WO2020166506A1 - Outer connection member for sliding-type constant velocity universal joint, and sliding-type constant velocity universal joint - Google Patents

Outer connection member for sliding-type constant velocity universal joint, and sliding-type constant velocity universal joint Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020166506A1
WO2020166506A1 PCT/JP2020/004808 JP2020004808W WO2020166506A1 WO 2020166506 A1 WO2020166506 A1 WO 2020166506A1 JP 2020004808 W JP2020004808 W JP 2020004808W WO 2020166506 A1 WO2020166506 A1 WO 2020166506A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
joint member
constant velocity
velocity universal
universal joint
outer joint
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2020/004808
Other languages
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
卓 板垣
石島　実
将太 河田
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Ntn株式会社
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Application filed by Ntn株式会社 filed Critical Ntn株式会社
Publication of WO2020166506A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020166506A1/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/202—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints
    • F16D3/205—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints the pins extending radially outwardly from the coupling part
    • F16D3/2055—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints the pins extending radially outwardly from the coupling part having three pins, i.e. true tripod joints
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/202—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints
    • F16D2003/2026—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members one coupling part having radially projecting pins, e.g. tripod joints with trunnion rings, i.e. with tripod joints having rollers supported by a ring on the trunnion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
    • F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
    • F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
    • F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
    • F16D3/223—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts
    • F16D3/226—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts the groove centre-lines in each coupling part lying on a cylinder co-axial with the respective coupling part
    • F16D3/227—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts the groove centre-lines in each coupling part lying on a cylinder co-axial with the respective coupling part the joints being telescopic

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an outer joint member for a sliding type constant velocity universal joint, and a sliding type constant velocity universal joint.
  • sliding type constant velocity free transmission that transmits rotational torque at a constant velocity while allowing not only angular displacement but axial displacement between the drive shaft and driven shaft Joints are used.
  • sliding type constant velocity universal joint for example, a roller type tripod type constant velocity universal joint as shown in FIG. 14 and a ball type double offset type constant velocity universal joint as shown in FIG. 15 are known. There is.
  • the tripod type constant velocity universal joint 60 shown in FIG. 14 includes an outer joint member 61 having a plurality of track grooves 65 on its inner peripheral surface, a tripod member 62 as an inner joint member, and a rolling element provided on the tripod member 62. Roller 63 and the like.
  • the roller 63 rolls along the track groove 65 of the outer joint member 61, so that the internal parts including the roller 63 and the tripod member 62 are axially X-directional relative to the outer joint member 61.
  • the “axial direction” referred to here means the direction of the central axis O of the outer joint member 61 or an arbitrary axis parallel to the central axis O. The same applies below.
  • the double offset type constant velocity universal joint 50 shown in FIG. 15 has an outer joint member 51 having a plurality of track grooves 55 on its inner peripheral surface, an inner joint member 52 having a plurality of track grooves 56 on its outer peripheral surface, and an outer member.
  • a plurality of balls 53 as rolling elements arranged between the track grooves 55 and 56 of the joint member 51 and the inner joint member 52 facing each other, and an inner peripheral surface of the outer joint member 51 and an outer peripheral surface of the inner joint member 52. It is provided with a cage 54 and the like which holds the ball 53 interposed therebetween.
  • the balls 53 roll along the track grooves 55 of the outer joint member 51, so that the internal parts including the ball 53, the inner joint member 52, and the cage 54 are different from the outer joint member 51. Move in the axial direction X.
  • the protrusion amount of the protrusion As one of the methods to improve the retaining force by the protrusion, it is possible to increase the protrusion amount of the protrusion. However, if the amount of protrusion of the protrusion is increased, it becomes difficult to insert the internal component into the outer joint member after the protrusion is formed, and contact marks or deformation due to contact of the roller with the protrusion during insertion of the internal component may occur. There is a concern that it will easily occur. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the retaining force while suppressing the protrusion amount as much as possible, rather than simply increasing the protrusion amount.
  • the present invention provides an outer joint member for a sliding constant velocity universal joint, which improves the retaining force and can effectively prevent the internal components from coming off, and a sliding constant velocity universal joint.
  • the purpose is to provide.
  • the present invention has a track groove for accommodating a rolling element formed on an inner peripheral surface thereof, and allows a rotational torque while allowing angular displacement and axial displacement with an inner joint member via the rolling element.
  • a ridge formed by caulking is formed on the opening end side of the track groove to prevent the internal parts including the rolling elements and the inner joint member from coming off.
  • the track groove has a hardened portion having a surface hardness of HRC45 or more, and an uncured portion having a surface hardness less than HRC45 provided in a region from the hardened portion to the opening end of the track groove. Is provided over the entire uncured portion in the axial direction.
  • the “axial direction” means the direction of the central axis of the outer joint member or the direction of any axis parallel to the central axis, like the above-mentioned axial direction.
  • the raised portion of the track groove is constrained by a portion of the hardened portion side, so the slope of the raised portion can be increased. That is, since the ridge is partially restrained by the hardened portion, the bulge from the boundary between the hardened portion and the uncured portion becomes remarkable, so that the slope of the bulged portion becomes large.
  • the retaining force of the raised portion is improved, and the internal parts can be effectively prevented from coming off.
  • the ridge may be configured so that the ridge starts from the boundary between the hardened part and the uncured part.
  • the raised portion can be formed, for example, by forming a concave portion on the opening end surface of the outer joint member by caulking.
  • the raised portion be within the interval between the two contact points.
  • the raised parts may allow the internal parts to pull out.
  • the outer joint member and the inner component can be separated after assembling, workability of repair and maintenance is improved.
  • the outer joint member according to the present invention can be applied to, for example, a sliding type constant velocity universal joint including a roller as a rolling element and a tripod member as an inner joint member on which the roller is rotatably mounted.
  • FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part of a tripod type constant velocity universal joint according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a lateral sectional view of an essential part of a tripod type constant velocity universal joint according to the present embodiment.
  • a tripod type constant velocity universal joint 1 mainly includes an outer joint member 2, a tripod member 3 as an inner joint member, and a roller 4 as a rolling element. It is provided as a component.
  • the outer joint member 2 is a cup-shaped member having an opening at one end.
  • Each track groove 5 is provided with a roller guide surface 5a as a rolling element guide surface facing each other.
  • the “axial direction” in the description of the present invention means the direction X (see FIG. 1) of the central axis O of the outer joint member 2 or any axis parallel to the central axis O.
  • the tripod member 3 has a boss portion 6 having a central hole 6a and three leg shafts 7 projecting radially from the boss portion 6.
  • a female spline 6b that can be fitted to a male spline 8b formed at the end of the shaft 8 is formed in the center hole 6a of the boss portion 6.
  • the end portion of the shaft 8 is inserted into the center hole 6a, and the male spline 8b and the female spline 6b are fitted to each other, so that the shaft 8 and the tripod member 3 are integrally rotatably connected.
  • the retaining ring 9 is attached to the end portion of the shaft 8 protruding from the center hole 6a, so that the shaft 8 is prevented from coming off from the tripod member 3 in the axial direction X.
  • a roller unit 14 including rollers 4 and the like is attached to each leg shaft 7 of the tripod member 3.
  • the roller unit 14 includes a roller 4 as an outer ring, an inner ring 10 arranged inside the roller 4 and fitted on the leg shaft 3, and a large number of rollers interposed between the roller 4 and the inner ring 10. And needle rollers 11.
  • the roller 4, the inner ring 10, and the needle roller 11 are assembled by washers 12 and 13 so as not to be separated from each other.
  • the roller 4 is arranged in the track groove 5 of the outer joint member 2.
  • the internal parts including the roller unit 14 and the tripod member 3 are axially displaced with respect to the outer joint member 2.
  • the roller unit 14 can be inclined with respect to the axis of the leg shaft 7 by forming the cross section of the leg shaft 7 in a substantially elliptical shape. Thereby, the angular displacement in which the axis of the tripod member 3 is inclined with respect to the axis of the outer joint member 2 is also allowed.
  • the roller unit 14 also functions as a torque transmission member that transmits a rotational torque between the tripod member 3 and the outer joint member 2 when the tripod member 3 rotates as the shaft 8 rotates.
  • the tripod type constant velocity universal joint 1 includes a boot 15 for sealing the opening of the outer joint member 2.
  • the boot 15 includes a large-diameter end portion 15a, a small-diameter end portion (not shown), and a bellows portion 15c that connects the large-diameter end portion 15a and the small-diameter end portion.
  • the large-diameter end portion 15a is attached by being fastened with a boot band 16 to a boot mounting portion 2b formed on the open end side of the outer diameter surface of the outer joint member 2.
  • the small diameter portion is attached to a boot mounting portion (not shown) formed on the outer diameter surface of the shaft 8 by being fastened with another boot band.
  • FIG. 3 is an end view of the outer joint member 2 viewed from the opening end side.
  • a protrusion 20 for preventing internal parts from coming off is provided on the opening end side of the track groove 5 of the outer joint member 2.
  • One raised portion 20 is provided on each roller guide surface 5a of each track groove 5.
  • a concave portion 30 which is a tool mark when the outer joint member 2 is caulked to form the raised portion 20.
  • one recess 30 is formed corresponding to each raised portion 20.
  • FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part in which the outer joint member 2 is cut in the axial direction X at the raised portion 20.
  • the raised portion 20 projects inward from the roller guide surface 5a.
  • the roller 4 incorporated in the outer joint member 2 moves to the joint opening side as shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. Even if it does, the movement of the roller 4 is restricted by the roller 4 hitting the restriction surface 20a of the raised portion 20 protruding from the roller guide surface 5a, and the roller 4 and internal parts including the roller 4 are prevented from coming off from the outer joint member 2. To be prevented.
  • the swaging tool 40 shown in FIG. 5 is used to form the raised portion 20.
  • the caulking tool 40 includes a rectangular parallelepiped main body portion 41 and a convex-shaped protrusion forming portion 42 provided at one longitudinal end of the main body portion 41.
