple user plane network elements at this time, the multiple users All plane network elements support the enhancement of the GTP-U protocol, and the session management network element can also determine to refuse to establish a user plane connection.
  • the session management network element determines that the terminal currently accesses RAN1 according to the location of the terminal.
  • the session management network element can determine that the transmission network associated with RAN1 includes transmission network-1 and transmission network-3 according to the information shown in Table 3. Among them, transmission network-1 and transmission network-3 do not support high reliability.
  • the session management network element can obtain the protocol capability indication information of RAN1 according to the method of obtaining the protocol capability indication information of the access device in step 103. Assuming that RAN1 does not support the GTP-U protocol enhancement, the session management network The meta is determined to refuse to establish a user plane connection.
  • the session management network element determines to establish at least two N3 tunnels between the access device and the user plane network element, that is, when the access device and the user plane network element both support the GTP-U protocol enhancement, as shown in Figure 16, this The method provided in the application embodiment also includes:
  • Step 108 The session management network element sends a first instruction to the access device and the user plane network element.
  • the first instruction is used to instruct the access device to de-duplicate, copy, and instruct the terminal's service flow packet at the GTP-U layer.
  • the user plane network element deduplicates and duplicates the service flow packets of the terminal at the GTP-U layer.
  • the session management network element may also send the tunnel information of the at least two N3 tunnels to the access device and the user plane network element. In this way, the access device/user plane network element determines to use the at least two N3 tunnels indicated by the tunnel information of the at least two N3 tunnels to transmit the service flow message and the service flow message obtained after copying.
  • step 108 For the process described in step 108, reference may be made to the description in the prior art, which will not be repeated here.
  • Step 109 The access device or the user plane network element receives the first instruction from the session management network element.
  • Step 110 According to the first instruction, the access device or the user plane network element performs repeated detection on the service flow packets received from the terminal on at least two N3 tunnels.
  • Duplicate detection means deduplication and duplication. That is, the service flow packets received on at least two N3 tunnels are duplicate service flow packets, or the buffered service flow packets are duplicates, then the access device or user plane network element can report the duplicate service flow packets Text discarded.
  • the session management network element may also send tunnel information of the at least two N3 tunnels to the access device and the user plane network element.
  • the access device/user plane network element determines that the service flow message to be copied at the GTP-U layer and the service flow message obtained after the copy are transmitted using at least two N3 tunnels indicated by the tunnel information of the at least two N3 tunnels.
  • the access device/user-plane network element can also perform operations on the replicated service flow packets received in the at least two N3 tunnels indicated by the tunnel information of the at least two N3 tunnels and the service flow packets obtained after the replication. Repeat the test.
  • the session management network element determines to establish an N3 tunnel between the access device and the user plane network element
  • the session management network element in the embodiment of this application can establish an N3 tunnel between the access device and the user plane network element. , That is, there is no need to instruct user plane network elements and access devices to allocate redundant tunnel information. Similarly, there is no need to instruct the UPF/RAN to perform repeated detection or copy service flow packets.
  • the session management network element determines to establish an N3 tunnel between the access device and the user plane network element, the session management network element in the embodiment of this application may not instruct the user plane network element and the access device to allocate redundant tunnel information. Similarly, there is no need to instruct the UPF/RAN to perform repeated detection or copy service flow packets.
  • the method provided in this embodiment of the present application further includes:
  • Step 111 When the transmission network capability list information indicates that the transmission network does not support high reliability, and any one or more of the access equipment or user plane network elements does not support the GTP-U protocol enhancement, the The session management network element sends to the terminal instruction information used to indicate refusal to establish the user plane connection. This is convenient for the terminal to determine in time that the network side refuses to establish the user plane connection.
  • Step 112 The terminal receives instruction information from the session management network element that is used to indicate refusal to establish a user plane connection.
  • the session management network element may also send a reason value for refusing to establish a user plane connection to the user plane network element and the access device.
  • the session management network element obtains the transmission network capability list information, which can be specifically implemented in the following manner:
  • Example 5 The transmission network capability list information is pre-configured in the session management network element.
  • the OAM configures the transmission network capability list information in the session management network element.
  • the session management network element can determine the access device that the terminal accesses and the selected user plane network element based on the access device that the terminal accesses and the user plane network element selected by the session management network element for the terminal.
  • the session management network element obtains the protocol capability information of the target transmission network from the pre-configured transmission network capability list information according to the target transmission network identifier. It should be understood that the transmission network capability list information is used to indicate whether the transmission network supports high reliability.
  • the transmission network capability list information includes: the protocol capability indication information of transmission network 1 (the transmission network between the access device 1 and the user plane network element 1), the transmission network 2 (the one between the access device 1 and the user plane network element 2) The transmission network between the access device 2 and the user plane network element 1) and the transmission network 3 (the transmission network between the access device 2 and the user plane network element 1). If the session management network element determines that the terminal is connected to the access device 1, and the user plane network element selected for the terminal in the session management process is the user plane network element 1, the target transmission network is determined to be transmission network 1, and then the transmission network The capability of the transmission network 1 is determined in the capability list information.
  • the session management network element obtains the transmission network capability list information from the NRF or the user plane network element.
  • the NRF may obtain the transmission network capability list information from the registration request sent by the user plane network element or from the OAM; further, the session management network element may obtain the transmission network capability list information from the NRF during the network element discovery stage.
  • the session management network element obtains the transmission network capability list information from the user plane network element.
  • the session management network element determines the target transmission network based on the access device accessed by the terminal and the user plane network element selected by the session management network element, and determines the corresponding transmission network based on the acquired transmission network capability list information Transmission network capacity.
  • each network element such as a session management network element, a user plane network element, and an access device, includes a hardware structure and/or software module corresponding to each function.
  • the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a certain function is executed by hardware or computer software-driven hardware depends on the specific application and design constraint conditions of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians can use different methods for each specific application to implement the described functions, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.
  • the embodiments of the present application can divide the functional units according to the above-mentioned method examples, session management network elements, user plane network elements, and access devices.
  • each functional unit can be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions can be divided.
  • the above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional unit. It should be noted that the division of units in the embodiments of the present application is illustrative, and is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation.
  • the transmission device provided in the embodiment of the present application can execute the method executed by the sending end in the above communication method, that is, the steps executed by the session management network element.
  • Another transmission device can execute the method executed by the receiving end in the communication method in the foregoing embodiment, that is, the steps executed by the access device.
  • Another transmission device can execute the method executed by the receiving end in the communication method in the foregoing embodiment, that is, the steps executed by the user plane network element.
  • FIG. 18 shows a schematic structural diagram of a transmission device provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the transmission device may be any of the session management network elements, user plane network elements, and access equipment in the embodiments of the present application. One. It may also be a chip used in a session management network element, or a chip in a user plane network element, or a chip in an access device.
  • the transmission device includes: a processing unit 101 and a communication unit 102. Wherein, the communication unit 102 is used to support the transmission device to perform the steps of sending or receiving information.
  • the processing unit 101 is used to support the transmission device to perform information processing steps.
  • the communication unit 102 is configured to support the transmission device to perform step 101 in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the processing unit 101 is configured to support the transmission device to execute step 102 in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the communication unit 102 is further configured to support the transmission device to perform step 103, step 1037, step 301, step 402, step 104, step 106, and step 108 in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the processing unit 101 is also configured to support the transmission device to execute step 1036, step 1021, step 105, and step 107 in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the communication unit 102 is configured to support the transmission device to perform step 109 in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the communication unit 102 is further configured to support the transmission device to perform step 1031, step 1034, step 1038, step 1039, step 201, and step 204 in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the processing unit 101 is configured to support the transmission device to execute step 110 in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the processing unit 101 is an optional unit.
  • the transmission device may further include: a storage unit 103.
  • the processing unit 101, the communication unit 102, and the storage unit 103 are connected by a communication bus.
  • the storage unit 103 may include one or more memories, and the memories may be devices for storing programs or data in one or more devices or circuits.
  • the storage unit 103 can exist independently and is connected to the processing unit 101 of the transmission device through a communication bus.
  • the storage unit 103 may also be integrated with the processing unit.
  • the transmission device can be used in communication equipment, circuits, hardware components, or chips.
  • the transmission device may be the session management network element, the chip or the chip system of the access device in the embodiment of the present application as an example
  • the communication unit 102 may be an input or output interface, pin, or circuit.
  • the storage unit 103 may store computer-executed instructions for the session management network element and the method on the access device side, so that the processing unit 101 executes the session management network element and the method on the access device side in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the storage unit 103 may be a register, a cache, a RAM, etc., and the storage unit 103 may be integrated with the processing unit 101.
  • the storage unit 103 may be a ROM or another type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, and the storage unit 103 may be independent of the processing unit 101.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a transmission device.
  • the transmission device includes one or more modules for implementing the method in step 101 to step 112.
  • the one or more modules can be combined with the method in step 101 to step 112.
  • the steps of the method correspond.
  • a unit or module that executes each step in the method in the session management network element For each step in the method executed by the access device, there is a unit or module that executes each step in the method in the access device.
  • a module that controls or processes the actions of the transmission device may be called a processing module.
  • the module that executes the steps of processing messages or data on the transmission device side may be referred to as a communication module.
  • the processing unit 101 of the transmission device as shown in FIG. 18 may be the processor 41 or the processing 45 as shown in FIG. 6, and the communication unit 102 may be the communication as shown in FIG.
  • the interface 43 and the storage unit 103 may be the memory 42.
  • the communication interface 43 is used to support the transmission device to perform step 101 in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the processor 41 or the processor 45 is configured to support the transmission device to execute step 102 in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the communication interface 43 is also used to support the communication device as shown in FIG. 6 to perform step 103, step 1037, step 301, step 402, step 104, step 106, and step 108 in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the processor 41 or the processing 45 is further configured to support the communication device shown in FIG. 6 to execute step 1036, step 1021, step 105, and step 107 in the foregoing embodiment.
  • taking the transmission device may be an access device or a chip or a chip system applied to the access device as an example, the communication interface is used to support the communication device shown in FIG. 6 to perform the above-mentioned embodiment.
  • the processor 41 or the processor 45 is configured to support the transmission device to execute step 105 in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the communication interface 43 is also used to support the communication device shown in FIG. 6 to execute step 109 in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the processor 41 or the processor 45 is configured to support the communication device shown in FIG. 6 to execute step 110 in the foregoing embodiment.
  • the communication interface 43 is also used to support the communication device shown in FIG. 6 to execute step 1031, step 1034, step 1038, step 1039, step 201, and step 204 in the foregoing embodiment.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip 150 provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the chip 150 includes one or more (including two) processors 1510 and a communication interface 1530.
  • the chip 150 shown in FIG. 19 further includes a memory 1540.
  • the memory 1540 may include a read-only memory and a random access memory, and provides operation instructions and data to the processor 1510.
  • a part of the memory 1540 may also include a non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM).
  • NVRAM non-volatile random access memory
  • the memory 1540 stores the following elements, executable modules or data structures, or their subsets, or their extended sets:
  • the operation instruction stored in the memory 1540 (the operation instruction may be stored in the operating system), the corresponding operation is performed.
  • One possible implementation manner is that the structures of the chips used by the session management network element, the second control plane network element, and the first terminal are similar, and different devices can use different chips to realize their respective functions.
  • the processor 1510 controls operations of the session management network element, the second control plane network element, and the first terminal.
  • the processor 1510 may also be referred to as a central processing unit (CPU).
  • the memory 1540 may include a read-only memory and a random access memory, and provides instructions and data to the processor 1510.
  • a part of the memory 1540 may also include a non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM).
  • NVRAM non-volatile random access memory
  • the memory 1540, the communication interface 1530, and the memory 1540 are coupled together through a bus system 1520, where the bus system 1520 may include a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus in addition to a data bus.
  • various buses are marked as the bus system 1520 in FIG. 19.
  • the above communication unit may be an interface circuit or communication interface of the device for receiving signals from other devices.
  • the communication unit is an interface circuit or communication interface used by the chip to receive signals or send signals from other chips or devices.
  • the method disclosed in the foregoing embodiment of the present invention may be applied to the processor 1510 or implemented by the processor 1510.
  • the processor 1510 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities.
  • the steps of the foregoing method can be completed by hardware integrated logic circuits in the processor 1510 or instructions in the form of software.
