WO2020164241A1 - 一种粗煤泥重力分选设备与方法 - Google Patents

一种粗煤泥重力分选设备与方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020164241A1
WO2020164241A1 PCT/CN2019/106919 CN2019106919W WO2020164241A1 WO 2020164241 A1 WO2020164241 A1 WO 2020164241A1 CN 2019106919 W CN2019106919 W CN 2019106919W WO 2020164241 A1 WO2020164241 A1 WO 2020164241A1
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spiral
groove
slime
chute
density
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PCT/CN2019/106919
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English (en)
French (fr)
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桂夏辉
王东岳
丁世豪
邢耀文
曹亦俊
刘炯天
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中国矿业大学
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Priority to RU2020140910A priority Critical patent/RU2753569C1/ru
Priority to GB2100773.7A priority patent/GB2595545B/en
Priority to CA3105291A priority patent/CA3105291C/en
Publication of WO2020164241A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020164241A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
    • B03B5/62—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by hydraulic classifiers, e.g. of launder, tank, spiral or helical chute concentrator type
    • B03B5/626—Helical separators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
    • B03B5/48—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by mechanical classifiers
    • B03B5/52—Spiral classifiers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
    • B03B5/62—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by hydraulic classifiers, e.g. of launder, tank, spiral or helical chute concentrator type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a coarse slime gravity separation equipment and method, in particular to the coarse slime gravity separation equipment and method used in the technical field of coal separation.
  • the particle size of coarse slime is between the lower limit of heavy-medium separation and the upper limit of flotation (2-0.3mm). It is difficult to increase the coarse slime by heavy-medium separation and flotation. Precision sorting. Therefore, coarse coal slime is generally separated separately, and its separation process also has a decisive linking effect in the entire coal separation process.
  • the quality of its separation effect is directly related to the efficiency of the heavy-medium separation and slime water treatment. .
  • the large-scale application of large-diameter heavy-medium cyclones and fine-grained coal processing equipment improves product quality and separation effects, while also reducing the separation of coarse slime near the boundary between gravity separation and slime water treatment to a certain extent. Choose the effect.
  • the problem of coarse slime separation has become the main bottleneck affecting the increase in clean coal yields of most domestic coal preparation plants.
  • the slime gravity separation equipment of the present invention includes a spiral generator, above which is provided with a spiral separation device;
  • the spiral generator includes a base and a vibration exciter arranged in the base;
  • the spiral sorting device includes a cylindrical spiral outer bracket, an end cover is arranged on the top of the outer bracket of the sorter, a material modification port is arranged on one side of the top end cover of the outer bracket of the sorter, and the bottom of the outer bracket of the sorter is connected with the base.
  • the outer bracket of the separator is provided with a spiral central shaft in the axial direction. The top of the spiral central shaft is movably connected with the end cap, and the bottom end is connected with the vibration exciter.
  • the spiral outer bracket is provided on the spiral central shaft. There is a spiral bottom bracket.
  • the spiral bottom bracket is provided with a spiral groove surface groove from top to bottom.
  • the bottom end of the spiral groove surface groove is provided with a discharge port, and the discharge port is equipped with a product interceptor.
  • the vibration direction of the exciter is perpendicular to the central axis support of the spiral chute.
  • the spiral groove can be disassembled.
  • the depth of the spiral groove gradually deepens from the inside to the outside in the radial direction.
  • the high-density particles move along the groove from the outside to the inside under the action of the rotating water flow at the bottom.
  • inclusions The low-density particles in the bottom layer are flushed out by the upper water flow, so that the vertical velocity of the water flow strengthens the separation and stratification of the material, so that the light particles strayed into the bottom of the spiral groove and the heavy particles strayed into the edge of the spiral groove are restored. Layering and zoning.
  • a method for gravity separation of slime the steps are:
  • the spiral central axis drives the spiral central axis bracket to generate an exciting moment around the vertical spiral central axis. On the one hand, it enhances the radial centrifugal force of the material and accelerates the lateral movement speed of the upper water flow in the spiral chute.
  • the low-density part of the coarse slime floats on the upper water flow and is quickly thrown to the outer edge of the chute, and the high-density part of the coarse slime sinks into the lower water flow to realize the rapid stratification of the material particles; on the other hand, the excitation around the spiral axis
  • the torque also increases the inward friction of the spiral chute facing the bottom of the material, reduces the rotation speed of the coarse slime and the underlying water flow, and strengthens the speed difference of the coarse slime of different densities at the bottom of the spiral chute.