  • the ridge forming portion 42 is formed in a triangular cross-section whose cross-sectional width decreases toward the tip (upward in FIG. 5).
  • the ridge forming portion 42 of the caulking tool 40 configured as described above is brought into contact with the open end surface 2a of the outer joint member 2 before the ridge 20 is formed, as shown in FIG. Specifically, the protrusion forming portion 42 is brought into contact with the opening end surface 2a at a position close to the inner edge, but at a position away from the inner edge.
  • the caulking tool 40 is pressed against the opening end surface 2a of the outer joint member 2 by a press machine (not shown) or the like, and the ridge forming portion 42 is cut into the opening end surface 2a.
  • the concave portion 30 is formed on the opening end surface 2a, and the protruding portion 20 is formed by plastically deforming the portion of the roller guide surface 5a on the opening end side to project inward.
  • the surface of the body portion 41 of the caulking tool 40 (the lower surface of FIG. 7) restrains the movement of the volume of the outer joint member 2 (movement to the upper side of FIG. 7), and thus the raised portion 20. Can be effectively and reliably projected inward.
  • the roller 4 comes into contact with the raised portion 20, but from this state, the roller 4 is pushed into the inner side of the track groove 5 and the roller guide surfaces 5a facing each other are pushed by elastic-plastic deformation. By unfolding, the roller 4 can be inserted to the back side. As a result, the roller 4 is inserted into the inner side of the track groove 5, and the assembly of internal parts is completed.
  • the raised portion 20 prevents the internal parts including the roller 4 from coming off. Since the pull-out preventing force by the raised portion 20 is set to be larger than the pull-out force that can occur during the joint assembling work to the vehicle body or the like, the internal component can come out from the outer joint member 2 by the pull-out force generated during the joint assembling work. There is no.
  • the internal parts can be separated from the outer joint member. Therefore, the raised portion 20 may allow the internal component to be pulled out when a pulling-out force larger than the pulling-out force that may occur during the joint assembly work is applied to the internal component.
  • the outer joint member and the inner component can be separated and reassembled, and the workability of repair and maintenance can be improved.
  • the regulation surface 20a has an inclined surface 20b inclined with respect to the roller guide surface 5a, thereby separating the internal parts.
  • the deformation of the roller 4 at that time can be suppressed.
  • the inclined surface 20b is inclined so that the protruding amount decreases from the opening end surface 2a side of the outer joint member 2 toward the inner side in the axial direction opposite thereto. Since the regulation surface 20a has such an inclined surface 20b, when the internal component is separated from the outer joint member 2, the protrusion of the raised portion 20 with respect to the roller 4 is reduced, and the constant velocity universal joint is largely deformed. The outer joint member and the inner part can be separated with a pulling force that does not occur.
  • the track groove 5 has the roller guide surface 5a on which the roller 4 rolls, it is necessary to ensure durability and strength. Therefore, a hardened layer is generally formed in the track groove 5 by heat treatment (for example, induction hardening).
  • heat treatment for example, induction hardening
  • the pushing load for pushing the caulking tool 40 into the opening end surface 2a of the outer joint member 2 must be increased, which shortens the life of the caulking tool 40 and causes cracking of the outer joint member 2 when forming a raised portion. May occur.
  • an uncured portion 32 where the hardened layer M is not formed by heat treatment is provided on the opening end side of the track groove 5, and the uncured portion 32 is formed. It is desirable to form the raised portion 20 on the portion 32.
  • the "uncured portion” here means a portion having a surface hardness of less than HRC45.
  • the uncured portion 32 includes a portion that is not heat-treated at all and a portion that is slightly heat-treated as long as the surface hardness is less than HRC45.
  • the surface hardness of the hardened portion 31 of the track groove 5 in which the hardened layer M is formed is HRC45 or higher, and is set to, for example, HRC57 to 64 in the present embodiment.
  • the raised portion 20 can be formed without the raised portion being constrained by the hardened portion 31. become.
  • the raised portion 20 when the raised portion 20 is not affected by the restraint by the hardened portion 31 at all, the raised shape becomes relatively gentle, and therefore the slope of the raised portion 20 (the inclined surface 20b). Tends to be smaller.
  • the retaining force of the raised portion 20 depends on the slope of the raised portion 20. That is, when the slope of the raised portion 20 is small, the roller 4 easily gets over the raised portion 20. Therefore, in order to improve the retaining force of the raised portion 20, it is preferable to increase the slope of the raised portion 20. On the other hand, it is possible to compensate for the insufficient retaining force due to the small slope of the raised portion 20 by increasing the protruding amount of the raised portion 20.
  • FIG. 9 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the raised portion 20 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • an uncured portion 32 having a surface hardness of less than HRC45 is provided on the open end side of the track groove 5, and the uncured portion 32 has a raised portion.
  • the hardened portion 31 extends toward the opening end side (the upper side in the figure) of the track groove 5 as compared with the example shown in FIG.
  • the axial length L1 of the uncured portion 32 up to the opening end of 5 is short (L1 ⁇ L2).
  • the hardened portion 31 has a range W2 in which the raised portion 20 is formed without being affected by the hardened layer M, that is, the raised portion 20 is formed in the example of FIG. Has entered the range W2. Therefore, the protrusion is restricted in the range Y where the hardened portion 31 enters. As a result, the bulging of the raised portion 20 starts from the boundary J between the hardened portion 31 and the uncured portion 32.
  • the ridge of the ridge 20 is partially constrained by the hardened portion 31, so that the ridge starting from the boundary J becomes conspicuous. Then, as the ridge of the ridge 20 becomes noticeable, the slope of the ridge 20 (the inclination angle ⁇ 1 of the inclined surface 20b with respect to the roller guide surface 5a) increases. That is, in the case of the example shown in FIG. 13, the ridge shape becomes relatively gentle by being completely unaffected by the restraint by the hardened portion 31, whereas the hardened portion as in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the ridge When the ridge is partially restrained by 31, the ridge is significantly generated from the boundary J between the hardened part 31 and the uncured 32 part, so that the slope of the ridge 20 is larger than that in the example shown in FIG. It becomes larger ( ⁇ 1> ⁇ 2).
  • the axial region W1 of the ridge 20 that is actually formed is shorter than that in the example shown in FIG. 13 (W1 ⁇ W2) because the ridge is partially restrained, the protrusion of the ridge 20 is formed.
  • the amount T1 is secured at the same level as or larger than the example shown in FIG. 13 (T1 ⁇ T2).
  • the slope of the raised portion 20 is increased, so that the retaining force of the raised portion 20 is improved.
  • a large pulling force acts on the internal parts.
  • the retaining force can be effectively improved without increasing the protrusion amount of the raised portion 20. Therefore, according to the present invention, as the amount of protrusion of the raised portion 20 increases, the assembling property of the internal component to the outer joint member 2 decreases, and the contact between the raised portion 20 and the internal component at the time of press fitting. It is possible to improve the retaining force while avoiding generation of marks or deformation, and further shortening of the life of the caulking tool 40 due to an increase in the load during caulking.
  • the shape of the protrusion 20 on the inner side of the joint and the slope is increased without increasing the protrusion amount of the protrusion 20, so that the assemblability of the internal parts and the protrusion 20 are increased. It is possible to realize an outer joint member and a sliding type constant velocity universal joint having high internal component retaining force while maintaining the workability of 1.
  • the ridge of the raised portion 20 is harder than the boundary J between the hardened portion 31 and the uncured portion 32. It may be started from the section 31 side. Even in such a case, since the protrusion from the boundary J between the hardened portion 31 and the uncured portion 32 becomes remarkable, the slope of the raised portion 20 becomes large, and the retaining force can be improved. Therefore, the starting point of the raised portion 20 may be the boundary J between the hardened portion 31 and the uncured portion 32, or may be closer to the hardened portion 31 than the boundary J. In short, the raised portion 20 may be provided over the entire uncured portion 32 in the axial direction without the flat (without ridge) uncured portion 32 being interposed between the raised portion 20 and the cured portion 32.
  • the regulation surface 20a of the raised portion 20 has a linear shape (without a depression) as shown in FIG. 10 when viewed from the axial direction X of the outer joint member 2, and an end portion in the width direction as shown in FIG.
  • the shape may be a concave curved surface that is recessed on the center side rather than on the side.
  • the "width direction" referred to here is, as shown in FIG. 11, in the cross section of the outer joint member 2 taken along a plane orthogonal to the axial direction X, the track groove 5 in the portion where the raised portion 20 is formed. It means the direction Y along the shape line.
  • the shape of the regulation surface 20a is a concave curved surface as shown in FIG.
  • the contact area between the raised portion 20 and the roller 4 is increased as compared with the case of the linear shape shown in FIG.
  • the retaining force by 20 is improved. That is, in the case of the example shown in FIG. 10, since the curvature of the regulation surface 20a is close to the curvature of the convex curved surface which is the shape of the outer peripheral surface 4a of the roller 4, the contact range between the roller 4 and the regulation surface 20a increases, The roller 4 does not easily get over the raised portion 20 and fall off.
  • the regulation surface 20a may not be a curved shape (concave curved surface shape) but a concave shape formed by only a straight line or a combination of a straight line and a curved line. Even with such a shape, the shape of the regulation surface 20a is closer to the shape of the outer peripheral surface 4a of the roller 4 as compared with the comparative example in which the regulation surface 20a is not formed in a concave shape, so that the roller 4 and the regulation surface 20a are formed. It is possible to widen the contact range with.
  • the shape of the caulking tool 40 may be changed appropriately according to the shape. Specifically, in the caulking tool 40 shown in FIG. 5, of the surfaces 42a and 42b forming the two triangular sides of the protrusion forming portion 42, the shape of the surface 42a on the back side in the drawing may be changed. .. By changing the shape of the inner surface 42a, the shape is transferred to the concave portion 30 (the inner surface 30a of the joint inner diameter side shown in FIGS. 10, 11, and 12).
  • the regulation surface 20a can be formed in a desired shape.
