WO2020165339A1

WO2020165339A1 - Reinforcement module for an insulated concrete wall and construction method

Info

Publication number: WO2020165339A1
Application number: PCT/EP2020/053752
Authority: WO
Inventors: Stanislaus KERT
Original assignee: Kingdom Building Systems Engineering Vgmbh
Priority date: 2019-02-14
Filing date: 2020-02-13
Publication date: 2020-08-20

Abstract

The invention provides a construction system comprising an attaching element with two opposite notches, a first module (4) and a second module (4) similar or identical to the first module. Each module (4) comprises: a main direction (8); four separate bars (10) projecting along the whole module (4) with respect to the main direction (8), each bar (10) comprising at least one strip (26), several connecting plates (12) perpendicular to the main direction (8) which connect the bars (10) and which are distributed along the main direction (8), at least one of the connecting plates (12) comprises a passage (54) with an inner edge. The inner edge of the at least one of the connecting plates or strips of the bars being in the opposite notches (80) for fixation purposes. A construction method is also provided.

Description

REINFORCEMENT MODULE FOR AN INSULATED CONCRETE WALL AND

CONSTRUCTION METHOD

Technical field

The invention lies in the field of construction. More precisely, the invention provides a module forming the structure of a building, or strengthening a hardening material such as concrete. The invention also provides a construction system for a wall or a slab, and provides a heat insulation wall construction method.

Background of the invention

Smart building solutions provide modules for forming supporting portions of a building. As an alternative or in addition, the modules may strengthen concrete in which they are potted. In this context, the modules may be used as posts or as beams.

Document US20140059961 A1 discloses a prefabricated thermal insulating composite panel, an assembly thereof, a molded panel and a concrete slab comprising the same, and a method and a mold profile for prefabricating the same. The prefabricated composite thermal insulating panel comprises: two reinforcing protective layers of an inorganic noncombustible material, a core formed by a thermal insulating material, a frame with installation grooves surrounding the core and being secured onto the core, with the core being placed between the two reinforcing protective layers. The prefabricated thermal insulating composite panel has the inorganic noncombustible material incorporated onto the outside of the core of the thermal insulating material to have it covered, so as to solve the problem of the tendency of causing a fire, during the placement of the thermal insulating panels at a construction site or other places, or during the transportation or installation of the same, due to the combustible material thereof being exposed. However, the assembly of the disclosed prefabricated composite thermal insulating panel remains complicated. The documents WO 2014/126544 Al, KR 2010 0026206 A and WO 85/03966 A1 refer to construction systems.

Technical problem to be solved

It is an objective of the invention to present a module, which overcomes at least some of the disadvantages of the prior art. In particular, it is an objective of the invention to improve the strength of a construction system.

Summary of the invention

According to a first aspect of the invention a construction system is provided, said construction system comprising an attaching element with two opposite notches, said construction system further comprising a module adapted for strengthening concrete, preferably the module is a first module and the construction system further comprises a second module similar or identical to the first module, the module comprising: a main direction; four separate bars projecting along the whole module with respect to the main direction, each bar comprising at least one strip, several connecting plates perpendicular to the main direction which connect the bars and which are distributed along the main direction, at least one of the connecting plates comprises a passage with an inner edge; the inner edge of the at least one of the connecting plates, or strips of the bars, being in the opposite notches in order to attach the attaching element to the module.

Preferably, at least one of the strips comprises a strip edge, and the notch includes a bottom facing said strip edge, preferably the strip edge cooperates with said bottom, and/or the opposite notches are open in opposite direction, and/or the opposite notches comprise bottoms, each bottom being disposed toward the bottom of the other of the two opposite notches.

Preferably, the inner edge of the passage comprises opposite edges facing each other and separated by a fourth width, and strips of the bars comprise opposite edges facing each other and separated by a sixth width which is at least substantially equal to the fourth width, the attaching element extending in the fourth width and/or in the sixth width.

Preferably , the opposite notches comprise a notch width and a notch depth which is larger than the notch width, possibly at least: two times or five times as large as the notch width.

Preferably , the width of the opposite notches is equal to the thickness of the strips, or equal to two times the thickness of the at least one of the connecting plates.

Preferably , the attaching element comprises a clamping element and the first module and the second module are attached against each other by the clamping element.

Preferably, the clamping element comprises an element thickness which is larger than the minimum notch width.

Preferably, the first module and the second module each comprise ends with respect to the main directions, and side faces extending between the ends, the first module and the second module comprise an attaching interface between two ends, or between two side faces, or between one of the ends and one of the side faces, the clamping element notably crossing said interface.

Preferably , the connecting plates comprise a rectangle shape with a first side and a second side which is longer than the first side, the clamping element being in contact of the first side of a connecting plate of the first module and of the second side of a connecting plate of the second module.

Preferably , each bar comprises at least two inclined strips, said inclined strips being on each side face of the corresponding module, each side face receiving two inclined strips of two bars, the opposite notches of the attaching element being retained by two inclined strips extending on one of the side faces of the module.

Preferably , the inclined strips of each bar comprise a first strip with a first width, and a second strip with a second width which is different from the first width; on the faces of their corresponding module, the first strips are separated by a first clearance and the second strips are separated by a second clearance which is equal to the first clearance.

Preferably , the attaching element comprises a spacer comprising a main elongation, the opposite notches form a first set of opposite notches, the spacer further comprising a plurality of sets of opposite notches which are identical or similar to the first set of opposite notches, each of the bars comprise one of its strips in the notches of the set of opposite notches.

Preferably , the construction system comprises a heat insulating panel retained to the spacer, notably by a support with a hook and/or a retention surface engaging the heat insulating panel.

Preferably , the spacer is attached to the first module and the second module and delimits a separation between the first module and the second modules, said separation notably being perpendicular to the main direction, the spacer comprises at least one set of opposite notches between the first module and the second modules.

Preferably , at least one of the two opposite notches is fonned by two amis, said amis having different lengths.

Preferably , the connecting plate comprises concavities of complementary shape with the shape of the arms, the concavities and the clamping element notably being configured for allowing a sliding motion of the clamping element along the main direction of the module.

Preferably, the connecting plate comprises bosses between concavities. Preferably, at least one of the opposite notches comprises an inner protrusion, and at least one of the connecting plates comprises a nose and a recess in which the inner protrusion extends, the inner protrusion notably being formed on the longest arm.

Preferably, the module is fdled with at least one of the following fdling materials: concrete, polyurethane foam, cellulose, wood wool, or any combination thereof, optionally the filling material is a hardening material, and the at least one heat insulating panel comprises a mineral heat insulation material.

Preferably, the edges of the strip and of the connecting plate are at the same level perpendicularly to the main direction.

The passage is not an essential aspect of the invention. The inner edge is not an essential aspect of the invention. Preferably, the at least one of the connecting plates comprises a ribbon around the central passage, said ribbon being in the opposite notches in order to attach the attaching element to the module.

Preferably, the passage is a central passage.

Preferably, the spacer comprises a main elongation and two main opposite edges along the main elongation, each set of notches comprising one of its notches formed on one of the two mains opposite edges.

Preferably, the spacer comprises a main planar surface perpendicular to the main direction.

Preferably, the attaching element comprises a constant thickness and/or a symmetry.

Preferably, the attaching element crosses the passage of the at least one of the connecting plates, and/or the attaching element comprises a central portion joining the opposite notches, the inner edge of the passage encircling said central portion.

Preferably, the width of the notch is substantially smaller than the double of the thickness of the inclined strip and/or the thickness of the connecting plate.

Preferably, each bar comprises at least two inclined strip which are inclined with respect to each other, or one to one another.

Preferably, in each module, the widths and the clearances are measures perpendicularly to the corresponding main direction.

Preferably, perpendicularly to the main elongation, the inclined strips comprise different widths, and on each face the opposite strips exhibit a first distance, the opposite notches are separated of a second distance which is equal to the first distance.

Preferably, the connecting element comprises a length, a width and a thickness, the ratio of the thickness divided by the width of the notches is comprised between: 0.5 and 2; values included. Preferably, the construction system comprises a ribbed bar in one of the passages and intended to reinforce concrete, and along one of the main directions, the attaching element being disposed in one of the passages and maintaining therein said ribbed bar

Preferably, the first module comprise a first end formed by one of its connecting plate, the second module comprising two strips of two bars which are against the first end, and which are maintained there one by the connecting element, said connecting element being disposed in the passage of the connecting plate forming said first end, their main directions notably being perpendicular.

Preferably, the clamping element connects two modules which have their connecting plate at their longitudinal ends against each other, their main directions being aligned.

Preferably, the passage encloses a central hollow square extending at least on one third of the corresponding connecting plate.

Preferably, the strips comprise a strip thickness and the connecting plates comprise a plate thickness which is equal to the strip thickness.

Preferably, in each module, the side face(s) is/are parallel to the main direction.

Preferably, the module is a building module. Preferably, the notch width is a notch minimal width.

It is another aspect of the invention to provide a construction method with a construction system, the construction system comprising at least two construction modules and an attaching element with two opposite notches, an inner space, a filling material within the inner space, the modules being in the filling material, the modules comprising several connecting plates connected to bars with strips arranged at comers of a rectangle, at least one or each connecting plate comprising a passage with an inner edge, the method comprising the following steps: positioning the first module and the second module, then attaching an attaching element to the first module and possibly to the second module by means of the two opposite notches, mounting a formwork the form works on the modules, said formwork notably formed by at least two heat insulating panel, then pouring or injecting filling material in the formworks, hardening of the filling material the construction system notably in accordance with the invention.

Preferably, at step attaching, the first module is held in contact of the second module by the attaching element which is a clamping element.

Preferably, at step mounting, the formwork is attached at distance from the module by the attaching element which is a spacer.

Preferably, at step attaching, the first module is pressed against the second module by the attaching element, notably within the opposed notches.

It is another aspect of the invention to provide a construction system, said construction system comprising an attaching element with two opposite notches, the construction system further comprising a module adapted for strengthening concrete, preferably the module is a first module and the construction system further comprises a second module similar or identical to the first module, the module comprising: four separate, and notably parallel, bars projecting along the whole module, each bar comprising at least one strip, said strips comprising opposed edges facing each other, several connecting plates perpendicular to the bars, which connect the bars and which are distributed along the bars, at least one of the connecting plates comprises a passage with opposed edges facing each other; the opposed edges of the strips or of the at least one of the connecting plates being in the opposed notches, notably in order to link the attaching element to the module.

Preferably the opposed edges facing each other define a pair of opposed edges which are in the opposite notches.

It is another aspect to provide a module, said module notably being adapted to strengthen concrete, said module comprising: a main direction; four separate bars projecting along the whole module with respect to the main direction, each bar comprising inclined strips, several connecting plates perpendicular to the main direction which connect the bars and which are distributed along the main direction, at least one or each connecting plate comprises a central passage with a surface extending at least on a quarter of the area of said at least one or each connecting plates.

Preferably, the module comprises an inner section between the bars which is perpendicular to the main direction, the central passage projecting on at least the quarter of said inner section.

Preferably, at least one or each central passage extends on at least: the third or the half of the surface of the corresponding connecting plate.

Preferably, at least one or each connecting plate is thicker than the inclined strips.

Preferably, at least one or each connecting plate comprises a frame around the corresponding central passage.

Preferably, the frame comprises a ribbon with a thickness and a width, said width being smaller than the widths of inclined strips.

Preferably, at least one or each connecting plate comprises four fixation holes between the bars. Preferably, at least one or each connecting plate comprises a rectangular shape or a circular shape, the rectangle shape comprising four comers, each of said comers being associated with one of the bars.

Preferably, the inclined strips comprise fixation orifices arranged at regular intervals, the fixation orifices notably defining squares or rectangles, notably on each face of the module.

Preferably, the module comprises side apertures between the bars and the connecting plates, the side apertures being smaller than the central passages.

Preferably, the connecting plates of the module are parallel and/or identical.