  • a high-density zone, a medium-density zone and a low-density zone are sequentially formed on the spiral section of the spiral chute from the inside to the outside to realize the lateral zoning of light and heavy particles;
  • the chute surface of the spiral chute is provided with a spiral groove surface groove along the upper spiral line.
  • the groove depth of the spiral groove surface groove gradually deepens from the inside to the outside in the radial direction.
  • the product interceptor at the bottom discharge end of the spiral separator divides the slime belt on the cross section of the spiral chute into three parts: clean coal, medium coal, and tail coal, and discharge them through their respective discharge ports.
  • the vibration exciter of the spiral central axis bracket generates the excitation torque around the vertical axis.
  • the excitation torque around the vertical axis enhances the radial centrifugal force of the material.
  • it enhances the radial centrifugal force of the material and accelerates the vibration in the spiral chute.
  • the lateral movement speed of the upper water flow makes the low-density part of the coarse slime float on the upper water flow and is quickly thrown to the outer edge of the chute; the high-density part of the coarse slime sinks into the lower water flow to achieve rapid stratification of the material particles.
  • the exciting moment around the vertical axis also increases the inward friction of the chute facing the bottom layer of the material, reduces the rotation speed and centrifugal force of the coarse slime and the lower water flow, and strengthens the coarse slime of different densities in the chute.
  • the speed difference of the bottom movement further enhances the efficiency and accuracy of the material stratification in the chute, and realizes the lateral separation of light and heavy particles;
  • the spiral chute surface is provided with grooves along the upper spiral line, and the depth of the groove gradually increases from the inside to the outside in the radial direction.
  • the vertical velocity of the water generated thereby strengthens the separation and stratification of the material.
  • the spiral groove can be disassembled, and the radial height of the spiral groove can be of different types. Different types of grooves can be selected according to the properties of different coal samples. For coarse slime materials with small density differences and difficult to sort, spiral grooves with large radial height changes are selected to strengthen the layering effect of the slime according to density and improve the sorting efficiency; for coarse slime materials with large density differences and easy sorting The slime material selects spiral grooves with small radial height changes to increase the slime processing capacity and ensure the recovery rate.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the gravity separation device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of the groove of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the groove of the present invention.
  • the slime gravity separation equipment is characterized in that it includes a spiral generating device, and a spiral separating device is arranged above the spiral generating device;
  • the spiral generating device includes a base 8 and a base 8 Vibration exciter 6;
  • the spiral sorting device includes a cylindrical spiral outer bracket 3, the top of the sorter outer bracket 3 is provided with an end cover, and the top end of the sorter outer bracket 3 is provided with a material modification port 1.
  • a plurality of rubber spring tubes 7 are arranged at the connection between the bottom of the outer bracket 3 of the separator and the base 8.
  • the outer bracket 3 of the separator is provided with a spiral central axis in the axial direction.
  • the top of the spiral central axis is movably connected with the end cover, and the bottom end is connected with the excitation
  • the vibration direction of the vibration exciter 6 is perpendicular to the central axis support of the spiral chute.
  • the spiral external support 3 is provided with a spiral central axis support 4 on the spiral central axis, and the spiral central axis support 4 is set from top to bottom.
  • the spiral groove 5 can be disassembled.
  • the depth of the spiral groove 5 gradually deepens from the inside to the outside in the radial direction.
  • the high-density particles move along the groove from the outside to the inside under the action of the bottom rotating water flow.
  • the low-density particles in the bottom layer are washed out by the upper water flow, so that the vertical velocity of the water flow strengthens the separation and stratification of the material, and the light that enters the bottom of the spiral groove 5 Particles and heavy particles strayed into the edge of the spiral groove 5 are re-layered and zoned.
  • a method for gravity separation of slime the steps are:
  • the spiral central axis drives the spiral central axis bracket 4 to generate an exciting moment around the vertical spiral central axis. On the one hand, it enhances the radial centrifugal force of the material and accelerates the lateral movement of the upper water flow in the spiral chute.