  • the above-mentioned processor 1510 may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processing (digital signal processing, DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or Other programmable logic devices, discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
  • DSP digital signal processing
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field-programmable gate array
  • Other programmable logic devices discrete gates or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
  • the general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may also be any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention may be directly embodied as being executed and completed by a hardware decoding processor, or executed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in a mature storage medium in the field such as random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory 1540, and the processor 1510 reads the information in the memory 1540, and completes the steps of the foregoing method in combination with its hardware.
  • the communication interface 1530 is used to perform the steps of receiving and sending the session management network element, the access device, and the user plane network element in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7-17.
  • the processor 1510 is configured to perform the processing steps of the session management network element, the access device, and the user plane network element in the embodiment shown in FIG. 7-17.
  • the instructions stored in the memory for execution by the processor may be implemented in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product may be written in the memory in advance, or it may be downloaded and installed in the memory in the form of software.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer can be a general-purpose computer, a dedicated computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • Computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium.
  • computer instructions can be transmitted from a website, computer, server, or data center through a cable (such as Coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means to transmit to another website, computer, server or data center.
  • a cable such as Coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)
  • wireless such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be stored by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or a data center integrated with one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, and a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk, SSD).
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the methods described in the foregoing embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. If implemented in software, the functions can be stored as one or more instructions or codes on a computer-readable medium or transmitted on the computer-readable medium.
  • Computer-readable media may include computer storage media and communication media, and may also include any media that can transfer a computer program from one place to another.
  • the storage medium may be any target medium that can be accessed by a computer.
  • the computer-readable medium may include RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that is targeted to carry or is structured with instructions or data.
  • the required program code is stored in the form and can be accessed by the computer.
  • any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if you use coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL) or wireless technology (such as infrared, radio and microwave) to transmit software from a website, server or other remote source, then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable , Twisted pair, DSL or wireless technologies such as infrared, radio, and microwave are included in the definition of the medium.
  • DSL digital subscriber line
  • wireless technology such as infrared, radio and microwave
  • Magnetic disks and optical disks as used herein include compact disks (CDs), laser disks, optical disks, digital versatile disks (DVDs), floppy disks and blu-ray disks, where disks usually reproduce data magnetically, while optical disks use lasers to optically reproduce data. Combinations of the above should also be included in the scope of computer-readable media.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product.
  • the methods described in the foregoing embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. If it is implemented in software, it can be fully or partially implemented in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the above computer program instructions are loaded and executed on the computer, the processes or functions described in the above method embodiments are generated in whole or in part.
  • the aforementioned computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, a base station, a terminal, or other programmable devices.

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Abstract

本申请实施例提供一种传输方法及装置，涉及通信技术领域，用以提高终端的业务流报文的传输可靠性。该方法包括：会话管理网元获取传输网能力列表信息；其中，所述传输网能力列表信息用于指示传输网是否支持高可靠，所述传输网为接入设备与用户面网元之间的网络。会话管理网元根据所述传输网能力列表信息，管理终端在所述接入设备与所述用户面网元之间的用户面连接，所述用户面连接用于传输所述终端的业务流报文。

Description

一种传输方法及装置
本申请要求于2019年02月19日提交国家知识产权局、申请号为201910123302.0、申请名称为“一种传输方法及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种传输方法及装置。
背景技术
针对第五代(5-Generation，5G)移动通信技术，第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd Generation Partnership Project，3GPP)组织定义了低时延高可靠连接(ultra-Reliable and Low Latency Communications，URLLC)场景。其中，URLLC的特点是高可靠、低时延、极高的可用性。它包括以下各类场景及应用：工业应用和控制、交通安全和控制、远程制造、远程培训、远程手术等。3GPP TR38.913对URLLC的时延和可靠性方面的指标进行了定义。时延：对于URLLC业务，用户面上行时延目标和下行时延目标是0.5ms。可靠性：定义为在特定时延内传送X字节数据包的成功率。通常URLLC业务一次传送的可靠性要求为：用户面时延1ms内，传送32字节包的可靠性为1～10^ (-5)。
因此，如何实现URLLC业务在终端和5G核心网之间的可靠性传输是目前亟待解决的问题。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种传输方法及装置，用以提高终端的业务流保温的传输可靠性。
为了达到上述目的，本申请实施例提供如下技术方案：
第一方面，本申请实施例提供一种传输方法，包括：会话管理网元获取传输网能力列表信息。其中，传输网能力列表信息用于指示传输网是否支持高可靠，传输网为接入设备与用户面网元之间的网络；会话管理网元根据传输网能力列表信息，管理终端在接入设备与用户面网元之间的用户面连接，用户面连接用于传输终端的业务流报文。
本申请实施例提供一种传输方法，由于现有技术中并不确定如何管理终端在接入设备与用户面网元之间的用户面连接，该方法中通过会话管理网元获取传输网能力列表信息，由于传输网能力列表信息用于指示传输网是否支持高可靠，传输网为接入设备与用户面网元之间的网络，因此，便于会话管理网元确定传输网是否支持高可靠，进而决定如何管理用户面连接。便于终端的业务流报文可以可靠传输。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：会话管理网元获取接入设备的协议能力指示信息以及用户面网元的协议能力指示信息，其中，接入设备的协议能力指示信息用于指示接入设备是否支持通用分组无线服务技术隧道协议—用户面GTP-U协议增强，用户面网元是否支持GTP-U协议增强；会话管理网元根据传输网能力列表信息，管理终端在接入设备与用户面网元之间的用户面连接，具体包括：会话管理网元根据接入设备的协议能力指示信息、用户面网元的协议能力指示信息以 及传输网能力列表信息，管理用户面连接。这样便于会话管理网元结合接入设备的协议能力指示信息、用户面网元的协议能力指示信息以及传输网能力列表信息对用户面连接执行管理。