Preferably, the central passage comprises a width and a length which extend, respectively, at least on the half of the width and at least on the half of the length of said at least one connecting plate. Preferably, the width of the ribbon measures at least the half of the width of one of the strips. Preferably, the module is one piece and/or monobloc.

Preferably, the module comprises at least: four, or six, or ten, or fifteen connecting plates.

Preferably, the bars are contact less.

Preferably, the bars are at distance from one another.

Preferably, the connecting plates are distributed at regular intervals.

Preferably, the module comprises a transversal direction and a longitudinal direction which are arranged perpendicularly to the main direction.

Preferably, the longest side of the module is arranged along the main direction.

Preferably, along the main direction the module comprises ends, notably opposite ends, at least one connecting plate being arranged at one of said ends.

Preferably, the strips of at least one or of each bar are inclined with respect to each other.

Preferably, the central passages of the connecting plates are aligned and communicate with each other.

Preferably, at least one, or the, or each central passage is at distance from the bars.

Preferably, the least one or each connecting plate is rectangular or circular.

Preferably, the bars are comer bars, or bars with a "U" profile,

Preferably, the central passages are identical.

It is another aspect of the invention to provide a module for constmction, said module notably being adapted to strengthen concrete, said module comprising: at least four separate bars projecting all along the module, each bar comprising inclined strips, several connecting plates perpendicular to the main direction which connect the bars and which are distributed along the main direction, the connecting plates comprising central passages and frames around the central passages, in at least one or in each connecting plate the surface of the central passage is greater than the surface of the frame.

It is another aspect of the invention to provide a module comprising: a main direction; four separate bars projecting along the whole module with respect to the main direction, each bar comprising inclined strips, several connecting plates perpendicular to the main direction which connect the bars and which are distributed along the main direction, at least one or each connecting plate comprises a central passage, the module further comprising an inner section between the bars, which is notably perpendicular to the main direction, the central passage projecting on at least the quarter of said inner section.

It is another aspect to provide a module, said module notably being adapted for strengthening concrete, said module comprising: a main direction; four separate bars projecting along the whole module with respect to the main direction, each bar comprising strips, several connecting plates perpendicular to the main direction which connect the bars and which are distributed along the main direction; at least one, or the, or each, or several, connecting plates each comprise a central passage, at least two of the several connecting plates being against and/or matting each other. Preferably, the surface of the passage, or each passage, extends on at least on a quarter of the area of the corresponding connecting plate.

Preferably, the central passages of said tow connecting plates being identical and/or

communicating with each other.

Preferably, said two connecting plates are physically in contact of each other, optionally along a planar contact interface.

Preferably, the or the two connecting plates comprise lugs fixed to the strips, and/or each bar is fixed to the lugs, optionally to two lugs of at least one connecting plate.

Preferably, the lugs projects perpendicularly to the associate frame of the associate connecting plate.

Preferably, the lugs of the two connecting plates extends in opposite directions.

Preferably, the strips of each bar are inclined with respect to each other, or two by two.

It is another aspect to provide a module, said module notably being adapted for strengthening concrete, said module comprising: a main direction; four separate bars projecting along the whole module with respect to the main direction, each bar comprising strips, several connecting plates perpendicular to the main direction which connect the bars and which are distributed along the main direction; at least one, or the, or each, or several, connecting plates each comprise a central passage, at least one or each connecting plate comprises a rectangular shape or a circular shape, the rectangle shape comprising four comers, each of said comers being in one of the bars.

Preferably, said four comers are outer comers, said outer comers being in the bars, optionally fixed in in the bars. The outer comers may be understood as outermost comers.

Preferably, the bars define recesses in which the outer comers are disposed.

Preferably, the connecting plates are totally within, and/or between, and/or encircled by, the bars.

It is another aspect of the invention to provide a support intended to maintain panels, notably heat insulating panels, on a module; the module being notably in accordance with the invention.

Preferably, the support comprises a hook intended to be fixed to a fixation hole of the module, for instance of a connecting plate.

Preferably, the support comprises retention surfaces intended to maintain the panels.

Preferably, the support comprises at least one, or at least two resilient branches.

Preferably, the support comprises a gap between the resilient branches.

Preferably, the support comprises a body.

Preferably, the resilient branches are fixed to the body.

Preferably, the body is segmented.

Preferably, the support comprises at least one, or at least two temporary holders.

Preferably, the support comprises at least one, or at least two temporary links fixed or intended to be fixed to the temporary holder(s).

Preferably, the temporary holder(s) is/are fixed to the body.

It is another aspect of the invention to provide a constmction system; notably for at least one of: a wall, a slab, a roof, stairs, and a foundation; said constmction system comprising at least one module in accordance with respect to the invention, the constmction system further comprising at least one heat insulating panel intended to be mounted on the module.

Preferably, the at least one heat insulating panel comprise a first panel and a second panel defining between them an inner space wherein the module is disposed.

Preferably, the system comprises a heat insulation block extending from the first panel to the second panel.

Preferably, the first panel is an inner panel and the second panel is an outer panel which is thicker than the inner panel, preferably at least to two times thicker than the inner panel. Preferably, the module is filled with at least one of the following materials: concrete, polyurethane foam, cellulose, wood wool, or any combination thereof, optionally the material is a hardening material, and/or the at least one heat insulating panel comprises a mineral heat insulation material. Preferably, the construction system comprises a support maintaining the at least one heat insulating panel on the module.

Preferably, the support comprises hooks fixed to the connecting plates and a retention surface mating with at least one heat insulating panel.

Preferably, the support comprises two resilient retention branches each in contact of a heat insulating panels, and a gap between the branches, the gab communicating with the environment of the construction system and the module centre, and notably with the inner space.

Preferably, the structure forms a skeleton.

Preferably, the at least one heat insulating panel is maintained by the module.

Preferably, each connecting plate has a central passage.

Preferably, at least one central passage comprises positioning notches, the construction system comprising ridged bars matting with positioning notches.

Preferably, the module is a first module with a main direction arranged vertically, the construction system further comprising a second module similar to the first module and fixed to said first module, the main direction of the second module being arranged horizontally.

Preferably, the modules of the construction system are identical.

Preferably, the central passages of the first and second modules are identical.

It is another aspect of the invention to provide a construction system; notably for at least one of: a wall, a slab, a roof, stairs, and a foundation; said construction system comprising at least one module in accordance with respect to the invention, and/or a support in accordance with respect to the invention, and possibly at least one heat insulating panel intended to be maintained on and/or against the module by the support.

Preferably, the support projects over the whole module along the main direction.

Preferably, the support comprises a main portion on the connecting plate of the module.

Preferably, the support comprises a protruding portion, notably protruding from the main portion, which is in a fixation hole of the module.

Preferably, the construction system comprises two supports at two opposite sides of the module, and possibly two other opposite supports at two other opposite sides of the module.

Preferably, the construction system comprises at least three heat insulating panels in front of three sides of the module.

Preferably, two panels are in contact of two opposite sides of the body of the support.

It is another aspect of the invention to provide a heat insulation wall construction method. The wall comprising two heat insulating panels, an inner space between the heat insulating panels, a filling material within the inner space, a module within the filling material, the module comprising several connecting plates connected to bars arranged at comers of a rectangle, at least one or each connecting plate comprising a central passage with a surface representing at least 25% of the area of said connecting plate, the method comprising the following steps: positioning the module, then mounting the heat insulating panels at two opposite sides of the module, then pouring or injecting the filling material between the heat isolation plates, the module notably being in accordance with the invention, and/or the module and the heat isolation plates form a construction system in accordance with the invention.

Preferably, during step pouring or injecting, the filling material hardens in the module and in contact of the heat insulating panels, the filling material notably being concrete. Preferably, step mounting the heat insulating panels comprises a sub-step mounting at least one outer panel, then a sub-step mounting at least one inner panel.

Preferably, the heat insulation wall construction method comprises a step positioning tubes before step pouring or injecting, and possibly before or during step mounting.

Each feature defined in relation with a central passage may generalized to the passage of a connecting plate.

The different aspects of the invention may be combined to each other. In addition, the preferable options of each aspect of the invention may be combined with the other aspects of the invention, unless the contrary is explicitly mentioned.

Technical advantages of the invention

The invention provides a modular construction system. Indeed, the identical or similar modules may be fixed together according different configurations. The number of required elements may be reduced, and the necessary skills are reduced. Thus, persons not in the construction domain may build their own house. In addition, it is easier to prepare the list of necessary modules since only one model may be used for a whole multi-storey building.

The module is lightweight and economical. Further, it permits to arrange the modules before the heat insulation is mounted, and to use the modules for positioning the insulating panels. For this reason, the construction of a passive house becomes easier and faster.

The attaching element may be used at different locations, in different kinds of interface. Its use develops the modular aspect, and a single model is compatible with all the functional surfaces of the module in accordance with the invention. Thus, the module and the element are

complementary, and allow a multiplicity of combination assemblies.

Brief description of the drawings

Several embodiments of the present invention are illustrated by way of figures, which do not limit the scope of the invention, wherein

figure 1 provides a schematic illustration of a construction system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

figure 2 provides a schematic illustration of a construction system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

figure 3 provides a schematic illustration of a connection between two modules of a construction system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

figure 4 provides a schematic illustration of a construction system forming stairs in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

figure 5 provides a schematic illustration of a construction system forming stairs in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

figure 6 provides a schematic illustration of a module receiving four heat insulating panels in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

figure 7 provides a schematic illustration of a support of a construction system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

figure 8 provides a schematic illustration of a support of a construction system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

figure 9 provides a schematic illustration of a module receiving six heat insulating panels in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

figure 10 provides a schematic illustration of a module of a construction system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention; figure 11 provides a schematic illustration of a module of a construction system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

figure 12 provides a schematic illustration of an attaching element in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

figure 13 provides a schematic illustration of a construction system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

figure 14 provides a schematic illustration of a construction system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

figure 15 provides a schematic illustration of a construction system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

figure 16 provides a schematic illustration of a construction system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

figure 17 provides a schematic illustration of an attaching element in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

figure 18 provides a schematic illustration of a construction system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

figure 19 provides a schematic illustration of a construction system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

figure 20 provides a schematic illustration of a through cut of a construction system in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

figure 21 provides a schematic illustration of a diagram of a heat insulation wall construction method in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

figure 22 provides a schematic illustration of a diagram of a construction method in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention.

Detailed description of the invention

This section describes the invention in further detail based on preferred embodiments and on the figures. Similar reference numbers will be used to describe similar or the same concepts throughout different embodiments of the invention.

It should be noted that features described for a specific embodiment described herein may be combined with the features of other embodiments unless the contrary is explicitly mentioned. Features commonly known in the art will not be explicitly mentioned for the sake of focusing on the features that are specific to the invention. For example, the construction system in accordance with the invention is evidently on the ground, even though such ground is not explicitly referenced on the figures nor referenced in the description.

Figure 1 shows a side view of a construction system 2 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. The construction system 2 forms a wall. The vertical direction V and the longitudinal direction L are provided for the sake of clarity.

The construction system 2 comprises several modules 4. Each module 4 may be one piece. Each module is formed of metal, for instance steel. Steel may be advantageous since concrete (not represented) adherence thereon may be important. Other material than metal is considered. In addition, the combination of concrete and a metal module may form a reinforced concrete. Each or at least one module 4 may comprise polymer or another suitable material. Recycled material is considered as well.

A separation 5 is provided between the modules 4. The separation 5 may receive, at least partially, a door or a window. The separation 5 is provided between the vertical modules 4 and the horizontal modules 4. By way of example, the distance between the main directions 8 of the vertical modules 4 may be of at least 60 cm, or at least 40 cm. This distance may correspond to the length of panels (not represented) mounted on the modules 4.