  • the low-density part of the coarse slime floats on the upper water flow and is quickly thrown to the outer edge of the chute 2, and the high-density part of the coarse slime sinks into the lower water flow to achieve rapid stratification of the material particles; on the other hand, it is around the spiral axis
  • the exciting moment also increases the inward friction of the spiral chute 2 facing the bottom of the material, reduces the rotation speed of the coarse slime and the lower water flow, and strengthens the coarse slime of different densities at the bottom of the spiral chute 2.
  • the spiral cross section of the spiral chute 2 finally forms a high-density zone, a medium-density zone and a low-density zone from the inside to the outside according to the density difference, realizing the lateral zoning of light and heavy particles;
  • the spiral groove surface of the spiral chute 2 is provided with a spiral groove surface groove 5 along the upper spiral line.
  • the groove depth of the spiral groove surface groove 5 gradually deepens from the inside to the outside in the radial direction.

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  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

一种粗煤泥重力分选设备，螺旋发生装置上方设有螺旋分选装置，所述的螺旋发生装置包括底座(8)和设置在底座(8)中的激振器(6)，所述螺旋分选装置包括柱状螺旋外部支架(3)，分选器外部支架(3)顶部设有端盖，分选器外部支架(3)顶部端盖一侧设有改料口(1)，分选器外部支架(3)底部与底座(8)连接处设有多个橡胶弹簧管(7)，分选器外部支架(3)的圆心轴向设有螺旋中轴，螺旋中轴顶端与端盖活动连接、底端与激振器(6)相连接，螺旋外部支架(3)内在螺旋中轴上设有螺旋中轴支架(4)，螺旋中轴支架(4)自上而下设有螺旋槽面凹槽(5)，螺旋槽面凹槽(5)的底端设有排料口(9)，排料口(9)中设有产品截取器。还包括一种使用前述煤泥中立分选设备的方法，通过给料口(1)向螺旋外部支架(3)中的螺旋中轴支架(4)给入煤泥和水作为物料，在重力作用下煤泥水物料进行分选,在激振器(6)的作用下实现物料粒群的快速分层；最终根据密度差异在螺旋溜槽(2)的螺旋截面上实现轻重颗粒的横向分带；物料分层、分带稳定后形成连续的煤泥带，最终被设在螺旋分选机底部排料端的产品截取器将螺旋溜槽截面上的煤泥带横向分割成精煤、中煤、尾煤三部分，并通过各自的排料口(9)排出，提高分选精度。