在一种可能的实现方式中，会话管理网元获取用户面网元的协议能力指示信息，包括：会话管理网元从用户面网元处获取用户面网元的协议能力指示信息；或者，会话管理网元从网络仓库贮存功能NRF处获取用户面网元的协议能力指示信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，会话管理网元根据接入设备的协议能力指示信息、用户面网元的协议能力指示信息以及传输网能力列表信息，管理用户面连接，包括：当接入设备和用户面网元均支持GTP-U协议增强时，会话管理网元在接入设备与用户面网元之间建立至少两个N3隧道作为用户面连接。便于采用至少两个N3隧道传输业务流报文。
在一种可能的实现方式中，会话管理网元根据接入设备的协议能力指示信息、用户面网元的协议能力指示信息以及传输网能力列表信息，管理用户面连接，包括：当传输网支持高可靠传输时，会话管理网元在接入设备与用户面网元之间建立一个N3隧道作为用户面连接。便于采用一个N3隧道作为用户面连接传输业务流报文。
在一种可能的实现方式中，会话管理网元根据接入设备的协议能力指示信息、用户面网元的协议能力指示信息以及传输网能力列表信息，管理用户面连接，包括：当传输网支持高可靠传输，接入设备和用户面网元均支持GTP-U协议增强时，会话管理网元根据策略信息，确定在接入设备与用户面网元之间建立至少两个N3隧道或者一个一个N3隧道作为用户面连接。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：会话管理网元获取终端的位置信息；会话管理网元根据终端的位置信息、以及传输网能力列表信息，在传输网列表信息中选择支持传输网高可靠的用户面网元。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：会话管理网元获取接入设备的协议能力指示信息；会话管理网元根据接入设备的协议能力指示信息以及传输网能力列表信息，确定用户面网元。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：会话管理网元根据接入设备的协议能力指示信息以及传输网能力列表信息，确定用户面网元，包括：
当传输网能力列表信息指示不存在支持传输网高可靠的用户面网元，且接入设备支持GTP-U协议增强时，会话管理网元确定支持GTP-U协议增强的用户面网元为用户面网元。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：当传输网能力列表信息指示传输网不支持高可靠，且接入设备和用户面网元中的任一个或多个不支持GTP-U协议增强时，会话管理网元向接入设备发送用于指示拒绝建立用户面连接的指示信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：会话管理网元获取接入设备的协议能力指示信息，包括：会话管理网元接收来自移动管理网元的接入设备的协议能力指示信息。或者，会话管理网元向接入设备发送能力获取请求消息，能力获取请求消息用于请求接入设备的协议能力指示信息。或者，会话管理网元从用户 面网元处获取接入设备的协议能力指示信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，会话管理网元获取传输网能力列表信息，包括：会话管理网元中预先配置传输网能力列表信息。或者，会话管理网元从NRF或者用户面网元处获取传输网能力列表信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当接入设备和用户面网元均支持GTP-U协议增强时，本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：会话管理网元向接入设备和用户面网元发送第一指示。其中，第一指示用于指示接入设备在GTP-U层复制业务流报文，以及指示用户面网元在GTP-U层对业务流报文进行重复检测；或者，第一指示用于指示用户面网元在GTP-U层复制业务流报文，以及指示接入设备在GTP-U层对业务流报文进行重复检测。
第二方面，本申请实施例提供一种传输装置，该传输装置可以是会话管理网元，也可以是会话管理网元内的芯片或者芯片系统。该传输装置可以包括处理单元和通信单元。当该传输装置是会话管理网元时，该处理单元可以是处理器，该通信单元可以是通信接口或接口电路。该传输装置还可以包括存储单元，该存储单元可以是存储器。该存储单元用于存储指令，该处理单元执行该存储单元所存储的指令，以使该会话管理网元实现第一方面或第一方面的任意一种可能的实现方式中描述的一种传输方法。
示例性的，当该传输装置是会话管理网元时，通信单元，用于获取传输网能力列表信息。其中，传输网能力列表信息用于指示传输网是否支持高可靠，传输网为接入设备与用户面网元之间的网络。处理单元，用于根据传输网能力列表信息，管理终端在接入设备与用户面网元之间的用户面连接，用户面连接用于传输终端的业务流报文。
在一种可能的实现方式中，通信单元，还用于获取接入设备的协议能力指示信息以及用户面网元的协议能力指示信息，其中，接入设备的协议能力指示信息用于指示接入设备是否支持通用分组无线服务技术隧道协议—用户面GTP-U协议增强，用户面网元是否支持GTP-U协议增强。处理单元，具体用于根据接入设备的协议能力指示信息、用户面网元的协议能力指示信息以及传输网能力列表信息，管理用户面连接。
在一种可能的实现方式中，通信单元，还具体用于从用户面网元处获取用户面网元的协议能力指示信息。或者，通信单元，还具体用于从网络仓库贮存功能NRF处获取用户面网元的协议能力指示信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当接入设备和用户面网元均支持GTP-U协议增强时，处理单元，具体用于在接入设备与用户面网元之间建立至少两个N3隧道作为用户面连接。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当传输网支持高可靠传输时，处理单元，具体用于在接入设备与用户面网元之间建立一个N3隧道作为用户面连接。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当传输网支持高可靠传输，接入设备和用户面网元均支持GTP-U协议增强时，处理单元，具体用于根据策略信息，确定在接入设备与用户面网元之间建立至少两个N3隧道或者一个N3隧道作为用户面连接。
在一种可能的实现方式中，通信单元，还用于获取终端的位置信息。处理单元，还用于根据终端的位置信息、以及传输网能力列表信息，在传输网列表信息中选择支持传输网高可靠的用户面网元。
在一种可能的实现方式中，通信单元，还用于获取接入设备的协议能力指示信息。 处理单元，还用于根据接入设备的协议能力指示信息以及传输网能力列表信息，确定用户面网元。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当传输网能力列表信息指示不存在支持传输网高可靠的用户面网元，且接入设备支持GTP-U协议增强时，处理单元，还具体用于确定支持GTP-U协议增强的用户面网元为用户面网元。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当传输网能力列表信息指示传输网不支持高可靠，且接入设备和用户面网元中的任一个或多个不支持GTP-U协议增强时，通信单元，还用于向接入设备发送用于指示拒绝建立用户面连接的指示信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，通信单元，还具体用于接收来自移动管理网元的接入设备的协议能力指示信息。或者，
在一种可能的实现方式中，通信单元，还具体用于向接入设备发送能力获取请求消息，能力获取请求消息用于请求接入设备的协议能力指示信息；或者，
在一种可能的实现方式中，通信单元，还具体用于从用户面网元处获取接入设备的协议能力指示信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，传输装置中预先配置传输网能力列表信息；或者，通信单元，具体用于从NRF或者用户面网元处获取传输网能力列表信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当接入设备和用户面网元均支持GTP-U协议增强时，通信单元，还用于向接入设备和用户面网元发送第一指示，第一指示用于指示接入设备在GTP-U层复制业务流报文，以及指示用户面网元在GTP-U层对业务流报文进行重复检测；或者，第一指示用于指示用户面网元在GTP-U层复制业务流报文，以及指示接入设备在GTP-U层对业务流报文进行重复检测。
示例性的，当该传输装置是会话管理网元内的芯片或者芯片系统时，该处理单元可以是处理器，该通信单元可以是通信接口。例如通信接口可以为输入/输出接口、管脚或电路等。该处理单元执行存储单元所存储的指令，以使该会话管理网元实现第一方面或第一方面的任意一种可能的实现方式中描述的一种传输方法。该存储单元可以是该芯片内的存储单元(例如，寄存器、缓存等)，也可以是该会话管理网元内的位于该芯片外部的存储单元(例如，只读存储器、随机存取存储器等)。
第三方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序或指令，当计算机程序或指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如第一方面至第一方面的任意一种可能的实现方式中描述的传输方法。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种包括指令的计算机程序产品，当指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第一方面或第一方面的各种可能的实现方式中描述的一种传输方法。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种传输装置，该传输装置包括处理器和存储介质，存储介质存储有指令，指令被处理器运行时，实现如第一方面或第一方面的各种可能的实现方式描述的传输方法。
第六方面，本申请提供一种芯片或者芯片系统，该芯片或者芯片系统包括至少一个处理器和通信接口，通信接口和至少一个处理器通过线路互联，至少一个处理器用于运行计算机程序或指令，以进行第一方面至第一方面的任一种可能的实现方式中任 一项所描述的参数方法。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供一种传输方法，该传输方法包括：接入设备接收来自会话管理网元的第一指示信息。该第一指示信息用于指示管理接入设备和用户面网元之间的用户面连接。该用户面连接用于传输终端的业务流报文。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一指示信息用于指示在接入设备和用户面网元之间建立至少两个N3隧道作为用户面连接。适用于传输网能力列表信息指示接入设备和用户面网元之间的传输网支持高可靠传输。适用于接入设备和用户面网元均支持GTP-U协议增强。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一指示信息用于指示在接入设备和用户面网元之间建立一个N3隧道作为用户面连接。适用于传输网能力列表信息指示接入设备和用户面网元之间的传输网支持高可靠传输。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一指示信息用于指示拒绝建立用户面连接的指示信息。适用于会话管理网元确定传输网能力列表信息指示传输网不支持高可靠，且接入设备和用户面网元中的任一个或多个不支持GTP-U协议增强。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：接入设备向会话管理网元发送接入网设备的协议能力指示信息。可以适用于接入设备主动向会话管理网元发送的场景，即接入设备接收到来自终端的AS消息后，便可以通过N11消息主动向会话管理网元发送接入网设备的协议能力指示信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，接入设备向会话管理网元发送接入网设备的协议能力指示信息，具体包括：接入设备接收来自会话管理网元的能力获取请求消息。接入设备响应于能力获取请求消息，向会话管理网元发送接入网设备的协议能力指示信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：接入设备接收来自会话管理网元的第一指示。该第一指示用于指示接入设备在GTP-U层复制业务流报文，以及指示用户面网元在GTP-U层对业务流报文进行重复检测；或者，第一指示用于指示用户面网元在GTP-U层复制业务流报文，以及指示接入设备在GTP-U层对业务流报文进行重复检测。
第八方面，本申请实施例提供一种传输装置，该传输装置可以是接入设备，也可以是接入设备内的芯片或者芯片系统。该传输装置可以包括通信单元。当该传输装置是接入设备时，该通信单元可以是通信接口或接口电路。该传输装置还可以包括处理单元和存储单元，该处理单元可以是处理器。该存储单元可以是存储器。该存储单元用于存储指令，该处理单元执行该存储单元所存储的指令，以使该接入设备实现第七方面或第七方面的任意一种可能的实现方式中描述的一种传输方法。
示例性的，以传输装置可以是接入设备为例，通信单元，用于接收来自会话管理网元的第一指示信息。该第一指示信息用于指示管理接入设备和用户面网元之间的用户面连接。该用户面连接用于传输终端的业务流报文。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一指示信息用于指示在接入设备和用户面网元之间建立至少两个N3隧道作为用户面连接。适用于传输网能力列表信息指示接入设备和用户面网元之间的传输网支持高可靠传输。适用于接入设备和用户面网元均支持GTP-U协议增强。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一指示信息用于指示在接入设备和用户面网元之间建立一个N3隧道作为用户面连接。适用于传输网能力列表信息指示接入设备和用户面网元之间的传输网支持高可靠传输。
在一种可能的实现方式中，该第一指示信息用于指示拒绝建立用户面连接的指示信息。适用于会话管理网元确定传输网能力列表信息指示传输网不支持高可靠，且接入设备和用户面网元中的任一个或多个不支持GTP-U协议增强。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：通信单元，还用于向会话管理网元发送接入网设备的协议能力指示信息。可以适用于接入设备主动向会话管理网元发送的场景，即接入设备接收到来自终端的AS消息后，便可以通过N11消息主动向会话管理网元发送接入网设备的协议能力指示信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，通信单元，还用于接收来自会话管理网元的能力获取请求消息。以及响应于能力获取请求消息，向会话管理网元发送接入网设备的协议能力指示信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：接入设备接收来自会话管理网元的第一指示。该第一指示用于指示接入设备在GTP-U层复制业务流报文，以及指示用户面网元在GTP-U层对业务流报文进行重复检测；或者，第一指示用于指示用户面网元在GTP-U层复制业务流报文，以及指示接入设备在GTP-U层对业务流报文进行重复检测。