Thus, the modules 4 are used in order to form a wall of a building. It may also be used for building a slab or an inclined roof; horizontal or inclined as well. It may be used for the construction of a beam under a slab. The modules 4 may be used for the foundation of a building. For instance, a lower horizontal module 4 may be partially within a raft foundation 6. The portion of said lower horizontal module 4 may be used for supporting vertical modules 4 before concrete is poured around. Therefore, the horizontal orientation of the lower horizontal module 4 may be used for setting the vertical orientation of the vertical modules 4 projecting above it. Another horizontal module may be fixed on top of the vertical modules 4.

The different modules 4 may be fixed to each other by fixation means (not represented). The fixation means may comprise screws, welds, locking means.

In the current illustration, only two modules 4 are represented. However, the construction system comprises any number of modules 4. For instance, it may comprise ten, one hundred, or more modules 4. The modules may be of different lengths. The lengths of the modules 4 may be adapted during their manufacture in a plant, or be adjusted in situ during construction. Thus, a single module type may be used for a whole building. This aspect underlines the modular character of the module 4 in accordance with the invention.

In the current figure, only two vertical modules 4 are represented. However, the construction system 2 may comprise more vertical modules 4, possibly identical vertical modules 4. The current figure may correspond to a pattern which is repeated in order to form a construction system 2 in accordance with the invention.

Each module 4 comprises a main direction 8. Each main direction 8 may be along the greater dimension of the module 4. For instance, the main directions 8 of the lower horizontal module 4 and the upper horizontal module 4 may correspond to the horizontal direction. By way of illustration, the main directions 8 of the vertical modules 4 may be the vertical direction V. Each module 4 may be essentially elongated as a beam or a post. The main directions 8 may correspond to the central axes 8 of the corresponding modules 4.

At least one module 4 comprises bars 10. For instance, at least one module 4 comprise four bars 10. The bars 10 of a module 4 are parallel to each other, and notably parallel to the corresponding main direction 8. The bars 10 may be comer bars 10, notably metal comer or comer steel. Each bar 10 projects all along the corresponding module with respect to the respective main direction 8. The bars 10 are separate and distinct. They are at distance from each other within a given module 4. They may be at distance perpendicularly to the associated main direction 8., for instance with respect to the longitudinal direction L.

At least one module 4 comprises connecting plates 12. Within the respective module 4, the connecting plates 12 physically connect together all the bars 10. Thus, the bars 10 are linked to each other. Then, the bars 10 and the connecting plates 12 form a monobloc element. The bars 10 and the connecting plates 12 form a box. As such, each module 4 is essentially hollow. The connecting plates 12 are distributed along the corresponding module 4. They may be arranged at regular intervals. Some connecting plates 12 form the opposite ends 14 of the corresponding module 4. Thus, connecting plates 12 may form the ends of the bars 10.

The modules 4 comprise side apertures 16 between their bars 10. Thus, the side apertures 16 separate the bars 10 of the corresponding module 4. Within each module 4 or in at least one module 4, the side apertures 16 are separated by the connecting plates 12. The side apertures 16 are distributed along the corresponding main direction 8. The side apertures 16 and the connecting plates 12 form an altemance along the main direction 8 within at least one or each module 4. At least one connecting plate 12 has a central passage (not represented). At least one module 4 comprises several central passages on as much connecting plates 12. Each connecting plate 12 of one module 4 may comprise a central passage. Optionally, each connecting plate 12 of each module 4 of the construction system 2 comprises a central passage. At least one or each central passage allows a passage through the corresponding connecting plate 12 along the main direction 8 of the corresponding module 4.

The central passages (not represented) are perpendicular to the side apertures 16. The central passages may be larger than the side apertures 16, notably perpendicularly and/or along the associated main directions 8. At least one or each central passage (not represented) represents at least: the quarter, or the third, or the half, or 75%, of the area of the corresponding connecting plate 12. The connecting plates 12 may be identical within one module 4 or in each module 4. The central passages are identical within one module 4 or within each module 4.

As an example, the distance between two successive connecting plates 12 differs from the width and/or the thickness of the corresponding module 4. For instance, the distance between two successive connecting plates 12 is larger or smaller than the width and/or the thickness of the corresponding module 4. The thickness and the width are measured perpendicularly to each other. The modules 4 may be fixed by means of attaching elements 77 such as clamping elements 78. The clamping elements 78 may form rods extending perpendicularly to the current figure, or parallelly. The clamping elements 78 are adapted for attaching two modules 4 to each other. The clamping elements 78 are configured for retaining one end 14 to the side face of another module 14. They are also adapted for attaching the modules 4 end-to-end, such that the connecting plates 12 forming their ends are parallel and against each other. Their main directions 8 may coaxial.

The modules 4 may be joined and/positioned with respect to each other by means of attaching element 77 such as a spacer 79. The spacer 79 may joint two vertical modules 4, and may be parallel to a third module 4. The spacer 79 may replace a module 4, for instance the upper module 4.

Features defined in relation with one of the modules 4 or at least one module 4 may be applied to all the modules of the construction system 2.

Figure 2 shows a view of a construction system 2 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. The construction system 2 may form a wall. The vertical direction V is provided for the sake of clarity. A transversal direction T and a longitudinal direction F are represented. The directions F, T, V may be perpendicular to each other.

The construction system 2 in accordance with figure 2 may be substantially similar to the one in relation with figure 1. It may essentially differ due to the connection between the modules 4.

Each horizontal module 4 may be arranged between two separations 5. Similarly, each vertical module 4 may be arranged between two separation 5. The separations 5 may form recess in the construction system 2. The modules 4 may be identical.

In the current embodiment, two vertical modules 4 are connected by means of their respective ends 14. The vertical modules 4 may be in contact of each other, notably through their connecting plates 12 forming the corresponding ends 14. The main directions 8 of the two vertical modules 4 may be parallel, and their central axes 8 may be aligned.

The construction system 2 may comprise at least one or at least two horizontal modules 4 connected to the lower vertical module 4. The construction system 2 may comprise at least two horizontal modules 4 (not represented) along the longitudinal axis F, and at least two horizontal modules 4 along the transversal axis T which are also connected to the lower vertical module 4. Then, the four horizontal modules 4 may form a cross in a top view. i z

The connecting plates 12 of the horizontal modules 4 forming their facing ends 14 may be fixed, and in contact of the lower vertical module 4. Thus, the lower vertical module 4 may connect the horizontal modules 4 to each other, for instance as a keystone. The connecting plates 12 of the horizontal modules may be fixed to the lower vertical module 4 and/or of the upper vertical module 4.

Within at least one module, namely a first module, the distance D between two successive connecting plates 12 may be equal to the width W of a module 4 fixed thereon, namely a second module 4. Thus, the central passage of the connecting plates 12 of the second module may communicate with the side apertures 16, possibly directly. The side apertures 16 and/or the bars 10 may be at distance from the central passages.

The distance D may be measures along the main direction 8, and the width W may be measured perpendicularly to said main direction 8.

The central passages (not represented) may be perpendicular to the side apertures 16. The central passages may be larger than the side apertures 16, notably perpendicularly and/or along the associated main directions 8. At least one or each central passage (not represented) may represent at least: the quarter, or the third, or the half, or 75%, of the area of the corresponding connecting plate 12. The connecting plates 12 may be identical within one module 4 or in each module 4. The central passages may be identical within one module 4 or within each module 4.

Consequently, a materiel injected or poured or blown in the construction system 2 may

homogeneously fill empty space. Thus, a hardening material provides a better strength. A heat insulating material improves the heat insulation of the construction system 2, and may avoid thermal bridges.

In addition, the construction system 2 becomes more modular. A module 4 may be used as in a vertical or in a horizontal position. A horizontal module 4 may be fixed on top or on one side of an adjacent vertical module 4.

The connection at the ends 14 is easier, and remains compact. Thus, the connection node 18 remains hollow. This may benefit to the insulation, the strength, and eases the arrangement of tubes for electric wires or water pipes. In addition, the invention enables cost savings, and remains easy to assemble with a low skilled staff.

In one embodiment of the invention, figure 2 may correspond to a horizontal construction system, notably used for a slab, or a roof with a slope.

Figure 3 provides a schematic illustration of a portion of a construction system 2 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. The portion may correspond to a portion of figure 2. The vertical direction V, the transversal direction T and the longitudinal direction L are represented in order to ease orientation. The directions L, T, V may be perpendicular to each other.

The construction system 2 may be similar or identical to the one of figure 2, however only two modules 4 are represented and described for the sake of clarity.

Four panels 20 are represented in dotted lines. The panels 20 may be heat insulating panels. The panels 20 may comprise mineral heat insulating material, such as the material described in the document EP 2 039 664 B 1. The panels 20 may be fixed to at the modules 4, for instance at least to the vertical module 4. The panels may have the same length and the same height. By way of illustration, the panels may have a length along the longitudinal direction L of 60 cm, and a height of 40 cm along the vertical direction V.

The panels 20 may exhibit an interface 22, possibly a vertical interface 22, for instance between the panels 20 on the left side and the panels 20 on the right side. Similarly, a horizontal interface may be identified between the upper and the lower panels. The interface 22 may be aligned with the main direction 8, and possibly the central axis of the vertical module 4. The construction system 2 may comprise a support 24. The support 24 may be used for connecting, at least temporarily, the panels 22. The support 24 may engage the connecting plates 12, notably between the bars 10. The support 24 may be disposed through the interface 22, notably the vertical interface. The support 24 may extend on the whole height of the module 4, notably the vertical module 4.

In spite that only one support 24 is represented, the construction system 2 may comprise several supports 24, for instance two by module 4, or two by vertical module 4.

Two connecting plates 12 of the vertical module 4 are represented. The connecting plates 12 may be parallel. These connecting plates 12 may be perpendicular to the main direction 8. The vertical spacing between these connecting plates 12 may correspond to the vertical thickness of the horizontal module 4. The upper connecting plate 12 may form the end 14 of the vertical module 4, wherein said end 14 is considered along the main direction 8 of the vertical module 4. The upper connecting plate 12 may be flush with the upper tips of the bars 10. The connecting plates 12 may be flat. They may have a first thickness Tl, possibly a constant thickness.

The bars 10 may be comer bars, also known under comer steel. The bars 10 may each comprise at least two strips 26, for instance inclined strips 26. The strips 26 of at least one or each bar 10 may be inclined with respect to each other about the main direction 8 of the corresponding module 4. Therefore, the strips 26 may defines the outer ridges of the modules 4. The strips 26 may form wings.

The side apertures 16 may be delimited by the strips 26, more precisely by their opposed edges 28. At least one or each module 4 may comprise fixation orifices 30. The fixation orifices 30 may be on the bars 10, for instance on the strips 26. The fixation orifices 30 may be arranged on the four faces (only one represented by module) of the modules 4. The orifices 30 may be distributed on all the strips 26. The fixation orifices 26 may be arranged according to a pattern. The fixation orifices 30 may define rectangles, and notably squares.

Thus, the modules 4 may be fixed in different ways. For instance, the modules 4 may be fixed parallelly, or perpendicularly, by arranging their strips 26 against each other. Fixation means, such as screws, may be introduced in the fixation orifices 30 in order to lock the construction system 2. As an alternative or in addition, the modules 4 may be fixed by means of a wedge device 32. The wedge device 32 may comprise a wedge element 34 with a slight width reduction, and a wedge key 36 in abutment with the connecting plate 12 of the horizontal module 4. The wedge key 34 may comprise a slot (not represented) in which the wedge element 34 is disposed. By forcing the engagement of the latter in the slot, the modules 4 are pressed against each other, and their respective positions may be fixed.

Thus, the use of a wedge device 32 may ease the assembly of the construction system 2. In addition, the required tools are limited, as the necessary skills. Further, the construction may be progressively tightened, and easily unlocked.

In order to ease the assembly, a transversal pin 40 may be used. The transversal pin 40 may be maintained to fixation orifices 30 of a face perpendicular to the front face represented in the current figure. The transversal pin 40 may support the horizontal module 4 before the wedge device 32 or the screws are sufficiently tightened.