Description

一种粗煤泥重力分选设备与方法 技术领域
本发明涉及一种粗煤泥重力分选设备与方法，尤其使用与属于煤炭分选技术领域使用的粗煤泥重力分选设备与方法。
背景技术
在整个煤炭分选的工艺过程中，粗煤泥的粒度介于重介质分选下限和浮选上限周围(2-0.3mm)，采用重介分选和浮选都难以对粗煤泥进行高精度分选。故而粗煤泥一般单独分选，其分选过程在整个煤炭分选工艺环节上同样具有决定性的衔接作用，其分选效果的好坏，直接关系到重介分选和煤泥水处理环节的效率。大直径重介旋流器和微细粒煤处理设备的大量应用，在提高产品质量和分选效果的同时，也一定程度上降低了介于重选和煤泥水处理粒度交界附近粗煤泥的分选效果。粗煤泥分选问题成为影响国内大部分选煤厂精煤产率提高的主要瓶颈。
近几年的发展重力粗煤泥分选设备有了一些新的设备应用，虽然煤泥分选技术不断进步，新型设备不断出现，但一些设备在处理粗煤泥时仍存在一些局限性。由斯托克斯关于矿粒在离心力的密度场中的下降理论可知，颗粒在旋流器内受到的离心力与颗粒粒径成正比，因此+3mm以上的物料在沉降过程中，较大的颗粒直径可以增加矿粒所受的离心力和有效的分离速度，将物料按密度分离，+0.3mm的物料普通旋流器便可以解决。对于-0.5mm煤泥药剂优先吸附而且具有较强的选择性，此部分的煤泥浮选可以较好地解决。
现有的粗煤泥分选设备已得到广泛应用，如干扰床分选机(TBS)、螺旋分选机、煤泥重介旋流器等，但其在分选粗煤泥过程中也存在或多或少的缺点，制约了分选精度的提高。螺旋分选机本身参数不易调节以适应给料性质的变化、分选密度较高、对片装矿粒富集效果差，液固流化床分选机对入料的粒度范围要求较窄、分选密度较低，煤泥重介旋流器需要单独设立一套微细介质循环和回收系统、系统设计较为复杂、特细粒介质回收困难、生产成本高。
发明内容
针对上述技术的不足之处，提供一种结构简单，分选效率高的粗煤泥重力分选设备与方法。
为实现上述技术目的，本发明的煤泥重力分选设备，包括螺旋发生装置，螺旋发生装置上方设有螺旋分选装置；所述的螺旋发生装置包括底座和设置在底座中的激振器；所述螺旋分选装置包括柱状螺旋外部支架，分选器外部支架顶部设有端盖，分选器外部支架顶部端盖一侧设有改料口，分选器外部支架底部与底座连接处设有多个橡胶弹簧管，分选器外部支架的圆心轴向设有螺旋中轴，螺旋中轴顶端与端盖活动连接、底端与激振器相连接，螺旋外部支架内在螺旋中轴上设有螺旋中轴支架，螺旋中轴支架自上而下设有螺旋槽面凹槽，螺旋槽面凹槽的底端设有排料口，排料口中设有产品截取器。
所述的激振器振动方向垂直于螺旋溜槽的中轴支架。
所述螺旋凹槽可以拆卸，螺旋凹槽槽内深度沿径向由内向外逐渐加深，高密度颗粒在底层回转水流 作用下，从外向内沿槽运动，随着凹槽深度的减小，夹杂在底层的低密度颗粒被上层水流冲出，从而使水流垂直分速强化了物料的析离分层，使误入螺旋凹槽槽底的轻颗粒及误入螺旋凹槽槽边缘的重颗粒重新分层、分带。
一种煤泥重力分选方法，其步骤为：
通过给料口向螺旋外部支架中的螺旋中轴支架给入煤泥和水作为物料，在重力作用下煤泥水物料沿切线方向落入螺旋溜槽，并依次通过螺旋溜槽上的螺旋槽面凹槽进行分选；
在激振器的作用下螺旋中轴带动螺旋中轴支架产生围绕垂直方向螺旋中轴的激振力矩，一方面增强了物料的径向离心力，加快了螺旋溜槽中的上层水流的横向运动速度，粗煤泥中低密度部分浮于上层水流，被快速甩向溜槽外缘，粗煤泥中高密度部分沉入下层水流，实现物料粒群的快速分层；另一方面围绕螺旋中轴的激振力矩也增大了螺旋溜槽的溜槽面对物料底层向内的摩擦力，降低了粗煤泥与下层水流的的回转速度，强化了不同密度的粗煤泥在螺旋溜槽溜槽底部运动的速度差异，最终根据密度差异在螺旋溜槽的螺旋截面上由内向外依次形成高密度区、中密度区与低密度区，实现轻重颗粒的横向分带；
在螺旋溜槽的溜槽面设有沿上螺旋线的螺旋槽面凹槽，螺旋槽面凹槽的槽内深度沿径向由内向外逐渐加深，当物料在激振器和重力作用向下通过螺旋槽面凹槽时，误入螺旋槽面凹槽槽底的轻颗粒及误入槽边缘的重颗粒在下层水流回转运动中会重新分层、分带，从而强化密度分选的效果；