示例性的，以传输装置可以是接入设备中的芯片或芯片系统为例，该处理单元可以是处理器，该通信单元可以是通信接口。例如通信接口可以为输入/输出接口、管脚或电路等。该处理单元执行存储单元所存储的指令，以使该用户面网元实现第七方面或第七方面的任意一种可能的实现方式中描述的一种传输方法。该存储单元可以是该芯片内的存储单元(例如，寄存器、缓存等)，也可以是该用户面网元内的位于该芯片外部的存储单元(例如，只读存储器、随机存取存储器等)。
第九方面，本申请实施例提供一种计算机可读存储介质，计算机可读存储介质中存储有计算机程序或指令，当计算机程序或指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行如第七方面至第七方面的任意一种可能的实现方式中描述的传输方法。
第十方面，本申请实施例提供一种包括指令的计算机程序产品，当指令在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行第七方面或第七方面的各种可能的实现方式中描述的一种传输方法。
第十一方面，本申请实施例提供一种传输装置，该传输装置包括处理器和存储介质，存储介质存储有指令，指令被处理器运行时，实现如第七方面或第七方面的各种可能的实现方式描述的传输方法。
第十二方面，本申请提供一种芯片或者芯片系统，该芯片或者芯片系统包括至少一个处理器和通信接口，通信接口和至少一个处理器通过线路互联，至少一个处理器用于运行计算机程序或指令，以进行第七方面至第七方面的任一种可能的实现方式中任一项所描述的参数方法。
其中，芯片中的通信接口可以为输入/输出接口、管脚或电路等。
第十三方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信系统，该通信系统包括：第二方面描述 的传输装置、以及第八方面描述的传输装置。可选的，该通信系统还可以包括：终端、用户面网元等。
本申请中第二方面至第十三方面及其各种实现方式的有益效果，可以参考第一方面及其各种实现方式中的有益效果分析，此处不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为一种通信系统的结构示意图；
图2为根据本申请实施例提供的5G网络架构；
图3为根据本申请实施例提供的一种端到端用户面协议栈架构图；
图4为根据本申请实施例提供的一种户面增强协议栈示意图以实现高可靠；
图5为根据本申请实施例提供的一种传输层示意图以实现高可靠；
图6为本申请实施例提供的通信设备的硬件结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种传输方法的流程示意图一；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种传输方法的流程示意图二；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种传输方法的流程示意图三；
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种传输方法的流程示意图四；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种传输方法的流程示意图五；
图12为本申请实施例提供的一种传输方法的流程示意图六；
图13为本申请实施例提供的一种传输方法的流程示意图七；
图14为本申请实施例提供的一种传输方法的流程示意图八；
图15为本申请实施例提供的一种传输方法的流程示意图九；
图16为本申请实施例提供的一种传输方法的流程示意图十；
图17为本申请实施例提供的一种传输方法的流程示意图十一；
图18为本申请实施例提供的一种传输装置的结构示意图；
图19为本申请实施例提供的一种芯片的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了便于清楚描述本申请实施例的技术方案，在本申请的实施例中，采用了“第一”、“第二”等字样对功能和作用基本相同的相同项或相似项进行区分。例如，第一接入设备和第二接入设备仅仅是为了区分不同的接入设备，并不对其先后顺序进行限定。本领域技术人员可以理解“第一”、“第二”等字样并不对数量和执行次序进行限定，并且“第一”、“第二”等字样也并不限定一定不同。
需要说明的是，本申请中，“示例性的”或者“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请中被描述为“示例性的”或者“例如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其他实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言，使用“示例性的”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念。
本申请中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B的情况，其中A，B可以是单数或者复数。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达，是指的这些项中的任意组合，包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如， a，b，或c中的至少一项(个)，可以表示：a，b，c，a-b，a-c，b-c，或a-b-c，其中a，b，c可以是单个，也可以是多个。
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
如图1所示，图1示出了本申请实施例提供的一种通信系统的结构示意图。该通信系统包括：会话管理网元10、至少一个接入设备20、以及至少一个用户面网元30。
其中，会话管理网元10和用户面网元30属于核心网中的网元。接入设备20属于接入网中的网元。接入网可以用于实现无线接入有关的功能。
在一种可选的实现中，该通信系统还可以包括至少一个终端40。该至少一个终端40通过无线方式与接入设备20连接，以接入核心网。
对于该通信系统而言，用户面网元30、会话管理网元10、至少一个终端40以及至少一个接入设备20所执行的具体步骤可以参考下述实施例中的描述，此处不再赘述。应理解，本申请实施例中通信系统以及传输方法可以相互引用。
至少一个终端的40的用户面数据发送至各自接入的接入设备20，再利用接入设备20与用户面网元30之间的用户面连接将用户面数据传输至用户面网元30，最后由用户面网元30将用户面数据发送至网络。当然，用户面网元30还可以从网络获取发送给终端的用户面数据，然后利用其与接入设备20之间的用户面连接，将该终端的用户面数据发送给接入设备20，最后由接入设备20将用户面数据传输至目标终端。
本申请实施例中用户面数据也可以称为业务流报文。
示例性的，本申请实施例中的接入设备20可以为4G网络中的接入设备。例如，演进型基站(evolved NodeB，eNB)。此时，核心网可以为4G核心网(例如，核心分组网演进(Evolved Packet Core，EPC)。
再一种示例，本申请实施例中的接入设备20可以为5G网络中的接入设备。例如下一代节点B(The Next Generation Node B，gNB)。此时，核心网可以为5G核心网(5G Core，5GC)。
示例性的，接入设备为为终端提供无线接入的设备。它可以是无线接入网(例如，下一代无线接入网(Next Generation Radio Access Network，NG RAN))，有线接入网/固网接入网(Wireline 5G Access Network，W-5GAN)，例如，接入网关功能(Access Gateway Function，AGF)或网络网关控制设备(Broadband network gateway，BNG)，WiFi AP、WiMAX BS等。
在一种可选的实现方式中，该通信系统还可以包括：移动管理网元、策略网元等。在4G网络中，会话管理网元10可以为移动管理实体(Mobility Management Entity，MME)。用户面网元可以为服务网关(Serving GateWay，SGW)和/或PDN网关(PDN GateWay，PGW)。策略网元可以为策略与计费规则功能单元(Policy and Charging Rules Function，PCRF)。也就是说，4G中，MME既具有会话管理功能，又具有移动管理功能。
在5G网络中，如图2所示，会话管理网元10可以为会话管理功能(Session Management Function，SMF)网元106。用户面网元30可以为用户面功能(User plane function，UPF)网元103。接入设备可以为无线接入设备(Radio Access Network，RAN)102。移动管理网元可以为接入和移动管理(Access and Mobility Management Function， AMF)网元105、策略网元可以为策略控制网元(Policy Control Function)107。
此外，如图2所示，该5G网络架构中还可以包括：应用功能(application function，AF)、以及统一数据管理网元(Unified Data Management，UDM)108以及数据网络(data network，DN)104。另外，在一种可能的实现中，该5G网络架构中还可以包括：网络仓库贮存功能(network repository function，NRF)网元，该NRF网元没有体现在架构图中，该NRF网元主要用于网元的发现。
其中，终端通过下一代网络(Next generation，N1)接口(简称N1)与AMF网元通信。接入设备通过N2接口(简称N2)与AMF网元通信。接入设备通过N3接口(简称N3)与UPF网元通信。UPF网元通过N6接口(简称N6)与DN通信。任意两个UPF网元之间通过N9接口(简称N9)通信。UPF网元通过N4接口(简称N4)与SMF网元通信。AMF网元通过N11接口(简称N11)与SMF网元通信。AMF网元通过N8接口(简称N8)与UDM网元通信。SMF网元通过N7接口(简称N7)与PCF网元通信。SMF网元通过N10接口(简称N10)与UDM网元通信。
应理解，如图2所示的网络架构中，控制面网元也可以采用服务化接口进行交互。例如，AMF网元、SMF网元、UDM网元、或者PCF网元采用服务化接口进行交互。比如，AMF网元对外提供的服务化接口可以为Namf。SMF网元对外提供的服务化接口可以为Nsmf。UDM网元对外提供的服务化接口可以为Nudm。PCF网元对外提供的服务化接口可以为Npcf。应理解，图3中各种服务化接口的名称的相关描述可以参考23501标准中的5G系统架构(5G system architecture)图，在此不予赘述。
需要说明的是，图2仅是示例性的给出一个UPF网元、SMF网元。当然，该中可能包括多个UPF网元、SMF网元，如包括SMF网元1和SMF网元2，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
需要说明的是，图2的接入设备、AMF网元、SMF网元、UDM网元、UPF网元和PCF网元等仅是一个名字，名字对设备本身不构成限定。在5G网络以及未来其它的网络中，接入设备、AMF网元、SMF网元、UDM网元、UPF网元和PCF网元所对应的网元也可以是其他的名字，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。例如，该UDM网元还有可能被替换为用户归属服务器(home subscriber server，HSS)或者用户签约数据库(user subscription database，USD)或者数据库实体，等等，在此进行统一说明，后续不再赘述。
RAN102为终端提供无线接入的设备，包括但不限于eNodeB、WiFi AP、WiMAX BS等。
AMF网元105主要负责移动网络中的移动性管理，如用户位置更新、用户注册网络、用户切换等。
SMF网元106主要负责移动网络中的会话管理，如会话建立、修改、释放。具体功能如为用户分配IP地址、选择提供报文转发功能的UPF等。
PCF网元107负责向AMF网元105、SMF网元106提供策略，如服务质量QoS策略、切片选择策略等。
UDM网元108用于存储用户数据，如签约信息、鉴权/授权信息。
UPF主要负责对用户报文进行处理，如转发、计费等。
DN指的是为用户提供数据传输服务的运营商网络，如IMS(IP Multi-media Service,IP多媒体业务)、Internet等。
终端通过建立UE到RAN到UPF网元到数据网络(Data Network，DN)之间的会话(PDU session)，来访问DN。
如图3所示，图3示出了本申请实施例提供的一种终端和用户面网元之间的用户面协议栈架构图。如图3所示，对于终端而言，终端由上之下依次可以包括如下协议层：应用(Application)层、PDU层、业务数据应用协议(service data adaptation protocol，SDAP)层、分组数据汇聚协议(Packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)层、无线链路控制(radio link control，RLC)层、媒体接入控制(media access control，MAC)层、L1层。对于接入设备而言，该接入设备可以包括与终端对等的第一协议栈以及与UPF网元对等的第二协议栈。其中，第一协议栈由上之下依次包括：与终端的SDAP层对等的SDAP层、与终端的PDCP层对等的PDCP层、与终端的RLC层对等的RLC层、与终端的MAC层对等的MAC层以及与终端的L1层对等的L1层。第二协议栈包括：通用分组无线服务隧道协议用户面(general packet radio service tunneling protocol user plane，GTP-U)层、UDP层/网络互连协议(internet protocol，IP)层、L2层(layer 2)以及L1层(layer1)。UPF网元的协议栈由上至下依次包括：与终端对等的PDU层、与RAN对等的GTP-U层、与RAN对等的UDP/IP层、与RAN对等的L2层以及L1层。
其中，GTP-U层是基于UDP层/IP层的一种隧道封装协议，用于在无线接入网(例如，AN)和核心网(例如，UPF网元)之间传送业务流报文。
RAN与UPF网元之间通过建立隧道的方式，实现业务流报文传输，这个隧道称为：N3隧道。RAN与UPF网元之间通过多个交换机或路由器相连，这些交换机/路由器用于转发RAN和UPF网元之间的报文。
对于高可靠性存在要求的业务(例如，URLLC业务)，有两种方式可以用于实现用户面数据的高可靠传输：