  • the outer peripheral surface of the roller 4 when the outer peripheral surface 4a of the roller 4 and the roller guide surface 5a are in contact with each other at a predetermined contact angle ⁇ , that is, in a so-called angular contact, the outer peripheral surface of the roller 4 is It is preferable that the raised portion 20 is set within the interval between the two contact points S where the roller guide surface 4a and the roller guide surface 5a contact each other.
  • the width dimension B of the recessed portion 30 is set to be smaller than the distance A between the two contact points S so that the raised portion 20 fits within the distance between the two contact points S (B ⁇ A. ).
  • the contact mark or deformation of the roller 4 due to the contact with the ridge 20 causes the contact point of the roller 4 to the track groove 5 ( It is possible to avoid the occurrence at the contact point S), and it is possible to maintain good functionality and durability of the roller 4.
  • the present invention is not limited to a roller type sliding constant velocity universal joint having a roller as a rolling element, but also a ball type sliding constant velocity universal joint having a ball as a rolling element as shown in FIG. Applicable. Even in such a sliding type constant velocity universal joint, it is possible to effectively prevent the ball 53 from coming off by applying the present invention to increase the slope of the raised portion 20.
  • one body forming portion 42 of the caulking tool 40 is provided with one ridge forming portion 42.
  • the body portion 41 is formed in a ring shape, and the body forming portion 41 has a plurality of ridge forming portions 42. 42 may be provided. In that case, it is possible to form a plurality of or all of the raised portions 20 by a single caulking process.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Bearings For Parts Moving Linearly (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention has a protruding section 20 formed on an opening end-side of a track groove 5 in an outer joint member 2 through a caulking process for preventing detachment of an internal component including a rolling body and an internal joint member, wherein the track groove 5 has a cured section 31 having a surface hardness of at least HRC45, and an uncured section 32 provided in a region from the cured section 31 to an opening end of the track groove 5 and having a surface hardness of lower than HRC45, and the protruding section 20 is provided across the entirety of the uncured section 32 in the axial portion.

Description

摺動式等速自在継手用外側継手部材、及び摺動式等速自在継手Outer joint member for sliding type constant velocity universal joint, and sliding type constant velocity universal joint
　本発明は、摺動式等速自在継手用外側継手部材、及び摺動式等速自在継手に関する。 The present invention relates to an outer joint member for a sliding type constant velocity universal joint, and a sliding type constant velocity universal joint.
　自動車や各種産業機械の動力伝達系においては、駆動軸と従動軸との二軸間で、角度変位だけでなく軸方向変位も許容しながら等速で回転トルクを伝達する摺動式等速自在継手が用いられている。 In the power transmission system of automobiles and various industrial machines, sliding type constant velocity free transmission that transmits rotational torque at a constant velocity while allowing not only angular displacement but axial displacement between the drive shaft and driven shaft Joints are used.
　摺動式等速自在継手としては、例えば、図１４に示すようなローラタイプのトリポード型等速自在継手や、図１５に示すようなボールタイプのダブルオフセット型等速自在継手などが知られている。 As the sliding type constant velocity universal joint, for example, a roller type tripod type constant velocity universal joint as shown in FIG. 14 and a ball type double offset type constant velocity universal joint as shown in FIG. 15 are known. There is.
　図１４に示すトリポード型等速自在継手６０は、内周面に複数のトラック溝６５を有する外側継手部材６１と、内側継手部材としてのトリポード部材６２と、トリポード部材６２に設けられた転動体としてのローラ６３など、を備えている。この等速自在継手６０においては、ローラ６３が外側継手部材６１のトラック溝６５に沿って転動することで、ローラ６３及びトリポード部材６２を含む内部部品が外側継手部材６１に対して軸方向Ｘに移動する。なお、ここで言う「軸方向」とは、外側継手部材６１の中心軸線Ｏ、あるいはこれと平行な任意の軸線の方向を意味する。以下、同様である。 The tripod type constant velocity universal joint 60 shown in FIG. 14 includes an outer joint member 61 having a plurality of track grooves 65 on its inner peripheral surface, a tripod member 62 as an inner joint member, and a rolling element provided on the tripod member 62. Roller 63 and the like. In this constant velocity universal joint 60, the roller 63 rolls along the track groove 65 of the outer joint member 61, so that the internal parts including the roller 63 and the tripod member 62 are axially X-directional relative to the outer joint member 61. Move to. The “axial direction” referred to here means the direction of the central axis O of the outer joint member 61 or an arbitrary axis parallel to the central axis O. The same applies below.
　一方、図１５に示すダブルオフセット型等速自在継手５０は、内周面に複数のトラック溝５５を有する外側継手部材５１と、外周面に複数のトラック溝５６を有する内側継手部材５２と、外側継手部材５１と内側継手部材５２の対向するトラック溝５５，５６の間に配置された転動体としての複数のボール５３と、外側継手部材５１の内周面と内側継手部材５２の外周面との間に介在してボール５３を保持するケージ５４など、を備えている。この等速自在継手５０においては、ボール５３が外側継手部材５１のトラック溝５５に沿って転動することで、ボール５３、内側継手部材５２及びケージ５４を含む内部部品が外側継手部材５１に対して軸方向Ｘに移動する。 On the other hand, the double offset type constant velocity universal joint 50 shown in FIG. 15 has an outer joint member 51 having a plurality of track grooves 55 on its inner peripheral surface, an inner joint member 52 having a plurality of track grooves 56 on its outer peripheral surface, and an outer member. A plurality of balls 53 as rolling elements arranged between the track grooves 55 and 56 of the joint member 51 and the inner joint member 52 facing each other, and an inner peripheral surface of the outer joint member 51 and an outer peripheral surface of the inner joint member 52. It is provided with a cage 54 and the like which holds the ball 53 interposed therebetween. In the constant velocity universal joint 50, the balls 53 roll along the track grooves 55 of the outer joint member 51, so that the internal parts including the ball 53, the inner joint member 52, and the cage 54 are different from the outer joint member 51. Move in the axial direction X.
　ところで、このような摺動式等速自在継手においては、車体などへの継手取付時にローラ又はボールなどを含む内部部品が外側継手部材の開口端から抜け出ることを防止するため、特許文献１（特許第４６０９０５０号公報）では、外側継手部材の開口端面にピンを打ち込むことによって、案内溝の内面に突出部を設け、この突出部に内部部品のローラが当たるようにすることで、内部部品の抜け止めを行う抜け止め構造が提案されている。 By the way, in such a sliding type constant velocity universal joint, in order to prevent internal parts including rollers or balls from coming off from the open end of the outer joint member when the joint is attached to the vehicle body, etc. In Japanese Patent No. 4609050), a pin is driven into the opening end face of the outer joint member to form a protrusion on the inner surface of the guide groove, and the roller of the internal component is brought into contact with the protrusion, thereby removing the internal component. A retaining structure for stopping is proposed.
特許第４６０９０５０号公報Japanese Patent No. 4609050
　突出部による抜け止め力を向上させる方法の１つとして、突出部の突出量を多くすることが考えられる。しかしながら、突出部の突出量を多くすると、突出部の形成後に内部部品を外側継手部材内に挿入しにくくなるほか、内部品の挿入時にローラなどが突出部と接触することによる接触痕や変形が生じやすくなることが懸念される。そのため、単に突出量を多くするのではなく、できるだけ突出量を抑えつつも、抜け止め力を向上させる工夫が求められる。 As one of the methods to improve the retaining force by the protrusion, it is possible to increase the protrusion amount of the protrusion. However, if the amount of protrusion of the protrusion is increased, it becomes difficult to insert the internal component into the outer joint member after the protrusion is formed, and contact marks or deformation due to contact of the roller with the protrusion during insertion of the internal component may occur. There is a concern that it will easily occur. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the retaining force while suppressing the protrusion amount as much as possible, rather than simply increasing the protrusion amount.
　そこで、斯かる事情に鑑み、本発明は、抜け止め力を向上させ、内部部品の抜けを効果的に防止できる摺動式等速自在継手用外側継手部材、及び摺動式等速自在継手を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, in view of such circumstances, the present invention provides an outer joint member for a sliding constant velocity universal joint, which improves the retaining force and can effectively prevent the internal components from coming off, and a sliding constant velocity universal joint. The purpose is to provide.
　上記課題を解決するため、本発明は、内周面に転動体を収容するトラック溝が形成され、転動体を介して内側継手部材との間で角度変位及び軸方向変位を許容しながら回転トルクを伝達する摺動式等速自在継手用外側継手部材において、トラック溝の開口端側に、転動体及び内側継手部材を含む内部部品の抜け止め用として加締め加工にて形成された隆起部を有し、トラック溝は、表面硬度がＨＲＣ４５以上の硬化部と、硬化部からトラック溝の開口端に至る領域に設けられた表面硬度がＨＲＣ４５未満の未硬化部と、を有し、隆起部は、未硬化部の軸方向全体に渡って設けられていることを特徴とする。この「軸方向」とは、上述の軸方向と同様に、外側継手部材の中心軸線の方向、あるいはこれと平行な任意の軸線の方向を意味する。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention has a track groove for accommodating a rolling element formed on an inner peripheral surface thereof, and allows a rotational torque while allowing angular displacement and axial displacement with an inner joint member via the rolling element. In the outer joint member for a sliding constant velocity universal joint that transmits power, a ridge formed by caulking is formed on the opening end side of the track groove to prevent the internal parts including the rolling elements and the inner joint member from coming off. The track groove has a hardened portion having a surface hardness of HRC45 or more, and an uncured portion having a surface hardness less than HRC45 provided in a region from the hardened portion to the opening end of the track groove. Is provided over the entire uncured portion in the axial direction. The “axial direction” means the direction of the central axis of the outer joint member or the direction of any axis parallel to the central axis, like the above-mentioned axial direction.