物料分层、分带稳定后，不同密度的粗煤泥颗粒按各自的回转半径沿螺旋溜槽运动，高密度颗粒与低密度颗粒由内向外沿螺旋溜槽的截面均匀排列，形成连续的煤泥带，最终被设在螺旋分选机底部排料端的产品截取器将螺旋溜槽截面上的煤泥带横向分割成精煤、中煤、尾煤三部分，并通过各自的排料口排出。
有益效果
a、螺旋中轴支架的激振器产生围绕垂直轴的激振力矩，围绕垂直轴的激振力矩增强了物料的径向离心力，一方面增强了物料的径向离心力，加快了螺旋溜槽中的上层水流的横向运动速度，使得粗煤泥中低密度部分浮于上层水流，被快速甩向溜槽外缘；粗煤泥中高密度部分沉入下层水流，实现物料粒群的快速分层。另一方面围绕垂直轴的激振力矩也增大了溜槽面对物料底层向内的摩擦力，降低了粗煤泥与下层水流的的回转速度与离心力，强化了不同密度的粗煤泥在溜槽底部运动的速度差异，进而增强了物料在溜槽中的分层效率与精确度，实现轻重颗粒的横向分带；
b、在螺旋溜槽面设有沿上螺旋线的凹槽，槽内深度沿径向由内向外逐渐加深，由此产生的水流垂直分速强化了物料的析离分层，在螺旋溜槽面设有沿上螺旋线的凹槽，槽内深度沿径向由内向外逐渐加深，使误入槽底的轻颗粒及误入槽边缘的重颗粒在下层水流回转运动中，重新分层、分带，从而强化密度分选的效果，提高分选精度；
c、螺旋凹槽可以拆卸，且螺旋凹槽的径向高度可有不同的种类，可根据不同煤样的性质选择不同高度种类的凹槽。对于密度差异小、难分选的粗煤泥物料选取径向高度变化大的螺旋凹槽，强化煤泥的按密度分层效果，提高分选效率；而对于密度差异大、易分选的粗煤泥物料选取径向高度变化小的螺旋凹 槽，提高煤泥处理量，保证回收率。
附图说明
图1为本发明的重力分选装置结构示意图。
图2为本发明来凹槽示俯视结构意图。
图3为本发明凹槽剖面示意图。
图中：1-给料口，2-螺旋溜槽，3-螺旋外部支架，4-螺旋中轴支架，5-螺旋槽面凹槽，6-激振器，7-橡胶弹簧管，8-底座，9-排料口。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对变发明的具体实施方式做进一步说明：
如图1所示，煤泥重力分选设备，其特征在于：它包括螺旋发生装置，螺旋发生装置上方设有螺旋分选装置；所述的螺旋发生装置包括底座8和设置在底座8中的激振器6；所述螺旋分选装置包括柱状螺旋外部支架3，分选器外部支架3顶部设有端盖，分选器外部支架3顶部端盖一侧设有改料口1，分选器外部支架3底部与底座8连接处设有多个橡胶弹簧管7，分选器外部支架3的圆心轴向设有螺旋中轴，螺旋中轴顶端与端盖活动连接、底端与激振器6相连接，所述的激振器6振动方向垂直于螺旋溜槽的中轴支架，螺旋外部支架3内在螺旋中轴上设有螺旋中轴支架4，螺旋中轴支架4自上而下设有螺旋槽面凹槽5，螺旋槽面凹槽5的底端设有排料口9，排料口9中设有产品截取器。
如图2和图3所示，所述螺旋凹槽5可以拆卸，螺旋凹槽5槽内深度沿径向由内向外逐渐加深，高密度颗粒在底层回转水流作用下，从外向内沿槽运动，随着凹槽5深度的减小，夹杂在底层的低密度颗粒被上层水流冲出，从而使水流垂直分速强化了物料的析离分层，使误入螺旋凹槽5槽底的轻颗粒及误入螺旋凹槽5槽边缘的重颗粒重新分层、分带。
一种煤泥重力分选方法，其步骤为：
通过给料口1向螺旋外部支架3中的螺旋中轴支架4给入煤泥和水作为物料，在重力作用下煤泥水物料沿切线方向落入螺旋溜槽2，并依次通过螺旋溜槽2上的螺旋槽面凹槽5进行分选；
在激振器6的作用下螺旋中轴带动螺旋中轴支架4产生围绕垂直方向螺旋中轴的激振力矩，一方面增强了物料的径向离心力，加快了螺旋溜槽中的上层水流的横向运动速度，粗煤泥中低密度部分浮于上层水流，被快速甩向溜槽外缘2，粗煤泥中高密度部分沉入下层水流，实现物料粒群的快速分层；另一方面围绕螺旋中轴的激振力矩也增大了螺旋溜槽2的溜槽面对物料底层向内的摩擦力，降低了粗煤泥与下层水流的的回转速度，强化了不同密度的粗煤泥在螺旋溜槽2溜槽底部运动的速度差异，最终根据密度差异在螺旋溜槽2的螺旋截面上由内向外依次形成高密度区、中密度区与低密度区，实现轻重颗粒的横向分带；