The connecting plate 12 of the horizontal module 4 may comprise a central passage (not represented). This central passage may communicate with a side aperture 16 on the side face 38 which receives the end 14 of the horizontal module 4. The central passage may extend on at least: a quarter, a third, or a half, or 75% of the corresponding connecting plate 12. The central passage may be centred with respect to the side aperture 16 on the side face 38, and may be greater.

Thus, construction material may flow across the central passage, and across the side aperture 16 placed in front of it. A continuous passageway may be preserved. Then, the construction material may homogeneously fill the construction system, and the construction method becomes more predictable.

In the current schematic illustration, a horizontal module 4 is fixed on a side of a vertical module 4. However, as an alternative, the horizontal module 4 may be arranged upside the vertical one.

Figure 4 provides a schematic illustration of a construction system 2 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. The vertical direction V, the transversal direction T and the longitudinal direction L are represented.

The construction system 2 forms stairs 3. In the current embodiment, three steps are represented, however the stairs 3 may comprise more steps.

The construction system 2 comprises several modules 4. The modules are similar or identical to those as described in relation with any one of figures 1 to 3. Each module 4 comprises connecting plates 12 and bars 10. The bars 10 define between them side apertures 16. The connecting plates 12 have central passages 54 which each represent at least: a quarter, a third, or a half, of the area of the corresponding connecting plate 12.

The construction system 2 comprises a lower module which is inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction L and the vertical direction V. Its main direction 8 is enclosed in a plane along the longitudinal direction L and the vertical direction V. This module 4 is referred to as an "inclined module". In spite that a single inclined module is represented, the construction system 2 actually comprises additional, parallel and identical inclined modules.

The construction system 2 further comprises several modules 4 with main directions 8 which are along the transversal direction T. These modules 4 are referred to as "transversal modules".

The transversal modules are received on the inclined module(s) by means of triangular adaptors 51, or angular adaptors. These adaptors 51 are fixed to the bars 10, and notably to the fixation orifices of the inclined strips. These adaptors 51 allow that the upper faces of the transversal modules are horizontal in spite of the angle followed by the inclined module (s).

As an option, after assembly, concrete or any other construction material may be applied to the construction system 2 in order to fill the modules 4 and to form the steps.

As an alternative, a triangular adaptor 51 is fixed at the ends of modules in order to form an inclined roof. Its angle is adapted to the desired profile of the roof.

Figure 5 provides a schematic illustration of a construction system 2 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. The vertical direction V, the transversal direction T and the longitudinal direction L are represented.

The construction system 2 comprises several modules 4. The modules are similar or identical to those as described in relation with any one of figures 1 to 3. Each module 4 comprises connecting plates 12 and bars 10. The bars 10 define between them side apertures 16. The connecting plates 12 have central passages 54 which each represent at least: a quarter, a third, or a half, of the area of the corresponding connecting plate 12. The side apertures 16 communicate with the central passages 54 of the connecting plates 12 forming the ends 14. Thus, a filling material flows easily.

The construction system 2 comprises a lower module which is inclined with respect to the longitudinal direction L and the vertical direction V. Its main direction 8 is contained in a plane along the longitudinal direction L and the vertical direction V. This module 4 is referred as "inclined module". In spite a single inclined module is represented, the construction system 2 may comprise additional and parallel inclined modules. The construction system 2 further comprises several modules 4 with main directions 8 which are along the transversal direction T. These modules 4 are referred as "transversal modules".

The transversal modules are fixed to a side face 38 of the inclined module. The ends 14 of the transversal modules are fixed to the bars 10 of the inclined module. The plates 12 forming the ends 14 of the transversal modules are fixed to the strips of the bars 10 of the inclined module 4.

Therefore, the fixation orifices of bars are fixed to the openings of the connecting plates 12 at the ends 14. The arrangement of the fixation orifices and the orifices may be adapted such that the transversal modules exhibit horizontal upper faces.

Figure 6 provides a schematic illustration of a top view of a construction system 2 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. For the sake of clarity, only one module 4 is represented. Said module 4 may be a vertical module 4 since its main direction 8 is arranged vertically, namely along the vertical direction V. A transversal direction T and a longitudinal direction L are represented.

The construction system 2 in accordance with figure 4 may correspond to the construction system 2 described in relation with any one of figures 1 to 5, and combinations thereof.

In the current figure, only four panels 20 are represented. The two panels 20 on the upper side of figure 4 may be outer panels, intended to be outside the building. The two panels 20 on the lower side of the figure may be inner panels. They are inside the building, for instance toward a room built by the current construction system 2. The thickness To of the outer panels 20 is larger than the thickness Ti of the inner panels 20; for instance, at least two or three times greater.

This configuration favours the heat insulation from outside while easing the setting up of networks, for instance for electric wiring and water supply.

As an option, the outer panels 20 are covered by an outer layer 42. The outer layer 42 forms a facade, for instance made of wood, glass, metal, polymer, or any protective coating.

As an option, the inner panels 20 are covered with an inner layer 44. The inner layer 44 may comprise plaster, also known as "gypsum" .

The inner panels 20 and the outer panels 20 are spaced from each other by the module 4, and notably by an inner space 46 through which the module 4 extends vertically. Other modules (not represented) may be disposed in said inner space 46. The panels 20 are used as formworks for filling material 48 such as concrete. Other materials, such as polyurethane foam, may be used. The filling material 48 densifies the inner space 46. The filling material 48 fills the central passage 54. In the current figure, only a portion of the construction system 2 is filled for the sake of clarity. However, it should be understood that the filling material 48 is adapted for filling the whole free space between the panels 20, and the whole section 56. All the inclined strips 26 may be covered by the filling material, possibly over the majority of their surfaces.

As an option, a block 49 is arranged in the inner space 46. The block 49 is at distance from the module 4. The block 49 extends from the inner panels 20 to the lower panels 20. The block 49 may comprise heat insulating material. It comprises the same material as the panels 20. It may be disposed in the middle of the panels 20 between which it is arranged. Then, the use of the block 49 reduces the pressure against the panels 20 which occurs when the filling material 48 is poured or injected. In addition, the block 49 increases the overall thermal resistance of the construction system 2 along the transversal direction T.

As apparent from figure 6, two supports 24 are introduced in the vertical interfaces 22 between the panels 20. Thus, the supports 24 prevent filling material leakages. In addition, the supports 24 comprises retention surfaces 50 engaging the edges of the panels 20 in order to link them to the module 4, and possibly to the stacked connecting plates 12 (only one represented). Their widths are adapted to the thicknesses Ti and To of the panels.

The supports 24 comprise resilient portions engaging at least one panel 20. The resilient portions may be resilient branches 52. The retention surfaces 50 are formed on the resilient branches 52.

The resilient aspect allows an easier positioning of the panels 20. It also improves the leak tight character. The use of resilient branches 52 allows to control the width of a gap 53 between said branches.

The connecting plate 12 has a rectangle shape. Its outline 55 describes a rectangle.

The connecting plate 12 comprises a central passage 54, for instance rectangular too. The central passage 54 may be along the main direction 8. The area of the connecting plate 12 may be defined by its outline 55, which in the current embodiment, forms a rectangle. The area of the connecting plate 12 may be calculated by multiplication of the outer dimensions along the transversal direction T and the longitudinal direction L.

Along the transversal direction T, the width of central passage 54 represents at least the half of the width of the connecting plate 12. Along the longitudinal direction L, the length of central passage 54 represents at least the half of the length of the connecting plate 12. The area of the central passage 54 may represent at least: 10%, or 25% or 33%, or 50% or 75% of the area of the connecting plate 12.

A central passage 54 representing at least 25% of the connecting plate 12 generally corresponds to a situation where the central passage 54 extends on the half of the width and of the length of the connecting plate 12. Consequently, a wide passage is provided for the filling material 48 which simply reaches the bottom of the module 4. The at least 25% feature, corresponding to the at least one quarter feature, ensures advantageous flow conditions.

The module 4 comprises a section 56. The section 56 is defined perpendicularly to the main direction 8. The section 56 may be an inner section 56 of the module 4. The inner section 56 defines an inner passage between the bars 10. The section 56 is the section 56 of the connecting plate 12. The section 56 may be inscribed in the bars 10; and/or between the bars 10. The sides of the section 56 is drawn by the strips 26. The section 56 may be a rectangle, with comers matting with the bars 10. The comers are outer comers. In the current configuration, outer comers may be understood as outermost comers. The bars 10 separate the connecting plates from the outer edges, along the direction 8, of the module 4. By way of example, the section 56 may match the outline 55. The central passage 54 may extend on at least: 10%, or 25% or 33%, or 50% or 75% of the section 56.

This geometry fosters a building material flow, and guaranties a required filling throughout the constmction system 2. The contact surface between the filling material 48 and the module 4 steps up.

The module 4 may comprise fixation holes 58, for instance at least four fixation holes 58. The fixation holes 58 may be rectangular. The fixation holes 58 may be arranged between the bars 10, notably a distance from the strips 26. The fixation holes 58 may be centred on the sides of the connecting plate 12. The fixation holes 58 may be formed on the connecting plate 12, and may cross it along the main direction 8. The supports 24 may be fixed to the fixation holes 58.

The connecting plate 12 comprises a frame 60, for instance a rectangular frame. The frame 60 may delimit the central passage 54. The frame 60 encircles the central passage 54. The frame 60 may comprise four segments extending from one bar 10 to another bar 10. The fixation holes 58 may be formed on the frame 60. The area of the frame 60 may represent at most: 50%, or 40%, or 30%, or 20%, of the area of the connecting plate 12. In the current embodiment, the connecting plate 12 forms a rectangle, however it could form a square or a parallelogram. Other shapes are considered. Other numbers of sides and comers are considered.

Only one module 4 is mentioned. However, the current teaching may apply to all the modules 4 of the construction system 2. Similarly, only one connecting plate 12 is apparent. However, the current teaching may apply to all the connecting plate of the represented module, and possibly to all the modules of the construction system 2.

Figure 7 provides a schematic illustration of a construction system 2 with a support 24 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. The vertical direction V, the transversal direction T and the longitudinal direction L are represented. In the current embodiment the vertical direction V may correspond to the main direction 8 of a module on which the support 24 is hanged up.

The construction system 2 in accordance with the current embodiment may be similar or identical to the one as described in relation with any one of figures 1 to 6. It may differ in that the construction system exhibits a body 62, which may replace an element, or which may be added to other elements.

The support 24 may comprise a body 62. The body 62 may be elongated along the main direction 8. The body 62 may be segmented vertically. It may be fixed to the resilient branches 52 of the support 24. For this purpose, fixation means 64 such as screws may be used. The body 62 may comprise wood, or timber. The body 62 may increase the width of the interface 22 between the panels 20. The panels 20 may be in contact of the body 62 along the longitudinal direction L in order to set the distance between the panels 20. Consequently, the positioning of the panels 20 is more accurate along the whole height of the module 4.

The body 62 may receive a layer 43, such as inner layer or an outer layer as described in relation with figure 4. The layer 43 may be fixed to the body 62; for instance: by screws, glue, hooks or any equivalent means. The layer 43 may comprise retention surfaces 50 engaging the panels 20. Thus, other assembly solutions are provided. In addition, the layer 43 may be used to strengthen the panels 20, and may be used to maintain them before concrete; or any other construction material; is poured, or injected, or blown, in the inner space 46.

The support 24 may comprise a main portion 66, for instance from which the resilient branches 52 project. The main portion 66 may be in contact of the connecting plate 12. The main portion 66 may be on the frame 60. The support 24 may comprise a protruding portion 68. The protruding portion 68 may protrude from the main portion, for instance downward. The protruding portion 68 may form a hook. The protruding portion 68 may cross the connecting plate 12, for instance through the fixation hole 58. Thus, the support 24 may be linked and maintained to the module 4. As an option, the support 24 may comprise as much protruding portions 68 as connecting plates 12.

Figure 8 provides a schematic illustration of a construction system 2 with a support 24 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. The vertical direction V, the transversal direction T and the longitudinal direction L are represented. In the current embodiment the vertical direction V may correspond to the main direction 8 of a module on which the support 24 is hanged up.