　隆起部を未硬化部の軸方向全体に渡って設けるようにすることで、硬化部側の一部でトラック溝の隆起が拘束されるため、隆起部の勾配を大きくすることができる。すなわち、硬化部によって隆起が部分的に拘束されることで、硬化部と未硬化部との境界からの隆起が顕著となるため、隆起部の勾配が大きくなる。このように、隆起部の勾配が大きくなることで、隆起部による抜け止め力が向上し、内部部品の抜けを効果的に防止できるようになる。 By providing the raised portion over the entire axial direction of the uncured portion, the raised portion of the track groove is constrained by a portion of the hardened portion side, so the slope of the raised portion can be increased. That is, since the ridge is partially restrained by the hardened portion, the bulge from the boundary between the hardened portion and the uncured portion becomes remarkable, so that the slope of the bulged portion becomes large. By increasing the slope of the raised portion in this way, the retaining force of the raised portion is improved, and the internal parts can be effectively prevented from coming off.
　隆起部は、硬化部と未硬化部との境界から隆起が開始するように構成されてもよい。 The ridge may be configured so that the ridge starts from the boundary between the hardened part and the uncured part.
　隆起部は、例えば、外側継手部材の開口端面に加締め加工にて凹部を形成することによって形成できる。 The raised portion can be formed, for example, by forming a concave portion on the opening end surface of the outer joint member by caulking.
　転動体とトラック溝とがアンギュラ接触をなす場合は、２つの接触点の間隔内に隆起部が収まるようにすることが好ましい。このようにすることで、隆起部との接触による転動体の接触痕や変形が、トラック溝に対する転動体の接触箇所に生じるのを回避することができ、転動体の機能性や耐久性を良好に維持することができる。 When the rolling element and the track groove make an angular contact, it is preferable that the raised portion be within the interval between the two contact points. By doing this, it is possible to avoid contact marks or deformation of the rolling element due to contact with the raised portion at the contact point of the rolling element with the track groove, and to improve the functionality and durability of the rolling element. Can be maintained at.
　また、内部部品に対して、継手組付け作業時に生じ得る抜け力よりも大きな引き抜き力を作用させた場合、隆起部が内部部品の抜けを許容するようにしてもよい。この場合、外側継手部材と内部部品とを組付け後に分離することができるので、修理やメンテナンスの作業性が向上する。 Also, when a pulling force that is larger than the pulling force that can occur during joint assembly work is applied to the internal parts, the raised parts may allow the internal parts to pull out. In this case, since the outer joint member and the inner component can be separated after assembling, workability of repair and maintenance is improved.
　摺動式等速自在継手が、上記外側継手部材を備えることで、外側継手部材に対する内部部品の抜けを有効に防止できるようになる。 By including the outer joint member in the sliding type constant velocity universal joint, it becomes possible to effectively prevent the internal parts from coming off from the outer joint member.
　本発明に係る外側継手部材は、例えば、転動体としてのローラと、ローラが回転可能に装着された内側継手部材としてのトリポード部材と、を備える摺動式等速自在継手に適用可能である。 The outer joint member according to the present invention can be applied to, for example, a sliding type constant velocity universal joint including a roller as a rolling element and a tripod member as an inner joint member on which the roller is rotatably mounted.
　本発明によれば、内部部品抜け止め用の隆起部による抜け止め力を向上させ、外側継手部材に対する内部部品の抜けを有効に防止できるようになる。 According to the present invention, it becomes possible to improve the retaining force by the raised portion for preventing the internal components from coming off and effectively prevent the internal components from coming off from the outer joint member.
本発明の実施の一形態であるトリポード型等速自在継手の要部縦断面図である。It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view of the tripod type constant velocity universal joint which is one embodiment of the present invention. 図１に示すトリポード型等速自在継手の要部横断面図である。It is a principal part transverse cross-sectional view of the tripod type constant velocity universal joint shown in FIG. 図１に示すトリポード型等速自在継手の外側継手部材を開口端側から見た端面図である。It is the end view which looked at the outer side joint member of the tripod type constant velocity universal joint shown in FIG. 1 from the open end side. 隆起部の箇所で外側継手部材を軸方向に切断した要部拡大縦断面図である。It is a principal part expanded longitudinal cross-sectional view which cut|disconnected the outer joint member in the location of the protrusion part in the axial direction. 加締め工具の要部斜視図である。It is a principal part perspective view of a caulking tool. 加締め工具によって隆起部が形成される前の状態を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a state before a raised portion is formed by the caulking tool. 加締め工具によって隆起部が形成された状態を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a state in which a raised portion is formed by a caulking tool. ローラを外側継手部材に圧入している状態を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a state in which the roller is press-fitted into the outer joint member. 本発明の実施形態に係る隆起部の構成を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a raised portion according to an embodiment of the present invention. 図３に示す隆起部を拡大して示す要部拡大端面図である。It is a principal part enlarged end view which expands and shows the raised part shown in FIG. 隆起部の変形例を示す要部拡大端面図である。It is a principal part enlarged end view which shows the modification of a raised part. 隆起部の別の変形例を示す要部拡大端面図である。It is a principal part enlarged end view which shows another modification of a raised part. 比較例に係る隆起部の構成を示す縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the raised part which concerns on a comparative example. 従来のトリポード型等速自在継手の縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a conventional tripod type constant velocity universal joint. 従来のダブルオフセット型等速自在継手の縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a conventional double offset type constant velocity universal joint.
　以下、添付の図面に基づいて、本発明の実施形態について説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
　図１は、本発明の実施の一形態であるトリポード型等速自在継手の要部縦断面図、図２は、本実施形態に係るトリポード型等速自在継手の要部横断面図である。 FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an essential part of a tripod type constant velocity universal joint according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a lateral sectional view of an essential part of a tripod type constant velocity universal joint according to the present embodiment.
　図１及び図２に示すように、本実施形態に係るトリポード型等速自在継手１は、外側継手部材２と、内側継手部材としてのトリポード部材３と、転動体としてのローラ４と、を主な構成要素として備えている。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a tripod type constant velocity universal joint 1 according to this embodiment mainly includes an outer joint member 2, a tripod member 3 as an inner joint member, and a roller 4 as a rolling element. It is provided as a component.
　外側継手部材２は、一端に開口部を有するカップ状に形成された部材である。外側継手部材２の内周面には、軸方向に伸びる３つのトラック溝５が周方向に等間隔に形成されている。各トラック溝５には、互いに対向する転動体案内面としてのローラ案内面５ａが設けられている。なお、本発明に関する説明中の「軸方向」とは、外側継手部材２の中心軸線Ｏあるいはこれと平行な任意の軸線の方向Ｘ（図１参照）を意味する。 The outer joint member 2 is a cup-shaped member having an opening at one end. On the inner peripheral surface of the outer joint member 2, three track grooves 5 extending in the axial direction are formed at equal intervals in the peripheral direction. Each track groove 5 is provided with a roller guide surface 5a as a rolling element guide surface facing each other. The “axial direction” in the description of the present invention means the direction X (see FIG. 1) of the central axis O of the outer joint member 2 or any axis parallel to the central axis O.
　トリポード部材３は、中心孔６ａが設けられたボス部６と、このボス部６から半径方向に突出する３つの脚軸７と、を有している。ボス部６の中心孔６ａには、シャフト８の端部に形成された雄スプライン８ｂに対して嵌合可能な雌スプライン６ｂが形成されている。シャフト８の端部が中心孔６ａに挿入され、雄スプライン８ｂと雌スプライン６ｂとが嵌合することで、シャフト８とトリポード部材３とが一体的に回転可能に連結される。また、中心孔６ａから突出するシャフト８の端部に止め輪９が装着されることで、トリポード部材３に対するシャフト８の軸方向Ｘの抜けが防止される。 The tripod member 3 has a boss portion 6 having a central hole 6a and three leg shafts 7 projecting radially from the boss portion 6. A female spline 6b that can be fitted to a male spline 8b formed at the end of the shaft 8 is formed in the center hole 6a of the boss portion 6. The end portion of the shaft 8 is inserted into the center hole 6a, and the male spline 8b and the female spline 6b are fitted to each other, so that the shaft 8 and the tripod member 3 are integrally rotatably connected. Further, the retaining ring 9 is attached to the end portion of the shaft 8 protruding from the center hole 6a, so that the shaft 8 is prevented from coming off from the tripod member 3 in the axial direction X.
　トリポード部材３の各脚軸７には、ローラ４などから成るローラユニット１４が装着されている。ローラユニット１４は、アウタリングとしてのローラ４と、ローラ４の内側に配置されると共に脚軸３に外嵌されたインナリング１０と、ローラ４とインナリング１０との間に介在された多数の針状ころ１１と、によって構成されている。ローラ４、インナリング１０、及び針状ころ１１は、ワッシャ１２，１３によって互いに分離しないように組み付けられている。 A roller unit 14 including rollers 4 and the like is attached to each leg shaft 7 of the tripod member 3. The roller unit 14 includes a roller 4 as an outer ring, an inner ring 10 arranged inside the roller 4 and fitted on the leg shaft 3, and a large number of rollers interposed between the roller 4 and the inner ring 10. And needle rollers 11. The roller 4, the inner ring 10, and the needle roller 11 are assembled by washers 12 and 13 so as not to be separated from each other.
　また、ローラ４は、外側継手部材２のトラック溝５内に配置されている。ローラ４が、トラック溝５のローラ案内面５ａに沿って転動することで、ローラユニット１４及びトリポード部材３を含む内部部品は、外側継手部材２に対して軸方向変位する。また、脚軸７の横断面が略楕円形状に形成されていることで、ローラユニット１４は脚軸７の軸線に対して傾斜することが可能である。これにより、トリポード部材３の軸線が外側継手部材２の軸線に対して傾斜する角度変位も許容される。また、ローラユニット１４は、シャフト８の回転に伴ってトリポード部材３が回転する際、トリポード部材３と外側継手部材２との間で回転トルクを伝達するトルク伝達部材としても機能する。 Further, the roller 4 is arranged in the track groove 5 of the outer joint member 2. As the roller 4 rolls along the roller guide surface 5 a of the track groove 5, the internal parts including the roller unit 14 and the tripod member 3 are axially displaced with respect to the outer joint member 2. Further, the roller unit 14 can be inclined with respect to the axis of the leg shaft 7 by forming the cross section of the leg shaft 7 in a substantially elliptical shape. Thereby, the angular displacement in which the axis of the tripod member 3 is inclined with respect to the axis of the outer joint member 2 is also allowed. Further, the roller unit 14 also functions as a torque transmission member that transmits a rotational torque between the tripod member 3 and the outer joint member 2 when the tripod member 3 rotates as the shaft 8 rotates.