第一种方式，采用在GTP-U层进行冗余传输。如图4所示，当终端接入的接入设备和用户面网元均支持GTP-U协议增强时，可以在终端接入的RAN与UPF之间建立冗余N3隧道。也即在同一个RAN和同一个UPF之间建立至少两个N3隧道。例如，如图4所示的N3隧道(tunnel)1以及N3隧道2。对于上行方向，即终端向核心网发送用户面数据的过程。RAN接收到来自终端的上行用户面数据时，可以对该上行用户面数据在GTP-U层进行复制，得到上行用户面数据1和上行用户面数据2。其中，上行用户面数据1和上行用户面数据2为对上行用户面数据复制得到相同的用户面数据。RAN利用N3隧道1向UPF网元传输上行用户面数据1，利用N3隧道2向UPF网元传输上行用户面数据2。UPF网元接收到上行用户面数据1和上行用户面数据2之后，可以在GTP-U层对上行用户面数据1和上行用户面数据2进行重复检测。进而实现用户面数据的高可靠传输。对于下行方向(即核心网向终端发送用户面数据的过程)，由UPF网元对下行用户面数据在GTP-U层进行复制，并通过相互独立N3隧道1和N3隧道2将复制的下行用户面数据分别传输至RAN。RAN对来自N3隧道1和N3隧道2的下行用户面数据进行去重。应理解，N3隧道1和N3隧道2为传输业务流报 文的不同路径，也即上行用户面数据1和上行用户面数据2经过不同的交换机/路由器传输至UPF网元。
根据上述描述可知，第一种方式要求RAN和UPF网元在GTP-U协议层对用户面数据进行复制、去重。换句话说，第一种方式要求RAN和UPF网元支持GTP-U增强协议。
第二种方式，利用传输层冗余传输实现高可靠传输。如图5所示，RAN和UPF网元支持复制协议(replication protocol，RP)功能，也就是说，RAN和UPF网元上具有复制功能。需要注意的是，该复制功能可以作为一个单独的实体，独立于RAN、UPF网元。例如，RP可以位于与RAN/UPF网元相连的交换机/路由器上。该复制功能在传输层对报文进行复制和去重，从而实现用户面数据的冗余传输。
举例说明，以RP功能位于RAN和UPF网元上为例，对用户面传输进行说明。对于上行方向，RAN的RP功能对从终端处接收到的上行用户面数据在传输层进行复制，得到上行用户面数据1和上行用户面数据2。然后RAN将上行用户面数据1和上行用户面数据2分别通过独立的传输路径传输至UPF网元，即RAN将上行用户面数据1通过传输路径1传输至UPF，将上行用户面数据2传输至UPF网元。UPF网元接收到上行用户面数据1和上行用户面数据2之后，对其进行去重。对于下行方向，UPF的RP功能对接收到的下行用户面数据在传输层进行复制，得到下行用户面数据1和下行用户面数据2。然后UPF网元将下行用户面数据和下行用户面数据2通过独立的传输路径发送给RAN。RAN对接收到的下行用户面数据1和下行用户面数据2进行去重。其中传输层指的是协议栈中的层2协议层，具体可以是MAC层。传输路径指的是RAN与UPF网元之间的路由器或交换机连接起来的路径，传输路径1和传输路径2相互独立。
根据上述描述可知，第二种方式要求RP在传输层对用户面数据进行复制、去重。换句话说，第二种方式要求RAN和UPF网元之间的传输网支持高可靠传输。如果RAN或UPF网元选择采用图4所示的方案传输用户面数据时，但是RAN或UPF网元不支持GTP-U增强协议。或者如果RAN或UPF网元采用如图5所示的方案传输用户面数据时，但是传输网不支持高可靠传输。那么，该高可靠方式就是无效方案，也就是说，用户面数据传输并没有得到高可靠保证。
对于上述两种高可靠方案，目前没有解决方案描述如何为URLLC业务选择合适的高可靠方案。如果SMF网元随机选择其中一种高可靠方案进行用户面数据传输，可能出现无法保证业务高可靠传输的现象，从而导致了用户业务体验下降。例如，SMF网元采用图4所示的高可靠方案传输用户面数据，但是RAN或UPF网元不支持GTP-U增强协议，或者SMF网元采用如图5所示的高可靠方案传输用户面数据，但是传输网不支持高可靠传输，那么，SMF网元所选择的高可靠方案无法正常执行，也就是说，该高可靠方案是无效方案，从而该URLLC业务的用户面数据传输并没有得到高可靠保证。
为此，本申请实施例提供一种传输方法，用于实现接入设备与用户面网元之间的用户面连接管理。会话管理网元获取传输网能力列表信息，并根据传输网能力列表信息确定传输网是否支持高可靠传输，以此管理接入设备与用户面网元之间的用户面连 接。例如，如果传输网支持高可靠传输，则选择如图5所示的方案传输用户面数据。
如图6所示，图6所示为本申请实施例提供的通信设备的硬件结构示意图。本申请实施例中的终端、会话管理网元、用户面网元的硬件结构均可以参考如图6所示的通信设备的硬件结构示意图。该通信设备包括处理器41，通信线路44以及至少一个通信接口(图6中仅是示例性的以包括通信接口43为例进行说明)。
处理器41可以是一个通用中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，微处理器，特定应用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，或一个或多个用于控制本申请方案程序执行的集成电路。
通信线路44可包括一通路，在上述组件之间传送信息。
通信接口43，使用任何收发器一类的装置，用于与其他设备或通信网络通信，如以太网，无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)，无线局域网(wireless local area networks，WLAN)等。
可选的，该通信设备还可以包括存储器42。
存储器42可以是只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)或可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)或者可存储信息和指令的其他类型的动态存储设备，也可以是电可擦可编程只读存储器(electrically erasable programmable read-only memory，EEPROM)、只读光盘(compact disc read-only memory，CD-ROM)或其他光盘存储、光碟存储(包括压缩光碟、激光碟、光碟、数字通用光碟、蓝光光碟等)、磁盘存储介质或者其他磁存储设备、或者能够用于携带或存储具有指令或数据结构形式的期望的程序代码并能够由计算机存取的任何其他介质，但不限于此。存储器可以是独立存在，通过通信线路44与处理器相连接。存储器也可以和处理器集成在一起。
其中，存储器42用于存储执行本申请方案的计算机执行指令，并由处理器41来控制执行。处理器41用于执行存储器42中存储的计算机执行指令，从而实现本申请下述实施例提供的策略控制方法。
可选的，本申请实施例中的计算机执行指令也可以称之为应用程序代码，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，处理器41可以包括一个或多个CPU，例如图6中的CPU0和CPU1。
在具体实现中，作为一种实施例，通信设备可以包括多个处理器，例如图6中的处理器41和处理器45。这些处理器中的每一个可以是一个单核(single-CPU)处理器，也可以是一个多核(multi-CPU)处理器。这里的处理器可以指一个或多个设备、电路、和/或用于处理数据(例如计算机程序指令)的处理核。
下面将结合图1至图6对本申请实施例提供的会话管理方法进行具体阐述。
需要说明的是，本申请下述实施例中各个网元之间的消息名字或消息中各参数的名字等只是一个示例，具体实现中也可以是其他的名字，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
如图7所示，本申请实施例提供一种传输方法，该传输方法包括：
步骤101、会话管理网元获取传输网能力列表信息。其中，传输网能力列表信息 用于指示传输网是否支持高可靠。传输网为接入设备与用户面网元之间的网络。
示例性的，该传输网可以为至少一个接入设备中每个接入网设备与至少一个用户面网元之间的网络。不同的接入设备可以对应同一个用户面网元，也即一个用户面网元可以与多个接入设备连接。一个接入设备也可以接入多个用户面网元。该至少一个接入设备与至少一个用户面网元均位于会话管理网元的服务范围。
示例性的，该传输网可以包括接入设备1与用户面网元1之间的网络、接入设备1与用户面网元2之间的网络、接入设备2与用户面网元1之间的网络。如下表1所示：
表1传输网
传输网1 接入设备1与用户面网元1之间的传输网
传输网2 接入设备1与用户面网元2之间的传输网
传输网3 接入设备2与用户面网元1之间的传输网
步骤102、会话管理网元根据传输网能力列表信息，管理终端在接入设备与用户面网元之间的用户面连接。其中，用户面连接用于传输终端的业务流报文。
本申请实施例中的管理用户面连接可以指建立用户面连接、或拒绝建立用户面连接。
本申请实施例提供一种传输方法，由于现有技术中并不确定如何管理终端在接入设备与用户面网元之间的用户面连接，该方法中通过会话管理网元获取传输网能力列表信息，由于传输网能力列表信息用于指示传输网是否支持高可靠，传输网为接入设备与用户面网元之间的网络，因此，便于会话管理网元确定传输网是否支持高可靠，进而决定如何管理用户面连接。便于终端的业务流报文可以可靠传输。
一种示例，当传输网能力列表信息用于指示终端所接入的接入设备(例如，如表1所示的接入设备1)与会话管理网元为终端在会话管理过程中所选择的用户面网元(例如，用户面网元1)之间的传输网是否支持高可靠传输时，在一种可能的实施例中，如图8所示，本申请实施例提供的方法在步骤102之前，本申请实施例提供的还包括：
步骤103、会话管理网元获取接入设备的协议能力指示信息以及用户面网元的协议能力指示信息。其中，接入设备的协议能力指示信息用于指示接入设备是否支持通用分组无线服务技术隧道协议—用户面GTP-U协议增强，用户面网元的协议能力指示信息用于指示用户面网元是否支持GTP-U协议增强。
应理解，一方面无论终端所接入的接入设备与用户面网元之间的传输网是否支持高可靠性传输，会话管理网元均可以执行步骤103。另一方面，在一种可能的实施例中，如果会话管理网元确定传输网能力列表信息用于指示终端所接入的接入设备与会话管理网元为终端在会话管理过程中所选择的用户面网元之间的传输网不支持高可靠传输时，可以执行步骤103。需要说明的是，当会话管理网元无需判断传输网是否支持高可靠传输的情况下，步骤101和步骤103可以一起执行或者，步骤103位于步骤101之前，也即本申请实施例对步骤101和步骤103的先后顺序不作限定。
示例性的，本申请实施例中会话管理网元获取接入设备的协议能力指示信息的方式可以包括：
方式1、会话管理网元接收来自移动管理网元的接入设备的协议能力指示信息。
示例1)、接入设备主动发送
示例性的，如图9所示，在第一种可能的实现方式中，步骤103可以通过以下方式具体实现：
步骤1030、终端向接入设备发送AS消息，以使得接入设备接收来自终端的AS消息。该AS消息中携带NAS消息。其中，NAS消息中包括：会话的标识、数据网络名称DNN、S-NSSAI、会话建立请求消息。具体的，终端可以确定需要执行会话建立流程时，执行步骤1030。
步骤1031、接入设备向移动管理网元发送N2消息。其中，N2消息中携带接入设备的协议能力指示信息、步骤1030中的NAS消息、终端的位置信息等。其中，终端的位置信息可以由接入设备的标识表示。
步骤1032、移动管理网元向会话管理网元发送N11消息。该N11消息中携带接入设备的协议能力指示信息以及终端的位置信息。
由此，会话管理网元便可以从移动管理网元处获取接入设备的协议能力指示信息。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中还适用于会话修改流程，即在会话修改流程中，会话管理网元获取接入设备的协议能力指示信息。当适用于会话修改流程时，步骤1031中的NAS消息中的会话建立请求消息可以由会话修改请求消息替换。
示例2)、会话管理网元触发接入设备的协议能力获取过程
如图9所示，在第二种可能的实现方式中，步骤103可以通过以下方式具体实现：
步骤1033-步骤1035同步骤1030-步骤1032类似，具体可以参考步骤1030-步骤1032处的描述，不同之处在于：步骤1034和步骤1035中不携带接入设备的协议能力指示信息。
步骤1036、会话管理网元根据接收到的N11消息、本地策略或者来自PCF的PCC rules确定为终端的业务流激活高可靠传输。
步骤1037、会话管理网元向接入设备发送能力获取请求消息。能力获取请求消息用于请求接入设备的协议能力指示信息。
步骤1038、接入设备通过移动管理网元接收来自会话管理网元的能力获取请求消息。
步骤1039、接入设备向会话管理网元发送该接入设备的协议能力指示信息。
具体的，接入设备响应于能力获取请求消息，通过移动管理网元向会话管理网元发送能力获取响应消息。该能力获取响应消息中携带接入设备的协议能力指示信息。
由此，会话管理网元便可以从接入设备处获取该接入设备的协议能力指示信息。
应理解，方式2以会话建立流程为例进行说明，当适用于会话修改流程时，步骤1033中的NAS消息中的会话建立请求消息可以由会话修改请求消息替换。
示例1)与示例2)的区别在于：示例1)中，接入设备主动上报协议能力指示信息；在示例2)中，当会话管理网元确定需要为业务流报文激活可靠传输时，接入设备才上报协议能力指示信息。示例1)中接入设备主动上报的接入设备协议能力指示信息，可能对会话管理网元来说是一个无用信息。例如，当会话管理网元确定采用传输层实现业务流报文的高可靠传输时，即会话管理网元不需要激活N3冗余隧道传输 时，会话管理网元可以无须获取接入设备的协议能力指示信息。
示例3)、移动管理网元在N2设备连接建立过程中获取接入设备协议能力指示信息，并发送至会话管理网元
本示例3)中，如图10所示，会话管理网元获取接入设备的协议能力指示信息包含两个部分：第一部分：移动管理网元获取接入设备协议能力指示信息。第二部分：移动管理网元将接入设备协议能力指示信息发送至会话管理网元。
对于第一部分，如图10所示，在步骤103之前，本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：
步骤201)、接入设备向移动管理网元发送N2连接建立请求，以使得移动管理网元接收来自接入设备的N2连接建立请求。其中，N2连接建立请求中携带接入设备协议能力指示信息。
步骤202)、移动管理网元接收接入设备协议能力指示信息，并保存接入设备协议能力指示信息和相应的接入设备标识。例如，移动管理网元存储接入设备1的标识以及接入设备1支持GTP-U协议增强。
对于第二部分，以会话建立流程为例，如图10所示，该方法还包括：
步骤203)、终端向接入设备发送AS消息。该AS消息中携带NAS消息。其中，NAS消息中携带会话的标识、会话建立请求消息、DNN、S-NSSAI。
步骤204)、接入设备向移动管理网元发送N2消息。N2消息中携带步骤203)中的NAS消息、终端的位置信息等。
步骤205)、移动管理网元根据N2消息，确定接入设备标识。并根据保存的接入设备协议能力指示信息和接入设备标识的对应关系，确定终端接入的接入设备的协议能力指示信息。
步骤206)、移动管理网元向会话管理网元发送N11消息，携带步骤205)中的接入设备的协议能力指示信息和NAS消息等。
由此，本申请实施例中的步骤103可以通过以下方式实现：会话管理网元接收来自移动管理网元的N11消息，并从N11消息中获取到了终端接入的接入设备的协议能力指示信息。
需要说明的是，与示例2)类似，移动管理网元也可以在接收到会话管理网元发送的协议能力获取请求之后，再向会话管理网元发送接入设备的协议能力指示信息。如图11所示，具体的改动如下：
步骤206)中的N11消息不携带接入设备的协议能力指示信息。也即在步骤206之后，还可以执行上述步骤207-步骤210。具体的，步骤207-步骤210的具体实现过程可以参考步骤1036-步骤1039的具体实现过程，此处不再赘述。