The construction system 2 in accordance with the current embodiment may be similar to the one as described in relation with any one of figures 1 to 7. It may differ in that the construction system exhibits a body 62, which may replace an element, or which may be added to other elements.

The support 24 may comprise a main portion 66, for instance from which the resilient branches 52 project. The main portion 66 may be in contact of the connecting plate 12 of the module 4. The main portion 66 may be on the frame 60. The support 24 may comprise a protruding portion 68.

The protruding portion 68 may protrude from the main portion, for instance downward. The protruding portion 68 may form a hook. The protruding portion 68 may cross the connecting plate 12, for instance through the fixation hole 58.

The support 24 may comprise a body 62. The body 62 may be elongated along the main direction 8. The body may be segmented vertically. The support 24 may receive temporary holders 65. For this purpose, fixation means 64 such as screws may be used. The temporary holders 65 may be resilient.

The fixation means 64 may be reversible fixation means in order to remove the temporary holders 65 after application of filling material (not represented) in the inner space 46. The body 62 may comprise wood, or timber. The body 62 may increase the width of the interface 22 between the panels 20. Further, temporary links 67 may be used to temporary maintain the panels 20. The temporary links 67, for instance of wood, may be fixed to the temporary holders 65 by means of fixation means 64. The temporary links 67 may be horizontal bars, with a height reduced with respect to the height of the panels 20. The temporary links 67 may project over the whole longitudinal length of the corresponding panel, and may be fixed to another temporary holder 65 or said corresponding panel.

Thus, the panels 20 may be mounted after fixation of the temporary links 67. Thus, inner panels and outer panels may each be mounted from inside, which confirms that outer scaffolding becomes unnecessary in the context of the invention. Then, the invention offers costs savings and an improved safety.

After hardening of a filling material, the fixation means 64, the temporary holders 65 and the temporary links 67 may be removed, and stored until another use at another location of the construction system 2, for instance at an upper location. Then, waste is reduced through the invention.

In the current description, the support 24 is described as a vertical support 24. However, it may be deduced from the current description that the support may also be used as a horizontal support, notably below the panels 20.

Figure 9 provides a schematic illustration of a top view of a construction system 2 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. For the sake of clarity, only one module 4 is represented. Said module 4 may be a vertical module 4 since its main direction 8 is arranged vertically, namely along the vertical direction V. A transversal direction T and a longitudinal direction L are represented.

The construction system 2 in accordance with the current embodiment may be similar to the construction system 2 as described in relation with any one of figures 1 to 8, and combinations thereof.

In the current figure, only four panels 20 are represented. These four panels 20 may be main panels 20. The two panels 20 on the upper side of figure 4 may be outer panels, intended to be outside of the building. The two panels 20 on the lower side of the figure may be inner panels. They may be inside the building, for instance toward a room built by the current construction system 2.

On the left side, a side panel 21 may project from an inner panel 20 to an outer panel 20. It may close the left side of the inner space 46. It may be used as formwork against which filling material 48 may be poured, injected, or blown. The side panel 21 may be received by the body 62 of the left support 24 which is maintained in the left fixation hole 58. It may be at distance from the module 4. It may be used for fixing a window or a door as well. The window or a door may be screwed in the body 62 through the side panel 21. The interface 22 between the outer panels 20 may be filled by a transversal panel 23. The transversal panel 23 may be in contact of the outer panels 20 at each side of the interface 22. The transversal panel 23 may be in contact of the body 62 of the support 24 on the upper side of the figure. Thus, it may close a thermal bridge. The transversal panel 23 may replace the fixation means, the temporary holders and the temporary links after removal.

As an option, the outer panels 20 and the transversal panel 23 may be covered by an outer layer 42. The outer layer 42 may form a facade, for instance made of wood, glass, metal, polymer, or any protective coating.

As an option, the inner panels 20 may be covered with an inner layer 44. The inner layer 44 may comprise plaster, also known as "gypsum" .

The side panel 21 may comprise the same material as the main panels 20, as an option the transversal panel 23 too. The side panel 21 may be covered by the outer layer 42 and/or the inner layer 44.

The inner panels 20 and the outer panels 20 may be spaced from each other by the module 4, and notably by an inner space 46 through which the module 4 extends vertically. Other modules (not represented) may be disposed in said inner space 46. The panels 20 may be used as formworks for filling material 48 such as concrete. Other materials, such as polyurethane foam, may be used. The filling material 48 may densify the inner space 46. The filling material 48 may fill the central passage 54. In the current figure, only a portion of the construction system 2 is filled for the sake of clarity. However, it should be understood that the filling material 48 may fill the whole free space between the panels 20. It may be in contact of the bars 10, and may cover at least one or the two faces of each inclined strip 26.

The construction system 2 may comprise a block, notably as described in relation with figure 6.

The block may be maintained in position by a support (not represented) which is fixed to the fixation hole 58 on right side of the figure. This right support may be symmetrical to the support 24 on the left which receives the side panel 21. Thus, the right support may maintain the block. The block may be an insulating block received in the inner space 46 between the outer panels 20 and the inner panels 20.

Figure 10 provides a schematic illustration of a connecting plates 12 of a module 4 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention.

The module 4 in accordance with figure 10 may be identical or similar to the module 4 described in relation with any one of figures 1 to 9, and combinations thereof.

The connecting plate 12 presents a rectangle profile. Its outline 55 describes a rectangle.

The connecting plate 12 comprises a central passage 54, for instance rectangular too. The central passage 54 is centred on the central axis 8 of the module 4 and/or of the connecting plate 12. The centre of the central passage 54 is on the central axis 8. The area of the central passage 54 represents at least: 10%, or 25% or 33%, or 50% or 75% of the area of the connecting plate 12. The area of the connecting plate 12 is the area within the outline 55, which in the current embodiment, forms a rectangle. The area of the connecting plate 12 is calculated by multiplication of its outer dimensions along the transversal direction T and the longitudinal direction L.

The connecting plate 12 exhibits a first dimension along the longitudinal direction L, notably a length; and a second dimension along the transversal direction T, notably a width. The first dimension is larger than the second direction. Consequently, the module 4 sets different spacings between the panels (not represented) it receives. As an example, the length may be of about 0,2 m, and the width may be of about 0, 15 m.

The module 4 may comprise a section 56. The section 56 is an inner section 56. The inner section 56 is defined perpendicularly to the main direction 8. The inner section 56 is the section 56 of the connecting plate 12. The inner section 56 is inscribed in the bars 10; and/or between the bars 10. The sides of the inner section 56 are drawn by the strips 26 of the bars 10. The inner section 56 is a rectangle with comers at the inner nooks 57 of the bars 10. By way of example, the section 56 may correspond to the outline 55. The central passage 54 extends on at least: 10%, or 25% or 33%, or 50% or 75% of the section 56.

This geometry fosters a building material flow, and guaranties a required filling throughout the construction system 2.

The module 4 comprises fixation holes 58, for instance at least four fixation holes 58 as in the current representation. The fixation holes 58 are arranged between the strips 26, at distance from the edges 28. The fixation holes 58 are centred on the sides of the frame 60. The fixation holes 58 are formed on the frame 60, and may cross it along the main direction 8.

Each bar 10, and possibly each strip 26, exhibits a fixation orifice 30; possibly between two successive connecting plates 12.

The frame 60 is rectangular. The frame 60 forms a closed loop. The frame 60 touches the central passage 54. The frame 60 encircles the central passage 54. The frame 60 comprises four ribbons 61 extending from one strip 26 to another strip 26. The fixation holes 58 are formed on the frame 60. The surface of the frame 60 represents at most: 50%, or 40%, or 30%, of the area of the connecting plate 12. It is understood that the area of the connecting plate 12 is equal to the addition of the surfaces of the central passage 54 and of the frame 60.

The surface of the ribbons 61 ; notably of the frame 60, is smaller than the surface of the central passage 54. The surface of the central passage 54 is at least two times larger than the surface of the ribbons 61; notably of the frame 60.

The construction system 2 comprises at least one positioning notch 70. The positioning notches 70 are formed on the connecting plate 12, for instance at the frame 60. The positioning notches 70 form recesses in the ribbons 61. The positioning notches 70 are part of the central passage 54. They are used for positioning ridged bars 72, or rebars. These ridged bars 72 are used for reinforcing further concrete.

The area of the frame 60 is smaller than the area of the central passage 54. The central passage 54 is greater than each or at least one side aperture 16.

The strips 26 comprise longitudinal strips along the longitudinal direction L, and transversal strips along the transversal direction T. The strips 26 of the bars 10 are perpendicular. At least one or each bar comprises a transversal strip and a longitudinal strip perpendicular to the transversal strips. Thus, all the strips 26 of the module 4 form two sets of parallel strips: strips parallel to the transversal direction T, and strips parallel to the longitudinal direction L.

The frame 60 may exhibit a frame width FW. The frame width FW may be equal to the width of the ribbons RW. The transversal strips 26 of the bars 10 may exhibit a first width W1 measured along the transversal direction T. The longitudinal strips 26 of the bars 10 may exhibit a second width W2 measured along the longitudinal direction L. The second width W2 may be greater than the first width W 1. The frame width FW may be smaller than the second width W2 and/or the first width W 1. The frame width FW may represent at least the half the first width W 1 , notably in order to preserve stiffness of the connecting plate 12.

The transversal strips and the longitudinal strip may have a second thickness T2. The second thickness T2 may be smaller than the first thickness T1 (not represented) of the connecting plate.

It may be considered that the stiffness of the connecting plate 12 is rather provided by its first thickness than by the frame width FW. Thus, the overall weight may be reduced, and the costs as well.

Openings 74 may be formed on the connecting plate 12. The openings 74 may be distributed on the ribbons 61 of the frame 60. These openings 74 may be used for introduction of ridged bars 72. z i

They may be used for fixing another module 4, for instance by means of fixation orifices 30 of another module 4. The spacing between two fixation orifices 30 of one side of the module 4 may be equal to the spacing between two other fixation orifices 30 on and adjacent side, and/or equal to the spacing of two openings 74. This feature allows more assembly configurations, and eases on site assembly.

In the current embodiment, the connecting plate 12 forms a rectangle, however it could form a square or a parallelogram. Other shapes are considered. Other numbers of sides and/or comers are considered.

Figure 11 provides a schematic illustration of a connecting plates 12 of a module 4 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention.

The module 4 in accordance with figure 7 may be identical or similar to the module 4 described in relation with any one of figures 1 to 6, and combinations thereof. It substantially differs on the shape of the connecting plate 12 and on the number of strips 26 pro bar 10.

The module 4 may include an inner section 56. The inner section 56 may be defined

perpendicularly to the main direction 8. The inner section 56 may be inscribed in the bars 10; and/or between the bars 10. The sides of the section 56 may be drawn by the outer strips 26. The section 56 may be a rectangle, with comers matting with the outermost inner comers of the has 10. The central passage 54 may extend on at least: 10%, or 25% or 33%, or 50% or 75% of the section 56.

The connecting plate 12 may have a circular shape. Its outline 55 may describe a circle or an ellipse. The connecting plate 12 may comprise a central passage 54, for instance circular too. The area of the central passage 54 may represent at least: 10%, or 25% or 33%, or 50% or 75% of the area of the connecting plate 12. The area of the connecting plate 12 may be the area inside the outline 55. The connecting plate 12 may project outside the bars 10. The outline 55 may cross the section 56, and may cross the side apertures 16.

The connecting plate 12 may form a ring. The frame 60 may have an annular shape around the central axis 8. The ribbon 61 may define a loop around the central passage 54.

The bars 10 may be identical and/or symmetric. The bars 10 may have "U" shapes, or "U" sections. At least one or each bar 10 comprises at least three strips 26. Said strips may comprise a transversal strip, and two longitudinal strips. The longitudinal strips may be parallel. The longitudinal strips may comprise an inner longitudinal strip toward the central axis 8, and an outer longitudinal strip which is wider than the inner longitudinal strip. The longitudinal strips may be on the same face of the transversal strip, or may alternatively project in opposite directions. The longitudinal strips may be fixed to the connecting plate 12, for instance by welding. The inner longitudinal strips provide an additional surface adhering to construction material, and increase the overall strength.