在螺旋溜槽2的溜槽面设有沿上螺旋线的螺旋槽面凹槽5，螺旋槽面凹槽5的槽内深度沿径向由内向外逐渐加深，当物料在激振器6和重力作用向下通过螺旋槽面凹槽5时，误入螺旋槽面凹槽5槽底的 轻颗粒及误入槽边缘的重颗粒在下层水流回转运动中会重新分层、分带，从而强化密度分选的效果；
物料分层、分带稳定后，不同密度的粗煤泥颗粒按各自的回转半径沿螺旋溜槽2运动，高密度颗粒与低密度颗粒由内向外沿螺旋溜槽2的截面均匀排列，形成连续的煤泥带，最终被设在螺旋分选机底部排料端的产品截取器将螺旋溜槽截面上的煤泥带横向分割成精煤、中煤、尾煤三部分，并通过各自的排料口9排出。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种煤泥重力分选设备，其特征在于：它包括螺旋发生装置，螺旋发生装置上方设有螺旋分选装置；所述的螺旋发生装置包括底座(8)和设置在底座(8)中的激振器(6)；所述螺旋分选装置包括柱状螺旋外部支架(3)，分选器外部支架(3)顶部设有端盖，分选器外部支架(3)顶部端盖一侧设有改料口(1)，分选器外部支架(3)底部与底座(8)连接处设有多个橡胶弹簧管(7)，分选器外部支架(3)的圆心轴向设有螺旋中轴，螺旋中轴顶端与端盖活动连接、底端与激振器(6)相连接，螺旋外部支架(3)内在螺旋中轴上设有螺旋中轴支架(4)，螺旋中轴支架(4)自上而下设有螺旋槽面凹槽(5)，螺旋槽面凹槽(5)的底端设有排料口(9)，排料口(9)中设有产品截取器。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的煤泥重力分选设备，其特征在于：所述的激振器(6)振动方向垂直于螺旋溜槽的中轴支架。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的煤泥重力分选设备，其特征在于：所述螺旋凹槽(5)可以拆卸，螺旋凹槽(5)槽内深度沿径向由内向外逐渐加深，高密度颗粒在底层回转水流作用下，从外向内沿槽运动，随着凹槽(5)深度的减小，夹杂在底层的低密度颗粒被上层水流冲出，从而使水流垂直分速强化了物料的析离分层，使误入螺旋凹槽(5)槽底的轻颗粒及误入螺旋凹槽(5)槽边缘的重颗粒重新分层、分带。
  4. 一种使用权利要求1所述煤泥重力分选设备的分选方法，其特征在于步骤为：
    通过给料口(1)向螺旋外部支架(3)中的螺旋中轴支架(4)给入煤泥和水作为物料，在重力作用下煤泥水物料沿切线方向落入螺旋溜槽(2)，并依次通过螺旋溜槽(2)上的螺旋槽面凹槽(5)进行分选；
    在激振器(6)的作用下螺旋中轴带动螺旋中轴支架(4)产生围绕垂直方向螺旋中轴的激振力矩，一方面增强了物料的径向离心力，加快了螺旋溜槽中的上层水流的横向运动速度，粗煤泥中低密度部分浮于上层水流，被快速甩向溜槽外缘(2)，粗煤泥中高密度部分沉入下层水流，实现物料粒群的快速分层；另一方面围绕螺旋中轴的激振力矩也增大了螺旋溜槽(2)的溜槽面对物料底层向内的摩擦力，降低了粗煤泥与下层水流的的回转速度，强化了不同密度的粗煤泥在螺旋溜槽(2)溜槽底部运动的速度差异，最终根据密度差异在螺旋溜槽(2)的螺旋截面上由内向外依次形成高密度区、中密度区与低密度区，实现轻重颗粒的横向分带；
    在螺旋溜槽(2)的溜槽面设有沿上螺旋线的螺旋槽面凹槽(5)，螺旋槽面凹槽(5)的槽内深度沿径向由内向外逐渐加深，当物料在激振器(6)和重力作用向下通过螺旋槽面凹槽(5)时，误入螺旋槽面凹槽(5)槽底的轻颗粒及误入槽边缘的重颗粒在下层水流回转运动中会重新分层、分带，从而强化密度分选的效果；
    物料分层、分带稳定后，不同密度的粗煤泥颗粒按各自的回转半径沿螺旋溜槽(2)运动，高密度颗粒与低密度颗粒由内向外沿螺旋溜槽(2)的截面均匀排列，形成连续的煤泥带，最终被设在螺旋分选机底部排料端的产品截取器将螺旋溜槽截面上的煤泥带横向分割成精煤、中煤、尾煤三部分，并通过各自的排料口(9)排出。
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