WO2014126544A1

WO2014126544A1 - Horizontal and vertical reinforcement used on columns and structural walls in buildings

Info

Publication number: WO2014126544A1
Application number: PCT/TR2014/000044
Authority: WO
Inventors: Yüksel SÜLEYMAN BAHADIR
Original assignee: Süleyman Bahadir Yüksel
Priority date: 2013-02-15
Filing date: 2014-02-10
Publication date: 2014-08-21

Abstract

Reinforcement cage for vertical carrier equipment, columns, structural walls and structural wall splices consisting of stirrups with four L-profile channels bearing L profiles; connection stirrups utilized to connect the L-profiles on the floor levels and structural wall splices; and connection apparatus to connect the reinforcement in longitudinal direction.

Description

HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL REINFORCEMENT USED ON COLUMNS AND STRUCTURAL WALLS IN BUILDINGS

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to the innovations for vertical reinforcement, horizontal reinforcement, splices, and connection regions which are to serve as the main carrier systems on buildings, vertical carrier elements, and structural walls and structural wall splices.

PRIOR ART

Reinforced concrete, steel and composite structures are amongst the building systems which have been preferred by the people for many years in order to meet their housing needs. Composite structures which are constructed using structural steel materials and reinforced concrete construction materials are designed and planned together. The buildings constructed with composite construction elements are called "composite buildings" and the construction elements utilized are called "composite column, composite structural wall, composite Beam, composite Floor, and so on." On composite buildings, structural steel materials (NPI, NPU or custom produced section profiles) and, rebar and reinforced concrete may be used together on the same carrier system elements as well as individual elements on the carrier system elements such as column, beam, floor and structural wall.

The structural steel materials are widely used in the building in the following forms: as hot rolled product I profiles, U profiles, L profiles, sheet iron, gross section type bars, box and pipe section profiles. Reinforced concrete and composite buildings are constructed as the formworks are filled with concrete following that the necessary reinforcement and structural steel elements which are produced in accordance with the project are placed in the formworks after the suitable formworks are prepared. In the recent years, by applying the bending force, the sheet iron is bent with moulds in the form of profile and started to be used in the construction industry.

The composite construction elements has become one of the carrier systems which are currently preferred since these elements reduce the self- weight of the buildings compared to reinforced concrete construction elements; could be built more quickly; provide solutions to the construction problems because of reinforcement density; and generate better performance in terms of demonstrating the required level of ductility against seismic impacts.

The carrier elements including columns, structural walls, beams, and floors are named as "composite column", "composite structural wall", "composite beam", and "composite floor" when designed as composite.

Composite Columns can be designed and built in three different ways;

1- Composite Columns constituted with structural steel elements embedded in concrete: The composite columns are produced as steel profiles are placed inside the reinforcements consisting of vertical reinforcements and stirrups. It is necessary that stirrups are installed around at least four vertical reinforcements and steel profiles are mounted inside the column. Also profiles should be placed in the core region inside the stirrups and these profiles should be appended on each floor. This causes loss of time and furthermore increases the labour and cost since that steel profiles should be placed in the core region of the columns.

2- Composite Columns constituted with close box steel profiles filled with concrete: This type is produced as pipe or box profiles are filled with concrete. This method enables benefiting from the advantages of concrete and steel at the same time. In addition to this, since the profile is filled with concrete, both the load capacity and flame-resistance of the profile are increased.

3- Semi-recessed Composite Columns: Due to their High ductility and flexural rigidity this type of composite columns are preferred in buildings for which earthquake-resistant design is important.

With the application of composite column, the dimensions of the thin columns are increased and their load capacity is improved without the loss of aesthetic value. On composite columns, the concrete is held with steel profiles and by this way there occurs no cracks on the concrete body although the bearing capacity of the concrete is exceeded. In order to use these profiles and form its adherence with the concrete, it is required to use cutting wedges or shear keys. Since steel profiles are placed at the centre of the column in case that profiles in the form of I, box, circle, and pipe are constructed inside the core region of the column stirrups on the column, the contribution of profiles to the bending moment may not be significant. Furthermore, stirrups should be installed around at the vertical reinforcements in addition to the profiles placed at the centre of the column. In accordance with the regulation relating to the buildings to be constructed in disaster areas (2007), Eurocode8 (2004), and other regulations relating to this particular matter, the stirrup effect should be ensured by installing stirrups with frequent intervals around at the dense vertical reinforcements placed on columns and structural wall splices, and thus the shear effect should be counter posed. The construction of dense vertical reinforcements installed around by stirrups with frequent intervals causes important problems and as a matter of fact in most cases, it tends to be regarded as impossible.

Composite structural walls can be designed and constructed on the structural wall splices by utilizing structural steel elements (steel profiles):

In connection with the construction engineering, the steel profiles placed on the splices should be appended at each floor. Since it is not practical and applicable to append box profiles, U profiles, I profiles and pipe profiles under the construction site conditions, this type of composite columns and structural wall splice elements are hardly applied in general.

During the construction of rectangular section reinforced concrete structural walls, it is required in most cases that the dense vertical reinforcements are installed around by stirrups with frequent intervals for the production of structural wall splice elements. Reinforcement density on the splices, production and installation of reinforcements in accordance with the project, concrete pouring and compacting processes cause significant problems; result in that the reinforced concrete structural wall reinforcements are constructed different than as it was projected on the original design; and in most cases makes the particular construction impossible. BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In line with my research conducted in order to minimize the negative impacts of the forces on the columns and structural wall splices that the buildings are subjected to as a result of horizontal forces such as seismic effects and the wind pressure actions and also vertical loads, ground effect, changes in temperature, and other similar loads, new reinforcements are produced which are to enable L profiles (angle irons) and bended plates in the form of L as vertical reinforcements to be connected together with stirrups designed as vertical reinforcements and to be bonded with screws, bolted, riveted, and self-tapping screws and welding system at the spandrels.

DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE NUMERALS

Drawing 1 . Mounted View for Splice with Detailed View

Drawing 2. Erection Column System View

Drawing 3. View of Splice of Two L Profiles

Drawing 4. Cut View and Detailed View from the Upper Section of Erection

Column System

Drawing 5. Exploded View

Drawing 6. Stirrup General View

Drawing 7. General View of the Stirrup of Splice

Drawing 8. General View of Splice Component

The piece numbers specified on drawings correspond to the below.

1. L Profile (Angle iron)

2. Stirrup

2.1. Vertical Reinforcement Iron Channel

2.2. Profile Channel

3 Bonding Stirrup 3.1. L Profile Weld Bonding Channel

4. Bonding Apparatus .

4.1. Screw Channel

4.2. L Profile Bonding Channel

5. Vertical Reinforcement Iron

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The invention consists of L profile (1 ), at least one piece of vertical reinforcement iron channel (2.1 ), stirrup (2) with four pieces of L profile channel (2.2), bonding stirrup (3) including L profile weld bonding channel (3.1 ), screw channel (4.1 ), bonding apparatus (4) with L profile bonding channel (4.2) and vertical reinforcement iron (5).

As can be supplied readymade, L profiles (1 ) also can be produced from bended plate. Four pieces of L profiles (1 ) are prepared in accordance with the dimensions of the floor height for the columns and structural wall splices. The stirrups (2) that are the horizontal reinforcements are placed on the previously prepared L profiles (1 ) from the L profile channel (2.2) at intervals as frequent as appropriate with the project. In case that the L profiles are insufficient to meet shear force, bending moment, and normal force, at least one piece of vertical reinforcement iron (5) with the required diameter is placed and fixed on the vertical reinforcement iron channel (2.1 ). On places where the vertical reinforcement iron (5) from the top and bottom should be appended, these vertical reinforcement irons are connected to each other on the vertical reinforcement iron channel (2.1 ). On floor levels and places where vertical reinforcement irons should be appended, the bonding stirrup (3) is to be used. The bonding stirrup (3) consists of the L profile bonding channel (3.1 ) in which two pieces of L profile can be interlocked. L profiles (1 ) placed in the L profile bonding channel (3.1 ) may be connected through the means of welding, bolts, wire bonding, screws or rivets. A bonding apparatus (4) should be utilized for the bonding points which are to be subjected to a greater force. On the connecting point L profile bonding channels (4.2) are placed at the ends of the vertical reinforcement L profiles (1 ) from both top and bottom and rigid bonding is applied. The bonding apparatuses (4) are placed as superimposed and bonded through the means of machine screws, bolts, self-tapping screws or rivets from the screw channels (4.1 ).

By setting standards in accordance with the seismic zones for the vertical and horizontal reinforcements to be utilized on columns and structural wall splices, economic structures may be constructed which are significantly more safe for the inhabitants and more durable to the seismic forces arising from ground motions and to the forces formed as a result of the loads on the building.

In case that column and curtain wall splice reinforcements are constituted as specified in the invention with the parts and systems on the composite columns and composite curtain wall splices, industrial building systems may be generated which are more economic and safer while also built faster. Conventionally, for the construction of column and curtain wall splices, dense vertical reinforcements are produced as stirrups are installed around with frequent intervals. During the construction process of dense vertical reinforcements which are stirrups installed around with frequent intervals on the columns and curtain wall splices, there occurs significant problems in the phases including reinforcement installation, concrete pouring and compacting. Since durability against horizontal and vertical forces is ensured without any reinforcement density on the columns and curtain wall splices constructed by utilizing the pieces in the invention consisting of L profiles (1 ), stirrup (2), bonding stirrup (3), bonding apparatus (4) and vertical reinforcement iron (5), the problems which occur during the production and installation of reinforcements, and concrete pouring and compacting phases are eliminated.

Since the production and installation of horizontal and vertical reinforcements are conducted by labour force during the construction of buildings, labour costs and loss of time are both one of the significant problems of the buildings in terms of economics and industrial issues. Since industrial horizontal and vertical reinforcements compliant with the standards are realized thanks to the invention, labour costs and loss of time are prevented.

Claims

1. Vertical and horizontal reinforcements for vertical carrier equipment, columns, structural walls and structural wall splices; characterized in that it consists of stirrup (2) with four pieces of L profile channels (2.2) that bear L profiles (1 ); bonding stirrup (3) that is utilized to bond the L profiles (1 ) on the floor levels and structural wall splices; and bonding apparatus (4).

2. Stirrup (2) according to claim 1 ; characterized in that it consists of vertical reinforcement iron channel (2.1 ) and L profile channel (2.2).

3. Vertical reinforcement iron channel (2.1 ) according to claim 2; characterized in that the measurement of its diameter is enough to juxtapose two pieces of vertical reinforcement irons (5) in order to connect two pieces of vertical reinforcement irons (5) together.

4. Bonding stirrup (3) according to claim ; characterized in that it consist of L profile bonding channel (3.1 ) in which two pieces of L profiles can be interlocked.

5. Bonding apparatus (4) according to claim 1 ; characterized in that it consists of L profile bonding channels (4.2) that enable rigid bonding with L profiles

(1 ).

6. Bonding apparatus (4) according to claim 1 ; characterized in that it consists of screw channels (4.1 ) in which two pieces of bonding apparatus are bonded through the means of machine screws, bolts, self-tapping screws or rivets.