The module 4 may comprise at least one outer passage 76, possibly several outer passages 76. The outer passages 76 may be along the main direction 8. The module 4 may comprise at least one outer passage 76 between two bars 10, and/or in the bars 10. The outer passages 76 may be around the central passage 54. The central passage 54 may comprise a surface which is greater than any surface of the outer passages 76, or of the combination of the surfaces of the outer passages 76. Then, the central passage 54 may be the main passage of the module 4 and/or of the connecting plate 12. The frame 60 may exhibit frame thickness and a frame width FW. The frame width FW may be the width of the ribbon RW. The transversal strips may exhibit a first width W lmeasured along the transversal direction L. The outer longitudinal strips may exhibit a second width W2 measured along the longitudinal direction T. The inner longitudinal strips may exhibit a third width W3 measured along the transversal direction T. The second width W2 may be greater than the first width W 1 and the third width W3 . The frame width FW may be smaller than the second width W2 and/or the first width W 1 , and/or the third width W3 .

The module 4 may comprise fixation holes 58, for instance at least four fixation holes 58. The fixation holes 58 may be arranged between the bars 10, notably a distance from the strips 26. The fixation holes 58 may be formed through the ribbon 61. The fixation holes 58 may be arranged between the central passage 54 and the outline 55.

At least one fixation hole 58 may be outside the outline 55.

As an option, the transversal sides of the frame 60 may be flat in order to be aligned with the outer longitudinal strips. Then the outline may comprise straight lines. The positions of the fixation holes 58 may be adapted accordingly.

The invention considers a construction system where all the embodiments of figures 1 to 11 are combined together, for instance in a same building.

Figure 12 provides a schematic illustration of an attaching element 77 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. The attaching element 77 is adapted to be used in a construction system 2 as described in relation with any one of figures 1 to 11.

The attaching element 77 comprise, or is a clamping element 78.

The clamping element 78 may be a retaining element, or a maintaining element, or a fixation element. It may generally be a notched element. The clamping element 78 may be symmetric.

The clamping element 78 comprises a main body 78B. The main body 78B may form a plate. It may be of constant thickness. It may be flat. It may be formed of metal, for instance of steel. The clamping element 78 may comprise an element length EL, and an element width EW which is smaller than the element length, for instance at least: four, or six times smaller than the element length EL. The clamping element 78 comprise an element thickness (not represented) which is measured perpendicularly to the element length EL and the element width EW. The element width EW may be larger than the element thickness. Thus, the weight is optimised. The element length EL may be the main dimension of the clamping element 78.

The clamping element 78 comprises two opposite notches 80. The opposite notches 80 are opposite with respect to the direction of the element length EL. The opposite notches 80 may be at opposite tips of the clamping element 78. The opposite notches 80 may be aligned. They may be in the prolongation of each other. The opposite notches 80 may comprise notch bottoms 80B pointing toward each other, whereas the notch opening 800 are oriented toward the opposite of each other. Chamfers may be provided at the notch opening 800 in order to ease introduction of functional surfaces of the module. Each notch 80 comprise interior faces which face each other. These interior faces are parallel, and are intended to hold between them two strips, two plates, or a laminate with a strip and a plate. These interior faces are the functional surfaces enabling the positioning of the clamping element, and finally to fix the modules on each other.

The clamping element 78 may exhibit a side recess 80R. The side recess 80R may be disposed between the opposite notches 80. Strips of the bars (not represented) may be disposed in said side recess 80R. Thus, it improves modularity. It also increases retention in hardening material due to the contact surface thereby provided.

At least one notch 80 comprise a notch width NW and a notch depth ND. The notch width NW may be smaller, possibly at least two times smaller than the notch depth ND. The element thickness may be larger than the notch width NW. Thus, the stability of the clamping element 78 is increased, and its fixation, or locking ability, is increased. The notch width NW may be a minimum notch width. As an alternative, the notch width NW is an average width, since the notch width NW of the notch 80 may vary along its depth ND.

The opposite notches 80 are at distance from each other along the direction of the element length EL. The body 79 may comprise a notch separation NS between the notches 80. The notch separation NS may be measured between the notch bottom NB.

At least one or each notch 80 is formed by two arms 82. Each pair of arms 82 defines one of the opposite notches 80. In each pair, the arms 82 may be parallel. The length of the arms 82 may correspond to the notch depth ND. In each pair, the arms 82 may form a yoke or a fork. In each pair, the arms 82 may define a recess corresponding to the associated notch 80. The arms 82 may be aligned. The depth of the recess 80R may correspond to the width of the arms 82, notably perpendicularly to the element length EL.

Each feature defined in relation with one of the opposite notches 80 may apply to the other one.

Figure 13 provides a schematic illustration of a construction system 2 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. The construction system 2 comprises an attaching element 77 such as the one as described in relation with any one of figures 1 and 12; and modules 4 as described in relation with any one of figures 1 to 12. By way of illustration, the main direction 8 may be along the vertical direction V.

The transversal strips 26 of the bars 10 may exhibit a first width W1 measured along the transversal direction T. The longitudinal strips 26 of the bars 10 may exhibit a second width W2 measured along the longitudinal direction L. The second width W2 may be greater than the first width W 1. The attaching elements 77 comprise clamping elements 78. Two clamping elements 78 are represented with a dotted line for the sake of clarity. The clamping elements 78 have their opposed notches (not represented) cooperating with the connecting plate 12, but they could also engage and clamp the inclined strips 26.

The connecting plate 12 may have a passage 54, for instance a central passage 54. Each passage 54 may represent at least: a quarter, a third, or a half, of the area of the corresponding connecting plate 12. The passage 54 comprises an edge forming its outlines. The edge may be an inner edge 54E. The clamping elements 78 are introduced in the passage 54. The passage 54 may be a central passage. Each clamping element 78 crosses the passage 54 along the main direction 8 of the module 8. It may extend from one edge of the contour od the passage, to an opposite edge thereof. The passage 54 may comprise a fourth width W4 along the transversal direction T, and a fifth width W5 along the longitudinal direction L.

The fourth and fifth widths (W4; W5) may be equal to each other, and may be equal or

substantially equal to the notch separation (not represented). Thus, the positioning of the clamping element 78 is more precise. In addition, it resists in a greater extend to the mechanical effect of the concrete when it is poured in injected in the construction system 2.

The modules 4 may comprise side apertures 16 between their bars 10. Thus, the side apertures 16 may separate the bars 10 of the corresponding module 4. Within each module 4 or in at least one module 4, the side apertures 16 may be separated by the connecting plates 12. The side apertures 16 may be distributed along the corresponding main direction 8.

The side apertures 16 may comprise a first clearance and a second clearance. The first clearance and a second clearance may correspond to a width, notably a sixth width W6. Each side aperture 16 may have a same width. The side apertures 16 have a sixth width W6 along the transversal direction T and the longitudinal direction L. Each sixth width W6 is equal to the fourth width W4 and to the fifth width W5. The sixth width W6 may be measured against the opposed edges 28 of the inclined strips 26. These opposed edges 28 may face each other.

The inner edge 54E of the passage 54 may generally be rectangular. It may exhibit protrusions 12P formed on the connecting plate 12. Thus, the inner width and the inner length of the passage 54 varies. The protrusions 12P project inward, for instance toward the main direction central axis 8. They may define the fourth width W4 and to the fifth width W5. Thus, the opposed notches may clamp the protrusions 12P and abut against a portion or a segment of the inner edge 54E. As an alternative, the clamping elements 78 may abut against the protrusions 12P, and may hold the inner edge 54E by means of the opposite edges.

The inner edge 54E of the passage 54 may exhibit opposed segments, or opposed portions. It may present opposed edges 28. More generally, the passage 54 may present opposed edges 28. The opposed edges 28 may receive the clamping elements 78, and may form abutments. Thus, the clamping elements 78 may be positioned along the transversal direction T and the longitudinal direction L. Abutment in two perpendicular directions may be provided by the connecting plate 12 alone, or in combination with the strips 26.

Thus, the invention allows a precise positioning of the attaching elements 77. It carries out this positioning at different locations, and at different configurations. Thus, the invention uses simple elements and allows a multitude of assembly arrangement.

Figure 14 provides a schematic illustration of a construction system 2 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. The construction system 2 may be similar to the one as described in relation with any one of figures 1 to 13.

The connecting plate 12 is substantially similar to the one as described in relation with figure 13. It notably differs on the shape of the protrusions. The connecting plate 12 comprises a nose 12N and a recess 12R. The noses 12N and the recesses 12R may replace the protrusions as described in relation with figure 13. The nose 12N and the recess 12R may be provided at each inner comer of the connecting plate 12, and thus of the passage 54. The noses 12N and the recesses 12R may form unevenness on the edge 54E of the passage 54. The noses 12N project and protrudes along the transversal direction T.

The transversal strips 26 of the bars 10 may exhibit a first width W1 measured along the transversal direction T. The longitudinal strips 26 of the bars 10 may exhibit a second width W2 measured along the longitudinal direction L. The second width W2 may be greater than the first width W 1. The side apertures 16 have a sixth width W6 along the transversal direction T and the longitudinal direction L. The sixth width W6 is equal to the fourth width W4 and to the fifth width W5. The sixth width W6 may be measured against the opposed edges 28 of the inclined strips 26.

The noses 12N may form portions of the inner edge 54E. They may form opposite edges 28 within the passage 54. The recesses 12R may be at distance and separated from the main direction axis 8 by the associated noses 12N

The attaching elements 77 may have different lengths.

As an alternative, the noses 12N may be prolonged toward each other in order to connect them. The prolonging portion is represented with a dotted line in lower half of the figure. Thus, opposite noses 12N may form a bridge 12B extending transversally. Only one bridge is represented, however a second one may be formed at the upper half. The bridge 12B may divide the passage 54. It may isolate a pocket 54P from the central passage 54. The pocket 54P may receive ribbed bars (not represented). If bridges 12B are formed at each longitudinal side of the passage 54, the latter may have a divided shape. Its inner edge 54E may draw a square. The fourth width W4 and to the fifth width W5 may be equal. They may also be equal to the sixth width W6. The clamping elements 78 may have different lengths. The left clamping element 78 may connect two opposite noses 12N. It may be at distance from the recesses 12R. It may clamp two opposite noses 12N. The opposite edges 28 formed on the noses 12N allow a positioning and/or an abutment along the longitudinal direction. The inner edge 54E at the left provides a side abutment along the transversal direction T.

The clamping element 54 on the right side extends along the longitudinal direction L. It is longer. It crosses the noses 12N, and extends over the recesses 12R. It masks partially the recesses 12R.

Thus, its surface engaging the noses 12N is increases, and it offers a better stability.

The edge 54E may be an inner edge 54E.

Figure 15 provides a schematic illustration of a construction system 2 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. The construction system 2 comprises an attaching element 77 such as those as described in relation with any one of figures 1 and 12; and two modules 4 as described in relation with any one of figures 1 to 14. More precisely, the current embodiment combines a module 4 as described in relation with figure 13, and a module 4 as described in relation with figure 14.

The modules 4 (partially represented) exhibit an interface 41. This interface 41 may be an attaching interface, and/or a contact interface as well. The main directions 8 are parallel. The current positions of the main direction may be illustrative.

The modules 4 have rectangular shapes, or rectangular cross sections perpendicularly to the main directions 8, which are for instance, along the vertical direction V. These shapes and cross sections may also be observed on the connecting plates 12. The rectangles have a first length and a second length, for instance a short side and a long side. The two modules 4 may have the same rectangular shape, or same rectangular outer shape. Yet, the short side of the right module 4 is placed against the long side of the left module 4. One of the modules 4 has been pivoted of 90° in order to point out how the modules 4 can be arranged at different orientations while using a same clamping element model. The clamping element 78 may be at distance from the passages 54. As an alternative, the modules may be disposed with their long sides against each other, or with their short sides against each other.