示例4)、会话管理网元从用户面网元获取接入设备的协议能力指示信息。
本示例4)具有两种示例，描述分别如下：
示例4-1、会话管理网元通过网元发现过程获取接入设备协议能力
本申请实施例中会话管理网元通过网元发现过程获取接入设备协议能力指示信息的过程可以参考如图12所示：应理解，图12仅列出了会话管理网元获取接入设备协议能力指示信息的过程。该图12可以和上述实施例结合使用。
步骤301)、会话管理网元向NRF发送订阅请求。其中，订阅请求中携带目标用 户面网元供应信息。
步骤302)、NRF向会话管理网元发送订阅通知。该订阅通知中携带用户面网元列表。该用户网元列表中的用户面网元满足步骤301)中目标用户面网元供应信息的条件。
当OAM实例化或部署一个新的用户面网元时，OAM可以将用户面网元供应信息配置在NRF或者新的用户面网元上。
当OAM可将用户面网元供应信息配置在新的用户面网元上时，执行如下步骤：
步骤303)、新的用户面网元向NRF发送注册请求，携带用户面网元的供应信息。其中，注册请求还携带与该用户面网元相连的接入设备的协议能力指示信息。进一步地，注册请求还携带该用户面网元的协议能力指示信息。
当OAM可将用户面网元供应信息配置在NRF上时，步骤303)不需要执行。
步骤304)、NRF向会话管理网元发送通知消息。该通知消息中携带符合步骤301)中目标用户面网元供应信息的用户面网元列表。
由此，会话管理网元保存了接入设备的协议能力指示信息和用户面网元的协议能力指示信息。在后续的会话管理流程中，本申请实施例中的步骤103具体可以通过以下方式实现：会话管理网元确定终端接入的接入设备标识，根据本示例中会话管理网元保存的接入设备的协议能力指示信息，可以确定终端接入设备的协议能力指示信息。进一步地，会话管理网元在选择用户面网元之后，根据本示例4-1)中会话管理网元保存的用户面网元的协议能力，可以确定为终端提供业务流报文转发服务的用户面网元的协议能力指示信息。
示例4-2、会话管理网元通过N4设备连接建立过程获取接入设备协议能力指示信息
本申请实施例中会话管理网元通过N4设备连接建立过程获取接入设备协议能力指示信息的过程可以参考如图13所示：应理解，图13仅列出了会话管理网元获取接入设备协议能力指示信息的过程。该图13可以和上述实施例结合使用。
步骤401、用户面网元上具有配置信息。该配置信息中包括该用户面网元的协议能力指示信息和与之相连的至少一个接入设备的协议能力指示信息。
步骤402、会话管理网元向用户面网元发送N4连接建立请求(例如，N4Association Setup Request)。该N4连接建立会话管理网元与用户面网元之间的N4设备连接。
步骤403、用户面网元向会话管理网元发送N4连接建立响应。其中，N4连接建立响应携带步骤401中的用户面网元的协议能力指示信息、与之相连的至少一个接入设备的协议能力指示信息。
由此，会话管理网元可以在与用户面网元之间建立N4设备连接的过程中，从用户面网元处获取该用户面网元的协议能力指示信息以及与之相连的接入设备的协议能力指示信息。在后续的会话管理流程中，会话管理网元确定终端接入的接入设备标识，根据本示例中会话管理网元保存的接入设备的协议能力指示信息，可以确定终端接入设备的协议能力指示信息。进一步地，会话管理网元在选择用户面网元之后，根据本示例中会话管理网元保存的用户面网元的协议能力，可以确定为终端提供业务流报文转发服务的用户面网元的协议能力指示信息。
本申请实施例中会话管理网元获取用户面网元的协议能力指示信息，包括：会话管理网元从用户面网元处获取用户面网元的协议能力指示信息。或者，会话管理网元从网络仓库贮存功能NRF处获取用户面网元的协议能力指示信息。
具体的过程可以参考上述示例3和示例4中的描述，此处不再赘述。
接入设备向移动管理网元发送NG建立请求，该NG建立请求中携带接入设备的协议能力指示信息。移动管理网元根据NG建立请求保存接入设备的标识与接入设备的协议能力之间的映射关系。移动管理网元向接入设备发送NG建立响应。
在会话管理过程中，移动管理网元根据终端的位置信息确定终端接入的接入设备。然后移动管理网元根据保存的接入设备的标识与接入设备的协议能力之间的映射关系，确定接入设备的协议能力指示信息。然后执行上述步骤403。
示例3)、会话管理网元触发
在会话管理过程中，会话管理网元根据本地策略或者来自PCF的PCC rules确定需要为某业务流报文激活高可靠传输时，会话管理网元通过移动管理网元向接入设备发送用于获取能力获取请求消息。接入设备响应于能力获取请求消息，通过移动管理网元向会话管理网元发送能力获取响应消息。该能力获取响应消息中携带接入设备的协议能力指示信息。
方式2与方式1的区别在于：方式1中，接入设备主动上报协议能力指示信息。在方式2中，当会话管理网元确定需要为业务流报文激活可靠传输时，接入设备才上报协议能力指示信息。方式1中接入设备主动上报的接入设备协议能力指示信息，可能对会话管理网元来说是一个无用信息。例如，当会话管理网元确定不需要激活冗余传输时，会话管理网元可以无须获取接入设备的协议能力指示信息。
方式3、会话管理网元从用户面网元处获取接入设备的协议能力指示信息。
具体过程如下：步骤a1)、会话管理网元向NRF发送订阅请求。其中，订阅请求中携带目标用户面网元provisioning信息。
步骤b1)、NRF向会话管理网元发送订阅通知。该订阅通知中携带用户面网元列表。该用户网元列表中的用户面网元满足步骤a1)中目标用户面网元provisioning信息的条件。
步骤c1)、OAM或者用户面网元布置新的用户面网元实例。用户面网元或者OAM配置用户面网元。
步骤d1)、OAM或用户面网元将用户面网元的配置信息发送给NRF。此时，OAM或用户面网元还可以向NRF发送接入设备的协议能力指示信息和用户面网元的协议能力指示信息。步骤e1)、NRF向会话管理网元发送通知消息。该通知消息中携带符合目标用户面网元provisioning信息的用户面列表。
方式4、N3配置方式
用户面网元上具有配置信息。该配置信息中包括该用户面网元的协议能力指示信息和至少一个接入设备的协议能力指示信息。会话管理网元向用户面网元发送N4连接建立请求。该N4连接建立请求用于请求该用户面网元的协议能力指示信息以及终端接入的接入设备的协议能力指示信息。用户面网元向会话管理网元发送N4连接建立响应。该N4连接建立响应中携带有该用户面网元的协议能力指示信息以及终端接 入的接入设备的协议能力指示信息。这样会话管理网元便可以在与用户面网元之间建立N4连接的过程中，从用户面网元处获取该用户面网元的协议能力指示信息以及终端接入的接入设备的协议能力指示信息。
本申请实施例中会话管理网元获取用户面网元的协议能力指示信息，包括：会话管理网元从用户面网元处获取用户面网元的协议能力指示信息；或者，会话管理网元从网络仓库贮存功能NRF处获取用户面网元的协议能力指示信息。
具体的过程可以参考上述方式4和方式3中的描述，此处不再赘述。
应理解，无论会话管理网元通过哪种方式获取接入设备的协议能力指示信息以及用户面网元的协议能力指示信息，在会话管理网元获取到接入设备的协议能力指示信息以及用户面网元的协议能力指示信息之后，本申请实施例中的步骤102可以通过以下方式实现：
相应的，如图9-图11中任一个所示，本申请实施例中的步骤102可以通过以下方式实现：
步骤1021、会话管理网元根据接入设备的协议能力指示信息、用户面网元的协议能力指示信息以及传输网能力列表信息，管理用户面连接。
在一种可能的实现方式中，步骤1021可以通过以下方式实现：当接入设备和用户面网元均支持GTP-U协议增强时，会话管理网元在接入设备与用户面网元之间建立至少两个N3隧道作为用户面连接。
也即如果接入设备的协议能力指示信息指示接入设备支持GTP-U协议增强(也可以表示为GTP-U+)，且用户面网元的协议能力指示信息指示用户面支持GTP-U协议增强时，会话管理网元可以确定采用在GTP-U层进行冗余传输。即如图4所示的方案。
也即当接入设备和用户面网元均支持GTP-U协议增强时，无论接入设备和用户面网元之间的传输网是否支持高可靠传输，会话管理网元都可以确定采用在GTP-U层进行冗余传输。
在另一种可能的实现方式中，步骤1021可以通过以下方式实现：当传输网支持高可靠传输时，会话管理网元在接入设备与用户面网元之间建立一个N3隧道作为用户面连接。
也即当传输网支持高可靠传输，无论接入设备与用户面网元是否支持GTP-U协议增强，均可以采用如图5所示的在传输层进行冗余传输的方案。
在又一种可能的实现方式中，步骤1021可以通过以下方式实现：当传输网支持高可靠传输，且接入设备和用户面网元均支持GTP-U协议增强时，会话管理网元根据策略信息，确定在接入设备与用户面网元之间建立至少两个N3隧道或者一个N3隧道作为用户面连接。
也即如果传输网支持高可靠传输，且接入设备和用户面网元均支持GTP-U协议增强，则会话管理网元可以根据策略信息，确定到底采用如图4所示的方案还是图5所示的方案。
例如，该策略信息可以预先存储在会话管理网元中，该策略信息也可以由会话管理网元从其他网元(例如，PCF网元)处获取，本申请实施例对此不做限定。
例如，策略信息可以为在传输层进行冗余传输的优先级和在GTP-U层进行冗余传 输的优先级。例如，如果在传输层进行冗余传输的优先级高于在GTP-U层进行冗余传输的优先级时，当传输网支持高可靠传输，即使接入设备和用户面网元均支持GTP-U协议增强时，会话管理网元依然确定在接入设备与用户面网元之间建立一个N3隧道作为用户面连接。即由接入设备和用户面网元在传输层进行冗余传输，实现业务流报文的可靠性传输。
需要说明的是，如果传输网能力列表指示信息指示传输网不支持高可靠传输，接入设备或用户面网元中不支持GTP-U协议增强时，会话管理网元可以确定拒绝建立用户面连接。换句话说，会话管理网元拒绝会话管理。
下述如表2所示，表2示出了不同情况下会话管理网元所选择的高可靠传输方案。
表2高可靠传输方案
Figure PCTCN2019101054-appb-000001
另一种示例，当传输网能力列表信息用于指示至少一个接入设备中每个接入设备与至少一个用户面网元之间的传输网是否支持高可靠传输时，如图14所示，在步骤102之前，本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：
步骤104、会话管理网元获取终端的位置信息。
具体的，在终端发起会话管理过程中，会话管理网元可以从移动管理网元处获取终端的位置信息。该终端的位置信息用于确定至少一个接入设备中该终端的接入设备。示例性的，该终端的位置信息可以由接入设备的标识来表示。
步骤105、会话管理网元根据终端的位置信息、以及传输网能力列表信息，在传输网列表信息中选择支持传输网高可靠的用户面网元。应理解，步骤105中所选择的用户面网元用于建立N3隧道。
应理解，通过执行步骤104和步骤105，步骤102可以通过以下方式实现：会话管理网元确定在终端接入的接入设备和支持传输网高可靠的用户面网元之间建立一个 N3隧道，作为用户面连接。
具体的，会话管理网元根据终端的位置信息确定为终端提供接入服务的接入设备，并根据传输网能力列表信息，确定与接入设备关联的至少一个传输网。然后从该至少一个传输网中确定一个支持高可靠的传输网。然后将该支持高可靠的传输网中所对应的用户面网元确定为用于建立N3隧道的用户面网元。需要说明的是，如果会话管理网元根据终端的位置信息，确定存在多个与接入设备关联的传输网。如果多个传输网均支持高可靠传输，则会话管理网元可以从多个传输网中任选择一个传输网中的用户面网元确定为用于建立N3隧道的用户面网元。当然，如果多个传输网中每个传输网都均有一个优先级，则会话管理网元可以将优先级高的传输网中的用户面网元作为用于建立N3隧道的用户面网元。
应理解，此时步骤102可以提供如下方式实现：会话管理网元在接入设备与用户面网元之间建立一个N3隧道作为用户面连接。
示例性的，如表3所示，表3示意了一种传输网能力列表信息。
表3一种传输网能力列表信息
传输网-1(RAN1，UPF1) 支持高可靠
传输网-2(RAN2，UPF1) 支持高可靠
传输网-3(RAN1，UPF2) 不支持高可靠
具体的，会话管理网元根据终端的位置信息，确定终端当前接入的基站为RAN1。会话管理网元再根据如表2所示的传输网能力列表信息，得到与RAN1相关的传输网包括传输网-1、传输网-3，其中，传输网-1支持高可靠传输，传输网-3不支持高可靠。那么，会话管理网元可以确定选择传输网-1中的UPF1作为用于建立N3隧道的用户面网元。
步骤104和步骤105主要描述了，在传输网支持高可靠传输时，可以选择支持高可靠的传输网中的用户面网元的情况，但是在实际过程中有可能存在传输网不支持高可靠传输，因此，在另一种可选的实施例中，如图15所示，本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：
步骤106、会话管理网元获取接入设备的协议能力指示信息。
应理解，步骤106和步骤107中涉及到的接入设备均指终端接入的接入设备。
具体的，步骤106的具体实现方式可以参考上述实施例中会话管理网元获取接入设备的协议能力指示信息的过程，此处不再赘述。
步骤107、会话管理网元根据接入设备的协议能力指示信息以及传输网能力列表信息，确定用户面网元。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例中的步骤107可以通过以下方式具体实现：当传输网能力列表信息指示不存在支持传输网高可靠的用户面网元，且接入设备支持GTP-U协议增强时，会话管理网元确定支持GTP-U协议增强的用户面网元为用户面网元。应理解，步骤106和步骤107中会话管理网元最终选择的用户面网元之间建立至少两个N3隧道。
具体的，会话管理网元根据终端的位置信息、从传输网能力列表信息中确定与接入设备关联的至少一个传输网。如果会话管理网元确定至少一个传输网中不存在支持 高可靠的传输网。则在接入设备支持GTP-U协议增强的情况下，会话管理网元可以选择支持GTP-U协议增强的用户面网元为用户面网元。
需要说明的是，如果会话管理网元确定至少一个传输网中不存在支持高可靠的传输网，接入设备支持GTP-U协议增强的情况下，不存在支持GTP-U协议增强的用户面网元，则会话管理网元也可以拒绝建立用户面连接。
示例性的，如表4所示，表4示意了一种传输网能力列表信息。
表4传输网能力列表信息
传输网-1(RAN1，UPF网元1) 不支持高可靠
传输网-2(RAN2，UPF网元1) 支持高可靠
传输网-3(RAN1，UPF网元2) 不支持高可靠
举例说明，在表4中，传输网-1和传输网-3都不支持高可靠。会话管理网元获取到的RAN协议能力指示信息指示表明RAN支持GTP-U协议增强。会话管理网元获取到的UPF协议能力指示信息为：UPF网元1支持GTP-U协议增强、UPF网元2和UPF网元3不支持GTP-U协议增强。
会话管理网元根据中的位置信息确定终端当前接入RAN1。结合表3，会话管理网元确定与RAN1相关的传输网为传输网-1和传输网-3，但是传输网-3和传输网-1均不支持高可靠。因此，会话管理网元无法从传输网中确定支持传输网高可靠的用户面网元。进一步地，会话管理网元根据步骤103中接入设备协议能力指示信息的获取方式，会话管理网元可以获取到RAN1的协议能力指示信息，假设RAN1支持GTP-U协议增强，则会话管理网元选择支持GTP-U协议增强的UPF。例如，假设UPF1支持GTP-U协议增强，则会话管理网元最终选择的用户面网元为UPF1。