　また、本実施形態に係るトリポード型等速自在継手１は、外側継手部材２の開口部を密封するためのブーツ１５を備えている。ブーツ１５は、大径端部１５ａと、小径端部（図示省略）と、大径端部１５ａと小径端部とを連結する蛇腹部１５ｃと、から成る。大径端部１５ａは、外側継手部材２の外径面の開口端側に形成されたブーツ装着部２ｂに対してブーツバンド１６にて締め付けられることにより取り付けられる。また、小径部は、シャフト８の外径面に形成されたブーツ装着部（図示省略）に対して、別のブーツバンドにて締め付けられることにより取り付けられる。 Further, the tripod type constant velocity universal joint 1 according to the present embodiment includes a boot 15 for sealing the opening of the outer joint member 2. The boot 15 includes a large-diameter end portion 15a, a small-diameter end portion (not shown), and a bellows portion 15c that connects the large-diameter end portion 15a and the small-diameter end portion. The large-diameter end portion 15a is attached by being fastened with a boot band 16 to a boot mounting portion 2b formed on the open end side of the outer diameter surface of the outer joint member 2. The small diameter portion is attached to a boot mounting portion (not shown) formed on the outer diameter surface of the shaft 8 by being fastened with another boot band.
　以下、外側継手部材２に対する内部部品（ローラユニット１４及びトリポード部材３）の抜けを防止する抜け止め構造について説明する。 Hereinafter, a retaining structure for preventing the inner parts (the roller unit 14 and the tripod member 3) from coming off the outer joint member 2 will be described.
　図３は、外側継手部材２を開口端側から見た端面図である。 FIG. 3 is an end view of the outer joint member 2 viewed from the opening end side.
　図３に示すように、外側継手部材２のトラック溝５の開口端側には、内部部品抜け止め用の隆起部２０が設けられている。隆起部２０は、各トラック溝５の各ローラ案内面５ａに１つずつ設けられている。また、各隆起部２０が形成された箇所に対応する外側継手部材２の開口端面２ａには、隆起部２０を形成するために外側継手部材２を加締め加工した際の工具痕である凹部３０が形成されている。なお、凹部３０は、各隆起部２０に対応して１つずつ形成されている。 As shown in FIG. 3, a protrusion 20 for preventing internal parts from coming off is provided on the opening end side of the track groove 5 of the outer joint member 2. One raised portion 20 is provided on each roller guide surface 5a of each track groove 5. Further, in the opening end surface 2a of the outer joint member 2 corresponding to the location where each raised portion 20 is formed, a concave portion 30 which is a tool mark when the outer joint member 2 is caulked to form the raised portion 20. Are formed. In addition, one recess 30 is formed corresponding to each raised portion 20.
　図４は、隆起部２０の箇所で外側継手部材２を軸方向Ｘに切断した要部拡大断面図である。 FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part in which the outer joint member 2 is cut in the axial direction X at the raised portion 20.
　図４に示すように、隆起部２０は、ローラ案内面５ａよりも内側に突出している。このように、隆起部２０がローラ案内面５ａよりも内側に突出していることで、図４の二点鎖線で示すように、外側継手部材２内に組み込まれたローラ４が継手開口側へ移動したとしても、ローラ４がローラ案内面５ａから突出する隆起部２０の規制面２０ａに突き当たることで、ローラ４の移動が規制され、ローラ４及びこれを含む内部部品の外側継手部材２に対する抜けが防止される。 As shown in FIG. 4, the raised portion 20 projects inward from the roller guide surface 5a. In this way, since the raised portion 20 projects inward of the roller guide surface 5a, the roller 4 incorporated in the outer joint member 2 moves to the joint opening side as shown by the chain double-dashed line in FIG. Even if it does, the movement of the roller 4 is restricted by the roller 4 hitting the restriction surface 20a of the raised portion 20 protruding from the roller guide surface 5a, and the roller 4 and internal parts including the roller 4 are prevented from coming off from the outer joint member 2. To be prevented.
　続いて、上記隆起部２０の形成方法、及び、摺動式等速自在継手の製造方法について説明する。 Next, a method of forming the raised portion 20 and a method of manufacturing the sliding type constant velocity universal joint will be described.
　本発明の実施形態においては、隆起部２０を形成するにあたって、図５に示す加締め工具４０を用いる。加締め工具４０は、直方体形状の本体部４１と、本体部４１の長手方向の一端部に設けられた凸状の隆起形成部４２と、を有する。隆起形成部４２は、先端に向かって（図５の上方に向かって）断面幅が小さくなる断面三角形状に形成されている。 In the embodiment of the present invention, the swaging tool 40 shown in FIG. 5 is used to form the raised portion 20. The caulking tool 40 includes a rectangular parallelepiped main body portion 41 and a convex-shaped protrusion forming portion 42 provided at one longitudinal end of the main body portion 41. The ridge forming portion 42 is formed in a triangular cross-section whose cross-sectional width decreases toward the tip (upward in FIG. 5).
　このように構成された加締め工具４０の隆起形成部４２を、図６に示すように、隆起部２０が成形される前の外側継手部材２の開口端面２ａに接触させる。詳しくは、隆起形成部４２を、開口端面２ａの内側の縁に近い位置で、ただし内側の縁から離れた位置に接触させる。 The ridge forming portion 42 of the caulking tool 40 configured as described above is brought into contact with the open end surface 2a of the outer joint member 2 before the ridge 20 is formed, as shown in FIG. Specifically, the protrusion forming portion 42 is brought into contact with the opening end surface 2a at a position close to the inner edge, but at a position away from the inner edge.
　次に、図６に示す状態から、図７に示すように、加締め工具４０を図示しないプレス機などによって外側継手部材２の開口端面２ａへ押圧し、隆起形成部４２を開口端面２ａに食い込ませる。これにより、開口端面２ａに凹部３０が形成されると共に、ローラ案内面５ａの開口端側の部分が内側に突出するように塑性変形して、隆起部２０が形成される。また、このとき、加締め工具４０の本体部４１の面（図７の下面）によって、外側継手部材２の体積の移動（図７の上方への移動）が拘束されることで、隆起部２０を効果的かつ確実に内側へ突出させることができる。 Next, from the state shown in FIG. 6, as shown in FIG. 7, the caulking tool 40 is pressed against the opening end surface 2a of the outer joint member 2 by a press machine (not shown) or the like, and the ridge forming portion 42 is cut into the opening end surface 2a. Let As a result, the concave portion 30 is formed on the opening end surface 2a, and the protruding portion 20 is formed by plastically deforming the portion of the roller guide surface 5a on the opening end side to project inward. Further, at this time, the surface of the body portion 41 of the caulking tool 40 (the lower surface of FIG. 7) restrains the movement of the volume of the outer joint member 2 (movement to the upper side of FIG. 7), and thus the raised portion 20. Can be effectively and reliably projected inward.
　そして、上述の方法により、各ローラ案内面５ａに隆起部２０を形成し、全てのトラック溝５に隆起部２０を形成した後、外側継手部材２に対する内部部品の組付け（圧入）を行う。このとき、図８に示すように、ローラ４が隆起部２０に接触するが、この状態からローラ４をトラック溝５の奥側へ押し込んで相対面するローラ案内面５ａ同士を弾塑性変形によって押し広げることで、ローラ４を奥側へ挿入することができる。これにより、ローラ４がトラック溝５の奥側へ挿入され、内部部品の組付けが完了する。 Then, by the method described above, the ridges 20 are formed on each roller guide surface 5a and the ridges 20 are formed on all the track grooves 5, and then the internal parts are assembled (press-fitted) to the outer joint member 2. At this time, as shown in FIG. 8, the roller 4 comes into contact with the raised portion 20, but from this state, the roller 4 is pushed into the inner side of the track groove 5 and the roller guide surfaces 5a facing each other are pushed by elastic-plastic deformation. By unfolding, the roller 4 can be inserted to the back side. As a result, the roller 4 is inserted into the inner side of the track groove 5, and the assembly of internal parts is completed.
　ローラ４が隆起部２０を乗り越えて、トラック溝５内に組み込まれた後は、隆起部２０によってローラ４を含む内部部品の抜けが防止される。この隆起部２０による抜け止め力は、車体などへの継手組付け作業時に生じ得る抜け力以上に設定されているため、継手組付け作業時に生じる抜け力では内部部品が外側継手部材２から抜け出ることはない。 After the roller 4 has passed over the raised portion 20 and has been incorporated into the track groove 5, the raised portion 20 prevents the internal parts including the roller 4 from coming off. Since the pull-out preventing force by the raised portion 20 is set to be larger than the pull-out force that can occur during the joint assembling work to the vehicle body or the like, the internal component can come out from the outer joint member 2 by the pull-out force generated during the joint assembling work. There is no.
　一方で、継手の修理やメンテナンスを行うことを考慮すると、内部部品は外側継手部材に対して分離可能であることが好ましい。そのため、隆起部２０は、内部部品に対して継手組付け作業時に生じ得る抜け力よりも大きな引き抜き力が作用した場合に、内部部品の抜けを許容するようにしてもよい。これにより、継手組付け後においても、外側継手部材と内部部品とを分離して、再度これらを組付けることができ、修理やメンテナンスの作業性を向上させることができる。 On the other hand, considering the repair and maintenance of the joint, it is preferable that the internal parts can be separated from the outer joint member. Therefore, the raised portion 20 may allow the internal component to be pulled out when a pulling-out force larger than the pulling-out force that may occur during the joint assembly work is applied to the internal component. Thus, even after the joint is assembled, the outer joint member and the inner component can be separated and reassembled, and the workability of repair and maintenance can be improved.