Here, the opposed notches 80 of the clamping element 78 receive two pairs of bars 10, more precisely two pairs of strips 26. The clamping element 78 is parallel to the two connecting plates 12, and may form a physical link in contact of each of them. It may cross the interface 41.

The bottoms 80B of the opposite notches 80 may face, or may engage the opposite edges 28 formed on the strips 26.

The sixth width W6 is substantially equal to the notch separation NS. This technical feature improves stability and positioning of the clamping element 78 with respect to the modules 4, but also from one module 4 to the other module 4.

The width NW of the opposed notches 80 matches the thickness of two strips 26. Each strip 26 may comprise a thickness equal to the half of the width NW of the opposed notches 80, or to the notch minimal width NW. This provision further improves stability and positioning accuracy.

The skilled in the art will adapt the width NW and the depth ND in order to ease assembly of the clamping element 78, and also in order to increase the clamping effect. Indeed, pressing the strips 26 against each other promotes stability through friction effect.

In the current illustration, only two modules are represented. However, the invention also suggests combining other modules 4. For instance, sides aperture 16 may be arranged in correspondence of each other. Figure 16 provides a schematic illustration of a construction system 2 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. The construction system 2 generally corresponds to the one as described in relation with figures 1 to 15. The current figure is a through cut along the main direction 8 of the left module 4, and through a plane perpendicular to the main direction 8 of the right one.

The modules 4 (partially represented) exhibit an interface 41. This interface 41 may be an attaching interface, or a contact interface as well. The main directions 8 are perpendicular. The current positions of the main directions 8 may be illustrative. The left module 4 may comprise a connecting plate 12 as presented in relation with figure 14 at its end 14, and the right module 4 may comprise a connecting plate 12 as presented in relation with figure 13. The skilled in the art would understand that other combinations and orientations are possible.

The modules 4 have rectangular shapes, or rectangular cross sections perpendicularly to their respective main directions 8. These shapes and cross sections may also be observed on the connecting plates 12. The rectangles have a first length and a second length, for instance a short side and a long side. The two modules 4 may have the same rectangular shape, or the same rectangular outer shape. Yet, the left module 4 is cut along its long side, and its end 14 receives the short side of the right module 4. The construction 2 system may be used for receiving a window chassis.

The clamping element 78 may generally correspond to any one of those as presented in figures 1, and 12 to 15. It substantially differs on the shape of the notches 80 and the arms 82.

The opposed notches 80 of the clamping element 78 receive one pair of bars 10 and the connecting plate 54 through its passage 54. More precisely the clamping element 78 houses two opposed strips 26 and the edge 54E of the passage 54. Then, the clamping element 78 keeps two pairs of opposite edges 28. The clamping element 78 is parallel to the right connecting plates 12, perpendicularly to the right one which it crosses through the passage 54. It crosses the interface 41.

The bottoms 80B of the opposite notches 80 may face, and may be substantially at distance from the opposite edges 28 formed on the strips 26 and on the connecting plate. By way of illustration, the notch separation NS may be smaller than the fifth width W5, and the sixth width W6. It could also be smaller than the fourth width (not represented).

As an alternative, the notch separation NS, the fifth width W5, and the sixth width W6 are as large as each other.

The width NW of the opposed notches 80 matches the thickness of two strips 26 and/or two connecting plates 12. Each strip 26 may comprise a thickness equal to the width NW of the opposed notches 80 and of the connecting plate 12 where the latter are stacked, and/or matting each other. This provision further improves stability and positioning accuracy.

The skilled in the art will adapt the width NW and the depth ND in order to ease assembly of the clamping element 78, and also in order to increase the clamping effect. Indeed, pressing the strips 26 against each other increase stability through friction effect. This may improve the provisional stability.

At least one of the opposite notches 80, or each of the opposite notches 82 comprises an inner protrusion 84. At least one of the connecting plates 12, for instance the connecting plate 12 forming an end 14 of the corresponding module 4 comprises a nose 12N and a recess 12R. The inner protrusion 84 extends or projects on the recess 12R.

The opposed notches 80 may engage the protrusions 12P as described in figure 14, or the noses as presented in relation with figure 15. The inner protrusion 84 of the arms 82 may project in the recesses 12R, or the pocket 54P defined in relation with figure 14. The height of the inner protrusion 84 and the arm stiffness may be adapted for insertion of the clamping element while exerting a certain effort. The arms 82 may have different length. Each notch 80 may be formed of arms of different lengths. For instance, for one or for each notch, one of the arms 82 has a first length LI, and the other of the two arms 82 has a second length L2 which is greater than the first length. The difference between the first length LI and the second length L2 may be at least as large as the notch width NW. It may correspond to the difference between the first width W1 and the second width W2, notably as defined in relation with anyone of figures 13 to 15.

As an option the inner protrusions 84 are formed on the longest arm 82, the one with the second length L2. The long arm 82 may be at distance from the bars 10 of the left module 4. There may be a gap between the long arms 82 or second arms, and the first strips 26. In the right module 4, the short arms 82, or first arms 82, may engage the bars, notably against the second strips 26. Thus, stability is improved.

The lengths LI and L2 of the arms may be adapted in order to engage the strips 26 on the long side or the short side. Thus, other positioning possibilities are offered with elementary elements.

In another embodiment, the opposed notches have different depths.

Figure 17 provides a schematic illustration of an attaching element 77 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. The attaching element 77 is adapted to be used in a construction system as described in relation with any one of figures 1 to 16.

The attaching element may be a spacer 79, notably a notched spacer 79.

The spacer 79 may generally be a plate of constant thickness. It may be formed of polymer or metal. The spacer 79 may comprise apertures 79A in its main body 79B. Fixing holes 86 may be provided through the spacer 79. The fixing holes 86 may be at opposite tips of the spacer 79 along the element length EL. The element length EL may be the main elongation of the spacer 79.

The spacer 79 comprises opposed notched 80, for instance several pairs or sets of opposed notches 80. The opposed notched 80 are arranged along the two main sides of the spacer 79. At each side, the opposed notched 80 are regularly distributed. They may have a constant spacing S. The spacing S may be equal on each side of the spacer 79. The notches 80 of one side may be aligned with the notches 80 of the other side.

The notches 80 may be identical. They may have a same depth and a same width. They may have a same thickness, which may correspond to the thickness of the spacer 79. The notch thickness may correspond to the thickness of the plate forming the spacer 79.

The spacer 79 comprise a notch separation NS between notches 80 of each pair of opposed notches 80. The notch separation NS is equal to the distance between opposed edges of a module (not represented).

Figure 18 provides a schematic illustration of a construction system 2 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. The construction system 2 may correspond to anyone of those as described in relation with any one of figures 1 to 17. The attaching element 77 may correspond to the spacer as described in figure 17.

The construction system 2 currently exhibits a vertical module 4 and a spacer 79 through the module 4. The element length EL is larger than the module 4. It may project out of said module 4. The spacer 79 may form a plate perpendicular to the main direction 8. The element length EL is disposed along the transversal direction T, and the notch separation NS is disposed along the longitudinal direction L. The spacer 79 may mate with the connecting plate 12. They may form parallel plans. The spacer 79 may partially mask the passage 54.

The spacer 79 may be attached to the bars 10, for instance to each bar of the module 4. It may be linked to one strip 26 of each bar 10. Each bar 10 may be formed by inclined strips 26, said strips 26 being inclined at 90°. They may be oriented toward the longitudinal direction L or the transversal direction T. Each inclined strip 26 extends in the main direction 8, possibly along the vertical direction V when the module 4 is arranged vertically.

The position of the opposed notches 80 is configured such that inclined trips 26 extend in the notches 80. The regular spacing allows a precise positioning of the spacer 79. The position may be adapted by changing the quadruplet of notches 80 engaging the strips 26. The position may be changed of the spacing S.

The notch width corresponds to the thickness of the strips 26. Thus, a tight holding effect may be achieved. In addition, the orientation of the spacer 79 about the main direction 8 may be set. This may be increased when the notch separation NS is equal to the sixth width W6.

The construction system 2 may use a formwork 88. The formwork 88 may be a provisory one, or a definitive one. It may comprise panels 20. The panels 20 may be heat insulating panels 20. The two panels 20 on the upper side of figure 18 may be outer panels, intended to be outside the building. The two panels 20 on the lower side of the current figure may be inner panels. An inner space 46 is defined within the formwork 88, also considered as a formwork surface with one or more opposite surfaces. The inner space 46 is kept between the panels 20. The inner space 46 is dedicated to receive a filing material 48 such as concrete. The spacer 79 may be potted in the filing material, and may be blocked after hardening.

The panels 20 may be linked to each other by supports 24 which are attached to the spacer 79. The supports 24 may comprise hooks fixed to the fixation holes 86, and retention surfaces 50 retaining the panels 20 toward the module 4.

Accordingly, the invention provides a device for maintaining the formwork, notably the panels, on the module. The distance between the panels, and the distance with respect to the module is defined by the spacer 79, and notably to the position of is notches 80. Then, positioning the formwork is easier, and more precise.

Figure 19 provides a schematic illustration of a construction system 2 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. The construction system 2 generally correspond to the ones as described in relation with any one of figures 1 to 18. One module 4 and three attaching elements 77 are represented.

The construction system 2 comprises at least two attaching element 77 which are spacers 79 (represented with doted lines). The spacers 79 may be arranged along the vertical direction V, and the main direction 8. They may be parallel.

The module 4 may be disposed horizontally. Its main direction 8 may be disposed along the longitudinal direction L. The module 4 may have a length of several meters, for instance of at least five meters, and may only be supported at its ends. In order to strengthen the module 4 before concrete solidifies and during pouring, the spacers 79 may be introduced in the passage 54.

Each spacer 79 may be in side abutment with the edge 54E, for instance along the transversal direction T. The notches of the spacers 79 may be adapted for maintaining another module (not represented), namely a second one, which is arranged perpendicularly to the current one - or first one. Some opposite notches may be wider than the other where the spacers 79 are intended to maintain the modules in the same fashion as a clamping element.

Preferably, the spacers 79 comprise steel. Their notches (not represented) may engage the noses 12R and the bridge 12B which delimits the pocket 54P. Here, the edge 28 is asymmetric since on the upper half the bridge 12B is replaced by two noses 12N.

The spacers 79 are maintained by a holder 90. The holder 90 may engage with the spacers 79 in order to push, and notably apply them, against side areas of the inner edge 54. Thus, the spacers 79 are blocked along the transversal direction T toward the left and the right side. The holder 90 may be a plate, or a sheet. It may comprise a portion of increased width along the transversal direction T. This portion of increased width may rely on strips 26, for instance the upper strips 26. Then, the holder 90 is maintained in position due to gravity. The holder 90 may comprise legs 90L, for instance which projects from the portion of increased width. Each leg mates with one of the spacers 79 in order to maintain it. The legs 90L are at distance from each other. Thus, a cut-out 90C appears between them. This cut out 90C communicates with the passage 54 such that ribbed bars (not represented) may be disposed therein.

The connecting plate 12 of the module 4 exhibits unevenness on its outline. The connecting plate 12 may exhibit concavities 92. The concavities 92 may be arranged at each side of the module 4, for instance by pairs. The concavities 92 may extend between the bars 10, and notably between strips 26 exhibiting edges 28 facing each other. The concavities 92 may extend within the interface between the connecting plate 12 and the strips 26. Each bar 10 may be associated with a concavity 92. Each strip 26 may be associated with a concavity 92. The width of the arms 82, along the transversal direction T in the current example, may be equal or substantially smaller than the width of the concavities 92.

The connecting plate 12 may exhibit bosses 94. The bosses 94 may be disposed between the concavities 92, more precisely between pairs of concavities 92. The shape of the bosses 94 may be complementary to the recess 80R of the clamping element 78. An air play may be provided.