举例说明，如果在表4中，RAN1支持GTP-U协议增强。但是传输网-3和传输网-1均不支持高可靠，如果UPF网元1和UPF网元3均不支持GTP-U协议增强。则会话管理网元可以确定拒绝建立用户面连接。
在一种可能的实现方式中，当传输网能力列表信息指示传输网不支持高可靠，且接入设备不支持GTP-U协议增强时，会话管理网元确定拒绝建立用户面连接。此时的接入设备指终端接入的接入设备。
应理解，如果传输网不支持高可靠，终端接入的接入设备不支持GTP-U协议增强，即使此时该终端接入的接入设备与多个用户面网元连接，该多个用户面网元均支持GTP-U协议增强，会话管理网元也可以确定拒绝建立用户面连接。
继续结合表4，如果会话管理网元获取到的RAN协议能力为：不支持GTP-U协议增强。会话管理网元根据终端的位置，确定终端当前接入RAN1。会话管理网元根据如表3所示的信息可以确定与RAN1关联的传输网包括传输网-1、传输网-3，其中，传输网-1和传输网-3都不支持高可靠。那么，进一步，会话管理网元根据步骤103中接入设备协议能力指示信息的获取方式，会话管理网元可以获取到RAN1的协议能力指示信息，假设RAN1不支持GTP-U协议增强那么会话管理网元确定拒绝建立用户面连接。
如果会话管理网元确定在接入设备和用户面网元之间建立至少两个N3隧道，也 即当接入设备和用户面网元均支持GTP-U协议增强，如图16所示，本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：
步骤108、会话管理网元向接入设备和用户面网元发送第一指示，第一指示用于指示接入设备在GTP-U层对终端的业务流报文进行去重、复制，以及指示用户面网元在GTP-U层对对终端的业务流报文进行去重、复制。
进一步地，会话管理网元还可以向接入设备和用户面网元发送该至少两个N3隧道的隧道信息。以便接入设备/用户面网元确定将业务流报文以及复制后得到的业务流报文利用至少两个N3隧道的隧道信息指示的至少两个N3隧道进行传输。
步骤108所描述的过程可以参考现有技术中的描述，此处不再赘述。
步骤109、接入设备或用户面网元接收来自会话管理网元的第一指示。
步骤110、接入设备或用户面网元根据第一指示，对在至少两个N3隧道上接收到终端的业务流报文执行重复检测。重复检测即去重、复制。也即在至少两个N3隧道上接收到业务流报文为重复的业务流报文，或者为已缓存的业务流报文重复，则接入设备或用户面网元可以将重复的业务流报文丢弃。
需要说明的是，如果该至少两个N3隧道由会话管理网元建立，则会话管理网元还可以向接入设备和用户面网元发送该至少两个N3隧道的隧道信息。以便接入设备/用户面网元确定将在GTP-U层进行复制的业务流报文以及复制后得到的业务流报文利用至少两个N3隧道的隧道信息指示的至少两个N3隧道传输。此外，接入设备/用户面网元还可以对在该至少两个N3隧道的隧道信息指示的至少两个N3隧道中接收到的复制的业务流报文以及复制后得到的业务流报文进行重复检测。
如果会话管理网元确定在接入设备和用户面网元之间建立一个N3隧道，则本申请实施例中会话管理网元可以在接入设备和用户面网元之间建立一个N3隧道即可，即无须指示用户面网元和接入设备分配冗余隧道信息。同样的，也无须指示UPF/RAN对业务流报文进行重复检测或者复制业务流报文。
如果会话管理网元确定在接入设备和用户面网元之间建立一个N3隧道，则本申请实施例中会话管理网元可以无须指示用户面网元和接入设备分配冗余隧道信息。同样的，也无须指示UPF/RAN对业务流报文进行重复检测或者复制业务流报文。
如果会话管理网元确定拒绝建立用户面连接，如图17所示，本申请实施例提供的方法还包括：
步骤111、当传输网能力列表信息指示所述传输网不支持高可靠，且所述接入设备或用户面网元中的任一个或多个不支持所述GTP-U协议增强时，所述会话管理网元向所述终端发送用于指示拒绝建立所述用户面连接的指示信息。这样便于终端及时确定网络侧拒绝建立所述用户面连接。
步骤112、终端接收来自会话管理网元的用于指示拒绝建立用户面连接的指示信息。
应理解，会话管理网元还可以向用户面网元和接入设备发送拒绝建立用户面连接的原因值。
在一种可能的实现方式中，本申请实施例中的步骤101会话管理网元获取传输网能力列表信息，具体可以通过以下方式实现：
示例5)、会话管理网元中预先配置传输网能力列表信息。
OAM将传输网能力列表信息配置在会话管理网元。在会话管理过程中，会话管理网元根据终端接入的接入设备、会话管理网元为终端选择的用户面网元，可以确定终端接入的接入设备和被选择的用户面网元之间的目标传输网。进一步地，会话管理网元根据目标传输网标识，从预先配置的传输网能力列表信息中获取目标传输网的协议能力信息。应理解该传输网能力列表信息用于指示传输网是否支持高可靠。
例如，传输网能力列表信息包括：传输网1(接入设备1和用户面网元1之间的传输网)的协议能力指示信息、传输网2(接入设备1和用户面网元2之间的传输网)的能力以及传输网3(接入设备2和用户面网元1之间的传输网)的能力。如果会话管理网元确定终端接入接入设备1，在会话管理过程中为终端选择的用户面网元为用户面网元1，则确定目标传输网为传输网1，进而可以根据从传输网能力列表信息中确定传输网1的能力。
示例6、会话管理网元从NRF或者用户面网元处获取传输网能力列表信息。
例如，NRF可以从用户面网元发送的注册请求或者从OAM获取传输网能力列表信息；进一步地，会话管理网元在网元发现阶段从NRF获取传输网能力列表信息。
例如，在N4设备连接建立过程中，会话管理网元从用户面网元获取传输网能力列表信息。在会话管理过程中，会话管理网元根据终端接入的接入设备以及会话管理网元选择的用户面网元确定目标传输网，并根据获取到的传输网能力列表信息，确定该传输网对应的传输网能力。
上述主要从各个网元之间交互的角度对本申请实施例的方案进行了介绍。可以理解的是，各个网元，例如会话管理网元、用户面网元、接入设备等为了实现上述功能，其包括了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
本申请实施例可以根据上述方法示例会话管理网元、用户面网元、接入设备进行功能单元的划分，例如，可以对应各个功能划分各个功能单元，也可以将两个或两个以上的功能集成在一个处理单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。需要说明的是，本申请实施例中对单元的划分是示意性的，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。
上面结合图7至图17，对本申请实施例的方法进行了说明，下面对本申请实施例提供的执行上述方法的传输装置进行描述。本领域技术人员可以理解，方法和装置可以相互结合和引用，本申请实施例提供的一种传输装置可以执行上述通信方法中发送端执行的方法，即会话管理网元所执行的步骤。另一种传输装置可以执行上述实施例中的通信方法中接收端执行的方法，即接入设备所执行的步骤。再一种传输装置，可以执行上述实施例中的通信方法中接收端执行的方法，即用户面网元所执行的步骤。
下面以采用对应各个功能划分各个功能模块为例进行说明：
如图18所示，图18示出了本申请实施例提供的传输装置的结构示意图，该传输装置可以是本申请实施例中的会话管理网元、用户面网元、接入设备中的任一个。也可以为应用于会话管理网元中的芯片、或者用户面网元中的芯片、或者接入设备中的芯片。该传输装置包括：处理单元101和通信单元102。其中，通信单元102用于支持传输装置执行信息发送或接收的步骤。处理单元101用于支持传输装置执行信息处理的步骤。
一种示例，以该传输装置为会话管理网元或应用于会话管理网元中的芯片或芯片系统为例，该通信单元102用于支持传输装置执行上述实施例中的步骤101。处理单元101用于支持传输装置执行上述实施例中的步骤102。
在一种可能的实施例中，通信单元102还用于支持传输装置执行上述实施例中的步骤103、步骤1037、步骤301以及步骤402、步骤104、步骤106、步骤108。处理单元101还用于支持传输装置执行上述实施例中的步骤1036、步骤1021、步骤105、步骤107。
另一种示例，以该传输装置为接入设备或应用于接入设备中的芯片或芯片系统为例，通信单元102用于支持传输装置执行上述实施例中的步骤109。
在一种可能的实施例中，通信单元102还用于支持传输装置执行上述实施例中的步骤1031、步骤1034、步骤1038、步骤1039、步骤201、步骤204。处理单元101用于支持传输装置执行上述实施例中的步骤110。
应理解，如果该传输装置为接入设备或应用于接入设备中的芯片或芯片系统时，处理单元101为可选的单元。
在一种可能的实施例中，传输装置还可以包括：存储单元103。处理单元101、通信单元102、存储单元103通过通信总线相连。
存储单元103可以包括一个或者多个存储器，存储器可以是一个或者多个设备、电路中用于存储程序或者数据的器件。
存储单元103可以独立存在，通过通信总线与传输装置具有的处理单元101相连。存储单元103也可以和处理单元集成在一起。
传输装置可以用于通信设备、电路、硬件组件或者芯片中。
以传输装置可以是本申请实施例中的会话管理网元、接入设备的芯片或芯片系统为例，则通信单元102可以是输入或者输出接口、管脚或者电路等。示例性的，存储单元103可以存储会话管理网元、接入设备侧的方法的计算机执行指令，以使处理单元101执行上述实施例中会话管理网元、接入设备侧的方法。存储单元103可以是寄存器、缓存或者RAM等，存储单元103可以和处理单元101集成在一起。存储单元103可以是ROM或者可存储静态信息和指令的其他类型的静态存储设备，存储单元103可以与处理单元101相独立。
本申请实施例提供了一种传输装置，该传输装置包括一个或者多个模块，用于实现上述步骤101-步骤112中的方法，该一个或者多个模块可以与上述步骤101-步骤112中的方法的步骤相对应。具体的，本申请实施例中由会话管理网元执行的方法中的每个步骤，会话管理网元中存在执行该方法中每个步骤的单元或者模块。由接入设备执行的方法中的每个步骤，接入设备中存在执行该方法中每个步骤的单元或者模块。例 如，对于执行对该传输装置的动作进行控制或处理的模块可以称为处理模块。对于执行对在传输装置侧进行消息或数据处理的步骤的模块可以称为通信模块。
示例性的，当采用实体装置实现时，如图18所示的传输装置的处理单元101可以为如图6所示的处理器41或处理45、通信单元102可以为如图6所示的通信接口43，存储单元103可以为存储器42。具体的，在图6中，以该通信设备为会话管理网元或应用于会话管理网元中的芯片为例，该通信接口43用于支持该传输装置执行上述实施例中的步骤101。处理器41或处理器45用于支持传输装置执行上述实施例中的步骤102。
在一种可能的实施例中，通信接口43还用于支持如图6所示的通信设备执行上述实施例中的步骤103、步骤1037、步骤301以及步骤402、步骤104、步骤106、步骤108。处理器41或处理45还用于支持如图6所示的通信设备执行上述实施例中的步骤1036、步骤1021、步骤105、步骤107。
在另一种示例中，以传输装置可以为接入设备或应用于接入设备中的芯片或芯片系统为例，该通信接口用于支持如图6所示的通信设备执行上述实施例中的步骤106。处理器41或处理器45用于支持传输装置执行上述实施例中的步骤105。
在一种可能的实施例中，通信接口43还用于支持如图6所示的通信设备执行上述实施例中的步骤109。处理器41或处理器45用于支持如图6所示的通信设备执行上述实施例中的步骤110。在一种可能的实施例中，通信接口43还用于支持如图6所示的通信设备执行上述实施例中的步骤1031、步骤1034、步骤1038、步骤1039、步骤201、步骤204。
图19是本发明实施例提供的芯片150的结构示意图。芯片150包括一个或两个以上(包括两个)处理器1510和通信接口1530。
在一种可能的实施例中，如图19所示的芯片150还包括存储器1540，存储器1540可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器，并向处理器1510提供操作指令和数据。存储器1540的一部分还可以包括非易失性随机存取存储器(non-volatile random access memory，NVRAM)。
在一些实施方式中，存储器1540存储了如下的元素，可执行模块或者数据结构，或者他们的子集，或者他们的扩展集：
在本发明实施例中，通过调用存储器1540存储的操作指令(该操作指令可存储在操作系统中)，执行相应的操作。
一种可能的实现方式中为：会话管理网元、第二控制面网元、第一终端所用的芯片的结构类似，不同的装置可以使用不同的芯片以实现各自的功能。
处理器1510控制会话管理网元、第二控制面网元、第一终端的操作，处理器1510还可以称为中央处理单元(central processing unit，CPU)。存储器1540可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器，并向处理器1510提供指令和数据。存储器1540的一部分还可以包括非易失性随机存取存储器(non-volatile random access memory，NVRAM)。例如应用中存储器1540、通信接口1530以及存储器1540通过总线系统1520耦合在一起，其中总线系统1520除包括数据总线之外，还可以包括电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线等。但是为了清楚说明起见，在图19中将各种总线都标为总线系统1520。
以上通信单元可以是一种该装置的接口电路或通信接口，用于从其它装置接收信号。例如，当该装置以芯片的方式实现时，该通信单元是该芯片用于从其它芯片或装置接收信号或发送信号的接口电路或通信接口。
上述本发明实施例揭示的方法可以应用于处理器1510中，或者由处理器1510实现。处理器1510可能是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤可以通过处理器1510中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器1510可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processing，DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(field-programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本发明实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本发明实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器1540，处理器1510读取存储器1540中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
一种可能的实现方式中，通信接口1530用于执行图7-图17所示的实施例中的会话管理网元、接入设备、用户面网元的接收和发送的步骤。处理器1510用于执行图7-图17所示的实施例中的会话管理网元、接入设备、用户面网元的处理的步骤。