　また、図４に示すように、本発明の実施形態においては、規制面２０ａの少なくとも一部にローラ案内面５ａに対して傾斜する傾斜面２０ｂを有していることで、内部部品を分離する際のローラ４の変形を抑制することができる。傾斜面２０ｂは、外側継手部材２の開口端面２ａ側からこれとは反対の軸方向奥側に向かって突出量が少なくなるように傾斜している。規制面２０ａがこのような傾斜面２０ｂを有することで、内部部品を外側継手部材２に対して分離する際に、ローラ４に対する隆起部２０の食い込みが軽減され、等速自在継手に大きな変形が生じない程度の引き抜き力でもって外側継手部材と内部部品とを分離できるようになる。 Further, as shown in FIG. 4, in the embodiment of the present invention, at least a part of the regulation surface 20a has an inclined surface 20b inclined with respect to the roller guide surface 5a, thereby separating the internal parts. The deformation of the roller 4 at that time can be suppressed. The inclined surface 20b is inclined so that the protruding amount decreases from the opening end surface 2a side of the outer joint member 2 toward the inner side in the axial direction opposite thereto. Since the regulation surface 20a has such an inclined surface 20b, when the internal component is separated from the outer joint member 2, the protrusion of the raised portion 20 with respect to the roller 4 is reduced, and the constant velocity universal joint is largely deformed. The outer joint member and the inner part can be separated with a pulling force that does not occur.
　ところで、トラック溝５は、ローラ４が転動するローラ案内面５ａを有するので、耐久性や強度を確保する必要がある。そのため、一般的に、トラック溝５には熱処理（例えば高周波焼入れ）による硬化層が形成されている。しかしながら、このような硬化層がトラック溝５の開口端にまで及ぶと、トラック溝５の開口端側に隆起部２０を形成しにくくなり、所望の突出量が得られない虞がある。また、加締め工具４０を外側継手部材２の開口端面２ａに対して押し込むときの押し込み荷重を大きくしなければならなくなり、加締め工具４０の寿命低下や、隆起部形成時に外側継手部材２の割れが生じる虞もある。なお、隆起部２０を形成してから、トラック溝５全体を熱処理することも考えられるが、その場合、熱処理するためにトラック溝５に近接して配置される加熱コイルなどの加熱装置が隆起部２０に対して干渉する懸念がある。 By the way, since the track groove 5 has the roller guide surface 5a on which the roller 4 rolls, it is necessary to ensure durability and strength. Therefore, a hardened layer is generally formed in the track groove 5 by heat treatment (for example, induction hardening). However, when such a hardened layer reaches the opening end of the track groove 5, it becomes difficult to form the raised portion 20 on the opening end side of the track groove 5, and there is a possibility that a desired protrusion amount cannot be obtained. In addition, the pushing load for pushing the caulking tool 40 into the opening end surface 2a of the outer joint member 2 must be increased, which shortens the life of the caulking tool 40 and causes cracking of the outer joint member 2 when forming a raised portion. May occur. It should be noted that it is conceivable to heat treat the entire track groove 5 after forming the raised portion 20, but in that case, a heating device such as a heating coil arranged in the vicinity of the track groove 5 for the heat treatment is a raised portion. There is a risk of interference with 20.
　そこで、このような硬化層による影響を抑制するため、図１３に示す例のように、トラック溝５の開口端側に、熱処理による硬化層Ｍが形成されない未硬化部３２を設け、その未硬化部３２に隆起部２０を形成することが望ましい。なお、ここで言う「未硬化部」とは、表面硬度がＨＲＣ４５未満の部分を意味する。また、未硬化部３２には、表面硬度がＨＲＣ４５未満であれば、全く熱処理されていない部分のほか、多少熱処理されている部分も含まれる。また、トラック溝５のうち、硬化層Ｍが形成されている硬化部３１の表面硬度は、ＨＲＣ４５以上であり、例えば本実施形態においてはＨＲＣ５７～６４に設定されている。 Therefore, in order to suppress the influence of such a hardened layer, as in the example shown in FIG. 13, an uncured portion 32 where the hardened layer M is not formed by heat treatment is provided on the opening end side of the track groove 5, and the uncured portion 32 is formed. It is desirable to form the raised portion 20 on the portion 32. The "uncured portion" here means a portion having a surface hardness of less than HRC45. Further, the uncured portion 32 includes a portion that is not heat-treated at all and a portion that is slightly heat-treated as long as the surface hardness is less than HRC45. The surface hardness of the hardened portion 31 of the track groove 5 in which the hardened layer M is formed is HRC45 or higher, and is set to, for example, HRC57 to 64 in the present embodiment.
　このように、トラック溝５に未硬化部３２を設け、未硬化部３２に隆起部２０を形成することで、硬化部３１によって隆起が拘束されることなく隆起部２０を形成することができるようになる。 Thus, by providing the uncured portion 32 in the track groove 5 and forming the raised portion 20 in the uncured portion 32, the raised portion 20 can be formed without the raised portion being constrained by the hardened portion 31. become.
　しかしながら、図１３に示す例のように、隆起部２０が硬化部３１による拘束の影響を全く受けない場合は、隆起形状が比較的になだらかになるため、隆起部２０（傾斜面２０ｂ）の勾配が小さくなる傾向にある。隆起部２０による抜け止め力は、隆起部２０の勾配に依存する。すなわち、隆起部２０の勾配が小さい場合は、ローラ４が隆起部２０を乗り越えやすくなるため、隆起部２０による抜け止め力の向上を図るには、隆起部２０の勾配を大きくすることが好ましい。一方で、隆起部２０の勾配が小さいことによる抜け止め力不足に対しては、隆起部２０の突出量を大きくすることで補うことが可能である。しかしながら、隆起部２０の突出量を大きくすると、上述のように、隆起部２０の形成後にローラ４を外側継手部材２内に組み込にくくなるほか、ローラ４が隆起部２０と接触することによる接触痕や変形が生じやすくなる。さらに、加締め工具４０を外側継手部材２に押し当てる荷重を大きくしなければならないため、加締め工具４０の寿命低下などの懸念もある。 However, as in the example shown in FIG. 13, when the raised portion 20 is not affected by the restraint by the hardened portion 31 at all, the raised shape becomes relatively gentle, and therefore the slope of the raised portion 20 (the inclined surface 20b). Tends to be smaller. The retaining force of the raised portion 20 depends on the slope of the raised portion 20. That is, when the slope of the raised portion 20 is small, the roller 4 easily gets over the raised portion 20. Therefore, in order to improve the retaining force of the raised portion 20, it is preferable to increase the slope of the raised portion 20. On the other hand, it is possible to compensate for the insufficient retaining force due to the small slope of the raised portion 20 by increasing the protruding amount of the raised portion 20. However, if the amount of protrusion of the raised portion 20 is increased, as described above, it becomes difficult to assemble the roller 4 into the outer joint member 2 after the formation of the raised portion 20, and contact due to the roller 4 coming into contact with the raised portion 20. Marks and deformations are likely to occur. Furthermore, since the load for pressing the caulking tool 40 against the outer joint member 2 must be increased, there is a concern that the life of the caulking tool 40 will be shortened.
　そのため、本発明の実施形態においては、内部部品の組付け性や隆起部の加工性を考慮しつつ、隆起部２０の突出量を大きくすることなく隆起部２０の勾配を大きくできるように、次のようにしている。以下、本発明の実施形態の構成について説明する。 Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to increase the slope of the ridge 20 without increasing the protrusion amount of the ridge 20 while considering the assemblability of the internal parts and the workability of the ridge. Like The configuration of the embodiment of the present invention will be described below.
　図９は、本発明の実施形態に係る隆起部２０の構成を示す縦断面図である。 FIG. 9 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the raised portion 20 according to the embodiment of the present invention.
　図９に示す本発明の実施形態においては、図１３に示す例と同様に、トラック溝５の開口端側に表面硬度がＨＲＣ４５未満の未硬化部３２を設け、この未硬化部３２に隆起部２０を形成している。ただし、本発明の実施形態においては、図１３に示す例よりも、硬化部３１がトラック溝５の開口端側（図の上側）へ伸びており、これに伴って、硬化部３１からトラック溝５の開口端までの未硬化部３２の軸方向長さＬ１が短くなっている（Ｌ１＜Ｌ２）。 In the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 9, similarly to the example shown in FIG. 13, an uncured portion 32 having a surface hardness of less than HRC45 is provided on the open end side of the track groove 5, and the uncured portion 32 has a raised portion. Forming 20. However, in the embodiment of the present invention, the hardened portion 31 extends toward the opening end side (the upper side in the figure) of the track groove 5 as compared with the example shown in FIG. The axial length L1 of the uncured portion 32 up to the opening end of 5 is short (L1<L2).
　また、図９に示す本発明の実施形態においては、硬化部３１が、硬化層Ｍの影響を受けずに隆起部２０が形成される範囲Ｗ２、すなわち図１３の例において隆起部２０が形成される範囲Ｗ２内に侵入している。このため、硬化部３１が侵入する範囲Ｙにおいては隆起が拘束される。その結果、隆起部２０の隆起が、硬化部３１と未硬化部３２との境界Ｊから開始されることとなる。 Further, in the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 9, the hardened portion 31 has a range W2 in which the raised portion 20 is formed without being affected by the hardened layer M, that is, the raised portion 20 is formed in the example of FIG. Has entered the range W2. Therefore, the protrusion is restricted in the range Y where the hardened portion 31 enters. As a result, the bulging of the raised portion 20 starts from the boundary J between the hardened portion 31 and the uncured portion 32.