Thus, the arms 82 may slide through the concavities 92. This eases the positioning of the clamping element 78 along the module.

Yet, it is interesting to notice that the right side of the clamping element 78, namely the side opposite to the recess 80R, is straight between the arms 82. Thus, the clamping element 78 is adapted to be maintained by another module, for instance a third module (not represented), whose strips are introduced in the notches 80 and whose connecting plate supports the clamping element 78. Indeed, the clamping element 78 will be maintained and/or positioned by the boss of said third module. The latter may be similar or identical to those as described in relation with anyone of figures 1 to 18; and combinations thereof. Then, the first and second modules 4 may slide along each other during attaching and position of the modules.,

Bosses are an option of the invention. In one alternative of the invention, the connecting plate may comprise a concavity, or several concavities which extend from one strip to the adjacent strip.

In the previous figures, the connecting plates 12 and the attaching elements 77 may be represented with a scale. The proportions may be the true proportions, ratios may be extracted from the drawings. The figures may form true models for production. The thickness of the bars 10 are increased for the sake of clarity.

It may be considered that all the figures 1 to 20 are combined together. Each figure may correspond to a portion of a global construction system gathering the above teaching at different areas. Some teaching may be combined in a same interface between two, three or more modules. Height module may join at an interface point.

Figure 20 provides a schematic illustration of a through cut of construction system 2 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. The construction system 2 generally corresponds to the ones as described in relation with any one of figures 1 to 19.

The through cut is along a plan defined by a longitudinal axis L and a vertical axis V. The current view is along a transversal axis T. The directions L, T, V; or corresponding axis L, T, V; are perpendicular to each other.

One module 4 and two attaching elements 77 (in dotted lines) are represented. The attaching elements 77 are clamping elements and/or spacers. The ribbons 61 of the frame 60 are represented by means of hatchings. The sides aperture 16 between the opposite edges 28 of the strips 26 are represented for comprehensiveness. The module 4 comprises several connecting plates 12. In the current embodiment, two connecting plates 12 are against each other. These connecting plates 12 form a laminate. These connecting plates 12 exhibit an interface 121. This interface may be a contact interface, and/or a symmetry interface 121. These two connecting plates 12 define a pair of connecting plates 12. This pair of connecting plates 12 is connected to four bars 10 (only two represented), notably four separate bars 10, which are arranged at comers of a rectangle. The pair of connecting plates 12 are each fixed at each inclined strip 26 of the bars 10.

The noses 12N of connecting plates 12 protrudes in the central passages 54. In addition, the central passage of the upper connecting plate 12 communicates with the lower connecting plate 12, for instance thought the interface 121. The central passages 54 are optionally identical, and may register each other. The central passages 54 preferably extend on at least a half the surface of the corresponding connecting plate 12; said surface optionally being measured at the interface 121, or the corresponding face which is perpendicular to the main direction 8.

Then, the connecting plates 12 are combined by twins. This strengthen the module 4, and avoids twisting about the main direction 8, which is currently the longitudinal direction L. Bending and twisting about the vertical direction V and the transversal direction T are also reduced.

Each connecting plate 12 is connected to the bars 10 by means of lugs 12L, such as fixation lugs 12L. Each connecting plate 12 may be provided by couples of lugs 12L, each couple being associated with a bar 10. More precisely each lug is associated with a strip 26. Each lug 12L and associated strip 26 are parallel and define a fixation interface. In the current embodiment, eight lugs 12L are fixed to four bars 10. The bars 10 exhibit further fixation means. These fixation means comprise holes 12H through the strips 26. The holes 12H are at distance from the lugs 12L.

Another module (not represented) may be fixed to these holes 12H. Only four holes 12H are represented, however the current module 4 may comprise more holes 12H. Thence, the construction system in accordance with figures 1 and 2 may be formed.

The connecting plate 12 is generally flat the frame 60 is generally flat. The lugs 12L are perpendicularly to the frame 61. They extend perpendicularly to the ribbons 61. The lugs 12L form the interface between the frame 60, respectively the ribbons 61, and the bars 10. The lugs 12L form the interface between the frame 60, respectively the ribbons 61, and the strips 26. The lugs 12L, more precisely the ribbons 61, are joined to the frame 60 by elbows. The elbows are curved portions. The lugs 12L and the frame may be integrally formed.

A similar though cut of figure 19 along the plan (L; T) may be deduced from current illustration. For this purpose, directions V and T of the current figure 20 are swapped.

Figure 21 provides a schematic illustration of a diagram representing a heat insulation wall construction method. The module and/or the construction system used in the method may correspond to the one described in relation with any one of figures 1 to 20.

The method may comprise the following steps, notably in the following order:

• positioning 100 the module, then

• mounting 102 the heat insulating panels at two transversally opposite or two longitudinally opposite sides of the module, then

• pouring or injecting 106 the filling material between the heat isolation plates.

Step mounting 102 may comprise at least two sub-steps. It may comprise a sub-step mounting the outer panel 108, then a sub-step mounting the inner panel 110. The panels may be mounted progressively. All steps and sub-steps may be carried out without scaffolding outside the building. During step pouring or injecting 106, the filling material hardens in the module and in contact of the panels, the filling material notably being concrete. Vibrations may be used in order to increase the homogeneity of the filling material. The heat insulation wall construction method may comprise a step positioning 104 tubes before step pouring or injecting 106, and possibly before or during step mounting 102.

As an alternative, step positioning 104 may be carried out between sub-step mounting the outer panel 108 and the sub-step mounting the inner panel 110.

Then, the tubes may be mounted before the filling material is used. They are placed before the filling material hardens, which eases preparative works.

Figure 22 provides a schematic illustration of a diagram representing a construction method in accordance with the invention. The module and/or the construction system used in the method may correspond to the one described in relation with any one of figures 1 to 20.

The construction method may comprise the following steps, notably in the following order:

• positioning 200 the first module and the second module, then

• attaching 202 an attaching element to the first module and possibly to the second module by means of the two opposite notches,

• mounting 204 a formwork the form works on the modules, said formwork notably formed by at least two heat insulating panels, then

• pouring or injecting (206 filling material in the formworks,

• hardening 208 of the filling material;

• removing 210 the formwork where it is a temporary one.

At step attaching 202, the first module is held in contact of the second module by the attaching element which is a clamping element.

At step mounting 204, the formwork is attached at distance from the module by the attaching element which is a spacer.

Step mounting 202 may comprise at least two sub-steps. It may comprise a sub-step mounting the outer panel 202A, then a sub-step mounting the inner panel 202B. The panels may be mounted progressively. All steps and sub-steps may be carried out without scaffolding outside the building. Then, the tubes may be mounted before the filling material is used. They are placed before the filling material hardens, which eases preparative works.

Each feature defined in relation with one connecting plate may be generalized to all the connecting plate of the corresponding module, or to the whole construction system.

The features defined in relation with one process may also apply in the other process.

It should be understood that the detailed description of specific preferred embodiments is given by way of illustration only, since various changes and modifications within the scope of the invention will be apparent to the person skilled in the art. The scope of protection is defined by the following set of claims.

Claims

1 Module (4) for construction, said module (4) notably being adapted for strengthening concrete, said module (4) comprising:

• a main direction (8);

• four separate bars (10) extending along the whole module (4) with respect to the main direction (8), each bar (10) comprising inclined strips (26),

• several connecting plates (12) perpendicular to the main direction (8) which connect the bars (10) and which are distributed along the main direction (8), at least one connecting plate (12) comprises a central passage (54) with a surface extending at least on a quarter of the area of said connecting plate (12).

2 The module (4) in accordance with claim 1, wherein the module (4) comprises an inner section (56) between the bars (10) which is perpendicular to the main direction (8), the central passage (54) projecting on at least the quarter of said inner section (56).

3. The module (4) in accordance with any of claims 1 to 2, wherein the central passage (54) extends on at least: the third or the half, of the area of the corresponding connecting plate (12).

4. The module (4) in accordance with any of claims 1 to 3, wherein at least one or each connecting plate (12) is thicker than the inclined strips (26).

5. The module (4) in accordance with any of claims 1 to 4, wherein each connecting plate (12) comprises a central passage (54), at least one or each connecting plate (12) comprises a frame (60) around the corresponding central passage (54).

6 The module (4) in accordance with claim 5, wherein the frame (60) comprises a ribbon (61) with a thickness and a width (Wl), said width (Wl) being smaller than the widths (W2; W3; W4) of inclined strips (26).

7. The module (4) in accordance with any of claims 1 to 6, wherein at least one or each connecting plate (12) comprises four fixation holes (58) between the bars (10).

8 The module (4) in accordance with any of claims 1 to 7, wherein at least one or each connecting plate (12) comprises a rectangular shape or a circular shape, the rectangle shape comprising four comers, each of said comers being in one of the bars (10).

9. The module (4) in accordance with any of claims 1 to 8, wherein the inclined strips (26) comprise fixation orifices (30) arranged at regular intervals, the fixation orifices (30) defining squares or rectangles, notably on each face (38) of the module (4).

10 The module (4) in accordance with any of claims 1 to 9, wherein the module (4)

comprises side apertures (16) between the bars (10) and the connecting plates (12), the side apertures (16) being smaller than the central passage(s) (54).

11. Constmction system (2); notably for at least one of: a wall, a slab, a roof, stairs (3), and a foundation; said constmction system (2) comprising at least one module (4) in accordance with respect to any of claims 1 to 10, the constmction system (2) further comprising at least one heat insulating panel (20) intended to be mounted on the module (4).

12. The construction system (2) in accordance with of claim 11, wherein at least one heat insulating panel (20) comprise a first panel (20) and a second panel (20) mounted on the module (4) and defining between them an inner space (46) wherein said module (4) is disposed.

13. The construction system (2) in accordance with claims 12, wherein the construction system (2) comprises a heat insulation block (49) extending from the first panel (20) to the second panel (20).

14. The construction system (2) in accordance with any of claims 12 to 13, wherein the first panel (20) is an inner panel and the second panel is an outer panel (20) which is thicker than the inner panel, preferably at least to two times thicker than the inner panel.

15. The construction system (2) in accordance with any of claims 11 to 14, wherein the module (4) is filled with at least one of the following filling materials (48): concrete, polyurethane foam, cellulose, wood wool, or any combination thereof, optionally the filling material is a hardening material, and the at least one heat insulating panel (20) comprises a mineral heat insulation material.

16. The construction system (2) in accordance with any of claims 11 to 16, wherein the construction system (2) comprises a support (24) maintaining the at least one heat insulating panel (20) on the module (4).

17. The construction system (2) in accordance with claim 16, wherein the support (24) comprises hooks fixed to the connecting plates (12) and a retention surface (50) in contact with the heat insulating panel(s) (20).

18. The construction system (2) in accordance with any of claims 16 to 17, wherein the support (24) comprises two resilient retention branches (52) each in contact of at least one of the heat insulating panels (20), and a gap (53) between the branches (52), the gab (53) communicating with the environment of the construction system (2) and the module centre, and notably with the inner space (46).

19. Heat insulation wall construction method, the wall comprising two heat insulating panels (20), an inner space between the heat insulating panels (20), a filling material (48) within the inner space, a module (4) in the filling material (48), the module (4) comprising several connecting plates (12) connected to bars (10) arranged at comers of a rectangle, at least one or each connecting plate (12) comprising a central passage (54) with a surface representing at least 25% of the area of said connecting plate (12), the method comprising the following steps:

positioning (100) the module (4), then

mounting (102) the heat insulating panels (20) at two opposite sides of the module (4), then

pouring or injecting (106) the filling material between the heat insulating panels (20), the module (4) notably being in accordance with anyone of claims 1 to 10, and/or the module (4) and the heat insulating panels form a construction system (2) in accordance with anyone of claims 11 to 18.

20. The heat insulation wall construction method in accordance with claim 19, wherein during step pouring or injecting (106), the filling material (48) hardens in the module

(4) and in contact of the heat insulating panels (20), the filling material notably being concrete.