在上述实施例中，存储器存储的供处理器执行的指令可以以计算机程序产品的形式实现。计算机程序产品可以是事先写入在存储器中，也可以是以软件形式下载并安装在存储器中。
计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例的流程或功能。计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存储的任何可用介质或者是包括一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。可用介质可以是磁性介质，(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘solid state disk，SSD)等。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质。上述实施例中描述的方法可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。如果在软件中实现，则功能可以作为一个或多个指令或代码存储在计算机可读介质上或者在计算机可读介质上传输。计算机可读介质可以包括计算机存储介质和通信介质，还可以包括任何可以将计算机程序从一个地方传送到另一个地方的介质。存储介质可以是可由计算机访问的任何目标介质。
作为一种可能的设计，计算机可读介质可以包括RAM，ROM，EEPROM，CD-ROM 或其它光盘存储器，磁盘存储器或其它磁存储设备，或目标于承载的任何其它介质或以指令或数据结构的形式存储所需的程序代码，并且可由计算机访问。而且，任何连接被适当地称为计算机可读介质。例如，如果使用同轴电缆，光纤电缆，双绞线，数字用户线(DSL)或无线技术(如红外，无线电和微波)从网站，服务器或其它远程源传输软件，则同轴电缆，光纤电缆，双绞线，DSL或诸如红外，无线电和微波之类的无线技术包括在介质的定义中。如本文所使用的磁盘和光盘包括光盘(CD)，激光盘，光盘，数字通用光盘(DVD)，软盘和蓝光盘，其中磁盘通常以磁性方式再现数据，而光盘利用激光光学地再现数据。上述的组合也应包括在计算机可读介质的范围内。
本申请实施例还提供了一种计算机程序产品。上述实施例中描述的方法可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。如果在软件中实现，可以全部或者部分得通过计算机程序产品的形式实现。计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行上述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照上述方法实施例中描述的流程或功能。上述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、基站、终端或者其它可编程装置。
以上的具体实施方式，对本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上仅为本发明的具体实施方式而已，并不用于限定本发明的保护范围，凡在本发明的技术方案的基础之上，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包括在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (29)

  1. 一种传输方法，其特征在于，包括：
    会话管理网元获取传输网能力列表信息；其中，所述传输网能力列表信息用于指示传输网是否支持高可靠，所述传输网为接入设备与用户面网元之间的网络；
    所述会话管理网元根据所述传输网能力列表信息，管理终端在所述接入设备与所述用户面网元之间的用户面连接，所述用户面连接用于传输所述终端的业务流报文。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述会话管理网元获取所述接入设备的协议能力指示信息以及所述用户面网元的协议能力指示信息，其中，所述接入设备的协议能力指示信息用于指示所述接入设备是否支持通用分组无线服务技术隧道协议—用户面GTP-U协议增强，所述用户面网元是否支持所述GTP-U协议增强；
    所述会话管理网元根据所述传输网能力列表信息，管理终端在所述接入设备与所述用户面网元之间的用户面连接，具体包括：
    所述会话管理网元根据所述接入设备的协议能力指示信息、所述用户面网元的协议能力指示信息以及所述传输网能力列表信息，管理所述用户面连接。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述会话管理网元获取所述用户面网元的协议能力指示信息，包括：
    所述会话管理网元从所述用户面网元处获取所述用户面网元的协议能力指示信息；
    或者，所述会话管理网元从网络仓库贮存功能NRF处获取所述用户面网元的协议能力指示信息。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述会话管理网元根据所述接入设备的协议能力指示信息、所述用户面网元的协议能力指示信息以及所述传输网能力列表信息，管理所述用户面连接，包括：
    当所述接入设备和所述用户面网元均支持所述GTP-U协议增强时，所述会话管理网元在所述接入设备与所述用户面网元之间建立至少两个N3隧道作为所述用户面连接。
  5. 根据权利要求2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述会话管理网元根据所述接入设备的协议能力指示信息、所述用户面网元的协议能力指示信息以及所述传输网能力列表信息，管理所述用户面连接，包括：
    当所述传输网支持高可靠传输时，所述会话管理网元在所述接入设备与所述用户面网元之间建立一个N3隧道作为所述用户面连接。
  6. 根据权利要求2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述会话管理网元根据所述接入设备的协议能力指示信息、所述用户面网元的协议能力指示信息以及所述传输网能力列表信息，管理所述用户面连接，包括：
    当所述传输网支持高可靠传输，所述接入设备和所述用户面网元均支持所述GTP-U协议增强时，所述会话管理网元根据策略信息，确定在所述接入设备与所述用户面网元之间建立至少两个N3隧道或者一个N3隧道作为所述用户面连接。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述会话管理网元获取所述终端的位置信息；
    所述会话管理网元根据所述终端的位置信息、以及所述传输网能力列表信息，在所述传输网列表信息中选择支持传输网高可靠的用户面网元。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述会话管理网元获取所述接入设备的协议能力指示信息；
    所述会话管理网元根据所述接入设备的协议能力指示信息以及所述传输网能力列表信息，确定所述用户面网元。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述会话管理网元根据所述接入设备的协议能力指示信息以及所述传输网能力列表信息，确定所述用户面网元，包括：
    当所述传输网能力列表信息指示不存在支持传输网高可靠的用户面网元，且所述接入设备支持GTP-U协议增强时，所述会话管理网元确定支持所述GTP-U协议增强的用户面网元为所述用户面网元。
  10. 根据权利要求2、7或8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    当所述传输网能力列表信息指示所述传输网不支持高可靠，且所述接入设备和所述用户面网元中的任一个或多个不支持GTP-U协议增强时，所述会话管理网元向所述接入设备发送用于指示拒绝建立所述用户面连接的指示信息。
  11. 根据权利要求2-8任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述会话管理网元获取接入设备的协议能力指示信息，包括：
    所述会话管理网元接收来自移动管理网元的所述接入设备的协议能力指示信息；或者，
    所述会话管理网元向所述接入设备发送能力获取请求消息，所述能力获取请求消息用于请求所述接入设备的协议能力指示信息；或者，
    所述会话管理网元从所述用户面网元处获取所述接入设备的协议能力指示信息。
  12. 根据权利要求1至11任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述会话管理网元获取传输网能力列表信息，包括：
    所述会话管理网元中预先配置所述传输网能力列表信息；或者，
    所述会话管理网元从NRF或者用户面网元处获取所述传输网能力列表信息。
  13. 根据权利要求1-12任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述接入设备和所述用户面网元均支持GTP-U协议增强时，所述方法还包括：
    所述会话管理网元向所述接入设备和所述用户面网元发送第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示所述接入设备在GTP-U层复制所述业务流报文，以及指示所述用户面网元在所述GTP-U层对所述业务流报文进行重复检测；或者，所述第一指示用于指示所述用户面网元在GTP-U层复制所述业务流报文，以及指示所述接入设备在所述GTP-U层对所述业务流报文进行重复检测。
  14. 一种传输装置，其特征在于，包括：
    通信单元，用于获取传输网能力列表信息；其中，所述传输网能力列表信息用于指示传输网是否支持高可靠，所述传输网为接入设备与用户面网元之间的网络；
    处理单元，用于根据所述传输网能力列表信息，管理终端在所述接入设备与所述用户面网元之间的用户面连接，所述用户面连接用于传输所述终端的业务流报文。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信单元，还用于获取所述 接入设备的协议能力指示信息以及所述用户面网元的协议能力指示信息，其中，所述接入设备的协议能力指示信息用于指示所述接入设备是否支持通用分组无线服务技术隧道协议—用户面GTP-U协议增强，所述用户面网元是否支持所述GTP-U协议增强；
    所述处理单元，具体用于根据所述接入设备的协议能力指示信息、所述用户面网元的协议能力指示信息以及所述传输网能力列表信息，管理所述用户面连接。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信单元，还具体用于从所述用户面网元处获取所述用户面网元的协议能力指示信息；
    或者，所述通信单元，还具体用于从网络仓库贮存功能NRF处获取所述用户面网元的协议能力指示信息。
  17. 根据权利要求15或16所述的装置，其特征在于，当所述接入设备和所述用户面网元均支持所述GTP-U协议增强时，所述处理单元，具体用于在所述接入设备与所述用户面网元之间建立至少两个N3隧道作为所述用户面连接。
  18. 根据权利要求15或16所述的装置，其特征在于，
    当所述传输网支持高可靠传输时，所述处理单元，具体用于在所述接入设备与所述用户面网元之间建立一个N3隧道作为所述用户面连接。
  19. 根据权利要求15或16所述的装置，其特征在于，
    当所述传输网支持高可靠传输，所述接入设备和所述用户面网元均支持所述GTP-U协议增强时，所述处理单元，具体用于根据策略信息，确定在所述接入设备与所述用户面网元之间建立至少两个N3隧道或者一个N3隧道作为所述用户面连接。
  20. 根据权利要求14所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信单元，还用于获取所述终端的位置信息；
    所述处理单元，还用于根据所述终端的位置信息、以及所述传输网能力列表信息，在所述传输网列表信息中选择支持传输网高可靠的用户面网元。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信单元，还用于获取所述接入设备的协议能力指示信息；
    所述处理单元，还用于根据所述接入设备的协议能力指示信息以及所述传输网能力列表信息，确定所述用户面网元。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的装置，其特征在于，当所述传输网能力列表信息指示不存在支持传输网高可靠的用户面网元，且所述接入设备支持GTP-U协议增强时，所述处理单元，还具体用于确定支持所述GTP-U协议增强的用户面网元为所述用户面网元。
  23. 根据权利要求15、20或21所述的装置，其特征在于，当所述传输网能力列表信息指示所述传输网不支持高可靠，且所述接入设备和所述用户面网元中的任一个或多个不支持GTP-U协议增强时，所述通信单元，还用于向所述接入设备发送用于指示拒绝建立所述用户面连接的指示信息。
  24. 根据权利要求15-21任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述通信单元，还具体用于接收来自移动管理网元的所述接入设备的协议能力指示信息；或者，
    所述通信单元，还具体用于向所述接入设备发送能力获取请求消息，所述能力获取请求消息用于请求所述接入设备的协议能力指示信息；或者，
    所述通信单元，还具体用于从所述用户面网元处获取所述接入设备的协议能力指示信息。
  25. 根据权利要求14至24任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，所述传输装置中预先配置所述传输网能力列表信息；或者，
    所述通信单元，具体用于从NRF或者用户面网元处获取所述传输网能力列表信息。
  26. 根据权利要求14-25任一项所述的装置，其特征在于，当所述接入设备和所述用户面网元均支持GTP-U协议增强时，所述通信单元，还用于向所述接入设备和所述用户面网元发送第一指示，所述第一指示用于指示所述接入设备在GTP-U层复制所述业务流报文，以及指示所述用户面网元在所述GTP-U层对所述业务流报文进行重复检测；或者，所述第一指示用于指示所述用户面网元在GTP-U层复制所述业务流报文，以及指示所述接入设备在所述GTP-U层对所述业务流报文进行重复检测。
  27. 一种芯片，其特征在于，所述芯片包括至少一个处理器和通信接口，所述通信接口和所述至少一个处理器耦合，所述至少一个处理器用于运行计算机程序或指令，以实现如权利要求1-13中任一项所述的传输方法，所述通信接口用于与所述芯片之外的其它模块进行通信。
  28. 一种传输装置，其特征在于，包括：处理器和通信接口；
    其中，所述通信接口用于执行如权利要求1-13中任一项所述的传输方法中在会话管理网元中进行消息收发的操作；所述处理器运行指令以执行如权利要求1-13中任一项所述的传输方法中在所述会话管理网元中进行处理或控制的操作。
  29. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当所述指令被运行时，实现上述权利要求1-13任一项所述的传输方法。
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