　このように、本発明の実施形態においては、隆起部２０の隆起が硬化部３１によって部分的に拘束されることで、反対に、境界Ｊから開始される隆起が顕著となる。そして、隆起部２０の隆起が顕著となることで、隆起部２０の勾配（ローラ案内面５ａに対する傾斜面２０ｂの傾斜角度θ１）が大きくなる。すなわち、図１３に示す例の場合は、硬化部３１による拘束の影響を全く受けないことで、隆起形状が比較的になだらかになるのに対して、本発明の実施形態のように、硬化部３１によって隆起が部分的に拘束される場合は、硬化部３１と未硬化３２部との境界Ｊからの隆起の発生が顕著になるため、図１３に示す例に比べて隆起部２０の勾配が大きくなる（θ１＞θ２）。なお、隆起が部分的に拘束されることで、実際に形成される隆起部２０の軸方向領域Ｗ１は、図１３に示す例に比べて短くなるが（Ｗ１＜Ｗ２）、隆起部２０の突出量Ｔ１は、図１３に示す例と同程度、あるいはそれよりも大きく確保される（Ｔ１≧Ｔ２）。 As described above, in the embodiment of the present invention, the ridge of the ridge 20 is partially constrained by the hardened portion 31, so that the ridge starting from the boundary J becomes conspicuous. Then, as the ridge of the ridge 20 becomes noticeable, the slope of the ridge 20 (the inclination angle θ1 of the inclined surface 20b with respect to the roller guide surface 5a) increases. That is, in the case of the example shown in FIG. 13, the ridge shape becomes relatively gentle by being completely unaffected by the restraint by the hardened portion 31, whereas the hardened portion as in the embodiment of the present invention. When the ridge is partially restrained by 31, the ridge is significantly generated from the boundary J between the hardened part 31 and the uncured 32 part, so that the slope of the ridge 20 is larger than that in the example shown in FIG. It becomes larger (θ1>θ2). Although the axial region W1 of the ridge 20 that is actually formed is shorter than that in the example shown in FIG. 13 (W1<W2) because the ridge is partially restrained, the protrusion of the ridge 20 is formed. The amount T1 is secured at the same level as or larger than the example shown in FIG. 13 (T1≧T2).
　以上のように、本発明によれば、隆起部２０の勾配が大きくなることで、隆起部２０による抜け止め力が向上する。これにより、内部部品の抜けをより確実に防止できるようになり、内部部品に対して大きな抜け力が作用し得る環境にも対応できるようになる。例えば、摺動式等速自在継手を車体に取り付けるにあたって、先に車輪やその周辺部品を摺動式等速自在継手に組み付けてから、この組付け品を車体の取付部へ取り付ける場合は、車輪などの荷重が摺動式等速自在継手の内部部品に対して大きな抜け力となって作用する。このような場合においても、本発明の実施形態に係る構成を適用することで、外側継手部材に対する内部部品の抜けをより効果的に防止できるようになり、継手組付け時の作業性や安全性が向上する。 As described above, according to the present invention, the slope of the raised portion 20 is increased, so that the retaining force of the raised portion 20 is improved. As a result, it becomes possible to more reliably prevent the internal parts from coming off, and it is possible to cope with an environment in which a large pulling force acts on the internal parts. For example, when attaching a sliding constant velocity universal joint to a vehicle body, first attach the wheel and its peripheral parts to the sliding constant velocity universal joint, and then attach this assembly to the vehicle body attachment part. Such a load acts as a large pulling force on the internal parts of the sliding type constant velocity universal joint. Even in such a case, by applying the configuration according to the embodiment of the present invention, it becomes possible to more effectively prevent the internal parts from coming off from the outer joint member, and the workability and safety at the time of assembling the joint. Is improved.
　また、隆起部２０の勾配を大きくすれば、隆起部２０の突出量をそれほど多くしなくても、抜け止め力を効果的に向上させることができる。従って、本発明によれば、隆起部２０の突出量が多くなることに伴う、外側継手部材２に対する内部部品の組付け性の低下や、圧入時の隆起部２０と内部部品との接触による接触痕又は変形の発生、さらには加締め加工時の荷重が大きくなることによる加締め工具４０の寿命低下などを回避しつつ、抜け止め力を向上させることが可能である。このように、本発明においては、隆起部２０の継手奥側の形状に着目し、隆起部２０の突出量を大きくすることなく勾配を大きくすることで、内部部品の組付け性や隆起部２０の加工性を維持しつつ、内部部品抜け止め力の高い外側継手部材及び摺動式等速自在継手を実現することができる。 Also, by increasing the slope of the raised portion 20, the retaining force can be effectively improved without increasing the protrusion amount of the raised portion 20. Therefore, according to the present invention, as the amount of protrusion of the raised portion 20 increases, the assembling property of the internal component to the outer joint member 2 decreases, and the contact between the raised portion 20 and the internal component at the time of press fitting. It is possible to improve the retaining force while avoiding generation of marks or deformation, and further shortening of the life of the caulking tool 40 due to an increase in the load during caulking. As described above, in the present invention, attention is paid to the shape of the protrusion 20 on the inner side of the joint, and the slope is increased without increasing the protrusion amount of the protrusion 20, so that the assemblability of the internal parts and the protrusion 20 are increased. It is possible to realize an outer joint member and a sliding type constant velocity universal joint having high internal component retaining force while maintaining the workability of 1.
　硬化部３１の表面硬度や、硬化部３１と凹部３０との相対的距離などによっては、隆起部２０の隆起が、硬化部３１と未硬化部３２との境界Ｊからではなく、それよりも硬化部３１側から開始される場合もある。このような場合でも、硬化部３１と未硬化部３２との境界Ｊからの隆起が顕著となるため、隆起部２０の勾配が大きくなり、抜け止め力を向上させることが可能である。従って、隆起部２０の開始点は、硬化部３１と未硬化部３２との境界Ｊであってもよいし、その境界Ｊよりも硬化部３１側であってもよい。要するに、隆起部２０は、硬化部３２との間に平坦な（隆起の無い）未硬化部３２が介在することがなく、未硬化部３２の軸方向全体に渡って設けられていればよい。 Depending on the surface hardness of the hardened portion 31 and the relative distance between the hardened portion 31 and the concave portion 30, the ridge of the raised portion 20 is harder than the boundary J between the hardened portion 31 and the uncured portion 32. It may be started from the section 31 side. Even in such a case, since the protrusion from the boundary J between the hardened portion 31 and the uncured portion 32 becomes remarkable, the slope of the raised portion 20 becomes large, and the retaining force can be improved. Therefore, the starting point of the raised portion 20 may be the boundary J between the hardened portion 31 and the uncured portion 32, or may be closer to the hardened portion 31 than the boundary J. In short, the raised portion 20 may be provided over the entire uncured portion 32 in the axial direction without the flat (without ridge) uncured portion 32 being interposed between the raised portion 20 and the cured portion 32.
　また、隆起部２０の規制面２０ａは、外側継手部材２の軸方向Ｘから見て、図１０に示すような（窪みの無い）直線状のほか、図１１に示すような幅方向の端部側よりも中央側で窪んだ凹曲面状であってもよい。なお、ここで言う「幅方向」とは、図１１に示すように、外側継手部材２を軸方向Ｘと直交する面で切断した断面において、隆起部２０が形成された部分のトラック溝５の形状線に沿った方向Ｙを意味する。特に、規制面２０ａの形状が図１１に示すような凹曲面状である場合は、図１０に示す直線状の場合に比べて、隆起部２０とローラ４との接触範囲が増えるため、隆起部２０による抜け止め力が向上する。すなわち、図１０に示す例の場合は、規制面２０ａの曲率がローラ４の外周面４ａの形状である凸曲面状の曲率に近くなるため、ローラ４と規制面２０ａとの接触範囲が増え、ローラ４が隆起部２０を乗り越えて脱落しにくくなる。 Further, the regulation surface 20a of the raised portion 20 has a linear shape (without a depression) as shown in FIG. 10 when viewed from the axial direction X of the outer joint member 2, and an end portion in the width direction as shown in FIG. The shape may be a concave curved surface that is recessed on the center side rather than on the side. The "width direction" referred to here is, as shown in FIG. 11, in the cross section of the outer joint member 2 taken along a plane orthogonal to the axial direction X, the track groove 5 in the portion where the raised portion 20 is formed. It means the direction Y along the shape line. In particular, when the shape of the regulation surface 20a is a concave curved surface as shown in FIG. 11, the contact area between the raised portion 20 and the roller 4 is increased as compared with the case of the linear shape shown in FIG. The retaining force by 20 is improved. That is, in the case of the example shown in FIG. 10, since the curvature of the regulation surface 20a is close to the curvature of the convex curved surface which is the shape of the outer peripheral surface 4a of the roller 4, the contact range between the roller 4 and the regulation surface 20a increases, The roller 4 does not easily get over the raised portion 20 and fall off.
　また、図１２に示す例のように、規制面２０ａを、曲線状（凹曲面状）ではなく、直線のみ、あるいは直線と曲線とを組み合わせて形成された凹形状にしてもよい。このような形状であっても、規制面２０ａが凹形状に形成されていない比較例に比べて、規制面２０ａの形状がローラ４の外周面４ａの形状に近づくため、ローラ４と規制面２０ａとの接触範囲を広げることが可能である。 Further, as in the example shown in FIG. 12, the regulation surface 20a may not be a curved shape (concave curved surface shape) but a concave shape formed by only a straight line or a combination of a straight line and a curved line. Even with such a shape, the shape of the regulation surface 20a is closer to the shape of the outer peripheral surface 4a of the roller 4 as compared with the comparative example in which the regulation surface 20a is not formed in a concave shape, so that the roller 4 and the regulation surface 20a are formed. It is possible to widen the contact range with.
　規制面２０ａの形状を変更するには、その形状に応じて加締め工具４０の形状を適宜変更すればよい。具体的には、図５に示す加締め工具４０において、その隆起形成部４２の三角形状の二辺を構成する面４２ａ，４２ｂのうち、図の奥側の面４２ａの形状を変更すればよい。この奥側の面４２ａの形状を変更すれば、その形状が凹部３０（図１０、図１１、図１２に示す継手内径側の面３０ａ）に転写されることで、これに倣って隆起部２０の規制面２０ａを所望の形状に形成することができる。 To change the shape of the regulation surface 20a, the shape of the caulking tool 40 may be changed appropriately according to the shape. Specifically, in the caulking tool 40 shown in FIG. 5, of the surfaces 42a and 42b forming the two triangular sides of the protrusion forming portion 42, the shape of the surface 42a on the back side in the drawing may be changed. .. By changing the shape of the inner surface 42a, the shape is transferred to the concave portion 30 (the inner surface 30a of the joint inner diameter side shown in FIGS. 10, 11, and 12). The regulation surface 20a can be formed in a desired shape.
　また、図１０、図１１、図１２に示すように、ローラ４の外周面４ａとローラ案内面５ａとが、所定の接触角αをもって接触する、いわゆるアンギュラ接触する場合は、ローラ４の外周面４ａとローラ案内面５ａとが接触する２つの接触点Ｓの間隔内に隆起部２０が収まるようにすることが好ましい。ここでは、隆起部２０が２つの接触点Ｓの間隔内に収まるようにするため、凹部３０の幅寸法Ｂを、２つの接触点Ｓ同士の間隔Ａよりも小さく設定している（Ｂ＜Ａ）。このように、隆起部２０が２つの接触点Ｓの間隔内に収まるようにすることで、隆起部２０との接触によるローラ４の接触痕や変形が、トラック溝５に対するローラ４の接触箇所（接触点Ｓ）に生じるのを回避することができ、ローラ４の機能性や耐久性を良好に維持することが可能である。 Further, as shown in FIGS. 10, 11, and 12, when the outer peripheral surface 4a of the roller 4 and the roller guide surface 5a are in contact with each other at a predetermined contact angle α, that is, in a so-called angular contact, the outer peripheral surface of the roller 4 is It is preferable that the raised portion 20 is set within the interval between the two contact points S where the roller guide surface 4a and the roller guide surface 5a contact each other. Here, the width dimension B of the recessed portion 30 is set to be smaller than the distance A between the two contact points S so that the raised portion 20 fits within the distance between the two contact points S (B<A. ). In this way, by making the ridge 20 fit within the interval between the two contact points S, the contact mark or deformation of the roller 4 due to the contact with the ridge 20 causes the contact point of the roller 4 to the track groove 5 ( It is possible to avoid the occurrence at the contact point S), and it is possible to maintain good functionality and durability of the roller 4.
　また、本発明は、転動体としてローラを備えるローラタイプの摺動式等速自在継手に限らず、図１５に示すような転動体としてボールを備えるボールタイプの摺動式等速自在継手にも適用可能である。斯かる摺動式等速自在継手においても、本発明を適用して隆起部２０の勾配を大きくすることで、ボール５３の抜けを効果的に防止することが可能となる。 Further, the present invention is not limited to a roller type sliding constant velocity universal joint having a roller as a rolling element, but also a ball type sliding constant velocity universal joint having a ball as a rolling element as shown in FIG. Applicable. Even in such a sliding type constant velocity universal joint, it is possible to effectively prevent the ball 53 from coming off by applying the present invention to increase the slope of the raised portion 20.
　また、上述の実施形態では、加締め工具４０の本体部４１に隆起形成部４２が１つ設けられているが、本体部４１をリング状に形成し、その本体部４１に複数の隆起形成部４２を設けてもよい。その場合、一度の加締め加工で、複数あるいは全部の隆起部２０を形成することが可能となる。 Further, in the above-described embodiment, one body forming portion 42 of the caulking tool 40 is provided with one ridge forming portion 42. However, the body portion 41 is formed in a ring shape, and the body forming portion 41 has a plurality of ridge forming portions 42. 42 may be provided. In that case, it is possible to form a plurality of or all of the raised portions 20 by a single caulking process.
　１　　トリポード型等速自在継手（摺動式等速自在継手）
　２　　外側継手部材
　２ａ　開口端面
　３　　トリポード部材（内側継手部材）
　４　　ローラ（転動体）
　５　　トラック溝
　２０　隆起部
　３０　凹部
　３１　硬化部
　３２　未硬化部
　Ｊ　　硬化部と未硬化部との境界
　Ｓ　　接触点 1 Tripod type constant velocity universal joint (sliding type constant velocity universal joint)
2 outer joint member 2a opening end face 3 tripod member (inner joint member)
4 rollers (rolling elements)
5 Track groove 20 Raised part 30 Recessed part 31 Hardened part 32 Unhardened part J Boundary between hardened part and uncured part S Contact point

Claims (7)

  1. 　内周面に転動体を収容するトラック溝が形成され、前記転動体を介して内側継手部材との間で角度変位及び軸方向変位を許容しながら回転トルクを伝達する摺動式等速自在継手用外側継手部材において、
    　前記トラック溝の開口端側に、前記転動体及び前記内側継手部材を含む内部部品の抜け止め用として加締め加工にて形成された隆起部を有し、
    　前記トラック溝は、表面硬度がＨＲＣ４５以上の硬化部と、前記硬化部から前記トラック溝の開口端に至る領域に設けられた表面硬度がＨＲＣ４５未満の未硬化部と、を有し、
    　前記隆起部は、前記未硬化部の軸方向全体に渡って設けられていることを特徴とする摺動式等速自在継手用外側継手部材。     A track type groove for accommodating a rolling element is formed on the inner peripheral surface, and a sliding type constant velocity universal joint which transmits rotational torque while allowing angular displacement and axial displacement with the inner joint member via the rolling element. In the outer joint member for
    On the opening end side of the track groove, there is a raised portion formed by caulking for preventing internal parts including the rolling element and the inner joint member from coming off,
    The track groove has a hardened portion having a surface hardness of HRC45 or more, and an uncured portion having a surface hardness less than HRC45 provided in a region from the hardened portion to the opening end of the track groove,
    The outer joint member for a sliding constant velocity universal joint, wherein the raised portion is provided over the entire axial direction of the uncured portion.
  2. 　前記隆起部は、前記硬化部と前記未硬化部との境界から隆起が開始されている請求項１に記載の摺動式等速自在継手用外側継手部材。 The outer joint member for a sliding constant velocity universal joint according to claim 1, wherein the bulging portion starts bulging from a boundary between the hardened portion and the uncured portion.
  3. 　前記隆起部が形成された箇所に対応する開口端面に、加締め加工にて形成された凹部を有する請求項１又は２に記載の摺動式等速自在継手用外側継手部材。 The outer joint member for a sliding constant velocity universal joint according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the opening end surface corresponding to the location where the raised portion is formed has a recess formed by caulking.
  4. 　前記転動体と前記トラック溝とはアンギュラ接触をなし、２つの接触点の間隔内に前記隆起部が収まる請求項１から３のいずれか１項に記載の摺動式等速自在継手用外側継手部材。 The outer joint for a sliding constant velocity universal joint according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the rolling element and the track groove are in angular contact with each other and the raised portion is included in a space between two contact points. Element.
  5. 　前記内部部品に対して、継手組付け作業時に生じ得る抜け力よりも大きな引き抜き力を作用させた場合に、前記隆起部は前記内部部品の抜けを許容する請求項１から４のいずれか１項に記載の摺動式等速自在継手用外側継手部材。 The raised portion allows the internal component to come off when a pulling force larger than a pulling force that may occur during a joint assembly operation is applied to the internal component. The outer joint member for a sliding type constant velocity universal joint according to.
  6. 　内周面にトラック溝が形成された外側継手部材と、前記トラック溝に転動可能に配置された転動体と、前記転動体を介して前記外側継手部材との間で角度変位及び軸方向変位を許容しながら回転トルクを伝達する内側継手部材と、を備える摺動式等速自在継手において、
    　前記外側継手部材として、請求項１から５のいずれか１項に記載の外側継手部材を備えることを特徴とする摺動式等速自在継手。     Angular displacement and axial displacement between an outer joint member having a track groove formed on an inner peripheral surface thereof, a rolling element rotatably arranged in the track groove, and the outer joint member via the rolling element. In the sliding type constant velocity universal joint, which comprises:
    A sliding type constant velocity universal joint comprising the outer joint member according to any one of claims 1 to 5 as the outer joint member.
  7. 　前記転動体は、ローラであり、
    　前記内側継手部材は、前記ローラが回転可能に装着されたトリポード部材である請求項６に記載の摺動式等速自在継手。     The rolling element is a roller,
    The sliding constant velocity universal joint according to claim 6, wherein the inner joint member is a tripod member on which the roller is rotatably mounted.
PCT/JP2020/004808 2019-02-13 2020-02-07 Outer connection member for sliding-type constant velocity universal joint, and sliding-type constant velocity universal joint WO2020166506A1 (en)

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JP2009097709A (en) * 2007-09-28 2009-05-07 Ntn Corp Sliding-type constant velocity universal joint
JP2011149551A (en) * 2009-12-22 2011-08-04 Ntn Corp Tripod constant-velocity universal joint
JP2011231792A (en) * 2010-04-23 2011-11-17 Ntn Corp Sliding constant velocity universal joint, and ironing process method of outer joint member thereof
JP2015072028A (en) * 2013-10-02 2015-04-16 株式会社ジェイテクト Method of manufacturing cylindrical member with protrusion

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11336782A (en) * 1998-05-04 1999-12-07 Gkn Loebro Gmbh Constant speed push-in joint furnished with disassembly preventing means
JP2003505603A (en) * 1999-07-30 2003-02-12 エロテルム ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング Method of curing at least one surface of a component wall and apparatus for performing the same
JP2002235766A (en) * 2001-02-08 2002-08-23 Ntn Corp Tripod type constant velocity universal joint
JP2008249066A (en) * 2007-03-30 2008-10-16 Ntn Corp Tripod type constant velocity universal joint and its plastic deformation part forming method
JP2009097709A (en) * 2007-09-28 2009-05-07 Ntn Corp Sliding-type constant velocity universal joint
JP2011149551A (en) * 2009-12-22 2011-08-04 Ntn Corp Tripod constant-velocity universal joint
JP2011231792A (en) * 2010-04-23 2011-11-17 Ntn Corp Sliding constant velocity universal joint, and ironing process method of outer joint member thereof
JP2015072028A (en) * 2013-10-02 2015-04-16 株式会社ジェイテクト Method of manufacturing cylindrical member with protrusion

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